Control method of multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device and inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device

Abstract

The invention relates to a control method of a multi-parameter oblique single-axis photovoltaic tracking device and the oblique single-axis photovoltaic tracking device. The control method comprises the steps that S1, the current illumination intensity, the current environment temperature, the current environment wind speed and the current photovoltaic output power fluctuation rate are acquired; and S2, according to the current illumination intensity, the current environment temperature, the current environment wind speed and / or the current photovoltaic output power fluctuation ratio, a target control scheme of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device is determined, and the target control scheme comprises a conventional weather control scheme and an extreme weather control scheme. According to the invention, the inclination angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device is cooperatively regulated and controlled through multiple parameters, the inclination states of the photovoltaic panel in different weathers are dynamically switched, the adaptability to extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, rainstorm and snow is enhanced, the damage of the extreme weather to the photovoltaic panel is effectively resisted, and the service life of the photovoltaic panel is prolonged. Therefore, the problem that the photovoltaic panel is possibly damaged in extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, rainstorm and snow is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar photovoltaic power generation, and particularly to a control method for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device and an inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device. Background Art

[0002] The single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket is an advanced technology that dynamically adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic panel through a one-dimensional rotating shaft to track the sun's trajectory. Compared with the traditional fixed bracket, it can increase the power generation by 15% - 30%, and has become the mainstream choice for large-scale ground power stations.

[0003] The agricultural-photovoltaic complementary system is an innovative model that combines photovoltaic power generation with agricultural production. By realizing the coordinated development of power generation and planting / breeding on the same piece of land, it can effectively improve the comprehensive land utilization rate. In agricultural production, the single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket is often applied to the agricultural-photovoltaic complementary system.

[0004] The traditional single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket usually adjusts the bracket angle by collecting the light intensity, and then changes the orientation of the photovoltaic panel carried by the bracket. However, the current single-axis tracking photovoltaic bracket only relies on the light intensity as the adjustment criterion for the bracket, and only considers adjusting the angle with the goal of maximizing the power generation efficiency, ignoring the possible damage to the photovoltaic panel in extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, heavy rain, snow, etc.

[0005] Therefore, a control method for regulating the bracket angle with multiple parameters is needed to improve the adaptability of the photovoltaic bracket in different weather environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve or partially solve the problems existing in the related technologies, the present application provides a control method for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device and an inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: A control method for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, the method for the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device includes: S1, obtaining the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, the current ambient wind speed, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility; S2, determining the target control scheme for the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, the current ambient wind speed, and / or the current photovoltaic output power volatility, where the target control scheme includes a normal weather control scheme and an extreme weather control scheme.

[0008] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes: When the current ambient temperature is in the high temperature range, determine that the target control scheme is the first extreme weather control scheme; When the current ambient wind speed is in the strong wind range, determine that the target control scheme is the second extreme weather control scheme; When the current light intensity is in the weak light range, the current ambient temperature is in the low temperature or appropriate temperature range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is in the strong fluctuation range, determine that the target control scheme is the third extreme weather control scheme.

[0009] Optionally, the target control scheme includes a target adjustment angle and a target tracking mode; The first extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of large negative value and a target tracking mode of laying flat; The second extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of large negative value and a target tracking mode of laying flat or stopping; The third extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of large negative value and a target tracking mode of inverse tracking.

[0010] Optionally, the S2 further includes: When the current ambient temperature is not in the high temperature range, the current ambient wind speed is not in the strong wind range, the current light intensity is not in the weak light range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is not in the strong fluctuation range, determine that the target control scheme is the normal weather control scheme.

[0011] Optionally, the normal weather control scheme further includes: Determine the target light intensity coefficient corresponding to the current light intensity in the current season and the target ambient temperature coefficient corresponding to the current ambient temperature in the current season; When the target light intensity coefficient is greater than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine that the normal weather control scheme is the priority power generation control scheme; When the target light intensity coefficient is less than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine that the normal weather control scheme is the priority cooling control scheme.

[0012] Optionally, a priority rule is added to the normal weather control scheme, and the priority rule includes: When the current ambient temperature is greater than the preset ambient temperature threshold and the current light intensity is greater than the preset light intensity threshold, then force the target tracking mode to be laying flat.

[0013] An inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device is applied to the control method, and the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device includes: A rocker, driven by a motor; A linkage rod connected to one end of the rocker; Two columns of fixed rods provided on one side of the linkage rod; An anemometer provided at one end of the fixed rod in the length direction, and the anemometer is electrically connected to the controller; Wherein, a plurality of rotating shafts are rotatably installed at equal intervals between the two columns of fixed rods, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the linkage rod, and a support assembly for supporting the photovoltaic panel is provided on the rotating shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the support assembly includes: A support plate; Several U-shaped fasteners provided at both ends of the support plate in the length direction; A U-shaped fastening sleeve provided at the bottom of the support plate; Wherein, the U-shaped fastening sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0015] Optionally, a triangular mounting bracket is provided on the fixed rod, and the top of the triangular mounting bracket is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through a bearing.

[0016] Optionally, one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the linkage rod through a push rod.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application: The control method of the present application can adjust the tilt angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device under high-temperature working conditions to horizontally place the photovoltaic panel to reduce wind resistance; under strong wind working conditions, it can adjust the tilt angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device to horizontally place or stop the photovoltaic panel, reducing the direct sunlight area, thereby avoiding damage to it; under rainy weather working conditions, the photovoltaic panel is cleaned by the tilt tracking device, reducing the component cleaning cost; under heavy snow weather working conditions, the snow covering the upper part of the photovoltaic panel is dumped to avoid damage caused by snow accumulation, and at the same time improve the power generation of the system in snowy days. In this way, by coordinating and controlling the tilt angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device with multiple parameters, dynamically switching the tilt state of the photovoltaic panel in different weather conditions, strengthening the adaptability to extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, rain and snow, effectively resisting the damage of extreme weather to the photovoltaic panel, and thus avoiding the problem of damage to the photovoltaic panel that may be caused by extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, rain and snow.

[0018] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0019] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present application in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the control block diagram of the control method shown in the first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is the system control flowchart of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is the fuzzy rule base diagram of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 It is the rule plane visualization diagram of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is the fuzzy logic design block diagram of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application under the working conditions of strong light and suitable temperature, suitable light and low temperature, and weak light and high temperature; Figure 6 It is the fuzzy logic design block diagram of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application under the working conditions of strong light and low temperature, suitable light and high temperature, and weak light and suitable temperature; Figure 7 It is the fuzzy logic design block diagram of the control method shown in the second embodiment of the present application under the working conditions of strong light and high temperature, suitable light and suitable temperature, and weak light and low temperature; Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device shown in the third embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 It is the first structural schematic diagram of the support assembly shown in the fourth embodiment of the present application; Figure 10 It is the second structural schematic diagram of the support assembly shown in the fourth embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 It is the structural schematic diagram of the push rod shown in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Reference numerals: 1 rocker, 2 linkage rod, 3 fixed rod, 4 rotating shaft, 5 support assembly, 6 support plate, 7 J-shaped fastener, 8 U-shaped fastening sleeve, 9 bearing, 10 push rod, 11 wind speed sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0022] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "linked", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0026] In this application, terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0027] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

[0028] The above are only optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the protection scope of the present application.

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] See Figure 1 , a control method for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device method includes: S1, obtaining the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, the current ambient wind speed, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility; S2, determining the target control scheme of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, the current ambient wind speed, and / or the current photovoltaic output power volatility, and the target control scheme includes a normal weather control scheme and an extreme weather control scheme.

[0032] Specifically, a plurality of light sensors are arranged around the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device to collect the light intensity data of each sensor in real time, and the data is substituted into the variance calculation formula to obtain the variance value of the current light intensity, which is used as the quantization index of the current light intensity; a temperature sensor is used to collect the current ambient temperature data in real time, and among them, the temperature sensor can be a common thermistor type or thermocouple type sensor; a wind speed sensor is used to obtain the current ambient wind speed; the output power of the current photovoltaic is obtained and used as the real-time power, and by differentiating the ratio of the real-time power to the theoretical maximum power, the current photovoltaic output power volatility can be obtained.

[0033] The device is provided with a preset threshold for light intensity, a preset threshold for ambient temperature, a preset threshold for the current ambient wind speed, and / or a preset threshold for photovoltaic output power volatility.

[0034] The lower limit and upper limit of the preset threshold for light intensity are obtained according to the local light data analysis to determine the fluctuation range of light intensity under normal weather. The lower limit represents the lowest light intensity that can enable the photovoltaic device to generate electricity effectively. When the light intensity is lower than the lower limit of the preset threshold range of light intensity, the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic device will be significantly reduced; the upper limit is considered in view of the tolerance of the photovoltaic panel and the stability of the system. When the light intensity exceeds this value, it may cause damage to the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] According to the operating characteristics of the photovoltaic panel and the local climate conditions, determine the appropriate range of ambient temperature. The lower limit and upper limit of the preset threshold of ambient temperature correspond to the lowest and highest temperatures at which the photovoltaic panel can operate normally. When the ambient temperature is lower than the lower limit, the performance of the photovoltaic panel may be affected by low temperature, resulting in a decrease in power generation efficiency; when the ambient temperature is higher than the upper limit, the temperature of the photovoltaic panel will rise, thereby reducing its power generation efficiency and affecting the life of the component.

[0036] Considering the structural strength and stability of the tilt single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, set the preset threshold of the current ambient wind speed. The lower limit is usually set to a relatively small value. When the wind speed is lower than this value, it can be considered that the impact on the photovoltaic tracking device is extremely small; the upper limit is the maximum wind speed at which the tracking device can operate safely. When the wind speed exceeds this value, it may cause mechanical damage to the device.

[0037] By statistically analyzing the historical operation data of the photovoltaic system under normal weather conditions, determine the normal range of the photovoltaic output power volatility. Set the lower limit and upper limit. The lower limit represents the minimum volatility at which the photovoltaic output power is relatively stable, and the upper limit represents the maximum volatility allowed for the photovoltaic output power.

[0038] When the acquired current light intensity, current ambient temperature, current ambient wind speed, and current photovoltaic output power volatility are within the intervals of the set light intensity preset threshold, ambient temperature preset threshold, current ambient wind speed preset threshold, and / or photovoltaic output power volatility preset threshold, adopt the normal weather control scheme. Calculate the position of the sun through the solar geometry algorithm, and adjust the angle of the tilt single-axis photovoltaic tracking device so that the photovoltaic panel always faces the sun to receive solar radiation to the greatest extent and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0039] When one or more of the acquired current light intensity, current ambient temperature, current ambient wind speed, and current photovoltaic output power volatility parameters are not within the preset threshold range, it is judged as an extreme weather condition, and the extreme weather control scheme is adopted. Under high-temperature working conditions, adjust the tilt angle of the tilt single-axis photovoltaic tracking device so that the photovoltaic panel is placed horizontally to reduce the direct sunlight area and avoid damage; under strong wind working conditions, adjust the tilt angle of the tilt single-axis photovoltaic tracking device so that the photovoltaic panel is placed horizontally or stopped to reduce wind resistance; under heavy rain working conditions, clean the photovoltaic panel through the tilt tracking device to reduce the component cleaning cost; under heavy snow working conditions, dump the snow covering the upper part of the photovoltaic panel to avoid damage caused by snow accumulation and improve the power generation of the system in snowy days. In this way, by coordinating and controlling the tilt angle of the tilt single-axis photovoltaic tracking device with multiple parameters, dynamically switching the tilt state of the photovoltaic panel in different weather conditions, strengthening the adaptability to extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and snow, effectively resisting the damage of extreme weather to the photovoltaic panel, and thus avoiding the problem of damage to the photovoltaic panel that may be caused by extreme environments such as high temperature, strong wind, heavy rain and snow.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] See Figures 2 to 4 , based on Example 1, optionally, S2 specifically includes: When the current ambient temperature is in the high temperature range, determine the target control scheme as the first extreme weather control scheme; When the current ambient wind speed is in the strong wind range, determine the target control scheme as the second extreme weather control scheme; When the current light intensity is in the weak light range, the current ambient temperature is in the low temperature or suitable temperature, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is in the strong fluctuation range, determine the target control scheme as the third extreme weather control scheme.

[0042] Specifically, the current ambient temperature, the current light intensity, and the current photovoltaic output power are input variables. The input variables are fuzzified, and a fuzzy rule base is established. The rule base is as Figure 2 shown, and the rule visualization plane is as Figure 4 shown (the left figure is the angle rule plane; the right figure is the mode adjustment rule plane). The current light intensity is divided into "weak, medium, strong" by using the triangular distribution function; the current ambient temperature is divided into "low temperature, suitable, high temperature"; the current photovoltaic output power volatility is divided into "weak (±5%), medium (±15%), strong (±25%)".

[0043] Optionally, the target control scheme includes a target adjustment angle and a target tracking mode; The first extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of flat laying; The second extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of flat laying or stopping; The third extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of inverse tracking.

[0044] Specifically, after the system is started, first determine the growth cycle of the crop (such as the seedling stage, the flowering stage, etc.) to provide a basis for subsequent control strategies. Collect the indoor temperature, light intensity, and the change rate of the photovoltaic module power, and at the same time detect the ambient wind speed to determine whether there is strong wind weather. Convert the temperature, light and other data into fuzzy grades. Based on 27 preset working conditions, the preset thresholds of the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility and the fuzzy input quantities are converted into the membership values of the linguistic variables through the membership function, and then these membership values are compared through the fuzzy inference rules to obtain the results. Infer and decide the control scheme through the fuzzy rule base, and then convert the fuzzy results into specific parameters through the "center of gravity method".

[0045] Based on the deviation between the position given value and the actual detected value, through proportional, integral, and differential regulation, a speed control command is output. The speed deviation is processed proportionally, integrally, and differentially to generate a current control signal. The current deviation is regulated through proportional, integral, and differential to drive the DC motor. The position, speed, and current detections are fed back in real time to ensure that the component accurately tracks the sun or performs protection actions in extreme weather.

[0046] Among them, the DC motor is the driving source for driving the tilt of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device. The adjustment of the motor rotation angle is divided into seven levels: "negative large", "negative medium", "negative small", "zero", "positive small", "positive medium", and "positive large", corresponding to different adjustment angle ranges; the tracking modes are divided into "reverse tracking", "forward tracking", "stop", and "flat".

[0047] Specifically, when the first extreme weather control scheme is triggered, the target adjustment angle is negative large, the target tracking mode is flat, and the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device drives the photovoltaic panel to be horizontally placed to reduce the direct sunlight area; according to the strong wind detection result, it is judged whether to trigger flat (the component is horizontally fixed) or shutdown. When the wind speed sensor detects that the wind speed is greater than 17 m / s, the second extreme weather control scheme is triggered. The target adjustment angle is negative large, and the target tracking mode is flat or stop. If "flat" is executed, the angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device is adjusted according to "negative large", and it enters the protection mode. The inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device drives the photovoltaic panel to be horizontally placed to reduce wind resistance (in strong winds) and protect the photovoltaic panel; if "shutdown" is executed, the system suspends the tracking function, and the tracking angle will not be calculated subsequently until the weather returns to normal. If the current light intensity is in the weak light interval, the current ambient temperature is in the low temperature or appropriate temperature range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is in the strong fluctuation interval, then the third extreme weather control scheme (tilting the photovoltaic panel) is triggered. The target adjustment angle is negative large, and the target tracking mode is reverse tracking to clean the photovoltaic panel or make the snow dump.

[0048] Optionally, the S2 further includes: When the current ambient temperature is not in the high temperature range, the current ambient wind speed is not in the strong wind range, the current light intensity is not in the weak light range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is not in the strong fluctuation range, it is determined that the target control scheme is the normal weather control scheme.

[0049] Specifically, the normal weather control scheme calculates the position of the sun through the solar geometry algorithm, adjusts the angle of the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, so that the photovoltaic panel always faces the sun, to receive solar radiation to the greatest extent and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0050] See Figures 5 to 7 Optionally, the normal weather control scheme further includes: Determine the target light intensity coefficient corresponding to the current light intensity under the current season, and the target ambient temperature coefficient corresponding to the current ambient temperature under the current season; When the target light intensity coefficient is greater than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine the conventional weather control scheme as the priority power generation control scheme; When the target light intensity coefficient is less than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine the conventional weather control scheme as the priority cooling control scheme.

[0051] Specifically, a dynamic weight is introduced in the conventional weather control scheme: the rule weight is adjusted according to the season, with power generation being prioritized in winter and cooling being prioritized in summer. The fuzzy rule base expansion includes a dynamic weight adjustment module, which calculates the rule weight in real time according to the season parameters (priority power generation efficiency in winter, priority cooling in summer), and adopts the Mamdani inference method. The weight calculation formula is: In the formula: α, β, and δ are respectively season-related coefficients. In winter, α = 0.6, β = 0.3, γ = 0.1, for priority power generation efficiency; in summer, α = 0.3, β = 0.6, γ = 0.1, for priority cooling protection. μL(L) is the light intensity membership degree; μT(T) is the temperature membership degree; μP(P) is the power fluctuation membership degree.

[0052] Optionally, a priority rule is added to the conventional weather control scheme. The priority rule includes: When the current ambient temperature is greater than the preset ambient temperature threshold and the current light intensity is greater than the preset light intensity threshold, then force the target tracking mode to be flat.

[0053] Specifically, a priority rule (such as high-temperature protection > power generation efficiency optimization) is added to the conventional weather control scheme: when the current ambient temperature is greater than the preset ambient temperature threshold and the current light intensity is greater than the preset light intensity threshold, then force the target tracking mode to be flat to avoid burning crops under high temperature and strong light. Among them, the preset ambient temperature threshold is 35°C, and the preset light intensity threshold is 800 W / m².

[0054] Embodiment 3: See Figure 8 Based on the above embodiments, the present application provides an inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, which is applied to the above control method. The inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device includes: A rocker 1, driven by a motor; A linkage rod 2 connected to one end of the rocker 1; Two columns of fixed rods 3 arranged on one side of the linkage rod 2; The wind speed sensor 11 is provided at one end of the fixed rod 3 in the length direction, and the wind speed sensor 11 is electrically connected to the controller; Wherein, a plurality of rotating shafts 4 are rotatably installed at equal intervals between the two columns of fixed rods 3. One end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to the linkage rod 2, and a supporting assembly 5 for supporting the photovoltaic panel is provided on the rotating shaft 4.

[0055] Specifically, the wind speed sensor 11 can be connected to the controller by leading out a signal line. The controller is provided with a control algorithm for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device and an inclination sensor, which can accurately locate the altitude angle and azimuth angle of the sun and lay the photovoltaic modules under high wind speeds (such as greater than the threshold value of 17 m / s). The motor is controlled by the controller. The controller is divided into two parts. The first part is fuzzyfication, which takes the system error, the change of the error, and the change of the change of the error as inputs for fuzzyfication processing, then performs fuzzy inference according to the given fuzzy rules, and defuzzifies the output. The second part is the PID controller, which constitutes a three-loop closed-loop control regulator. Taking the angle input as the input quantity of the three-loop control, after PID control, the motor accurately rotates to the specified position.

[0056] Fuzzy control processes non-linear and uncertain inputs (such as errors and their changes), and dynamically adjusts the control strategy to cope with the interference of complex systems (enhancing robustness); PID control eliminates the steady-state error and accurately tracks the target based on an accurate mathematical model (ensuring control accuracy). Therefore, by combining fuzzy control with PID control, through fuzzyfication of non-linear inputs and dynamic adjustment of the control strategy using fuzzy rules, and at the same time accurately tracking the angle target through the three-loop PID, the collaborative optimization of robustness and accuracy is achieved, which can not only adapt to the uncertainty of complex systems but also ensure the steady-state control accuracy.

[0057] The motor is a DC motor used to drive the rocker 1. The rotation angle adjustment of the motor is divided into seven levels: "negative large", "negative medium", "negative small", "zero", "positive small", "positive medium", "positive large", corresponding to different adjustment angle ranges; the tracking modes are divided into "reverse tracking", "positive tracking", "stop", "tiling".

[0058] The lower end of the rocker 1 is connected to one end of the linkage rod 2 in the length direction. Two columns of fixed rods 3 are arranged at intervals on the side of the linkage rod 2 close to the rocker 1. A plurality of rotating shafts 4 are rotatably installed at equal intervals between the two columns of fixed rods. One end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to the linkage rod 2, and the supporting assembly 5 is detachably fixed on the rotating shaft 4 to support the photovoltaic panel. The rocker 1 drives the rotating shaft 4 to rotate through the linkage rod 2, so that the supporting assembly 5 moves synchronously with the rotating shaft 4, thereby realizing the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panel.

[0059] Under high-temperature conditions, the first extreme weather control scheme is triggered, and the rocker 1 drives the support assembly 5 to rotate according to the control instruction with the target adjustment angle being negative large and the target tracking mode being tiled. Taking the photovoltaic panel as an example, negative large usually refers to the direction adjustment of horizontal placement or tending to reduce direct sunlight and wind resistance. By controlling the support assembly 5 to be in a tiled state, the photovoltaic panel is horizontally placed, thereby reducing the direct sunlight area and avoiding damage to the photovoltaic panel due to high temperature; Under strong wind conditions, the second extreme weather control scheme is triggered, and the rocker 1 drives the support assembly 5 to rotate according to the control instruction with the target adjustment angle being negative large and the target tracking mode being tiled or stopped. If "tiled" is executed, the angle of the support assembly 5 is adjusted according to "negative large", entering the protection mode. The support assembly 5 drives the photovoltaic panel to be horizontally placed, thereby reducing wind resistance and avoiding damage to the photovoltaic panel due to strong wind and protecting the photovoltaic panel; if "shutdown" is executed, the system suspends the tracking function and no longer calculates the tracking angle subsequently until the weather returns to normal.

[0060] When the current light intensity is in the weak light interval, the current ambient temperature is in the low temperature or suitable temperature range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is in the strong fluctuation interval, the third extreme weather control scheme (tilting of the photovoltaic panel) is triggered. The rocker 1 drives the support assembly 5 to rotate according to the control instruction with the target adjustment angle being negative large and the target tracking mode being inverse tracking, so that the support assembly 5 drives the photovoltaic panel to tilt, thereby facilitating rainwater to clean the photovoltaic panel or making the snow dump, and avoiding damage caused by snow accumulation.

[0061] Under normal weather conditions, the controller calculates the position of the sun through the built-in solar geometry algorithm, controls the rotation of the rocker 1, and thus adjusts the angle of the support assembly 5 to keep the photovoltaic panel facing the sun all the time, so as to receive solar radiation to the greatest extent and improve the power generation efficiency.

[0062] Embodiment 4: See Figures 8 to 11 , based on the above embodiments, optionally, the support assembly 5 includes: Support plate 6; Several-shaped fasteners 7 provided at both ends of the support plate 6 in the length direction; U-shaped fastening sleeve 8 provided at the bottom of the support plate 6; Among them, the U-shaped fastening sleeve 8 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 4.

[0063] Specifically, the support plate 6 is detachably connected to the several-shaped fasteners 7 and the U-shaped fastening sleeve 8 respectively by bolts; by sleeving the U-shaped fastening sleeve 8 on the rotating shaft 4, the support plate 6 is fixed to the rotating shaft 4; the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the support plate 6 by using the several-shaped fasteners 7, so that the photovoltaic panel can move synchronously with the support plate 6.

[0064] Optionally, a triangular mounting bracket is provided on the fixed rod 3, and the top of the triangular mounting bracket is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 4 through a bearing 9.

[0065] Specifically, the outer ring of the bearing 9 is fixed to the triangular mounting bracket, and the inner ring is fixed to the rotating shaft 4 to prevent the triangular mounting bracket from interfering with the rotation of the rotating shaft 4, thereby improving the rotation performance of the rotating shaft 4 and further enhancing the rotation accuracy.

[0066] Optionally, one end of the rotating shaft 4 is connected to the linkage rod 2 through a push rod 10, and the rocker 1 is driven by a motor.

[0067] Specifically, the upper end of the push rod 10 is connected to one end of the rotating shaft 4, and the lower end is connected to the inner side of the linkage rod 2. The rotating shaft 4 is driven to rotate under the rotational action of the push rod 10. Driven by the linkage rod 2, the rotating shaft 4 acts, and further drives the support assembly 5 to perform light-tracking rotation.

[0068] It should be noted that the structures and / or installation methods not detailed in this application can be known to those skilled in the art by combining common general knowledge and / or existing technologies, and are not the key points of disclosure in this application, so no further elaboration will be made here.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the scope defined by the claims of this application; the dimensions of the drawings have nothing to do with the specific physical objects, and the physical dimensions can be arbitrarily changed.

Claims

1. A control method for a multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, characterized in that The multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device method described above includes: S1. Obtain the current light intensity, current ambient temperature, current ambient wind speed, and current photovoltaic output power volatility; S2. Determine the target control scheme for the inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to the current light intensity, the current ambient temperature, the current ambient wind speed, and / or the current photovoltaic output power volatility. The target control scheme includes a normal weather control scheme and an extreme weather control scheme.

2. The control method of the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific content of S2 includes: When the current ambient temperature is in the high-temperature range, determine that the target control scheme is the first extreme weather control scheme; When the current ambient wind speed is in the strong wind range, determine that the target control scheme is the second extreme weather control scheme; When the current light intensity is in the weak light range, the current ambient temperature is in the low or appropriate temperature range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is in the strong fluctuation range, determine that the target control scheme is the third extreme weather control scheme.

3. The control method of the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target control scheme includes a target adjustment angle and a target tracking mode; The first extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of tiling; The second extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of tiling or stopping; The third extreme weather control scheme includes a target adjustment angle of negative large and a target tracking mode of reverse tracking.

4. The control method of the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The S2 also includes: When the current ambient temperature is not in the high-temperature range, the current ambient wind speed is not in the strong wind range, the current light intensity is not in the weak light range, and the current photovoltaic output power volatility is not in the strong fluctuation range, determine that the target control scheme is the normal weather control scheme.

5. The control method of the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The normal weather control scheme also includes: Determine the target light intensity coefficient corresponding to the current light intensity in the current season and the target ambient temperature coefficient corresponding to the current ambient temperature in the current season; When the target light intensity coefficient is greater than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine that the normal weather control scheme is the priority power generation control scheme; When the target light intensity coefficient is less than the target ambient temperature coefficient, determine that the normal weather control scheme is the priority cooling control scheme.

6. The control method of the multi-parameter inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The priority rules are added to the normal weather control scheme. The priority rules include: When the current ambient temperature is greater than the preset ambient temperature threshold and the current light intensity is greater than the preset light intensity threshold, then force the target tracking mode to be tiling.

7. An inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device, which is applied to the control method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that, The inclined single-axis photovoltaic tracking device includes: A rocker, driven by a motor; A linkage rod connected to one end of the rocker; Two columns of fixed rods arranged on one side of the linkage rod; An anemometer arranged at one end of the fixed rod in the length direction. The anemometer is electrically connected to the controller; Wherein, a plurality of rotating shafts are rotatably installed at equal intervals between the two columns of fixed rods. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to the linkage rod, and a support assembly for supporting the photovoltaic panel is arranged on the rotating shaft.

8. The single-axis inclined photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The support assembly includes: A support plate; Several L-shaped fasteners arranged at both ends of the support plate in the length direction; A U-shaped fastening sleeve arranged at the bottom of the support plate; Wherein, the U-shaped fastening sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft.

9. The single-axis inclined photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A triangular mounting bracket is provided on the fixed rod, and the top of the triangular mounting bracket is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft through a bearing.

10. The single-axis inclined photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 7, characterized in that, One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a linkage rod through a push rod.

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