A subway intelligent lighting energy-saving control method

Abstract

The present application relates to program control system technical field, specifically to a kind of subway wisdom lighting energy-saving control method, comprising the following steps: based on the preloaded train operation route and real-time train station detection signal, the train approach state of platform area is judged, the lighting activation starting time point and duration of platform area are set in combination with traffic flow, and platform activation time window is generated.The present application is based on the dynamic fusion of train operation route and real-time station detection signal, can identify the train approach state of platform area, the activation timing is judged by traffic flow, and the time error of lighting start-stop is avoided;Light intensity sensor data is introduced in the activation time window, and the brightness requirement is calculated in combination with real-time number of people, so that the light adjustment process is changed from static fixed value control to dynamic sensing regulation;Lighting parameters are determined by brightness percentage mapping method, to improve the responsiveness and environmental adaptability of dimming process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of program control system technology, and in particular to a smart lighting energy-saving control method for subways. Background Technology

[0002] The field of programmable control systems refers to a technological system that utilizes logical operations, state recognition, data acquisition, and execution mechanisms to achieve precise control of equipment, processes, or systems in a programmed manner. This field broadly encompasses technologies such as automation control, embedded systems, industrial process scheduling, human-machine interaction logic, and remote communication interfaces. It relies on the coordinated operation of sensors, actuators, microprocessor units, communication protocols, and control algorithms to achieve dynamic monitoring and control response of the target object's state.

[0003] Existing technologies in control systems primarily rely on fixed logic chains for logic settings and response mechanisms, lacking fine-grained responsiveness to environmental changes. This can easily lead to control lag or energy waste in the highly dynamic and varied environments of rail transit. At the operation and maintenance level, maintenance strategies are mostly based on periodic manual inspections and discrete alarm handling, lacking comprehensive analysis of multiple state factors. This results in a mismatch between maintenance resource allocation and response priorities, leading to increased maintenance costs and untimely responses. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a smart lighting energy-saving control method for subways.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a smart lighting energy-saving control method for subways, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Based on the preloaded train route and real-time train arrival detection signals, the train approach status in the platform area is determined. Combined with passenger flow, the start time and duration of the platform area lighting activation are set to generate the platform activation time window.

[0007] Based on the platform activation time window, the ambient light illuminance sensor value of the platform area is read, the current ambient light reference value is established, and based on the current ambient light reference value, the target brightness level percentage is determined by comparing it with the number of people, and the target lighting brightness parameter is obtained.

[0008] Based on the target lighting brightness parameters, a lighting unit control protocol code is selected, a preliminary control code sequence is established, and based on the preliminary control code sequence, a complete dimming instruction for the lighting unit is formed, generating a standardized lighting control instruction.

[0009] Acquire the status data of the subway lighting equipment, identify the lighting unit numbers that do not match the status of the standardized lighting control command, establish a list of abnormal lighting fixtures, match the faulty lighting fixture numbers in the list with preset maintenance trigger conditions, and generate a designated lighting fixture maintenance activation signal.

[0010] Preferably, the steps for obtaining the platform activation time window are as follows:

[0011] Based on the train route, retrieve the track number and train direction of the target platform, extract the train arrival timestamp within the current scheduling cycle from the real-time train arrival detection signal, find the corresponding departure timestamp of the train from the scheduling plan, calculate the difference between arrival and departure, and obtain the planned dwell time of the train in the platform section.

[0012] Based on the planned dwell time of the train in the platform section, the personnel flow rate per unit area and the personnel flow velocity data of the corresponding passage are collected for each sampling unit time period in the platform area during that period. The flow rate value is normalized with the standard reference density, and the flow velocity value is normalized with the reference flow velocity value. The lighting duration is then calculated.

[0013] The train arrival detection time is set as the lighting activation start time, and the lighting activation end time is set according to the lighting duration to generate a platform activation time window.

[0014] Preferably, the step of obtaining the current ambient light reference value is as follows:

[0015] Based on the platform activation time window, the start and end time boundaries of the corresponding activation period in the current platform area are located, the original illuminance value sequence within the activation period is extracted, and a set of original ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area is generated.

[0016] Based on the set of raw ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area, the raw illuminance value sequences are classified and aggregated according to sensor number, and the consistency of the sampling period is checked for each type of raw illuminance value sequence. Data segments with interrupted sampling, lag, or drift are removed to obtain the set of effective ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area.

[0017] Based on the set of effective values ​​of ambient illuminance in the platform area, the sensors are prioritized according to their spatial arrangement and stability, and illuminance values ​​representing the overall brightness level of the platform are extracted to generate current ambient illuminance reference values.

[0018] Preferably, the step of obtaining the target illumination brightness parameter is as follows:

[0019] Based on the current ambient light reference value, retrieve the statistical data of all turnstiles in the platform area at the current time point, accumulate all entry and exit records according to the lighting control time segment, count the total number of people on site in each segment, and divide the total number of people in each segment by the effective usable area of ​​the platform area to obtain the sequence of the number of people on site per unit area corresponding to each time period.

[0020] Based on the sequence of the number of people present per unit area and the current ambient light reference value, normalize each pair of data items according to the time period index order, and calculate the target brightness level percentage.

[0021] Based on the target brightness level percentage, the difference in brightness components is calculated with the current ambient light reference value. The required supplementary lighting output is then determined through linear compensation to form the target lighting brightness parameters.

[0022] Preferably, the step of obtaining the initial control code sequence is as follows:

[0023] Based on the target lighting brightness parameter, the lighting unit control protocol mapping table of the lighting system is matched, and the lighting unit control protocol number corresponding to the level to which the current lighting brightness parameter belongs is retrieved according to the level range. The encoding structure of the number is then parsed to obtain the lighting unit control protocol code.

[0024] Based on the lighting unit control protocol code, the lighting unit address structure, instruction field format and function bit identification method defined in the control protocol code are extracted. According to the physical deployment order and response priority order of the lighting units in the platform area, the same protocol codes are sorted according to the address structure to generate a structured lighting unit instruction set.

[0025] Based on the structured lighting unit instruction set, the protocol codes and corresponding control fields of all lighting units are merged and encoded according to the operation sequence to generate a preliminary control code sequence.

[0026] Preferably, the steps for obtaining the standardized lighting control commands are as follows:

[0027] Based on the preliminary control code sequence, the lighting unit control protocol field and operation instruction field in each control frame are parsed, and the dimming level, execution delay and switch status code content are extracted in sequence according to the physical location number of the lighting unit to generate a set of dimming control fields for the lighting unit.

[0028] Based on the set of dimming control fields for the lighting unit, each control field is concatenated with the corresponding lighting unit address instruction to unify the dimming level encoding format, and supplement the protocol header identifier, synchronization bit and check bit to form a dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure.

[0029] Based on the dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure, the instruction encapsulation format is converted, and all dimming instructions of the lighting units are integrated into the same control data frame structure to generate standardized lighting control instructions.

[0030] Preferably, the steps for obtaining the list of abnormal lighting fixtures are as follows:

[0031] Acquire the status data of the subway lighting equipment, and read the current brightness level, electrical status, working response flag and number information of each lighting unit through the protocol port to form a set of current status data of the lighting equipment;

[0032] Based on the current status data set of the lighting equipment, each item is compared according to the matching rules between the lighting unit number and the standardized lighting control command. It is determined whether the current status of each lighting unit meets the brightness level and control response logic required by the standardized lighting control command. Lighting unit numbers with inconsistent status are filtered out, and the inconsistency type is marked as brightness abnormal. After being summarized, they are stored in a unified list of abnormal lamps.

[0033] Preferably, the step of obtaining the designated lighting fixture maintenance activation signal is as follows:

[0034] Based on the list of abnormal lighting fixtures, the fault type, cumulative fault duration, number of failure responses and frequency of state switching for each lighting unit are retrieved, the number of each lighting fixture and its corresponding state parameters are extracted, and an abnormal state data list corresponding to each lighting fixture number is generated.

[0035] Based on the abnormal status data list corresponding to each lamp number, calculate the maintenance trigger factor for each lamp;

[0036] Based on the maintenance triggering factor, each lamp is individually checked to see if it exceeds the maintenance triggering threshold. All lamp numbers that meet the conditions are then selected, and a maintenance activation signal for the specified lamp is generated.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0038] This invention, based on the dynamic fusion of train route and real-time station entry detection signals, can identify the train approach status in the platform area and determine the activation timing by incorporating passenger flow, thus avoiding time errors in lighting start-up and shutdown. Within the activation time window, illuminance sensor data is introduced, and brightness requirements are calculated in conjunction with real-time passenger numbers, transforming the lighting adjustment process from static setpoint control to dynamic sensing and regulation. Lighting parameters are determined through a brightness percentage mapping method, improving the responsiveness and environmental adaptability of the dimming process. In the selection of control protocol codes and the initial sequence construction steps, control commands are bound to physical lighting units, establishing a programmable, sortable, and verifiable execution structure in the coding rules, ensuring consistency in the control process. The lighting command status and luminaire feedback status are compared item by item to identify luminaires with abnormal status and construct a list. Item-by-item matching is performed using maintenance trigger factors to achieve quantitative assessment of fault levels, improving the timeliness of maintenance response and the rationality of priority judgment. This enhances the energy-saving capabilities of the subway lighting system and the level of intelligent equipment management in multi-variable dynamic environments. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 This invention provides a technical solution, a method for energy-saving control of smart lighting in subways, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Based on the preloaded train route and real-time train arrival detection signals, the train approach status in the platform area is determined. Combined with passenger flow, the start time and duration of the platform area lighting activation are set to generate the platform activation time window.

[0043] Based on the platform activation time window, the ambient light illuminance sensor value of the platform area is read to establish the current ambient light reference value. Based on the current ambient light reference value, the target brightness level percentage is determined by comparing it with the number of people, and the target lighting brightness parameter is obtained.

[0044] Based on the target lighting brightness parameters, select the lighting unit control protocol code, establish a preliminary control code sequence, and combine the preliminary control code sequence to form a complete dimming instruction for the lighting unit, thereby generating a standardized lighting control instruction.

[0045] Acquire the status data of subway lighting equipment, identify lighting unit numbers that do not match the status of standardized lighting control commands, establish a list of abnormal lighting fixtures, match the faulty lighting fixture numbers in the list with preset maintenance trigger conditions, and generate a maintenance activation signal for the specified lighting fixtures.

[0046] The steps to obtain the platform activation time window are as follows:

[0047] Based on the train route, retrieve the track number and train direction of the target platform, extract the train arrival timestamp within the current scheduling cycle from the real-time train arrival detection signal, find the corresponding departure timestamp of the train from the scheduling plan, calculate the difference between arrival and departure, and obtain the planned dwell time of the train in the platform section.

[0048] Based on the planned dwell time of the train in the platform area, the passenger flow per unit area and the passenger flow velocity data of the corresponding passage are collected for each sampling unit time period within the platform area. The flow rate value is normalized with the standard reference density, and the flow velocity value is normalized with the reference flow velocity value. The lighting duration is then calculated using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] Among them, T z D represents the duration of illumination. e D is the planned departure time of the train. s For train entry inspection time, P i ′=P i / P ref V represents the ratio of the population flow per unit area to the reference population density during the i-th time period. i ′=V i / V ref is the ratio of the channel flow velocity value to the reference flow velocity in the i-th time period, g is the number of sampling time periods within the train dwell time period, and k is the compensation factor in the time dimension, in seconds, used to convert the normalization adjustment term into the time unit;

[0051] The train arrival detection time is set as the lighting activation start time, and the lighting activation end time is set according to the lighting duration, thus generating a platform activation time window.

[0052] Specifically, based on train route data, which records in detail the stops on each train line, the physical track number corresponding to each platform, and the standard operating direction of the train in each section, the system first performs a query operation in the train route database using the received current train identifier, such as train number "G7053," and the name of the target platform, such as "Central Hub Station." This retrieves and precisely matches the specific track number used by train "G7053" when it stops at "Central Hub Station," such as "track number 3 (uphill)." Simultaneously, it obtains the preset operating direction, such as "from south to north." Next, the system continuously monitors the real-time train detection system linked to the platform entrance. This system consists of axle counters or induction coils installed beside the tracks. When a train wheel passes a specific detection point, it generates a signal containing precise time information. From this series of signals, the system selects the appropriate time span for the currently interested scheduling period, such as the entire time span from the start of operation on the current day (05:00:00) to the end of operation on the next day (01:00:00). The system extracts the accurate timestamp of when train "G7053" triggered the station entry detection point (e.g., a detector located 50 meters ahead of the platform's starting end), recording it as "May 17, 2025, 10:15:08". This is the train's entry detection time. Subsequently, based on the train identifier "G7053" and the target platform "Central Hub Station", the system accesses the train scheduling plan database. This database stores the planned arrival and departure timetables of all trains at various stations, and retrieves the information about train "G7053" at the "Central Hub Station". The planned departure timestamp corresponding to the station is given as "May 17, 2025, 10:20:00". Finally, this planned departure timestamp is converted to the number of seconds from a common reference point (such as midnight of the day) (e.g., 37200 seconds) and then subtracted from the previously obtained train arrival detection timestamp (e.g., 36908 seconds) (37200-36908=292 seconds). The time difference between the two is calculated to obtain the planned dwell time of the train in the platform section, which is 292 seconds.

[0053] formula: The advantages of this formula are: it can dynamically adjust the duration of lighting based on the train's planned stop time and the real-time passenger flow and velocity within the platform area, ensuring sufficient lighting during train stops and passenger evacuations, while avoiding unnecessary energy waste when the platform is idle or sparsely populated. This is achieved by introducing a normalized passenger density index P′. i and personnel flow rate index V′ iBy combining logarithmic functions to handle the influence of density and inversely proportional adjustment of flow velocity, the system achieves refined perception and response to complex pedestrian flow conditions. The setting of compensation factor k allows the system to be flexibly adjusted according to the specific characteristics and energy-saving goals of different stations. Ultimately, the system achieves the overall goal of improving the energy efficiency of the subway lighting system while ensuring safety and comfort.

[0054] D e The steps to obtain the train's scheduled departure time are: D e This information is obtained by querying the train operation scheduling database of the subway operation control center. This database stores the scheduled arrival and departure times of each train at each station. For a specific train number (e.g., identified by train number) and target platform, its scheduled departure timestamp is retrieved and read. This timestamp is determined in advance based on the train timetable. For example, for train number "SN001" at "Square Station", its scheduled departure time is "2025-05-17 14:35:00" as obtained from the scheduling database.

[0055] D s The steps to obtain the train arrival inspection time are as follows: D s The system obtains real-time data through an automatic train identification and positioning system installed at the platform track entrance. This system typically uses an axle counter, track circuit, or a train speed measurement and positioning device based on wireless communication. When the front of the train reaches the predetermined detection point, the system records the current timestamp. For example, when the front axle of train "SN001" triggers the axle counter sensor at the entrance of platform 2 of "Square Station", the system records the entry detection time as "2025-05-17 14:30:05".

[0056] P′ i Let P be the ratio of the population flow per unit area in the i-th time period to the reference population density. The steps to obtain it are as follows: First, obtain the population flow per unit area P in the i-th time period. i Then obtain the reference personnel density P. ref Then calculate P′ i =P i / P ref .

[0057] P iThe steps for obtaining the data are as follows: Using video surveillance cameras deployed in the platform area combined with intelligent video analysis algorithms, or through devices such as infrared sensors and pressure-sensing floors, the instantaneous number of people in a designated area of ​​the platform is counted within a preset sampling time interval (e.g., every 5 seconds). This number is then divided by the effective area of ​​the area (e.g., the effective area of ​​the platform is 500 square meters) to obtain the number of people per unit area. For example, if the video analysis system identifies 150 people in the platform area during the third 5-second time interval, then P3 = 150 people / 500m². 2 =0.3 people / m 2 .

[0058] P ref The steps to obtain the reference personnel density P are as follows: ref If the maximum passenger density on the platform is 0.5 people / m² 2 Then set P ref =0.5 people / m 2 This value is configured in the system parameters by the subway operation management department according to the specifications and characteristics of the station.

[0059] Therefore, if P3 = 0.3 people / m 2 And P ref =0.5 people / m 2 Therefore, P′3=0.3 / 0.5=0.6.

[0060] V′ i The ratio of the channel flow rate value to the reference flow rate in the i-th time period is obtained by the following steps: First, obtain the channel flow rate value V in the i-th time period. i Then obtain the reference flow velocity V. ref Then calculate V′ i =V i / V ref .

[0061] V i The steps for obtaining the data are as follows: Using the platform video surveillance system, the average moving speed of passengers in the main passageway (such as near stairwells and escalator entrances) is analyzed by target tracking. In each sampling time interval, the moving trajectories of several representative passengers are selected, and their average speed is calculated as the passageway flow velocity value for that time period. For example, in the third 5-second time interval, the average moving speed of passengers in the main passageway area of ​​the platform is 0.8 m / s obtained through video analysis, then V3 = 0.8 m / s.

[0062] V ref The steps to obtain the reference flow rate are as follows: For example, according to pedestrian flow studies, the normal walking speed is approximately 1.2 m / s. Considering the possible short-term congestion and luggage carrying within the subway station, the reference flow rate is set to V. ref =1.0m / s.

[0063] Therefore, if V3 = 0.8 m / s and V ref =1.0m / s, then V′3=0.8 / 1.0=0.8.

[0064] g represents the number of sampling time periods within the train's dwell time, and its acquisition steps are as follows: based on the train's planned departure time D... e and train entry inspection time D s Calculate the total number of seconds T that the train is scheduled to stay on the platform. dwell =D e -D s And combined with the preset duration T of a single sampling unit time period sample (For example, 5 seconds), through the formula Calculations show that, for example, if D e It is 14:35:00, D s If it is 14:30:05, then T dwell = 295 seconds, if T sample =5 seconds, then

[0065] k is a compensation factor in the time dimension, measured in seconds. The steps to obtain the k value are as follows: The determination of the k value is based on statistical analysis and optimization objectives of the lighting delay requirements of a specific subway platform under different passenger flow conditions. First, historical data is collected, and the average value of the normalized adjustment term for different time periods is recorded. And the corresponding ideal lighting delay T, determined by human assessment or passenger feedback. ideal_ext Then, by establishing T ideal_ext With X avg The relationship between X and k is used to determine k; for example, if the analysis shows that when X... avg When the value is 0.15, an additional 60 seconds of lighting time is typically required to ensure all passengers can leave comfortably. Therefore, k can be set as k = T. ideal_ext / X avg =60s / 0.15=400s.

[0066] Calculation process:

[0067] Train departure schedule D e =14:35:00 (converted to the number of seconds in the day: 14×3600+35×60=50400+2100=52500 seconds).

[0068] Train entry inspection time D s =14:30:05 (converted to the number of seconds in the day: 14×3600+30×60+5=50400+1800+5=52205 seconds).

[0069] Planned dwell time of trains in the platform section (D) e-D s =52500s-52205s=295s.

[0070] Duration T of a single sampling unit sample =5s.

[0071] Number of sampling time periods during the train's stop time

[0072] The compensation factor for the time dimension is k = 400s.

[0073] For example, within the 59 sampling time intervals of g, P′ for each time interval was obtained. i and V′ i For the sake of simplifying the calculation process, the data here refers to, for example, all sample points. The average value is 0.12, that is

[0074] Then the duration of illumination T z The calculation is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] T z =295s + 400s · 0.12;

[0077] T z =295s + 48s;

[0078] T z =343s;

[0079] The results show that, after comprehensively considering the planned train stop time and the real-time passenger flow and velocity dynamics in the platform area, the calculated lighting duration is 343 seconds. This duration is 48 seconds longer than the planned train stop time of 295 seconds. This extra 48 seconds is dynamically adjusted based on the current passenger activity on the platform to ensure sufficient lighting in the platform area before passengers are completely evacuated. z The value is significantly greater than (D) e -D s If the value is close to (D), it indicates that the platform has a high population density or a slow evacuation speed, requiring a longer lighting time. Conversely, if the value is close to (D), it indicates that the platform has a high population density or a slow evacuation speed, requiring a longer lighting time. e -D s If the number of passengers on the platform is low or the evacuation is rapid, then this indicates that there are fewer people on the platform or that the evacuation is quick. z The value will serve as the direct basis for setting the platform lighting activation time window, and will be used to determine the termination time of lighting activation.

[0080] The train arrival detection time, obtained through real-time train arrival detection signals (e.g., "May 17, 2025, 14:30:05"), is directly set as the start time for activating the platform area lighting without any delay or adjustment. This ensures that as soon as the train enters the platform area, the lighting in the relevant areas is activated to the predetermined or calculated brightness level. Then, the system calls the lighting duration T calculated in the previous step. z Its value is, for example, 343 seconds, this T z This is a total lighting demand time that integrates the planned train stop time with dynamic adjustments based on real-time passenger density and flow rate. Using the previously set lighting activation start time "May 17, 2025, 14:30:05" as a base, and adding the lighting duration of 343 seconds, the time is accumulated: 14:30:05 + 343 seconds. First, the 343 seconds are converted to minutes and seconds, i.e., 5 minutes and 43 seconds. Then, the execution time is added: 14:30:05 + 5 minutes and 43 seconds = 14:35:48. The calculated result, "14:35:48 on May 17, 2025," was set as the end time for lighting activation related to this train service. Finally, combining the determined start time and the calculated end time, a specific time interval was defined, from "14:30:05 on May 17, 2025" to "14:35:48 on May 17, 2025." This time interval with a clear start and end time constitutes the platform activation time window corresponding to this train's stop service.

[0081] The steps to obtain the current ambient light reference value are as follows:

[0082] Based on the platform activation time window, the start and end time boundaries of the corresponding activation period in the current platform area are located, the original illuminance value sequence within the activation period is extracted, and a set of original ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area is generated.

[0083] Based on the set of raw ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area, the raw illuminance value sequences are classified and aggregated according to sensor number. The consistency of the sampling period is checked for each type of raw illuminance value sequence. Data segments with interrupted sampling, lag, or drift are removed to obtain the set of effective ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area.

[0084] Based on the set of effective values ​​of ambient illuminance in the platform area, the sensors are prioritized according to their spatial arrangement and stability, and illuminance values ​​representing the overall brightness level of the platform are extracted to generate the current ambient illuminance reference value.

[0085] Specifically, based on the platform activation time window determined in the aforementioned steps, this window clarifies the specific time period that the lighting control system needs to focus on. For example, the start time is "May 17, 2025, 14:30:05" and the end time is "May 17, 2025, 14:35:48". The system first uses this start and end time boundary as the start and end constraints for data querying, accesses the time-series database storing historical data from each illuminance sensor, and targets the "2" sensors deployed in the current target platform area (e.g., "Plaza Station"). The entire area of ​​the southbound platform (specifically including the platform waiting area, the inside of the platform screen doors, and the area within the boundary lines of stair and escalator entrances / exits) includes all activated illuminance sensors. These sensors are uniformly model digital illuminance sensors, each equipped with a unique device identification code (e.g., "LXS-P2S-001" to "LXS-P2S-015"). They continuously monitor and record the ambient light intensity at their location at a fixed sampling frequency (e.g., the system is set to collect data every 2 seconds), with the data unit uniformly in lux. The system will iterate through the log records of all sensors associated with the target station in the database, filtering out all illuminance readings whose timestamp attribute values ​​are greater than or equal to the start time of the station's activation time window ("May 17, 2025, 14:30:05") and less than or equal to the end time ("May 17, 2025, 14:35:48"). For example, sensor "LXS-P2S-001" may have recorded 170 readings within this time period (343 seconds / 2 seconds / reading). Approximately 171 sampling points (with slight variations depending on boundary processing), such as "Time: 14:30:06, Illuminance: 125 lux", "Time: 14:30:08, Illuminance: 126 lux", up to "Time: 14:35:48, Illuminance: 130 lux". The illuminance readings collected by all sensors within this precise time period, along with their corresponding timestamps and sensor numbers, are compiled to form a raw data set containing multiple time series. This set is the raw set of ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area.

[0086] Based on the set of raw ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area generated in the previous paragraph, this set contains a list of all raw readings collected by all relevant illuminance sensors within a specified activation time window. The system first preprocesses this data, classifying and aggregating the raw illuminance value sequences belonging to the same sensor according to the sensor number information associated with each data point, such as using "LXS-P2S-001" or "LXS-P2S-002" as keys. This forms multiple independent illuminance time series indexed by the sensor number. Subsequently, the system performs a sampling period consistency check on each independent illuminance time series. The specific check steps are as follows: First, it detects interrupted sampling. The system checks the difference between the timestamps of two adjacent data points in the sequence. Theoretically, this difference should be equal to the preset sampling period, for example, 2 seconds. If the actual difference is greater than N of the preset sampling period... miss Times, for example, N miss If the time interval is set to 2.5 times (i.e., the time interval exceeds 2.5 × 2 seconds = 5 seconds), then a data loss is considered to have occurred. The data segment from that sampling point to the next normal sampling point is marked as unreliable. Secondly, the system detects data lag by comparing the timestamp of the sensor data with the timestamp of the data received and recorded by the central system. If the difference between the two exceeds the preset maximum network transmission and processing delay threshold T, the system will detect the data loss. lag For example, T lag If a data point is set to 1 second (this value is determined based on long-term monitoring of the subway's internal network environment and statistical analysis of network latency data at the 99.5th percentile), then that data point is marked as lagging. Thirdly, data drift is detected by calculating the short-term mean and standard deviation of each data point relative to several data points before and after it (e.g., two before and two after, forming a 5-point sliding window). If the value of a data point deviates from its short-term mean by more than M... dev Multiples of short-term standard deviations, such as M dev If the value is set to 3 times, and this deviation is not caused by drastic changes in the actual ambient light reflected by other nearby sensors (judged by comparing the trend of changes in data from surrounding sensors), then the data point may be drifting. Alternatively, if the reading of a sensor remains completely unchanged or changes very little (e.g., fluctuations less than 1 lux) for a long period of time (e.g., more than 30 consecutive sampling points, i.e., 60 seconds), while other sensors show normal fluctuations, it is also judged as drifting. The system removes all data points or data segments marked as discontinuous sampling, lagging, or drifting from the corresponding original illuminance value sequence. The remaining data points that pass the verification are combined to form the set of effective values ​​of ambient illuminance in the platform area.

[0087] Based on the set of effective ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area obtained in the previous paragraph, this set contains a sequence of reliable illuminance readings from various sensors that have undergone quality verification. The system further filters and integrates these data according to preset rules. First, the system accesses a pre-configured sensor metadata database, which stores the static attributes of each illuminance sensor, including its precise three-dimensional spatial coordinates (x, y, z), a description of its specific physical installation location (e.g., "Central canopy of Platform 2, serial number 005"), and the importance level of that location for the assessment of platform lighting uniformity and safety (e.g., divided into three levels: Level 1 represents critical areas such as passenger boarding / alighting areas and stairwells; Level 2 represents general waiting areas; and Level 3 represents edge or auxiliary areas). This importance level is pre-defined and entered into the system by lighting design experts based on the station layout and passenger flow characteristics. For example, a primary area is assigned a location weight of 3, a secondary area of ​​2, and a tertiary area of ​​1. Simultaneously, the system evaluates the operational stability of each sensor based on its historical operating records over a period of time (e.g., the last 7 days), primarily examining its data effectiveness rate (i.e., the percentage of valid readings out of the total required readings). For instance, a data effectiveness rate above 99% is rated as high stability (stability weight 1.0), 95%-99% as medium stability (stability weight 0.8), and below 95% as low stability (stability weight 0.6). These weight thresholds are set by analyzing historical sensor failure rates and data quality distribution. Subsequently, for each valid reading within the current station's activation time window, the system calculates a comprehensive priority score based on the sensor's location importance weight and stability weight. The scoring rule can be: Comprehensive Priority Score P priority,j = Position weight j ×0.7 + stability weight j The coefficients ×0.3, 0.7, and 0.3 reflect the relative emphasis on location factors. The system selects the N sensors with the highest comprehensive priority scores at the current time point (or the most recent sampling period). (For example, for a medium-sized station, N may be set to 5 to 7 sensors. This number takes into account both computational efficiency and result representativeness, ensuring at least coverage of the main area types.) The system then uses the latest effective illuminance reading L. j The weighted average method is used for fusion, and the calculation formula is as follows: The calculation result, a single lux value, is used as a reference value for the current ambient light level representing the overall ambient light level of the platform.

[0088] The steps for obtaining the target illumination brightness parameters are as follows:

[0089] Based on the current ambient light reference value, retrieve the statistical data of all turnstiles in the platform area at the current time point, accumulate all entry and exit records according to the lighting control time segment, count the total number of people on site in each segment, and divide the total number of people in each segment by the effective usable area of ​​the platform area to obtain the sequence of the number of people on site per unit area for each time period.

[0090] Based on the sequence of the number of people present per unit area and the current ambient light reference value, each pair of data items is normalized according to the time period index order, and the percentage of the target brightness level is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091]

[0092] Among them, L p N represents the target brightness level percentage. i ′=N i / N ref E represents the ratio of the number of people present per unit area to the reference population density during the i-th time period. i ′=E i / E ref is the ratio of the ambient light reference value to the reference light intensity in the i-th time period, g is the total number of sampling time periods, and M is the maximum brightness level supported by the lighting system, with a value that is a dimensionless integer.

[0093] Based on the target brightness level percentage, the difference in brightness components is calculated with the current ambient light reference value. The required supplementary lighting output is then determined through linear compensation to form the target lighting brightness parameters.

[0094] Specifically, based on the current ambient light reference value obtained in the previous steps, this single lux value, for example, is 120 lux, representing the current background light level in the platform area. The system first sends a data request to the subway automatic fare collection system or passenger information system to retrieve all original entry and exit records of all turnstiles associated with the current platform service area (e.g., all 10 turnstiles numbered from AFC-G01 to AFC-G10) within the most recent complete "lighting control time segment" period. A "lighting control time segment" period is preset to 5 minutes. For example, if the current time is 14:36:00, then data from the time period from 14:30:00 to 14:35:00 will be retrieved. These data typically include fields such as record ID, gate ID, transaction type (entry / exit), and transaction timestamp. The system then categorizes all the acquired entry and exit records into the corresponding 5-minute "lighting control time segments" according to their transaction timestamps. For each segment, the system independently calculates the total number of people entering and exiting within that segment. It then calculates the instantaneous total number of people (Number of people present in the current segment = Number of people present in the previous segment + Number of people entering in the current segment - Number of people exiting in the current segment; the number of people present in the previous segment for the first segment can be based on historical data or set to 0) through iterative calculation (Number of people present in the current segment = Number of people present in the previous segment + Number of people entering in the current segment - Number of people exiting in the current segment; the number of people present in the previous segment for the first segment can be based on historical data or set to 0) or by analyzing snapshots of people at specific time points (such as the end of each segment) to obtain the instantaneous total number of people (N) present in the platform area at the end of each 5-minute time period. total,i Then, the total number of people present N in each time period is calculated. total,i Divide by the preset effective usable area A of the platform area platform (For example, the effective usable area of ​​Platform 2 at the Plaza Station, measured and entered into the system, is 650 square meters), the calculation formula is N i =N total,i / A platform This yields a series of data, N, representing the number of people per unit area present for each 5-minute time period. i (Unit: people / square meter), these N i The values ​​are arranged in chronological order, forming a sequence of the number of people present per unit area for each time period.

[0095] formula: The advantage of this formula is that it can dynamically calculate the target brightness level percentage, comprehensively considering two core factors: the number of people per unit area and the current ambient light level. This is achieved by processing the square of the normalized number of people ((N′...). i ) 2 This increases the weight given to lighting needs of high-density populations. Simultaneously, by taking the square root of the normalized ambient light and adding 1 to the denominator... This ensures that the stronger the existing light, the smaller the contribution to the demand for supplemental lighting, but its impact is smoothed out, avoiding large fluctuations in lighting demand caused by minor changes in light. Finally, it is standardized by dividing by the maximum brightness level M of the lighting system to ensure the output L... p It is a relative control value that matches the system's capabilities, thereby achieving refined energy-saving control while ensuring visual requirements are met;

[0096] N′ i Let N be the ratio of the number of people present per unit area to the reference population density during the i-th time period. The steps to obtain this ratio are: first, obtain the number of people present per unit area N during the i-th time period. i (person / m) 2 This data comes from the output of the previous step, namely the i-th element in the "sequence of the number of people per unit area in each time period". Then, the reference personnel density N is obtained. ref (person / m) 2 Finally, through formula N′ i =Ni / N ref The calculation yields N′ i It is a dimensionless relative value that reflects the current population density relative to a reference standard. For example, if N in the i-th time period... i =0.6 people / m 2 And N ref =0.75 people / m 2 Then N′ i =0.6 / 0.75=0.8.

[0097] N ref The steps to obtain the (reference personnel density) are as follows: This parameter represents the reasonable or noteworthy personnel density reference benchmark considered in the design or operation management of subway platforms, with units of people / square meter. The operator, after evaluation, will use N... ref Set to 0.75 people / m 2 .

[0098] E′ i Let E be the ratio of the ambient light reference value to the reference light intensity for the i-th time period. The steps to obtain this ratio are as follows: First, obtain the ambient light reference value E for the i-th time period. i (lux), for example, if the current ambient light reference value E i =120 lux, and the reference illuminance E ref =200 lux, then E′ i =120 / 200=0.6.

[0099] E refThe steps to obtain the (reference illuminance) are as follows: This parameter represents the standard illuminance required by the subway platform under ideal conditions or in the design specifications. For example, if the standard stipulates that the average maintained illuminance of the subway platform area should not be less than 200 lux, then the operation and management department can use E... ref Set to 200 lux.

[0100] g represents the total number of sampling time periods, and its acquisition steps are as follows: This parameter refers to the current L... p Within the calculation period (e.g., based on the data of the most recent 30 minutes), the total number of time periods obtained after dividing the time according to "lighting control time segments" (e.g., one segment every 5 minutes) is as follows: if the evaluation period is 30 minutes and there is one segment every 5 minutes, then g = 30 minutes / 5 minutes / segment = 6 time periods.

[0101] M represents the maximum number of brightness levels supported by the lighting system. The steps to obtain this parameter are as follows: This parameter is a dimensionless integer, representing the maximum number of controllable discrete levels that the intelligent lighting control system installed in the subway station can divide the brightness of the lamps into. For example, if the DALI dimming system used in a certain station is logically divided into 20 adjustable brightness levels (from the lowest to the highest), then the value of M is 20. This value is set and entered by the system integrator according to the hardware capabilities during deployment. For example, M = 20 is set.

[0102] Calculation process:

[0103] Let N be the number of people present per unit area over the most recent 6 time periods (g = 6). i The values ​​are: [0.3, 0.45, 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.3] people / m³ 2 .

[0104] The current ambient light reference value E obtained through the previous steps actual =90 lux.

[0105] Reference personnel density N ref =0.75 people / m 2 .

[0106] Reference light intensity E ref =200 lux.

[0107] The lighting system supports a maximum brightness level of M = 20.

[0108] First, calculate N′ for each time period. i and E′ i :

[0109] Due to E i =E actual =90lux is the same for all i, so E′ i=E actual / E ref =90 / 200=0.45 is the same for all i.

[0110] N′1=0.3 / 0.75=0.4, N′2=0.45 / 0.75=0.6, N′3=0.6 / 0.75=0.8,

[0111] N′4=0.5 / 0.75≈0.667, N′5=0.4 / 0.75≈0.533, N′6=0.3 / 0.75=0.4.

[0112] Calculate the contribution for each time period

[0113] denominator

[0114] Item 1: (0.4) 2 / 1.6708=0.16 / 1.6708≈0.09576;

[0115] Item 2: (0.6) 2 / 1.6708=0.36 / 1.6708≈0.21546;

[0116] Item 3: (0.8) 2 / 1.6708=0.64 / 1.6708≈0.38305;

[0117] Item 4: (0.667) 2 / 1.6708≈0.44489 / 1.6708≈0.26627;

[0118] Item 5: (0.533) 2 / 1.6708≈0.28409 / 1.6708≈0.16997;

[0119] Item 6: (0.4) 2 / 1.6708=0.16 / 1.6708≈0.09576;

[0120] Sum: 0.09576 + 0.21546 + 0.38305 + 0.26627 + 0.16997 + 0.09576 ≈ 1.22627;

[0121] average:

[0122] Calculate L p :

[0123] L p =0.20438÷M=0.20438÷20≈0.010219;

[0124] The result indicates that the calculated target brightness level percentage L p Approximately 0.010219, or about 1.02%, this value is a ratio between 0 and 1 (or multiplied by 100 to get a percentage). It indicates the proportion of the lighting system's maximum controllable brightness level range that it should output based on current population density and ambient lighting conditions. If this value is close to 1 (or 100%), it indicates that high-brightness lighting is required; if it is close to 0, it indicates that lower brightness is required. p This value will be used in subsequent steps to determine the specific amount of supplemental lighting output.

[0125] Based on the target brightness level percentage L calculated in the previous paragraph p For example, its value is 0.010219, and the current ambient light reference value E obtained in the preceding steps (before the description in these three paragraphs). actual For example, if the target brightness level is 90 lux, the system begins to determine the actual required supplemental lighting output. First, it sets the target brightness level percentage L. p Convert to an absolute target total illuminance value L target_total During the conversion, a preset "ideal full-load illumination intensity" L is referenced. ideal_max This L ideal_max It is usually set to be consistent with parameter E. ref (Referencing a light intensity, such as 200 lux), this represents the level of illumination the system should provide when there is no natural light and human activity requires the highest possible lighting support. Therefore, L... target_total =L p ×L ideal_max Substituting the value gives L target_total = 0.010219 × 200 lux ≈ 2.04 lux, this L target_total This represents the total ambient illuminance that the platform area should achieve under the current conditions. Next, the system will calculate this target total illuminance L. target_total Compared with the current actual ambient light reference value E actual Compare (90 lux) and calculate the difference in luminance components between the two, i.e., the required supplemental illuminance L. supplement =L target_total -E actual Substitute the value L supplement =2.04 lux - 90 lux = -87.96 lux. Since the calculated required supplemental illumination is negative, it indicates that the current ambient light level has far exceeded the target total illuminance. Therefore, the actual required artificial lighting output should be 0 lux. The system performs linear compensation processing to ensure that the supplemental lighting output is not negative and does not exceed the maximum physical output capacity L of the lighting system. sys_max_output (For example, 300 lux), specifically: if Lsupplement If the output is less than 0, then the final fill light output L final_supplement =0, if 0≤L supplement ≤L sys_max_output Then L final_supplement =L supplement If L supplement >L sys_max_output Then L final_supplement =L sys_max_output In this example, L final_supplement =0 lux, this is L after linear compensation and upper and lower bound constraints. final_supplement The value (0 lux) constitutes the target illumination brightness parameter transmitted downstream.

[0126] The initial steps for obtaining the control code sequence are as follows:

[0127] Based on the target lighting brightness parameter, the lighting unit control protocol mapping table of the lighting system is matched, and the lighting unit control protocol number corresponding to the level to which the current lighting brightness parameter belongs is retrieved according to the level range. The encoding structure of the number is then parsed to obtain the lighting unit control protocol code.

[0128] Based on the lighting unit control protocol code, the lighting unit address structure, instruction field format and function bit identification method defined in the control protocol code are extracted. According to the physical deployment order and response priority order of the lighting units in the platform area, the same protocol code is sorted according to the address structure to generate a structured lighting unit instruction set.

[0129] Based on the structured lighting unit instruction set, the protocol codes and corresponding control fields of all lighting units are merged and encoded according to the operation sequence to generate a preliminary control code sequence.

[0130] Specifically, based on the specific numerical target lighting brightness parameter ultimately formed by the previous series of steps, such as 0 lux, indicating that the current calculation requirement is to turn off the lighting or maintain the minimum illuminance, the system first accesses the internally stored "Lighting Unit Control Protocol Mapping Table". This mapping table is generated by lighting engineers during the lighting system design and commissioning phase, after configuring and verifying each type of lighting unit (e.g., different models of LED lamps, fluorescent lamps, etc.) and its controller's technical manual and supported dimming instruction set. The core structure of this table consists of multiple columns of data, including "brightness parameter level range" (e.g., 0-5 lux, 6-20 lux, etc.), "corresponding brightness level" (e.g., level 0, level 1, etc.), "lighting unit type identifier" (e.g., "DALI-TypeA", "KNX-Zone1-Luminaire"), and the crucial "lighting unit control protocol number" (an internal code or index, such as "DALI_SET_LEVEL_0").

[0131] The system takes the input target lighting brightness parameter 0 lux and matches it with the "brightness parameter level range" in the mapping table to determine its level. For example, 0 lux falls within the "0-5 lux" range, corresponding to "level 0". Then, based on this "level 0" and the type of lighting unit to be controlled (e.g., the current station mainly uses DALI-Type A type lamps), the system retrieves the corresponding "lighting unit control protocol number" from the mapping table. For example, if the retrieved number is "DALI_CMD_OFF_00", the system then performs encoding structure parsing on this "lighting unit control protocol number". This means that the system will query another internal protocol definition library, which describes in detail the specific communication protocol frame structure, instruction bytes, and data bytes meaning and format corresponding to each protocol number. For example, "DALI_CMD_OFF_00" may be parsed to correspond to the "DIRECTARCPOWER" instruction in the DALI protocol, with its data byte being 0 (indicating 0% brightness or off), thus obtaining the specific target off or minimum brightness lighting unit control protocol code.

[0132] Based on the lighting unit control protocol code obtained from the previous paragraph, such as a standardized instruction structure representing the DALI protocol "DIRECTARCPOWER" instruction and setting the brightness to 0, the system then extracts detailed control parameter formats from the definition of this protocol code. These include the address structure of the lighting unit (e.g., in the DALI protocol, short addresses are 0-63, group addresses are 0-15, broadcast addresses are 255, the address occupies 1 byte, the high-order bits indicate the addressing type, and the low-order bits are the address value), instruction field formats (e.g., DALI instructions typically have a 1-byte instruction code, such as the opcode 0x00 for the "DIRECTARCPOWER" instruction), and related dimming function bit identification methods (e.g., some instructions may include a fade-out time setting bit, but for direct turn-off instructions, this function bit may be absent or set to immediate execution). This information originates from international standards (such as the IEC 62386 series for DALI) or protocol specification documents provided by equipment manufacturers and has been integrated into the protocol definition library during system construction. Subsequently, the system will refer to the "Station Area Lighting Unit..." The "Meta Deployment List" is generated during lighting installation and system commissioning. It details the unique physical identifier of each lighting unit, its control protocol type, logical address on the control bus (such as a DALI short address), physical installation location coordinates or area description (e.g., "Platform A area, near column number P05, lighting fixture number L101, DALI address 5"), and preset response priority order (e.g., safety exit indicator lighting and platform edge lighting have the highest response priority 1, main waiting area has priority 2, and auxiliary area has priority 3; this order is determined by safety regulations and operational requirements). The system will filter out all lighting units (e.g., all DALI lighting fixtures) that match the currently acquired lighting unit control protocol code type and sort them in ascending order according to their logical address (such as a DALI short address). If a response priority order exists, it will first be grouped by priority, and then sorted by address within each group, ultimately forming an ordered, structured lighting unit instruction set containing the address of each lighting unit to be controlled and its corresponding specific control instructions (parsed and filled with parameter-filled protocol codes).

[0133] Based on the structured lighting unit instruction set generated in the previous paragraph, sorted by address and priority, each item in this set specifies the address of the target lighting unit and the complete protocol instruction to be executed (e.g., executing the "DIRECTARCPOWER0" instruction for the luminaire with DALI address 5). The system begins to combine and encode these independent instruction information into a preliminary control code sequence suitable for transmission on the physical communication bus. First, the system traverses each instruction in the structured lighting unit instruction set, extracting its protocol code (e.g., the complete byte sequence of the DALI instruction frame) and the corresponding control fields (e.g., target brightness value, on / off state, etc., in this example, brightness 0 or off state). Then, the system encodes according to predefined operation timing rules, which specify the order and time interval of instruction transmission. For example, for the DALI bus, there needs to be a minimum silence time between instructions. If point-to-point control is used, an instruction frame will be generated for each address and then... If multicast or broadcast is used for the next transmission, a corresponding multicast or broadcast instruction frame will be generated. The operation timing may also include the preparation of collision detection and retransmission mechanisms (although the actual execution is in the transmission phase). During the merging and encoding process, the system assembles the address information, instruction opcode, data parameters, etc. of each instruction into one or more complete digital signal packets according to the frame format specified by the corresponding communication protocol (such as DALIIEC62386) (including start bit, address byte, data byte, stop bit, and possible check such as Manchester encoding rules). If multiple instructions can be merged (for example, performing the same operation on the same group of lamps), the system will give priority to using the group control instruction to improve efficiency. All the encoded instruction frames for a single lighting unit or group of lighting units are chained together in the order of their position in the structured lighting unit instruction set (this order has taken into account physical layout and response priority) to form a continuous binary data stream or message queue to be sent. This data stream or queue is the initial control code sequence.

[0134] The steps for obtaining standardized lighting control commands are as follows:

[0135] Based on the initial control code sequence, the lighting unit control protocol field and operation instruction field in each control frame are parsed, and the dimming level, execution delay and on / off status code are extracted in sequence according to the physical location number of the lighting unit to generate a set of dimming control fields for the lighting unit;

[0136] Based on the set of dimming control fields for lighting units, each control field is concatenated with the corresponding lighting unit address instruction to unify the dimming level encoding format, and supplement the protocol header identifier, synchronization bit and check bit to form a dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure.

[0137] Based on a dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure, the instruction encapsulation format is converted, and all dimming instructions of the lighting units are integrated into the same control data frame structure to generate standardized lighting control instructions.

[0138] Specifically, based on the preliminary control code sequence generated in the previous paragraph, this sequence consists of a series of instructions following a specific communication protocol (e.g., DALI protocol) raw frame format. The system first parses each control frame in this sequence one by one, identifying and separating the "lighting unit control protocol field" and "operation instruction field" within the control frame. The former usually contains the address information of the target lighting unit (e.g., DALI short address, group address, or broadcast address), while the latter contains the specific opcode and related parameters (e.g., the "DIRECTARCPOWER" instruction in the DALI protocol and its corresponding power percentage value of 0, representing off). Next, the system uses a pre-established and stored "lighting unit physical location and logical address mapping list," which is generated during the system installation and debugging phase by scanning the bus, manually entering, or importing design files. This list contains the unique physical location number corresponding to each logical address (e.g., DALI short address "5"). For example, “P2-A1-L003” represents the 3rd light in section A1 of platform 2. Following the order of this physical location number, the system extracts the specific control parameters of each lighting unit from the parsed operation instruction field, including the “dimming level” (e.g., for the DALI protocol, it is a direct power level from 0 to 254, where 0 represents the off state), the “execution delay” (e.g., the brightness change transition time preset by the DALI “SETFADETIME” instruction; if no specific setting is made, it is the protocol default instant or rapid change), and the explicit “on / off state encoding content” (e.g., dimming level 0 is uniformly interpreted as the “off” state, and non-zero levels are the “on” state with a specific brightness). These extracted parameter information are reorganized to generate a record containing the dimming level, execution delay, and on / off state for each lighting unit at each physical location, thus forming a set of dimming control fields indexed by physical location for each lighting unit.

[0139] Based on the set of dimming control fields for lighting units generated in the previous paragraph, indexed by physical location, each record in this set clearly defines the target state of the luminaire at a specific physical location (e.g., dimming level 0, execution delay "instantaneous", on / off state "off"). The system then reconstructs these control fields into a complete instruction frame that conforms to the requirements of the underlying communication protocol. First, for each record in the set, the system retrieves its control fields (dimming level, execution delay, on / off state) and searches again in the "Lighting Unit Physical Location and Logical Address Mapping List" for the lighting unit's logical address instruction corresponding to that physical location number (e.g., the address byte representation of DALI short address "5"). This address instruction is then concatenated with the control fields. During the concatenation process, the system performs a "unified dimming level encoding format" operation to ensure that the dimming level value conforms to the specific encoding method of the target protocol. For example, if the internal dimming level is a percentage, and the target is the DALI protocol, it needs to be converted to a byte value within the range of 0-254 (in this example, level 0 directly corresponds to the DALI value 0). Subsequently, the system generates a complete instruction frame for this concatenated instruction. The address and data fields supplement the other elements necessary to form a complete communication frame, specifically including: "Protocol Header Identifier". For the DALI protocol, this is not a single field, but is identified by a specific frame start condition (a high-level start bit and subsequent bit stream timing). Next is the "Synchronization Bit". DALI signals use Manchester encoding, and each bit contains a level transition to ensure bit synchronization. Finally, there is the "Check Bit". Standard DALI forward command frames (from the master controller to the luminaire) do not contain explicit Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) or checksum fields. Their data integrity mainly depends on precise bit timing, the self-checking characteristics of Manchester encoding, and the confirmation of the acknowledgment frame. If other protocols such as Modbus are used, the corresponding CRC checksum will be calculated and appended here (for example, a 16-bit CRC value is obtained by calculating the address and data bytes using a preset polynomial). Through the splicing of the above fields, format standardization, and the supplementation of necessary elements, an independent dimming command frame with a complete dimming logic structure and conforming to a specific communication protocol standard is generated for each lighting unit. These frames together form the dimming command sequence.

[0140] Based on the dimming command sequence formed in the previous paragraph, which consists of a series of independent dimming command frames conforming to a specific communication protocol (such as DALI) and possessing a complete dimming logic structure, the system next performs the final encapsulation format conversion and integration of the commands. The purpose of this step is to adapt these command sequences, which are geared towards the underlying hardware, to a higher-level central control system or network transmission architecture. First, the system determines the current control architecture. If the subway lighting control system adopts a layered structure, such as connecting to a regional DALI gateway via an IP network, then the "command encapsulation format conversion" may involve encapsulating each DALI command frame (or a batch of command frames) as data payload into an IP packet (such as a UDP or TCP packet), and adding network layer and transport layer header information such as the target gateway's IP address and port number. If the system uses a unified internal control bus protocol that can manage multiple different lighting subsystems, then this conversion process will convert the DALI command sequence... The message format is converted to the internal standard protocol. Then, "integrating all lighting unit dimming commands into the same control data frame structure" means that if the upper-level control system or gateway supports batch command processing, the system may aggregate multiple independent DALI dimming commands (e.g., commands sent to lamps at different addresses on the same DALI bus, or commands sent consecutively in a short period of time) and organize them into a single, structured data packet or message body according to the interface specification of the target gateway or controller. This data packet may contain a command count, a command list (each command contains the target DALI address and DALI data), and possible batch control information. For example, the command to turn off all DALI lamps in area A of station is packaged into a request message sent to DALI gateway A. This single or batch command packet, after conversion and integration, is prepared to be sent to the upper-level controller or network node, which is the standardized lighting control command.

[0141] The steps to obtain the list of abnormal lighting fixtures are as follows:

[0142] Acquire the status data of the subway lighting equipment, and read the current brightness level, electrical status, working response flag and number information of each lighting unit through the protocol port to form a set of current status data of the lighting equipment;

[0143] Based on the current status data set of lighting equipment, each item is compared according to the matching rules between the lighting unit number and the standardized lighting control instructions. It is determined whether the current status of each lighting unit meets the brightness level and control response logic required by the standardized lighting control instructions. Lighting unit numbers with inconsistent status are filtered out, and the inconsistency type is marked as brightness abnormal. After being summarized, they are stored in a unified list of abnormal lamps.

[0144] Specifically, the system proactively initiates a data collection process for the status of all installed and networked lighting equipment within the current subway platform area. This process utilizes a pre-defined communication protocol port, such as the Ethernet port of a gateway device connected to the DALI bus (e.g., using ModbusTCP or BACnet / IP to encapsulate DALI query commands), or directly through a PLC polling interface connected via a serial port. For each lighting unit registered in the "Platform Area Lighting Unit Deployment List" (this list contains the unique number, logical address such as the DALI short address, physical location, etc. of each luminaire, generated during system debugging), the system sends specific query commands. These commands obtain the operating status of the lighting unit based on the communication protocol it follows (e.g., DALI standard IEC62386). The specific information read includes: "Current brightness level," for example, obtaining a value in the range of 0-254 through the DALI "QUERYACTUALLEVEL" command, or 255 indicating that the luminaire is not supported or is faulty; "Electrical status," for example, through... DALI's "QUERYLAMPFAILURE" command checks for faults in the luminaire itself, "QUERYCONTROLGEARFAILURE" checks for driver faults, and "QUERYLAMPPOWERON" confirms whether the luminaire is powered on. These queries return corresponding status codes or Boolean values. The "Operating Response Flag" is indirectly obtained by determining whether the device correctly responds to the query command according to the protocol. If no valid response is received within a preset timeout period (e.g., 22 positive pulses plus 100ms on the DALI bus), the response is considered abnormal. The system also provides the lighting unit's "number information," i.e., its logical address on the bus, such as DALI short addresses 0 to 63. The system integrates a set of status data collected for each queried lighting unit (including its logical number, reported brightness level value, electrical status code sequence, success / failure flags, and data acquisition timestamp) into a single record. All these records are then aggregated to form a structured set of current status data for the lighting equipment.

[0145] Based on the current status data set of the lighting equipment established in the previous paragraph, which includes the measured operating parameters of each lighting unit on the platform and the standardized lighting control instructions generated in the previous steps, the system then performs item-by-item comparison and status judgment. First, the system iterates through each record in the current status data set of the lighting equipment, and through the lighting unit number (e.g., the DALI short address), it searches for the latest issued instruction corresponding to that number in the standardized lighting control instructions, including the brightness level L required by the instruction. cmdThe system retrieves the expected control response logic (e.g., the luminaire should be on / off, or a specific dimming level), and then compares the current state with the command requirement: Regarding brightness level, if the command requires the luminaire to be off (e.g., L...). cmd If the value is 0, then check the current reported brightness level L. actual Is it also 0, or below a very low "effective off threshold" (e.g., DALI level 2, this threshold is determined by a combination of the luminaire's minimum physically controllable brightness and visual perceptibility, ensuring that anything below this value is considered effectively off); if the instruction requires a specific brightness level L cmd If >0, then determine |L actual -L cmd Whether it exceeds a preset "brightness deviation tolerance range", which is, for example, set to the greater of ±10% of the commanded brightness and a fixed minimum deviation value (e.g., DALI level 5) (i.e., max(L)). cmd ×0.1,5)), This tolerance range setting comprehensively considers the DALI control accuracy, the nonlinearity of the lamp dimming curve, and the minor deviations that may be caused by normal aging. In terms of control response logic, it checks whether the working response flag is "normal response" and whether there is a fault report in the electrical status. If any of the above comparison results show that the current status does not match the instruction requirements (e.g., the brightness exceeds the tolerance range, or the instruction is turned off but the lamp is still lit, or the lamp does not respond), then the number of the lighting unit is filtered out, and its non-compliance type is initially marked as "brightness abnormal" (if the main problem is the brightness value mismatch) or other corresponding fault types. All the filtered lighting unit numbers with inconsistent statuses and their non-compliance types, instruction requirement status, actual status, and other information are summarized and uniformly stored as a structured list of abnormal lamps.

[0146] The steps for obtaining the designated lighting fixture maintenance activation signal are as follows:

[0147] Based on the list of abnormal lighting fixtures, the fault type, cumulative fault duration, number of failure responses and state switching frequency of each lighting unit are retrieved, the number of each lighting fixture and its corresponding state parameters are extracted, and an abnormal state data list corresponding to each lighting fixture number is generated.

[0148] Based on the abnormal status data list corresponding to each lamp number, calculate the maintenance trigger factor for each lamp using the following formula:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, F r,j Let CFT be the maintenance trigger factor for the j-th faulty luminaire. j R represents the cumulative duration of the luminaire's malfunctions, in seconds. jThe number of failed responses for this lighting fixture, expressed in times (S). j The frequency of state switching for this light fixture is expressed in times, ln(S) j +2) Ensure positive correlation with frequency growth and no risk of division by zero, Z is a constant standardized coefficient, in seconds;

[0151] Based on the maintenance triggering factor, each lamp is individually checked to see if it exceeds the maintenance triggering threshold. All lamp numbers that meet the conditions are then selected, and a maintenance activation signal for the specified lamp is generated.

[0152] Specifically, based on the abnormal lighting fixture list generated in the previous paragraph, which lists lighting units whose current status does not match the instruction requirements and their preliminary abnormality types, the system first iterates through each lighting unit entry in this list. For each entry, the system retrieves the lighting unit number (e.g., DALI short address "5") from the system's historical status and event log database to collect more detailed fault-related parameters for the lighting fixture. The specific data items retrieved and extracted include: "Fault Type," which is directly obtained from the abnormal lighting fixture list, such as "brightness anomaly," "response timeout," and "driver failure"; "Cumulative Fault Duration," calculated by querying the start timestamps of each time the lighting fixture entered a fault state and the timestamps of recovery (or the current time, if the fault continues), and summing these durations to obtain a total number of seconds; and "Number of Failed Responses," which is calculated by statistically analyzing the number of times the lighting fixture failed to respond within a preset evaluation period (e.g., the past 30 days). The system records the number of times a luminaire failed to respond correctly to control commands or status queries, and the "state switching frequency." This is determined by statistically analyzing the specific number of times the luminaire's reported operating status (e.g., brightness level changing from X to Y, or from normal to fault) changed within the same evaluation period (e.g., the past 30 days). For example, if luminaire "DALI-05" is marked as "brightness abnormal" in the list of abnormal luminaires, the system retrieves from the logs that its current "brightness abnormality" has lasted for 7200 seconds (2 hours), the historical cumulative fault duration (all types) is 86400 seconds (24 hours), the number of failed responses in the past 30 days is 3, and the state switching (including brightness changes and fault reports) has occurred a total of 15 times. The system associates these retrieved and calculated parameters (fault type, cumulative fault duration, number of failed responses, state switching frequency) with the luminaire number to form a detailed abnormal status record. All these records are then aggregated to generate an abnormal status data list corresponding to each luminaire number.

[0153] formula: The advantage of this formula is that it integrates multiple dynamic parameters related to the severity of luminaire failures and the urgency of maintenance, by considering the cumulative failure duration (CFT). j ), number of failed responses (R) j ) and state transition frequency (S)j The combination of these three factors, in the form of a product and a logarithmic function, allows for a more comprehensive assessment of the health status and potential risks of lighting fixtures. j +1 and ln(S) j The +2) design ensures that the factor is still meaningful even when the number of responses or the switching frequency is 0, and the zero value will not cause the entire factor to fail or be calculated incorrectly. At the same time, the logarithmic function smooths out the extreme impact of the state switching frequency, making the growth of the maintenance trigger factor more reasonable. The application of the constant standardization coefficient Z enables the factor values ​​under different parameter combinations to be standardized to a comparable scale, which is convenient for setting a unified maintenance trigger threshold.

[0154] CFT j Let T be the cumulative fault duration of the j-th faulty luminaire, in seconds. The steps for obtaining this duration are as follows: The system continuously monitors the status of each lighting unit. When luminaire j is detected to enter any predefined fault state (e.g., abnormal brightness, no response, driver failure, etc.), the current timestamp is recorded as the fault start time T. start When the light fixture returns to normal or is manually confirmed as repaired, record the recovery timestamp T. end The duration of a single fault is T. end -T start The system stores the duration of all historical fault events of the light fixture since it was put into use, and sums up the durations of these individual faults to obtain the CFT. j For example, if the luminaire number "P2-A1-L003" has experienced three failures in the past, with durations of 3600 seconds, 18000 seconds, and currently continuing for 7200 seconds (e.g., 7200 seconds have passed since the start of this failure at the current checkpoint), then its CFT (Continuous Fault Tolerance) is... j =3600+18000+7200=28800 seconds.

[0155] R j Let R be the number of failed responses for the j-th faulty luminaire, expressed in times. The steps for obtaining this count are as follows: After sending a control command (such as dimming or switching) or a status query command to lighting unit j, the system expects to receive a valid response signal within a preset timeout period (e.g., the general upper limit of the response time specified by the DALI protocol is approximately 100 milliseconds). If no response is received within the timeout period, or if the received response is in the wrong format or does not meet expectations, it is counted as a failed response. The system maintains a failed response counter R for each luminaire within a specific evaluation cycle (e.g., since the last maintenance reset or within the past 30-day rolling cycle). j Each time a failed response occurs, the counter increments by 1. For example, if the lighting fixture "P2-A1-L003" has failed to receive a valid response to 5 control commands in the past 30 days, then its R... j =5 times.

[0156] S j The state switching frequency of the j-th faulty luminaire is expressed in times. The acquisition steps are as follows: The system records the number of times the critical operating status of lighting unit j changes within a specific evaluation period (e.g., a rolling 7-day period). These statuses include, but are not limited to: non-instructed changes in reported brightness level, changes in operating mode (e.g., normal mode, emergency mode), and transitions in electrical status (e.g., bulb failure, driver failure flag) from 0 to 1 or from 1 to 0. Each such valid state change is counted as one state switch. For example, if luminaire "P2-A1-L003" reported 3 non-instructed fluctuations in its reported brightness level within the past 7 days and recovered after reporting one transient driver failure, then its S... j =3 + 1 = 4 times.

[0157] Z is a constant normalization factor, measured in seconds. Its acquisition steps are as follows: The setting of Z aims to maintain the trigger factor F. r,j The calculation results are adjusted to a numerical range that is easy to understand and apply (e.g., 0-1000) and aligned with the maintenance trigger threshold setting. This value is obtained through statistical analysis and calibration of historical data. The specific steps are as follows: 1. Collect a large number of completed and processed lighting maintenance cases, and record the original value N of the numerator calculated before triggering maintenance for each case. j =CFT j ·(R j +1)·ln(S j +2), 2. Set a desired maintenance trigger factor target mean or median F. target (For example, set to 100), this target value represents a typical factor level that should trigger maintenance. 3. Calculate Z = Average(N) j ) / F target Or Z = Median(N) j ) / F target As an initial value, for example, if N in historical cases j The average value is 6×10 7 s, expect F target If the value is 150, then Z = (6 × 10 7 s) / 150=400,000s, 4. In practical applications, according to F r,j Based on the distribution and maintenance feedback, the Z value is fine-tuned to optimize the accuracy and sensitivity of maintenance early warning.

[0158] Calculation process:

[0159] Let the state parameters of the j-th lamp “P2-A1-L003” be as follows:

[0160] Cumulative Fault Duration (CFT) j = 28800 seconds.

[0161] Number of failed responses R j =5 times.

[0162] State switching frequency S j = 4 times.

[0163] The constant standardization factor Z = 400,000 seconds.

[0164] Calculate (R) j +1):

[0165] R j +1 = 5 + 1 = 6;

[0166] Calculate ln(S) j +2):

[0167] ln(S j +2)=ln(4+2)=ln(6)≈1.79176;

[0168] Computational molecular CFT j ·(R j +1)·ln(S j +2):

[0169] Numerator=28800s·6·1.79176≈172800s·1.79176≈309583.488s;

[0170] Calculate the maintenance trigger factor F r,j :

[0171]

[0172] The result indicates that the maintenance trigger factor F of the luminaire “P2-A1-L003” is... r,j The calculated value is 0.77396. This is a quantitative indicator that comprehensively evaluates the current fault history, response stability, and state fluctuations of the luminaire. This value itself is a relative number (in this example, through the setting of Z, its value is usually not very large), and its magnitude directly reflects the urgency or potential risk level of the luminaire requiring maintenance. If this calculated F... r,j If the value exceeds the preset maintenance trigger threshold, it indicates that the health condition of the lamp has reached a level that requires manual inspection or preventive maintenance. The higher the value, the higher the maintenance priority is usually.

[0173] Based on the maintenance trigger factor F calculated for each abnormal lamp in the previous paragraph r,jFor example, the F in the lamp "P2-A1-L003" r,j The value is 0.77396. The system will then compare this factor with a preset "maintenance trigger threshold" F. Thresh In comparison, the "maintenance trigger threshold" is set by the maintenance management department during system configuration based on historical maintenance data, mean time between failures (MTBF) of luminaires, maintenance resource constraints, and desired equipment reliability goals. The setting process typically includes analyzing the MTBF of luminaires that historically experienced serious failures or required emergency repairs before the failure. r,j Numerical distribution: Select a boundary that can effectively distinguish potentially high-risk lighting fixtures. For example, by statistically analyzing historical data, it can be found that when F... r,j Values ​​(e.g., Z) that make F r,j Generally, within the range of 0-10, a value greater than 3.5 significantly increases the probability of a complete luminaire failure within the next month. If this threshold can cover 85% of such events with an acceptable false alarm rate, then F... Thresh Set to 3.5, the system executes this judgment logic for each lamp in the "Abnormal Status Data List Corresponding to Each Lamp Number": it calculates the F... r,j With F Thresh (For example, 3.5) compare, if F r,j >F Thresh (For example, if a certain lamp F) r,j If 4.2 > 3.5, then the condition is met. The luminaire is then deemed to meet the maintenance trigger condition. The system records the luminaire's unique number (e.g., "P2-A1-L003"). After this judgment is performed on all luminaires, all luminaire numbers that meet the condition are summarized in a list. Based on this list, the system generates a maintenance activation signal for the specified luminaire. This signal may be a work order creation request sent to the Maintenance Management System (CMMS), or it may highlight these luminaires as an alarm on the monitoring interface, along with their F... r,j The values ​​and related fault parameters are provided for maintenance personnel to refer to and schedule.

[0174] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart lighting energy-saving control method for subways, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the preloaded train route and real-time train arrival detection signals, the train approach status in the platform area is determined. Combined with passenger flow, the start time and duration of the platform area lighting activation are set to generate the platform activation time window. Based on the platform activation time window, the ambient light illuminance sensor value of the platform area is read, the current ambient light reference value is established, and based on the current ambient light reference value, the target brightness level percentage is determined by comparing it with the number of people, and the target lighting brightness parameter is obtained. Based on the target lighting brightness parameters, a lighting unit control protocol code is selected, a preliminary control code sequence is established, and based on the preliminary control code sequence, a complete dimming instruction for the lighting unit is formed, generating a standardized lighting control instruction. Acquire the status data of the subway lighting equipment, identify the lighting unit number that does not match the status of the standardized lighting control command, establish a list of abnormal lighting fixtures, match the faulty lighting fixture number in the list with the preset maintenance trigger conditions, and generate a designated lighting fixture maintenance activation signal. The steps for obtaining the target illumination brightness parameter are as follows: Based on the current ambient light reference value, retrieve the statistical data of all turnstiles in the platform area at the current time point, accumulate all entry and exit records according to the lighting control time segment, count the total number of people on site in each segment, and divide the total number of people in each segment by the effective usable area of ​​the platform area to obtain the sequence of the number of people on site per unit area corresponding to each time period. Based on the sequence of the number of people present per unit area and the current ambient light reference value, each pair of data items is normalized according to the time period index order, and the target brightness level percentage is calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, The target brightness level is a percentage. For the first The ratio of the number of people present per unit area to the reference population density over a given time period. For the first The ratio of the ambient light reference value to the reference light intensity over a given time period. This represents the total number of sampling time periods. This represents the maximum brightness level supported by the lighting system, and its value is a dimensionless integer. Based on the target brightness level percentage, the difference in brightness components is calculated with the current ambient light reference value. The required supplementary lighting output is then determined through linear compensation to form the target lighting brightness parameters.

2. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the platform activation time window are as follows: Based on the train route, retrieve the track number and train direction of the target platform, extract the train arrival timestamp within the current scheduling cycle from the real-time train arrival detection signal, find the corresponding departure timestamp of the train from the scheduling plan, calculate the difference between arrival and departure, and obtain the planned dwell time of the train in the platform section. Based on the planned dwell time of the train in the platform area, the personnel flow rate per unit area and the personnel flow velocity of the corresponding passage are collected in the time period starting from the train's arrival time stamp and ending from the planned departure time stamp. The flow rate value is normalized with the standard reference density, and the flow velocity value is normalized with the reference flow velocity value. The lighting duration is then calculated. The train arrival detection time is set as the lighting activation start time, and the lighting activation end time is set according to the lighting duration to generate a platform activation time window.

3. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the current ambient light reference value are as follows: Based on the platform activation time window, the start and end time boundaries of the corresponding activation period in the current platform area are located, the original illuminance value sequence within the activation period is extracted, and a set of original ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area is generated. Based on the set of raw ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area, the raw illuminance value sequences are classified and aggregated according to sensor number, and the consistency of the sampling period is checked for each type of raw illuminance value sequence. Data segments with interrupted sampling, lag, or drift are removed to obtain the set of effective ambient illuminance values ​​for the platform area. Based on the set of effective values ​​of ambient illuminance in the platform area, the sensors are prioritized according to their spatial arrangement and stability, and illuminance values ​​representing the overall brightness level of the platform are extracted to generate current ambient illuminance reference values.

4. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the initial control code sequence are as follows: Based on the target lighting brightness parameter, the lighting unit control protocol mapping table of the lighting system is matched, and the lighting unit control protocol number corresponding to the level to which the current lighting brightness parameter belongs is retrieved according to the level range. The encoding structure of the number is then parsed to obtain the lighting unit control protocol code. Based on the lighting unit control protocol code, the lighting unit address structure, instruction field format and function bit identification method defined in the control protocol code are extracted. According to the physical deployment order and response priority order of the lighting units in the platform area, the same protocol codes are sorted according to the address structure to generate a structured lighting unit instruction set. Based on the structured lighting unit instruction set, the protocol codes and corresponding control fields of all lighting units are merged and encoded according to the operation sequence to generate a preliminary control code sequence.

5. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the standardized lighting control commands are as follows: Based on the preliminary control code sequence, the lighting unit control protocol field and operation instruction field in each control frame are parsed, and the dimming level, execution delay and switch status code content are extracted in sequence according to the physical location number of the lighting unit to generate a set of dimming control fields for the lighting unit. Based on the set of dimming control fields for the lighting unit, each control field is concatenated with the corresponding lighting unit address instruction to unify the dimming level encoding format, and supplement the protocol header identifier, synchronization bit and check bit to form a dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure. Based on the dimming instruction sequence with a complete dimming logic structure, the instruction encapsulation format is converted, and all dimming instructions of the lighting units are integrated into the same control data frame structure to generate standardized lighting control instructions.

6. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the list of abnormal lighting fixtures are as follows: Acquire the status data of the subway lighting equipment, and read the current brightness level, electrical status, working response flag and number information of each lighting unit through the protocol port to form a set of current status data of the lighting equipment; Based on the current status data set of the lighting equipment, each item is compared according to the matching rules between the lighting unit number and the standardized lighting control command. It is determined whether the current status of each lighting unit meets the brightness level and control response logic required by the standardized lighting control command. Lighting unit numbers with inconsistent status are filtered out, and the inconsistency type is marked as brightness abnormal. After being summarized, they are stored in a unified list of abnormal lamps.

7. The subway smart lighting energy-saving control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the specified lighting fixture maintenance activation signal are as follows: Based on the list of abnormal lighting fixtures, the fault type, cumulative fault duration, number of failure responses and frequency of state switching for each lighting unit are retrieved, the number of each lighting fixture and its corresponding state parameters are extracted, and an abnormal state data list corresponding to each lighting fixture number is generated. Based on the abnormal status data list corresponding to each lamp number, calculate the maintenance trigger factor for each lamp; Based on the maintenance triggering factor, each lamp is individually checked to see if it exceeds the maintenance triggering threshold. All lamp numbers that meet the conditions are then selected, and a maintenance activation signal for the specified lamp is generated.

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