Sensing phase coherence discontinuities of signals

Abstract

The first node may transmit a set of sensing signals. The first node may send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The second node may receive the set of sensing signals. The set of sensing signals received by the second node may be reflected away from the target object. The second node may receive the phase coherence indication based on the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The second node may measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. The first node may be a transmitter node. The second node may be a receiver node. The first node or the second node may be one of a transmit receive point (TRP), a user equipment (UE), a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

Description

[0001] Cross - Reference to Related Applications

[0002] This application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 18 / 064,220, filed on December 9, 2022, entitled "PHASE COHERENCE DISCONTINUITY FOR SENSING SIGNALS", which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] This disclosure generally relates to communication systems, and more particularly, to wireless sensing systems having phase coherence between sensing signals. Background Art

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging, and broadcasting. A typical wireless communication system may employ a multiple - access technology that is capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources. Examples of such multiple - access technologies include Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems, Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) systems, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems, Single - Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC - FDMA) systems, and Time Division - Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD - SCDMA) systems.

[0005] These multiple - access technologies have been adopted in various telecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enables different wireless devices to communicate at the urban, national, regional, and even global levels. An example telecommunication standard is 5G New Radio (NR). 5G NR is part of the ongoing evolution of mobile broadband promulgated by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to meet new requirements associated with latency, reliability, security, scalability (e.g., related to the Internet of Things (IoT)), and other requirements. 5G NR includes services associated with enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine - type communication (mMTC), and ultra - reliable low - latency communication (URLLC). Some aspects of 5G NR may be based on the 4G Long - Term Evolution (LTE) standard. Further improvements to 5G NR technology are needed. In addition, these improvements may also be applicable to other multiple - access technologies and telecommunication standards that employ these technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] A simplified summary of one or more aspects is presented below in order to provide a basic understanding of these aspects. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated aspects. This summary neither identifies key or critical elements of all aspects nor describes the scope of any or all aspects. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

[0007] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include a first node. The first node may be a transmitter node. The apparatus may send a set of sensing signals. The apparatus may send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0008] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include a second node. The second node may be a receiver node. The apparatus may receive a set of sensing signals. The apparatus may receive a phase coherence indication from a first node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The apparatus may measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication.

[0009] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include a sensing entity. The apparatus may obtain an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensing signals. The apparatus may send a sub-coherence processing interval (sub-CPI) configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities.

[0010] To achieve the foregoing and related purposes, one or more aspects may include the features described in detail hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and the drawings set forth in detail some illustrative features of one or more aspects. However, these features are indicative of only some of the various ways in which the principles of the various aspects may be employed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network.

[0012] Figure 2A is a diagram illustrating an example of a first frame in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0013] Figure 2B is a diagram illustrating an example of a downlink (DL) channel within a subframe in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0014] Figure 2C is a diagram illustrating an example of a second frame in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0015] Figure 2D is a diagram illustrating an example of an uplink (UL) channel within a subframe in accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0016] Figure 3Is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station and a user equipment (UE) in an access network.

[0017] Figure 4 Is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements.

[0018] Figure 5 Is a diagram illustrating an example of sensing based on RS measurements.

[0019] Figure 6 Is a diagram illustrating an example of a sensing transmission plane and a communication transmission plane.

[0020] Figure 7A Is a diagram illustrating an example of a coherent processing interval (CPI) with phase discontinuity and multiple sub-coherent processing intervals (sub-CPIs).

[0021] Figure 7B Is a diagram illustrating another example of a CPI with phase discontinuity and multiple sub-CPIs.

[0022] Figure 8 Is a connection flowchart illustrating an example of using a phase coherence indication for sensing to mitigate phase coherence discontinuity.

[0023] Figure 9 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0024] Figure 10 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0025] Figure 11 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0026] Figure 12 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0027] Figure 13 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0028] Figure 14 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0029] Figure 15 Is a flowchart of a method for wireless communication.

[0030] Figure 16 Is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example device and / or network entity.

[0031] Figure 17 Is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity.

[0032] Figure 18 Is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for an example network entity. Detailed Implementation Modes

[0033] The detailed implementation modes described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are descriptions of various configurations and do not represent the only configurations in which the concepts described herein can be practiced. To provide a thorough understanding of the various concepts, the detailed implementation modes include specific details. However, these concepts can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring such concepts.

[0034] Several aspects of a telecommunications system are given with reference to various apparatuses and methods. These apparatuses and methods are described in the following detailed implementation modes and are illustrated in the accompanying drawings by various blocks, components, circuits, processes, algorithms, etc. (collectively referred to as "elements"). These elements can be implemented using electronic hardware, computer software, or any combination thereof. Whether these elements are implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system.

[0035] As an example, an element, or any part of an element, or any combination of elements can be implemented as a "processing system" that includes one or more processors. Examples of processors include microprocessors, microcontrollers, graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), application processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors, systems on a chip (SoCs), baseband processors, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), state machines, gated logic, discrete hardware circuits, and other suitable hardware configured to perform the various functions described throughout this disclosure. One or more processors in the processing system can execute software. Whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or other terms, software should be broadly interpreted to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software components, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, execution threads, procedures, functions, or any combination thereof.

[0036] Thus, in one or more example aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases, the described functionality may be implemented in hardware, software, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality may be stored or encoded on a computer-readable medium as one or more instructions or code. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media. Storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer. For example, such computer-readable media may include random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage, other magnetic storage devices, combinations of these types of computer-readable media, or any other media capable of storing computer-executable code in the form of instructions or data structures that can be accessed by a computer.

[0037] Although aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases are described by way of some examples in this application, additional or different aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases may arise in many different arrangements and scenarios. The aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases described herein may be implemented across many different platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, and packaging arrangements. For example, aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases may be embodied via integrated chips and other non-module-component-based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail / purchase devices, medical devices, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled devices, etc.). Although some examples may or may not be specifically targeted at a use case or application, the described examples may have broad applicability. Aspects, embodiments, and / or use cases may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level embodiments, and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems that incorporate one or more of the technologies herein. In some actual settings, devices incorporating the described aspects and features may also include additional components and features for implementing and practicing the claimed and described aspects. For example, the transmission and reception of wireless signals necessarily includes multiple components for analog and digital purposes (e.g., hardware components including antennas, RF chains, power amplifiers, modulators, buffers, processors, interleavers, adders / summers, etc.). The techniques described herein may be practiced in a variety of devices, chip-level components, systems, distributed arrangements, aggregated components, or disaggregated components, end-user devices, etc., of various sizes, shapes, and configurations.

[0038] The deployment of a communication system such as a 5G NR system can be arranged in various ways with various components or constituent parts. In a 5G NR system or network, network nodes, network entities, mobility elements of the network, radio access network (RAN) nodes, core network nodes, network elements or network equipment (such as a base station (BS)) or one or more units (or one or more components) performing base station functions can be implemented in an aggregated or disaggregated architecture. For example, a BS (such as a Node B (NB), evolved NB (eNB), NR BS, 5G NB, access point (AP), transmit receive point (TRP) or cell, etc.) can be implemented as an aggregated base station (also referred to as a stand-alone BS or monolithic BS) or a disaggregated base station.

[0039] An aggregated base station can be configured to utilize a radio protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single RAN node. A disaggregated base station can be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more units (such as one or more central or centralized units (CUs), one or more distributed units (DUs) or one or more radio units (RUs)). In some aspects, a CU can be implemented within a RAN node, and one or more DUs can be co-located with the CU, or alternatively, can be geographically or virtually distributed among one or more other RAN nodes. A DU can be implemented to communicate with one or more RUs. Each of the CU, DU, and RU can be implemented as a virtual unit, i.e., a virtual central unit (VCU), a virtual distributed unit (VDU) or a virtual radio unit (VRU).

[0040] Base station operation or network design can consider the aggregation characteristics of base station functionality. For example, a disaggregated base station can be used in an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open radio access network (O-RAN (such as a network configuration initiated by the O-RAN Alliance)) or a virtualized radio access network (vRAN, also referred to as a cloud radio access network (C-RAN)). Disaggregation can include distributing functions across two or more units at various physical locations, and virtually distributing the functions of at least one unit, which can achieve flexibility in network design. The various units of a disaggregated base station or a disaggregated RAN architecture can be configured for wired or wireless communication with at least one other unit.

[0041] Figure 1FIG. 100 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless communication system and an access network. The illustrated wireless communication system includes a split base station architecture. The split base station architecture may include one or more CUs 110, which may communicate directly with the core network 120 via a backhaul link, or indirectly with the core network 120 through one or more split base station units (such as a near real-time (near RT) RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 125 via an E2 link, or a non-real-time (non RT) RIC 115 associated with a service management and orchestration (SMO) framework 105, or both). The CU 110 may communicate with one or more DUs 130 via a respective midhaul link (such as an F1 interface). The DU 130 may communicate with one or more RUs 140 via a respective fronthaul link. The RU 140 may communicate with a respective UE 104 via one or more radio frequency (RF) access links. In some embodiments, the UE 104 may be served simultaneously by multiple RUs 140.

[0042] Each of the units (i.e., CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and near RT RIC 125, non RT RIC 115, and SMO framework 105) may include one or more interfaces or be coupled to one or more interfaces that are configured to receive or transmit signals, data, or information (collectively referred to as signals) via a wired or wireless transmission medium. Each of the units or an associated processor or controller that provides instructions to the communication interfaces of these units may be configured to communicate with one or more of the other units via the transmission medium. For example, the units may include a wired interface that is configured to receive signals or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wired transmission medium. Additionally, the units may include a wireless interface that may include a receiver, transmitter, or transceiver (such as an RF transceiver) that is configured to receive and / or transmit signals to one or more of the other units via a wireless transmission medium.

[0043] In some aspects, the CU 110 may host one or more higher layer control functions. Such control functions may include Radio Resource Control (RRC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), etc. Each control function may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other control functions hosted by the CU 110. The CU 110 may be configured to handle user plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit - User Plane (CU-UP)), control plane functionality (i.e., Central Unit - Control Plane (CU-CP)), or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the CU 110 may be logically split into one or more CU-UP units and one or more CU-CP units. When implemented in an O-RAN configuration, the CU-UP units may communicate bidirectionally with the CU-CP units via an interface such as the E1 interface. As needed, the CU 110 may be implemented to communicate with the DU 130 for network control and signaling.

[0044] The DU 130 may correspond to a logical unit that includes one or more base station functions for controlling the operation of one or more RUs 140. In some aspects, the DU 130 may host at least part of the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer, and one or more high Physical (PHY) layers (such as modules for forward error correction (FEC) encoding and decoding, scrambling, modulation and demodulation, etc.) based at least in part on a functional split (such as those defined by 3GPP). In some aspects, the DU 130 may also host one or more low PHY layers. Each layer (or module) may be implemented using an interface that is configured to communicate signals with other layers (and modules) hosted by the DU 130 or with control functions hosted by the CU 110.

[0045] The lower layer functionality may be implemented by one or more RUs 140. In some deployments, the RUs 140 controlled by the DU 130 may correspond to logical nodes that host RF processing functions or low PHY layer functions (such as performing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Inverse FFT (iFFT), digital beamforming, Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) extraction and filtering, etc.) or both, at least in part based on a functional split (such as a lower layer functional split). In such an architecture, the RUs 140 may be implemented to handle over-the-air (OTA) communication with one or more UEs 104. In some embodiments, the real-time and non-real-time aspects of the control plane and user plane communication with the RUs 140 may be controlled by the corresponding DU 130. In some scenarios, this configuration may enable the implementation of the DU 130 and CU 110 in a cloud-based RAN architecture such as a vRAN architecture.

[0046] The SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the RAN deployment and orchestration of non-virtualized network elements and virtualized network elements. For non-virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to support the deployment of dedicated physical resources for RAN coverage requirements, which can be managed via an operation and maintenance interface (such as the O1 interface). For virtualized network elements, the SMO framework 105 can be configured to interact with a cloud computing platform (such as the Open Cloud (O-Cloud) 190) to perform network element lifecycle management (such as to instantiate virtualized network elements) via a cloud computing platform interface (such as the O2 interface). Such virtualized network elements can include, but are not limited to, the CU 110, DU 130, RU 140, and the Near RT RIC 125. In some specific implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate with the hardware aspect of the 4G RAN (such as the Open eNB (O-eNB) 111) via the O1 interface. Additionally, in some specific implementations, the SMO framework 105 can communicate directly with one or more RUs 140 via the O1 interface. The SMO framework 105 can also include a Non-RT RIC 115 configured to support the functionality of the SMO framework 105.

[0047] The Non-RT RIC 115 can be configured to include a logical function that enables non-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources, an artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) (AI / ML) workflow including model training and update, or policy-based guidance of applications / features in the Near RT RIC 125. The Non-RT RIC 115 can be coupled to or communicate with the Near RT RIC 125 (such as via the A1 interface). The Near RT RIC 125 can be configured to include a logical function that enables near-real-time control and optimization of RAN elements and resources via an interface (such as via the E2 interface) through data collection and actions, which connects one or more CUs 110, one or more DUs 130, or both, and the O-eNB to the Near RT RIC 125.

[0048] In some specific implementations, to generate the AI / ML models to be deployed in the near-RT RIC 125, the non-RT RIC 115 may receive parameters or external enrichment information from an external server. Such information may be utilized by the near-RT RIC 125 and may be received from non-network data sources or from network functions at the SMO framework 105 or the non-RT RIC 115. In some examples, the non-RT RIC 115 or the near-RT RIC 125 may be configured to tune the RAN behavior or performance. For example, the non-RT RIC 115 may monitor the long-term trends and patterns of performance and employ an AI / ML model to perform corrective actions via the SMO framework 105 (such as reconfiguration via O1) or via the creation of RAN management policies (such as A1 policies).

[0049] At least one of the CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 may be referred to as the base station 102. Thus, the base station 102 may include one or more of the CU 110, DU 130, and RU 140 (each component is indicated by a dashed line to indicate that each component may or may not be included in the base station 102). The base station 102 provides an access point to the core network 120 for the UE 104. The base station 102 may include macro cells (high-power cellular base stations) and / or small cells (low-power cellular base stations). Small cells include femto cells, pico cells, and micro cells. A network including both small cells and macro cells may be referred to as a heterogeneous network. The heterogeneous network may also include a home evolved Node B (eNB) (HeNB) that may provide services to a restricted group referred to as a closed subscriber group (CSG). The communication link between the RU 140 and the UE 104 may include an uplink (UL) (also referred to as a reverse link) transmission from the UE 104 to the RU 140 and / or a downlink (DL) (also referred to as a forward link) transmission from the RU 140 to the UE 104. The communication link may use multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, including spatial multiplexing, beamforming, and / or transmit diversity. The communication link may pass through one or more carriers. For each carrier allocated in carrier aggregation with a total of up to Yx MHz (x component carriers) for transmission in each direction, the base station 102 / UE 104 may use a spectrum with a bandwidth of up to Y MHz (e.g., 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 100 MHz, 400 MHz, etc.). These carriers may or may not be adjacent to each other. The allocation of carriers may be asymmetric with respect to the DL and UL (e.g., more or fewer carriers may be allocated for the DL compared to the UL). The component carriers may include a primary component carrier and one or more secondary component carriers. The primary component carrier may be referred to as the primary cell (PCell) and the secondary component carriers may be referred to as secondary cells (SCells).

[0050] Some UEs 104 may communicate with each other using device-to-device (D2D) communication links 158. The D2D communication links 158 may use DL / UL wireless wide area network (WWAN) spectrum. The D2D communication links 158 may use one or more sidelink channels, such as the Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel (PSBCH), Physical Sidelink Discovery Channel (PSDCH), Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH), and Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH). D2D communication may be through various wireless D2D communication systems, such as for example Bluetooth, Wi-Fi based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 standards, LTE, or NR.

[0051] The wireless communication system may also include a Wi-Fi AP 150 that communicates with a UE 104 (also referred to as a Wi-Fi station (STA)) via a communication link 154, for example, in the 5 GHz unlicensed spectrum, etc. When communicating in the unlicensed spectrum, the UE 104 / AP 150 may perform a Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) before communication to determine if the channel is available.

[0052] The electromagnetic spectrum is generally subdivided into various categories, bands, channels, etc. based on frequency / wavelength. In 5G NR, two initial operating bands have been identified as Frequency Range Designation FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz). Although a part of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, in various documents and articles, FR1 is generally referred to (interchangeably) as the "sub-6 GHz" band. Referring to FR2, a similar naming issue sometimes occurs, which is generally (interchangeably) referred to as the "millimeter wave" band in documents and articles, although it is different from the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz - 300 GHz) identified by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) as the "millimeter wave" band.

[0053] The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are generally referred to as mid-band frequencies. Recent 5G NR research has identified operating bands for these mid-band frequencies as Frequency Range Designation FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz). The bands falling within FR3 may inherit FR1 characteristics and / or FR2 characteristics, and thus can effectively extend the features of FR1 and / or FR2 to the mid-band frequencies. In addition, higher frequency bands are currently being explored to extend 5G NR operation beyond 52.6 GHz. For example, three higher operating bands have been identified as Frequency Range Designation FR2-2 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), FR4 (71 GHz - 114.25 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). Each of these higher bands falls within the EHF band.

[0054] Taking into account the above aspects, unless otherwise specifically stated, if terms such as "below 6 GHz" are used herein, they can broadly represent frequencies that can be less than 6 GHz, can be within FR1, or can include intermediate band frequencies. Additionally, unless otherwise specifically stated, if terms such as "millimeter wave" are used herein, they can broadly represent frequencies that can include intermediate band frequencies, can be within FR2, FR4, FR2-2, and / or FR5, or can be within the EHF band.

[0055] Base station 102 and UE 104 may each include a plurality of antennas (such as antenna elements, antenna panels, and / or antenna arrays) to facilitate beamforming. Base station 102 may transmit a beamformed signal 182 to UE 104 in one or more transmission directions. UE 104 may receive the beamformed signal from base station 102 in one or more reception directions. UE 104 may also transmit a beamformed signal 184 to base station 102 in one or more transmission directions. Base station 102 may receive the beamformed signal from UE 104 in one or more reception directions. Base station 102 / UE 104 may perform beam training to determine the optimal reception direction and transmission direction for each of base station 102 / UE 104. The transmission direction and reception direction of base station 102 may be the same or may not be the same. The transmission direction and reception direction of UE 104 may be the same or may not be the same.

[0056] Base station 102 may include and / or be referred to as a gNB, Node B, eNB, access point, base station transceiver, radio base station, radio transceiver, transceiver function, basic service set (BSS), extended service set (ESS), transmission reception point (TRP), network node, network entity, network equipment, or some other suitable term. Base station 102 may be implemented as an integrated access and backhaul (IAB) node, a relay node, a sidelink node, an aggregated (monolithic) base station having a baseband unit (BBU) (including a CU and a DU) and an RU, or may be implemented as a disaggregated base station including one or more of a CU, a DU, and / or an RU. A set of base stations including disaggregated base stations and / or aggregated base stations may be referred to as a next generation (NG) RAN (NG-RAN).

[0057] The core network 120 may include an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) 161, a Session Management Function (SMF) 162, a User Plane Function (UPF) 163, a Unified Data Management (UDM) 164, one or more location servers 168, and other functional entities. The AMF 161 is a control node that processes signaling between the UE 104 and the core network 120. The AMF 161 supports registration management, connection management, mobility management, and other functions. The SMF 162 supports session management and other functions. The UPF 163 supports packet routing, packet forwarding, and other functions. The UDM 164 supports the generation of Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) credentials, user identity handling, access authorization, and subscription management. One or more location servers 168 are illustrated as including a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC) 165 and a Location Management Function (LMF) 166. However, in general, one or more location servers 168 may include one or more location / locationing servers, which may include one or more of the GMLC 165, LMF 166, a Position Determination Entity (PDE), a Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC), a Mobile Positioning Center (MPC), etc. The GMLC 165 and LMF 166 support UE location services. The GMLC 165 provides an interface for clients / applications (e.g., emergency services) to access UE location information. The LMF 166 receives measurements and assistance information from the NG-RAN and the UE 104 via the AMF 161 to calculate the location of the UE 104. The NG-RAN may utilize one or more positioning methods to determine the location of the UE 104. Positioning the UE 104 may involve signal measurements, position estimation, and optional speed calculation based on these measurements. The signal measurements may be performed by the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 serving the UE 104. The measured signals may be based on a Satellite Positioning System (SPS) 170 (e.g., a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), a Global Positioning System (GPS), a Non-Terrestrial Network (NTN), or one or more of other satellite positioning / location systems), an LTE signal, a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) signal, a Bluetooth signal, a Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), sensor-based information (e.g., an atmospheric pressure sensor, a motion sensor), an NR Enhanced Cell ID (NR E-CID) method, an NR signal (e.g., multi-round-trip time (multi-RTT), DL Angle of Departure (DL-AoD), DL Time Difference of Arrival (DL-TDOA), UL Time Difference of Arrival (UL-TDOA), and UL Angle of Arrival (UL-AoA) positioning), and / or one or more of other systems / signals / sensors.

[0058] Examples of the UE 104 include cellular phones, smart phones, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phones, laptop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), satellite radios, global positioning systems, multimedia devices, video devices, digital audio players (e.g., MP3 players), cameras, game consoles, tablet computers, smart devices, wearable devices, vehicles, electricity meters, gas pumps, large or small kitchen appliances, healthcare devices, implants, sensors / actuators, displays, or any other device with a similar function. Some of the UEs in the UE 104 may be referred to as IoT devices (e.g., parking meters, gas pumps, toasters, vehicles, heart monitors, etc.). The UE 104 may also be referred to as a station, mobile station, subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, cell phone, user agent, mobile client, client, or some other suitable term. In some scenarios, the term UE may also apply to one or more companion devices, such as in a device constellation arrangement. One or more of these devices may access the network jointly and / or access the network individually.

[0059] Referring again to Figure 1 , in some aspects, the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 may have a sensing signal transmitting component 198 that may be configured to transmit a set of sensing signals. The sensing signal transmitting component 198 may be configured to send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. In some aspects, the UE 104 and / or the base station 102 may have a sensing signal receiving component 199 that may be configured to receive a set of sensing signals. The sensing signal receiving component 199 may be configured to receive a phase coherence indication from a first node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The sensing signal receiving component 199 may be configured to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. In some aspects, the base station 102 may have a sub-CPI configuration component 197 that may be configured to obtain an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensing signals. The sub-CPI configuration component 197 may be configured to send a sub-coherence processing interval (sub-CPI) configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Although the following description may focus on phase coherence discontinuities, the concepts described herein may apply to other similar fields, such as any interference that interrupts a set of continuous signals. Although the following description may focus on 5G NR, the concepts described herein may be applicable to other similar fields, such as LTE, LTE-A, CDMA, GSM, and other wireless technologies.

[0060] Figure 2AFIG. 200 is an illustration example of a first subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2B FIG. 230 is an illustration example of a DL channel within a 5G NR subframe. Figure 2C FIG. 250 is an illustration example of a second subframe within a 5G NR frame structure. Figure 2D FIG. 280 is an illustration example of a UL channel within a 5G NR subframe. The 5G NR frame structure can be Frequency Division Duplexing (FDD) (where for a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), the subframes within that set of subcarriers are dedicated to DL or UL), or can be Time Division Duplexing (TDD) (where for a specific set of subcarriers (carrier system bandwidth), the subframes within that set of subcarriers are dedicated to both DL and UL). In Figure 2A , Figure 2C the example provided, the 5G NR frame structure is assumed to be TDD, where subframe 4 is configured with slot format 28 (where most are DL), where D is DL, U is UL, and F is flexibly usable between DL / UL, and subframe 3 is configured with slot format 1 (where all are UL). Although subframes 3, 4 are shown as having slot formats 1, 28 respectively, any particular subframe can be configured with any of the various available slot formats 0 - 61. Slot formats 0, 1 are all - DL, all - UL respectively. The other slot formats 2 - 61 include a mixture of DL, UL, and flexible symbols. The UE is configured with the slot format by the received Slot Format Indicator (SFI) (configured dynamically by Downlink Control Information (DCI) or semi - statically / statically by Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling). Note that the following description also applies to the 5G NR frame structure as TDD.

[0061] Figures 2A to 2DA frame structure is illustrated, and aspects of the present disclosure may be applicable to other wireless communication technologies that may have different frame structures and / or different channels. A frame (10 ms) may be divided into 10 equal-sized subframes (1 ms). Each subframe may include one or more time slots. The subframe may also include mini time slots, which may include 7, 4, or 2 symbols. Each time slot may include 14 or 12 symbols, depending on whether the cyclic prefix (CP) is normal or extended. For normal CP, each time slot may include 14 symbols, and for extended CP, each time slot may include 12 symbols. The symbols on the DL may be CP orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) (CP-OFDM) symbols. The symbols on the UL may be CP-OFDM symbols (for high throughput scenarios) or discrete Fourier transform (DFT) spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbols (for power-constrained scenarios; limited to single-stream transmission). The number of time slots within a subframe is based on the CP and the parameter set. The parameter set defines the subcarrier spacing (SCS) (see Table 1). The symbol length / duration may be scaled with 1 / SCS.

[0062]

[0063] Table 1: Parameter Sets, SCS, and CP

[0064] For normal CP (14 symbols / slot), different parameter sets μ0 to 4 allow 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 time slots per subframe, respectively. For extended CP, parameter set 2 allows 4 time slots per subframe. Thus, for normal CP and parameter set μ, there are 14 symbols / slot and 2 μ time slots / subframe. The subcarrier spacing may be equal to 2 μ * 15 kHz, where μ is parameter set 0 to 4. Thus, the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ = 0 is 15 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing for parameter set μ = 4 is 240 kHz. The symbol length / duration is negatively correlated with the subcarrier spacing. Figures 2A to 2D An example of normal CP with 14 symbols per time slot and parameter set μ = 2 with 4 time slots per subframe is provided. The time slot duration is 0.25 ms, the subcarrier spacing is 60 kHz, and the symbol duration is approximately 16.67 μs. Within a frame set, there may be one or more different bandwidth parts (BWPs) that are frequency division multiplexed (see Figure 2B ). Each BWP may have a specific parameter set and CP (normal or extended).

[0065] A resource grid may be used to represent the frame structure. Each time slot includes a resource block (RB) (also referred to as a physical RB (PRB)) that extends 12 consecutive subcarriers. The resource grid is divided into multiple resource elements (REs). The number of bits carried by each RE depends on the modulation scheme.

[0066] As Figure 2A illustrated, some of the REs in a RE carry reference (pilot) signals (RS) for a UE. The RS may include demodulation RS (DM-RS) (designated as R for one particular configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) and channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS) for channel estimation at the UE. The RS may also include beam measurement RS (BRS), beam refinement RS (BRRS), and phase tracking RS (PT-RS).

[0067] Figure 2B Examples of various DL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) carries DCI within one or more control channel elements (CCEs) (e.g., 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 CCEs), each CCE including six resource element groups (REGs), each REG including 12 consecutive RES in the OFDM symbols of an RB. The PDCCH within a BWP may be referred to as a control resource set (CORESET). The UE is configured to monitor PDCCH candidates in a PDCCH search space (e.g., a common search space, a UE-specific search space) during a PDCCH monitoring occasion on the CORESET, where the PDCCH candidates have different DCI formats and different aggregation levels. Additional BWPs may be located at higher and / or lower frequencies on the channel bandwidth. The primary synchronization signal (PSS) may be in symbol 2 of a particular subframe of a frame. The PSS is used by the UE 104 to determine subframe / symbol timing and the physical layer identity. The secondary synchronization signal (SSS) may be in symbol 4 of a particular subframe of a frame. The SSS is used by the UE to determine the physical layer cell identity group number and radio frame timing. Based on the physical layer identity and the physical layer cell identity group number, the UE may determine the physical cell identifier (PCI). Based on the PCI, the UE may determine the location of the DM-RS. The physical broadcast channel (PBCH) carrying the master information block (MIB) may be logically grouped with the PSS and SSS to form a synchronization signal (SS) / PBCH block (also referred to as an SS block (SSB)). The MIB provides the system frame number (SFN) and the number of RBs in the system bandwidth. The physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) carries user data, broadcast system information not transmitted via the PBCH (such as system information blocks (SIBs)), and paging messages.

[0068] As Figure 2CAs illustrated, some of the REs in the RE carry DM-RS (designated as R for a specific configuration, but other DM-RS configurations are possible) for channel estimation at the base station. The UE can transmit the DM-RS of the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) and the DM-RS of the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH). The PUSCH DM-RS can be transmitted in the previous one or two symbols of the PUSCH. Depending on whether a short PUCCH or a long PUCCH is transmitted and depending on the specific PUCCH format used, the PUCCH DM-RS can be transmitted in different configurations. The UE can transmit the sounding reference signal (SRS). The SRS can be transmitted in the last symbol of the subframe. The SRS can have a comb structure, and the UE can transmit the SRS on one of the combs in the comb structure. The SRS can be used by the base station for channel quality estimation to enable frequency-dependent scheduling of the UL.

[0069] Figure 2D Examples of various UL channels within a subframe of a frame are illustrated. The PUCCH can be located at the position indicated in one configuration. The PUCCH carries uplink control information (UCI), such as a scheduling request, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), a rank indicator (RI), and a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgement (ACK) (HARQ-ACK) feedback (i.e., one or more HARQ ACK bits indicating one or more ACKs and / or negative ACKs (NACKs)). The PUSCH carries data and can additionally be used to carry a buffer status report (BSR), a power headroom report (PHR), and / or UCI.

[0070] Figure 3It is a block diagram of the communication between the base station 310 and the UE 350 in the access network. In the DL, Internet Protocol (IP) packets can be provided to the controller / processor 375. The controller / processor 375 implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality. Layer 3 includes the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer, and layer 2 includes the Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) layer, the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, and the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer. The controller / processor 375 provides RRC layer functionality associated with the broadcast of system information (e.g., MIB, SIB), RRC connection control (e.g., RRC connection paging, RRC connection establishment, RRC connection modification, and RRC connection release), inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility, and measurement configuration for UE measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression, security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification), and handover support functions; RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer packet data units (PDUs), error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC service data units (SDUs), re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and re-ordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with the mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto transport blocks (TBs), demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0071] The transmit (Tx) processor 316 and the receive (Rx) processor 370 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. Layer 1, which includes the physical (PHY) layer, may include error detection on the transport channel, forward error correction (FEC) encoding / decoding of the transport channel, interleaving, rate matching, mapping to the physical channel, modulation / demodulation of the physical channel, and MIMO antenna processing. The Tx processor 316 handles the mapping to the signal constellation based on various modulation schemes such as binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), M-phase shift keying (M-PSK), and M-quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM). The encoded and modulated symbols are then split into parallel streams. Subsequently, each stream may be mapped to an OFDM subcarrier, multiplexed with a reference signal (e.g., a pilot) in the time and / or frequency domain, and then combined together using an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) to generate a physical channel carrying a time-domain OFDM symbol stream. The OFDM stream is space precoded to generate multiple spatial streams. Channel estimates from the channel estimator 374 may be used to determine the encoding and modulation schemes, as well as for spatial processing. The channel estimates may be derived from reference signals transmitted by the UE 350 and / or channel state feedback. Then, each spatial stream may be provided to a different antenna 320 via a separate transmitter 318Tx. Each transmitter 318Tx may modulate a radio frequency (RF) carrier with the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0072] At the UE 350, each receiver 354Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 352. Each receiver 354Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to the receive (Rx) processor 356. The Tx processor 368 and the Rx processor 356 implement layer 1 functions associated with various signal processing functions. The Rx processor 356 may perform spatial processing on the information to recover any spatial streams destined for the UE 350. If multiple spatial streams are destined for the UE 350, they may be combined by the Rx processor 356 into a single OFDM symbol stream. Then, the Rx processor 356 uses a fast Fourier transform (FFT) to convert the OFDM symbol stream from the time domain to the frequency domain. The frequency-domain signal includes a separate OFDM symbol stream for each subcarrier of the OFDM signal. The symbols and reference signals on each subcarrier are recovered and demodulated by determining the most likely signal constellation points transmitted by the base station 310. These soft decisions may be based on the channel estimates calculated by the channel estimator 358. Then, the soft decisions are decoded and deinterleaved to recover the data and control signals originally transmitted by the base station 310 on the physical channel. The data and control signals are then provided to the controller / processor 359, which implements layer 3 and layer 2 functionality.

[0073] The controller / processor 359 may be associated with a memory 360 that stores program code and data. The memory 360 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 359 provides demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, and control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 359 is also responsible for error detection using the ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operations.

[0074] Similar to the functionality described in connection with DL transmission by the base station 310, the controller / processor 359 provides RRC layer functionality associated with system information (e.g., MIB, SIB) acquisition, RRC connection, and measurement reporting; PDCP layer functionality associated with header compression / decompression and security (encryption, decryption, integrity protection, integrity verification); RLC layer functionality associated with the transfer of upper layer PDUs, error correction via ARQ, concatenation, segmentation, and reassembly of RLC SDUs, re-segmentation of RLC data PDUs, and re-ordering of RLC data PDUs; and MAC layer functionality associated with the mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing of MAC SDUs onto TBs, demultiplexing of MAC SDUs from TBs, scheduling information reporting, error correction via HARQ, priority handling, and logical channel prioritization.

[0075] Channel estimates derived by the channel estimator 358 from reference signals or feedback transmitted by the base station 310 may be used by the Tx processor 368 to select appropriate decoding and modulation schemes, and to facilitate spatial processing. The spatial streams generated by the Tx processor 368 may be provided to different antennas 352 via a separate transmitter 354Tx. Each transmitter 354Tx modulates an RF carrier with the corresponding spatial stream for transmission.

[0076] UL transmission is processed at the base station 310 in a manner similar to that described in connection with the receiver functionality at the UE 350. Each receiver 318Rx receives signals via its corresponding antenna 320. Each receiver 318Rx recovers the information modulated onto the RF carrier and provides the information to the Rx processor 370.

[0077] The controller / processor 375 may be associated with a memory 376 that stores program code and data. The memory 376 may be referred to as a computer-readable medium. In the UL, the controller / processor 375 provides demultiplexing between transport channels and logical channels, packet reassembly, decryption, header decompression, control signal processing to recover IP packets. The controller / processor 375 is also responsible for error detection using the ACK and / or NACK protocols to support HARQ operations.

[0078] At least one of Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in conjunction with Figure 1 sensing signal transmitting component 198.

[0079] At least one of Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and controller / processor 359 may be configured to perform aspects in conjunction with Figure 1 sensing signal receiving component 199.

[0080] At least one of Tx processor 316, Rx processor 370, and controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in conjunction with Figure 1 sensing signal transmitting component 198.

[0081] At least one of Tx processor 316, Rx processor 370, and controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in conjunction with Figure 1 sensing signal receiving component 199.

[0082] At least one of Tx processor 316, Rx processor 370, and controller / processor 375 may be configured to perform aspects in conjunction with Figure 1 sub-CPI configuration component 197.

[0083] Figure 4 FIG. 400 is a diagram illustrating an example of UE positioning based on reference signal measurements. UE 404 may transmit UL-SRS 412 at time T SRS_Tx and receive a downlink positioning reference signal (PRS) (DL-PRS) 410 at time T PRS_Rx . TRP 406 may receive UL-SRS 412 at time T SRS_Rx and transmit DL-PRS 410 at time T PRS_Tx . UE 404 may receive DL-PRS 410 before transmitting UL-SRS 412, or may transmit UL-SRS 412 before receiving DL-PRS 410. In both cases, a positioning server (e.g., location server 168) or UE 404 may determine RTT 414 based on ||T SRS_Rx – T PRS_Tx | – |T SRS_Tx – T PRS_Rx ||. Thus, multi-RTT positioning may utilize UE Rx-Tx time difference measurements of downlink signals received from multiple TRPs 402, 406 and measured by UE 404 (i.e., |T SRS_Tx – T PRS_Rx|) and the downlink reference signal received power (RSRP) of the DL-PRS (DL-PRS-RSRP), and the measured TRP Rx-Tx time difference measurements of the uplink signals transmitted from the UE 404 at the plurality of TRPs 402, 406 (i.e., |T SRS_Rx –T PRS_Tx |) and UL-SRS-RSRP. The UE 404 uses the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the UE Rx-Tx time difference measurement (and optionally the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal), and the TRPs 402, 406 use the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the gNB Rx-Tx time difference measurement (and optionally the UL-SRS-RSRP of the received signal). These measurements can be used at the positioning server or the UE 404 to determine the RTT, which is used to estimate the location of the UE 404. Other methods for determining the RTT are possible, such as for example using DL-TDOA and / or UL-TDOA measurements.

[0084] DL-AoD positioning can utilize the measured DL-PRS-RSRP of the downlink signals received at the UE 404 from the plurality of TRPs 402, 406. The UE 404 uses the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the DL-PRS-RSRP of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, together with the azimuth of departure (A-AoD), zenith angle of departure (Z-AoD), and other configuration information, are used to position the UE 404 relative to the neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0085] DL-TDOA positioning can utilize the downlink reference signal time difference (RSTD) (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of the downlink signals received at the UE 404 from the plurality of TRPs 402, 406. The UE 404 uses the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the DL RSTD (and optionally DL-PRS-RSRP) of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, together with other configuration information, are used to position the UE 404 relative to the neighboring TRPs 402, 406.

[0086] UL-TDOA positioning can utilize the uplink relative time of arrival (RTOA) (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) of the uplink signals transmitted from the UE 404 at the plurality of TRPs 402, 406. The TRPs 402, 406 use the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the UL-RTOA (and optionally UL-SRS-RSRP) of the received signal, and the resulting measurements, together with other configuration information, are used to estimate the location of the UE 404.

[0087] UL-AoA positioning can utilize the measured azimuth of arrival (A-AoA) and zenith angle of arrival (Z-AoA) of the uplink signal transmitted from the UE 404 at multiple TRPs 402, 406. The TRPs 402, 406 use the assistance data received from the positioning server to measure the A-AoA and Z-AoA of the received signal, and the resulting measurements together with other configuration information are used to estimate the location of the UE 404.

[0088] Additional positioning methods can be used to estimate the location of the UE 404, such as for example UE-side UL-AoD and / or DL-AoA. Note that data / measurements from various techniques can be combined in various ways to increase accuracy, determine and / or enhance certainty, supplement / complete measurements, and / or replace / provide missing information.

[0089] Figure 5FIG. 500 is a diagram illustrating examples of sensing based on reference signal measurements. In one aspect, a wireless node 502 may perform monostatic sensing, where the wireless node 502 may send a set of sensing signals 512 to a target object 503, the target object 503 may reflect the set of sensing signals 512 as a set of reflected sensing signals 516 back to the wireless node 502, and the wireless node 502 may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 516 from the target object 503. In another aspect, the wireless node 502 and the wireless node 504 may perform bistatic sensing, where the wireless node 502 may send a set of sensing signals 512 to the target object 503, the target object 503 may reflect the set of sensing signals 512 as a set of reflected sensing signals 514 to the wireless node 504, and the wireless node 504 may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 514 from the target object 503. In another aspect, the wireless node 502 and the wireless node 506 may perform multistatic sensing, where in addition to the wireless node 502 using monostatic sensing to measure the set of reflected sensing signals 516 from the target object 503, the wireless node 506 may also send a set of sensing signals 518 to the target object 503, the target object 503 may reflect the set of sensing signals 518 as a set of reflected sensing signals 520 back to the wireless node 502, and the wireless node 502 may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 520 from the target object 503. In another aspect, the wireless node 502, the wireless node 504, and the wireless node 508 may perform multistatic sensing, where in addition to the wireless node 504 using bistatic sensing to measure the set of reflected sensing signals 514 from the target object 503, the wireless node 508 may also send a set of sensing signals 522 to the target object 503, the target object 503 may reflect the set of sensing signals 522 as a set of reflected sensing signals 524 to the wireless node 504, and the wireless node 504 may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 524 from the target object 503. Each wireless node may be any wireless device configured to send or receive wireless signals, such as a UE, a network node, a TRP, or a base station. For example, the wireless node 502 may be a network node configured to send the set of sensing signals 512 to the target object 503 and measure the set of reflected sensing signals 516 from the target object 503. In another example, the wireless node 502 may be a network node configured to send the set of sensing signals 512 to the target object 503, and the wireless node 504 may be a UE configured to measure the set of reflected sensing signals 514 from the target object 503.

[0090] Wireless node 502 may perform one or more sensing measurements on the reflected set of sensing signals 516 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 520. In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the distance or range between wireless node 502 and target object 503 based on the round-trip time (RTT) between the time wireless node 502 transmits the set of sensing signals 512 and the time wireless node 502 receives the reflected set of sensing signals 516. In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the distance or range traveled by the set of sensing signals 518 and the reflected set of sensing signals 520 based on the time between the time wireless node 502 transmits the set of sensing signals 518 and the time wireless node 506 receives the reflected set of sensing signals 520. In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the location of target object 503 based on multiple range or distance measurements (e.g., via triangulation using the known locations of wireless nodes 502 and 506 and the calculated range or distance measurements). In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the velocity of target object 503 based on a first calculated location of target object 503 and a second calculated location of target object 503, the first calculated location being based on the reflected set of sensing signals 516 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 520 measured at a first time, and the second calculated location being based on the reflected set of sensing signals 516 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 520 measured at a second time. In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the AoA of the reflected set of sensing signals 516 and / or the AoD of the set of sensing signals 512 based on the multiple ports that transmit the set of sensing signals 512 and the multiple ports that receive the reflected set of sensing signals 516. In one aspect, wireless node 502 may calculate the AoA of the reflected set of sensing signals 520 and / or the AoD of the set of sensing signals 518 based on the multiple ports that transmit the set of sensing signals 518 and the multiple ports that receive the reflected set of sensing signals 520.

[0091] Similarly, the wireless node 504 may perform one or more sensing measurements on the reflected set of sensing signals 514 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 524. In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the distance or range traveled by the set of sensing signals 512 and the reflected set of sensing signals 514 based on the time between when the wireless node 504 transmits the set of sensing signals 512 and when the wireless node 502 receives the reflected set of sensing signals 514. In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the distance or range traveled by the set of sensing signals 522 and the reflected set of sensing signals 524 based on the time between when the wireless node 504 transmits the set of sensing signals 522 and when the wireless node 508 receives the reflected set of sensing signals 524. In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the position of the target object 503 based on multiple range or distance measurements (e.g., via triangulation using the known positions of the wireless nodes 502, 504, and 508 and the calculated range or distance measurements). In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the velocity of the target object 503 based on a first calculated position of the target object 503 and a second calculated position of the target object 503, the first calculated position being based on the reflected set of sensing signals 514 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 524 measured at a first time, and the second calculated position being based on the reflected set of sensing signals 514 and / or the reflected set of sensing signals 524 measured at a second time. In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the AoA of the reflected set of sensing signals 514 and / or the AoD of the set of sensing signals 512 based on the multiple ports that transmit the set of sensing signals 512 and the multiple ports that receive the reflected set of sensing signals 514. In one aspect, the wireless node 504 may calculate the AoA of the reflected set of sensing signals 524 and / or the AoD of the set of sensing signals 522 based on the multiple ports that transmit the set of sensing signals 522 and the multiple ports that receive the reflected set of sensing signals 524.

[0092] To perform Doppler estimation or velocity estimation of a target object (such as Figure 5 the target object 503 in Figure 4 or a UE (such as

[0093] Figure 6 the UE 404 in ), the receiver wireless node may be configured to measure sensing signals such as positioning reference signals (PRSs) or sounding reference signals (SRSs) with phase coherence. The reference signals used to measure the position of the UE or target object may be referred to as sensing signals. Although the transmitting device may be configured to transmit a set of sensing signals with phase coherence, in some environments, a set of sensing signals may lose phase coherence.FIG. 600 is an illustration example of a wireless node 610 operating with a sensing Tx plane 620 and a communication Tx plane 630. The sensing Tx plane 620 may have a series of sensing signals transmitted to a target object (such as the target object 503 in Figure 5 ), or a UE (such as the UE 404 in Figure 4 ). The communication Tx plane 630 may have a series of communication signals transmitted to a receiving device (such as the UE 104 or the base station 102 in Figure 1 ). When the sensing signals change with the same waveform as another beam, the other beam may experience phase discontinuity due to a change in the radio frequency (RF) state or a change in the propagation path. For example, the communication signals transmitted at the communication Tx plane 630 may cause phase discontinuities in the sensing signals at the sensing discontinuities 622, 624, and 626. Similarly, the sensing signals transmitted at the sensing Tx plane 620 may cause sensing discontinuities at the communication channel discontinuities 632, 634, and 636.

[0094] A transmitter node (such as the wireless node 502 in Figure 5 or the TRP 406 in Figure 4 ) may be configured to transmit a set of sensing signals over a period of time such that all of the sensing signals in the set of sensing signals transmitted over that period of time have phase coherence. Such a period of time may also be referred to as a coherent processing interval (CPI). However, during the CPI, one or more phase discontinuities may occur, thus disrupting the phase continuity between consecutive sensing signals. A receiver node that measures a set of sensing signals during the CPI may use a phase coherence indication to determine which portions of the set of sensing signals may have phase coherence with each other and which portions of the set of sensing signals do not have phase coherence with each other. Since the transmitter node may know when a coherent phase discontinuity event that can interrupt the transmission of a set of sensing signals occurs, the transmitter node may signal the phase discontinuity event to relevant wireless nodes (such as the receiver node or the sensing entity). The receiver node may perform sub-CPI processing on portions of the CPI based on the phase discontinuity to ensure that the measured set of sensing signals has phase continuity. The receiver node may report such considerations of the sensing signals to relevant nodes (such as the transmitter node or the sensing entity). In the case of a phase discontinuity, the transmitter node may dynamically extend the length of the sensing resource set to meet the desired minimum CPI length.

[0095] In one aspect, the first node can be a transmitter node that sends a set of sensing signals, and the second node can be a receiver node that measures the set of sensing signals. The first node can send the set of sensing signals to the second node. The second node can receive the set of sensing signals from the first node. The first node can send a phase coherence indication that is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The second node can receive the phase coherence indication that is based on the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The second node can measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication.

[0096] Figure 7A FIG. 700 is a diagram illustrating an example of a CPI 702 that uses phase coherence to send a set of sensing signals. Phase discontinuities can disrupt the phase coherence of the set of sensing signals sent during the CPI 702. Measuring the set of sensing signals during the time domain of the CPI can result in inaccuracies because not all of the sensing signals have phase coherence. If the receiver node measures the set of sensing signals during a sub-CPI 704 that does not have a phase discontinuity or during a sub-CPI 706 that also does not have a phase discontinuity, the sensing measurements may be more accurate.

[0097] In some aspects, the receiver node can be configured to measure a continuous set of sensing signals having a minimum length, or the transmitter node can be configured to send a continuous set of sensing signals having a minimum length. The minimum length can be configured in any suitable manner, such as by the condition of the wireless network or by a sensing entity that configures or requests the sensing opportunity. In one aspect, the transmitter node can be configured to send sensing signals until at least a threshold number of sensing signals have been sent. The threshold number can be specified by the sensing entity. The threshold number can correspond to a desired minimum sub-CPI length. If the transmitter node determines that a phase discontinuity has occurred that has prevented the transmitter node from sending a threshold number of sensing signals having phase continuity, the transmitter node can be configured to continue sending sensing signals until the transmitter node sends a continuous number of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than or equal to the threshold number. The transmitter node can be configured to repeatedly initiate the sending of the continuous number of phase coherent sensing signals a second threshold number of times. If the transmitter node fails to send the continuous number of phase coherent sensing signals a second threshold number of times, the transmitter node can discard the transmission until the next resource set of sensing signals. The transmitter node can be configured to signal the receiver node of the additional transmission, for example, by sending a fast indication of the phase discontinuity to the receiving node (e.g., via level 1 (L1) or level 2 (L2) signaling).

[0098] Figure 7BFIG. 750 is an illustration of an example of an original transmission 752 that exemplifies a planned number of phase - continuous sensing signals. The transmitter node may be configured to transmit a set of eight phase - continuous sensing signals for the planned number of original transmissions 752. The transmitter node may be configured to transmit a minimum sub - CPI of five phase - continuous sensing signals. After the transmitter node transmits four phase - continuous sensing signals, a phase discontinuity may occur such that the fifth sensing signal is not phase - continuous with the first four phase - continuous sensing signals in the sub - CPI 754. Although the transmitter node may initially be configured to transmit three more sensing signals, the transmitter node may allocate an additional transmission 753 to the set of sensing signals in response to determining that the planned number of original transmissions 752 does not have at least five phase - continuous sensing signals such that it transmits five phase - continuous sensing signals as a modified sub - CPI 756.

[0099] Figure 8 FIG. 800 is a connection flow diagram of an example of a wireless network configured to mitigate phase - coherence discontinuities using phase - coherence indications. The wireless node 804 may be a transmitter node. The wireless node 804 may be a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The wireless node 802 may be a receiver node. The wireless node 802 may be a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

[0100] The wireless node 804 may be configured to send a set of sensing signals 810 to a target object 803. The target object 803 may reflect the set of sensing signals 810 as a set of reflected sensing signals 812 to the wireless node 802. The wireless node 802 may receive the set of reflected sensing signals 812. At 830, the wireless node 802 may perform sensing on the set of reflected sensing signals 812 to calculate one or more parameters of the target object 803. For example, the wireless node 802 may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 812 to determine the speed of the target object 803.

[0101] In some aspects, a phase discontinuity may occur. At 814, the wireless node 804 may determine that a phase discontinuity has occurred, for example, by determining that a communication transmission has occurred before all sensing signals in a set of sensing signals within a CPI have been transmitted. The wireless device 804 may send a phase - coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802. The wireless node 802 may receive the phase - coherence indication 816. In other words, the wireless node 804 may convey the phase - coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802 that performs sensing measurements and calculations.

[0102] In some aspects, the wireless node 804 may immediately send a phase coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802 and may then continue to send the set of sensed signals as the set of sensed signals 822 to the target object 803. The target object 803 may reflect the set of sensed signals 822 as a reflected set of sensed signals 824 to the wireless node 802. The wireless node 802 may then determine which of the reflected set of sensed signals 812 or the reflected set of sensed signals 824 is greater and may perform sensing at 830 based on the greater set of sensed signals. In other aspects, the wireless node 804 may send a phase coherence indication 828 at the end of the CPI of the set of sensed signals 812, thereby allowing the wireless node 802 to first collect a set of reflected sensed signals 810 and perform sensing on the reflected set of sensed signals 812 based on the phase coherence indication 828. In other words, the wireless node 804 may send a phase coherence indication 816 at the end of the set of sensed signals 810, or before the end of the set of sensed signals 810, once a discontinuity occurs, send the phase coherence indication.

[0103] The phase coherence indication 816 may be provided to the wireless node 802 in different forms. In one aspect, the phase coherence indication 816 may be provided as a binary indication. The binary indication may indicate whether a certain phase discontinuity occurred during the transmission of the set of sensed signals 810. The default behavior (absence of indication) may be interpreted as no discontinuity. In other words, the wireless node 804 may not send a phase coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802, thereby indicating to the wireless node 802 that no discontinuity occurred. In another aspect, the phase coherence indication 816 may be provided as the number of phase discontinuities that occurred during the transmission of the set of sensed signals 810. The number zero may be used to indicate that no phase discontinuity occurred. In another aspect, the phase coherence indication 816 may be provided as the number of phase discontinuities that occurred during the transmission of the set of sensed signals 810 and their positions within the resource set (e.g., between the 3rd sensed signal and the 4th sensed signal, or during the transmission of the 8th sensed signal). In some aspects, the position of the phase discontinuity may be provided as a timestamp of the phase discontinuity event or by specifying the sensed signal after which the phase discontinuity event occurred.

[0104] In some aspects, the sensing entity 806 can be configured to monitor the set of sensing signals 810 or the phase coherence indication 816 to determine a phase discontinuity. The sensing entity 806 can be configured to perform sensing calculations, such as generating a range-Doppler map or a point cloud based on sensing measurements. In some aspects, the sensing entity 806 can be configured to monitor the set of sensing signals 810 and can detect a discontinuity in the set of sensing signals 810 at 815. The sensing entity 806 can send a sub-CPI configuration 818 to the wireless node 804, thereby instructing the wireless node 804 to send a continuous subset of phase-coherent sensing signals in response to the detected discontinuity. In some aspects, the sensing entity 806 can send a sub-CPI configuration 818 to the wireless node 802, thereby instructing the wireless node 802 to perform sensing on at least a threshold number of consecutive coherent resources of the reflected set of sensing signals 812 or the reflected set of sensing signals 824. In another example, the sensing entity 806 can receive the phase coherence indication 816 sent by the wireless node 804. In response, the sensing entity 806 can send a sub-CPI configuration 818 to the wireless node 804, thereby instructing the wireless node 804 to send a continuous subset of phase-coherent sensing signals in response to the phase coherence indication 816. In other words, the sensing entity 806 can be configured to configure the wireless node 804 and / or the wireless node 802 to perform sub-CPI processing in response to detecting a phase discontinuity event. The sub-CPI processing can be associated with any sensing-related calculations that rely on the coherent transmission of sensing signals, such as range-Doppler angle map generation or point cloud generation.

[0105] The sensing entity 806 can configure the sub-CPI processing to be performed over the maximum coherent sub-interval of the set of sensing signals 810 or the set of sensing signals 822. The term "maximum" can be in terms of the number of coherent resources or in terms of the number of coherent sensing signals. In some aspects, the sub-CPI configuration 818 can instruct the wireless node 802 to perform sensing processing on the maximum coherent sub-interval if the length of the maximum coherent sub-interval meets or exceeds a configurable threshold provided by the sensing entity 806. The sub-CPI configuration 818 can include an indication of the configurable threshold. In some aspects, the sub-CPI configuration 818 can instruct the wireless node 802 to perform non-coherent combining within a coherent processed sub-CPI whose length meets or exceeds the configurable threshold. For example, the wireless node 802 can be configured to perform coherent sub-CPI processing over three sub-intervals, where each sub-interval has a length that meets or exceeds the configurable threshold, and then can average the outputs. The outputs can be weighted such that sub-intervals with longer lengths have a greater weight than sub-intervals with shorter lengths. The wireless node 802 can indicate the weighted average length in a sensing measurement report 832 sent to the wireless node 804 or in a sensing measurement report 834 sent to the sensing entity 806.

[0106] In some aspects, in response to wireless node 802 receiving a phase coherence indication 816, wireless node 802 may discard the sensing process. In response to receiving the phase coherence indication 816, wireless node 802 may send a sensing measurement report 832 to wireless node 804 and / or a sensing measurement report 834 to sensing entity 806: it has discarded the sensing process. In some aspects, in response to wireless node 802 receiving a phase coherence indication 816, wireless node 802 may divide the sensing resources into multiple groups of the same size or approximately the same size. For example, wireless node 802 may divide the sensing resources by two, and may use sensing resources, eliminating one sensing resource if the total number is odd, or may use sensing resources, adding a common sensing resource if the total number is odd. At 830, wireless node 802 may perform sensing over two sub-CPI intervals. Wireless node 802 (at 836) or sensing entity 806 (at 838) may perform a hypothesis test on which interval contains or does not contain a phase coherence indication event, and use the result of the interval with a higher probability of not containing a phase coherence indication event.

[0107] In one example, an initial set of 10 sensing signals may be received by wireless node 802, and at 830, this initial set is divided into 2 resource sets each of size 5. Wireless node 802 may estimate a first Doppler spectrum over the first 5 resources, and a second Doppler spectrum over the second set of 5 resources. Wireless node 802 may report both as a sensing measurement report 834 to the sensing entity. Sensing entity 806 may access a Doppler spectrum evaluated from a different transmission (e.g., from another TRP where coherence is not lost). At 838, sensing entity 806 may compare whether the first or second Doppler spectrum conforms to a third Doppler spectrum. Sensing entity 806 may also average the third Doppler spectrum with the Doppler spectrum that more conforms to the third Doppler spectrum.

[0108] At 820, wireless node 804 may initiate the transmission of a continuous set of sub-CPIs as a set of sensing signals 822. The length of the continuous set of sub-CPI sensing signals may be indicated by sub-CPI configuration 818. Wireless node 804 may be configured to continue transmitting the sensing signals until at least the configured number of coherence resources has been transmitted. For example, at 826, when wireless node 804 detects a discontinuity, wireless node 804 may initiate another continuous set of sub-CPIs at 820. Wireless node 804 may be configured to transmit the continuous set of sub-CPIs a second threshold number of times. The second threshold number may be indicated by sub-CPI configuration 818. If wireless node 804 fails to transmit the continuous set of sub-CPIs the second threshold number of times, wireless node 804 may discard the transmission of the set of sensing signals 822 until the next set of transmissions.

[0109] Wireless node 804 may send an indication of an additional transmission to wireless node 802. In one aspect, wireless node 804 may send a discontinuous fast indication (e.g., using level 1 or level 2 signaling) to wireless node 802 as a phase coherence indication 828. In response to receiving the phase coherence indication 828, wireless node 802 may expect additional sensing signals. In some aspects, wireless node 804 may be configured to reserve an additional transmission to allow the desired minimum length of a sub-CPI to be transmitted by wireless node 804 and may release any reserved additional transmission if wireless node 804 ultimately does not use any of the reserved additional transmissions.

[0110] Once wireless node 804 transmits a threshold number of consecutive phase coherence sensing signals, at 830, wireless node 802 may perform sensing on the set of reflected sensing signals 824. At 826, wireless node 804 may detect another discontinuity before wireless node 804 transmits a threshold number of consecutive phase coherence sensing signals, and in response, may initiate another consecutive set of sub-CPIs at 820. Wireless node 804 may continue to attempt to transmit a threshold number of consecutive phase coherence sensing signals a second threshold number of times, and if wireless node 804 fails to transmit a threshold number of consecutive phase coherence sensing signals a second threshold number of times, may discard all sensing transmissions.

[0111] Wireless node 802 may send a sensing measurement report 832 to wireless node 804. At 836, wireless node 804 may process the sensing measurement report 832. Wireless node 802 may send a sensing measurement report 834 to wireless device 806. At 838, sensing entity 806 may process the sensing measurement report 834. The sensing measurement report 832 or the sensing measurement report 834 may include the length of the coherence interval for processing. At 838, sensing entity 806 may use the length of the coherence interval to fuse different sensing outputs from different sensing nodes. For example, the length of the coherence interval may be used to weight a first sensing measurement from a first wireless node and a second sensing measurement from a second wireless node. In some aspects, if multiple coherent sub-CPI outputs are combined incoherently, the sensing measurement report 832 or the sensing measurement report 834 may include a weighted average length.

[0112] Figure 9Flowchart 900 of a method for wireless communication. The method may be performed by a first node (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless node 502, wireless node 504, wireless node 506, wireless node 508, wireless node 610, wireless node 804; device 1604; network entity 1602, network entity 1702, network entity 1860). At 902, the first node may transmit a set of sensing signals. For example, 902 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may transmit the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 902 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0113] At 904, the first node may send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. For example, 904 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may send a phase coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802 based on the set of phase coherence discontinuities detected at 814 and associated with the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 904 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0114] Figure 10 Flowchart 1000 of a method for wireless communication. The method may be performed by a first node (e.g., UE 104, UE350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless node 502, wireless node 504, wireless node 506, wireless node 508, wireless node 610, wireless node 804; device 1604; network entity 1602, network entity 1702, network entity 1860). At 1002, the first node may transmit a set of sensing signals. For example, 1002 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may transmit the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1002 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0115] At 1004, a first node may send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensed signals. For example, 1004 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may send a phase coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802 based on the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensed signals 810 detected at 814. Additionally, 1004 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0116] At 1006, a first node may initiate transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in a set of phase coherence discontinuities. The continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals may include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensed signals. For example, 1006 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may initiate transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals that are part of the set of sensed signals 822 in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity of the set of phase coherence discontinuities at 814 at 820. The continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals may include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensed signals as defined by the sub-CPI configuration 818. Additionally, 1006 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0117] At 1008, a first node may repeat initiation of transmission of a continuous subset of sensed signals in response to failing to send a continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals. For example, 1008 may be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which may repeat initiation of transmission of a continuous subset of sensed signals at 820 in response to failing to send a continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals at 826. Additionally, 1008 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 therein.

[0118] At 1010, a first node may stop transmission of the set of sensed signals in response to failing to send a continuous subset of sensed signals a maximum threshold number of times. For example, 1010 may be performed by Figure 8is performed by the wireless node 804 in, which may stop transmitting the set of sensing signals 822 in response to failing to transmit a consecutive subset of sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times. Additionally, 1010 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in.

[0119] At 1012, the first node may receive an indication of a minimum threshold number from a sensing entity. For example, 1012 may be performed by the wireless node 804 in Figure 8 , which may receive an indication of the minimum threshold number in the sub-CPI configuration 818 from the sensing entity 806. Additionally, 1012 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in.

[0120] At 1014, the first node may reserve a set of resources associated with a consecutive phase-coherent sensing signal of a minimum threshold number in response to initiating the transmission of a consecutive subset of phase-coherent sensing signals. For example, 1014 may be performed by the wireless node 804 in Figure 8 , which may reserve a set of resources associated with a consecutive phase-coherent sensing signal of a minimum threshold number at 820 in response to initiating the transmission of a consecutive subset of phase-coherent sensing signals. Additionally, 1014 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in.

[0121] At 1016, the first node may release the set of resources in response to failing to transmit a consecutive subset of sensing signals. For example, 1016 may be performed by the wireless node 804 in Figure 8 , which may release the set of resources at 826 in response to failing to transmit a consecutive subset of sensing signals. Additionally, 1016 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in.

[0122] Figure 11Flowchart 1100 of a method for wireless communication. This method can be executed by a first node (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless nodes 502, 504, 506, 508, 610, 804; device 1604; network entities 1602, 1702, 1860). At 1102, the first node can send a set of sensing signals. For example, 1102 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which can send the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1102 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in

[0123] At 1104, the first node can send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. For example, 1104 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which can send a phase coherence indication 816 to the wireless node 802 based on the set of phase coherence discontinuities detected at 814 and associated with the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1104 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in

[0124] At 1106, the first node can send a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals. For example, 1106 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which can send a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal of the set of sensing signals 810 and a second transmission of a second sensing signal of the set of sensing signals 810. The communication signal can be detected as a discontinuity of the set of sensing signals 810 at 814. Additionally, 1106 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 198 in

[0125] At 1108, the first node can send a phase coherence indication in response to the transmission of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission. For example, 1108 can be executed by Figure 8is performed by the wireless node 804, which may transmit a phase coherence indication 816 in response to the transmission of a communication signal between a first transmission and a second transmission detected at 814. Additionally, 1108 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 198.

[0126] At 1110, the first node may track the phase continuity of the set of sensed signals. For example, 1110 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 804, which may track the phase continuity of the set of sensed signals by detecting a discontinuity at 814. Additionally, 1110 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 198.

[0127] At 1112, the first node may transmit a phase coherence indication in response to at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. For example, 1112 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 804, which may transmit a phase coherence indication 816 in response to at least one phase coherence resource discontinuity detected at 814 in the set of phase coherence resources. Additionally, 1112 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 198.

[0128] At 1114, the first node may transmit a phase coherence indication to at least one of a second node or a sensing entity. For example, 1114 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 804, which may transmit a phase coherence indication 816 to at least one of the unconnected node 802 or the sensing entity 806. Additionally, 1114 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 198.

[0129] At 1116, the first node may transmit a phase coherence indication after transmitting the set of sensed signals to the second node. For example, 1116 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 804, which may transmit a phase coherence indication 816 after transmitting the set of sensed signals 810. Additionally, 1116 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3, Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 and is performed by component 198 in Figure 18 .

[0130] Figure 12 FIG. 1200 is a flowchart of a method of wireless communication. The method may be performed by a second node (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless nodes 502, 504, 506, 508, 802; device 1604; network entities 1602, 1702, 1860). At 1202, the second node may receive a set of sensing signals. For example, 1202 may be performed by wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may receive a set of reflected sensing signals 812 reflected from a target object 803 from wireless node 804. Additionally, 1202 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 8 and is performed by wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may receive a set of reflected sensing signals 812 reflected from a target object 803 from wireless node 804. Additionally, 1202 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 and is performed by component 199 in Figure 18 .

[0131] At 1204, the second node may receive a phase coherence indication based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals from the first node. For example, 1204 may be performed by wireless node 804 in Figure 8 , which may receive a phase coherence indication 816 from wireless node 804 based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities detected at 814 associated with the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1204 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 8 and is performed by wireless node 804 in Figure 8 , which may receive a phase coherence indication 816 from wireless node 804 based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities detected at 814 associated with the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1204 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 and is performed by component 199 in Figure 18 .

[0132] At 1206, the second node may measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. For example, 1206 may be performed by wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 812 or the set of reflected sensing signals 824 based on the phase coherence indication 816. Additionally, 1206 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 8 and is performed by wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may measure the set of reflected sensing signals 812 or the set of reflected sensing signals 824 based on the phase coherence indication 816. Additionally, 1206 may be performed by component 199 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 , Figure 18 . Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 and is performed by component 199 in Figure 18 .

[0133] Figure 13is a flowchart 1300 of a method for wireless communication. This method can be executed by a second node (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless nodes 502, 504, 506, 508, 802; device 1604; network entities 1602, 1702, 1860). At 1302, the second node can receive a set of sensing signals. For example, 1302 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0134] At 1304, the second node can receive a phase coherence indication, which is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals from the first node. For example, 1304 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0135] At 1306, the second node can measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. For example, 1306 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 in Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0136] At 1308, the second node can send a sensing report to the sensing entity based on the measured set of sensing signals and the phase coherence indication. For example, 1308 can be executed by Figure 8is performed by the wireless node 802 therein, which may send a sensing measurement report 834 to the sensing entity 806 based on a set of sensed signal sets measured at 830 and a phase coherence indication 816 or a phase coherence indication 828. Additionally, 1308 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 199.

[0137] At 1310, the second node may receive a phase coherence indication after receiving the set of sensed signals from the first node. For example, 1310 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 802 therein, which may receive the phase coherence indication 816 after receiving the reflected set of sensed signals 812. Additionally, 1310 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 199.

[0138] At 1312, the second node may receive a phase coherence indication between receiving the first sensed signal in the set of sensed signals and receiving the second signal in the set of sensed signals. For example, 1312 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 802 therein, which may receive the phase coherence indication 816 from the wireless node 804 between receiving the first sensed signal in the set of sensed signals 810 and receiving the second signal in the set of sensed signals 822. Additionally, 1312 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 199.

[0139] At 1314, the second node may divide the set of sensed signals into equal groups of sensed signals. For example, 1314 may be performed by Figure 8 in the wireless node 802 therein, which may divide the set of sensed signals 810 into equal groups of sensed signals at 830. Additionally, 1314 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 in the component 199.

[0140] At 1316, the second node may calculate the probability of the presence of phase discontinuity for each equal group of sensed signals. For example, 1316 may be performed by Figure 8is performed by the wireless node 802 therein, which can calculate the phase discontinuity presence probability for each equal group of sensed signals at 830. Additionally, 1316 can be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0141] At 1318, the second node can measure the group of sensed signals having the lowest phase discontinuity presence probability among the equal groups of sensed signals. For example, 1318 can be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 therein, which can measure the group of sensed signals having the lowest phase discontinuity presence probability among the equal groups of sensed signals at 830. Additionally, 1318 can be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0142] At 1320, the second node can identify the largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensed signals from the group of sensed signals. For example, 1320 can be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 therein, which can identify the largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensed signals from the group of sensed signals 810 or the group of sensed signals 822. Additionally, 1320 can be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0143] At 1322, the second node can measure the largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensed signals. For example, 1322 can be performed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 therein, which can measure the largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensed signals from the group of sensed signals 810 or the group of sensed signals 822. Additionally, 1322 can be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 in

[0144] Figure 14Flowchart 1400 of a method for wireless communication. This method can be executed by a second node (e.g., UE 104, UE 350, UE 404; base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless nodes 502, 504, 506, 508, 802; device 1604; network entities 1602, 1702, 1860). At 1402, the second node can receive a set of sensing signals. For example, 1402 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 therein, which can receive a set of reflected sensing signals 812 reflected from the target object 803 from the wireless node 804. In addition, 1402 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 therein.

[0145] At 1404, the second node can receive a phase coherence indication, which is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals from the first node. For example, 1404 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 804 therein, which can receive a phase coherence indication 816 from the wireless node 804 based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities detected at 814 associated with the set of sensing signals 810. In addition, 1404 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 therein.

[0146] At 1406, the second node can measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. For example, 1406 can be executed by Figure 8 the wireless node 802 therein, which can measure the set of reflected sensing signals 812 or the set of reflected sensing signals 824 based on the phase coherence indication 816. In addition, 1406 can be executed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 the component 199 therein.

[0147] At 1410, the second node can receive a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals. For example, 1410 can be executed by Figure 8is performed by the wireless node 802 therein, which may receive a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals as a sub-CPI configuration 818. Additionally, 1410 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 by the component 199 therein.

[0148] At 1412, the second node may calculate an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals based on the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals and a phase coherence indication. For example, 1412 may be performed by the wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may calculate an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals at 820 based on the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals and the phase coherence indication 816. Additionally, 1412 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 or Figure 18 by the component 199 therein.

[0149] At 1414, the second node may receive a minimum threshold from at least one of the first node or the sensing entity. For example, 1414 may be performed by the wireless node 802 in Figure 8 , which may receive a minimum threshold as a sub-CPI configuration 818 from at least one of the wireless node 804 or the sensing entity 806. Additionally, 1414 may be performed by Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure , ​ or ​ by the component 199 therein.

[0150] At 1416, the second node may identify a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. For example, 1416 may be performed by the wireless node 802 in ​ , which may identify a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals 810 or the set of sensing signals 822. Additionally, 1416 may be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ by the component 199 therein.

[0151] At 1418, the second node may measure the maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals in response to the maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold. For example, 1418 may be performed by ​is performed by the wireless node 802 in, which can measure the maximum consecutive subset of the phase coherence sensing signal at 830 in response to the maximum consecutive subset of the phase coherence sensing signal having a length greater than a minimum threshold. Additionally, 1418 can be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ in the component 199.

[0152] At 1420, the second node can identify a set of consecutive subsets of the phase coherence sensing signal having a length greater than a minimum threshold from the set of sensing signals. For example, 1420 can be performed by the wireless node 802 in ​ , which can identify a set of consecutive subsets of the phase coherence sensing signal having a length greater than a minimum threshold from the set of sensing signals at 830. Additionally, 1420 can be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ in the component 199.

[0153] At 1422, the second node can measure the set of sensing signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of the phase coherence sensing signal. For example, 1422 can be performed by the wireless node 802 in ​ , which can measure the set of sensing signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of the phase coherence sensing signal at 830. Additionally, 1422 can be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ in the component 199.

[0154] ​ is a flowchart 1500 of a method of wireless communication. The method can be performed by a sensing entity (e.g., base station 102, base station 310; TRP 402, TRP 406; wireless node 502, wireless node 504, wireless node 506, wireless node 508, sensing entity 806; network entity 1602, network entity 1702, network entity 1860). At 1502, the first node can obtain an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensing signals. For example, 1502 can be performed by the sensing entity 806 in ​ , which can obtain a phase coherence indication 816 of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals 810. Additionally, 1502 can be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ in the component 197.

[0155] At 1504, a first node may send a sub-CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on an indication of the set of phase-coherent discontinuities. For example, 1504 may be performed by ​ the sensing entity 806 in, which may send a sub-CPI configuration 818 to the wireless node 804 or to the wireless node 802 based on a phase-coherence indication 816 of the set of phase-coherent discontinuities. Additionally, 1504 may be performed by ​ , ​ , ​ or ​ the component 197 in.

[0156] ​FIG. 1600 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for apparatus 1604. Apparatus 1604 may be a UE, a component of a UE, or may implement UE functionality. In some aspects, apparatus 1204 may include a cellular baseband processor 1624 (also referred to as a modem) coupled to one or more transceivers 1622 (e.g., cellular RF transceivers). The cellular baseband processor 1624 may include on-chip memory 1624'. In some aspects, apparatus 1604 may also include one or more subscriber identity module (SIM) cards 1620 and an application processor 1606, which is coupled to a secure digital (SD) card 1608 and a screen 1610. The application processor 1606 may include on-chip memory 1606'. In some aspects, apparatus 1604 may also include a Bluetooth module 1612, a WLAN module 1614, an SPS module 1616 (e.g., GNSS module), one or more sensor modules 1618 (e.g., barometric pressure sensor / altimeter; motion sensors such as an inertial measurement unit (IMU), gyroscope, and / or accelerometer; light detection and ranging (LIDAR), radio assisted detection and ranging (RADAR), sound navigation and ranging (SONAR), magnetometer, audio, and / or other technologies for positioning), an additional memory module 1626, a power supply 1630, and / or a camera 1632. The Bluetooth module 1612, the WLAN module 1614, and the SPS module 1616 may include on-chip transceivers (TRX) (or in some cases, only receivers (Rx)). The Bluetooth module 1612, the WLAN module 1614, and the SPS module 1616 may include their own dedicated antennas and / or communicate using antenna 1680. The cellular baseband processor 1624 communicates with UE 104 and / or the RU associated with network entity 1602 via transceiver 1622 through one or more antennas 1680. The cellular baseband processor 1624 and the application processor 1606 may each separately include computer-readable media / memory 1624', 1606'. The additional memory module 1626 may also be considered computer-readable media / memory. Each computer-readable media / memory 1624', 1606', 1626 may be non-transitory. The cellular baseband processor 1624 and the application processor 1606 are each responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable media / memory. The software, when executed by the cellular baseband processor 1624 / application processor 1606, causes the cellular baseband processor 1624 / application processor 1606 to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable media / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the cellular baseband processor 1624 / application processor 1606 when executing the software.The cellular baseband processor 1624 / application processor 1606 can be a component of the UE 350 and can include the memory 360 and / or at least one of the Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and the controller / processor 359. In one configuration, the device 1604 can be a processor chip (modem and / or application) and include only the cellular baseband processor 1624 and / or the application processor 1606, and in another configuration, the device 1604 can be the entire UE (e.g., see. ​ the UE 350) and include additional modules of the device 1604.

[0157] As discussed above, component 198 may be configured to send a set of sensing signals. Component 198 may be configured to send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Component 198 may be within the cellular baseband processor 1624, the application processor 1606, or both the cellular baseband processor 1624 and the application processor 1606. Component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. As shown, device 1604 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1604 (and in particular the cellular baseband processor 1624 and / or the application processor 1606) may include means for sending a set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for sending a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for sending a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication in response to the transmission of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission. Device 1604 may include means for tracking the phase continuity of the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication in response to detecting at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Device 1604 may be one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS. Device 1604 may include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication to at least one of a second node or a sensing entity. Device 1604 may include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication after sending the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications. The set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier. Device 1604 may include means for sending the set of sensing signals by initiating the transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities.A continuous subset of the phase coherent sensing signals can include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 can include components for receiving an indication of the minimum threshold number from a sensing entity. Apparatus 1604 can include components for transmitting the set of sensing signals by initiating a transmission of a continuous subset of the phase coherent sensing signals and repeating the transmission of the continuous subset of the sensing signals in response to a failure to transmit the continuous subset of the sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 can include components for transmitting the set of sensing signals by stopping the transmission of the set of sensing signals in response to a failure to transmit the continuous subset of the sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times. Apparatus 1604 can include components for reserving a set of resources associated with a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals in response to initiating a transmission of a continuous subset of the phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 can include components for releasing the set of resources in response to a failure to transmit the continuous subset of the sensing signals. The components can be component 198 of apparatus 1604 configured to perform the functions recited by the components. As described above, apparatus 1604 can include Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and controller / processor 359. Thus, in one configuration, the components can be Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and / or controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the components.

[0158] As discussed above, component 199 may be configured to receive a set of sensing signals. Component 199 may be configured to receive a phase coherence indication from a first node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Component 199 may be configured to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Component 199 may be within the cellular baseband processor 1624, the application processor 1606, or both the cellular baseband processor 1624 and the application processor 1606. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. As shown, device 1604 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, device 1604 (and specifically the cellular baseband processor 1624 and / or the application processor 1606) may include means for receiving a set of sensing signals from a first node. Device 1604 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication that is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Device 1604 may include one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS. Device 1604 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication after receiving the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication between receiving a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and receiving a second signal in the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by dividing the set of sensing signals into equal groups of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by calculating a probability of phase discontinuity presence for each equal group of sensing signals. Device 1604 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by measuring the group of sensing signals having the lowest probability of phase discontinuity presence in an equal group of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications. The set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier.Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals in response to the maximum continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold. Apparatus 1604 may include components for receiving a minimum threshold from at least one of a first node or a sensing entity. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals that have a length greater than a minimum threshold. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals by measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals by averaging each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals by sorting each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals according to the corresponding length of each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for sending a sensing report to a sensing entity based on the measured set of sensing and phase coherence indication signals. The sensing report may include at least one of the length of the measured continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of a set of measured continuous subsets of phase coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for receiving the set of sensing signals by receiving a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals. Apparatus 1604 may include components for calculating an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals based on the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherent sensing signals and a phase coherence indication. The component may be component 199 of apparatus 1604 configured to perform the functions recited by the component. As described above, apparatus 1604 may include Tx processor 368, Rx processor 356, and controller / processor 359.Thus, in one configuration, the component can be the Tx processor 368, the Rx processor 356, and / or the controller / processor 359 configured to perform the functions recited by the component.

[0159] ​ FIG. 1700 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for a network entity 1702. The network entity 1702 can be a BS, a component of a BS, or can implement BS functionality. The network entity 1702 can include at least one of a CU 1710, a DU 1730, or an RU 1740. For example, depending on the layer functionality handled by the component 199, the network entity 1702 can include the CU 1710; both the CU 1710 and the DU 1730; each of the CU 1710, the DU 1730, and the RU 1740; the DU 1730; both the DU 1730 and the RU 1740; or the RU 1740. The CU 1710 can include a CU processor 1712. The CU processor 1712 can include an on-chip memory 1712'. In some aspects, the CU 1710 can also include additional memory modules 1714 and a communication interface 1718. The CU 1710 communicates with the DU 1730 via a midhaul link, such as an F1 interface. The DU 1730 can include a DU processor 1732. The DU processor 1732 can include an on-chip memory 1732'. In some aspects, the DU 1730 can also include additional memory modules 1734 and a communication interface 1738. The DU 1730 communicates with the RU 1740 via a fronthaul link. The RU 1740 can include an RU processor 1742. The RU processor 1742 can include an on-chip memory 1742'. In some aspects, the RU 1740 can also include additional memory modules 1744, one or more transceivers 1746, an antenna 1780, and a communication interface 1748. The RU 1740 communicates with the UE 104. The on-chip memories 1712', 1732', 1742' and the additional memory modules 1714, 1734, 1744 can each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory can be non-transitory. Each of the processors 1712, 1732, 1742 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor, causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory can also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0160] As discussed above, component 198 can be configured to send a set of sensing signals. Component 198 can be configured to send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Component 198 can be within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1710, DU 1730, and RU 1740. Component 198 can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1702 can include multiple components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1702 can include means for sending a set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication in response to the sending of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission. Network entity 1702 can include means for tracking the phase continuity of the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication in response to detecting at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Network entity 1702 can be one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals can include PRS or SRS. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication to at least one of a second node or a sensing entity. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a phase coherence indication by sending the phase coherence indication after sending the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication can include a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication can include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication can include a set of location indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities can correspond to one location indication in the set of location indications. The set of location indications can include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending the set of sensing signals by initiating the transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. The continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals can include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals.The network entity 1702 may include components for receiving an indication of a minimum threshold number from a sensing entity. The network entity 1702 may include components for initiating the transmission of the set of sensing signals by repeating the transmission of a consecutive subset of the phase coherent sensing signals in response to a failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for initiating the transmission of the set of sensing signals by stopping the transmission of the set of sensing signals in response to a failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times. The network entity 1702 may include components for reserving a set of resources associated with a minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensing signals in response to initiating the transmission of a consecutive subset of the phase coherent sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for releasing the set of resources in response to a failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals. The components may be component 198 of the network entity 1702 configured to perform the functions recited by the components. As described above, the network entity 1702 may include a Tx processor 316, an Rx processor 370, and a controller / processor 375. Thus, in one configuration, these components may be the Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions recited by these components.

[0161] As discussed above, component 199 may be configured to receive a set of sensing signals. Component 199 may be configured to receive a phase coherence indication from a first node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Component 199 may be configured to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Component 199 may be within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1710, DU 1730, and RU 1740. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1702 may include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1702 may include means for receiving a set of sensing signals from a first node. Network entity 1702 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication that is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Network entity 1702 may include one of a TRP, UE, sensing reference unit, or positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS. Network entity 1702 may include means for receiving the phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication after receiving the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 may include means for receiving the phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication between receiving a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and receiving a second signal in the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by dividing the set of sensing signals into equal groups of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by calculating a probability of phase discontinuity presence for each equal group of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by measuring the group of sensing signals having the lowest probability of phase discontinuity presence in an equal group of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications. The set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier. Network entity 1702 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by identifying a largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals.The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals in response to the maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold. The network entity 1702 may include components for receiving a minimum threshold from at least one of a first node or a sensing entity. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold from the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by averaging each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by sorting each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals according to the corresponding length of each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for sending a sensing report to the sensing entity based on the measured set of sensing signals and the phase coherence indication. The sensing report may include at least one of the length of the measured continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of a set of measured continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for receiving a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1702 may include components for calculating an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals based on the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals and the phase coherence indication. The component may be component 199 of the network entity 1702 configured to perform the functions recited by the component. As described above, the network entity 1702 may include a Tx processor 316, an Rx processor 370, and a controller / processor 375.Thus, in one configuration, these components can be the Tx processor 316, Rx processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 that are configured to perform the functions ascribed to these components.

[0162] As discussed above, component 197 can be configured to obtain an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensing signals. Component 197 can be configured to send a sub-CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Component 197 can be within one or more processors of one or more of CU 1710, DU 1730, and RU 1740. Component 197 can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1702 can include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1702 can include means for obtaining an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for sending a sub-CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Network entity 1702 can include means for obtaining the indication by receiving the indication from a transmitter node or a receiver node. Network entity 1702 can include means for obtaining the indication by receiving the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for obtaining the indication by measuring the set of sensing signals to identify at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. The sub-CPI configuration can include a minimum threshold of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals to be measured. The sub-CPI configuration can include an indication to average a set of continuous subsets of phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold. The means in network entity 1702 for the sub-CPI configuration can include an indication to average a set of continuous subsets of phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold. Network entity 1702 can include means for fusing a sensing report with a set of other sensing reports received from a network node different from the receiver node. The sensing report can include at least one of the length of a measured continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of a set of measured continuous subsets of phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for fusing the sensing report with the set of other sensing reports based on at least one of the length of the measured continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals or the average length of the set of measured continuous subsets of phase coherence sensing signals. Network entity 1702 can include means for receiving a sensing report from a receiver node based on the sub-CPI configuration. Network entity 1702 can include means for generating at least one of a range-Doppler angle map or a point cloud based on the sensing report and the sub-CPI configuration. The means can be component 197 of network entity 1702 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.As described above, network entity 1702 may include a Tx processor 316, an Rx processor 370, and a controller / processor 375. Thus, in one configuration, these components may be the Tx processor 316, the Rx processor 370, and / or the controller / processor 375 configured to perform the functions ascribed to these components.

[0163] ​ FIG. 1800 is a diagram illustrating an example of a hardware implementation for network entity 1860. In one example, network entity 1860 may be located within core network 120. Network entity 1860 may include a network processor 1812. Network processor 1812 may include on-chip memory 1812'. In some aspects, network entity 1860 may further include additional memory modules 1814. Network entity 1860 communicates with CU 1802 directly (e.g., backhaul link) or indirectly (e.g., through the RIC) via network interface 1880. On-chip memory 1812' and additional memory modules 1814 may each be considered a computer-readable medium / memory. Each computer-readable medium / memory may be non-transitory. Processor 1812 is responsible for general processing, including executing software stored on the computer-readable medium / memory. The software, when executed by the corresponding processor, causes the processor to perform the various functions described above. The computer-readable medium / memory may also be used to store data manipulated by the processor when executing the software.

[0164] As discussed above, component 198 may be configured to send a set of sensing signals to a second node. Component 198 may be configured as a sensing signal sending component 198. Component 198 may be within processor 1812. Component 198 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1860 may include multiple components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1860 may include components for sending a set of sensing signals to a second node. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a phase coherence indication based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a phase coherence indication by sending a phase coherence indication in response to the transmission of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission. Network entity 1860 may include components for tracking the phase continuity of the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a phase coherence indication by sending a phase coherence indication in response to detecting at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Network entity 1860 may be one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a phase coherence indication by sending a phase coherence indication to at least one of a second node or a sensing entity. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending a phase coherence indication by sending a phase coherence indication after sending the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications. The set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier. Network entity 1860 may include components for sending the set of sensing signals by initiating the transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. The continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals may include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include components for receiving an indication of the minimum threshold number from a sensing entity.The network entity 1860 may include components for initiating transmission of the set of sensing signals by repeating transmission of a consecutive subset of the phase coherent sensing signals in response to failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for transmitting the set of sensing signals by stopping transmission of the set of sensing signals in response to failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times. The network entity 1860 may include components for reserving a set of resources associated with a minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensing signals in response to initiating transmission of a consecutive subset of the phase coherent sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for releasing the set of resources in response to failure to transmit a consecutive subset of the sensing signals. The components may be component 198 of the network entity 1860 configured to perform the functions recited by the components.

[0165] As discussed above, component 199 may be configured to receive a set of sensing signals from a first node. Component 199 may be configured to receive a phase coherence indication based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Component 199 may be configured to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Component 199 may be within processor 1812. Component 199 may be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1860 may include a variety of components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1860 may include means for receiving a set of sensing signals from a first node. Network entity 1860 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication. Network entity 1860 may include one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit. The set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS. Network entity 1860 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication after receiving the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include means for receiving a phase coherence indication by receiving the phase coherence indication between receiving a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and receiving a second signal in the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by dividing the set of sensing signals into equal groups of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by calculating a probability of the presence of a phase discontinuity for each equal group of sensing signals. Network entity 1860 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by measuring the group of sensing signals having the lowest probability of the presence of a phase discontinuity in an equal group of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications. The set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier. Network entity 1860 may include means for measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication by identifying a largest continuous subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals.The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring a maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals in response to the maximum continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold. The network entity 1860 may include components for receiving the minimum threshold from at least one of a first node or a sensing entity. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by identifying a set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold from the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on a phase coherence indication by measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring a set of sensing signals based on the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by averaging each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for measuring each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals by sorting each continuous subset in the measured set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals according to the corresponding length of each continuous subset in the set of continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for sending a sensing report to the sensing entity based on the measured set of sensing signals and the phase coherence indication. The sensing report may include at least one of the length of the measured continuous subset of the phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of the set of measured continuous subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals of the set of sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for receiving the set of sensing signals by receiving a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals. The network entity 1860 may include components for calculating an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals based on the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals and the phase coherence indication. The component may be component 199 of the network entity 1860 configured to perform the functions recited by the component.

[0166] As discussed above, component 197 can be configured to obtain an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensed signals. Component 197 can be configured to send a sub-CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Component 197 can be within processor 1812. Component 197 can be one or more hardware components specifically configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, implemented by one or more processors configured to perform the stated processes / algorithms, stored in a computer-readable medium for implementation by one or more processors, or some combination of the above. Network entity 1860 can include various components configured for various functions. In one configuration, network entity 1860 can include means for obtaining an indication of a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with a set of sensed signals. Network entity 1860 can include means for sending a sub-CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of phase coherence discontinuities. Network entity 1860 can include means for obtaining the indication by receiving the indication from a transmitter node or a receiver node. Network entity 1860 can include means for obtaining the indication by receiving the set of sensed signals. Network entity 1860 can include means for obtaining the indication by measuring the set of sensed signals to identify at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. The sub-CPI configuration can include a minimum threshold of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals to be measured. The sub-CPI configuration can include an indication to average a set of continuous subsets of phase coherence sensed signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold. The means in network entity 1860 for the sub-CPI configuration can include an indication to average a set of continuous subsets of phase coherence sensed signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold. Network entity 1860 can include means for fusing a sensed report with a set of other sensed reports received from a network node different from the receiver node. The sensed report can include at least one of the length of a measured continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals of the set of sensed signals or the average length of a set of measured continuous subsets of phase coherence sensed signals of the set of sensed signals. Network entity 1860 can include means for fusing the sensed report with the set of other sensed reports based on at least one of the length of the measured continuous subset of phase coherence sensed signals or the average length of the set of measured continuous subsets of phase coherence sensed signals. Network entity 1860 can include means for receiving a sensed report from a receiver node based on the sub-CPI configuration. Network entity 1860 can include means for generating at least one of a range-Doppler angle map or a point cloud based on the sensed report and the sub-CPI configuration. The means can be component 197 of network entity 1860 configured to perform the functions recited by the means.

[0167] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the disclosed process / flowchart is only illustrative of the example method. It should be understood that, based on design preferences, the specific order or hierarchy of the boxes in the process / flowchart can be rearranged. Additionally, some boxes can be combined or omitted. The appended method claims present the elements of the various boxes in a sample order, but are not limited to the specific order or hierarchy presented.

[0168] The foregoing description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Thus, the claims are not limited to the aspects described herein, but are to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claims, and the singular forms of elements are not intended to mean "one and only one" but "one or more" unless specifically stated otherwise. Terms such as "if," "when," and "while" do not denote a direct temporal relationship or reaction. That is, these phrases, such as "when...," do not mean an immediate action in response to or during the occurrence of an action, but simply imply that if the condition is met, then the action will occur, without requiring a specific or immediate time limitation for the occurrence of the action. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or having an advantage over other aspects. Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "some" refers to one or more. Combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," "one or more of A, B, and C," and "any combination of A, B, C, or any of them," including any combination of A, B, and / or C, may include multiple A's, multiple B's, or multiple C's. Specifically, combinations such as "at least one of A, B, or C," "one or more of A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," "one or more of A, B, and C," and "any combination of A, B, C, or any of them" can be only A, only B, only C, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C, where any such combination may contain one or more members of A, B, or C. A set should be construed as a collection of elements, where the number of elements is one or more. Thus, for a set of X, X will include one or more elements. If a first device receives data from or transmits data to a second device, the data may be received / transmitted directly between the first and second devices or indirectly between the first and second devices through a collection of devices. All structural and functional equivalents of elements of the various aspects described throughout this disclosure that are known or later will be known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated herein by reference and are covered by the claims. Additionally, nothing disclosed herein is intended to be dedicated to the public, whether or not such disclosure is expressly recited in the claims. The words "module," "mechanism," "element," "device," etc. are not to be used in place of the word "component." Thus, no claim element is to be construed as a means-plus-function unless the element is expressly recited using the phrase "means for...".

[0169] As used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed to mean a closed set of information, one or more conditions, one or more factors, etc. In other words, the phrase "based on A" (where "A" can be information, a condition, a factor, etc.) should be construed as "at least based on A", unless stated otherwise specifically.

[0170] A device configured to "output" data (such as a transmission, a signal, or a message) may, for example, transmit the data using a transceiver, may transfer the data to a device that transmits the data, or may transfer the data to a module of the device. A device configured to "obtain" data (such as a transmission, a signal, or a message) may, for example, receive the data using a transceiver, or may obtain the data from a module of the device that receives the data.

[0171] The following aspects are merely illustrative and may be combined with other aspects or teachings described herein, without limitation.

[0172] Aspect 1 is a method for wireless communication at a first node, where the method may include transmitting a set of sensing signals to a second node. The method may include transmitting a phase coherence indication that is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0173] Aspect 2 is the method according to Aspect 1, where the method may include transmitting a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals. Transmitting the phase coherence indication may include transmitting the phase coherence indication in response to the transmission of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission.

[0174] Aspect 3 is the method according to any one of Aspects 1 or 2, where the method may include tracking the phase continuity of the set of sensing signals. Transmitting the phase coherence indication may include transmitting the phase coherence indication in response to detecting at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities.

[0175] Aspect 4 is the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, where the first node may include one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

[0176] Aspect 5 is the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 4, where the set of sensing signals may include PRS or SRS.

[0177] Aspect 6 is the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, where transmitting the phase coherence indication may include transmitting the phase coherence indication to at least one of the second node or a sensing entity.

[0178] Aspect 7 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 6, wherein transmitting the phase coherence indication may include transmitting the phase coherence indication after transmitting the set of sensing signals.

[0179] Aspect 8 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 7, wherein the phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0180] Aspect 9 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 8, wherein the phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0181] Aspect 10 is the method according to aspect 9, wherein the phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications.

[0182] Aspect 11 is the method according to aspect 10, wherein the set of position indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier.

[0183] Aspect 12 is the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11, wherein transmitting the set of sensing signals may include initiating transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities. The continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals may include a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals.

[0184] Aspect 13 is the method according to aspect 12, wherein the method may include receiving an indication of the minimum threshold number from a sensing entity.

[0185] Aspect 14 is the method according to any one of aspects 12 or 13, wherein transmitting the set of sensing signals may include initiating the transmission of the continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals again in response to failing to transmit the continuous subset of sensing signals. Transmitting the set of sensing signals may include stopping the transmission of the set of sensing signals in response to failing to transmit the continuous subset of sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times.

[0186] Aspect 15 is the method according to any one of aspects 12 to 14, wherein the method may include reserving a set of resources associated with the minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals in response to initiating the transmission of the continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals. The method may include releasing the set of resources in response to failing to transmit the continuous subset of sensing signals.

[0187] Aspect 16 is a method for wireless communication at a second node, where the method may include receiving a set of sensing signals from a first node. The method may include receiving a phase coherence indication, which is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals. The method may include measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication.

[0188] Aspect 17 is the method according to aspect 16, where the second node may include one of a TRP, a UE, a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

[0189] Aspect 18 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 or 17, where the set of sensing signals includes PRS or SRS.

[0190] Aspect 19 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 18, where receiving the phase coherence indication may include receiving the phase coherence indication after receiving the set of sensing signals.

[0191] Aspect 20 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 19, where receiving the phase coherence indication may include receiving the phase coherence indication between receiving a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and receiving a second signal in the set of sensing signals.

[0192] Aspect 21 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 20, where the phase coherence indication may include a binary indication of the presence or absence of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0193] Aspect 22 is the method according to aspect 21, where measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include dividing the set of sensing signals into equal groups of sensing signals. Measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include calculating a phase discontinuity presence probability for each equal group of sensing signals. Measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include measuring the group of sensing signals in the equal groups of sensing signals that has the lowest phase discontinuity presence probability.

[0194] Aspect 23 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 and 22, where the phase coherence indication may include the total number of the set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

[0195] Aspect 24 is the method according to aspect 23, where the phase coherence indication may include a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals. Each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities may correspond to one position indication in the set of position indications.

[0196] Aspect 25 is the method according to aspect 24, wherein the set of location indications may include a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier.

[0197] Aspect 26 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 25, wherein measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include identifying a maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. Measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include measuring the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensing signals.

[0198] Aspect 27 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 26, wherein measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include identifying the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensing signals from the set of sensing signals. Measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include measuring the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensing signals in response to the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold.

[0199] Aspect 28 is the method according to aspect 27, wherein the method may include receiving the minimum threshold from at least one of the first node or the sensing entity.

[0200] Aspect 29 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 28, wherein measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include identifying a set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold from the set of sensing signals. Measuring the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication may include measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals.

[0201] Aspect 30 is the method according to aspect 29, wherein measuring the set of sensing signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals may include measuring each consecutive subset of the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals. Measuring each consecutive subset of the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals may include averaging each consecutive subset of the measured set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals.

[0202] Aspect 31 is the method according to aspect 30, wherein measuring each consecutive subset of the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals may include sorting each consecutive subset of the measured set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals by a respective length of each consecutive subset of the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals.

[0203] Aspect 32 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 31, wherein the method may include sending a sensing report to a sensing entity based on a measured set of sensing signals and the phase coherence indication.

[0204] Aspect 33 is the method according to aspect 32, wherein the sensing report may include at least one of the length of a measured consecutive subset of the phase coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of a set of measured consecutive subsets of the phase coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals.

[0205] Aspect 34 is the method according to any one of aspects 16 to 33, wherein receiving the set of sensing signals may include receiving a modified configuration for increasing the number of the set of sensing signals based on a minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensing signals.

[0206] Aspect 35 is the method according to aspect 34, wherein the method may include calculating an increment in the number of the set of sensing signals based on the minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensing signals and the phase coherence indication.

[0207] Aspect 36 is a method for wireless communication at a sensing entity, wherein the method may include obtaining an indication of a set of non - consecutive phase coherences associated with a set of sensing signals. The method may include sending a sub - CPI configuration to at least one of a transmitter node or a receiver node based on the indication of the set of non - consecutive phase coherences.

[0208] Aspect 37 is the method according to aspect 36, wherein obtaining the indication may include receiving the indication from a transmitter node or a receiver node.

[0209] Aspect 38 is the method according to aspect 36 or 37, wherein obtaining the indication may include receiving the set of sensing signals. Obtaining the indication may include measuring the set of sensing signals to identify at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of non - consecutive phase coherences.

[0210] Aspect 39 is the method according to any one of aspects 36 to 38, wherein the sub - CPI configuration may include a minimum threshold of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals to be measured.

[0211] Aspect 40 is the method according to aspect 39, wherein the sub - CPI configuration may include an indication to average a set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensing signals having a length greater than the minimum threshold.

[0212] Aspect 41 is the method according to any one of aspects 36 to 40, wherein the method may include receiving a sensing report from the receiver node based on the sub-CPI configuration. The method may include fusing the sensing report with a set of other sensing reports received from a network node different from the receiver node.

[0213] Aspect 42 is the method according to aspect 41, wherein the sensing report may include at least one of the length of a measured consecutive subset of the phase-coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals or the average length of a set of measured consecutive subsets of the phase-coherent sensing signals of the set of sensing signals. Fusing the sensing report with the set of other sensing reports may be based on at least one of the length of the measured consecutive subset of the phase-coherent sensing signals or the average length of the set of measured consecutive subsets of the phase-coherent sensing signals.

[0214] Aspect 43 is the method according to any one of aspects 36 to 42, wherein the method may include receiving a sensing report from the receiver node based on the sub-CPI configuration. The method may include generating at least one of a range-Doppler angle map or a point cloud based on the sensing report and the sub-CPI configuration.

[0215] Aspect 44 is a device for wireless communication, the device including: a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory, and at least partially based on information stored in the memory, the at least one processor being configured to implement any one of aspects 1 to 43.

[0216] Aspect 45 is the device according to aspect 44, the device further including at least one of an antenna or a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor.

[0217] Aspect 46 is a device for wireless communication, the device including components for implementing any one of aspects 1 to 43.

[0218] Aspect 47 is a computer-readable medium (e.g., a non-transitory computer-readable medium) storing computer-executable code, wherein the code, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to implement any one of aspects 1 to 43.

Claims

1. An apparatus for wireless communication at a first node, the apparatus comprising: a memory; and at least one processor coupled to the memory and configured, at least in part based on information stored in the memory, to: send a set of sensing signals; and send a phase coherence indication for a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals.

2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the device further comprises: a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: send a communication signal between a first transmission of a first sensing signal in the set of sensing signals and a second transmission of a second sensing signal in the set of sensing signals via the transceiver, wherein, in order to send the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to send the phase coherence indication in response to the transmission of the communication signal between the first transmission and the second transmission.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: track the phase continuity of the set of sensing signals, wherein, in order to send the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to send the phase coherence indication in response to at least one phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first node comprises one of a transmit receive point (TRP), a user equipment (UE), a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in order to send the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: send the phase coherence indication to at least one of the second node or a sensing entity.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in order to send the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: send the phase coherence indication after sending the set of sensing signals.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in order to send the set of sensing signals, the at least one processor is configured to: initiate transmission of a continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to detecting a phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities, wherein the continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals comprises a minimum threshold number of continuous phase coherence sensing signals.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: receive an indication of the minimum threshold number from a sensing entity.

9. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein, in order to send the set of sensing signals, the at least one processor is further configured to: initiate a repeat of the transmission of the continuous subset of phase coherence sensing signals in response to a failure to send the continuous subset of sensing signals; and stop sending the set of sensing signals in response to a failure to send the continuous subset of sensing signals a maximum threshold number of times.

10. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Reserve a set of resources associated with the minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherence sensing signals in response to the transmission of the consecutive subsets of the phase coherence sensing signals; and Release the set of resources in response to the failure to transmit the consecutive subsets of the sensing signals.

11. An apparatus for wireless communication at a second node, the apparatus comprising: A memory; And At least one processor coupled to the memory and configured, at least in part based on information stored in the memory, to: Receive a set of sensing signals; Receive a phase coherence indication from a first node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensing signals; and Measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the second node comprises one of a transmit receive point (TRP), a user equipment (UE), a sensing reference unit, or a positioning reference unit.

13. The apparatus according to claim 11, the apparatus further comprising a transceiver coupled to the at least one processor, wherein, in order to receive the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: After receiving the set of sensing signals, receive the phase coherence indication via the transceiver.

14. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, in order to receive the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: Receive the phase coherence indication between receiving a first sensing signal of the set of sensing signals and receiving a second signal of the set of sensing signals.

15. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the phase coherence indication comprises a binary indication of the presence or absence of a phase coherence discontinuity associated with the set of sensing signals.

16. The apparatus according to claim 15, wherein, in order to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: Divide the set of sensing signals into equal groups of sensing signals; Calculate a phase discontinuity presence probability for each equal group of sensing signals; And Measure the group of sensing signals in the equal groups of sensing signals having the lowest phase discontinuity presence probability.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, wherein the phase coherence indication further comprises a set of position indications associated with the set of sensing signals, wherein each phase coherence discontinuity in the set of phase coherence discontinuities corresponds to one of the set of position indications.

18. The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the set of position indications comprises a timestamp or a sensing signal identifier.

19. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, in order to measure the set of sensing signals based on the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: Identify the largest consecutive subset of phase coherence sensing signals from the set of sensing signals; and Measure the largest consecutive subset of phase coherence sensing signals.

20. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, in order to measure the set of sensed signals based on the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: Identify a maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensed signals from the set of sensed signals; and Measure the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensed signals in response to the maximum consecutive subset of phase coherent sensed signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Receive the minimum threshold from at least one of the first node or the sensing entity.

22. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, in order to measure the set of sensed signals based on the phase coherence indication, the at least one processor is configured to: Identify a set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals having a length greater than a minimum threshold from the set of sensed signals; and Measure the set of sensed signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein, in order to measure the set of sensed signals based on the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals, the at least one processor is configured to: Measure each consecutive subset in the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals; and Average each consecutive subset in the measured set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein, in order to measure each consecutive subset in the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals, the at least one processor is configured to: Sort each consecutive subset in the measured set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals by a respective length of each consecutive subset in the set of consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals.

25. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Send a sensing report to the sensing entity based on the measured set of sensed signals and the phase coherence indication.

26. The apparatus according to claim 25, wherein the sensing report includes at least one of a length of the measured consecutive subset of phase coherent sensed signals of the set of sensed signals or an average length of the set of measured consecutive subsets of phase coherent sensed signals of the set of sensed signals.

27. The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Receive a modified configuration to increase the number of the set of sensed signals based on a minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensed signals.

28. The apparatus according to claim 27, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to: Calculate an increment of the number of the set of sensed signals based on the minimum threshold number of consecutive phase coherent sensed signals and the phase coherence indication.

29. A method for wireless communication at a first node, the method comprising: Sending a set of sensed signals; And Send a phase coherence indication to a second node, the phase coherence indication being based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensed signals.

30. A method for wireless communication at a second node, the method comprising: Receiving a set of sensed signals; Receiving, from a first node, a phase coherence indication that is based on a set of phase coherence discontinuities associated with the set of sensed signals; And Measuring the set of sensed signals based on the phase coherence indication.

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