A marine floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method and system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an all-weather detection method and system for offshore floating low-altitude waveguides, which relates to the fields of marine environmental monitoring and electronic information engineering technology. The method comprises determining the current weather conditions based on a rainfall intensity sensor, a micro-meteorological station, a visibility sensor, and an infrared cloud sensor, and deriving a temperature and humidity range based on the current weather conditions, and adding a liquid water correction according to the weather conditions; combining the pressure profile constructed by the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula to obtain a simulated brightness temperature based on the MonoRTM model; designing a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to construct an objective function, and obtaining an inverted atmospheric parameter profile group when the objective function reaches a minimum value; calculating the atmospheric refractive index profile based on the atmospheric parameter profile group to determine whether a low-altitude waveguide has occurred, and uploading the result to a shore station data management center. The present invention corrects the atmospheric absorption coefficient for different weather conditions, achieving all-weather, high-precision monitoring of low-altitude waveguides on offshore floating platforms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine environment monitoring and electronic information engineering technology, and in particular to an offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] Atmospheric ducting is a significant environmental factor that can cause radar detection and communication systems to malfunction. It can capture radio waves above 30 MHz, propagating them beyond line of sight with minimal attenuation. For radar systems, atmospheric ducting can create radar holes, creating blind spots, or cause radar beams to propagate beyond line of sight, significantly increasing their range.

[0003] Three types of atmospheric ducts typically occur in the marine atmosphere: evaporation ducts, surface ducts (also known as ground ducts), and lift ducts (also known as suspended ducts). Evaporation ducts typically occur in the near-sea atmosphere below 40 meters above sea level. They are a type of atmospheric stratification formed by the evaporation of water vapor, causing a sharp decrease in atmospheric humidity with altitude. Surface ducts are atmospheric ducts whose lower boundaries are connected to the Earth's surface and typically occur in the boundary layer below 300 meters. Lift ducts are atmospheric ducts whose lower boundaries are suspended in the air and typically occur in the lower troposphere below 3 km. The latter two types of atmospheric ducts are collectively referred to as low-altitude ducts. Various maritime activities and the vast majority of radio systems occur within this space. Ducts can cause signal loss, communication delays, and even changes in signal propagation paths and ranges, leading to malfunctions in shipborne radar and satellite navigation systems. This has always been a major safety hazard for maritime activities. Ducts can also increase errors in radar ranging, angle, and velocity measurements, enhance radar clutter, and significantly impact radio communications.

[0004] However, due to the harsh weather conditions and complex and changeable environment at sea, it is very difficult to obtain high-temporal and spatial resolution and high-precision atmospheric duct data through means such as sounding balloons, satellite remote sensing, and aerial remote sensing. Radar / sounding observations in ocean areas have problems such as low temporal and spatial resolution, weak anti-interference capabilities, and difficulty in continuous monitoring. Conventional layered meteorological observations, based on the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory and according to the atmospheric boundary layer theory, use the inversion of ground (sea) surface base layer atmospheric data to complete the monitoring of evaporation ducts, but cannot perform real-time detection of surface ducts and suspended ducts; existing methods (such as infrared or microwave remote sensing on floating platforms such as buoys) are based on atmospheric radiation transmission models under clear sky mode. They have insufficient simulation capabilities under non-clear sky conditions and cannot observe all-weather conditions. They also have large errors on cloudy or rainy days. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method and system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a marine floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Determine the current weather conditions based on the rainfall intensity sensor, micro-weather station, visibility sensor, and infrared cloud sensor, and derive the temperature and humidity range based on the current weather conditions;

[0008] Step 2: Based on the temperature and humidity ranges obtained in step 1, the pressure profile constructed using the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula is combined to obtain the simulated brightness temperature using the MonoRTM model. and ;

[0009] Step 3: Design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm, set constraints, and construct the objective function:

[0010] ;

[0011] Among them, F is the K-band channel objective function of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature in the K band, is the brightness temperature of the microwave radiometer K-band channel; G is the objective function of the microwave radiometer V-band channel, is the simulated brightness temperature in the V band, Measure brightness temperature of V-band channel for microwave radiometer;

[0012] Step 4: According to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm of step 3, when the objective functions F and G reach the minimum value, the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group is obtained. ;

[0013] Step 5: Calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile based on the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in step 4, determine whether a low-altitude waveguide occurs, and upload the results to the shore station data management center.

[0014] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, step 1 is specifically as follows:

[0015] Step 1.1: Count the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer at the nearshore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity range. , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity value of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer;

[0016] Step 1.2: Use the rain intensity sensor to determine whether it is raining. If it is raining, proceed to step 1.8; otherwise, proceed to step 1.3.

[0017] Step 1.3: Determine whether it is foggy based on the micro-weather station and visibility sensor. If it is foggy, proceed to step 1.6; otherwise, proceed to step 1.4.

[0018] Step 1.4: Determine whether the sky is cloudy based on the infrared cloud sensor. If it is cloudy, proceed to step 1.7; otherwise, proceed to step 1.5.

[0019] Step 1.5, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85;

[0020] Step 1.6, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85;

[0021] Step 1.7, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is only one layer with a relative humidity above 85;

[0022] Step 1.8, set the constraint function , that is, there is a layer with a relative humidity above 95.

[0023] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, step 2 specifically comprises:

[0024] For sunny days, a set of pressure profiles are randomly constructed based on the temperature and humidity range and the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula. , edit the input configuration file tape5 of the MonoRTM model, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature;

[0025] In the presence of clouds, fog or rain, liquid water information is added to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity at the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is 2.0g / m 2 When the relative humidity is 85% to 95%, the liquid water concentration satisfies the linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is evenly distributed in the vertical direction. After adding liquid water to the configuration file, the MonoRTM model is driven again to obtain the simulated brightness temperature.

[0026] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, in step 3, the constraints of the multi-target genetic inversion algorithm are: sea level temperature and humidity measured by the micro-meteorological station; temperature, humidity, and air pressure at a limited altitude layer measured by a multi-rotor meteorological drone.

[0027] The above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, the step 4 is specifically: driving the multi-target genetic inversion algorithm to obtain the temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the minimization of the objective functions F and G, and taking the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profiles , and obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group .

[0028] In the above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system and method, the step 5 is specifically as follows: the atmospheric refractive index profile calculation formula is:

[0029] ;

[0030] in, is the absolute temperature, is the wet partial pressure, It is the air pressure;

[0031] When radio waves are transmitted over long distances, the atmospheric refractive index correction is introduced:

[0032] ;

[0033] where r0 is the mean radius of the Earth, is the height;

[0034] Detect the slope of the atmospheric correction refractive index profile. If the situation is such that trapped refraction occurs in the atmosphere, the atmosphere is a trapped layer, which means an atmospheric duct occurs. It is determined that a low-altitude atmospheric duct occurs and an alarm is issued.

[0035] The low-altitude waveguide data at sea monitored in real time by the floating platform is uploaded to the shore station data management center through the digital transmission and remote monitoring module. After fusion processing by the command and control unit, the inversion results or recommended decisions are fed back to users of various platforms at sea.

[0036] A floating offshore low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system is used to implement the above-mentioned floating offshore low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method, comprising a microwave radiometer, a micro-meteorological station for measuring conventional meteorological elements at sea level, an attitude measurement module for monitoring the motion attitude of a floating platform, a multi-rotor meteorological drone for carrying meteorological sensors, an infrared cloud measurement sensor for measuring zenith cloud base temperature, a visibility sensor for measuring sea surface visibility, a rain intensity sensor for measuring sea surface rainfall intensity, a data transmission and remote monitoring module, a power supply module for powering the system, and a main control and data acquisition module for receiving and processing sensor data.

[0037] The above-mentioned offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system also includes weather phenomenon sensors that continuously monitor and identify current weather conditions, as well as a small workstation / server for storing the raw data collected in the system and the intermediate data generated by calculation, and providing high-performance computing support for the inversion algorithm.

[0038] The present invention has the beneficial effect of disclosing a floating, low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system and method at sea. The system can be mounted on floating platforms such as ocean buoys, observation stations, and ships. Compared with existing technologies, the system can maintain long-term, silent detection, making it easier to conceal its target. The system is highly automated, eliminating the need for dedicated personnel. It has a certain ability to penetrate clouds and fog, and has a large detection range. The system is independent and does not interfere with other equipment or systems. Multiple units can be networked for joint encryption and tomographic observation. It can detect surface waveguides and lift waveguides at sea in real time, day and night. Temperature and humidity are corrected for different weather conditions, making low-altitude atmospheric waveguide monitoring more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic weather recognition process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] This embodiment discloses a method for all-weather detection of low-altitude waveguides at sea. Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0043] Step 1: Determine the current weather conditions based on the rainfall intensity sensor, micro-weather station, visibility sensor, and infrared cloud sensor, and derive the temperature and humidity range based on the current weather conditions, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0044] Principles of weather judgment:

[0045] Rainy day judgment: First, determine whether the rain intensity sensor has collected data. If there is data, it is considered rainy. At this time, the subsequent judgment process is temporarily suspended and the corresponding rainy day processing step is directly entered.

[0046] Determining foggy weather: When the rainfall intensity sensor does not detect data, based on the measurement data of the micro-meteorological station and visibility sensor, if the relative humidity is ≥80% and the visibility is ≤200 meters, it is determined to be foggy weather. The subsequent judgment process is also suspended and the corresponding processing is carried out according to the foggy weather situation.

[0047] Determine whether it is cloudy or sunny: If it is not rainy or foggy, it is determined based on the radiation brightness temperature collected by the infrared cloud sensor. (tentatively set at 220K, which can be dynamically adjusted later through digital transmission and remote monitoring modules), it is judged as cloudy sky; and when the radiation brightness temperature is lower than , it is judged to be a clear sky, and corresponding action recording or other operations are subsequently performed according to the corresponding weather conditions.

[0048] In this embodiment, a weather phenomenon sensor is also provided to continuously monitor and identify the current weather conditions (sunny, foggy, cloudy, rainy) and serve as an auxiliary judgment for the weather judgment here.

[0049] Step 1 is as follows:

[0050] Step 1.1: Count the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer at the nearshore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity range. , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity value of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer;

[0051] Step 1.2: Use the rain intensity sensor to determine whether it is raining. If it is raining, proceed to step 1.8; otherwise, proceed to step 1.3.

[0052] Step 1.3: Determine whether it is foggy based on the micro-weather station and visibility sensor. If it is foggy, proceed to step 1.6; otherwise, proceed to step 1.4.

[0053] Step 1.4: Determine whether the sky is cloudy based on the infrared cloud sensor. If it is cloudy, proceed to step 1.7; otherwise, proceed to step 1.5.

[0054] Step 1.5, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85;

[0055] Step 1.6, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85;

[0056] Step 1.7, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is only one layer with a relative humidity above 85;

[0057] Step 1.8, set the constraint function , that is, there is a layer with relative humidity above 95. Step 2, based on the temperature and humidity range of step 1, combined with the pressure profile constructed by the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula, the simulated brightness temperature is obtained according to the MonoRTM model. and .

[0058] The MonoRTM model is an atmospheric radiation transmission model particularly suitable for microwaves. This patent uses the MonoRTM model to calculate the simulated brightness temperature. In the model configuration file, set the temperature profile, pressure profile, altitude profile, humidity profile, number of channels, channel wave number and other information, and then compile it with the spectral data file that comes with the model to obtain the corresponding simulated brightness temperature. Among the above variables, the number of microwave radiometer channels is fixed; the altitude resolution is fixed; the observation channel frequency ( ) to channel wave number ( ) is , where c is the speed of light, in units of The pressure profile can be calculated from the pressure output by the micro-weather station using the empirical pressure formula. The empirical pressure formula is:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, Represents the height in units of m , is the surface air pressure in hPa.

[0061] Specifically in step 2:

[0062] For sunny days, a set of pressure profiles are randomly constructed based on the temperature and humidity range and the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula. , edit the MonoRTM model input configuration file tape5, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature; in the case of clouds, fog, or rain, add liquid water information to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity at the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is 2.0g / m 2 ; When the relative humidity is 85%~95%, the liquid water concentration satisfies the linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is uniformly distributed in the vertical direction; the simulated brightness temperature is calculated.

[0063] Step 3: Design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm and construct the objective function:

[0064] ;

[0065] Among them, F is the K-band channel objective function of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature in the K band, is the brightness temperature of the microwave radiometer K-band channel; G is the objective function of the microwave radiometer V-band channel, is the simulated brightness temperature in the V band, Measure brightness temperature of the V-band channel for the microwave radiometer.

[0066] The constraints of the multi-objective genetic algorithm are: (1) Sea surface temperature and humidity measured by a micro-weather station. (2) Temperature, humidity, and pressure at a limited altitude layer measured by a multi-rotor meteorological drone.

[0067] Parameter initialization of the multi-objective genetic algorithm: (1) set the population size to 100, (2) set the genetic generation number to 5, (3) set the crossover rate to 0.6, and set the mutation rate to 0.2.

[0068] Step 4: According to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm of step 3, when the objective functions F and G reach the minimum value, the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group is obtained. Drive the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to obtain the temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the objective functions F and G, and take the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profiles , and obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group .

[0069] Step 5: Calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile based on the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in step 4, determine whether a low-altitude waveguide occurs, and upload the results to the shore station data management center.

[0070] Calculation of marine atmospheric ducts,

[0071] In the radio band, the atmospheric refractive index can be expressed as:

[0072] ;

[0073] in, represents the refractive index dry term, represents the refractive index wet term, is the total atmospheric pressure, is the dry air partial pressure, is the water vapor partial pressure, , is the temperature in Kelvin.

[0074] It can be approximately expressed as the following equation:

[0075] ;

[0076] Where, is the absolute temperature, is the wet partial pressure, is the air pressure in .

[0077] When radio waves are transmitted over long distances, the effect of the earth's curvature must be taken into account. For this purpose, the atmospheric refractive index correction is introduced. ,in, is the average radius of the Earth, usually taken as , is the height, and the corrected refractive index is dimensionless.

[0078] When detected When trapped refraction occurs in the atmosphere, this layer of atmosphere is called a trapped layer, which means that an atmospheric duct has appeared. This indicates that a low-altitude atmospheric duct has occurred and an alarm has been issued.

[0079] Using the space-based IoT + edge computing architecture, the floating platform's real-time monitoring of low-altitude waveguide data at sea is uploaded to the shore station data management center. After fusion processing by the command and control unit, the inversion results or recommended decisions are fed back to users on each platform at sea. The data transmission and remote monitoring module realizes interaction with the shore station and can complete the cloud sky and clear sky atmospheric radiation brightness temperature threshold. modification.

[0080] Based on the above detection method, this embodiment also discloses an offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system, including:

[0081] 1. Microwave radiometer

[0082] By receiving the microwave brightness temperature transmitted by atmospheric radiation, the atmospheric temperature, humidity profile, etc. are inverted.

[0083] 2. Micro Weather Station

[0084] Conventional meteorological elements of sea level, such as atmospheric temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, wind speed, wind direction, etc., are measured to provide initial constraints for the inversion algorithm.

[0085] 3. Posture measurement module

[0086] Floating platforms at sea experience attitude motion due to wind, swell, waves, and currents. Microwave radiometers actually receive atmospheric microwave brightness temperatures along oblique paths. The platform's attitude is monitored in real time, including pitch, roll, and yaw angles. The actual observation zenith angle is calculated from the attitude angles (this is prior art and will not be further elaborated here).

[0087] 4. Multi-rotor weather drone

[0088] Multi-rotor weather drones are equipped with lightweight meteorological sensors to measure atmospheric parameters such as temperature, humidity, and air pressure within a limited vertical layer (a few or a dozen layers). These sensors serve as supplementary constraints to assist the microwave radiometer inversion process and accelerate the convergence of the multi-objective optimization function.

[0089] 5. Infrared cloud detection sensor

[0090] Measuring information such as the zenith cloud base temperature provides the necessary cloud liquid water information for the inversion calculation of the microwave radiometer under cloudy sky conditions.

[0091] 6. Visibility sensor

[0092] Measuring sea surface visibility provides necessary information for foggy weather judgment and fog liquid water information.

[0093] 7. Rain intensity sensor

[0094] Measuring rainfall intensity over the sea surface provides necessary information for rainy weather judgment and rain attenuation.

[0095] 8. Weather phenomenon sensor

[0096] Continuously monitor and identify current weather conditions (sunny, cloudy, foggy, rainy) as an auxiliary judgment for weather assessment.

[0097] 9. Main control and data acquisition module

[0098] As the core of the entire system, it is responsible for receiving and processing data from various sensors and controlling the operation of the equipment.

[0099] 10. Intelligent power supply module

[0100] Provide stable and reliable power supply for the entire floating platform, combining multiple power supply methods such as solar energy, wind energy, wave energy, fuel cells, batteries, etc., and perform intelligent power management to ensure long-term stable operation of the system.

[0101] 11. High-performance small server

[0102] It is used to store large amounts of data collected and generated in the system, run complex data processing, and provide high-performance computing support for inversion algorithms.

[0103] 12.Data transmission and remote monitoring module

[0104] Responsible for transmitting real-time inversion results at sea, receiving feedback from shore stations (such as model parameter adjustment) and remotely monitoring working status.

[0105] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present invention within the spirit and scope of protection of the present invention, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions shall also be deemed to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method at sea, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Determine the current weather conditions based on the rainfall intensity sensor, micro-weather station, visibility sensor, and infrared cloud sensor, and derive the temperature and humidity range based on the current weather conditions; Step 2: Based on the temperature and humidity ranges obtained in step 1, the pressure profile constructed using the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula is combined to obtain the simulated brightness temperature using the MonoRTM model. and ; Step 3: Design a multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm, set constraints, and construct the objective function: ； Among them, F is the K-band channel objective function of the microwave radiometer, is the simulated brightness temperature in the K band, is the brightness temperature of the microwave radiometer K-band channel; G is the objective function of the microwave radiometer V-band channel, is the simulated brightness temperature in the V band, Measure brightness temperature of V-band channel for microwave radiometer; Step 4: According to the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm of step 3, when the objective functions F and G reach the minimum value, the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group is obtained. ; Step 5: Calculate the atmospheric refractive index profile based on the atmospheric parameter profile group obtained in step 4, determine whether low-altitude ducting occurs, and upload the results to the shore station data management center; The step 1 is specifically as follows: Step 1.1: Count the atmospheric temperature and humidity of each layer at the nearshore sounding station to obtain the empirical temperature and humidity range. , where i represents the i-th layer, is the minimum temperature of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer, is the minimum humidity value of the i-th layer, is the maximum temperature of the i-th layer; Step 1.2: Use the rain intensity sensor to determine whether it is raining. If it is raining, proceed to step 1.8; otherwise, proceed to step 1.

3. Step 1.3: Determine whether it is foggy based on the micro-weather station and visibility sensor. If it is foggy, proceed to step 1.6; otherwise, proceed to step 1.

4. Step 1.4: Determine whether the sky is cloudy based on the infrared cloud sensor. If it is cloudy, proceed to step 1.7; otherwise, proceed to step 1.

5. Step 1.5, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 85; Step 1.6, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and at least two layers have a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.7, set the constraint function , that is, the humidity of all layers is below 95, and there is only one layer with a relative humidity above 85; Step 1.8, set the constraint function , that is, there is a layer with a relative humidity above 95; In step 3, the constraints of the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm are: sea level temperature and humidity measured by the micro-weather station; temperature, humidity, and air pressure at a limited altitude layer measured by the multi-rotor meteorological drone.

2. The offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps in step 2 are: For sunny days, a set of pressure profiles are randomly constructed based on the temperature and humidity range and the sea surface pressure and pressure height formula. , edit the input configuration file tape5 of the MonoRTM model, run the model, and obtain the simulated brightness temperature; In the presence of clouds, fog or rain, liquid water information is added to the MonoRTM model configuration file tape7. When the relative humidity at the altitude layer is less than 85%, the liquid water concentration is 0; when the relative humidity is greater than 95%, the liquid water concentration is 2.0g / m 2 When the relative humidity is 85% to 95%, the liquid water concentration satisfies the linear relationship, and it is assumed that the water content in the cloud is evenly distributed in the vertical direction. After adding liquid water to the configuration file, the MonoRTM model is driven again to obtain the simulated brightness temperature.

3. The offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 is specifically as follows: driving the multi-objective genetic inversion algorithm to obtain a temperature and humidity profile group that satisfies the minimization of the objective functions F and G, and taking the mean of the temperature profile group as the inverted temperature profile. , take the mean of the humidity profile group as the inverted humidity profile , combined pressure profiles , and obtain the inverted atmospheric parameter profile group .

4. The offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific step 5 is: the atmospheric refractive index profile calculation formula is: in, is the absolute temperature, is the wet partial pressure, It is the air pressure; When radio waves are transmitted over long distances, the atmospheric refractive index correction is introduced: where r0 is the mean radius of the Earth, is the height; Detect the slope of the atmospheric correction refractive index profile. If the situation is such that trapped refraction occurs in the atmosphere, the atmosphere is a trapped layer, which means an atmospheric duct occurs. It is determined that a low-altitude atmospheric duct occurs and an alarm is issued. The low-altitude waveguide data at sea monitored in real time by the floating platform is uploaded to the shore station data management center through the digital transmission and remote monitoring module. After fusion processing by the command and control unit, the inversion results or recommended decisions are fed back to users of various platforms at sea.

5. A floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system at sea, characterized in that: A method for implementing an offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a microwave radiometer, a micro-meteorological station for measuring conventional meteorological elements at sea level, an attitude measurement module for monitoring the motion attitude of a floating platform, a multi-rotor meteorological drone for carrying meteorological sensors, an infrared cloud measurement sensor for measuring zenith cloud base temperature, a visibility sensor for measuring sea surface visibility, a rain intensity sensor for measuring sea surface rainfall intensity, a data transmission and remote monitoring module for shore / sea interaction, a power supply module for power supply, and a main control and data acquisition module for receiving and processing sensor data.

6. The offshore floating low-altitude waveguide all-weather detection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes weather phenomenon sensors that continuously monitor and identify current weather conditions, as well as small workstations / servers that store the raw data collected in the system and the intermediate data generated by calculations, and provide high-performance computing support for the inversion algorithm.

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