Negative liquid crystal composition and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a negative liquid crystal composition and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials. The negative liquid crystal composition comprises at least one compound represented by a general formula I, at least one compound represented by a general formula II, at least one compound represented by a general formula III, at least one compound represented by a general formula IV and at least one compound represented by a general formula V. The negative liquid crystal composition provided by the invention has low rotary viscosity, large elastic constant, small optical dispersion, good low-temperature intersolubility, relatively high transmittance and high response speed, can be used for fast-response liquid crystal display of multiple display modes, improves the transmittance and the contrast ratio, and is especially suitable for IPS and FFS mode liquid crystal displays.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal materials, and particularly relates to a negative liquid crystal composition and its application. Background Art

[0002] With the progress of the information age, liquid crystal display technology is also constantly developing. People's requirements for the performance of liquid crystal displays are getting higher and higher, which also stimulates people's research interest in liquid crystal materials, making liquid crystal technology a hot topic and continuing to develop.

[0003] Currently, liquid crystal displays are developing towards large size, wide viewing angle, high contrast, and fast response. The performance of negative liquid crystals plays a crucial role. Among them, IPS (In-Plane Switching) and FFS (Fringe Field Switching) mode displays are widely used in mobile phones, laptops, tablets, computer monitors, TVs, etc. because of their unique hard screen characteristics and very wide viewing angle characteristics. However, the IPS and FFS display modes also have light leakage problems in the dark state due to their unique liquid crystal planar alignment, and their contrast performance is significantly inferior to that of VA (MVA, PVA, UV2A, PSVA) displays. Through research, it is found that when liquid crystal molecules are initially aligned, due to alignment defects on the surface of the alignment layer material, etc., the alignment of liquid crystal molecules will be disordered, resulting in light leakage in the dark state. Therefore, how to improve the disordered liquid crystal alignment has become an important issue for improving IPS and FFS mode displays. Through research, it is found that increasing the elastic constant of the liquid crystal helps to improve the alignment of liquid crystal molecules.

[0004] For IPS and FFS mode displays, either positive (positive dielectric anisotropy) liquid crystals or negative (negative dielectric anisotropy) liquid crystals can be used. Since negative liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the electric field lines under the action of an electric field, while positive liquid crystal molecules are aligned along the electric field lines under the action of an electric field, the retardation of negative liquid crystals is larger and the transmittance is higher. However, since the transmittance of light with different wavelengths passing through the liquid crystal material is different, and the larger the refractive index dispersion of the liquid crystal material, the lower the transmittance, which limits the improvement of the transmittance of negative liquid crystals. If the transmittance of the liquid crystal is to be further improved, it is necessary to improve the problem that the transmittance difference of the liquid crystal under light with different wavelengths is relatively large. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative liquid crystal composition and its application. The dispersion of this negative liquid crystal composition under light with different wavelengths is small, and it has a high transmittance, thereby improving the contrast of liquid crystal displays.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a negative liquid crystal composition, comprising at least one compound represented by General Formula I, at least one compound represented by General Formula II, at least one compound represented by General Formula III, at least one compound represented by General Formula IV, and at least one compound represented by General Formula V;

[0008]

[0009]

[0010] In General Formula I, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms) or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), and n represents 0, 1, or 2;

[0011] In General Formula II, R2 and R3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms);

[0012] In General Formula III, R4 and R5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), m represents 1 or 2, represents and the m in General Formula III are independent of each other, where -* represents the bonding site of the group;

[0013] In General Formula IV, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, it may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms);

[0014] In the general formula V, R8 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms (for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 carbon atoms), p represents 1 or 2, represents and the p in the general formula V are independent of each other, where -* represents the bonding site of the group.

[0015] In the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula I is a compound containing dibenzothiophene, which has a relatively large dielectric constant and a relatively low rotational viscosity; the compound represented by the general formula II is a dicyclohexane compound, which has a low rotational viscosity and excellent miscibility characteristics and is an essential component for fast-response liquid crystal displays; the compound represented by the general formula III is a tricyclic neutral compound, which has a relatively high clearing point and good low-temperature solubility and can effectively increase the clearing point of the liquid crystal composition; the compound represented by the general formula IV is a compound containing a bis-alkynyl group, and this type of compound has a relatively large n o and a relatively small n e , and its refractive index (Δn = n e -n o ) is negative. When combined with other liquid crystal components, it can effectively reduce the dispersion of the liquid crystal composition, and thus can produce the effect of increasing the transmittance and contrast; the compound represented by the general formula V has negative dielectric anisotropy. When added to the liquid crystal composition, it can further increase the dielectric anisotropy of the liquid crystal composition and reduce the driving voltage of the liquid crystal display. Through the synergistic cooperation of the above components, the obtained negative liquid crystal composition has a low rotational viscosity, a large elastic constant, a small optical dispersion, good low-temperature miscibility, a relatively high transmittance, and a fast response speed.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the general formula I, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a mono-alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, and n represents 0 or 1.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula I includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulas IA1 - IA12 and formulas IB1 - IB12;

[0018]

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the general formula II, R2 and R3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a mono-alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compounds represented by the general formula II include one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IIA1-IIA12, formulae IIB1-IIB14, and formulae IIC1-IIC4;

[0021]

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the general formula III, R4 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or a monoalkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, R5 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, and m is 1.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compounds represented by the general formula III include one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IIIA1-IIIA48, formulae IIIB1-IIIB48, and formulae IIIC1-IIIC48;

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the general formula IV, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, or one of R6 and R7 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms and the other represents a monoalkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compounds represented by the general formula IV include one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IVA1-IVA15, formulae IVB1-IVB20, and formulae IVC1-IVC15;

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, in the general formula V, R8 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or a monoalkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, and R9 represents an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present invention, the compounds represented by General Formula V include one or more of the compounds represented by Formulae VA1-VA48, VB1-VB48, VC1-VC48, VD1-VD48, VE1-VE48, VF1-VF48, and VG1-VG48;

[0036]

[0037]

[0038]

[0039]

[0040]

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "-C n H 2n+1 " represents an alkyl group (such as -C3H7, -C4H9, -C5H 11 ), etc., all referring to straight-chain alkyl groups.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, the negative liquid crystal composition includes the following components in mass percentages:

[0048] 1 to 30% of the compound represented by General Formula I, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28%, or 30%, etc.;

[0049] 1 to 40% of the compound represented by General Formula II, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 33%, 35%, 36%, 38%, or 40%, etc.;

[0050] 1 to 30% of the compound represented by General Formula III, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28% or 30%, etc.;

[0051] 1 to 30% of the compound represented by General Formula IV, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28% or 30%, etc.;

[0052] 1 to 50% of the compound represented by General Formula V, for example, it can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 13%, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 23%, 25%, 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, 33%, 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%, 42%, 43%, 45%, 46%, 48% or 50%, etc.

[0053] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 3 to 25% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 5 to 40% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3 to 30% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 5 to 30% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 5 to 45% of the compound represented by General Formula V.

[0054] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 5 to 25% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 10 to 40% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3 to 25% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 5 to 25% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 20 to 45% of the compound represented by General Formula V.

[0055] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 8 to 20% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 15 to 35% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3 to 20% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 10 to 20% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 25 to 48% of the compound represented by General Formula V.

[0056] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of the negative liquid crystal composition as described in the first aspect, and the negative liquid crystal composition is used in a liquid crystal display, preferably used in a VA, IPS or FFS mode display, and more preferably used in an IPS or FFS mode liquid crystal display.

[0057] The present invention has no special limitation on the preparation method of the negative liquid crystal composition, and two or more compounds can be mixed by a conventional method for preparation. For example, it can be prepared by mixing different components at a high temperature and dissolving them in each other; or, the component with a smaller content is dissolved in the main component with a larger content at a higher temperature; or, each component is dissolved in an organic solvent (such as acetone, chloroform or methanol, etc.), and then the solutions are mixed and the solvent is removed.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] The negative liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention has low rotational viscosity, large elastic constants, small optical dispersion, good low-temperature miscibility, high transmittance and fast response speed, and can be used for fast-response liquid crystal displays in various display modes. It can significantly improve the display effect of liquid crystal displays in VA, IPS or FFS mode displays, increase the transmittance and contrast ratio, and is particularly suitable for IPS and FFS mode liquid crystal displays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] Figure 1 It is a VT curve graph of the liquid crystal compositions provided in Example 1, Example 10 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0061] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0062] In the embodiments of the present invention, the performance of the liquid crystal compound is tested by the following method:

[0063] △n: represents the optical anisotropy (25 °C), and is measured by an Abbe refractometer;

[0064] △ε: represents the dielectric anisotropy (25 °C, 1000 Hz), and is measured by an INSTEC liquid crystal detection instrument;

[0065] γ1: represents the rotational viscosity (mPa·s, 25 °C), and is measured by a viscometer;

[0066] K 11 、K 33 respectively represent the splay and bend elastic constants (pN, 25 °C), and are measured by an Instec physical property measuring instrument.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal compositions are all prepared by a thermal dissolution method, including the following steps: weighing liquid crystal compounds by a balance according to weight percentages, where there is no specific requirement for the weighing and adding order, and usually they are weighed and mixed in the order of decreasing melting point of the liquid crystal compounds, heating and stirring at 60-100 °C to make the components uniformly mixed, then filtering, and finally encapsulating to obtain the target sample.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0070]

[0071] Example 2

[0072] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0073]

[0074] Example 3

[0075] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] Example 4

[0079] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0080]

[0081] Example 5

[0082] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Example 6

[0086] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0087]

[0088] Example 7

[0089] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0090]

[0091] Example 8

[0092] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0093]

[0094] Example 9

[0095] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0096]

[0097] Example 10

[0098] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0099]

[0100] Example 11

[0101] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] Example 12

[0105] This example provides a negative liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] Comparative Example 1

[0109] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, and its composition and properties are as follows.

[0110]

[0111] Comparative Example 2

[0112] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, which is different from Example 1 only in that it does not contain the compound represented by General Formula I (the mass ratio between other components remains unchanged).

[0113] Comparative Example 3

[0114] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, which is different from that of Example 1 only in that it does not contain the compound represented by General Formula II (the mass ratio between other components remains unchanged).

[0115] Comparative Example 4

[0116] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, which is different from that of Example 1 only in that it does not contain the compound represented by General Formula III (the mass ratio between other components remains unchanged).

[0117] Comparative Example 5

[0118] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, which is different from that of Example 1 only in that it does not contain the compound represented by General Formula IV (the mass ratio between other components remains unchanged).

[0119] Comparative Example 6

[0120] This comparative example provides a liquid crystal composition, which is different from that of Example 1 only in that it does not contain the compound represented by General Formula V (the mass ratio between other components remains unchanged).

[0121] The optical anisotropy values of the liquid crystal compositions obtained in Example 1, Example 10 and Comparative Example 1 were statistically compared, as shown in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1

[0123] Performance parameter Example 1 Example 10 Comparative example 1 △n(480) 0.0929 0.0931 0.0964 △n(546) 0.0914 0.0916 0.0925 △n(589) 0.0910 0.0910 0.0909 △n(656) 0.0905 0.0904 0.0890

[0124] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, under the condition of the same Δn(589), the refractive indices of the liquid crystal compositions of Example 1 and Example 10 at short wavelengths are significantly smaller, while those at long wavelengths are significantly larger. Therefore, the liquid crystal compositions of Example 1 and Example 10 have smaller optical dispersion.

[0125] A simulation experiment was carried out using Techwiz optical simulation software. The liquid crystal compositions obtained in Example 1, Example 10 and Comparative Example 1 were optically simulated and compared, and a VT curve (as Figure 1 shown) was made to obtain the maximum transmittance (T max value), and then the transmittance was calculated. Taking the transmittance of Comparative Example 1 as 100%, the transmittance percentage of the examples was obtained, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0126] Table 2

[0127] Performance parameter Comparative example 1 Example 1 Example 10 <![CDATA[T max > 0.3067 0.3151 0.3151 T％ 100％ 102.74％ 102.74％

[0128] From Figure 1As can be seen from Table 2, compared with Comparative Example 1, the transmittance of the liquid crystal compositions of Example 1 and Example 10 is increased by about 2.7%. This indicates that when manufacturing liquid crystal displays under the same technical conditions, the liquid crystal composition provided by the present invention has a higher transmittance, can significantly reduce the brightness of the backlight, and thus achieve the effect of energy saving.

[0129] The properties of the liquid crystal compositions provided by Comparative Examples 2-6 are shown in Table 3.

[0130] Table 3

[0131] Performance parameter Example 1 Comparative example 2 Comparative example 3 Comparative example 4 Comparative example 5 Comparative example 6 △ε -3.05 -1.89 -4.71 -3.50 -4.04 -0.73 γ1 85.2 44.2 130.4 57.3 103.3 36.5 K11 16.92 15.42 19.20 12.78 17.86 14.96 K33 15.80 16.06 17.46 11.28 17.17 11.84 △n(480) 0.0929 0.0948 0.1168 0.0964 0.1123 0.0740 △n(546) 0.0914 0.0839 0.1131 0.0935 0.1084 0.0715 △n(589) 0.0910 0.0834 0.1113 0.0918 0.1063 0.0705 △n(656) 0.0905 0.0830 0.0998 0.0900 0.1045 0.0695

[0132] As can be seen from Table 3, compared with Example 1, Comparative Examples 2-6 respectively lack the compound represented by General Formula I, the compound represented by General Formula II, the compound represented by General Formula III, the compound represented by General Formula IV, and the compound represented by General Formula V. The liquid crystal compositions obtained in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 6 have a smaller dielectric constant than that of Example 1, require a relatively high driving voltage, and have high energy consumption, which is not conducive to the application of liquid crystal displays. The liquid crystal compositions obtained in Comparative Example 3 and Comparative Example 5 have a larger rotational viscosity (γ1) than that of Example 1 and a slow response time; the liquid crystal composition obtained in Comparative Example 4 has a smaller elastic constant (K11) than that of Example 1 and a low contrast ratio; therefore, the lack of any one component will significantly degrade the display performance and characteristics of the composition. This indicates that there is a synergistic cooperation relationship among the five components in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, and the lack of any one of them will make it difficult for the performance of the liquid crystal composition to meet the requirements of this application.

[0133] The above are only specific embodiments of the present disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure will not be limited to these embodiments described herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A negative liquid crystal composition, characterized in that, comprising at least one compound represented by general formula I, at least one compound represented by general formula II, at least one compound represented by general formula III, at least one compound represented by general formula IV, and at least one compound represented by general formula V; In the general formula I, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 7 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 - 7 carbon atoms, and n represents 0, 1, or 2; In the general formula II, R2 and R3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 - 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 - 7 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 - 7 carbon atoms; In the general formula III, R4 and R5 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, m represents 1 or 2, represents and the m in the general formula III are independent of each other, where -* represents the bonding site of the group; In the general formula IV, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 - 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 - 7 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 - 7 carbon atoms; In the general formula V, R8 and R9 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms, p represents 1 or 2, represents and the p in the general formula V are independent of each other, where -* represents the bonding site of the group.

2. The negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein In the general formula I, R1 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or a mono - alkenyl group having 2 - 5 carbon atoms, and n represents 0 or 1; Preferably, the compound represented by the general formula I includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IA1 - IA12 and formulae IB1 - IB12; 3. The negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, In the general formula II, R2 and R3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or a mono - alkenyl group having 2 - 5 carbon atoms; Preferably, the compound represented by the general formula II includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IIA1 - IIA12, formulae IIB1 - IIB14, and formulae IIC1 - IIC4; 4. The negative liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, In the general formula III, R4 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or a mono - alkenyl group having 2 - 5 carbon atoms, R5 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms, and m is 1; Preferably, the compound represented by the general formula III includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IIIA1 - IIIA48, formulae IIIB1 - IIIB48, and formulae IIIC1 - IIIC48; 5. The negative liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In the general formula IV, R6 and R7 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms, or one of R6 and R7 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms and the other represents a mono - alkenyl group having 2 - 5 carbon atoms; Preferably, the compound represented by the general formula IV includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulae IVA1 - IVA15, formulae IVB1 - IVB20, and formulae IVC1 - IVC15; 6. The negative liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that In the general formula V, R8 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or a mono - alkenyl group having 2 - 5 carbon atoms, and R9 represents an alkyl group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 - 5 carbon atoms; Preferably, the compound represented by the general formula V includes one or more of the compounds represented by formulae VA1 - VA48, formulae VB1 - VB48, formulae VC1 - VC48, formulae VD1 - VD48, formulae VE1 - VE48, formulae VF1 - VF48, and formulae VG1 - VG48; 7. The negative liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: The compound represented by the general formula I: 1 - 30%; The compound represented by the general formula II: 1 - 40%; The compound represented by the general formula III: 1 - 30%; The compound represented by the general formula IV: 1 - 30%; The compound represented by the general formula V: 1 - 50%.

8. The negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 7, characterized in that, The negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 3-25% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 5-40% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3-30% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 5-30% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 5-50% of the compound represented by General Formula V.

9. The negative liquid crystal composition according to claim 8, wherein The negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 5-25% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 10-40% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3-25% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 5-25% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 20-50% of the compound represented by General Formula V; Preferably, the negative liquid crystal composition comprises components in the following mass percentages: 8-20% of the compound represented by General Formula I; 15-35% of the compound represented by General Formula II; 3-20% of the compound represented by General Formula III; 10-20% of the compound represented by General Formula IV; 25-48% of the compound represented by General Formula V.

10. Use of a negative liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The negative liquid crystal composition is used for liquid crystal displays, preferably for VA, IPS or FFS mode displays.

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