Real-time broken strand monitoring system for horizontal acting tension test of ground wire

Abstract

The invention provides a real-time broken strand monitoring system for a horizontal acting tension test of a ground wire, and relates to the technical field of the tension test of the ground wire. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the horizontal acting tension test of the ground wire is integrated with a tension test device, a broken strand monitoring device and a data processing and display device; wherein the data processing and displaying device is in wireless connection with the tension testing device and the strand breakage monitoring device, so that the strand breakage condition of the ground wire is monitored in real time while the ground wire is subjected to horizontal tension testing, flaw detection data and image data are combined through data processing, and the data processing and displaying device is used for monitoring the strand breakage condition of the ground wire. The broken strand critical value of the ground wire is comprehensively analyzed, the node data is output when the broken strand actually appears, the broken strand position is marked according to the main data of the horizontal force test through the node data, the broken strand is found in time, an alarm is given out, the accuracy and reliability of the tension test are effectively improved, and the generalizability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of conductor and ground wire tensile tests, and particularly to a real-time broken strand monitoring system for conductor and ground wire lying force tensile tests. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the power industry, the quality and performance requirements for wire and cable are getting higher and higher. During the production and use of wire and cable, it is necessary to strictly detect the mechanical properties of the wire to ensure that it can withstand a certain tensile force without breaking or having broken strands. Conductors and ground wires in transmission lines specifically refer to the abbreviations of conductors and ground wires, which are used to calculate some parameters, such as the tensile force between two steel towers, etc. Conductors and ground wires play an important role in the design and construction of transmission lines.

[0003] Traditional tensile test methods mainly stretch the conductor and ground wire through a tensile testing machine, record the relationship between the tensile force and the elongation, so as to evaluate the mechanical properties of the conductor and ground wire. However, this method cannot monitor in real time whether the conductor and ground wire have broken strands during the test, and can only judge whether there are broken strands through visual inspection or simple electrical tests after the test is over. This not only affects the test efficiency, but also may lead to misjudgment of the test results.

[0004] During the conductor and ground wire lying force tensile test, when the tensile force overloads beyond the bearing range of the conductor and ground wire, the multi-strand sub-wires that make up the conductor and ground wire may break. At this time, the conductor and ground wire have been damaged, but the test still continues, and the subsequent measured data will deviate. And due to the lack of monitoring for broken strands, the test data does not correspond to the state of the conductor and ground wire, making the data lack effectiveness.

[0005] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a system that can monitor the broken strand situation in real time during the conductor and ground wire lying force tensile test. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a real-time broken strand monitoring system for conductor and ground wire lying force tensile tests to solve the problem that the conductor and ground wire broken strands cannot be monitored in real time during the tensile test in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a real-time broken strand monitoring system for conductor and ground wire lying force tensile tests, including: A tensile test device, a broken strand monitoring device, and a data processing and display device; the data processing and display device is wirelessly connected to the tensile test device and the broken strand monitoring device respectively; The tensile test device is used to apply a tensile force to the conductor and ground wire and measure the magnitude of the tensile force and the elongation of the conductor and ground wire; The broken strand monitoring device is used to monitor the broken strand condition of the ground wire in real time during the tensile test, and includes an image acquisition module, a sound acquisition module, an ultrasonic transmission module, and an electromagnetic induction module; the image acquisition module is used to capture images of the ground wire; the sound acquisition module is used to collect the sound signals generated by the ground wire under tensile force; the ultrasonic transmission module is used to emit ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the damage condition of the ground wire; the electromagnetic induction module is used to detect the change in the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire; the broken strand monitoring device transmits the collected images, sounds, damage conditions, and electromagnetic signals to the data processing and display device; The data processing and display device is used to receive the signals transmitted by the tensile test device and the broken strand monitoring device, perform data processing and analysis, and display the tensile force magnitude, elongation, and broken strand monitoring results in real time.

[0008] Preferably, the tensile test device includes a horizontal tensile testing machine, clamps, a tensile force sensor, and an elongation measurement device; the horizontal tensile testing machine is used to provide tensile force; the clamps are used to fix both ends of the ground wire; the tensile force sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the tensile force and transmit the tensile force signal to the data processing and display device; the elongation measurement device is used to measure the elongation of the ground wire under tensile force and transmit the elongation signal to the data processing and display device.

[0009] Preferably, the data processing and display device includes a signal processing unit, a data analysis unit, and a display unit; the signal processing unit is used to preprocess the tensile force signal, elongation signal, image signal, sound signal, and electromagnetic signal, and the preprocessing steps include filtering, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion; the data analysis unit is used to judge whether the ground wire has broken strands according to the preprocessed signals through image recognition algorithms, sound analysis algorithms, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis algorithms; the display unit is used to display the tensile force magnitude, elongation curve, and broken strand monitoring results in real time, including the position, quantity, and time information of the broken strands.

[0010] Preferably, when judging the broken strands, the data analysis unit comprehensively considers the image recognition results, sound analysis results, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis results, and makes a comprehensive judgment through set logic and thresholds. The specific steps include: Collect images of the ground wire through a high-speed camera, convert the images into binary images using the Ostu automatic threshold method after preprocessing the images, extract the shape features of the ground wire from the binary images, and then send the extracted features to a pre-trained neural network for recognition. If the output result is inconsistent with the normal situation, it indicates that a broken strand phenomenon has occurred; Use a sound sensor to collect the sound signals generated by the ground wire under the action of tension, analyze the spectral and amplitude characteristics of the sound signals, extract the characteristic parameters related to strand breaks, and compare the extracted characteristic parameters with the pre-set strand break sound characteristic patterns. If the match is successful, it is determined that a strand break has occurred; Use an ultrasonic transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves to detect flaws in the ground wire, and judge whether there are defects, the types and severity of the defects according to the amplitude, shape and position of the ultrasonic signals, and perform precise positioning and quantitative analysis on the defects to determine the specific location and size of the defects; Detect the change of the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire through an electromagnetic induction coil, and compare the extracted electromagnetic characteristics with the pre-set threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the ground wire has a strand break; Comprehensively judge whether there is a strand break according to image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection and electromagnetic characteristics.

[0011] More preferably, the specific steps of the comprehensive judgment include: Fuse the characteristics of image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection and electromagnetic characteristics to form a comprehensive feature vector, and use the pre-set logic and threshold for judgment;

[0012] Among them, Threshold represents the pre-set threshold, α represents the probability of judging a strand break by image recognition, W1 represents the weight of image recognition, β represents the probability of judging a strand break by sound analysis, W2 represents the weight of sound analysis, γ represents the probability of judging a strand break by ultrasonic flaw detection, W3 represents the weight of ultrasonic flaw detection, δ represents the probability of judging a strand break by electromagnetic characteristics, and W4 represents the weight of electromagnetic characteristics.

[0013] Preferably, the image acquisition module further includes a lighting device for providing auxiliary lighting for the high-speed camera in case of insufficient light; the sound acquisition module further includes a sound amplifier for amplifying the sound signals collected by the sound sensor; the electromagnetic induction module further includes a signal conditioning circuit for conditioning the electromagnetic signals detected by the electromagnetic induction coil, including filtering and amplification.

[0014] More preferably, the display unit is also used to emit an audible and visual alarm signal when a strand break occurs.

[0015] Preferably, the system further includes a data storage unit for storing all data and monitoring results during the tensile test.

[0016] Preferably, the system also has a self-calibration module for automatically calibrating the tensile sensor, elongation measurement device, image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module and electromagnetic induction module before each test.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: During the testing process of this system, the broken strands are monitored in real time, detected and alarmed in a timely manner, avoiding safety accidents caused by broken-strand wires during subsequent use, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results; traditional methods can only judge the broken strands after the test is completed. If broken strands are found, most of the previous test data will become invalid and need to be retested. This system monitors in real time, immediately alarms and records data once broken strands occur, avoiding invalid tests, saving time and labor costs, and improving work efficiency; the system integrates various monitoring means such as image acquisition, sound acquisition, and electromagnetic induction to obtain broken-strand information in multiple dimensions. Even if a certain monitoring module is interfered with, the system can still accurately judge by integrating other information, ensuring the reliability of broken-strand monitoring and reducing the risk of misjudgment; the system has a self-calibration function, automatically calibrating each sensor before each test to ensure its good working state and providing accurate data. This reduces human calibration errors and workload, improves the reliability of test data, ensures the stable operation of the system, and also provides a broken-strand prediction model that can effectively predict the broken-strand situation. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a framework diagram of a real-time broken-strand monitoring system for the bedding force tension test of a conductor and ground wire of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a framework diagram of the data processing and display device of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention relates to a real-time broken-strand monitoring system for the bedding force tension test of a conductor and ground wire, including: A tension test device, a broken-strand monitoring device, and a data processing and display device; the data processing and display device is wirelessly connected to the tension test device and the broken-strand monitoring device respectively; The tension test device is used to apply tension to the conductor and ground wire and measure the magnitude of the tension and the elongation of the conductor and ground wire; The tension test device includes a horizontal tension machine, clamps, a tension sensor, and an elongation measurement device; the horizontal tension machine is used to provide tension; the clamps are used to fix both ends of the conductor and ground wire; the tension sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the tension and transmit the tension signal to the data processing and display device; the elongation measurement device is used to measure the elongation of the conductor and ground wire under the action of tension and transmit the elongation signal to the data processing and display device.

[0021] The broken strand monitoring device is used to monitor the broken strand condition of the ground wire in real time during the tensile test. It includes an image acquisition module, a sound acquisition module, an ultrasonic transmission module, and an electromagnetic induction module; the image acquisition module includes a high-speed camera, which is installed on the side of the ground wire and is used to capture the image of the ground wire and transmit the image signal to the data processing and display device; the sound acquisition module includes a sound sensor, which is installed around the ground wire and is used to collect the sound signal generated by the ground wire under the action of tensile force and transmit the sound signal to the data processing and display device; the ultrasonic transmission module includes an ultrasonic transmitter, which is used to transmit ultrasonic flaw detection to obtain the damage condition of the ground wire; the electromagnetic induction module includes an electromagnetic induction coil, which is sleeved outside the ground wire and is used to detect the change of the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire and transmit the electromagnetic signal to the data processing and display device; The data processing and display device is used to receive the signals transmitted by the tensile test device and the broken strand monitoring device, perform data processing and analysis, and display the tensile force magnitude, elongation, and broken strand monitoring results in real time.

[0022] The data processing and display device includes a signal processing unit, a data analysis unit, and a display unit; the signal processing unit is used to preprocess the tensile force signal, elongation signal, image signal, sound signal, and electromagnetic signal, and the preprocessing steps include filtering, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion; the data analysis unit is used to judge whether the ground wire has broken strands according to the preprocessed signals through image recognition algorithms, sound analysis algorithms, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis algorithms; the display unit is used to display the tensile force magnitude, elongation curve, and broken strand monitoring results in real time, including the position, quantity, and time information of the broken strands.

[0023] When the data analysis unit judges the broken strands, it comprehensively considers the image recognition results, sound analysis results, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis results, and makes a comprehensive judgment through the set logic and threshold. The specific steps include: Collect the image of the ground wire through the high-speed camera, perform preprocessing operations on the image, and then use the Ostu automatic threshold method to convert the image into a binary image. Extract the shape characteristics of the ground wire from the binary image, and then send the extracted characteristics to a pre-trained neural network for recognition. If the output result is inconsistent with the normal situation, it indicates that a broken strand phenomenon has occurred; A binary image refers to an image in which there are only 2 gray levels, that is, the gray value of any pixel point in the image is either 0 or 255, that is, only the image information with the inclusion formula r = [255 0 0] and g = [0 255 0], which represent black and white respectively. Select an appropriate threshold to segment the gray image into a black and white binary image. In the binary image, the gray value of the ground wire pixel points is 0, and the gray value of the background pixel points is 255, so that the ground wire and the background can be clearly distinguished.

[0024] Since the original true - color image contains multiple colors, the normalized threshold method is used to binarize the original RGB image. The binary image is scanned column by column, and the number of gray - value jumps in each column is counted. When the number of gray - value jumps is greater than 2, there may be a broken - strand fault. Further analyze the position and shape of the gray - value jumps, and combine the geometric shape and physical characteristics of the ground wire to determine whether there is really a broken strand, and determine the position and scope of the broken strand.

[0025] In the normal state, the ground wire is complete and continuous. When the image of the ground wire is binarized, the ground wire usually presents a relatively regular shape in the image, and the number of gray - value jumps at its edge is relatively fixed.

[0026] For example, for a ground wire with a circular cross - section, its edge will present a relatively smooth curve in the binary image. The gray value jumps from 255 of the background to 0 of the ground wire, and then jumps back from 0 to 255. The number of such jumps is relatively fixed in the case of a complete ground wire.

[0027] When the ground wire has a broken strand, its integrity is damaged, and gaps or discontinuous areas will appear at the broken - strand location. In the binary image, these gaps at the broken - strand locations will cause the originally continuous ground - wire area to be divided into multiple parts. When scanning column by column, these divided areas will cause an increase in the number of gray - value jumps. Specifically, in addition to the two gray - value jumps at the normal edge of the ground wire, the gaps at the broken - strand locations will cause additional gray - value jumps.

[0028] For example, if the gap at the broken - strand location divides the ground wire into two parts, then in a certain column scan, there may be a jump from the background to the ground wire, then a jump from the ground wire to the gap, then a jump from the gap to the other part of the ground wire, and finally a jump from the ground wire to the background. In this column, there will be four gray - value jumps, which is significantly greater than the two in the normal case.

[0029] When scanning the binary image column by column, count the number of gray - value jumps in each column. If the number of gray - value jumps in a certain column is greater than 2, it indicates that there is an abnormal gray - value change in this column, which is very likely caused by the division of the ground - wire area due to a broken strand. Therefore, the number of gray - value jumps greater than 2 can be used as a preliminary judgment condition, considering that there may be a broken - strand fault. Further, by combining information such as the position and shape of the gray - value jumps, the position and scope of the broken strand can be judged more accurately.

[0030] In a certain scan, the gray values of the pixel points are 255 (background), 0 (ground wire), 255 (background), 0 (ground wire), 255 (background) in sequence. In this case, the gray value jumps from 255 to 0, then from 0 to 255, then from 255 to 0, and finally from 0 to 255, with a total of four jumps. This is more than the normal two jumps, indicating that the ground wire is discontinuous in this column, that is, there may be broken strands.

[0031] In addition, the present invention also provides an algorithm. When detecting broken strands by scanning the binary image column by column, by calculating the energy difference of the image frame, it is judged whether there are broken strands for the second time:

[0032] Where e represents the energy degree of the pixel point, t represents time, τ represents the mean adjustment coefficient of linear change, ρ represents the variance adjustment coefficient of linear change, and x and y respectively represent the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the pixel point.

[0033] When e is greater than the stress energy threshold of the ground wire material, it is judged as a broken strand; by using different methods at two levels of the present invention to judge whether there is a broken strand phenomenon, the probability of systematic errors can be effectively reduced. The difference between the two judgments can be used as an improvement basis and input into the LSTM mathematical model to improve the prediction accuracy.

[0034] Use a sound sensor to collect the sound signal generated by the ground wire under the action of tension, analyze the frequency spectrum and amplitude characteristics of the sound signal, extract the characteristic parameters related to broken strands, and compare the extracted characteristic parameters with the preset broken strand sound characteristic pattern. If the match is successful, it is judged that a broken strand has occurred; Use an ultrasonic transmitter to emit ultrasonic waves to detect the ground wire for flaws, and judge whether there are defects and the type and severity of the defects according to the amplitude, shape and position of the ultrasonic signal, and perform precise positioning and quantitative analysis on the defects to determine the specific position and size of the defects; Ultrasonic flaw detection is a non-destructive testing method that uses the propagation and reflection characteristics of ultrasonic waves in the ground wire to detect whether there are defects inside the ground wire. When ultrasonic waves encounter defects inside the ground wire, reflected waves will be generated. By analyzing the characteristics of the reflected waves, the position and nature of the defects can be judged.

[0035] When the ultrasonic signal encounters defects (such as broken strands, cracks, etc.) inside the ground wire, reflected waves will be generated. The ultrasonic probe simultaneously receives these reflected ultrasonic signals; the data analysis unit judges whether there are broken strands or other defects in the ground wire according to the analysis results of the ultrasonic signals and transmits the results to the display unit. The display unit displays the results of ultrasonic flaw detection in real time, including information such as the position and size of the defects.

[0036] Detect the change of the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire through an electromagnetic induction coil, compare the extracted electromagnetic features with a preset threshold, and if the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the ground wire has broken strands; The induction coil of the electromagnetic induction module is sleeved outside the ground wire to detect the change of its electromagnetic characteristics. When the ground wire breaks strands, the electromagnetic characteristics change, and the induction coil generates a changing electrical signal, which is transmitted to the data processing and display device after being processed by the conditioning circuit, and the broken strands are judged by analyzing the change of the electromagnetic signal.

[0037] Comprehensively judge whether there is a broken strand situation according to image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection, and electromagnetic characteristics.

[0038] The specific steps of the comprehensive judgment include: Fuse the characteristics of image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection, and electromagnetic characteristics to form a comprehensive feature vector, and use the preset logic and threshold for judgment;

[0039] Among them, Threshold represents the preset threshold, α represents the probability of judging broken strands by image recognition, W1 represents the weight of image recognition, β represents the probability of judging broken strands by sound analysis, W2 represents the weight of sound analysis, γ represents the probability of judging broken strands by ultrasonic flaw detection, W3 represents the weight of ultrasonic flaw detection, δ represents the probability of judging broken strands by electromagnetic characteristics, and W4 represents the weight of electromagnetic characteristics.

[0040] The present invention also provides an LSTM mathematical model based on LSTM as the core, combined with dynamic parameter optimization and multi-modal data fusion technology, for predicting the broken strands of the ground wire, and its construction process is as follows: Input data, including tensile force △F, ground wire length l, ground wire diameter d, ground wire deformation length △x, sound signal s, ultrasonic flaw detection reflection signal G, electromagnetic characteristic changes including resistance R, current I, voltage U, magnetic flux φ, local resistance volatility σR, current density J, etc.; Key feature selection: Tensile force abnormal feature: The calculation formula of the tensile force mutation coefficient is as follows: , Among them, the tensile force gradient is calculated as follows:

[0041] △t represents the tensile force time, F t represents the tensile force at time t, and the calculation formula of △F is as follows: , Resistance fluctuation feature: The ratio of the local resistance standard deviation σ_R to the mean μ_R / σ_R, Resistance volatility σR:

[0042] where μr represents the reference resistance value, N represents the number of resistances in the ground wire, and R i represents the value of the i-th resistance in the ground wire. A sudden 50% increase in σR indicates that the ground wire has broken due to metal fatigue.

[0043] Ultrasonic damage characteristics: damage reflection signal c_G, the number of jumps in the image grayscale value, and determine whether Jump_2 is greater than 2. Use principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction and extract the first 3 principal components (cumulative contribution rate ≥ 85%) as the input to LSTM; Model training and inference LSTM network structure: Input layer: time window size (T = 10, determined by particle swarm optimization); Hidden layer: 2 layers of LSTM units (number of neurons 12 / 22, optimized by PSO); Output layer: Sigmoid function outputs the probability of strand breakage (P ∈ [0, 1]); Hyperparameter optimization: Use the adaptive particle swarm algorithm (PSO) to optimize the following parameters: Time window size (T ∈ [1, 20]); Batch size (B ∈ [1, 60]); Learning rate (η ∈ [0.001, 0.01]); Adopt weighted cross-entropy loss to balance positive and negative samples (the proportion of strand breakage events is usually < 5%). Subsequently, output through dynamic calibration and early warning: Switch to the reference wire for calibration every 24 hours to correct the sensor drift error, and recalibrate each tensile force sensor, elongation measurement device, image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module, and electromagnetic induction module. Calibration formula:

[0044] where P 修正 represents the early warning probability after calibration and correction, P 原始 represents the early warning probability before calibration and correction, and σ 校准 represents the predicted tensile test deviation value, σ 实测It represents the actual deviation value of the tensile test, and then sets the early warning threshold. For example, the first-level early warning (P≥0.5): It indicates that the conductor and ground wire are about to have broken strands. The abnormal area is located through the image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module, and electromagnetic induction module. The second-level early warning (P≥0.7): It indicates that the conductor and ground wire have already had broken strands, and the machine is forced to stop and an audible and visual alarm is triggered.

[0045] Multi-modal data fusion: Integrate multi-dimensional parameters such as tensile force, resistance, temperature, and strain field to improve the prediction accuracy.

[0046] Through multi-modal data fusion and intelligent analysis, early warning of conductor broken strands is realized, which can effectively predict the broken strand situation of the conductor and ground wire, provide effective reference for experiments, and achieve effective prediction of conductor and ground wire broken strands. Through intelligent, high-precision, and strong robustness design, it solves the problems of lag in traditional detection methods, dependence on single-dimensional data, and frequent manual intervention, and has significant application value in the fields of electricity, transportation, new energy, etc. Its technical framework and effects have been verified by actual measurements of the conductor and ground wire harness, and it has the potential for large-scale promotion.

[0047] The signal processing unit is responsible for preprocessing the tensile force signal, elongation signal, image signal, sound signal, and electromagnetic signal, including operations such as filtering, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion to ensure the quality and accuracy of the signals. The data analysis unit is the core part of the system. It comprehensively uses image recognition algorithms, sound analysis algorithms, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis algorithms to analyze the preprocessed signals and judge whether the conductor and ground wire have broken strands. For example, the image recognition algorithm can analyze the images taken by the high-speed camera, identify the morphological changes of the conductor and ground wire, and judge whether there are broken strands; the sound analysis algorithm can perform spectral analysis on the sound signal to identify the unique sound frequency and amplitude characteristics during broken strands; the electromagnetic characteristic analysis algorithm judges the integrity of the conductor and ground wire according to the changes in the electromagnetic signals detected by the electromagnetic induction coil. By comprehensively combining the results of these three analyses and the set logic and thresholds, the data analysis unit can accurately judge the occurrence of broken strands and determine information such as the location, quantity, and time of the broken strands. The display unit can display the tensile force magnitude, elongation curve, and broken strand monitoring results in real time, including information such as the location, quantity, and time of the broken strands. At the same time, when a broken strand occurs, the display unit will also emit an audible and visual alarm signal to remind the operator to handle it in time.

[0048] The image acquisition module also includes a lighting device for providing auxiliary lighting for the high-speed camera in case of insufficient light; the sound acquisition module also includes a sound amplifier for amplifying the sound signals collected by the sound sensor; the electromagnetic induction module also includes a signal conditioning circuit for conditioning the electromagnetic signals detected by the electromagnetic induction coil, including filtering and amplification.

[0049] The display unit is also used to emit an acoustic and optical alarm signal in case of strand breakage, reminding the operator to handle it in time.

[0050] The system also includes a data storage unit for storing all data and monitoring results during the tensile test for subsequent query and analysis.

[0051] The system is equipped with a data storage unit to completely record the test data and monitoring results, facilitating subsequent query, analysis and quality traceability. When conditions permit, a remote control function is also set up, enabling the operator to control and monitor the system at a remote terminal through the network without being on-site, improving the test convenience and flexibility, especially suitable for simultaneous testing of multiple devices or harsh environments.

[0052] The system also has a self-calibration function, which automatically calibrates the tensile sensor, elongation measurement device, image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module and electromagnetic induction module before each test.

[0053] To ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test data, the system also has a self-calibration function. Before each test, the system automatically calibrates the tensile sensor, elongation measurement device, image acquisition module, sound acquisition module and electromagnetic induction module. The self-calibration process includes steps such as zero calibration, range calibration and sensitivity calibration of each sensor. By comparing and adjusting with known standards, it is ensured that each sensor can provide accurate data during the test.

[0054] The working principle of the system of the present invention is as follows: In practical applications, the operator first installs the ground wire to be tested on the fixture of the tensile test device to ensure that the ground wire is firmly fixed. Then, the parameters of the tensile test, such as the magnitude of the tensile force, loading speed, test time, etc., are set through the data processing and display device. The system automatically performs self-calibration before the test. After the calibration is completed, the tensile test is started. The horizontal tensile testing machine applies a tensile force to the ground wire according to the set parameters. At the same time, the tensile sensor and the elongation measurement device measure the magnitude of the tensile force and the elongation in real time and transmit the signals to the data processing and display device. The image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module and electromagnetic induction module in the strand breakage monitoring device start to work simultaneously, collecting the image, sound, damage condition and electromagnetic signal of the ground wire in real time and transmitting them to the data processing and display device. The signal processing unit in the data processing and display device preprocesses these signals, and then the data analysis unit performs a comprehensive analysis to judge whether a strand breakage has occurred. Once a strand breakage is detected, the display unit immediately displays the relevant information of the strand breakage and emits an acoustic and optical alarm signal.

[0055] Meanwhile, the set LSTM mathematical model can also predict the broken strand condition of the ground wire in real time so that the testers can observe the predicted broken strand position in advance; the data storage unit stores all the data and monitoring results during the whole test process for subsequent query and analysis.

[0056] The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the ground wire lying force tension test of the present invention integrates a variety of monitoring technologies to achieve all-round and multi-dimensional real-time monitoring of the ground wire during the tension test, ensuring timely and accurate detection of the broken strand condition and guaranteeing the reliability and safety of the test results.

[0057] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary engineering and technical personnel in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force and tensile force test of the conductor and earth wire, characterized in that, Including: A tensile test device, a broken strand monitoring device, and a data processing and display device; the data processing and display device is wirelessly connected to the tensile test device and the broken strand monitoring device respectively; The tensile test device is used to apply a tensile force to the ground wire and measure the magnitude of the tensile force and the elongation of the ground wire; The broken strand monitoring device is used to monitor the broken strand condition of the ground wire during the tensile test in real time, including an image acquisition module, a sound acquisition module, an ultrasonic transmission module, and an electromagnetic induction module; the image acquisition module is used to take images of the ground wire; the sound acquisition module is used to collect the sound signals generated by the ground wire under the action of the tensile force; the ultrasonic transmission module is used to transmit ultrasonic waves for flaw detection to obtain the damage condition of the ground wire; the electromagnetic induction module is used to detect the change of the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire; the broken strand monitoring device transmits the collected images, sounds, damage conditions, and electromagnetic signals to the data processing and display device; The data processing and display device is used to receive the signals transmitted by the tensile test device and the broken strand monitoring device, perform data processing and analysis, and display the magnitude of the tensile force, the elongation, and the broken strand monitoring results in real time.

2. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force tension test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 1, wherein, The tensile test device includes a horizontal tensile testing machine, clamps, a tensile force sensor, and an elongation measuring device; the horizontal tensile testing machine is used to provide the tensile force; the clamps are used to fix both ends of the ground wire; the tensile force sensor is used to measure the magnitude of the tensile force and transmit the tensile force signal to the data processing and display device; the elongation measuring device is used to measure the elongation of the ground wire under the action of the tensile force and transmit the elongation signal to the data processing and display device.

3. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force tension test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 1, wherein, The data processing and display device includes a signal processing unit, a data analysis unit, and a display unit; the signal processing unit is used to preprocess the tensile force signal, elongation signal, image signal, sound signal, and electromagnetic signal, and the preprocessing steps include filtering, amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion; the data analysis unit is used to judge whether the ground wire has broken strands according to the preprocessed signals through image recognition algorithms, sound analysis algorithms, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis algorithms; the display unit is used to display the magnitude of the tensile force, the elongation curve, and the broken strand monitoring results in real time, including the position, quantity, and time information of the broken strands.

4. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force and tensile force test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the data analysis unit judges the broken strands, it comprehensively considers the image recognition results, sound analysis results, and electromagnetic characteristic analysis results, and makes a comprehensive judgment through the set logic and threshold. The specific steps include: Collecting images of the ground wire through a high-speed camera, preprocessing the images, and then converting the images into binary images using the Ostu automatic threshold method. Extract the shape characteristics of the ground wire from the binary images, and then send the extracted characteristics to a pre-trained neural network for recognition. If the output result is inconsistent with the normal situation, it indicates that a broken strand phenomenon has occurred; Using a sound sensor to collect the sound signals generated by the ground wire under the action of the tensile force, analyzing the spectral and amplitude characteristics of the sound signals, extracting the characteristic parameters related to the broken strands, and comparing the extracted characteristic parameters with the pre-set broken strand sound characteristic patterns. If the match is successful, it is judged that a broken strand has occurred; Ultrasonic waves are generated by an ultrasonic transmitter to detect flaws in the ground wire. Based on the amplitude, shape, and position of the ultrasonic signals, it is determined whether there are defects, as well as the type and severity of the defects. Precise positioning and quantitative analysis of the defects are carried out to determine the specific location and size of the defects; The change in the electromagnetic characteristics of the ground wire is detected by an electromagnetic induction coil. The extracted electromagnetic features are compared with a preset threshold. If the threshold is exceeded, it is determined that the ground wire has broken strands; Based on image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection, and electromagnetic characteristics, a comprehensive judgment is made on whether there are broken strands.

5. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force and tensile force test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 4, wherein, The specific steps of the comprehensive judgment include: The features of image recognition, sound analysis, ultrasonic flaw detection, and electromagnetic characteristics are fused to form a comprehensive feature vector, and a judgment is made using a preset logic and threshold; ， Among them, Threshold represents the preset threshold, α represents the probability of image recognition judging broken strands, W1 represents the weight of image recognition, β represents the probability of sound analysis judging broken strands, W2 represents the weight of sound analysis, γ represents the probability of ultrasonic flaw detection judging broken strands, W3 represents the weight of ultrasonic flaw detection, δ represents the probability of electromagnetic characteristics judging broken strands, and W4 represents the weight of electromagnetic characteristics.

6. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force tension test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The image acquisition module further includes a lighting device for providing auxiliary lighting for the high-speed camera in case of insufficient light; the sound acquisition module further includes a sound amplifier for amplifying the sound signals collected by the sound sensor; the electromagnetic induction module further includes a signal conditioning circuit for conditioning the electromagnetic signals detected by the electromagnetic induction coil, including filtering and amplification.

7. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force and tensile force test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The display unit is also used to emit an audible and visual alarm signal when broken strands occur.

8. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force tension test of the ground wire and overhead wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system further includes a data storage unit for storing all data and monitoring results during the tensile test.

9. The real-time broken strand monitoring system for the lying force and tensile force test of the ground wire and overhead line conductor according to claim 1, wherein, The system also has a self-calibration module for automatically calibrating the tensile sensor, elongation measurement device, image acquisition module, sound acquisition module, ultrasonic transmission module, and electromagnetic induction module before each test.

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