Ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method, which comprises the following steps that a sensor with a 3PIN structure is adopted, one PIN is fixedly defined as a power supply positive and a DSI3 bus interface, any one or two of the other two PINs is defined as a power supply negative, and when only one PIN is defined as the power supply negative, the other PIN is defined as a DSI3 bus interface; the remaining PINs can be arbitrarily defined as a power supply positive interface, a DSI3 bus interface or suspended; the connection state of the other two PINs is dynamically identified through an internal detection circuit, and seven unique IDs are generated after each sensor is powered on by combining the polarity of a power supply and binding of a bus interface. Based on a 3PIN sensor structure, automatic identification and positioning of a sensor ID are realized through a flexible pin connection method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ultrasonic radar systems, and particularly to a positioning method for an ultrasonic radar communication bus. Background Art

[0002] The early ultrasonic radar systems were generally structured in the following way (taking a system with 12 ultrasonic sensors as an example):

[0003] As Figure 1 shown, the communication between the controller and the sensor is point-to-point communication, that is, 1 sensor is connected to 1 controller through 1 wire to achieve communication control.

[0004] With the development of technology and the improvement of requirements, the amount of data transmitted by the new ultrasonic radar system has increased significantly. Many solutions adopt bus solutions such as DSI3 and PSI5 to achieve communication between the controller and the sensor. Such bus methods mainly have two structures:

[0005] Structure 1:

[0006] If the previous point-to-point communication is still adopted, then each sensor and the controller communicate through 1 bus (such as DSI3, PSI5, etc.). For a system with 12 sensors, 12 buses are required to connect to the controller. And for bus communication, a Master chip at the controller end is needed. If each Master has 2-channel bus communication, a 12-sensor ultrasonic radar system requires 6 Masters, and the cost of each Master is quite high, which will result in a high cost of the ultrasonic radar system.

[0007] To save the number of Masters (main control chips) and reduce the system cost, generally, multiple sensors are connected in parallel on the bus. For example, if 6 sensors are connected in parallel on 1 bus and 1 Master has 2-channel bus, then the entire 12-sensor radar system only needs 1 Master, and the system cost is greatly reduced. However, when 6 identical sensors are connected in parallel on the bus, since their IDs are the same and the data on the bus is broadcast, it is impossible to achieve which sensor the data on the bus is sent to and which sensor needs to respond to the bus instruction. To solve this problem, generally, 6 power supplies are used to control 6 sensors respectively. When powering on, the corresponding sensor power is turned on respectively and its ID is configured. After the configuration is completed, the next sensor power is turned on and its ID is configured, and so on to complete the configuration of all sensor IDs. Once all sensor IDs are configured, the controller can achieve which sensor to send instructions to on the bus and which sensor needs to respond to the controller instruction, etc.

[0008] Of course, the above is the case where one Master comes with a 2-channel bus and 6 sensors are connected to each bus. If 3 sensors are connected to one bus, then a total of 2 Masters and 3 controller power supplies are required, and so on. The principle is the same. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 as shown

[0009] The above structure is a commonly used solution at present. Although the number of Masters is reduced, the ID control power supply circuit is increased, such as Figure 2 SW1 - SW6 shown as follows, which is a bit of a pity

[0010] Structure Two:

[0011] The sensors in Structure One only require a 3-PIN structure. If a 4-PIN structure is used, the following daisy-chain structure can be adopted:

[0012] As Figure 4 shown, each sensor is cascaded. One Master chip comes with two DSI3 buses, and 6 or more sensors are cascaded on each bus. The advantage of this structure is that the SW1 - SW6 power supply circuit is not required, and each sensor locates its ID by cascading. For example, the first sensor is defaulted to ID1, the second sensor is defaulted to ID2, and so on. The disadvantage is that due to cascading, when one sensor fails, the subsequent sensors cannot work properly, and it is impossible to accurately know whether the subsequent sensors are faulty, that is, the fault location cannot be accurately located, only the position of the first faulty sensor is known.

[0013] In summary, both of the above two conventional ultrasonic radar system structures have their own deficiencies. Structure One requires a power supply circuit for positioning, increasing the cost. In Structure Two, when one sensor fails, the subsequent sensors cannot work properly and it is impossible to accurately locate whether the subsequent sensors are faulty. To solve the above two deficiencies, the present invention is thus proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0014] In view of this, to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to propose an ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method, which can solve the problems such as high cost and inaccurate fault location caused by the dependence of sensor ID configuration on an additional power supply circuit or a daisy-chain structure in the prior art.

[0015] The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0016] An ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method, which includes the following steps:

[0017] A sensor with a 3PIN structure, where one PIN is fixedly defined as the positive power supply and the DSI3 bus interface, and any one or two of the other two PINs are defined as the negative power supply. When only one PIN is defined as the negative power supply, the remaining PIN can be arbitrarily defined as the positive power supply, the DSI3 bus interface, or floating.

[0018] The internal detection circuit dynamically identifies the connection states of the other two PINs, and combines the power supply polarity and the bus interface binding to generate seven unique IDs for each sensor after power-on.

[0019] Furthermore, the internal detection circuit includes a diode, a voltage-dividing resistor, and an analog-to-digital conversion module for detecting the states of the negative power supply pin and the bus interface.

[0020] Furthermore, the 3PIN connection combinations include the following seven:

[0021] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = VCC;

[0022] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = GND;

[0023] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = floating;

[0024] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = DSI3;

[0025] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = VCC, PIN3 = GND;

[0026] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = floating, PIN3 = GND;

[0027] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = DSI3, PIN3 = GND.

[0028] Furthermore, the DSI3 bus interface adopts the Power mode, integrating the functions of signal and power transmission.

[0029] Furthermore, the internal circuit of the sensor is integrated in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0030] Furthermore, the floating state generates an intermediate-level signal through a voltage-dividing resistor to distinguish the negative power supply from the bus interface state.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] The present invention realizes sensor self - positioning through flexible pin connection methods, without the need for additional power supply circuits or cascade structures. It takes both cost and reliability into account, solves the problems of high cost and difficult fault location caused by power supply circuits or cascade structures in the prior art, and realizes automatic identification and positioning of sensors with low cost and high reliability. Description of the Drawings

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of point - to - point communication between the controller and the sensor.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a Master with a 2 - channel bus and 6 sensors connected in parallel to each bus.

[0035] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of 2 Masters and 3 - way controller power supply.

[0036] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a daisy - chain structure where each sensor is cascaded and a Master chip has two DSI3 buses.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic circuit diagram of the present invention where the power negative can be arbitrarily connected from 2PINs. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. However, the uses and purposes of these exemplary embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, and do not constitute any form of limitation on the actual protection scope of the present invention, nor limit the protection scope of the present invention thereto.

[0039] A method for positioning an ultrasonic radar communication bus of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0040] A sensor with a 3PIN structure is used. One PIN is fixedly defined as the positive power supply and the DSI3 bus interface, and any one or two of the other two PINs are defined as the negative power supply. When only one PIN is defined as the negative power supply, the remaining PIN can be arbitrarily defined as the positive power supply, the DSI3 bus interface, or left floating;

[0041] The connection states of the other two PINs are dynamically identified through an internal detection circuit. Combining the power supply polarity and the bus interface binding, seven unique IDs are generated for each sensor after power - on.

[0042] Furthermore, the internal detection circuit includes diodes, voltage - dividing resistors, and an analog - to - digital conversion module for detecting the states of the negative power supply pin and the bus interface.

[0043] Furthermore, the 3PIN connection combinations include the following seven:

[0044] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = VCC;

[0045] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = GND;

[0046] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = floating;

[0047] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = DSI3;

[0048] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = VCC, PIN3 = GND;

[0049] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = floating, PIN3 = GND;

[0050] PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = DSI3, PIN3 = GND.

[0051] As a specific implementation manner, the DSI3 bus interface adopts the Power mode and integrates the signal and power transmission functions.

[0052] As a specific implementation manner, the internal circuit of the sensor is integrated in the application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0053] As a specific implementation manner, the floating state generates an intermediate level signal through a voltage dividing resistor, which is used to distinguish the power negative and the bus interface state.

[0054] Specifically, for the present invention:

[0055] 1. Adopt the 3PIN sensor of Structure 1;

[0056] 2. The positive power supply fixed PIN pin remains unchanged, and the negative power supply can be arbitrarily connected from the other two pins;

[0057] 3. Each PIN has an internal ID positioning function;

[0058] 4. From the above, theoretically there can be at most 7 ID definitions; see Table 1 below:

[0059] Table 1

[0060] PIN1 PIN2 PIN3 Remark + / DSI3 － + ID1 + / DSI3 － － ID2 + / DSI3 － NO ID3 + / DSI3 － DSI3 ID4 + / DSI3 + － ID5 + / DSI3 NO － ID6 + / DSI3 DSI3 － ID7

[0061] 5. The principle that the negative power supply can be arbitrarily connected from the other two pins:

[0062] The DSI3 bus has two definitions: Signal and Power.

[0063] Signal: The signal line and the power line are separated. At this time, the ultrasonic sensor should adopt a 3PIN structure, which is mainly this application in the current market;

[0064] Power: The signal line and the power line are the same line, and communication can be achieved with only two lines.

[0065] From the above, if a 3PIN structure is adopted, the redundant PIN can be used for positioning. At the same time, the power negative and the PIN for ID positioning can be interchanged to achieve 7 positioning methods in theory.

[0066] See Figure 5 As shown, PIN1 remains fixed, and the power supply can be connected to PIN2 or PIN3 respectively to achieve positioning of different IDs, as shown in Table 1 above.

[0067] When the power negative is connected to PIN2, PIN3 is used as the ID positioning pin, and there are 4 positioning methods;

[0068] When the power negative is connected to PIN3, PIN2 is used as the ID positioning pin, and there are 3 positioning methods;

[0069] The above method does not require ASIC cooperation in development and design, as long as DSI3 is in the Power mode.

[0070] The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method of the present invention is based on a 3PIN sensor structure, and realizes automatic identification and positioning of the sensor ID by flexibly configuring the pin connection method. The specific working process is as follows:

[0071] 1. Sensor hardware initialization

[0072] Power supply and bus access:

[0073] The sensor adopts a 3PIN structure, where:

[0074] PIN1: Fixedly defined as the positive power supply (VCC) and the DSI3 bus interface (integrating signal and power functions).

[0075] PIN2, PIN3: Can be flexibly defined as the power negative (GND), the DSI3 bus interface or floating (NO).

[0076] For example:

[0077] PIN1: VCC + DSI3, PIN2: GND, PIN3: floating;

[0078] PIN1: VCC + DSI3, PIN2: DSI3, PIN3: GND.

[0079] Internal detection circuit configuration:

[0080] Inside the sensor, there are diodes (D1 - D3), analog - to - digital conversion modules (AD1 - AD2), and a power - supply polarity identification circuit, which are used to dynamically allocate the functions of pins:

[0081] Diodes: Ensure the correct direction of the current and avoid incorrect power - supply polarity.

[0082] Analog - to - digital conversion modules: Detect the voltage status of each pin and determine its function (power - negative, bus, or floating).

[0083] 2. ID Detection and Function Allocation

[0084] Power - supply polarity identification:

[0085] After the sensor is powered on, the current flows through PIN1 (fixed power - positive) to the ASIC chip, and the connection methods of PIN2 and PIN3 are detected:

[0086] If PIN2 is power - negative, the current path is: PIN1 → D1 → VCC → ASIC → GND → D2 → PIN2.

[0087] If PIN3 is power - negative, the current path is: PIN1 → D1 → VCC → ASIC → GND → D3 → PIN3.

[0088] Bus interface and floating detection:

[0089] The PIN (PIN2 or PIN3) not defined as power - negative is detected for its status through the analog - to - digital conversion module:

[0090] Connected to the DSI3 bus: Detect the bus - protocol level signal (such as differential signal).

[0091] Floating (NO): Detect the intermediate level (achieved through a voltage - dividing resistor).

[0092] ID generation and feedback:

[0093] The controller broadcasts initialization instructions through the bus. Each sensor generates seven unique IDs (ID1 - ID7) according to the connection combination of PIN2 and PIN3 and feeds them back to the controller through the bus.

[0094] 3. Controller Communication and Instruction Execution

[0095] Address mapping:

[0096] The controller establishes a sensor address table according to the received ID, such as Table 2:

[0097] Table 2

[0098] Sensor position ID Connection combination (PIN1 - PIN3) Left front radar ID1 VCC + DSI3, GND, VCC Right front radar ID5 VCC + DSI3, VCC, GND

[0099] Target instruction transmission:

[0100] The controller sends an instruction (such as triggering ultrasonic ranging) to the sensor with a specific ID through the bus. The target sensor responds to the instruction, and other sensors remain silent.

[0101] 4. Fault diagnosis and system expansion

[0102] Fault location:

[0103] If a certain sensor does not respond, the controller directly reads its ID to accurately locate the fault position (such as "Sensor ID3 is faulty"), without the need for cascaded troubleshooting.

[0104] Hot-swap support:

[0105] After a new sensor is connected to the bus, it automatically completes ID recognition and registers to the controller when powered on, realizing plug-and-play.

[0106] 5. ASIC integration optimization (optional)

[0107] Detection circuits (such as diodes and voltage-dividing resistors) can be integrated into the sensor-specific chip (ASIC), reducing the number of external components, lowering costs, and improving reliability.

[0108] Example of the working process

[0109] Take the automotive reverse radar system as an example:

[0110] System power-on: Seven sensors are connected in parallel to the same DSI3 bus.

[0111] ID self-identification:

[0112] Sensor A: PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = floating → Generate ID3.

[0113] Sensor B: PIN1 = VCC + DSI3, PIN2 = DSI3, PIN3 = GND → Generate ID7.

[0114] Controller mapping: ID3 corresponds to the left rear radar, and ID7 corresponds to the right front radar.

[0115] Instruction execution: The controller sends a ranging instruction to ID3, and the left rear radar triggers the ultrasonic wave and returns the data.

[0116] Fault handling: If ID7 does not respond, the controller directly prompts "Right front radar is faulty".

[0117] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of the feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Adopt a sensor with a 3PIN structure, where one PIN is fixedly defined as the positive power supply and the DSI 3 bus interface, and any one or two of the other two PINs are defined as the negative power supply. When only one PIN is defined as the negative power supply, the remaining PIN can be arbitrarily defined as the positive power supply, the DSI 3 bus interface, or floating; Dynamically identify the connection status of the other two PINs through the internal detection circuit, and combine the power supply polarity and the bus interface binding to generate seven unique IDs for each sensor after power-on.

2. The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method according to claim 1, wherein The internal detection circuit includes a diode, a voltage-dividing resistor, and an analog-to-digital conversion module, and is used to detect the status of the negative power supply pin and the bus interface.

3. The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that The 3PIN connection combinations include the following seven: PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = VCC; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = GND; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = floating; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = GND, PIN3 = DSI 3; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = VCC, PIN3 = GND; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = floating, PIN3 = GND; PIN1 = VCC + DSI 3, PIN2 = DSI 3, PIN3 = GND.

4. The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method according to claim 1, wherein The DSI 3 bus interface adopts the Power mode and integrates the signal and power transmission functions.

5. The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal circuit of the sensor is integrated in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

6. The ultrasonic radar communication bus positioning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating state generates an intermediate-level signal through a voltage-dividing resistor, which is used to distinguish the negative power supply and the bus interface status.

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