L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system and method. The system comprises an L-band phased array, an S-band phased array, a primary wave controller and a monitoring computer. The output end of the L-band phased array and the output end of the S-band phased array are connected with the input end of the first-stage wave controller. The input and output end of the first-stage wave controller is connected with the input and output end of the monitoring computer. According to the invention, only a small amount of special equipment is added in an original array plane monitoring and calibration system, and most of the special equipment is shared with original array plane equipment, so that extra hardware equipment expenditure is reduced, the integration level and reliability of the equipment are improved, and the hardware cost is reduced. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of rapidness, flexibility, high efficiency and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of phased array antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration, and particularly relates to an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system and method. Background Art

[0002] The signals of each unit in the array antenna cannot be completely consistent in amplitude and phase, and there are amplitude and phase errors. These errors have a serious impact on antenna gain, beam pointing, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to solve the problem of monitoring and calibrating the amplitude and phase errors of the antenna channel.

[0003] The common amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration methods for phased array transmitting antennas can be divided into two categories: "external monitoring" and "internal monitoring" according to the different paths of test signal injection.

[0004] The external monitoring method obtains the transmitted signal through an external antenna set in the near field or far field of the antenna array surface. The detection elements of the external monitoring method include the entire transmission process (including antenna elements, installation accuracy, etc.), and the monitored and calibrated values are closer to the true values; the number of devices is small, which can effectively reduce the cost, but it is limited by the use environment and cannot be carried out online in real time, and the monitoring and calibration process is complex.

[0005] The internal monitoring method directly couples the transmitted signal from the output end of the transmission channel through a coupler. The internal monitoring method has high reliability, can be carried out online in real time according to needs, the monitoring and calibration process is easy, and the accuracy is relatively high. The result of the internal monitoring and calibration does not include the antenna element, and there is a certain difference from the actual data.

[0006] In practical applications, the internal monitoring method is widely used. In the prior art, this method has the disadvantages of a large amount of equipment in the monitoring and calibration system, high cost, and poor real-time performance. Especially in the dual-band phased array antenna system, there is an urgent need for a high-integration, low-cost, and fast channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the problems and deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system and method, which adopts the internal monitoring scheme while improving the equipment integration and reliability, reducing the hardware cost, and can quickly complete the amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration processing of the internal transmission channel of the dual-band phased array.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system, including an L-band phased array transmitting array surface, an S-band phased array transmitting array surface, a first-level wave control, and a monitoring computer;

[0009] The output ends of the L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface are connected to the input end of a first-level wave control, and the input / output ends of the first-level wave control are connected to the input / output ends of a monitoring computer;

[0010] Both the L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface are provided with a signal generation unit, a second-level wave control, and n multi-channel transmitting components. The output ends of the signal generation unit are respectively connected to a feeding network and a calibration down-conversion unit. The output ends of the feeding network are respectively connected to the multi-channel transmitting components. The output ends of the multi-channel transmitting components are connected to the input end of a calibration channel selection switch. The output end of the calibration channel selection switch is connected to the input end of the calibration down-conversion unit. The output end of the calibration down-conversion unit is connected to the input end of the first-level wave control. The input / output ends of the second-level wave control are connected to the input / output ends of the first-level wave control. The output ends of the second-level wave control are respectively connected to the calibration channel selection switch and the multi-channel transmitting components.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the multi-channel transmitting components is respectively provided with m transmitting channels. Each of the transmitting channels is respectively provided with a signal coupler, an amplitude attenuator, and a phase shifter. Each of the multi-channel transmitting components is further provided with a multi-select-one switch. The output end of the coupler is connected to the input end of the multi-select-one switch. The output end of the multi-select-one switch is connected to the input end of the calibration channel selection switch.

[0012] Furthermore, the first-level wave control includes at least 4 AD acquisition modules. The input ends of the AD acquisition modules are connected to the output end of the calibration down-conversion unit. The input / output ends of the AD acquisition modules are connected to the input / output ends of an FPGA module. The input / output ends of the FPGA module are connected to the input / output ends of a DSP module.

[0013] Furthermore, the first-level wave control further includes a power / clock module, a first FLASH chip, a second FLASH chip, a DDR storage chip, an Ethernet interface circuit, and a wave control interface circuit. The input / output ends of the FPGA module are connected to the input / output ends of the first FLASH chip, the power / clock module, and the wave control interface circuit. The input / output ends of the DSP module are respectively connected to the input / output ends of the power / clock module, the second FLASH chip, the DDR storage chip, and the Ethernet interface circuit.

[0014] The present invention also lies in providing an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration method for an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration system as described in any one of the above items, which is characterized by including:

[0015] Step S1: The monitoring computer sets the excitation signal frequency point parameters of the signal generation unit, the local oscillator frequency parameters of the calibration down-conversion unit, and presets a calibration accuracy threshold;

[0016] Step S2: Configure the amplitude-phase parameters of the transmitting component;

[0017] Step S3: The signal generation unit generates a calibration excitation signal and a reference channel signal according to the preset frequency point parameters. The transmitting channel generates a calibration channel signal according to the calibration excitation signal. The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmitting channels, and preprocesses and calculates the reference channel signal and each calibration channel signal in turn to obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmitting channel;

[0018] Step S4: Obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmitting channel, select one transmitting channel as the reference channel, and perform normalization processing to calculate the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel;

[0019] Step S5: Determine whether the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel meet the requirements of the calibration accuracy threshold; if so, complete the amplitude-phase calibration of all transmitting channels in the phased array, if not, execute Step S6.

[0020] Step S6: The monitoring computer sends the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel to the multi-channel transmitting component, completes the amplitude-phase consistency compensation of each transmitting channel, and returns to execute Step S3.

[0021] Further, in Step S3, the method for the monitoring computer to control the switching of the transmitting channels, preprocess and calculate the reference channel signal and each calibration channel signal in turn to obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmitting channel is specifically as follows:

[0022] Step S31: Define the transmitting channel sequence as k, and initially k = 1;

[0023] Step S32: The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmitting channels. The calibration down-conversion unit obtains the reference channel signal and the k-th calibration channel signal, performs frequency conversion on the calibration channel signal and the reference channel signal according to the preset local oscillator frequency parameters, and outputs a calibration signal and a reference signal; The first-level wave control performs A / D sampling on the reference signal and the k-th calibration signal, and performs orthogonal transformation and DDC digital preprocessing;

[0024] Step S33: Calculate the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmitting channel using the FFT algorithm in the digital domain k , and the first-level wave control reports the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmitting channel to the monitoring computer in real time k ;

[0025] Step S34: Determine whether k = P, where P is the total number of transmitting channels, that is, P = m * n. If so, execute Step S35. If not, k = k + 1, and return to execute Step S32;

[0026] Step S35: The monitoring computer selects the q-th transmitting channel as the reference channel for normalization processing, and calculates the amplitude-phase error values between each other transmitting channel and the reference channel using complex division to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel in the phased array.

[0027] Further, it includes: In the step S33, the calculation method for calculating the amplitude-phase error value of the transmitting channel using the FFT algorithm is: Define the spectrum of the single-carrier calibration excitation signal output by the signal generation unit as c(w), then the signal spectrum of the k-th calibration channel received on the first-level wave control is expressed as:

[0028] s k (w) = α k (w)exp[jβ k (w)]*c(w);

[0029] where k = 1,..., P, P is the total number of transmitting channels, α k (W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, and β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel;

[0030] Define S0(w) as the spectrum of the reference signal, and calculate the amplitude-phase error value Γ k of the k-th calibration signal and the reference signal, and the formula is expressed as:

[0031]

[0032] where, S k (w) is the spectrum of the k-th calibration signal, S0(w) is the spectrum of the reference signal, α k (W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel, α0(w) represents the amplitude value of the reference signal, and β0(w) represents the initial phase value of the reference signal.

[0033] Further, in the step S4, the method for selecting one transmitting channel as the reference channel and calculating the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel through normalization processing is specifically:

[0034] Select the q-th transmitting channel as the reference channel, and calculate the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel in the phased array by using complex division for the amplitude-phase error values between each other transmitting channel and the reference channel. The specific formula is expressed as:

[0035]

[0036] where k = 1, 2, 3..., P, Γ q represents the amplitude-phase error value of the q-th transmitting channel, Γk It represents the amplitude-phase error value of the k-th transmitting channel, and the modulus and phase of the Φk are the amplitude-phase compensation values of the k-th transmitting channel.

[0037] The present invention makes full use of the hardware devices of the antenna array surface itself. The array surface monitoring and calibration system only adds a small number of special devices to achieve the amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration functions of the L / S dual-band phased array, reducing the expenditure on additional hardware devices, improving the integration and reliability of the device itself, and reducing the hardware cost; through the high-performance real-time processing architecture of the first-level wave control FPGA + DSP, it can quickly complete the monitoring and calibration calculation processing tasks in the digital domain, solving the problem of poor real-time performance in the internal monitoring and calibration process existing in the prior art; during calibration, by presetting the difference threshold between the signal amplitude of the transmitting channel and the signal amplitude of the reference channel, it can monitor the fault status of each transmitting channel of the phased array antenna; the amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration processing flows of the L and S band phased array surfaces are parallel and independent, the monitoring and calibration channel range can be set flexibly, and according to the working needs, the monitoring and calibration can be carried out separately or simultaneously, and the processing process is flexible and efficient. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 is the hardware block diagram of the array surface monitoring and calibration system provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 is the hardware principle block diagram of the first-level wave control provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 3 is the flow chart of the array surface channel amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration method provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0041] Embodiment 1

[0042] This embodiment aims to provide an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration system, including an L-band phased array transmitting array surface, an S-band phased array transmitting array surface, a first-level wave control, and a monitoring computer.

[0043] The output ends of the L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface are connected to the input end of the first-level wave control, and the input-output ends of the first-level wave control are connected to the input-output ends of the monitoring computer.

[0044] The L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface have the same structure. Taking the L-band phased array transmitting array surface as an example, the L-band phased array transmitting array surface is internally provided with an L-band signal generating unit, an L-band second-level wave control, an L-band calibration channel selection switch, and n L-band multi-channel transmitting components.

[0045] The output end of the L-band signal generation unit is respectively connected to the feeding network and the L-band calibration down-conversion unit. The output end of the feeding network is respectively connected to n L-band multi-channel transmitting components. The L-band signal generation unit can generate two corresponding frequency signals according to the preset excitation signal frequency point parameters. One is used as the calibration excitation signal, which is connected to the L-band multi-channel transmitting components through the feeding network. The feeding network is used to realize the distribution and transmission of the transmitted signal among multiple transmitting components. The other is used as the reference channel signal and is connected to the calibration down-conversion unit.

[0046] Each L-band multi-channel transmitting component is provided with m transmitting channels, and there are a total of P transmitting channels in the L-band phased array, that is, P = n * m. Each transmitting channel is respectively provided with a signal coupler, an amplitude attenuator and a phase shifter. Each L-band multi-channel transmitting component is also respectively provided with a multi-selector switch. By setting the multi-selector switch and the coupler, the number of calibration signal channels can be effectively reduced, and the equipment scale can be reduced. The output end of the coupler is connected to the input end of the multi-selector switch, and the output end of the multi-selector switch is connected to the L-band calibration channel selection switch unit. The multi-selector switch and the calibration channel selection switch unit are used to switch and select different transmitting channel paths. Through the secondary design, it can be avoided that the hardware frequently switches during normal operation and affects the accuracy.

[0047] The L-band calibration channel selection switch unit is used to switch the transmitting channel according to the instruction of the L-band secondary beam control. The output end of the L-band calibration channel selection switch unit is connected to the L-band calibration down-conversion unit.

[0048] The L-band calibration down-conversion unit can generate the corresponding local oscillator signal according to the preset calibration down-conversion local oscillator parameters, and complete the signal processing work such as mixing and filtering, and frequency conversion of the calibration channel signal and the reference channel signal. The output end of the L-band calibration down-conversion unit is connected to the input end of the primary beam control.

[0049] The L-band secondary wave control further precisely adjusts the phase and amplitude compensation of each transmission channel and controls the calibration channel selection switch on the basis of the primary wave control. The input and output ends of the L-band secondary wave control are connected to the input and output ends of the primary wave control. The output end of the L-band secondary wave control is respectively connected to the L-band calibration channel selection switch and the L-band multi-channel transmission module. A calibration channel selection switch control interface is integrated in the secondary wave control, and the L-band multi-channel transmission module and the L-band calibration channel selection switch are controlled through the RS422 interface. Preferably, if there are a large number of L-band multi-channel transmission modules in the L-band phased array, the primary wave control can load multiple L-band secondary wave controls through optical fibers, and multiple L-band secondary wave controls respectively control the calibration channel selection switch and several L-band multi-channel transmission modules through the RS422 interface. By setting several L-band secondary wave controls, the control tasks of a large number of L-band multi-channel transmission modules are respectively assigned to multiple secondary wave controls to achieve distributed control, making the system architecture more reasonable and easy to manage and maintain.

[0050] The S-band phased array is also provided with an S-band signal generation unit, an S-band secondary wave control, an S-band calibration channel selection switch, an S-band calibration down-conversion unit and n S-band multi-channel transmission modules. The internal structure and its connection relationship of the S-band phased array are the same as those of the L-band phased array, and the only difference is that the L-band phased array is used to generate L-band electromagnetic waves, while the S-band phased array is used to generate S-band electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the internal structure of the S-band phased array will not be described in detail here.

[0051] The first-level wave control needs to have the functions of wave control code calculation and channel amplitude-phase error calculation and processing at the same time. The first-level wave control board uses an FPGA+DSP processing architecture. Specifically, the first-level wave control includes at least 4 AD acquisition modules. The input ends of the AD acquisition modules are connected to the output ends of the L-band calibration down-conversion unit and the S-band calibration down-conversion unit, and can simultaneously complete the band-pass sampling of the L-band calibration signal, the reference signal, the S-band calibration signal, and the reference signal. The input and output ends of the AD acquisition module are connected to the input and output ends of the FPGA module. The input and output ends of the FPGA module and the input and output ends of the DSP module are connected through an EMIF interface. The FPGA module uses a JFM7VX690T36 chip, which has a large number of algorithm processing units and I / O interfaces, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of amplitude-phase monitoring calibration processing and beam control operation; the DSP module uses an FT6678 chip, which has multi-core parallel processing capabilities. The first-level wave control also includes a power / clock module, a first FLASH chip, a second FLASH chip, a DDR memory chip, an Ethernet interface circuit, and a wave control interface circuit. The input and output ends of the FPGA module are connected to the input and output ends of the first FLASH chip, the power / clock module, and the wave control interface circuit. The input and output ends of the DSP module are connected to the input and output ends of the power / clock module, the second FLASH chip, the DDR memory chip, and the Ethernet interface circuit. Among them, the first FLASH chip and the second FLASH chip of the first-level wave control are used to record and save the amplitude-phase compensation values of the emission channels of multiple frequency points. In normal operation, the first-level wave control calls the amplitude-phase compensation values of the emission channels of the corresponding frequency points in real time according to the preset frequency point parameters, and realizes the calibration function of the amplitude-phase consistency of the dual-band antenna array channels through the amplitude-phase control of the emission components.

[0052] In this embodiment, based on the original phased array device, only a small number of hardware devices such as signal couplers, multi-select switches, L-band calibration channel selection switches, S-band calibration channel selection switches, L-band calibration down-conversion units, and S-band calibration down-conversion units are added. A large number of L-band signal generation units, S-band signal generation units, L-band phased array feed networks, S-band phased array feed networks, L-band emission channels, and S-band emission channels are shared with the original equipment. There is no need to re-design the system architecture and wiring on a large scale. Only the newly added small number of hardware devices need to be reasonably connected and integrated with the original equipment, effectively reducing the complexity of system integration. And by integrating signal couplers and multi-select switches inside the L-band multi-channel emission component and the S-band multi-channel emission component, the number of calibration signal channels is effectively reduced. By adding circuits such as AD sampling modules and control interfaces in the first-level wave control, dedicated calibration calculation processing units are saved, the equipment integration degree is improved, and the equipment scale is reduced.

[0053] Embodiment 2

[0054] This embodiment is about a method for amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration of the L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channels, which is used for the amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration system of the L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna described in Embodiment 1 above. Since the internal structures and their connection relationships of the S-band phased array and the L-band phased array are the same, and their working principles and amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration methods are also the same, the amplitude-phase calibration method of the L-band phased array transmitting antenna channel is taken as an example for illustration here.

[0055] The amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration method of the L-band phased array transmitting antenna channel includes:

[0056] Step S1: The monitoring computer sets the excitation signal frequency point parameters of the L-band signal generation unit, the local oscillator frequency parameters of the L-band calibration down-conversion unit, and presets the calibration accuracy threshold.

[0057] Specifically, by setting the excitation signal frequency point parameters of the L-band signal generation unit, the L-band signal generation unit generates two signals according to the preset frequency point parameters. One is used as the calibration excitation transmission signal and is connected to the L-band multi-channel transmission component through the feeding network; the other is used as the reference channel signal and is connected to the L-band calibration down-conversion unit.

[0058] By setting the local oscillator frequency parameters of the L-band calibration down-conversion unit, the L-band calibration down-conversion unit can adjust the center frequencies of both the L-band reference channel signal and the L-band calibration channel signal to 140 MHz.

[0059] In this embodiment, the calibration accuracy threshold is preset as the amplitude threshold of 0.5 dB and the phase threshold of 5.625°.

[0060] Step S2: Configure the initial amplitude-phase parameters of the transmission component.

[0061] Specifically, the monitoring computer configures the amplitude-phase parameters of the L-band transmission component channels. Through the wave control device, the amplitude attenuation value of each transmission channel of each transmission component in the phased array is configured to 0 dB, and the phase value is configured to 0 degrees.

[0062] Step S3: The signal generation unit generates a calibration excitation signal and a reference channel signal according to the preset frequency point parameters. The transmission channel generates a calibration channel signal according to the calibration excitation signal. The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmission channels, and preprocesses and calculates the reference channel signal and each calibration channel signal in turn to obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmission channel.

[0063] Specifically, in step S31, as described in Embodiment 1, there are n L-band multi-channel transmitting components in the L-band phased array. Each L-band multi-channel transmitting component is respectively provided with m transmitting channels, with a total of P transmitting channels, where P = n * m. Define the transmitting channel sequence as k, and initially k = 1, which represents the first transmitting channel.

[0064] Step S32: The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmitting channels, calibrates the down-conversion unit to obtain the reference channel signal and the k-th calibration channel signal, and performs frequency conversion on the calibration channel signal and the reference channel signal according to the preset local oscillator frequency parameters and outputs the calibration signal and the reference signal; the first-level beam control performs A / D sampling on the reference signal and the k-th calibration signal, and performs orthogonal transformation and DDC digital preprocessing;

[0065] Specifically, the monitoring computer outputs a control instruction. By controlling the L-band calibration channel selection switch and the multiplexer switch, the L-band calibration down-conversion unit obtains the L-band reference channel signal and the k-th calibration channel signal. The L-band calibration down-conversion unit completes signal processing operations such as mixing, filtering, and frequency conversion on the L-band calibration channel signal and the reference channel signal according to the preset local oscillator frequency parameters, and outputs the adjusted L-band calibration signal and the L-band reference signal to the first-level beam control for processing and calculation. The orthogonal transformation and DDC (Digital Downconverter) are conventional technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0066] Step S33: Calculate the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmitting channel using the FFT algorithm in the digital domain k , and the first-level beam control reports the amplitude-phase error value Γ of each transmitting channel to the monitoring computer in real time. k

[0067] Specifically, in step S33, the calculation method of calculating the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmitting channel using the FFT algorithm is as follows: k

[0068] Set the FFT operation length to 4096 points. According to spectral peak search, define the spectrum of the single-carrier calibration excitation signal output by the signal generation unit as c(w), then the spectrum of the k-th calibration signal received on the first-level beam control is expressed as:

[0069] s k (w) = α k (w)exp[jβ k (w)] * c(w);

[0070] where k = 1, 2, 3..., P, and P is the total number of transmitting channels; j is the imaginary part of the complex number, and α k(W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel.

[0071] Define S0(w) as the spectrum of the reference signal, and calculate the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmit channel for the k-th calibration signal and the reference signal k , which is expressed by the formula:

[0072]

[0073] where S k (w) is the spectrum of the k-th calibration signal, S0(w) is the spectrum of the reference signal, α k (W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel, α0(w) represents the amplitude value of the reference signal, and β0(w) represents the initial phase value of the reference signal. The first-level wave control will report the calculated amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmit channel k to the monitoring computer.

[0074] Step S34: Determine whether k = P, where P is the total number of transmit channels (i.e., P = m * n). If so, execute step S4. If not, k = k + 1, and return to execute step S32;

[0075] Specifically, initially k = 1. After calculating the amplitude-phase error value of the first transmit channel, determine whether k is equal to P. If not, it means that the amplitude-phase error values of all transmit channels in the L-band phased array have not been traversed and calculated yet. Set k = k + 1, and return to execute step S32, that is, calculate the amplitude-phase error value of the second transmit channel; after multiple loops until k is equal to P, it means that the amplitude-phase error values of all transmit channels in the L-band phased array have been traversed and calculated, and execute step S4.

[0076] Step S4: Obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmit channel, select one transmit channel as the reference channel, and calculate the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmit channel through normalization processing.

[0077] Specifically, the monitoring computer selects the q-th transmit channel as the reference channel for normalization processing, and uses complex division to calculate the amplitude-phase error values of other each transmit channel and the reference channel respectively to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmit channel; select the q-th transmit channel as the reference channel for normalization processing, where q ∈ 1, 2, 3,..., P. In this embodiment, select the first transmit channel as the reference channel, that is, q = 1, and use complex division to calculate the amplitude-phase error values of other each transmit channel and the reference channel respectively to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmit channel. The specific formula is expressed as:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, k = 1, 2, 3... P; Γ1 represents the amplitude-phase error value of the first transmission channel, and Γ k represents the amplitude-phase error value of the k-th transmission channel, and the modulus and phase of the Φk are the amplitude-phase compensation values of the transmission channel. The first-level wave control records and stores the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel monitored under the current frequency point parameters.

[0080] It should be noted that in step S4, the amplitude-phase error values of other transmission channels except the reference channel are successively calculated with the amplitude-phase error value of the reference channel. The principle of the method of successively selecting the transmission channels is the same as that of step S3, and the only difference is that since the first transmission channel is selected as the reference channel, the initial k is defined as 2, and the calculation starts from the second transmission channel successively.

[0081] Step S5: Determine whether the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel all meet the calibration accuracy threshold requirements; if so, complete the calibration of the amplitude and phase of all transmission channels in the phased array, and if not, execute step S6.

[0082] Specifically, if the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel in this round all meet the calibration accuracy threshold requirements, it means that the compensation in the previous round has met the requirements, and the amplitude-phase compensation values in this round do not need to be sent again to adjust the amplitude attenuator and phase shifter in the transmission channel. If the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel in this round still do not meet the calibration accuracy threshold requirements, it means that the compensation in the previous round cannot meet the accuracy adjustment of the transmission channel, and continue to use the

[0083] Step S6: The monitoring computer sends the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel to the multi-channel transmission component to complete the amplitude-phase consistency compensation of each transmission channel, and then returns to execute step S3.

[0084] The monitoring computer sends the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmission channel to the multi-channel transmission component to adjust the amplitude attenuator and phase shifter in the transmission component.

[0085] Furthermore, in step S6, it also includes: preset a difference threshold. If the difference obtained by subtracting the calibration signal amplitude of other transmission channels from the calibration signal amplitude of the reference channel is greater than the difference threshold, the transmission channel of this calibration signal is determined as a faulty channel, and the monitoring computer outputs an alarm message.

[0086] In the application test, the amplitude-phase calibration processing time of a single transmission channel is within 50 ms, the measured single-round calibration processing time of 200 array elements is within 12 seconds, and the complete 4-round monitoring and calibration processing time for a single frequency point is within 50 seconds. The time response of the present invention is fast, and the data processing rate is extremely high, solving the problem of poor real-time performance in the monitoring and calibration process in the prior art.

[0087] When the system needs to work at multiple frequencies, it is necessary to complete the amplitude-phase calibration process at different frequencies. The first-level beam control needs to store the amplitude-phase compensation values of multiple frequency channels. During normal operation, the first-level beam control calls the corresponding amplitude-phase compensation values of the transmitting channels in real time according to the frequency point parameters, and realizes the amplitude-phase consistency calibration function of the dual-band antenna array channels through the amplitude-phase control of the transmitting components.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that: in the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, since the structures of the L-band phased array and the S-band phased array are the same, in the full text description, the L phased array is taken as an example to describe the internal structure composition, the structural connection relationship of the L-band phased array, and the amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration method of the L-band phased array transmitting antenna channels, without separately elaborating on the internal structure composition, the structural connection relationship of the S-band phased array, and the amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration method of the L-band phased array transmitting antenna channels.

[0089] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system, characterized in that, It includes an L-band phased array transmitting array surface, an S-band phased array transmitting array surface, a primary wave control, and a monitoring computer; The output ends of the L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface are connected to the input end of the primary wave control, and the input / output ends of the primary wave control are connected to the input / output ends of the monitoring computer; Both the L-band phased array transmitting array surface and the S-band phased array transmitting array surface are provided with a signal generation unit, a secondary wave control, and n multi-channel transmitting components. The output end of the signal generation unit is respectively connected to a feeding network and a calibration down-conversion unit. The output end of the feeding network is respectively connected to the multi-channel transmitting components. The output end of the multi-channel transmitting components is connected to the input end of a calibration channel selection switch. The output end of the calibration channel selection switch is connected to the input end of the calibration down-conversion unit. The output end of the calibration down-conversion unit is connected to the input end of the primary wave control. The input / output ends of the secondary wave control are connected to the input / output ends of the primary wave control. The output end of the secondary wave control is respectively connected to the calibration channel selection switch and the multi-channel transmitting components.

2. The amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system for the L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channels according to claim 1, wherein Each of the multi-channel transmitting components is respectively provided with m transmitting channels. Each of the transmitting channels is respectively provided with a signal coupler, an amplitude attenuator, and a phase shifter. Each of the multi-channel transmitting components is also provided with a multiple-choice switch. The output end of the coupler is connected to the input end of the multiple-choice switch. The output end of the multiple-choice switch is connected to the input end of the calibration channel selection switch.

3. A channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system for an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary wave control includes at least 4 AD acquisition modules. The input end of the AD acquisition module is connected to the output end of the calibration down-conversion unit. The input / output ends of the AD acquisition module are connected to the input / output ends of an FPGA module. The input / output ends of the FPGA module are connected to the input / output ends of a DSP module.

4. An L / S dual-band phased array transmit antenna channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system according to claim 3, characterized in that The primary wave control also includes a power / clock module, a first FLASH chip, a second FLASH chip, a DDR memory chip, an Ethernet interface circuit, and a wave control interface circuit. The input / output ends of the FPGA module are connected to the input / output ends of the first FLASH chip, the power / clock module, and the wave control interface circuit. The input / output ends of the DSP module are respectively connected to the input / output ends of the power / clock module, the second FLASH chip, the DDR memory chip, and the Ethernet interface circuit.

5. A channel amplitude and phase monitoring and calibration system for an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that A plurality of secondary wave controls are provided, and their output ends are respectively connected to the input ends of different multi-channel transmitting components.

6. A method for amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration of L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channels, which is used for an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration system as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes: Step S1: The monitoring computer sets the excitation signal frequency point parameters of the signal generation unit, the local oscillator frequency parameters of the calibration down-conversion unit, and presets a calibration accuracy threshold; Step S2: Configure the amplitude and phase initial value parameters of the transmitting components; Step S3: The signal generation unit generates a calibration excitation signal and a reference channel signal according to the preset frequency point parameters. The transmitting channel generates a calibration channel signal according to the calibration excitation signal. The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmitting channels, and preprocesses and calculates the reference channel signal and each calibration channel signal in turn to obtain the amplitude and phase error values of each transmitting channel; Step S4: Obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmitting channel, select one transmitting channel as the reference channel, and perform normalization processing to calculate the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel; Step S5: Determine whether the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel meet the requirements of the calibration accuracy threshold; if so, complete the amplitude-phase calibration of all transmitting channels in the phased array, if not, execute Step S6; Step S6: The monitoring computer sends the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel to the multi-channel transmitting component, completes the amplitude-phase consistency compensation of each transmitting channel, and returns to execute Step S3.

7. A method for amplitude-phase monitoring and calibration of an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel according to claim 6, characterized in that In Step S3, the method for the monitoring computer to control the switching of the transmitting channel, preprocess and calculate the reference channel signal and each calibration channel signal in sequence to obtain the amplitude-phase error values of each transmitting channel is specifically as follows: Step S31: Define the transmitting channel sequence as k, and initially k = 1; Step S32: The monitoring computer controls the switching of the transmitting channel, and the calibration down-conversion unit obtains the reference channel signal and the k-th calibration channel signal, and performs frequency conversion on the calibration channel signal and the reference channel signal according to the preset local oscillator frequency parameter and outputs the calibration signal and the reference signal; The first-level wave control performs A / D sampling on the reference signal and the k-th calibration signal, and performs orthogonal transformation and DDC digital preprocessing; Step S33: Calculate the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmit channel using the FFT algorithm in the digital domain k , and the primary wave control reports the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the transmit channel to the monitoring computer in real time k ; Step S34: Determine whether k = P, where P is the total number of transmitting channels, P = m * n. If so, execute Step S4. If not, k = k + 1, and return to execute Step S32.

8. A method for monitoring and calibrating the amplitude and phase of an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the step S33, the amplitude-phase error value Γ of the k-th transmission channel is calculated by using the FFT algorithm k The calculation method is as follows: Define the spectrum of the single-carrier calibration excitation signal output by the signal generation unit as c(w), then the spectrum of the k-th calibration signal received by the first-stage wave control is expressed as: s k (w) = α k (w) exp[jβ k (w)] * c(w); where k = 1, …, P, P being the total number of transmit channels, α k (W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel; Define \(S_0(w)\) as the spectrum of the reference signal, and calculate the amplitude-phase error value \(\Gamma\) of the \(k\)-th transmit channel for the \(k\)-th calibration signal and the reference signal k , which is expressed by the formula: Among them, S k (w) is the spectrum of the k-th calibration signal, S0(w) is the spectrum of the reference signal, and α k (W) represents the amplitude error value of the k-th calibration channel, and β k (w) represents the phase error value of the k-th calibration channel, α0(w) represents the amplitude value of the reference signal, and β0(w) represents the initial phase value of the reference signal.

9. A method for monitoring and calibrating the amplitude and phase of an L / S dual-band phased array transmitting antenna channel according to claim 6, characterized in that In the said Step S4, the method for selecting one transmitting channel as the reference channel and performing normalization processing to calculate the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel is specifically as follows: Select the q-th transmitting channel as the reference channel, and use complex division to calculate the amplitude-phase error values of each other transmitting channel and the reference channel to obtain the amplitude-phase compensation values of each transmitting channel in the phased array. The specific formula is expressed as: where k = 1, 2, 3…, P, Γ q represents the amplitude-phase error value of the q-th transmission channel, Γ k represents the amplitude-phase error value of the k-th transmission channel, and the modulus and phase of the Φk are the amplitude-phase compensation values of the k-th transmission channel.

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