Systems and methods for event-triggered operations in beam-based communications

Abstract

Aspects of the present disclosure provide methods, apparatuses, and devices for event-triggered operations in beam-based communications to reduce energy consumption and transmission overhead for beam-based communications. For example, an apparatus may send event trigger information to a device indicating one or more conditions that, when satisfied, trigger the device to perform a particular action, such as beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting. The event trigger information may be configured by the apparatus and is specific to the device. The device may obtain sensing information related to the event trigger information and / or beam measurement information related to the event trigger information. The device may determine whether the one or more conditions are satisfied based on the event trigger information and / or the sensing information. When the one or more conditions are satisfied, the device may perform the action.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to wireless communication, and more particularly to methods, apparatuses, and devices for event-triggered operations in beam-based communication. Background Art

[0002] Existing wireless networks, especially those operating at low frequencies such as third generation (3G) and fourth generation (4G) long-term evolution (LTE), rely heavily on reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements at the devices and / or equipment (e.g., user equipment (UE)) for various operations of the devices and / or equipment. Such operations include, but are not limited to, cell association between a mobile UE and a serving base station, determination of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and / or handover (HO) from the current cell to another cell.

[0003] Networks operating at higher frequencies using beam-based communication inherit the previous generation networks and rely on beam measurements. For example, in fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR), the UE sends beam measurement reports associated with the serving beam and other beams that can be used for beam switching, beam failure recovery (BFR), or HO to one or more base stations.

[0004] Since communication parameters can be configured at least partially based on beam measurement values, beam measurements are very important for data transmission and decoding as well as beam and cell association. Traditionally, the UE periodically reports beam measurement values to one or more associated base stations, e.g., measured beam RSRP, signal to noise ratio (SNR), signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or signal power, or a combination thereof.

[0005] Different beam management methods rely on the measured beam RSRP to determine, for example, the method for beam measurement. In this regard, the overhead generated by beam RSRP measurement and reporting should be carefully considered. However, too few measurements and reports may lead to errors, while too many measurements and reports may result in a huge network overhead, thus potentially reducing the available resources for communication between the UE and the base station.

[0006] In 5G NR, many UEs rely on multiple beams for communication. Therefore, one or more beam measurements are required for each beam RSRP report. Since there may be multiple beams to measure and report, the overall transmission overhead can be quite large. The transmission overhead may become even larger when there are high-mobility UEs and high-dimensional multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transmissions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] As described above, beam measurement and reporting in beam-based communication (e.g., RSRP reporting performed by the UE) may result in a large overhead, leading to low efficiency in terms of time and resources. Frequent beam measurement and reporting by the UE may also incur a large energy consumption.

[0008] Attempts have been made to reduce a large amount of transmission overhead through the correlation between beam measurement and time, frequency, space, and the UE. An example is the UE grouping and coordination for beam RSRP reporting. However, this method treats a group of UEs as an entity and cannot effectively reduce the transmission overhead caused by frequent beam measurement and reporting. Other existing attempts to reduce overhead also fail to address the large transmission overhead caused by frequent beam measurement and reporting.

[0009] Therefore, a new method is needed that can configure specific event trigger information for the UE, where the event trigger information defines when and / or how the UE can perform a specified action, such as beam RSRP measurement and reporting.

[0010] Aspects of the present invention provide methods, apparatuses, and devices for overcoming the above disadvantages and limitations, as well as specific methods, apparatuses, and devices for event-triggered operations in beam-based communication. The specific method for event-triggered operations in beam-based communication can enable the triggered device and / or equipment to perform actions when one or more conditions for triggering a specific event are met. A device (e.g., a base station) can configure or determine event-trigger information indicating one or more conditions for one or more specific devices (e.g., UEs), such that the event-trigger information can be customized or targeted for a specific device. The device-specific event-trigger information can be configured or determined based on the sensing information of the device. Due to the device-specific nature of the event-trigger information, different devices can be triggered to perform actions according to different conditions or events. For example, assuming that each device can communicate with a serving base station, one device can perform beam measurement when a specific condition is met, while another device can perform beam measurement when another condition is met. The actions performed by the device can include, but are not limited to, beam measurement, beam measurement reporting, and other actions related to beam measurement and reporting. Since the device can perform one or more actions only when one or more device-specific conditions are met, the energy consumption and transmission overhead of beam-based communication can be reduced.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for event-triggered operations in beam-based communication, the method comprising: a device receiving event-trigger information indicating one or more conditions from a device, the one or more conditions triggering the device to perform an action when met. The method may further comprise: the device obtaining sensing information related to the event-trigger information or sensing information related to the event-trigger information and beam measurement information related to the event-trigger information. The method may further comprise: the device determining whether the one or more conditions are met based on the event-trigger information and the sensing information or the sensing information and the beam measurement information. When the one or more conditions are met, the method may further comprise: the device performing the action.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the device obtaining the sensing information related to the event-trigger information or the sensing information related to the event-trigger information and the beam measurement information related to the event-trigger information comprises:

[0013] the device obtaining sensing information related to the event-trigger information; or

[0014] obtaining sensing information related to the event-trigger information and beam measurement information related to the event-trigger information.

[0015] In some embodiments, the event-trigger information may be specific to the device.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method may further include: the apparatus sending information to the device, the information indicating the apparatus's ability to obtain at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

[0017] In some embodiments, the method may further include: the apparatus sending an indication to the device that the apparatus is going to perform the action. The method may further include: the apparatus receiving at least one of a response message or configuration information related to performing the action from the device.

[0018] In some embodiments, the event trigger information may include information indicating at least one of the following: a condition associated with the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the measurement of a beam, a condition based on the sensing information, or a condition based on a change in the sensing information. In some embodiments, the condition associated with the RSRP of the measurement of the beam may include: the measured RSRP of the serving beam being smaller than the measured RSRP of another beam by a predetermined value. In some embodiments, the condition based on the sensing information or the condition based on the change in the sensing information may include at least one of the following: displacement of a reflector, movement of the apparatus in a specific direction or outside a specific angular range, or the rate of the apparatus being faster than a threshold rate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the action may include at least one of the following: performing a beam RSRP measurement, sending a beam measurement report, performing a beam handover, or adding a beam to a beam set to be used in a beam failure recovery procedure. In some embodiments, the performing a beam RSRP measurement may include: measuring one or more beams transmitted by the device or another device. In some embodiments, the beam measurement report may be sent to the device via a media access control–control element (MAC-CE) carried by a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or uplink control information (UCI) carried by a PUSCH or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

[0020] In some embodiments, the apparatus may determine whether the one or more conditions are satisfied according to one or more preconfigured thresholds for comparison with at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sensed information may include at least one of the following: the location of the device, the rate of the device, the speed of the device, the acceleration of the device, the rotation of the device, the orientation of the device, information obtained from a proximity sensor of the device, information obtained from a gyroscope sensor of the device, information related to reflector detection, or information related to blocker detection.

[0022] In some embodiments, the beam measurement information may be information related to a measured beam, including at least one of the following: the RSRP of the measured beam, the reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of the measured beam, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured beam, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of the measured beam, the interference power of the measured beam, or the power of the measured beam.

[0023] In some embodiments, the device may periodically obtain at least one of the sensed information or the beam measurement information.

[0024] In some embodiments, the device may be a user equipment (UE). However, it should be noted that the device may be other types of devices, such as but not limited to an access point (AP) and a transmit receive point (TRP).

[0025] According to one aspect of the present invention, a device for event-triggered operation in beam-based communication is provided, including a processor and a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform a method consistent with the above embodiments. Examples of different types of devices include but are not limited to a user equipment (UE), a base station (BS), an access point (AP), and a transmit receive point (TRP).

[0026] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for event-triggered operation in beam-based communication, the method comprising: a device sending event trigger information indicating one or more conditions to a device, the one or more conditions triggering the device to perform an action when satisfied, wherein the action is performed by the device when the one or more conditions are satisfied according to the event trigger information and sensing information related to the event trigger information or sensing information related to the event trigger information and beam measurement information related to the event trigger information.

[0027] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: the device determining the event trigger information.

[0028] In some embodiments, the event trigger information may be specific to the device.

[0029] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: the device receiving information from the device, the information indicating the device's ability to obtain at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

[0030] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: the device receiving an indication from the device that the device is going to perform the action. The method may further comprise: the device sending at least one of a response message or configuration information related to performing the action to the device.

[0031] In some embodiments, the event trigger information may include information indicating at least one of the following: a condition associated with the reference signal received power (RSRP) of a measurement of a beam, a condition based on the sensing information, or a condition based on a change in the sensing information. In some embodiments, the condition associated with the RSRP of the measurement of the beam may include: the measured RSRP of the serving beam is smaller than the measured RSRP of another beam by a predetermined value. In some embodiments, the condition based on the sensing information or the condition based on the change in the sensing information may include at least one of the following: displacement of a reflector, movement of the device in a specific direction or outside a specific angular range, or a rate of the device faster than a threshold rate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the method may further comprise: the device sending one or more beams to be measured by the device to the device.

[0033] In some embodiments, the sensed information includes at least one of the following: the position of the device, the rate of the device, the speed of the device, the acceleration of the device, the rotation of the device, the orientation of the device, information obtained from a proximity sensor of the device, information obtained from a gyroscope sensor of the device, information related to reflector detection, or information related to blocker detection.

[0034] In some embodiments, the beam measurement information may be information related to a measured beam, including at least one of the following: the RSRP of the measured beam, the reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of the measured beam, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured beam, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of the measured beam, the interference power of the measured beam, or the power of the measured beam.

[0035] In some embodiments, the device may be a base station. However, it should be noted that the device may be other types of devices, such as, but not limited to, an access point (AP), a transmit receive point (TRP), and a user equipment (UE).

[0036] According to one aspect of the present invention, a device for event-triggered operation in beam-based communication is provided, including a processor and a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium stores computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform a method consistent with the above embodiments. Examples of different types of network devices include, but are not limited to, a base station (BS), an access point (AP), a transmit receive point (TRP), and a user equipment (UE).

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, a device (e.g., a base station) may configure or determine event trigger information indicating one or more conditions that, when satisfied, trigger a device (e.g., a UE) to perform a specific action (e.g., beam measurement, beam measurement reporting, other actions related to the beam measurement process). The event trigger information and / or the one or more conditions may be configured or determined for the specific device (i.e., the event trigger information and / or the one or more conditions may be device-specific). This can reduce the frequency of beam measurement and reporting, and thus further reduce the energy consumption and transmission overhead associated with beam measurement or beam measurement feedback.

[0038] In some embodiments, devices (e.g., UEs) operating in a low-power mode can effectively save power because these devices can provide beam measurements and feedback at a lower frequency, which rely on information (e.g., the relevant locations of other devices) obtained from other devices that provide relevant RSRP feedback.

[0039] In some embodiments, a framework for RSRP feedback adaptation may be provided instead of simply attempting to utilize the correlation between beam measurement and one or more aspects of the device.

[0040] In some embodiments, it may be beneficial to use sensing information to determine whether one or more conditions are satisfied to trigger a device to perform a specific action, especially in specific situations. For example, using sensing information may help to construct the wireless environment (e.g., related to network fingerprinting).

[0041] In some embodiments, using sensing information to determine whether one or more conditions are satisfied to trigger a device to perform a specific action may be useful in terms of rotation-based events. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] To more fully understand the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages, the following description is given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0043] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.

[0044] Figure 2 is another schematic diagram of a communication system in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.

[0045] Figure 3 shows a block diagram of units or modules in a device in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented.

[0046] Figure 4A block diagram of units or modules in a device in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented is shown.

[0047] Figure 5A Examples of several types of inputs provided by embodiments of the present application are shown. This input can be used to determine whether a condition is met and to perform an action when the condition is met.

[0048] Figure 5B It is a block diagram of a set of exemplary conditions for a triggering device provided by an embodiment of the present invention to perform a specific action.

[0049] Figure 6 Examples of one or more conditions provided by embodiments of the present invention triggering a UE on a highway to perform one or more actions are shown.

[0050] Figure 7 Examples of one or more conditions provided by embodiments of the present invention triggering multiple UEs co-located in a common area (e.g., a park) to perform one or more actions are shown.

[0051] Figure 8A An example of a signal flow diagram between a device (e.g., a UE) and a device (e.g., a base station) provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. This example can reduce the overhead caused by beam measurement and reporting.

[0052] Figure 8B Another example of a signal flow diagram between a device (e.g., a UE) and a device (e.g., a base station) provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown. This example can reduce the overhead caused by beam measurement and reporting.

[0053] Figure 9 It is a signal flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention, showing an exemplary process of event-triggered operation in beam-based communication. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0054] For illustrative purposes, specific exemplary embodiments are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0055] The embodiments described herein represent that the information is sufficient to practice the claimed subject matter and illustrate the method of practicing such subject matter. After reading the following description with reference to the drawings, those skilled in the art will understand the concepts of the claimed subject matter and will recognize that the applications of these concepts are not specifically mentioned herein. It should be understood that these concepts and applications are within the scope of the present invention and the appended claims.

[0056] In addition, it should be understood that any module, component, or device for executing instructions disclosed herein may include or otherwise access one or more non-transitory computer / processor-readable storage media for storing information such as computer / processor-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, and / or other data. A non-exhaustive list of examples of non-transitory computer / processor-readable storage media includes magnetic tape cartridges, tapes, magnetic disk memories or other magnetic storage devices, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital video disc or digital versatile disc (i.e., DVD), Blu-ray disc TM and other optical discs, or other optical storage, volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other storage technologies. Any of these non-transitory computer / processor storage media may be part of a device or accessible or connected by a device. The computer / processor-readable / executable instructions for implementing the applications or modules described herein may be stored or otherwise held by such non-transitory computer / processor-readable storage media.

[0057] Aspects of the present invention describe the use of new configurable events that can trigger specified actions (e.g., beam measurement and beam measurement reporting) based on at least one of beam measurement information or sensing information of a device (e.g., a user equipment (UE)). An example of beam measurement information is the measured beam reference signal received power (RSRP). Examples of sensing information include one or more of the position, speed, and orientation of the UE. A device (e.g., a base station) can determine or configure event trigger information that indicates one or more conditions that, when satisfied, can trigger a device to perform a specific action. For example, the base station can configure one or more conditions that define how or when the UE can efficiently report the RSRP of one or more beams. Whether one or more conditions are satisfied can be determined based on at least one of beam measurement information or sensing information. The methods, apparatuses, and devices provided by the present invention can reduce the overhead that beam measurement and reporting may bring, especially for high-mobility devices (e.g., high-mobility UEs). Some conditions indicated in the event trigger information can trigger both beam measurement and beam measurement reporting simultaneously. Some conditions indicated in the event trigger information can trigger only one of beam measurement and beam measurement reporting. Some conditions indicated in the event trigger information can trigger specific actions other than beam measurement or beam measurement reporting in the beam management process, such as beam switching.

[0058] In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a base station) can determine or configure device-specific event trigger information and / or one or more device-specific conditions indicated in the event trigger information. The device can consider the situation of the device and determine the event trigger information and / or one or more conditions. The situation of the device can include factors such as, but not limited to, the position of the device, the speed of the device, other devices served by the same or adjacent beams, or a combination thereof. The device can configure one or more events for the device, and each event can include one or more conditions for triggering the device to perform a specific action. Whether one or more conditions are satisfied can be determined based on the information obtained by the device. In some embodiments, the device can determine whether one or more conditions are satisfied based on the event trigger information received from the device and at least one of the sensing information or beam measurement information obtained by the device. In some embodiments, the device can be triggered to perform a specific action (e.g., when a condition is satisfied) and / or the device can perform a specific action periodically. In some embodiments, when one or more conditions are satisfied, the device can be triggered to perform one or more other actions, such as beam measurement, beam measurement reporting, other actions related to the beam management process, or any combination thereof.

[0059] In some embodiments, one or more event-triggered operations (e.g., event-triggered beam measurements and reporting) may be beneficial as they can reduce the overhead associated with beam measurements and reporting. The overhead can be reduced by determining or configuring event-triggered information specific to the device (e.g., for a particular situation of the device) and / or one or more conditions. For example, since beam measurements and reporting may only be triggered when one or more conditions specifically configured for the UE are met, the frequency of sending periodic beams from the base station to the UE for the purpose of beam measurements and reporting may be reduced. Such event-triggered operations can be useful, especially for devices (e.g., UEs) operating in a low-power mode or having critical power constraints. With reduced overhead, more available communication resources may be used for other purposes, thus potentially leading to a better experience.

[0060] The following Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 provide the context of a network and a device that can be in the network and can implement aspects of the present invention.

[0061] Referring Figure 1 , by way of illustrative example and without limitation, a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system is provided. Communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 can be a next-generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G) or later) radio access network or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 110a to 120j (generally referred to as 110) can be interconnected with each other or connected to one or more network nodes (170a, 170b, generally referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. A core network 130 can be part of the communication system and can be dependent on or independent of the radio access technology used in communication system 100. Additionally, communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0062] Figure 2 Illustrative communication system 100 in which embodiments of the present invention can be implemented is shown. Generally, system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to send data and other content. The purpose of system 100 can be to provide content (voice, data, video, text) through broadcast, narrowcast, user equipment to user equipment, etc. System 100 can work efficiently by sharing resources such as bandwidth.

[0063] In this example, communication system 100 includes electronic devices (EDs) 110a to 110c, radio access networks (RANs) 120a and 120b, core network 130, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, Internet 150, and other networks 160. Although Figure 2 a certain number of these components or elements are shown, any suitable number of these components or elements may be included in communication system 100.

[0064] EDs 110a to 110c are used to operate and / or communicate in system 100. For example, EDs 110a to 110c are used to transmit and / or receive via wireless communication channels. Each of EDs 110a to 110c represents any suitable end-user device that operates wirelessly and may include the following devices (or may be referred to as): user equipment (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smart phone, laptop computer, computer, touchpad, wireless sensor, or consumer electronic device.

[0065] Figure 2 Exemplary communication system 100 in which embodiments of the present invention may be implemented is shown. Generally, communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired elements to transmit data and other content. The purpose of communication system 100 may be to provide content (voice, data, video, text) via broadcast, multicast, unicast, user equipment to user equipment, etc. Communication system 100 may operate by sharing resources such as bandwidth.

[0066] In this example, communication system 100 includes electronic devices (EDs) 110a to 110d, radio access networks (RANs) 120a to 120c, core network 130, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, Internet 150, and other networks 160. Although Figure 2A certain number of these components or elements are shown, but any suitable number of these components or elements may be included in the communication system 100.

[0067] EDs 110a to 110d are used for operation and / or communication in the communication system 100. For example, EDs 110a to 110d are used for transmitting and / or receiving via a wireless or wired communication channel. Each of EDs 110a to 110d represents any suitable end-user device operating wirelessly and may include the following devices (or may be referred to as): user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine-type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smartphone, laptop computer, computer, tablet, wireless sensor, or consumer electronic device.

[0068] In Figure 2 RANs 120a and 120b respectively include base stations 170a and 170b. Each of base stations 170a and 170b is used for wirelessly connecting to one or more of EDs 110a to 110c so as to be able to access any other base stations 170a and 170b, core network 130, PSTN 140, Internet 150, and / or other networks 160. For example, base stations 170a and 170b may include (or may be) one or more of several known devices, such as base transceiver station (BTS), Node B, evolved Node B (eNodeB), home eNodeB, gNodeB, transmission and receive point (TRP), site controller, access point (AP), or wireless router.

[0069] In some examples, one or more of base stations 170a and 170b can be ground base stations attached to the ground. For example, a ground base station can be installed on a building or a tower. One or more of base stations 172 can also be non-ground base stations or non-terrestrial TRPs (NT-TRPs) that are not attached to the ground. A flying base station is an example of a non-ground base station. A flying base station can be implemented using a communication device supported or carried by a flying device. Non-limiting examples of flying devices include airborne platforms (such as airships or dirigibles), balloons, quadcopters, and other flying vehicles. In some implementations, a flying base station can be supported or carried by an unmanned aerial system (UAS) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (such as a drone or a quadcopter). A flying base station can be a mobile base station or a movable base station and can be flexibly deployed at different locations to meet network requirements. A satellite base station is another example of a non-ground base station. A satellite base station can be implemented using a communication device supported or carried by a satellite. A satellite base station can also be referred to as an orbital base station.

[0070] Alternatively or additionally, any of EDs 110a to 110d can be used to connect to, access, or communicate with any other base stations 170a and 170b, the Internet 150, the core network 130, the PSTN 140, other networks 160, or any combination of the foregoing.

[0071] EDs 110a to 110d and base stations 170a and 170b, 172 are examples of communication devices that can be used to implement some or all of the operations and / or embodiments described herein. In Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, base station 170a is part of RAN 120a, which may include other base stations, one or more base station controllers (BSCs), one or more radio network controllers (RNCs), relay nodes, elements, and / or devices. Any of base stations 170a and 170b may be a separate element as shown, or may be multiple elements distributed in the corresponding RAN, etc. Similarly, base station 170b is part of RAN 120b, which may include other base stations, elements, and / or devices. Each of base stations 170a and 170b transmits and / or receives wireless signals within a specific geographical area or region (sometimes referred to as a “cell” or “coverage area”). A cell may be further divided into cell sectors, and base stations 170a and 170b may, for example, use multiple transceivers to serve multiple sectors. In some embodiments, there may be established pico cells or femto cells supported by a wireless access technology. In some embodiments, for example, multiple transceivers may be used for each cell through multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The number of RANs 120a and 120b shown is merely exemplary. Any number of RANs may be considered when designing communication system 100.

[0072] Base stations 170a, 170b, and 172 communicate with one or more of EDs 110a to 110c via one or more air interfaces 190a, 190c using wireless communication links such as radio frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR), etc. The air interfaces 190a, 190c may use any suitable wireless access technology. For example, communication system 100 may implement one or more orthogonal or non-orthogonal channel access methods in air interfaces 190a, 190c, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA).

[0073] Base stations 170a and 170b, 172 can implement Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) to establish radio interfaces 190a, 190c using Wideband CDMA (WCDMA). In this case, base stations 170a and 170b, 172 can implement protocols such as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), Evolved HSPA (HSPA+), etc. Among them, HSPA+ optionally includes High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) and / or High Speed Packet Uplink Access (HSPUA). Base stations 170a and 170b, 172 can also establish radio interfaces 190a, 190c with Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) using LTE, LTE-A, and / or LTE-B. Considering that communication system 100 can use multi-channel access operations, including the solutions described above. Other radio technologies for implementing radio interfaces include IEEE 802.11, 802.15, 802.16, CDMA2000, CDMA2000 1X, CDMA2000 EV-DO, IS-2000, IS-95, IS-856, GSM, EDGE, and GERAN. Of course, other multiple access schemes and radio protocols can also be used.

[0074] RAN 120a and RAN 120b communicate with core network 130 to provide various services to EDs 110a to 110c, such as voice, data, and other services. RAN 120a and RAN 120b and / or core network 130 can communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown). These other RANs may or may not be directly served by core network 130, and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as RAN 120a and / or RAN 120b. Core network 130 can also serve as a gateway access between (i) RAN 120a and RAN 120b and / or EDs 110a to 110c and (ii) other networks (such as PSTN 140, Internet 150, and other networks 160).

[0075] EDs 110a through 110d communicate with each other via one or more sidelink (SL) air interfaces 190b, 190d using a wireless communication link such as radio frequency (RF), microwave, infrared (IR), etc. The SL air interfaces 190b, 190d can use any suitable radio access technology and can be substantially similar to the air interfaces 190a, 190c through which EDs 110a through 110c communicate with one or more of the base stations 170a and 170b, or can be quite different from the air interfaces 190a, 190c. For example, the communication system 100 can implement one or more channel access methods in the SL air interfaces 190b, 190d, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA). In some embodiments, the SL air interface 180 can be implemented at least partially on an unlicensed spectrum.

[0076] Additionally, some or all of EDs 110a through 110d can include operations to communicate with different wireless networks via different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. The ED can communicate with a service provider or a switch (not shown) and with the Internet 150 via a wired communication channel instead of (or in addition to) performing wireless communication. The PSTN 140 can include a circuit-switched telephone network for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 150 can include a network of computers and / or subnets (intranets) and incorporates protocols such as the Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP), etc. EDs 110a through 110d can be multimode devices capable of operating according to multiple radio access technologies and include multiple transceivers required to support multiple radio access technologies.

[0077] In some embodiments, the signal is sent from the terrestrial BS to the UE, or directly from the UE to the terrestrial BS, and in both cases, the signal is not reflected by the RIS. However, the signal may be reflected by obstacles and reflectors such as buildings, walls, and furniture. In some embodiments, the signal is sent between the UE and a non-terrestrial BS (such as a satellite, a drone, and a high-altitude platform). In some embodiments, the signal is sent between a relay node and the UE, or between a relay node and the BS, or between two relay nodes. In some embodiments, the signal is transmitted between two UEs. In some embodiments, one or more RISs are used to reflect signals from a transmitter and a receiver, where any one of the transmitter and the receiver includes a UE, a terrestrial or non-terrestrial BS, and a relay node.

[0078] Figure 3 Another example of the ED 110 and a network device including base stations 170a and 170b (at 170) and an NT-TRP 172 is shown. The ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. The ED 110 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer (P2P), machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communications (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery, and mobility.

[0079] Each ED 110 represents any end-user device suitable for wireless operation and may include the following devices (or may be referred to as): user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smartphone, laptop computer, computer, tablet, wireless sensor, consumer electronic device, smart book, vehicle, car, truck, bus, train, or IoT device, industrial device, or a device (such as a communication module, modem, or chip) in the above devices, etc. The next-generation ED 110 may be referred to using other terms. Base stations 170a and 170b are T-TRPs and are hereinafter referred to as T-TRP 170. Similarly, as shown in Figure 3 , the NT-TRP is hereinafter referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to the T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 may be dynamically or semi-statically turned on (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), turned off (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled), and / or configured in response to one or more of connection availability and connection necessity.

[0080] The ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may also be panels. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated as a transceiver, for example. The transceiver is used to modulate data or other content for transmission through at least one antenna 204 or a network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver is also used to demodulate data or other content received through at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received wirelessly or wiredly. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0081] ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the ED 110. For example, the memory 208 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by one or more processing units 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable one or more volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval devices. Any suitable type of memory may be used, such as, for example, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) memory card, on-processor cache.

[0082] ED 110 may also include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (e.g., Figure 1 or Figure 2 a wired interface connected to the Internet 150). The input / output devices support interaction with users or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes any suitable structure for providing information to or receiving information from a user, such as, for example, a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen, including network interface communication.

[0083] The ED 110 also includes a processor 210 that is configured to perform various operations, including operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission to the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, operations related to processing a downlink transmission received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, and operations related to processing sidelink transmissions to and from another ED 110. The processing operations related to preparing a transmission for uplink transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing a downlink transmission may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulation, and decoding of received symbols. According to an embodiment, the downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203, possibly using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting and / or decoding the signaling). Examples of signaling may be reference signals sent by the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 210 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on an indication of a beam direction received from the T-TRP 170, such as beam angle information (BAI). In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations related to detecting a synchronization sequence, decoding, and acquiring system information. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation, e.g., using reference signals received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170.

[0084] Although not shown, the processor 210 may be part of the transmitter 201 and / or the receiver 203. Although not shown, the memory 208 may be part of the processor 210.

[0085] The processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors that are configured to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, and the processing components of the transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may also be implemented using dedicated circuitry, such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), etc.

[0086] In some implementations, the T-TRP 170 may have other names: base station, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, network node, network device, network side device, transmit / receive node, Node B, evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), home base station, Generation NodeB (gNB), transmission point (TP), site controller, access point (AP) or wireless router, relay station, remote radio head, ground node, ground network device or ground base station, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distributed unit (DU), positioning node, etc. The T-TRP 170 can be a macro BS, micro BS, relay node, host node, etc., or a combination thereof. The T-TRP 170 can refer to the aforementioned devices or the devices in the aforementioned devices (e.g., communication module, modem or chip). Although the drawings and the accompanying description of the examples and embodiments of the present invention generally use the terms "AP, BS" and "AP or BS", it should be understood that such devices can be any of the above types.

[0087] In some embodiments, the various parts of the T-TRP 170 can be distributed. For example, some modules of the T-TRP 170 can be located away from the device housing the T-TRP 170 antenna and can be coupled to the device housing the antenna through a communication link (not shown), sometimes referred to as fronthaul, such as the common public radio interface (CPRI). Thus, in some embodiments, the term "T-TRP 170" can also refer to the modules on the network side that perform processing operations such as ED 110 location determination, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation, and encoding / decoding, and these modules are not necessarily part of the device housing the T-TRP 170 antenna. These modules can also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, the T-TRP 170 can actually be multiple T-TRPs that serve the ED 110 together through coordinated multi-point transmission and the like.

[0088] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may also be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated into a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 further includes a processor 260 for performing various operations, including operations related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to the NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received from the NT-TRP 172 via the backhaul. The processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink transmission or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., multiple input multiple output (MIMO) precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing the received uplink transmission or the transmission received via the backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding the received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of a synchronization signal block (SSB), generating system information. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates an indication of a beam direction, e.g., a BAI, and the indication of the beam direction may be scheduled for transmission by a scheduler 253. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining the location of the deployed NT-TRP 172. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling, such as for configuring one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is transmitted by the transmitter 252. It should be noted that the "signaling" used herein may also be referred to as control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be transmitted in a control channel such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), and static or semi-static high-layer signaling may be included in a message transmitted in a data channel such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0089] The scheduler 253 can be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 can be included in or operate separately from the T-TRP 170. The scheduler 253 can schedule uplink, downlink, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring grant-free (“configured grant”) resources. The T-TRP 170 also includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by the processor 260.

[0090] Although not shown, the processor 260 can be part of the transmitter 252 and / or the receiver 254. Similarly, although not shown, the processor 260 can implement the scheduler 253. Although not shown, the memory 258 can be part of the processor 260.

[0091] The processing components of the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 can be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, respectively, for executing instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 258). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components in the processor 260, the scheduler 253, and the transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 can also be implemented using dedicated circuits, such as FPGA, GPU, or ASIC, etc.

[0092] Although NT-TRP 172 is shown only as an example as a drone, NT-TRP 172 can be implemented in any suitable non-ground form. In addition, NT-TRP 172 may adopt other names in some implementations, such as non-ground node, non-ground network device, or non-ground base station. NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may also be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. NT-TRP 172 further includes a processor 276 for performing various operations, including operations related to: preparing a transmission for downlink transmission to ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from ED 110, preparing a transmission for backhaul transmission to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received from T-TRP 170 via the backhaul. The processing operations related to preparing a transmission for downlink transmission or backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing the received uplink transmission or the transmission received via the backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding the received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming according to beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling for configuring one or more parameters of, for example, ED 110. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing but does not implement high layer functions such as functions of media access control (MAC) or radio link control (RLC) layers. Since this is only an example, generally speaking, NT-TRP 172 may also implement high layer functions in addition to physical layer processing.

[0093] NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. Although not shown, the processor 276 may be part of the transmitter 272 and / or the receiver 274. Although not shown, the memory 278 may be part of the processor 276.

[0094] The processor 276, and the processing components of the transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 can each be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 278). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components in the processor 276, and the transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 can also be implemented using dedicated circuits, such as a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC, etc. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 can actually be multiple NT-TRPs that serve the ED 110 together through coordinated multi-point transmission or the like.

[0095] The T-TRP 170, NT-TRP 172, and / or ED 110 may include other components, but these components have been omitted for clarity.

[0096] One or more steps of the example methods provided herein can be performed by Figure 3 the corresponding units or modules provided. Figure 3 Units or modules in devices such as the ED 110, T-TRP 170, or NT-TRP 172 are shown. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or transmitting module. A signal can be received by a receiving unit or receiving module. A signal can be processed by a processing unit or processing module. Other steps can be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding units or modules can be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more of these units or modules can be an integrated circuit, such as a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC. It should be understood that if these modules are implemented by a processor executing software (e.g.), then these modules can be retrieved in whole or in part by the processor as needed, retrieved individually or collectively for processing, retrieved in one or more instances, and these modules themselves can include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0097] Other details regarding the ED 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted here.

[0098] One or more steps of the example methods provided herein can be performed by Figure 4 the corresponding units or modules provided. Figure 4Units or modules in devices such as ED 110, T-TRP 170, or NT-TRP 172 are shown. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or module. A signal can be received by a receiving unit or module. A signal can be processed by a processing unit or module. Other steps can be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding units or modules can be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more of these units or modules can be an integrated circuit, such as a programmed FPGA, GPU, or ASIC. It should be understood that if these modules are implemented by a processor using software for execution, then these modules can be retrieved in whole or in part by the processor as needed, retrieved individually or collectively for processing, retrieved in one or more instances, and these modules themselves can include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0099] Other details regarding ED 110, T-TRP 170, and NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted here.

[0100] For future wireless networks, the number of new devices may grow exponentially and the functions will be diversified. In addition, compared with the current situation of 5G, many new applications and use cases may emerge in future wireless networks, and the demand for service quality will also be more diverse. This will bring new key performance indicators (KPIs) to future wireless networks (such as 6G networks), which is extremely challenging. Therefore, sensing technologies and AI technologies, especially deep learning (DL) technologies, are introduced into the telecommunications field to improve the performance and efficiency of the system.

[0101] Communications applying AI / ML technologies include AI / ML communications at the physical layer and AI / ML communications at the media access control (MAC) layer. For the physical layer, AI / ML communications can be used to optimize component design and improve algorithm performance. For example, AI / ML in aspects such as channel coding, channel modeling, channel estimation, channel decoding, modulation, demodulation, MIMO, waveforms, multiple access, optimization and update of PHY unit parameters, beamforming and tracking, sensing, and positioning. For the MAC layer, AI / ML communications can utilize AI / ML capabilities to learn, predict, and make decisions to solve complex optimization problems using better strategies and optimal solutions. For example, optimizing functions in the MAC, such as intelligent TRP management, intelligent beam management, intelligent channel resource allocation, intelligent power control, intelligent spectrum utilization, intelligent modulation and coding scheme (MCS), intelligent hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) strategy, intelligent transmit / receive (Tx / Rx) mode adaptation, etc.

[0102] An AI / ML architecture typically includes multiple nodes. Among them, the multiple nodes can be organized in two modes: the centralized mode and the distributed mode, and both modes can be deployed in the access network, the core network, the edge computing system, or a third-party network. The centralized training and computing architecture is limited by a large amount of communication overhead and strict user data privacy. The distributed training and computing architecture includes several frameworks, such as distributed machine learning and federated learning. The AI / ML architecture includes an intelligent controller, which can execute as a single agent or multiple agents according to joint optimization or separate optimization. New protocols and signaling mechanisms are needed so that the corresponding interface links can be personalized using customized parameters to meet specific requirements, while minimizing signaling overhead and maximizing the overall system spectrum efficiency through personalized AI technologies.

[0103] In addition, terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks can enable a series of new services and applications, such as earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation, tracking, autonomous delivery, and mobility. Sensing based on terrestrial networks and sensing based on non-terrestrial networks can provide intelligent, context-aware networks to enhance the UE experience. For example, sensing based on terrestrial networks and sensing based on non-terrestrial networks can include opportunities for positioning and sensing applications based on a set of new functional and service capabilities. Applications such as THz imaging and spectroscopy have the potential to provide continuous, real-time physiological information for future digital health technologies through dynamic, non-invasive, non-contact measurements. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods can not only enable advanced cross reality (XR) applications but also improve the navigation of autonomous objects such as vehicles and drones. In addition, in terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks, measured channel data and sensing and positioning data can be obtained through large bandwidth, new spectrum, dense networks, and more line-of-sight (LOS) links. Based on this data, the wireless environment can be mapped through AI / ML methods, where channel information is linked to its corresponding positioning or environmental information to provide an enhanced physical layer design based on the map.

[0104] A sensing coordinator is a node in the network that can assist in sensing operations. These nodes can be independent nodes dedicated to sensing operations or other nodes that perform sensing operations in parallel with communication transmissions (e.g., TRP 170, ED 110, or core network nodes). New protocols and signaling mechanisms are needed so that the corresponding interface links can be executed with customized parameters to meet specific requirements while minimizing signaling overhead and maximizing the overall system spectral efficiency.

[0105] AI / ML and sensing methods are data-intensive. To incorporate AI / ML and sensing into wireless communication, more and more data needs to be collected, stored, and exchanged. The characteristics of wireless data extend over a considerable range in multiple dimensions, for example, from sub-6 GHz, millimeter to terahertz carrier frequencies, from spatial, outdoor to indoor scenarios, from text, voice to video. These operations of data collection, processing, and use are carried out in a unified framework or different frameworks.

[0106] Control information is referred to in some embodiments of this document. Control information may sometimes also be referred to as control signaling, or signaling. In some cases, for example, control information may be dynamically transmitted in the physical layer in a control channel, such as in a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH). Examples of control information with dynamic indication are the information transmitted in physical layer control signaling, such as the uplink control information (UCI) transmitted in PUCCH or PUSCH or the downlink control information (DCI) transmitted in PDCCH. The dynamic indication may be an indication in a lower layer (such as physical layer / layer 1 signaling), rather than an indication in a higher layer (such as other than in RRC signaling or MAC CE). The semi-static indication may be an indication in semi-static signaling. The semi-static signaling used in this document may refer to non-dynamic signaling, such as higher layer signaling (such as RRC signaling) and / or MAC CE. The dynamic signaling used in this document may refer to dynamic signaling, such as the physical layer control signaling transmitted in the physical layer, such as the DCI transmitted in PDCCH or the UCI transmitted in PUCCH or PUSCH.

[0107] In 5G NR, devices and apparatuses may have multiple antennas. For these devices and apparatuses, analog beamforming may be used to provide beamforming gain for the communication link between the device and the apparatus. At higher frequencies, since the signal path loss may be large, the beamforming gain may be more critical. Analog beamforming may be performed on a device and / or apparatus with multiple antennas (such as a user equipment (UE) or a base station), where each antenna is attached to a phase shifter at the device and / or apparatus. Each phase shifter directs the signal to a specific angle (or an angle within a specific range) or a specific area, rather than the signal being transmitted omnidirectionally.

[0108] A set of phases that direct the signal to a specific angle or direction may be referred to as an analog beamformer. Analog beamformers may be grouped into a codebook. In one example, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix may be used as the codebook for analog beamforming across the angular domain, where each column of the DFT matrix is a beamformer that steers to a specific angle, and the number of rows of the DFT matrix is the number of antennas at the device.

[0109] As described above, in beam-based communication, since communication parameters can be configured at least in part based on beam measurement values, beam measurement is very important for correct data transmission and decoding as well as beam and cell association. Traditionally, a UE periodically reports beam measurement values, such as measured beam RSRP, signal to noise ratio (SNR), signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), interference power, and / or signal power, to an associated base station (e.g., the base station serving the UE, a base station that can be a potential handover candidate, or a base station that can be used as part of beam failure recovery).

[0110] Whenever the UE changes its position, speed, or orientation, the beam to be reported to the associated base station may have different RSRP values because the beam is used to transmit at one or more specific angles or to a specific area. The UE may report the measured RSRP values of different types of beams (e.g., a serving beam, a beam that can be used for beam switching, a beam that can be used for beam failure recovery (BFR), and / or a beam that can be used for potential handover (HO)) to the base station.

[0111] Since higher signal power translates into better performance (e.g., higher data rate), base stations in the network typically attempt to associate the UE with a beam that provides high RSRP. In some embodiments, the base station may request the UE to change from a first serving beam of the base station to a different serving beam through a beam switching procedure. In some embodiments, the base station may configure the UE to replace a failed serving beam with one or more other beams through a beam failure recovery procedure. In some embodiments, the serving base station may change to another base station through a handover procedure.

[0112] When the UE measures the beam RSRP, the measured beam RSRP value can be used to determine communication parameters. When the channel changes, the measured beam RSRP value may also change. Although the channel may change continuously, the channel change may be more significant when the UE's position, speed, or orientation changes. When the UE's position, speed, or orientation changes, the measured beam RSRP value may have a large deviation. Since the UE may have different attributes in terms of UE position, movement, orientation, or a combination thereof, it may be useful to associate the beam RSRP report with the UE's sensing information (e.g., the UE's position, movement, orientation). For example, a UE in a park, an office, or a car moving on a highway may all have different behaviors. Such different behaviors may indicate that different approaches (e.g., different configurations) are needed for RSRP measurement reporting and feedback for each UE. This also shows the benefits of providing different methods to implement event-triggered beam measurement and reporting.

[0113] Event-triggered beam measurement and reporting have been considered, but only in specific cases. The basic principle of the event-triggered process is to take an action only after confirming the relevant situation based on the RSRP measurement. For example, when the measured RSRP of the serving cell is higher or lower than a predetermined threshold, the UE can enter or leave the serving cell area. In another example, when the measured RSRP of a neighboring cell is higher than a predetermined neighboring cell threshold, when the measured RSRP of the serving cell is lower than a predetermined serving cell threshold, or when the RSRP of the neighboring cell is higher than the serving cell by a specific offset value, the UE can move from the serving cell area to the neighboring cell. In another example, when the inter-radio access technology (inter-RAT) of a neighboring cell is higher than a predetermined neighboring cell threshold, or when the measured RSRP of the serving cell is lower than a predetermined serving cell threshold, or when the inter-RAT of the neighboring cell is higher than a predetermined inter-RAT threshold, the UE can move from the serving cell area to the neighboring cell. However, such examples are limited to handover operations, and the handover operations are determined only based on beam measurements.

[0114] Aspects of the present invention provide a method that enables event-triggered operations such that when one or more conditions indicated in event-trigger information are satisfied, a device (e.g., a UE) performs a specified action, such as beam measurement and reporting. A UE can be used to operate based on event-trigger information indicating one or more conditions that, when satisfied, trigger the device to perform a specified action. At least one of the event-trigger information or the one or more conditions can determine when and / or how the device (e.g., a UE) can perform the specified action, such as reporting the measured beam RSRP to an associated device (e.g., a base station). The event-trigger information and / or the one or more conditions can be related to at least one of the UE's beam measurement information (e.g., RSRP) or sensing information (e.g., location, rate, orientation). For example, an event that triggers the UE to perform a specific action may occur when the measured RSRP is greater than a predetermined threshold or when the UE moves outside a specific area.

[0115] According to some embodiments, a device (e.g., a base station) can determine or configure event-trigger information for a device (e.g., a UE). The device determining the event-trigger information can include: determining one or more conditions that, when satisfied, trigger the device to perform a specific action, such as beam measurement and reporting. The device configuring the event-trigger information can include: the device sending configuration information about the one or more conditions and a configuration of the specific action that can be performed when the one or more conditions are satisfied and trigger the device to perform the specific action.

[0116] In some embodiments, determining whether one or more conditions are satisfied can be performed based on beam measurement information. In some embodiments, determining whether one or more conditions are satisfied can be performed based on sensing information. Examples of beam measurement information and sensing information are provided in the following description in conjunction with Figure 5A and Figure 5B . In some embodiments, whether one or more conditions are satisfied can be determined based on a combination of beam measurement information and sensing information. In some embodiments, determining whether one or more conditions are satisfied is performed at the device.

[0117] In some embodiments, a device can determine whether one or more conditions, when satisfied, trigger the device to perform a specific action based on a set of inputs (e.g., beam measurement information and / or sensing information) discussed above and elsewhere in the present invention.

[0118] Figure 5AFIG. 0 shows an example of several types of inputs 500 provided by an embodiment of the present application. The input 500 can be used to determine whether a condition is met and perform an action when the condition is met. Examples of different types of inputs 500 can include, but are not limited to, measurement-based information 510, sensing-based information 512, and configuration parameters 514. The measurement-based information 510, sensing-based information 512, and configuration parameters 514 can be used to establish a condition 520 to be met. In the present invention, the measurement-based information can be referred to as measurement information, and the sensing-based information can be referred to as sensing information. The measurement-based information 510 can include the RSRP of a measured beam, reference signal received quality (RSRQ), signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), power, or interference power. The sensing-based information 512 can include device (e.g., UE) location, device speed, device rate, device acceleration, device rotation, device orientation, device elevation angle, information obtained from the proximity sensor of the device, information obtained from the gyroscope sensor of the device, information obtained from radar, information related to reflector detection (e.g., whether there are signal reflectors nearby and their possible locations), information related to other device detection (e.g., whether there are other UEs nearby and their possible locations), information related to signal blocker detection (e.g., whether there are potential signal blockers nearby and their possible locations), and information related to the presence of line-of-sight (LOS) of other devices, etc. The information obtained from the proximity sensor of the device, the information obtained from radar, the information related to reflector detection, the information related to signal blocker detection, and / or the information related to other device detection can be environmental sensing information. The device (e.g., UE) can obtain the sensing information directly or indirectly. For example, the UE can directly obtain information related to the UE location from a global positioning system (GPS) sensor. In another example, the UE can indirectly obtain information related to the UE rotation by combining the information obtained from the GPS sensor and a laser imaging, detection, and ranging (LIDAR) sensor.

[0119] Condition 520 can be a measurement-based condition, a sensing-information-based condition, or a combination of a measurement-based condition and a sensing-information-based condition. In some embodiments, a device (e.g., a base station) sends configuration parameter information to a device (e.g., a UE). Then, the device can use the input to determine whether Condition 520 is satisfied. When Condition 520 is satisfied, an action 530 associated with Condition 520 can be performed.

[0120] Figure 5B is a block diagram of a set of exemplary conditions 550 for triggering a device to perform a specific action provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 5B , one or more conditions 550 can trigger a device (e.g., a UE) to perform a specific action based on at least one of measurement information 560, sensing information 570, and one or more combinations 580 thereof. Measurement information, sensing information, and one or more combinations of measurement information and sensing information can be regarded as one or more inputs for determining whether one or more conditions 550 trigger a device to perform a specific action when satisfied, as Figure 5A shown. One or more conditions 550 for triggering a device (e.g., a UE) to perform a specific action can include a measurement-based condition 560 and a sensing-information-based condition 570. The measurement-based condition 560 can be periodic 561 in nature and can also be aperiodic 562 in nature, and is used to trigger the device to perform measurements according to specific conditions. Similarly, the sensing-information-based condition 570 can be periodic 571 in nature and can also be aperiodic 572 in nature, and is used to trigger the device to perform sensing according to specific conditions.

[0121] Measurement information (which can include beam measurement information) and sensing information can be used in a method for determining whether one or more conditions 550 trigger a device to perform one or more (specified) actions when satisfied. As described above, measurement information and sensing information can be used as inputs for one or more conditions 550, and one or more conditions 550 can include logical conditions (e.g., A < B). Specifically, when determining whether one or more conditions 550 are satisfied, some inputs (e.g., Figure 5A the measurement-based information 510 and the sensing-based information 512 in ) can be compared with a predetermined threshold to determine whether one or more conditions 550 are satisfied. For example, when a specific input is greater than or less than a threshold, when the first input is greater than the second input, when the first input is a specific offset value greater than the second input, when the first input is close to a preconfigured threshold within a specific range, when a specific input is within or outside a specific range, or in combination thereof, one or more conditions 550 can be satisfied.

[0122] One or more conditions 550 may include multiple logical conditions. In some embodiments, when all logical conditions are satisfied, the device (e.g., UE) is triggered to perform a specified action. In some embodiments, when only some of the logical conditions are satisfied, the device is triggered to perform a specified action. Whether each logical condition is satisfied may be determined by comparing an input with a threshold or by comparing the difference between two inputs with a specific offset value. A certain threshold and / or offset value may be predetermined or preconfigured by the network or a network device (e.g., a base station). A certain threshold and / or offset value may have a default value.

[0123] When one or more conditions 550 are satisfied, the device (e.g., UE) may be triggered to perform one or more actions, such as beam measurement, beam measurement reporting, other actions related to beam management procedures, or any combination thereof. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the beam measurement performed when one or more conditions 550 are satisfied should be distinguished from the beam measurement performed to obtain measurement information for determining whether one or more conditions 550 are satisfied.

[0124] Figure 5B The illustrated measurement-based periodic condition 561 may trigger the device (e.g., UE) to periodically perform one or more configured actions or predetermined actions, e.g., beam measurement and reporting at a specific time interval (e.g., every N minutes). In some embodiments, the measurement-based periodic condition 561 may depend on sensing information. In some embodiments, the actions performed by the device when the measurement-based periodic condition 561 is satisfied may be similar to traditional beam reporting.

[0125] Figure 5B The illustrated measurement-based aperiodic condition 562 may trigger the device (e.g., UE) to perform an action according to one or more specific conditions related to beam measurement. For example, when the measured RSRP is greater than a specific threshold, the measurement-based aperiodic condition 562 may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. In another example, when the measured RSRP is less than a specific threshold, the measurement-based aperiodic condition 562 may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. In another example, when the measured RSRP of a first beam is greater than the measured RSRP of a second beam by a specific offset, the measurement-based aperiodic condition 562 may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. There may be various relationships between the beam measurement (e.g., measured beam RSRP) and the configured parameter values (e.g., threshold, offset) that trigger the device to perform an action.

[0126] Figure 5BThe periodic condition 571 based on sensed information as shown may trigger a device (e.g., UE) to perform beam measurement and reporting according to a certain degree of change in the position or orientation of the device. The change in the position of the device can be determined according to the absolute distance that the device moves, or the angular distance that the device moves in a specific direction (e.g., the basic directions of north, south, east, and west), or the distance that the device moves in a Cartesian coordinate system (e.g., the x-axis, y-axis, z-axis) or the relative direction compared with the position and / or movement of the device (e.g., forward, backward, right, left, clockwise rotation, counterclockwise rotation). For example, whenever the device moves M meters or rotates R degrees, the device can be triggered to perform an action. In other words, whenever the device obtains sensed information such as the device has moved M meters or rotated R degrees, the device can be triggered to perform an action.

[0127] Figure 5B The aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing as shown may trigger a device (e.g., UE) to perform an action according to one or more conditions related to the sensed information. For example, when the device moves a specific distance (e.g., M meters) in any direction, a specific direction, or a relative direction, the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. In another example, when the UE rotates beyond a certain degree or when the device accelerates beyond a certain amount, the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. In other words, the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may include: if the sensed information obtained by the UE indicates that the UE rotates beyond a certain degree, the UE reports beam measurement to the base station. In another example, when the rate of the UE decreases beyond a specified threshold (e.g., when the mobile device leaves the highway), the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may trigger the UE to report beam measurement. In other words, the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may include: if the sensed information obtained by the UE indicates that the rate of the UE decreases beyond a predetermined threshold, the UE reports beam measurement to the base station.

[0128] In some embodiments, the aperiodic condition 572 based on sensing may trigger the device to report beam measurement according to the sensed information related to other objects. For example, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurement according to the movement of another object (e.g., a nearby reflective object). In another example, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurement according to the change in the distance between the UE and another object. In another example, when the UE detects other nearby UEs, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurement. In another example, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurement according to the change from a line-of-sight (LOS) link to a non-line-of-sight (NLOS) link (or vice versa) between the UE and another UE.

[0129] In some embodiments, one or more conditions 550 for a triggering device (e.g., a UE) to perform a specific action may include a combination 580 of a measurement-based condition 560 and a sensing information-based condition 570. In other words, the combination 580 may include any one of a measurement-based periodic condition 561, a measurement-based aperiodic condition 562, a sensing information-based periodic condition 571, and a sensing-based aperiodic condition 572. For example, when the UE moves a specific distance and the measured RSRP of the serving beam is greater than a predefined threshold, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurements. In another example, when the UE rotates in a specific direction by more than a predefined amount or the measured RSRP of the serving beam decreases by more than a predefined value, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurements. In other words, if one of the sensing information-based condition 570 and the measurement-based condition 560 is satisfied, the UE may report beam measurements. In another example, when the rate of the UE changes by more than a certain amount and the change in the measured RSRP of the serving beam is greater than a predefined value, the UE may be triggered to report beam measurements. In other words, if both the sensing information-based condition 570 and the measurement-based condition 560 are satisfied, the UE may report beam measurements.

[0130] In some embodiments, one or more conditions 550 may trigger a device (e.g., a UE) to perform beam measurements. For example, when the measurement-based periodic condition 561 is satisfied or when the UE moves a specific distance, the UE may be triggered to perform beam measurements. The UE may track the movement of the UE. When the UE moves beyond a predefined threshold distance, the UE may perform beam measurements (e.g., RSRP) and report the measured RSRP to the base station. In some embodiments, the beam measurement report may include a UE-initiated RSRP feedback process. In this case, the UE may send an indication to the base station that the UE is going to send RSRP feedback (e.g., the measured beam RSRP). Then, the UE may use the resources set by the base station for providing RSRP feedback to report the RSRP feedback. In some embodiments, the resources for sending the RSRP feedback may be included in the configuration information provided by the base station related to the action to be performed by the UE (in this case, the RSRP feedback or the beam measurement report). In some embodiments, the UE may know in advance the resources to be used for sending the RSRP feedback or for performing the beam measurement report. In this case, the UE may send the RSRP feedback to the base station without sending an indication that the UE is going to send the RSRP feedback.

[0131] In some embodiments, one or more conditions 550 may trigger a device (e.g., a UE) to perform other actions related to beam management. For example, a UE may be used to measure the RSRP of a specific beam (i.e., a new beam) of a non-serving beam. When the measured RSRP of the new beam is greater than the measured RSRP of the serving beam by a specific value (e.g., a predetermined value), the UE may report the measured RSRP of the new beam and perform a beam switch (e.g., switch from the serving beam to the new beam).

[0132] In some embodiments, one or more conditions 550 may be based on one or more logical, linear, or non-linear relationships between configuration parameters or default parameters (e.g., predetermined thresholds) and measurement information (e.g., beam measurement information) and / or between configuration parameters or default parameters and sensing information. One or more actions may include, but are not limited to, beam measurement, beam measurement reporting, other actions related to beam management, or any combination thereof.

[0133] When the actions triggered by one or more conditions 550 include performing beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting, the base station may send periodic beams so that the UE can use the periodic beams to perform beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting. However, to reduce the power consumption of the base station, the base station may send beams only when the UE is triggered to perform measurement or perform measurement and reporting. In this way, the base station can reduce the required periodic beam transmissions. For example, the base station may send beams only when the UE notifies the base station that the UE is going to perform beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting. In another example, the base station may send beams only when the base station detects that the UE can perform beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting soon. For example, the movement of the UE may be detected by the base station, and the base station may regard the movement of the UE in a specific direction (as configured by the base station) as a trigger to perform beam measurement and / or beam measurement reporting.

[0134] In some embodiments, one or more conditions for triggering a specific action can be specific to a particular UE or a group of UEs. In some embodiments, one or more conditions can be for UEs operating under different operating conditions, e.g., stationary UEs, pedestrian-held UEs, low-mobility UEs, or high-mobility UEs. In some embodiments, one or more conditions can be configured or determined based on information that can be determined from a map. For example, the condition can be configured or determined based on whether the UE is on a lane, a sidewalk, a highway, or in a park. Such information can be determined based on a comparison of the GPS date with the map, thereby determining the position of the UE on the map based on the map information. In some embodiments, one or more conditions can be determined or configured taking into account one or more parameters or capabilities of the UE. Examples of such parameters or capabilities include but are not limited to low power consumption, high reliability, and low latency. By determining or configuring conditions for a certain device (or a group of devices), the device can perform a specific action more efficiently. For example, a stationary UE can have the ability to perform beam measurements and reporting at a lower frequency because, in the case where the UE is not moving, the channel conditions can be relied upon to remain unchanged for a longer period of time. A UE determined to be in a park can perform fewer beam measurement reports because the UE only reports beam measurements when it moves more than a specific distance, and when people are in the park, they tend to stay in the park for some time. A UE determined to be on a highway can be used to perform beam measurements, beam measurement reports, and beam switching only under specific conditions (e.g., when the UE enters the coverage area of a specific beam as shown above and Figure 6 as shown). When configured in this way, the UE can perform beam switching in a more reliable manner while performing beam measurements and reporting at a lower frequency.

[0135] The apparatus may send information to a device (e.g., a base station), the information indicating one or more capabilities of the apparatus regarding obtaining at least one of sensing information or beam measurement information. The device may determine or configure one or more conditions of the apparatus taking into account the capabilities of the apparatus. For example, one or more conditions may be determined or configured such that the apparatus can determine whether one or more conditions are met based on at least one of the sensing information or beam measurement information obtained by the apparatus. Some apparatuses may have the ability to obtain various beam measurement information (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, etc.) and sensing information (e.g., position, rate, rotation, etc.), while some other apparatuses may have the ability to obtain a limited type of beam measurement information and / or sensing information. Therefore, the capabilities of the apparatus related to obtaining sensing information and / or beam measurement information may be an important factor when determining or configuring one or more conditions. For example, some older mobile devices may not be able to obtain information related to angular velocity due to the lack of a gyroscope sensor in the mobile device. In this case, if determining whether a condition is met is based on the angular velocity of the apparatus, some apparatuses (e.g., older mobile devices) may not be able to perform such determination. In some embodiments, selecting appropriate conditions for the apparatus may be related to the capabilities of these apparatuses.

[0136] Figure 6 An example is shown in which one or more conditions provided by an embodiment of the present invention trigger a UE on a highway to perform one or more actions. Refer to Figure 6 , the wireless network 600 includes a UE 601 and a transmit receive point (TRP) 602 that communicates with the UE 601. The TRP 602 may be a base station. The TRP 602 transmits multiple beams, including a first beam 610, a second beam 620, and a third beam 630. Each beam includes a coverage area. In Figure 6 , at a first time instance, when the UE is within the coverage area 611, the UE 601 and the TRP 602 communicate using the first beam 610. Since the UE 601 is on a highway, the UE 601 may be moving at a high speed. When the UE 601 moves faster than a predetermined threshold, if this is a condition that triggers the UE 601 to perform beam measurement and reporting and the condition is met, the UE 601 may be triggered to perform beam measurement and reporting. For example, when the UE 601 is near the edge of the area covered by the beam 610, the UE 601 may be triggered to perform beam measurement and reporting based on the position of the UE 601. In other words, the condition that triggers the UE 601 to perform beam measurement and reporting may be related to the position of the UE 601.

[0137] UE 601 can perform beam switching according to its location. For example, when UE 601 is located at the edge of the area covered by the first beam 610 or in the overlapping area 612 of the first beam 610 and the second beam 620, and UE 601 moves in the direction of arrow 615 (e.g., from the area 611 covered by the first beam 610 to the area 621 covered by the second beam 620), the condition for triggering UE 601 to perform beam switching can be met. When this condition is met, UE 601 can switch the serving beam from the first beam 610 to the second beam 620 to communicate with the TRP 602.

[0138] Figure 7 Examples are shown of one or more conditions provided by embodiments of the present invention for triggering multiple UEs co-located in a common area (e.g., a park) to perform one or more actions.

[0139] Refer to Figure 7 , the wireless network 700 includes UEs 701a to 701e and a TRP 702. The TRP 702 can be a base station. The TRP 702 transmits multiple beams, including a first beam 710, a second beam 720, and a third beam 730. The first beam 710 is used for communication between the TRP 702 and the UE 701c and between the TRP 702 and the UE 701d. The first beam 710 is transmitted in the direction of the reflector 703 and the UE 701c. The reflector 703 redirects the transmitted beam to the UE 701d. The UEs 701c and 701d do not move and are within the area covered by the first beam 710. Therefore, since the conditions for triggering the UEs 701c and 701d to perform beam measurement and reporting are not met, the UEs 701c and 701d may not be triggered to perform beam measurement and reporting.

[0140] UE 701c can receive communications transmitted by the TRP 702 on the transmission beam 710 using a narrow beam. The UE 701c can have beamforming capabilities and thus can use multiple beams. When the UE 701c moves in a manner involving rotation of the UE 701c (as shown by the arrow 712), the receiving beam used may no longer be aligned with the transmission beam 710. Therefore, the condition that can trigger the UE 701 to perform an action when satisfied can be that the rotation of the UE 701c is greater than a threshold. For example, since the nature of the receiving beam is a narrow beam, it can be understood that due to the misalignment of the transmission beam and the receiving beam, a 7-degree rotation of the UE 701c may cause a significant reduction in the received power at the UE 701c. When the determined rotation exceeds the threshold of 7 degrees, the action of the UE 701c can be to perform measurements on other beams to determine whether there are any beams that may have a higher received power (e.g., RSRP). Therefore, if it is determined that there is a beam with a higher received power, the UE 701c can switch to a different beam. Although 7 degrees is discussed above, it should be understood that such an angle is only an example, and the rotation threshold will vary according to the desired implementation.

[0141] The UE can determine the amount of rotation either by the information received from a gyroscope or indirectly by combining the information obtained from a GPS sensor and a laser imaging, detection, and ranging (LIDAR) sensor. The UE may rotate for various reasons. For example, simply adjusting a laptop may cause the device to rotate, or using the device for augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) may cause the UE to rotate, which may trigger an action but not cause significant movement.

[0142] The UE 701a moves away from the TRP 702 along the longitudinal direction of the second beam 720 at a medium rate in the direction indicated by the arrow 722. When the UE 701a moves quickly, e.g., at a speed faster than a predetermined threshold, the UE 701a can perform beam measurements and reporting, so the condition for triggering the UE 701a to perform beam measurements and reporting is satisfied. However, since the UE 701a is still near the center of the area covered by the second beam 720 (i.e., far from the edge of the area covered by the beam 720), the UE 701a may not perform a beam switch. In other words, the condition for triggering the UE 701a to perform a beam switch is not satisfied.

[0143] Four UEs 701b are located at or near the center of the area covered by the second beam 720, and the four UEs 701b are not moving (or are moving at a low speed). Therefore, since the conditions for triggering the four UEs 701b to perform beam measurement and reporting are not met, the UEs 701b may not be triggered to perform beam measurement and reporting.

[0144] UE 701e moves away from the TRP 702 in the direction indicated by the arrow 732 at a medium rate, and the arrow 732 is almost perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the third beam 730. Since UE 701e moves from the edge of the area covered by the third beam 730 to the area covered by the second beam 720, and the rate of UE 701e is faster than a predetermined threshold, and since the conditions for triggering UE 701e to perform beam switching are met, UE 701e can perform beam switching.

[0145] The TRP 702 can configure or determine one or more conditions that, when satisfied, trigger some or all of the UEs 701a to 701e to perform one or more actions according to the information of each of the UEs 701a to 701e. The TRP 702 can configure or determine one or more conditions specific to each of the UEs 701a to 701e. In some embodiments, the TRP 702 may not require all available information to determine the event trigger conditions from the UE 701d. Since the UE701d and the TRP 702 communicate through the reflector 703, and the UE 701c is located at or near the reflector 703, the TRP702 can have the ability to use the information obtained from other devices (e.g., the UE 701c) to determine or configure the conditions specific to the UE 701d. The TRP 702 can obtain some of the information that the UE 701d can provide from the UE 701d, for example, information related to the beam transmission between the reflector 703 and the UE 701d.

[0146] The device can determine whether one or more conditions are met based on the information obtained through measurements performed at the device. The information obtained through measurements performed at the device can include beam measurement information. In some embodiments, the device can be configured for how to perform such measurements. In some embodiments, the device can perform measurements according to a predetermined protocol.

[0147] In some embodiments, one or more predetermined default values can be used as inputs for one or more conditions. For example, when the device cannot obtain or has not obtained from the base station one or more conditions in the form of configuration information or sensing information, the default value may be useful.

[0148] When one or more conditions associated with an event are met, a device (e.g., a UE) may perform one or more configuration actions. The device may perform the configuration actions directly without notifying a device (e.g., a base station), or may perform the configuration actions after sending an indication to the device that the device is going to perform the configuration actions. Some actions may be directly performed by the device according to a previous configuration. Actions that may be directly performed by the device may include: measuring one or more existing beams and reporting beam measurements (e.g., measuring beam RSRP reporting). In some embodiments, the device sends an indication to the device that the device is going to perform these actions before actually performing the actions. Examples of actions where the device first sends an indication may include: measuring a specific aperiodic beam sent from the device.

[0149] In some embodiments, the device may be used to sequentially perform multiple actions according to one or more conditions. For example, when a condition related to the location of the UE is met, the UE is triggered to measure the RSRP of a specific beam. Then, a condition related to the measured beam RSRP is met (e.g., the measured beam RSRP is greater than a predetermined value compared to the RSRP of the serving beam), thereby further triggering the UE to initiate a beam handover. In another example, when a condition related to the rate of the UE is met, the UE is triggered to measure the RSRP of a specific beam. Then, a condition related to the measured beam RSRP is met (e.g., the measured beam RSRP is greater than a predetermined threshold) triggering the UE to add the measured beam to the set of beams to be used in the beam failure recovery process.

[0150] Figure 8A An example of a signal flow diagram 800 between a device 801, a first device 802, and a second device 803 provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which can reduce the overhead brought by beam measurement and reporting. The device 801 may be a UE. The first device 802 may be a base station that sends signals below 6 GHz, and the second device 803 may be a high-frequency network node or a base station that sends millimeter wave (mmWave) signals. The device 801 may be communicatively connected to the first device 802 and the second device 803 using a low-frequency band link and an mmWave link, respectively.

[0151] At step 805, the device 801 may receive a beam transmitted through the low-frequency band link from the first device 802. The device 801 may use the beam sent from the first device 802 to estimate the device location. The device 801 may have the ability to determine the device movement based on the estimated device location.

[0152] The device 801 may also have event trigger information that indicates one or more conditions related to the position and / or movement of the device 801. One or more conditions may be satisfied when the device 801 moves in a specific direction (e.g., east, west, south, and north) and / or within a specific angular range. One or more conditions may be satisfied when the device 801 moves more than a specific distance in a non-designated direction (e.g., exceeding a distance threshold in other directions). For example, if the designated direction is east, one or more conditions may be satisfied when the device 801 moves more than the distance threshold in the west, south, or north. One or more conditions, when satisfied, may trigger the device 801 to perform beam measurement and reporting. The event trigger information may be received from the first device 802.

[0153] Therefore, the device 801 can be used to measure one or more beams and report beam measurements when one or more conditions related to the position and / or movement of the device 801 are satisfied.

[0154] At step 810, the device 801 may detect that the device 801 is moving in a specific direction based on the signaling received from the first device 802. The device 801 moving in a specific direction may satisfy one or more conditions that trigger the device 801 to perform beam measurement and reporting. For example, it may be determined whether one or more conditions are satisfied by comparing the movement of the device 801 with a predetermined threshold (e.g., a direction-specific distance threshold).

[0155] If the device 801 determines that one or more conditions are satisfied, then at step 815, the device 801 may notify the first device 802 that one or more conditions related to the movement of the device 801 are satisfied. In some embodiments, the device 801 sends an event report to the first device 802, as Figure 8A shown.

[0156] At step 820, the second device 803 may send one or more beams to the device 801 so that the device 801 can measure the one or more beams and report the measurements of the one or more beams. In some embodiments, the one or more beams sent from the second device 803 may be aperiodic beams. In such embodiments, when one or more conditions are met, the device 801 may send an indication to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting before the device 801 actually performs beam measurement and reporting. In some embodiments, the device 801 may send a first indication to the first device 802 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting. After receiving the first indication from the device 801, the first device 802 may send a second indication to the second device 803 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting. After receiving the second indication from the first device 802, the second device 803 may start sending aperiodic beams to the device 801 that the device 801 can measure and report.

[0157] In some embodiments, the one or more beams sent from the second device 803 at step 820 may be periodic beams.

[0158] In such embodiments, when one or more conditions are met, the device 801 may directly measure the beams and report the beam measurements without sending any indication to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting.

[0159] Although Figure 8A it is shown that the device 801 may use one or more beams from the second device 803 to perform beam measurement, in some embodiments, the device 801 may use one or more beams from the first device 802 to perform beam measurement. In some embodiments, the device 801 may use beams from both the first device 802 and the second device 803 to perform beam measurement.

[0160] At step 825, the device 801 may send a beam measurement report to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803.

[0161] Figure 8B Another example of a signal flow diagram 850 between the device 801 (e.g., UE) provided by an embodiment of the present invention and the first device 802 and the second device 803 (e.g., base station) is shown, which can reduce the overhead caused by beam measurement and reporting. Figure 8B The shown device 801 and the first device 802 and the second device 803 may be related to Figure 8AThe device shown and the same devices and equipment. Device 801 can communicate and connect with the first device 802 and the second device 803 using a low-frequency band link and a mmWave link respectively.

[0162] At step 855, device 801 can obtain sensing information. For example, the position of device 801, the rate of device 801, the speed of device 801, the acceleration of device 801, the rotation of device 801, the orientation of device 801, information obtained from the proximity sensor of device 801, information obtained from the gyroscope sensor of device 801, information related to reflector detection, and / or information related to signal blocker detection. Device 801 can obtain sensing information without relying on a network.

[0163] In this example, device 801 can have event trigger information that indicates one or more conditions related to the displacement of a specific reflector. When the specific reflector is displaced relative to a predetermined reference point or the previous position of the reflector, etc., one or more conditions can be satisfied. For example, when device 801 senses or identifies that a reflector within a certain range of the angle of arrival (AoA) of the active beam pair used for communication between device 801 and the second device 803 has moved a specific distance or a specific angle, one or more conditions can be satisfied. When one or more conditions are satisfied, device 801 can be triggered to perform beam measurement and reporting. The event trigger information can be received from the first device 802.

[0164] Therefore, device 801 can be used to measure one or more beams and report beam measurements when one or more conditions related to the displacement of the reflector are satisfied.

[0165] At step 860, device 801 can detect the displacement of the reflector. The movement of the reflector can satisfy one or more conditions that trigger device 801 to perform beam measurement and reporting. For example, it can be determined whether one or more conditions are satisfied by comparing the movement of the reflector with a predetermined threshold (e.g., a specific distance threshold).

[0166] If device 801 determines that one or more conditions are satisfied, then at step 865, device 801 can notify device 802 that one or more conditions related to the displacement of the reflector are satisfied. In some embodiments, device 801 sends an event report to the first device 802, as Figure 8B shown.

[0167] At step 870, the second device 803 may send one or more beams to the device 801 so that the device 801 can measure the one or more beams and report measurements of the one or more beams. In some embodiments, the one or more beams sent from the second device 803 may be aperiodic beams. In such embodiments, when one or more conditions are met, the device 801 may send an indication to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting before the device 801 actually performs beam measurement and reporting. In some embodiments, when one or more conditions are met, the device 801 may send a first indication to the first device 802 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting. After receiving the first indication from the device 801, the first device 802 may send a second indication to the second device 803 that the device 801 is about to perform beam measurement and reporting. After receiving the second indication from the first device 802, the second device 803 may start sending aperiodic beams that the device 801 can measure and report. In some embodiments, the one or more beams sent from the second device 803 may be periodic beams. In such embodiments, when one or more conditions are met, the device 801 may directly measure the beams and report beam measurements without sending an indication to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803.

[0168] Although Figure 8B it is shown that the device 801 may use one or more beams from the second device 803 to perform beam measurement, in some embodiments, the device 801 may use one or more beams from the first device 802 to perform beam measurement. In some embodiments, the device 801 may use beams from both the first device 802 and the second device 803 to perform beam measurement.

[0169] At step 875, the device 801 may send one or more beam measurement reports to the first device 802 and / or the second device 803.

[0170] The above and Figure 8B the examples shown may be related to the following: adapting to reflector movement, preventing potential signal blockers, or tracking current signal blockers that may be related to the movement of the device 801 or the movement of a signal blocker (e.g., a truck).

[0171] Figure 9 is a signal flow diagram 900 provided by an embodiment of the present invention, showing an exemplary process of event-triggered operations in beam-based communication between a device 901 and a device 902. Refer to Figure 9, in some embodiments, device 901 may be a UE and device 902 may be a base station. In other embodiments, device 901 may be a base station and device 902 may be a UE. In other embodiments, both device 901 and device 902 may be UEs. In other embodiments, both device 901 and device 902 may be base stations.

[0172] In some embodiments, at step 910, device 901 and device 902 may establish a communication link. Device 901 and device 902 may communicate via the established communication link.

[0173] In some embodiments, at step 920, optionally, device 901 may send information as shown by the dashed line, the information indicating the ability of device 901 regarding at least one of obtaining sensing information or beam measurement information. Examples of the information indicating the ability of device 901 may include information such as whether device 901 is capable of obtaining sensing information. Some examples of sensing information are provided above and elsewhere in the present invention.

[0174] In some embodiments, at step 930, device 902 may determine event trigger information indicating one or more conditions. The one or more conditions, when satisfied, may trigger device 901 to perform an action. In some embodiments, the action to be performed by device 901 may include at least one of the following: performing beam RSRP measurement, sending a beam measurement report, performing beam switching, or adding a beam to the set of beams to be used in a beam failure recovery process. In some embodiments, device 902 may determine or configure the event trigger information based on the information received at step 920. For example, device 902 may determine or configure the event trigger information based on the information indicating the ability of device 901, the sensing information obtained by device 901 and provided to device 902, the requirements of device 901 (e.g., the communication requirements of device 901), or a combination thereof. In another example, device 902 may determine or configure the event trigger information based on the current state of device 901 (e.g., the location of the device, e.g., whether device 901 is in a park or on a highway). Device 902 may determine or configure event trigger information specific to device 901. In other words, the event trigger information may be customized for device 901 and thus particularly applicable to device 901. In some embodiments, the event trigger information determined or configured by device 902 may include one or more parameters (e.g., inputs, thresholds) for determining whether one or more conditions are satisfied. Step 930 may be an optional step. In some embodiments where step 930 is an optional step, device 902 may obtain the event trigger information and send it to device 901. In certain cases, the event trigger information may be configured or determined by another device.

[0175] At step 940, device 902 may send event trigger information to apparatus 901. In some embodiments, the event trigger information may be the event trigger information determined by device 902 at step 930. However, in some embodiments, although Figure 9 it is shown that device 902 sends event trigger information to apparatus 901, the event trigger information may be pre-configured or pre-determined by one or more other devices, and one or more other devices may provide the pre-configured or pre-determined event trigger information to apparatus 901. In any case, the event trigger information sent or provided to apparatus 901 may be specific to apparatus 901.

[0176] In some embodiments, the event trigger information sent to apparatus 901 may include information indicating at least one of the following: a condition associated with the reference signal received power (RSRP) of a measurement of a beam, a condition based on sensing information, a condition based on a change in sensing information, or a condition based on a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the condition associated with the RSRP of a measurement of a beam may include: the measured RSRP of the serving beam is smaller than the measured RSRP of another beam by a predetermined value. In some embodiments, the condition based on sensing information or the condition based on a change in sensing information may include at least one of the following: displacement of a reflector, movement of apparatus 901 in a specific direction or outside a specific angular range, or a rate of apparatus 901 faster than a threshold rate. In some embodiments, the event trigger information sent to apparatus 901 may include information indicating one or more parameters (e.g., inputs, thresholds) for determining whether one or more conditions are met.

[0177] In some embodiments, apparatus 901 may continuously or periodically check whether any of one or more conditions are met until apparatus 901 is notified to stop checking whether the conditions are met, or until a timer associated with the continuous checking expires.

[0178] At step 950, the device 901 may obtain sensing information related to the event trigger information and / or beam measurement information related to the event trigger information. The sensing information may include at least one of the following: the position of the device 901, the rate of the device 901, the speed of the device 901, the acceleration of the device 901, the rotation of the device 901, the orientation of the device 901, information obtained from the proximity sensor of the device 901, information obtained from the gyroscope sensor of the device 901, information related to reflector detection, or information related to signal blocker detection. The beam measurement information may be information related to the measured beam, including at least one of the following: the RSRP of the measured beam, the RSRQ of the measured beam, the SNR of the measured beam, the SINR of the measured beam, the interference power of the measured beam, or the power of the measured beam. In some embodiments, the device 901 may periodically obtain at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information. Although obtaining the sensing information and / or the beam measurement information is shown in a particular order at step 950, it should be understood that in the exemplary process of the event-triggered operation in the beam-based communication shown in the signal flow diagram 900, the device 901 may obtain the sensing information and / or the beam measurement information at other times.

[0179] At step 960, the device 901 determines whether one or more conditions are met based on the event trigger information and at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information. In some embodiments, the device 901 may determine whether one or more conditions are met according to one or more pre-configured thresholds for comparison with at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

[0180] In some embodiments, at step 970A, when one or more conditions indicated by the event trigger information are met, the device 901 may send an indication to the device 902 that the device 901 is about to perform an action (e.g., beam measurement and reporting). In response to this indication, at step 970B, the device 902 may send at least one of a response message or configuration information related to the execution of the action to the device 901. The configuration information may be information for the device 901 to correctly perform the action. Steps 970A and 970B may be optional steps. In some embodiments, when the device 901 sends an indication that the event is being triggered at step 970A, the device 902 may not send a response message and / or configuration information to the device 901 at step 970B.

[0181] At step 980, when one or more conditions indicated by the event trigger information are met, device 901 may perform an action. As described above, in some embodiments, the actions to be performed by device 901 may include at least one of the following: performing beam RSRP measurement, sending a beam measurement report (e.g., device feedback), performing beam switching, or adding a beam to the beam set to be used in the beam failure recovery process. In some embodiments, as part of the beam RSRP measurement, device 901 may measure one or more beams transmitted by device 902 or a different device (e.g., a millimeter wave (mmWave) base station).

[0182] In some embodiments, if the configuration information is sent by device 902, device 901 may perform action 980 according to the configuration information received at step 970B. For example, by performing steps 970A and 970B, the action to be performed by device 901 is to send a beam measurement report to device 902 according to the configuration information received at step 970B, and device 901 may send a beam measurement report to device 902. In some embodiments, device 901 may know how to perform configuration actions according to a predetermined protocol, default signal configuration, and / or initial event configuration, etc. Device 901 may send a measurement report to device 902 through MAC-CE carried by physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or uplink control information (UCI) carried by PUSCH or physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

[0183] The above embodiments are in the context of a UE communicating with a base station or a TRP. However, more generally, devices and / or equipment that wirelessly communicate with each other on time-frequency resources do not necessarily have to be one or more UEs communicating with a TRP. For example, two or more UEs may wirelessly communicate with each other through device-to-device (D2D) communication via a sidelink. Also, for example, two network devices (e.g., a terrestrial base station and a non-terrestrial base station such as a drone) may wirelessly communicate with each other through a backhaul link. The embodiments are not limited to uplink communication and / or downlink communication. For example, in the above embodiments, the base station may be replaced by another device such as a node or a UE in the network. The uplink / downlink communication may also be sidelink communication.

[0184] The embodiments of the present invention described above relate to beam measurement and reporting between a UE and a base station. The various methods described above and elsewhere in the present invention can be applied to various apparatuses and devices that perform beam-based communication, such as apparatuses and devices available in a frequency division duplexing (FDD) or time division duplexing (TDD) system. Although the above embodiments are in the context of a UE communicating with a base station, the base station can determine or configure one or more conditions for the UE, where the one or more conditions relate to how and when to report beam measurements sent from another UE in the context of sidelink communication.

[0185] Examples of apparatuses and devices (such as an ED or a UE and a TRP or a network device) that perform the various methods described herein are also disclosed.

[0186] For example, a (first) device may include a memory for storing processor-executable instructions and a processor for executing the processor-executable instructions. When the processor executes the processor-executable instructions, it may cause the processor to perform the method steps of one or more devices described herein, for example, in connection with Figure 9 For example, the processor may cause the device to communicate over the air interface in an operating mode by implementing operations consistent with that operating mode, such as performing necessary measurements and generating, based on these measurements, content configured for that operating mode, preparing for uplink transmission and processing downlink transmission, for example, encoding, decoding, configuring and / or indicating transmission / reception on one or more RF chains and one or more antennas.

[0187] It should be noted that the expression "at least one of A or B" used herein can be interchanged with the expression "A and / or B". This expression means a list in which you can choose A or B or A and B. Similarly, the expression "at least one of A, B or C" used herein can be interchanged with "A and / or B and / or C" or "A, B and / or C". It refers to a list in which you can choose: A or B or C, or A and B, or A and C, or B and C, or all of A, B and C. The same principle applies to longer lists having the same format.

[0188] It should be understood that one or more steps in the example methods provided herein may be performed by corresponding units or modules. For example, a signal may be sent by a sending unit or a sending module. A signal may be received by a receiving unit or a receiving module. A signal may be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. The corresponding unit / module may be hardware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more units / modules may be integrated circuits, such as, for example, a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). It should be understood that if these modules are software, then these modules may be retrieved in whole or in part by a processor as needed, retrieved individually or collectively for processing, retrieved in one or more instances as needed, and these modules themselves may include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0189] Although combinations of features are shown in the illustrated embodiments, it is not necessary to combine all features to realize the advantages of various embodiments of the present invention. In other words, a system or method designed according to an embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily include all features shown in any one of the drawings or all parts schematically shown in the drawings. In addition, selected features of one exemplary embodiment may be combined with selected features of other exemplary embodiments.

[0190] Although the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrative embodiments, this description is not to be construed in a limiting sense. After referring to this description, those skilled in the art will appreciate various modifications and combinations of the illustrative embodiments and other embodiments of the present invention. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover any such modifications or embodiments.

[0191] Abbreviations and Terminology Definitions

[0192] BS Base Station

[0193] DFT Discrete Fourier Transform

[0194] DL Downlink

[0195] DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal

[0196] FDD Frequency Division Duplexing

[0197] HO Handover

[0198] LOS Line of Sight

[0199] MAC-CE Medium (or Media) Access Control–Control Element

[0200] NLOS Non-Line of Sight

[0201] PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0202] PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel

[0203] RF Radio Frequency

[0204] RRC Radio Resource Control

[0205] RSRP Reference Signal Received Power

[0206] RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality

[0207] Rx Receiver

[0208] SINR Signal to Interference and Noise Ratio

[0209] SNR Signal to Noise Ratio

[0210] TDD Time Division Duplexing

[0211] TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

[0212] Tx Transmitter

[0213] UCI Uplink Control Information

[0214] UE User Equipment

[0215] UL Uplink

Claims

1. A method for event-triggered operation in beam-based communication, characterized in that, Comprising: The apparatus receives event trigger information from the device indicating one or more conditions, and when the one or more conditions are satisfied, the apparatus is triggered to perform an action; The apparatus obtains sensing information related to the event trigger information or sensing information related to the event trigger information and beam measurement information related to the event trigger information; The apparatus determines whether the one or more conditions are satisfied according to the event trigger information and the sensing information or the sensing information and the beam measurement information; When the one or more conditions are satisfied, the apparatus performs the action.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The event trigger information is specific to the apparatus.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Further comprising: The apparatus sends information to the device, and the information indicates the apparatus's ability to obtain at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Further comprising: The apparatus sends an indication to the device that the apparatus is going to perform the action; The apparatus receives at least one of a response message or configuration information related to performing the action from the device.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The event trigger information includes information indicating at least one of the following: A condition associated with the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the measurement of a beam; A condition based on the sensing information; or A condition based on a change in the sensing information.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein The condition associated with the measurement of the RSRP of the beam includes: the measured RSRP of the serving beam is smaller than the measured RSRP of another beam by a predetermined value.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The condition based on the sensing information or the condition based on the change in the sensing information includes at least one of the following: The displacement of a reflector; The movement of the apparatus in a specific direction or outside a specific angular range; or The rate of the apparatus is faster than a threshold rate.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The action includes at least one of the following: Performing a beam RSRP measurement; Sending a beam measurement report; Performing a beam handover; or Adding a beam to a beam set to be used in a beam failure recovery process.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Performing the beam RSRP measurement includes: measuring one or more beams sent by the device or another device.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The beam measurement report is sent to the device through a media access control–control element (MAC-CE) carried by a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or uplink control information (UCI) carried by the PUSCH or a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH).

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The apparatus determines whether the one or more conditions are satisfied according to one or more pre-configured thresholds for comparison with at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The sensing information includes at least one of the following: The position of the apparatus; The rate of the device; The speed of the device; The acceleration of the device; The rotation of the device; The orientation of the device; Information obtained from the proximity sensor of the device; Information obtained from the gyroscope sensor of the device; Information related to reflector detection; Or Information related to obstruction detection.

13. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The beam measurement information is information related to the measured beam, including at least one of the following: the RSRP of the measured beam, the reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of the measured beam, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured beam, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of the measured beam, the interference power of the measured beam, or the power of the measured beam.

14. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The device periodically obtains at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

15. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, The device is a user equipment (UE).

16. An apparatus for beam-based communication, characterized in that, Comprising: A processor; A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

17. A method for event-triggered operation in beam-based communication, characterized in that, Comprising: The device sends event trigger information indicating one or more conditions to the apparatus, and the one or more conditions trigger the apparatus to perform an action when satisfied; Wherein, when the one or more conditions are satisfied according to the event trigger information and the sensing information related to the event trigger information or the sensing information related to the event trigger information and the beam measurement information related to the event trigger information, the action is performed by the apparatus.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein Further comprising: The device determines the event trigger information.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, characterized in that, The event trigger information is specific to the device.

20. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that, Further comprising: The device receives information from the apparatus, the information indicating the apparatus's ability to obtain at least one of the sensing information or the beam measurement information.

21. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 20, characterized in that, Further comprising: The device receives an indication from the apparatus that the apparatus will perform the action; The device sends at least one of a response message or configuration information related to performing the action to the apparatus.

22. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 21, characterized in that The event trigger information includes information indicating at least one of the following: Conditions associated with the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the measured beam; Conditions based on the sensing information; or Conditions based on changes in the sensing information.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein The conditions associated with the measured RSRP of the beam include: the measured RSRP of the serving beam is smaller than the measured RSRP of another beam by a predetermined value.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that The conditions based on the sensing information or the conditions based on the changes in the sensing information include at least one of the following: The displacement of the reflector; The movement of the device in a specific direction or outside a specific angular range; or The rate of the device is faster than the threshold rate.

25. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 24, characterized in that, Further included: The device sends one or more beams to be measured by the device.

26. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 25, characterized in that The sensing information includes at least one of the following: The location of the device; The rate of the device; The speed of the device; The acceleration of the device; The rotation of the device; The orientation of the device; Information obtained from the proximity sensor of the device; Information obtained from the gyroscope sensor of the device; Information related to reflector detection; Or Information related to blocker detection.

27. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 26, characterized in that, The beam measurement information is information related to the measured beam, including at least one of the following: the RSRP of the measured beam, the reference signal received quality (RSRQ) of the measured beam, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured beam, the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) of the measured beam, the interference power of the measured beam, or the power of the measured beam.

28. The method according to any one of claims 17 to 27, characterized in that The device is a base station.

29. A device for beam-based communication, characterized in that, Including: A processor; A computer-readable medium storing computer-executable instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 17 to 28.

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