Residual magnetism type operating mechanism based on multivariate online self-diagnosis and self-diagnosis method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a residual magnetism type operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis and a self-diagnosis method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electrical switching device, which comprises an arc extinguishing chamber, a static magnetic core, a dynamic magnetic core, a limiting block, an insulating pull rod, a contact spring, a split spring, a driving coil, a driving self-diagnosis terminal and a displacement monitoring unit. The static magnetic core and the dynamic magnetic core are oppositely arranged and are both provided with a central groove and a side groove. The contact spring and the split spring are sleeved in the central groove. The insulating pull rod is fixedly connected with the limiting block after penetrating through the contact spring and the split spring, and the other end of the insulating pull rod is fixedly connected with the arc extinguishing chamber. The driving coil is arranged in the side groove. The displacement monitoring unit is arranged in perpendicular to the insulating pull rod. The displacement monitoring unit and the driving coil are electrically connected with the driving self-diagnosis terminal. Through the optimized magnetic circuit and the accurately matched driving system, the application can significantly improve the operation speed and the response accuracy of the circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electrical switchgear technology, and more specifically to a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis and its self-diagnosis method. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit breakers, as key devices in power systems used for protection, control, and interruption of current, directly affect the safe operation of the power grid. The operating mechanism of a circuit breaker, as its core component, undertakes the crucial function of realizing opening and closing operations, and therefore places extremely high demands on its operational reliability, operating speed, and control accuracy. Currently, the most widely used circuit breaker operating mechanisms include spring energy storage mechanisms and electromagnetic operating mechanisms. Although these traditional technologies are relatively mature, they still have many limitations under the high-performance requirements of modern power systems.

[0003] Spring energy storage mechanisms use mechanical springs to provide operating energy and rely on complex mechanical transmission systems to achieve the opening and closing actions of circuit breakers. While this type of mechanism possesses a certain degree of reliability, its complex mechanical structure and numerous components make it prone to wear and aging during operation. Furthermore, springs exhibit fatigue effects after prolonged use, impacting operational performance and service life. Simultaneously, spring energy storage mechanisms have low energy utilization efficiency during operation, leading to energy waste and failing to meet the energy conservation and emission reduction requirements of modern power equipment.

[0004] Electromagnetic operating mechanisms drive the circuit breaker to operate using electromagnetic force generated by an electromagnetic coil, and are structurally simpler than spring-driven energy storage mechanisms. However, because the coil requires a large current to maintain the electromagnetic force, the overall power consumption is high, especially during frequent operation, which can easily lead to coil overheating and increased energy consumption. Furthermore, electromagnetic operating mechanisms still have limitations in terms of control precision and operating speed, making it difficult to meet the application requirements of high-frequency breaking and closing.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, residual magnetism operating mechanism technology has gained increasing attention in recent years. This technology controls the magnitude of electromagnetic force by adjusting the magnetic circuit path, achieving precise control of opening and closing actions. Compared to traditional operating mechanisms, residual magnetism-based operating mechanisms offer significant advantages in terms of structural compactness, energy consumption control, and response speed. However, current residual magnetism operating mechanisms still face design bottlenecks, primarily due to insufficiently optimized magnetic circuit design, resulting in output characteristics and control accuracy that fail to meet the requirements of high-performance circuit breakers. Furthermore, their durability and adaptability to complex operating conditions need further improvement.

[0006] Therefore, how to effectively improve the operating performance and stability of circuit breakers to meet the high reliability and high efficiency requirements of modern power systems is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis and its self-diagnosis method, which overcomes the above-mentioned defects.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A residual magnetism-based operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis includes: an arc-extinguishing chamber, a stationary magnetic core, a moving magnetic core, a limiting block, an insulating pull rod, a contact spring, a closing spring, a drive coil, a drive self-diagnosis terminal, and a displacement monitoring unit. The stationary magnetic core and the moving magnetic core are arranged opposite to each other and each has a central groove and a side groove. The contact spring and the closing spring are sleeved in the central groove. The insulating pull rod passes through the contact spring and the closing spring and is fixedly connected to the limiting block. The other end of the insulating pull rod is fixedly connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber. The drive coil is arranged in the side groove. The displacement monitoring unit is arranged perpendicularly to the insulating pull rod. Both the displacement monitoring unit and the drive coil are electrically connected to the drive self-diagnosis terminal.

[0010] Optionally, both the stationary magnetic core and the moving magnetic core are provided with magnetic flux detection slots, and magnetic flux detection coils are provided in the magnetic flux detection slots. The magnetic flux detection coils are electrically connected to the drive self-diagnostic terminal.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a buffer pad, which is fixed to one side of the limiting block by the insulating tie rod.

[0012] Optionally, both the static magnetic core and the moving magnetic core are made of semi-hard magnetic material.

[0013] Optionally, the drive self-diagnostic terminal includes a current signal processing circuit, a drive circuit, a switching capacitor charging circuit, a dynamic and static magnetic core flux detection module, and a displacement signal wireless receiving module connected to the main controller; the Hall current sensor is electrically connected to the current signal processing circuit; and the switching capacitor charging circuit is electrically connected to the drive circuit.

[0014] Optionally, the driving circuit includes a tripping capacitor C1, a closing capacitor C2, power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, a freewheeling diode D1, and a freewheeling diode D2.

[0015] The power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a bridge circuit.

[0016] The shunt capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are both connected in parallel to the first bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the first output terminal A is led out from the first bridge arm;

[0017] The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the second output terminal B is led out from the second bridge arm.

[0018] A self-diagnostic method for a residual magnetism-type operating mechanism based on multi-factor online self-diagnosis, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Based on the state change requirements of the arc-extinguishing chamber, the driving coil is controlled to form a dynamic magnetic field, which affects the magnitude of the attraction between the stationary magnetic core and the moving magnetic core, thereby driving the moving magnetic core to move the insulating pull rod to complete the opening and closing actions; and multi-dimensional operating data during the operation process are collected in real time, and fault self-diagnosis is performed using preset fault identification rules.

[0020] Optionally, when the arc-extinguishing chamber changes from an open state to a closed state, the control steps are as follows:

[0021] A closing signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the drive coil is powered based on the closing signal to form a dynamic magnetic field;

[0022] The dynamic magnetic field magnetizes the stationary and moving magnetic cores, generating an attractive force between them. When the attractive force exerted on the moving magnetic core by the stationary magnetic core is greater than the elastic force of the opening spring and the contact spring in a compressed state, the moving magnetic core drives the insulating pull rod and the arc-extinguishing chamber to the closing position, and then maintains the closing state through the attractive force between the stationary and moving magnetic cores.

[0023] Optionally, when the arc-extinguishing chamber changes from the closed state to the open state, the control steps are as follows:

[0024] A tripping signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the drive coil is powered based on the tripping signal to form a dynamic magnetic field;

[0025] The dynamic magnetic field demagnetizes the static and moving magnetic cores. When the attraction force of the static magnetic core on the moving magnetic core is less than the elastic force of the opening spring and the contact spring, the moving magnetic core begins to move. After the moving magnetic core moves a first distance and contacts the limiting block, it drives the arc-extinguishing chamber, the insulating rod, and the limiting block to move a second distance to the opening position, and maintains the opening state through the elastic force of the opening spring and the contact spring.

[0026] Optionally, the self-diagnostic steps are as follows:

[0027] Collect multi-dimensional operational data during the state change process of the arc-extinguishing chamber. The multi-dimensional operational data includes the current signal of the drive coil, the displacement signal of the insulating pull rod, the voltage signal of the closing capacitor C2, the voltage signal of the opening capacitor C1, and the magnetic flux signals of the moving and stationary magnetic cores in the closing state.

[0028] The multi-dimensional operational data is compared with preset thresholds to automatically identify faults.

[0029] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis and its self-diagnosis method, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0030] Improve circuit breaker operating performance: By optimizing the magnetic circuit design and precisely matching the drive system, the operating speed and response accuracy of the circuit breaker can be significantly improved. This means that when a fault occurs in the power system, the circuit breaker can perform the breaking operation faster and more accurately, effectively reducing the duration of the fault and protecting the safety of the power grid.

[0031] Enhanced operational stability: Both the stationary and moving magnetic cores utilize semi-hard magnetic materials, generating attraction through electronic control. This eliminates the risk of gradual demagnetization associated with permanent magnets, requiring only three components for magnetization and demagnetization, resulting in a simpler structure and lower maintenance costs. The use of residual magnetism technology ensures stable performance of the operating mechanism even after multiple operations, reducing operational instability caused by mechanical wear. Furthermore, online self-diagnostic functions monitor equipment status in real time, providing early warnings of potential faults and further improving equipment reliability. Added detection of magnetic flux signals from both moving and stationary magnetic cores in the closed state ensures accurate detection of demagnetization in the moving and stationary cores when the circuit breaker is in the closed position. If demagnetization is detected, the drive circuit is triggered to discharge the drive coil from the closing capacitor, achieving a remagnetizing effect and preventing circuit breaker tripping. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the closed position structure of the multi-element online self-diagnostic residual magnetism operating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the open position structure of the multi-element online self-diagnostic residual magnetism operating mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-diagnostic terminal provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the displacement monitoring unit provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the driving circuit provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the opening and closing capacitor charging circuit provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the magnetic flux detection module for dynamic and static magnetic cores provided by the present invention;

[0040] In the diagram, 11 is the arc-extinguishing chamber; 12 is the insulating pull rod; 13 is the contact spring; 14 is the opening spring; 15 is the bracket; 16 is the stationary magnetic core; 17 is the magnetic flux detection slot; 18 is the drive coil; 19 is the moving magnetic core; 20 is the limit block; 21 is the buffer pad; 22 is the drive self-diagnosis terminal; 221 is the Hall current sensor; 222 is the drive circuit; 223 is the main controller; 224 is the current signal processing circuit; 225 is the opening and closing capacitor charging circuit; 226 is the displacement signal wireless receiving module; 227 is the moving and stationary magnetic core magnetic flux detection module; and 23 is the displacement monitoring unit. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] One embodiment of the present invention discloses a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes: an arc-extinguishing chamber 11, a stationary magnetic core 16, a moving magnetic core 19, a limiting block 20, an insulating pull rod 12, a contact spring 13, a tripping spring 14, a drive coil 18, a drive self-diagnostic terminal 22, and a displacement monitoring unit 23. The stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are arranged opposite each other and each has a central groove and a side groove. The contact spring 13 and the tripping spring 14 are fitted in the central groove. The insulating pull rod 12 passes through the contact spring 13 and the tripping spring 14 and is fixedly connected to the limiting block 20. The other end of the insulating pull rod 12 is fixedly connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber 11. The drive coil 18 is provided in the side groove. The displacement monitoring unit 23 is arranged perpendicularly to the insulating pull rod 12. Both the displacement monitoring unit 23 and the drive coil 18 are electrically connected to the drive self-diagnostic terminal 22.

[0043] In one embodiment, a buffer pad 21 is also included, which is fixed to one side of the limiting block 20 by an insulating pull rod 12.

[0044] Furthermore, in the multi-element online self-diagnostic residual magnetism operating mechanism, the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the insulating pull rod 12; the insulating pull rod 12 passes through the center of the stationary magnetic core 16; the stationary magnetic core 16 is fixedly connected to the upper support plate of the bracket 15; the insulating pull rod 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the contact spring 13; the lower end of the insulating pull rod 12 is fixedly connected to the limit block 20; the buffer pad 21 is placed below the limit block 20; the lower end of the insulating pull rod 12 is fixedly connected to the buffer pad 21; the upper part of the insulating pull rod 12 is made of insulating material, and the lower part is made of metal material; the moving magnetic core 19 is placed below the stationary magnetic core 16, and when in the closed position, the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are in contact with each other; the moving magnetic core 19 is passed through the center of the insulating pull rod 12, and during the opening process, the moving magnetic core 19 moves downward a first distance, and after the moving magnetic core 19 touches the limit block 20... The arc-extinguishing chamber 11, insulating pull rod 12, limit block 20, moving magnetic core 19, and buffer pad 21 move downward together a second distance until the buffer pad 21 touches the lower support plate of the bracket 15. At this time, the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are separated by a third distance. The contact spring 13 and the opening spring 14 are placed in the groove between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19. The center of the contact spring 13 and the opening spring 14 is passed through by the insulating pull rod 12. The drive coil 18 is placed in the groove on the side of the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19. The drive coil 18 is electrically connected to the drive self-diagnostic terminal 22 through the wire. The contact spring 13 and the opening spring 14 are both in a compressed state. The displacement monitoring unit 23 is placed directly below the insulating pull rod 12 and is used to detect the distance between the insulating pull rod 12 and the displacement monitoring unit 23, thereby obtaining the displacement data of the operating mechanism.

[0045] In one embodiment, both the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are provided with magnetic flux detection slots 17, and magnetic flux detection coils are provided in the magnetic flux detection slots 17. The magnetic flux detection coils are electrically connected to the drive self-diagnosis terminal 22.

[0046] Furthermore, magnetic flux detection slots 17 are formed on the upper surface of the stationary magnetic core 16 and the lower surface of the moving magnetic core 19, and magnetic flux detection coils are placed in the slots.

[0047] In one embodiment, the self-diagnostic terminal 22 includes a current signal processing circuit 224, a drive circuit 222, a switching capacitor charging circuit 225, a moving and stationary magnetic core flux detection module 227, and a displacement signal wireless receiving module 226, all connected to the main controller 223; a Hall current sensor 221 is electrically connected to the current signal processing circuit 224; and the switching capacitor charging circuit 225 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 222.

[0048] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, in the self-diagnostic terminal 22, the drive coil 18 is connected to the drive circuit 222 by wires, and the Hall current sensor 221 is passed through by the connecting wires; the drive circuit 222 is electrically connected to the main controller 223, and receives the control commands issued by the main controller 223 to realize the discharge function of the opening and closing capacitors; the opening and closing capacitor charging circuit 225 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 222 to charge the opening and closing capacitors; the current signal processing circuit 224, the displacement signal wireless receiving module 226, the opening and closing capacitor charging circuit 225, and the dynamic and static magnetic core flux detection module 227 are all connected to the main controller 222. 3. Electrical connections: The current signal processing circuit 224 is electrically connected to the Hall current sensor 221 to collect the current signal of the drive coil 18 and transmit it to the main controller 223; the displacement signal wireless receiving module 226 receives the mechanism displacement signal of the displacement monitoring unit 23 and transmits it to the main controller 223; the main controller 223 collects the voltage signal of the opening capacitor and the voltage signal of the closing capacitor of the opening and closing capacitor charging circuit 225; the magnetic flux detection module 227 of the moving and stationary magnetic core is electrically connected to the magnetic flux detection coil in the magnetic flux detection slot 17 and transmits the magnetic flux signal of the moving and stationary magnetic core to the main controller 223.

[0049] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the displacement monitoring unit 23 includes: an eddy current non-contact displacement sensor, a signal conditioning circuit, and a displacement signal wireless transmission module;

[0050] An eddy current non-contact displacement sensor is used to sense the distance signal between the lower end of the insulating tie rod 12 and the sensor, and convert the distance signal into an electrical signal.

[0051] The eddy current non-contact displacement sensor is electrically connected to the signal conditioning circuit, which amplifies and filters the displacement signal of the insulated rod 12 collected by the eddy current non-contact displacement sensor.

[0052] The signal conditioning circuit is electrically connected to the displacement signal wireless transmission module, which transmits the processed displacement signal of the insulated rod 12 wirelessly to the drive self-diagnosis terminal 22.

[0053] In one embodiment, both the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are made of semi-hard magnetic material.

[0054] Furthermore, the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are circular or square, and both are made of semi-hard magnetic material.

[0055] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the drive circuit 222 includes a tripping capacitor C1, a closing capacitor C2, power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, a freewheeling diode D1, and a freewheeling diode D2.

[0056] Power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a bridge circuit;

[0057] Both the shunt capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are connected in parallel to the first bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the first output terminal A is led out from the first bridge arm.

[0058] The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the second output terminal B is led out from the second bridge arm.

[0059] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the switching capacitor charging circuit 225 includes: a rectifier circuit, a step-up / step-down circuit, and a voltage divider resistor;

[0060] The step-up / step-down circuit includes a tripping step-up / step-down circuit and a closing step-up / step-down circuit;

[0061] The rectifier circuit is connected to an external 220V AC power supply, and the rectified voltage is input to the opening step-up and closing step-up circuits respectively.

[0062] The tripping step-up / step-down circuit is electrically connected to the tripping capacitor to charge the tripping capacitor. The magnitude of the charging voltage of the tripping capacitor is detected by the voltage divider resistor.

[0063] The closing step-up / step-down circuit is electrically connected to the closing capacitor to charge it, and the charging voltage of the closing capacitor is detected by the voltage divider resistor.

[0064] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the magnetic flux detection module 227 for moving and stationary magnetic cores includes: a magnetoresistive sensor and a signal conditioning and amplification circuit;

[0065] The magnetoresistive sensor is electrically connected to the detection coil in the magnetic flux detection slot 17 to collect the magnetic flux signals of the moving and stationary magnetic cores 16;

[0066] The magnetoresistive sensor is electrically connected to the signal conditioning and amplification circuit. The signal conditioning and amplification circuit amplifies and filters the magnetic flux signal of the moving and stationary magnetic cores. The processed magnetic flux signal of the moving and stationary magnetic cores is then transmitted to the main controller 223.

[0067] This embodiment also discloses a self-diagnosis method for a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0068] According to the state change requirements of the arc-extinguishing chamber 11, the dynamic magnetic field is generated by controlling the drive coil 18 to affect the magnitude of the attraction between the static magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19, thereby driving the moving magnetic core 19 to move the insulating pull rod 12 to complete the opening and closing actions; and multi-dimensional operating data during the operation process are collected in real time, and fault self-diagnosis is performed using preset fault identification rules.

[0069] In one embodiment, when the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the open state to the closed state, the control steps are as follows:

[0070] A closing signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the driving coil 18 is powered based on the closing signal to form a dynamic magnetic field.

[0071] The dynamic magnetic field magnetizes the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19, generating an attractive force between them. When the attractive force exerted on the moving magnetic core 19 by the stationary magnetic core 16 is greater than the elastic force of the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13 in the compressed state, the moving magnetic core 19 drives the insulating pull rod 12 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 to move to the closing position, and then maintains the closing state through the attractive force between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19.

[0072] Furthermore, when the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the open state to the closed state, the operating steps are as follows:

[0073] 1) Power on the self-diagnostic terminal 22, and the switching capacitor charging circuit 225 charges the switching capacitor, which has stored energy.

[0074] 2) The main controller 223 sends a closing signal to close power transistors Q2 and Q3 in the drive circuit 222;

[0075] 3) The closing capacitor C2 discharges to the drive coil 18, the drive coil 18 forms a magnetic field, the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 are magnetized, and the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 form an attractive force.

[0076] 4) As the attraction between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 increases, when the attraction of the moving magnetic core 19 to the stationary magnetic core 16 is greater than the elastic force of the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13 in the compressed state, the moving magnetic core 19 moves upward and drives the insulating pull rod 12 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 to move upward together.

[0077] 5) When the moving magnetic core 19 moves to the closed position, the stationary magnetic core 16 comes into contact with the moving magnetic core 19 and the moving magnetic core 19 decelerates to zero. The attraction between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 provides an upward holding force for the arc-extinguishing chamber 11, keeping it in the closed position, and the closing is completed.

[0078] In one embodiment, when the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the closed state to the open state, the control steps are as follows:

[0079] A tripping signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the drive coil 18 is powered based on the tripping signal to form a dynamic magnetic field.

[0080] The dynamic magnetic field demagnetizes the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19. When the attraction force of the stationary magnetic core 16 on the moving magnetic core 19 is less than the elastic force of the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13, the moving magnetic core 19 starts to move. After the moving magnetic core 19 moves a first distance and contacts the limit block 20, it drives the arc-extinguishing chamber 11, the insulating pull rod 12 and the limit block 20 to move a second distance to the opening position, and maintains the opening state through the elastic force of the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13.

[0081] Furthermore, the arc-extinguishing chamber 11 changes from the closed state to the open state:

[0082] 1) Power on the self-diagnostic terminal 22, and the switching capacitor charging circuit 225 charges the switching capacitor, which has stored energy.

[0083] 2) The main controller 223 sends a trip signal, closing power transistors A and D;

[0084] 3) The trip capacitor discharges to the drive coil 18, and the drive coil 18 forms a magnetic field to demagnetize the moving and stationary magnetic cores. The attraction between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 gradually decreases.

[0085] 4) When the upward attraction between the stationary magnetic core 16 and the moving magnetic core 19 is less than the downward elastic force between the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13, the moving magnetic core 19 moves downward.

[0086] 5) When the moving magnetic core 19 moves downward a first distance, the moving magnetic core 19 touches the limit block 20. At this time, the arc-extinguishing chamber 11, the insulating pull rod 12, the limit block 20, the moving magnetic core 19 and the buffer pad 21 move downward a second distance together until the buffer pad 21 touches the lower support plate of the bracket 15. All moving parts decelerate to zero and the moving magnetic core 19 moves to the open position.

[0087] 6) When the circuit is open, the downward force of the opening spring 14 and the contact spring 13 provides a downward opening holding force for the arc-extinguishing chamber 11, and the opening is completed.

[0088] In one embodiment, the self-diagnostic step is as follows:

[0089] Collect multi-dimensional operational data during the state change process of the arc-extinguishing chamber 11. The multi-dimensional operational data includes the current signal of the drive coil 18, the displacement signal of the insulating pull rod 12, the voltage signal of the closing capacitor C2, the voltage signal of the opening capacitor C1, and the magnetic flux signals of the moving and stationary magnetic cores in the closing state.

[0090] The system compares diverse operational data with preset thresholds to automatically identify faults.

[0091] Furthermore, the main controller 223 receives the current signal of the drive coil 18. If the current of the drive coil 18 is greater than 30% of the set value, it determines that there is an inter-turn short circuit fault in the drive coil 18; if the current of the drive coil 18 is zero, it determines that there is a broken wire fault in the drive coil 18.

[0092] The main controller 223 receives the motion displacement signal of the mechanism. If the motion displacement signal of the mechanism is zero, it determines that the opening and closing action has failed; if the motion displacement signal of the mechanism is greater than the third gap, it determines that the buffer pad 21 of the mechanism is damaged.

[0093] The main controller 223 receives the voltage signals of the opening and closing capacitors. If the voltage signal of the opening capacitor is less than the given value, it determines that the opening capacitor charging circuit is abnormal; if the voltage signal of the closing capacitor is less than the given value, it determines that the closing capacitor charging circuit is abnormal.

[0094] When the circuit is closed, the main controller 223 receives the magnetic flux signal of the moving and stationary magnetic cores. If the magnetic flux of the moving magnetic core 19 is less than the magnetic flux value at the time of initial magnetization, it is determined that the moving magnetic core is leaking magnetic flux. If the magnetic flux of the stationary magnetic core is less than the magnetic flux value at the time of initial magnetization, it is determined that the stationary magnetic core is leaking magnetic flux. If it is determined that the moving magnetic core is leaking magnetic flux or the stationary magnetic core is leaking magnetic flux, the closing capacitor is re-controlled to discharge the drive coil 18 to remagnetize the moving and stationary magnetic cores.

[0095] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0096] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A residual magnetism-type operating mechanism based on multi-source online self-diagnosis, characterized in that, include: The arc-extinguishing chamber (11), static magnetic core (16), moving magnetic core (19), limiting block (20), insulating pull rod (12), contact spring (13), opening spring (14), drive coil (18), drive self-diagnostic terminal (22), and displacement monitoring unit (23) are arranged opposite to each other and each has a central groove and a side groove; the contact spring (13) and the opening spring (14) are sleeved in the central groove; the insulating... The pull rod (12) passes through the contact spring (13) and the opening spring (14) and is fixedly connected to the limiting block (20). The other end of the insulating pull rod (12) is fixedly connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber (11). The drive coil (18) is provided in the side groove. The displacement monitoring unit (23) is arranged perpendicularly to the insulating pull rod (12). The displacement monitoring unit (23) and the drive coil (18) are both electrically connected to the drive self-diagnostic terminal (22). Both the static magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19) are provided with magnetic flux detection slots (17), and magnetic flux detection coils are provided in the magnetic flux detection slots (17). The magnetic flux detection coils are electrically connected to the drive self-diagnosis terminal (22). The self-diagnostic terminal (22) includes a main controller (223) and a drive circuit (222) connected to the main controller (223); the drive circuit (222) includes a closing capacitor C2; When the main controller (223) is in the closed position, it receives the magnetic flux signal of the moving and stationary magnetic cores. When it is determined that there is magnetic leakage in the moving or stationary magnetic core, it re-controls the closing capacitor to discharge the drive coil and remagnetize the moving and stationary magnetic cores.

2. The residual magnetism-based operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer pad (21), which is fixed to one side of the limiting block (20) by the insulating pull rod (12).

3. The residual magnetism-type operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the static magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19) are made of semi-hard magnetic material.

4. The residual magnetism-type operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-diagnostic terminal (22) includes a current signal processing circuit (224), a switching capacitor charging circuit (225), a dynamic and static magnetic core flux detection module (227), and a displacement signal wireless receiving module (226) connected to the main controller (223); a Hall current sensor (221) is electrically connected to the current signal processing circuit (224); and the switching capacitor charging circuit (225) is electrically connected to the drive circuit (222).

5. A residual magnetism-type operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 4, characterized in that, The driving circuit (222) includes a shunt capacitor C1, power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, freewheeling diodes D1 and D2; The power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a bridge circuit. The shunt capacitor C1 and the freewheeling diode D1 are both connected in parallel to the first bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the first output terminal A is led out from the first bridge arm; The closing capacitor C2 and the freewheeling diode D2 are both connected in parallel to the second bridge arm of the bridge circuit, and the second output terminal B is led out from the second bridge arm.

6. A self-diagnostic method for a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis, applied to a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The specific steps are as follows: According to the state change requirements of the arc-extinguishing chamber (11), the driving coil (18) is controlled to form a dynamic magnetic field to affect the magnitude of the attraction between the static magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19), thereby driving the moving magnetic core (19) to drive the insulating pull rod (12) to move and complete the opening and closing actions; and collects multi-dimensional operating data in real time during the operation process, and performs fault self-diagnosis using preset fault identification rules.

7. The self-diagnosis method for a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the arc-extinguishing chamber (11) changes from the open state to the closed state, the control steps are as follows: A closing signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the driving coil (18) is powered based on the closing signal to form a dynamic magnetic field; The dynamic magnetic field magnetizes the stationary magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19), generating an attraction between the stationary magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19). When the attraction of the moving magnetic core (19) to the stationary magnetic core (16) is greater than the elastic force of the opening spring (14) and the contact spring (13) in the compressed state, the moving magnetic core (19) drives the insulating pull rod (12) and the arc-extinguishing chamber (11) to the closing position, and maintains the closing state through the attraction between the stationary magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19).

8. The self-diagnosis method for a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the arc-extinguishing chamber (11) changes from the closed state to the open state, the control steps are as follows: A tripping signal is generated based on the state change requirements, and the drive coil (18) is powered based on the tripping signal to form a dynamic magnetic field; The dynamic magnetic field demagnetizes the static magnetic core (16) and the moving magnetic core (19). When the attraction force of the static magnetic core (16) on the moving magnetic core (19) is less than the elastic force of the opening spring (14) and the contact spring (13), the moving magnetic core (19) starts to move. After the moving magnetic core (19) moves a first distance and contacts the limiting block (20), it drives the arc-extinguishing chamber (11), the insulating pull rod (12) and the limiting block (20) to move a second distance to the opening position, and maintains the opening state through the elastic force of the opening spring (14) and the contact spring (13).

9. The self-diagnosis method for a residual magnetism operating mechanism based on multi-element online self-diagnosis according to claim 6, characterized in that, Performing fault self-diagnosis includes: Collect multi-dimensional operating data during the state change process of the arc-extinguishing chamber (11). The multi-dimensional operating data includes the current signal of the drive coil (18), the displacement signal of the insulating pull rod (12), the voltage signal of the closing capacitor C2, the voltage signal of the opening capacitor C1, and the magnetic flux signals of the moving and stationary magnetic cores in the closing state. The multi-dimensional operational data is compared with preset thresholds to automatically identify faults.

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