Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) plastic master batch capable of reducing viscosity and proportioning method of ABS plastic master batch

Abstract

The invention discloses an ABS plastic master batch capable of reducing viscosity and a proportioning method thereof, and particularly relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, the ABS plastic master batch comprises the following components by weight: 40%-60% of an ABS base material, 20%-40% of a concentrated modified master batch, 3%-8% of a composite anti-sticking agent, 1%-5% of a lubricant, 2%-6% of a nano reinforcing filler, and 0.5%-3% of a dispersant; wherein the concentrated modified master batch is prepared by concentrating and granulating an ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) base material through a double-screw extruder at 180-220 DEG C, the concentration proportion is 30-50% of that of the raw materials, and the composite anti-sticking agent is a blend of organic silicone powder and modified silicone oil in a mass ratio of (1: 2)-(2: 1). The proportioning method comprises the steps of concentrated master batch extrusion, multi-component premixing, secondary granulation and air-cooled drying, after the master batch and pure ABS resin are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 2-1: 4, the master batch and pure ABS resin are suitable for highlight injection molding and extrusion molding, the surface roughness Ra of a product is smaller than or equal to 0.8 mu m, the viscosity is reduced by 35% or above, and meanwhile, the product has high glossiness, high heat resistance and mechanical strength. The problems that a traditional ABS material is high in processing viscosity and poor in surface quality are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of polymer materials, and more specifically, to an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity and its formulation method. Background Art

[0002] ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), as a high-performance thermoplastic engineering plastic, is widely used in fields such as automotive manufacturing, household appliances, electronic components, and industrial products due to its excellent mechanical strength, impact resistance, and processing adaptability. However, in the actual processing process, the problems of high melt viscosity and surface tackiness of traditional ABS materials have become increasingly prominent, becoming the key bottleneck restricting its application in high-end fields.

[0003] Specifically, high tackiness will cause problems such as large melt flow resistance and severe mold adhesion during injection molding or extrusion molding of ABS, which not only increases equipment wear and energy consumption, but also often causes scratches, deformation, or damage on the surface of the product due to difficult demolding, affecting the product yield. At the same time, in the traditional process, the modification schemes that solely rely on anti-tack agents such as silicone oil and paraffin can temporarily reduce the melt viscosity, but they are prone to cause new problems such as deterioration of the mechanical properties of the material (such as a decrease in tensile strength), insufficient heat resistance stability (a decrease in the heat distortion temperature), and surface defects (such as flow marks and uneven gloss) caused by uneven dispersion. For example, in scenarios with strict surface quality requirements such as automotive instrument panels and high-gloss housings of household appliances, the surface roughness (Ra) of traditional modified ABS products is usually greater than 1.2 μm, and the glossiness (GU) is lower than 70, making it difficult to meet industry standards.

[0004] Therefore, an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity and its formulation method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity and its formulation method to solve the problems put forward in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity, characterized in that it is composed of the following components by weight percentage:

[0007] 40%-60% of ABS base material, 20%-40% of concentrated modified masterbatch, 3%-8% of composite anti-tack agent, 1%-5% of lubricant, 2%-6% of nano-enhanced filler, 0.5%-3% of dispersant;

[0008] Among them, the concentrated modified masterbatch is prepared by concentrating and pelletizing the ABS base material with a twin-screw extruder at 180-220 °C, and the concentration ratio is 30%-50% of the raw materials;

[0009] The composite anti-sticking agent is a blend of silicone powder and modified silicone oil, and the mass ratio is 1:2 - 2:1.

[0010] Preferably, the lubricant is a composite of calcium stearate and polyethylene wax oxide, and the mass ratio is 3:1 - 5:1, and the melt index of polyethylene wax oxide is 10 - 50 g / 10 min.

[0011] Preferably, the nano-enhanced filler includes but is not limited to nano-silica, nano-calcium carbonate, montmorillonite, and nano-graphite.

[0012] According to the preparation method of an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity described above, it includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Prepare a concentrated modified masterbatch: Add the ABS substrate to a twin-screw extruder, control the screw speed at 250 - 350 rpm, and the temperature zones are: zone 1 at 170 - 190 °C, zone 2 at 200 - 220 °C, and zone 3 at 210 - 230 °C. After extrusion, cool and pelletize with water.

[0014] S2. Pre-mix the concentrated modified masterbatch, ABS substrate, composite anti-sticking agent, lubricant, nano-enhanced filler, and dispersant at a temperature of 80 - 100 °C for 15 - 25 minutes.

[0015] S3. Re-pelletize the mixed material through a twin-screw extruder, with the screw speed at 300 - 450 rpm, and the temperature zones are zone 1 at 180 - 210 °C, zone 2 at 200 - 230 °C, and zone 3 at 210 - 240 °C.

[0016] S4. After extrusion, pelletize with air cooling, and obtain the finished product after drying.

[0017] According to the application of an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity described above, after the masterbatch and pure ABS resin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 - 1:4, it is used in high-gloss injection molding or extrusion molding processes, and the surface roughness Ra of the product ≤ 0.8 μm.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0019] 1. Through the synergistic effect of the concentrated modified masterbatch and the composite anti-sticking agent, combined with the lubricant to reduce the extrusion frictional heat, the viscosity of the masterbatch is reduced by 35% - 42%, and the melt flow index is increased by 35% - 40%, effectively improving the processing fluidity.

[0020] 2. Through the nano-enhanced filler to improve the material dispersion uniformity and increase the tensile strength, and the high dispersion of the masterbatch makes the surface roughness Ra of the product ≤ 0.8 μm, improving the glossiness and having a small color difference, meeting the high appearance requirements of high-gloss injection molding.

[0021] 3. Ensure the depth of material modification through a two - extrusion process. Air - cooled pelletizing avoids moisture absorption of the masterbatch, reduces the moisture content of the finished product, and has a smooth surface without adhesion.

[0022] 4. By adjusting the type of nano - filler, the masterbatch can be given antistatic properties, reducing conductivity and expanding to the industrial antistatic field. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is the overall preparation method flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0024] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] An ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity provided by the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of the following components in percentage by weight:

[0026] ABS substrate 40% - 60%, concentrated modified masterbatch 20% - 40%, composite anti - sticking agent 3% - 8%, lubricant 1% - 5%, nano - reinforcing filler 2% - 6%, dispersant 0.5% - 3%;

[0027] Among them, the concentrated modified masterbatch is obtained by concentrating and pelletizing the ABS substrate with a twin - screw extruder at 180 - 220 °C, and the concentration ratio is 30% - 50% of the raw materials;

[0028] The composite anti - sticking agent is a blend of silicone powder and modified silicone oil, and the mass ratio is 1:2 - 2:1.

[0029] By introducing the concentrated modified masterbatch and combining the synergistic anti - sticking effects of polytetrafluoroethylene and modified silicone oil, the melt viscosity is significantly reduced; the nano - reinforcing filler improves the dispersion uniformity, and the lubricant reduces the extrusion frictional heat. The overall viscosity is reduced by more than 40%, and the fluidity is improved after the masterbatch is mixed with pure ABS.

[0030] The lubricant is a composite of calcium stearate and oxidized polyethylene wax, and the mass ratio is 3:1 - 5:1, and the melt index of the oxidized polyethylene wax is 10 - 50 g / 10 min.

[0031] Calcium stearate provides external lubrication, oxidized polyethylene wax improves internal lubricity, and the high melt index ensures rapid dispersion at low temperatures, reducing the torque of the extruder.

[0032] The nano - reinforcing filler includes but is not limited to nano - silica, nano - calcium carbonate, montmorillonite, nano - graphite.

[0033] Such as Figure 1As shown in the figure, a method for preparing an ABS plastic masterbatch with reduced viscosity provided by the present invention includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Prepare a concentrated modified masterbatch: Add the ABS substrate to a twin-screw extruder, control the screw speed at 250 - 350 rpm, and the temperature zones are: zone 1 at 170 - 190 °C, zone 2 at 200 - 220 °C, zone 3 at 210 - 230 °C, and after extrusion, water-cooled pelletizing is carried out;

[0035] S2. Premix the concentrated modified masterbatch, ABS substrate, composite anti-sticking agent, lubricant, nano-enhancing filler, and dispersant at a temperature of 80 - 100 °C for 15 - 25 minutes;

[0036] S3. The mixed materials are granulated twice by a twin-screw extruder, the screw speed is 300 - 450 rpm, and the temperature zones are zone 1 at 180 - 210 °C, zone 2 at 200 - 230 °C, zone 3 at 210 - 240 °C;

[0037] S4. After extrusion, air-cooled pelletizing is carried out, and after drying, the finished product is obtained.

[0038] The two extrusion processes, namely the preparation of the concentrated masterbatch and the final masterbatch granulation, ensure the depth of material modification; air cooling replaces water cooling to avoid moisture absorption of the masterbatch, the moisture content of the finished product is ≤ 0.1%, and the surface is smooth and non-sticky.

[0039] An application of an ABS plastic masterbatch with reduced viscosity. After the masterbatch is mixed with pure ABS resin in a mass ratio of 1:2 - 1:4, it is used in high-gloss injection molding or extrusion molding processes, and the surface roughness Ra of the product is ≤ 0.8 μm.

[0040] The high dispersibility of the masterbatch ensures that there are no flow marks on the surface of the product, which is suitable for high-gloss demand scenarios such as automotive instrument panels and home appliance casings, and shortens the injection molding cycle.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] Raw material ratio: 50% of ABS substrate, 30% of concentrated modified masterbatch (40% concentration rate), 4% of silicone powder, 2% of modified silicone oil, 2.5% of calcium stearate, 0.5% of oxidized polyethylene wax, 4% of nano-silica, 1% of dispersant.

[0043] Process:

[0044] Preparation of concentrated masterbatch: The rotation speed of the twin-screw extruder is 300 rpm, the temperature zones are 180 °C / 210 °C / 220 °C, and water-cooled pelletizing is carried out;

[0045] Final masterbatch granulation: The premixing temperature is 90 °C / 20 minutes, the secondary extrusion speed is 400 rpm, the temperature zones are 190 °C / 220 °C / 230 °C, and air-cooled pelletizing is carried out.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Raw material ratio: 60% of ABS substrate, 20% of concentrated modified masterbatch (35% concentration rate), 5% of silicone powder, 3% of modified silicone oil, 3% of calcium stearate, 1% of oxidized polyethylene wax, 3% of nano calcium carbonate, 2% of dispersant.

[0048] Process: The extrusion temperature of the concentrated masterbatch is 200°C / 215°C / 225°C, the final granulation speed is 350 rpm, and the temperature zones are 185°C / 215°C / 225°C.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Raw material ratio: 45% of ABS substrate, 35% of concentrated modified masterbatch (50% concentration rate), 3% of silicone powder, 3% of modified silicone oil, 2% of calcium stearate, 0.8% of oxidized polyethylene wax, 5% of nano clay, 1.2% of dispersant.

[0051] Process: The secondary extrusion uses stepwise temperature increase (180°C → 210°C → 230°C), and the water content after air-cooled pelletizing is 0.08%.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] Raw material ratio: 55% of ABS substrate, 25% of concentrated modified masterbatch (30% concentration rate), 6% of silicone powder, 2% of modified silicone oil, 1.5% of calcium stearate, 0.5% of oxidized polyethylene wax, 2% of nano graphite, 1% of dispersant.

[0054] Process: The pre-mixing temperature is 100°C / 15 minutes, the secondary extrusion speed is 450 rpm, and the temperature zones are 200°C / 230°C / 240°C.

[0055] The color masterbatches prepared through the above Examples 1-4 are tested:

[0056] Specifically, the melt flow index is tested by a melt flow rate instrument, and the test conditions are temperature 220°C / 10 kg;

[0057] The surface glossiness is tested by a glossiness meter, and the test conditions are incident angle 60°, measurement area ≥ 10 cm 2 ;

[0058] The viscosity reduction rate is tested by a torque rheometer through the comparison method, and the test conditions are temperature: 220°C, rotation speed 50 rpm, test time 10 min;

[0059] The tensile strength is tested by a universal material testing machine, and the test conditions are tensile rate 50 mm / min, specimen type I;

[0060] The demolding force is tested by cooperating an injection molding machine with a pressure sensor. The test conditions are as follows: the mold temperature is 60 °C and the injection pressure is 80 MPa;

[0061] The heat distortion temperature is tested by a heat distortion tester. The test conditions are as follows: the load is 0.45 MPa and the heating rate is 2 °C / min;

[0062] The conductivity is tested by a high resistance meter. The test conditions are as follows: the test voltage is 500 V and the ambient humidity is 50% ± 5%;

[0063] The moisture content is tested by a moisture analyzer. The test conditions are as follows: the heating temperature is 105 °C and the constant weight method is used for measurement;

[0064] The color difference is tested by a color difference meter. The test conditions are as follows: the D65 light source and the viewing angle is 10°;

[0065] The experimental data are shown in the following table

[0066]

[0067]

[0068] As can be seen from the above table, in Example 1, the melt flow index (MFI) of the masterbatch reaches 25 g / 10 min (220 °C / 10 kg), the surface gloss of the injection molded product is 95 GU, and the viscosity is reduced by 42%;

[0069] In Example 2, the tensile strength of the masterbatch is increased by 18%, and the injection molding demolding force is decreased by 30%, which is applicable to thin-walled electronic enclosures;

[0070] In Example 3, the heat distortion temperature of the masterbatch is increased to 105 °C, which is applicable to lamp components in high-temperature environments, and the viscosity is reduced by 38%;

[0071] In Example 4, the conductivity of the masterbatch reaches 10 3 Ω·cm, which is applicable to antistatic industrial parts, and the viscosity is reduced by 35%.

[0072] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity, characterized in that, It consists of components with the following weight percentages: 40%-60% of ABS substrate, 20%-40% of concentrated modified masterbatch, 3%-8% of compound anti-sticking agent, 1%-5% of lubricant, 2%-6% of nano-enhanced filler, 0.5%-3% of dispersant; Among them, the concentrated modified masterbatch is prepared by concentrating and pelletizing the ABS substrate with a twin-screw extruder at 180-220°C, and the concentration ratio is 30%-50% of the raw materials.

2. The ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity according to claim 1, wherein The compound anti-sticking agent is a blend of silicone powder and modified silicone oil, and the mass ratio is 1:2-2:

1.

3. A kind of ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubricant is a composite of calcium stearate and oxidized polyethylene wax, and the mass ratio is 3:1-5:1, and the melt index of the oxidized polyethylene wax is 10-50 g / 10 min.

4. The ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-enhanced filler includes but is not limited to nano-silica, nano-calcium carbonate, montmorillonite, nano-graphite.

5. A method for preparing an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity, according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the concentrated modified masterbatch: Add the ABS substrate to the twin-screw extruder, control the screw speed at 250-350 rpm, and the temperature zones are: zone 1 at 170-190°C, zone 2 at 200-220°C, zone 3 at 210-230°C, and water-cool and pelletize after extrusion; S2. Premix the concentrated modified masterbatch, ABS substrate, compound anti-sticking agent, lubricant, nano-enhanced filler, and dispersant at 80-100°C for 15-25 minutes; S3. Re-pelletize the mixed material with a twin-screw extruder, the screw speed is 300-450 rpm, and the temperature zones are zone 1 at 180-210°C, zone 2 at 200-230°C, zone 3 at 210-240°C; S4. After extrusion, air-cool and pelletize, and obtain the finished product after drying.

6. Use of an ABS plastic masterbatch capable of reducing viscosity according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that After the masterbatch and pure ABS resin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2-1:4, they are used in the high-gloss injection molding or extrusion molding process, and the surface roughness Ra of the product ≤ 0.8 μm.

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