Bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material prepared by electro-deposition method and preparation method of bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material

Abstract

The invention discloses a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material prepared by an electrodeposition method and a method, and belongs to the technical field of composite photoanode materials, Ti3C2 powder is dispersed in a KOH solution to obtain an electrolyte; the carbon / carbon composite material is immersed in the electrolyte, electro-deposition is carried out under the potential pulse of-1.5 V to 5V, Ti3C2 is deposited on the carbon / carbon composite material, then cleaning and drying are carried out, and the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material is obtained; the preparation method comprises the following steps: immersing a Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material in a dispersion liquid of Bi2WO6, carrying out electro-deposition under a potential pulse of-1.5 V to 5V, depositing Bi2WO6 on the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material, cleaning and drying to obtain the bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoelectric anode material which shows good OER performance in an alkaline solution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of composite photoanode materials, and relates to a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material prepared by an electrodeposition method and a method therefor. Background Art

[0002] Photoelectrocatalytic water splitting technology is one of the key ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve a dynamic balance between carbon dioxide emissions and absorption generated by human activities. By driving the cleavage of water molecules with solar energy to prepare clean hydrogen energy, it provides a sustainable solution to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Photoelectrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (Oxygen Evolution Reaction, OER) is one of the core links in the preparation of clean hydrogen energy, and its efficiency directly determines the overall performance of photoelectrocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen production.

[0003] In recent years, bismuth-based semiconductor materials have attracted much attention due to their unique electronic structure and visible light response characteristics. Among them, layered perovskite-type bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) exhibits significant advantages due to its special energy band structure: the valence band maximum formed by the hybridization of Bi 6s and O 2p orbitals gives it a relatively narrow band gap (about 2.7 eV), which can effectively utilize visible light (the absorption edge reaches 450 nm). At the same time, its layered structure is conducive to the directional transport of photogenerated carriers. However, single Bi2WO6 has bottleneck problems such as a high recombination rate of photogenerated electrons and holes and slow surface reaction kinetics.

[0004] Therefore, technicians are committed to constructing a Schottky junction system to improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers in Bi2WO6. Among them, two-dimensional transition metal carbides (MXenes) have become ideal candidate materials for co-catalysts due to their unique physical and chemical properties. For example, typically, the team of Li Gao from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences synthesized the MXene-Bi2WO6 heterostructure by a hydrothermal method, and used Bi2Ti2O7 as a hinge to connect MXene and Bi2WO6 to form a close interfacial contact. Under the drive of LED light, the yield of the composite material for the oxidation reaction of benzyl alcohol reaches 5.0 mmol·g -1 ·h-1, which is significantly higher than that of pure Bi2WO6. Transient photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) show that the introduction of MXene reduces the recombination rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs and improves the separation efficiency.

[0005] However, in the preparation process of the above composite material, it is necessary to precisely control the pH, temperature, and reaction time. Otherwise, it is easy to generate voids or insufficient chemical bonding at the interface, resulting in hindered electron transport, and this material cannot be effectively applied to the photoelectrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction. Therefore, there is currently no photoanode material with a simple preparation process and convenient control for the composite of two-dimensional transition metal carbides and bismuth tungstate, which can be widely used in the oxygen evolution reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preparing Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C self-supporting photoanode materials by electrodeposition, so as to solve the problem that there is no photoanode material with a simple preparation process and convenient control for the composite of two-dimensional transition metal carbide and bismuth tungstate, which is widely used in the oxygen evolution reaction. The method synthesizes the highly efficient photocatalytic material Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2 on the carbon / carbon composite material by electrodeposition. The prepared Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material exhibits good OER performance in alkaline solution.

[0007] The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for preparing bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode materials by electrodeposition, comprising the following steps:

[0009] S1, dispersing Ti3C2 powder in KOH solution to obtain an electrolyte;

[0010] S2, immersing the carbon / carbon composite material in the electrolyte and electrodepositing under a potential pulse of -1.5V to 5V. Ti3C2 is deposited on the carbon / carbon composite material, and then it is washed and dried to obtain the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material;

[0011] S3, immersing the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material in the dispersion liquid of Bi2WO6 and electrodepositing under a potential pulse of -1.5V to 5V. Bi2WO6 is deposited on the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material, and then it is washed and dried to obtain the bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention lies in:

[0013] The Ti3C2 powder described in S1 is obtained by the following steps: subjecting Ti3AlC2 to selective etching in hydrofluoric acid, and then washing and drying the obtained precipitate to obtain Ti3C2 powder.

[0014] The mass percentage concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is 35% to 45%, and the ratio of Ti3AlC2 to hydrofluoric acid is (0.5 - 1) g : (5 - 15) ml;

[0015] Subject Ti3AlC2 to selective etching in hydrofluoric acid at 20 - 40°C for 12 - 24h, and then wash and dry the obtained precipitate.

[0016] In the electrolyte of S1, the concentration of KOH is 0.01 - 0.05 mol / L, and the concentration of Ti3C2 is 0.02 - 0.05 mg / mL. In the dispersion liquid of S3, the concentration of Bi2WO6 is 0.01 - 0.05 mol / L.

[0017] The electrodeposition in S2 and S3 is both carried out for 20 - 50 min.

[0018] The Bi2WO6 powder described in S3 is obtained according to the following steps:

[0019] Add Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Na2WO4·2H2O into the EDTA solution, and then heat the obtained sol. The molar ratio of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O to Na2WO4·2H2O is (0.01 - 0.05):(0.02 - 0.08) to obtain a viscous gel. Finally, hydrothermally treat the gel at 180 - 200 °C, wash and dry the precipitate in the obtained reaction solution to obtain Bi2WO6 powder.

[0020] The ratio of EDTA to deionized water in the EDTA solution is (0.01 - 0.03) mol:(10 - 15) ml. Add Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Na2WO4·2H2O into the EDTA solution, and then stir at room temperature for 5 - 8 h to obtain a sol;

[0021] Stir the sol at 60 - 80 °C for 4 - 6 h to obtain a viscous gel.

[0022] Hydrothermally treat the gel at 180 - 200 °C for 12 - 24 h, and then wash and dry the precipitate in the obtained reaction solution.

[0023] A bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material obtained by the method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by the electrodeposition method described in any one of the above.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] The present invention relates to a method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition. The electrodeposition method is easy to control the reaction, energy-saving and less polluting to the environment. Therefore, the carbon / carbon composite material can be immersed in an electrolyte containing KOH and Ti3C2 powder. By regulating the potential pulse range from -1.5 V to 5 V, Ti3C2 can be electrodeposited on the carbon / carbon composite material. After washing and drying, the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material can be obtained. Then, using the dispersion of Bi2WO6 and in the same way, Ti3C2 and Bi2WO6 can be compounded to form a self-supporting photoanode material. Not only can the high conductivity of Ti3C2 be used as an electron transport channel to accelerate the migration of photo-generated electrons to the electrode surface. The hierarchical flower-like Bi2WO6 increases the number of active sites due to its high surface area. Ti3C2 has an accordion morphology, which is beneficial to the attachment of more active sites, can significantly reduce the oxygen evolution overpotential, and make the prepared Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material have good OER performance under alkaline conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 XRD pattern of Bi2WO6 prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 XRD pattern of Ti3C2 prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 SEM image of Bi2WO6 prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 SEM image of Ti3C2 prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 SEM photograph of the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C composite material prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 J-V curve of the photocatalytic performance of the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C composite material prepared under the conditions of Example 1 of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0032] The following further describes the present invention in detail with specific examples, which are explanations rather than limitations of the present invention.

[0033] The present invention relates to a method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition using a three-electrode system, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Weigh 0.01 - 0.03 mol of EDTA as powder 1. Add powder 1 into 10 - 15 ml of deionized water, and ultrasonically mix for 30 min - 2 h to obtain an EDTA solution, which is solution 1.

[0035] Step 2: Weigh 0.01 - 0.05 mol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as powder 2, and weigh 0.02 - 0.08 mol of Na2WO4·2H2O as powder 3.

[0036] Step 3: Add powder 2 and powder 3 into solution 1, and stir at room temperature for 5 - 8 h. The stirred solution is solution 2, which is a relatively viscous sol at this time.

[0037] Step 4: Stir solution 2 at 60 - 80 °C for 4 - 6 h. Utilize high temperature to increase the activity of EDTA as a template agent, which is beneficial to the subsequent hydrothermal reaction. At this time, it is a more viscous gel.

[0038] Step 5: Transfer the gel obtained in Step 4 into a Teflon-lined autoclave, continuously heat at 180 - 200 °C for 12 - 24 h. After the reaction ends, wash and dry. In this way, Bi2WO6 powder is prepared by the sol-gel hybrid hydrothermal method, which is powder 4.

[0039] Step 6: Weigh 0.5 g - 1 g of Ti3AlC2 and dissolve it in a plastic test tube containing 5 - 15 ml of HF (hydrofluoric acid, mass percentage concentration is 40%). Place it in a water bath and react at 20 - 40 °C for 12 - 24 h. After the reaction time is up, add deionized water into the test tube to end the reaction.

[0040] Ti3C2 powder is prepared by selectively etching the MAX phase precursor Ti3AlC2 with hydrofluoric acid. It has ultra-high electrical conductivity (~6500 S / cm), controllable surface functional groups (-OH, -O, etc.) and abundant active sites. Its two-dimensional layered structure can provide a specific surface area of up to 330 m 2 / g.

[0041] Step 7: Separate the solution in the reacted test tube into six test tubes for centrifugal cleaning to maintain the balance of the centrifuge. Wash the solution with deionized water until the pH = 6 - 7, and then place it in an oven and dry at 80 - 100 °C for 12 - 24 h to obtain Ti3C2 powder, which is powder 5.

[0042] Step 8: The entire electrodeposition process is carried out in a three-electrode system. The carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material serves as the working electrode, the Ag / AgCl electrode (3M KCl) serves as the reference electrode, and the counter electrode is a glass slide. The electrolyte composition includes 0.01 mol - 0.05 mol / L of KOH and 2 - 5 mg of powder 5 (at a concentration of 0.02 - 0.05 mg / mL). A potential pulse is repeatedly applied to C / C between -1.5V and 5V (Ag / AgCl) for 20 - 50 min. After the reaction is completed, the obtained electrode is washed with deionized water and dried at 40 - 60 °C to obtain Ti3C2-C / C as the photoanode material 1.

[0043] Step 9: Replace the working electrode with the photoanode material 1, and replace the electrolyte composition with Bi2WO6 powder at a concentration of 0.01 - 0.05 mol / L. Repeat the process of Step 8 to obtain the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Step 1: Weigh 0.02 mol of EDTA as powder 1. Add powder 1 to 15 ml of deionized water and ultrasonically mix for 30 min to obtain the EDTA solution as solution 1.

[0046] Step 2: Weigh 0.03 mol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as powder 2, and weigh 0.06 mol of Na2WO4·2H2O as powder 3.

[0047] Step 3: Add powder 2 and powder 3 to solution 1 and stir at room temperature for 6 h. The stirred solution is solution 2.

[0048] Step 4: Stir solution 2 at 70 °C for 5 h.

[0049] Step 5: Transfer the gel obtained in Step 4 to a Teflon-lined autoclave and continuously heat it at 190 °C for 18 h. After the reaction is completed, obtain the Bi2WO6 powder as powder 4.

[0050] Step 6: Weigh 0.8 g of Ti3AlC2 and dissolve it in a plastic test tube containing 10 ml of HF. Place it in a water bath and react at 340 °C for 18 h. After the reaction time is up, add deionized water to the test tube to end the reaction.

[0051] Step 7: Separate the solution in the test tube after the reaction into six test tubes for centrifugal cleaning. Wash the solution with deionized water until the pH = 7, and then place it in an oven and dry it at 90 °C for 8 h to obtain the Ti3C2 powder as powder 5.

[0052] Step 8, The entire electrodeposition process was carried out in a three-electrode system. The carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material was used as the working electrode, the Ag / AgCl electrode (3M KCl) was used as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte composition included 0.03 mol / L of KOH and 3 mg of powder 5. A potential pulse was repeatedly applied to C / C between -1.5V and 5V (Ag / AgCl) for 30 min. After the reaction ended, the electrode was washed with deionized water and dried at 50 °C to obtain Ti3C2-C / C as the photoanode material 1.

[0053] Step 9, Replace the working electrode with the photoanode material 1, and replace the electrolyte composition with Bi2WO6 powder with a concentration of 0.04 mol / L. Repeat Step 8 to obtain the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material.

[0054] Figure 1 It can be seen that the prepared bismuth tungstate powder has good crystallinity.

[0055] Figure 2 It can be seen that the Ti3AlC2 phase no longer exists in the Ti3C2 etched by HF, and the powder has good crystallinity.

[0056] From Figure 3 It can be seen that the Bi2WO6 powder has a hierarchical flower-like morphology, and the number of active sites is increased due to its high surface area.

[0057] From Figure 4 It can be seen that Ti3C2 has an accordion morphology, which is beneficial to the attachment of more active sites.

[0058] From Figure 5 It can be seen that Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2 has completely wrapped C / C and grows more uniformly.

[0059] Figure 6 From the J-V curve, it can be seen that in the sodium tetraborate electrolyte with pH = 9.5, the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C composite material exhibits photocatalytic performance. The current at 1.23 V is 0.61 mA, showing good OER performance.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Step 1, Weigh 0.01 mol of EDTA as powder 1, add powder 1 to 10 ml of deionized water, and obtain an EDTA solution, solution 1, after ultrasonic mixing for 30 min;

[0062] Step 2, Weigh 0.01 mol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O as powder 2, and weigh 0.02 mol of Na2WO4·2H2O as powder 3;

[0063] Step 3: Add powder 2 and powder 3 into solution 1, stir at room temperature for 5 h, and the stirred solution is solution 2;

[0064] Step 4: Stir solution 2 at 80 °C for 6 h;

[0065] Step 5: Transfer the gel obtained in Step 4 to a Teflon-lined autoclave, continuously heat at 200 °C for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, obtain Bi2WO6 powder, which is powder 4;

[0066] Step 6: Weigh 1 g of Ti3AlC2 and dissolve it in a plastic test tube containing 10 ml of HF, place it in a water bath and react at 35 °C for 24 h. After the reaction time is up, add deionized water to the test tube to end the reaction;

[0067] Step 7: Separate the solution in the test tube after the reaction into six test tubes for centrifugal cleaning. Wash the solution with deionized water until the pH = 6, then put it in an oven and dry at 90 °C for 12 h to obtain Ti3C2 powder, which is powder 5;

[0068] Step 8: The entire electrodeposition process is carried out in a three-electrode system. The carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material is used as the working electrode, the Ag / AgCl electrode (3M KCl) is used as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte composition includes 0.02 mol / L of KOH and 5 mg of powder 5. Apply potential pulses repeatedly between -1.5 V and 5 V (Ag / AgCl) to the C / C for 40 min. After the reaction is completed, wash the electrode with deionized water and dry it at 60 °C to obtain Ti3C2-C / C as the photoanode material 1.

[0069] Step 9: Replace the working electrode with the photoanode material 1, replace the electrolyte composition with Bi2WO6 powder, with a concentration of 0.03 mol / L, and repeat Step 8 to obtain the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] Step 1: Weigh 0.03 mol of EDTA, which is powder 1. Add powder 1 into 15 ml of deionized water, and ultrasonically mix for 30 min to obtain an EDTA solution, which is solution 1;

[0072] Step 2: Weigh 0.04 mol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, which is powder 2, and weigh 0.02 mol of Na2WO4·2H2O, which is powder 3;

[0073] Step 3: Add powder 2 and powder 3 into solution 1, stir at room temperature for 8 h, and the stirred solution is solution 2;

[0074] Step 4, stir the solution 2 at 60 °C for 6 h;

[0075] Step 5, transfer the gel obtained in Step 4 to a Teflon-lined autoclave, continuously heat it at 180 °C for 24 h, and after the reaction ends, obtain Bi2WO6 powder, which is powder 4;

[0076] Step 6, weigh 1 g of Ti3AlC2 and dissolve it in a plastic test tube containing 10 ml of HF, place it in a water bath and react at 40 °C for 24 h. After the reaction time is up, add deionized water to the test tube to end the reaction;

[0077] Step 7, centrifuge and wash the solution in the test tube after the reaction ends in six test tubes. Wash the solution with deionized water until the pH = 7, then place it in an oven and dry it at 90 °C for 12 h to obtain Ti3C2 powder, which is powder 5;

[0078] Step 8, the entire electrodeposition process is carried out in a three-electrode system. The carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material is used as the working electrode, the Ag / AgCl electrode (3M KCl) is used as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte composition includes 0.05 mol / L of KOH and 5 mg of powder 5. The C / C is repeatedly applied with a potential pulse between -1.5 V and 5 V (Ag / AgCl) for 40 min. After the reaction ends, the electrode is washed with deionized water and dried at 60 °C to obtain Ti3C2-C / C as the photoanode material 1.

[0079] Step 9, replace the working electrode with the photoanode material 1, replace the electrolyte composition with Bi2WO6 powder with a concentration of 0.02 mol / L, and repeat Step 8 to obtain the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] Step 1, weigh 0.01 mol of EDTA, which is powder 1. Add powder 1 to 10 ml of deionized water, and after ultrasonic mixing for 30 min, obtain an EDTA solution, which is solution 1;

[0082] Step 2, weigh 0.01 mol of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, which is powder 2, and weigh 0.02 mol of Na2WO4·2H2O, which is powder 3;

[0083] Step 3, add powder 2 and powder 3 to solution 1, stir at room temperature for 5 h, and the stirred solution is solution 2;

[0084] Step 4, stir the solution 2 at 70 °C for 6 h;

[0085] Step 5: Transfer the gel obtained in Step 4 into a Teflon-lined autoclave and heat it continuously at 190 °C for 12 h. After the reaction is completed, Bi2WO6 powder is obtained, which is Powder 4;

[0086] Step 6: Weigh 1 g of Ti3AlC2 and dissolve it in a plastic test tube containing 15 ml of HF. Place it in a water bath and react at 40 °C for 12 h. After the reaction time is up, add deionized water to the test tube to end the reaction;

[0087] Step 7: Separate the solution in the test tube after the reaction is completed into six test tubes for centrifugal cleaning. Wash the solution with deionized water until the pH = 6, then place it in an oven and dry it at 90 °C for 12 h to obtain Ti3C2 powder, which is Powder 5;

[0088] Step 8: The entire electrodeposition process is carried out in a three-electrode system. The carbon / carbon (C / C) composite material is used as the working electrode, the Ag / AgCl electrode (3M KCl) is used as the reference electrode, and the electrolyte composition includes 0.05 mol / L of KOH and 5 mg of Powder 4. The potential pulse is repeatedly applied between -1.5 V and 5 V (Ag / AgCl) to the C / C for 50 min. After the reaction is completed, the electrode is washed with deionized water and dried at 60 °C to obtain Ti3C2-C / C as the photoanode material 1.

[0089] Step 9: Replace the working electrode with the photoanode material 1, and replace the electrolyte composition with Bi2WO6 powder with a concentration of 0.05 mol / L. Repeat Step 8 to obtain the Bi2WO6 / Ti3C2-C / C photoanode material.

Claims

1. A method for preparing bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode materials by electrodeposition method, which is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Disperse Ti3C2 powder in KOH solution to obtain an electrolyte solution; S2. Immerse the carbon / carbon composite material in the electrolyte solution and perform electrodeposition under a potential pulse of -1.5V to 5V. Ti3C2 is deposited on the carbon / carbon composite material, and then it is washed and dried to obtain a Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material; S3. Immerse the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material in a dispersion liquid of Bi2WO6 and perform electrodeposition under a potential pulse of -1.5V to 5V. Bi2WO6 is deposited on the Ti3C2-C / C composite anode material, and then it is washed and dried to obtain a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material.

2. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Ti3C2 powder described in S1 is obtained according to the following steps: Perform selective etching of Ti3AlC2 in hydrofluoric acid, and then wash and dry the obtained precipitate to obtain Ti3C2 powder.

3. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by an electrodeposition method according to claim 2, characterized in that The mass percentage concentration of the hydrofluoric acid is 35% to 45%, and the ratio of Ti3AlC2 to hydrofluoric acid is (0.5 - 1) g:(5 - 15) ml.

4. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 2, characterized in that, Perform selective etching of Ti3AlC2 in hydrofluoric acid at 20 - 40°C for 12 - 24 h, and then wash and dry the obtained precipitate.

5. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the electrolyte solution of S1, the concentration of KOH is 0.01 - 0.05 mol / L, and the concentration of Ti3C2 is 0.02 - 0.05 mg / mL; In the dispersion liquid described in S3, the concentration of Bi2WO6 is 0.01 - 0.05 mol / L.

6. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrodeposition in S2 and S3 is both carried out for 20 - 50 min.

7. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Bi2WO6 powder described in S3 is obtained according to the following steps: Add Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Na2WO4·2H2O to an EDTA solution, and then heat the obtained sol. The molar ratio of Bi(NO3)3·5H2O to Na2WO4·2H2O is (0.01 - 0.05):(0.02 - 0.08) to obtain a viscous gel. Finally, hydrothermally treat the gel at 180 - 200°C, wash and dry the precipitate in the obtained reaction solution to obtain Bi2WO6 powder.

8. The method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition according to claim 7, wherein, In the EDTA solution, the ratio of EDTA to deionized water is (0.01 - 0.03) mol:(10 - 15) ml. Add Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and Na2WO4·2H2O to the EDTA solution, and then stir at room temperature for 5 - 8 h to obtain a sol; Stir the sol at 60 - 80°C for 4 - 6 h to obtain a viscous gel.

9. The method for preparing bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by electrodeposition method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Hydrothermally treat the gel at 180 - 200°C for 12 - 24 h, and then wash and dry the precipitate in the obtained reaction solution.

10. A bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material obtained by the method for preparing a bismuth tungstate / titanium carbide-carbon / carbon self-supporting photoanode material by the electrodeposition method described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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