A device for treating salinized grassland soil

Abstract

The present invention provides a salinized grassland soil treatment device. The salinized grassland soil treatment device includes a movable plate, a soil treatment box is installed on the top of the movable plate, and a mixed nitrogen application mechanism is provided on one side of the soil treatment box. The mixed nitrogen application mechanism is used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil. A heating mechanism is provided in the soil treatment box, and a soil detection module is provided in the soil treatment box. The heating mechanism is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box, and the soil detection module is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content. The salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention has the advantages of being easy to use, being able to achieve salt gradient responsive control, and being able to improve soil treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil treatment, and in particular to a device for treating salinized grassland soil. Background Art

[0002] Salinized grasslands are a typical type of degraded ecosystem. Soil salinity exceeding 0.3% significantly inhibits vegetation growth. Traditional methods for improving salinized soils often rely on extensive treatments such as artificial application of desulfurized gypsum, organic fertilizers, or freshwater leaching. These methods suffer from low spatial efficiency (treatment equipment requires a large footprint), poor nutrient regulation precision (fixed nitrogen ratios), and incomplete salt removal (low leaching water recycling efficiency). Research has shown that the vertical distribution of Na+ and Cl- ions in salinized soils exhibits significant gradients. However, existing equipment, which mostly relies on surface spraying, struggles to achieve gradient-responsive salt regulation.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new salinized grassland soil treatment device to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a salinized grassland soil treatment device which is easy to use, can realize salt gradient responsive regulation, and can improve soil treatment efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a salinized grassland soil treatment device comprising: a movable plate, a soil treatment box mounted on top of the movable plate, a mixed nitrogen application mechanism provided on one side of the soil treatment box, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism being used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusting the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil, a heating mechanism provided within the soil treatment box, and a soil detection module provided within the soil treatment box, the heating mechanism being used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box, and the soil detection module being used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, electrical conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content;

[0006] Preferably, the soil treatment box includes a box body with an open top, a box door is provided on one side of the box body, a plurality of guide grooves are provided at the bottom of the box body, a mounting hole is provided on the inner wall of one side of the box body, a seepage hole is provided at the bottom of the guide groove, a filter plate is fixedly installed in the seepage hole, a sliding hole is provided on the side of the box body away from the box door, guide grooves are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the box body, and a card slot is provided on the top of the box door.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the box body is inclined, the guide groove is opened on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box, and the inclination angle of the guide groove and the bottom inner wall of the box body is 3°-5°.

[0008] Preferably, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen to a range of 4:6 to 7:3 according to the soil salinity gradient.

[0009] Preferably, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism includes an organic nitrogen storage tank, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank and a three-way electric proportional valve, the two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve are respectively connected to the organic nitrogen storage tank and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank, the other end of the three-way electric proportional valve is connected to one end of a first water pipe, the first water pipe is provided with a first water valve, the other end of the first water pipe is connected to a high-pressure water pump, the output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to a porous nozzle, the bottom of the porous nozzle is fixedly installed with multiple surface nozzles and multiple internal nozzles, and the internal nozzle is located in the soil treatment box.

[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a lifting mechanism, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises at least two lifting rods, the tops of at least two of the lifting rods are fixedly mounted with a same mounting frame, and the multi-hole nozzle is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame.

[0011] Preferably, a salt elution mechanism is further included, which is used to flush the salt in the soil in the treatment box. The salt elution mechanism includes a collecting box, which is located below the multiple filter plates. A filter tube is fixedly installed in the collecting box, and a plurality of filter holes are provided on the filter tube. A fixing hole is provided on one side of the collecting box, and a second water pipe is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe extends into the filter tube, and the other end of the second water pipe is connected to the first water pipe. The other end of the second water pipe is located on the side of the first water valve close to the high-pressure water pump, and a second water valve is provided on the second water pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the soil detection module includes a plurality of sensor fixing brackets mounted on the mounting bracket, the sensor fixing bracket being used to mount one or more soil sensors, the soil sensors including an integrated pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a nitrogen content detector probe. The same soil sensor located on a plurality of different sensor fixing brackets has different depths within the soil treatment box, and the soil depth range of the soil sensor within the soil treatment box is 5-25 cm.

[0013] Preferably, the heating mechanism includes a plurality of heaters fixedly mounted in the soil processing box and a protective cover fixedly mounted outside the soil processing box, the heaters pass through the mounting holes and extend into the protective cover, and the heaters are located in the middle of the soil processing box.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a heat-insulating and moisturizing mechanism, which includes a mounting box fixedly mounted on the outer wall of one side of the soil treatment box, a mounting shaft rotatably mounted in the mounting box, a light-transmitting protective film fixedly wound around the mounting shaft, one end of the light-transmitting protective film fixedly mounted on the mounting shaft, the light-transmitting protective film passes through the sliding hole, a guide bar fixedly mounted on the other end of the light-transmitting protective film, both ends of the guide bar are respectively slidably mounted in the two guide grooves, a telescopic card block is fixedly mounted on the top of the guide bar, and the telescopic card block is adapted to the card slot.

[0015] Compared with related technologies, the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention provides a device for treating salinized grassland soil. Through a soil detection module, salt gradient data of a 5-25 cm soil layer can be synchronously acquired. Combined with a fuzzy PID algorithm, the device enables the dynamic adjustment accuracy of the organic nitrogen ratio of a mixed nitrogen application mechanism to reach ±3%, improving nitrogen utilization by 17.2% compared with a fixed ratio device. A salt leaching mechanism can improve the salt migration rate. A heating mechanism can activate a 25-30°C heating mode when the electrical conductivity is greater than 3.6 dS / m, thereby increasing urease activity. The three-layer composite structure of the light-transmitting thermal insulation film reduces heat energy loss while maintaining an 85% light transmittance, thereby increasing the organic nitrogen mineralization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the device for treating salinized grassland soil provided by the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The cross-sectional structural diagram shown;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure after the heat preservation and moisturizing mechanism is removed;

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism and the lifting mechanism shown;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism, lifting mechanism and salt elution mechanism shown;

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6A schematic structural diagram of a collection box of a salt elution mechanism is shown;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the heat preservation and moisturizing mechanism shown;

[0025] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure after removing the installation box is shown;

[0026] Figure 10 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the soil treatment box shown;

[0027] Figure 11 for Figure 10 A structural diagram from another perspective is shown.

[0028] Numbers in the figure: 1. Soil treatment box, 101. Box body, 102. Box door, 103. Mounting hole, 104. Guide groove, 105. Filter plate, 106. Sliding hole, 107. Guide groove, 108. Card slot, 2. Mixed nitrogen application mechanism, 201. Organic nitrogen storage tank, 202. Inorganic nitrogen storage tank, 203. Three-way electric proportional valve, 204. First water pipe, 205. First water valve, 206. High-pressure water pump, 207. Multi-hole nozzle, 208 , surface nozzle, 209, internal nozzle, 3, soil detection module, 4, heating mechanism, 5, salt elution mechanism, 501, collection box, 502, filter tube, 503, second water pipe, 504, second water valve, 505, fixing hole, 506, filter hole, 6, lifting mechanism, 7, movable plate, 8, heat preservation and moisturizing mechanism, 801, installation box, 802, installation shaft, 803, light-transmitting protective film, 804, guide bar, 805, telescopic block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-11 ,in, Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the device for treating salinized grassland soil provided by the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram from another perspective is shown; Figure 3 for Figure 2 The cross-sectional structural diagram shown; Figure 4 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure after the heat preservation and moisturizing mechanism is removed; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism and the lifting mechanism shown; Figure 6 for Figure 4Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism, lifting mechanism and salt elution mechanism shown; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a collection box of a salt elution mechanism is shown; Figure 8 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the heat preservation and moisturizing mechanism shown; Figure 9 for Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure after removing the installation box is shown; Figure 10 for Figure 1 The structural diagram of the soil treatment box shown; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A structural schematic diagram from another perspective is shown. The salinized grassland soil treatment device includes: a mobile plate 7, the bottom of the mobile plate 7 is equipped with a universal wheel with a locking function, the wheel diameter is 15-25 cm, and the load-bearing capacity is ≥200 kg. The top of the mobile plate 7 is equipped with a soil treatment box 1, and the side wall of the soil treatment box 1 can be provided with a foldable solar panel with an output power of 80-120W to power the heater and soil sensor. A mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is provided on one side of the soil treatment box 1, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box 1, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil. A heating mechanism 4 is provided in the soil treatment box 1, and a soil detection module 3 is provided in the soil treatment box 1. The heating mechanism 4 is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box 1, and the soil detection module 3 is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content.

[0031] The soil treatment box 1 includes a box body 101 with an open top, a box door 102 is provided on one side of the box body 101, a plurality of guide grooves 104 are provided at the bottom of the box body 101, a mounting hole 103 is provided on the inner wall of one side of the box body 101, a seepage hole is provided at the bottom of the guide groove 104, a filter plate 105 is fixedly installed in the seepage hole, a sliding hole 106 is provided on the side of the box body 101 away from the box door 102, guide grooves 107 are provided on the inner walls of both sides of the box body 101, and a card slot 108 is provided on the top of the box door 2.

[0032] The bottom of the box body 101 is tilted, and the guide groove 104 is opened on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box. The tilt angle of the guide groove 104 and the bottom inner wall of the box body 101 is 3°-5°.

[0033] The mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen to a range of 4:6 to 7:3 according to the soil salinity gradient.

[0034] The mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 includes an organic nitrogen storage tank 201, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank 202 and a three-way electric proportional valve 203. The two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve 203 are respectively connected to the organic nitrogen storage tank 201 and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank 202. The other end of the three-way electric proportional valve 203 is connected to one end of a first water pipe 204. The first water pipe 204 is provided with a first water valve 205. The other end of the first water pipe 204 is connected to a high-pressure water pump 206. The output end of the high-pressure water pump 206 is connected to a porous nozzle 207. A plurality of surface nozzles 208 and a plurality of internal nozzles 209 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the porous nozzle 207. The internal nozzle 209 is located in the soil treatment box 1.

[0035] The spraying coverage radius of the surface nozzle 208 is adjusted within the range of 0.5-2.0 m by air pressure, the spraying pressure of the surface nozzle 208 and the internal nozzle 209 is 0.2-0.8 MPa, and the spray atomization particle size is ≤100 μm.

[0036] The device further comprises a lifting mechanism 6 , which comprises at least two lifting rods 601 . The tops of at least two lifting rods 601 are fixedly mounted with a same mounting frame 602 , and the multi-hole nozzle 207 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame 602 .

[0037] It also includes a salt elution mechanism 5, which is used to flush the salt in the soil located in the treatment box 1. The salt elution mechanism 5 includes a collecting box 501, which is located below the multiple filter plates 105. A filter tube 502 is fixedly installed in the collecting box 501. A fixing hole 505 is opened on one side of the collecting box 501, and a second water pipe 503 is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe 503 extends into the filter tube 502, and the other end of the second water pipe 503 is connected to the first water pipe 204. The other end of the second water pipe 503 is located on the side of the first water valve 205 close to the high-pressure water pump 206. A second water valve 504 is provided on the second water pipe 503.

[0038] The soil detection module 3 includes multiple sensor mounting brackets mounted on the mounting bracket 602. The sensor mounting brackets are used to mount one or more soil sensors. The soil sensors include integrated pH sensors, conductivity sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and nitrogen content detector probes. The same soil sensor located on multiple different sensor mounting brackets has different depths within the soil treatment box 1. The soil depth of the soil sensor within the soil treatment box 1 ranges from 5 to 25 cm.

[0039] The heating mechanism 4 includes a plurality of heaters fixedly installed in the soil treatment box 1 and a protective cover 4 fixedly installed outside the soil treatment box 1. The heaters pass through the mounting holes 103 and extend into the protective cover 4. The heaters are located in the middle of the soil treatment box 1.

[0040] The heater is a carbon fiber electric heating wire divided into 3-5 heating areas with independent temperature control. Each area adjusts the temperature differently according to the conductivity data of the corresponding position. The temperature difference control range is ±2°C. The buried depth of the heating wire is 10-30cm, and the distance between adjacent wires is 8-15cm.

[0041] It also includes a heat-insulating and moisturizing mechanism 8, which includes an installation box 801 fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the soil treatment box 1, and an installation shaft 802 is rotatably installed in the installation box 801. A light-transmitting protective film 803 is fixedly wrapped around the installation shaft 802. One end of the light-transmitting protective film 803 is fixedly installed on the installation shaft 802, and the light-transmitting protective film 803 passes through the sliding hole 106. A guide bar 804 is fixedly installed on the other end of the light-transmitting protective film 803. The two ends of the guide bar 807 are respectively slidably installed in the two guide grooves 107. A telescopic card block 805 is fixedly installed on the top of the guide bar 804, and the telescopic card block 805 is adapted to the card slot 108.

[0042] The light-transmitting protective film 803 is a three-layer composite structure, including an outer UV-resistant layer, a middle aerogel insulation layer and an inner hydrophobic coating layer. The thermal conductivity of the middle aerogel insulation layer is ≤0.023W / (m·K). The overall thickness of the light-transmitting protective film 803 is 0.5-1.2mm.

[0043] The present invention can also be provided with a control module, which is connected to each mechanism and has a built-in fuzzy PID algorithm to regulate the nitrogen application ratio, heating power and processing time in real time according to sensor data.

[0044] In this embodiment,

[0045] The pH, EC value and nitrogen content data of the 5-25 cm soil layer are obtained in real time through the various soil sensors of the soil detection module 3. When the pH is less than 7.5 and the conductivity is greater than 3.6 dS / m, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 is started to increase the organic nitrogen ratio to 70% through the three-way electric proportional valve 203. At the same time, the carbon fiber electric heating wire is heated to 30°C to promote the activity of nitrifying bacteria; when the pH is greater than or equal to 8.0 and the conductivity is less than or equal to 2.0 dS / m, the inorganic nitrogen ratio is switched to 80%.

[0046] The salt elution mechanism 5 cooperates with the high-pressure water pump 206, porous nozzle 207 and surface nozzle 208 in the mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2 to flush the salt in the soil. At the same time, the heating mechanism 4 can prevent the salt from recrystallizing due to low temperature during the elution process.

[0047] Compared with related technologies, the salinized grassland soil treatment device provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The present invention provides a device for treating salinized grassland soil. The device uses a soil detection module 3 to synchronously acquire salt gradient data for a 5-25 cm soil layer. Combined with a fuzzy PID algorithm, the device achieves a dynamic adjustment accuracy of ±3% for the organic nitrogen ratio of a mixed nitrogen application mechanism 2, improving nitrogen utilization by 17.2% compared to a fixed ratio device. The device uses a salt leaching mechanism 5 to increase the salt migration rate. The device uses a heating mechanism 4 to activate a 25-30°C heating mode when the electrical conductivity is greater than 3.6 dS / m, thereby increasing urease activity. The three-layer composite structure of the light-transmitting thermal insulation film 803 reduces heat energy loss while maintaining an 85% light transmittance, thereby increasing the organic nitrogen mineralization rate.

[0049] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating salinized grassland soil, characterized in that: include: A movable plate, a soil treatment box is mounted on the top of the movable plate, a mixed nitrogen application mechanism is provided on one side of the soil treatment box, the mixed nitrogen application mechanism is used to add a mixture of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen to the soil in the soil treatment box, and the mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen according to the salt gradient in the soil, the soil treatment box is provided with a heating mechanism, and the soil treatment box is provided with a soil detection module, the heating mechanism is used to heat the soil in the soil treatment box, and the soil detection module is used to detect soil parameters, including pH value, conductivity, temperature and humidity, and nitrogen content; The soil detection module can simultaneously obtain the salt gradient data of the 5-25cm soil layer. Combined with the fuzzy PID algorithm, the organic nitrogen ratio of the mixed nitrogen application mechanism can be dynamically adjusted with an accuracy of ±3%. The soil treatment box includes a box body with an open top, a box door is provided on one side of the box body, a plurality of guide grooves are provided on the bottom of the box body, a mounting hole is provided on one inner wall of the box body, a seepage hole is provided at the bottom of the guide groove, a filter plate is fixedly installed in the seepage hole, a sliding hole is provided on the side of the box body away from the box door, guide grooves are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the box body, and a clamping slot is provided on the top of the box door; The mixed nitrogen application mechanism includes an organic nitrogen storage tank, an inorganic nitrogen storage tank, and a three-way electric proportional valve. The two water inlet ends of the three-way electric proportional valve are respectively connected to the organic nitrogen storage tank and the inorganic nitrogen storage tank. The other end of the three-way electric proportional valve is connected to one end of a first water pipe, which is provided with a first water valve. The other end of the first water pipe is connected to a high-pressure water pump. The output end of the high-pressure water pump is connected to a multi-hole nozzle. A plurality of surface nozzles and a plurality of internal nozzles are fixedly installed at the bottom of the multi-hole nozzle. The internal nozzle is located in the soil treatment box. It also includes a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism includes at least two lifting rods, the tops of at least two of the lifting rods are fixedly mounted with a same mounting frame, and the multi-hole nozzle is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame; The soil detection module includes a plurality of sensor mounting brackets mounted on the mounting bracket, wherein the sensor mounting bracket is used to mount one or more soil sensors, wherein the soil sensors include an integrated pH sensor, a conductivity sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a nitrogen content detector probe. The same soil sensor located on different sensor mounting brackets has different depths within the soil treatment box. The soil depth of the soil sensor within the soil treatment box ranges from 5 to 25 cm. It also includes a heat-insulating and moisturizing mechanism, which includes an installation box fixedly installed on the outer wall of one side of the soil treatment box, a mounting shaft rotatably installed in the installation box, a light-transmitting protective film fixedly wrapped around the installation shaft, one end of the light-transmitting protective film fixedly installed on the installation shaft, the light-transmitting protective film passes through the sliding hole, and a guide bar is fixedly installed on the other end of the light-transmitting protective film, and the two ends of the guide bar are respectively slidably installed in the two guide grooves, and a telescopic card block is fixedly installed on the top of the guide bar, and the telescopic card block is adapted to the card slot.

2. The device for treating salinized grassland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the box body is inclined, and the guide groove is opened on the bottom inner wall of the soil treatment box. The inclination angle of the guide groove and the bottom inner wall of the box body is 3°-5°.

3. The device for treating salinized grassland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed nitrogen application mechanism dynamically adjusts the mixing ratio of organic nitrogen to inorganic nitrogen to a range of 4:6 to 7:3 according to the soil salinity gradient.

4. The device for treating salinized grassland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a salt elution mechanism, which is used to flush the salt in the soil in the treatment box. The salt elution mechanism includes a collection box, which is located below the multiple filter plates. A filter tube is fixedly installed in the collection box. A fixing hole is opened on one side of the collection box. A second water pipe is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. One end of the first water pipe extends into the filter tube, and the other end of the second water pipe is connected to the first water pipe. The other end of the second water pipe is located on the side of the first water valve close to the high-pressure water pump. A second water valve is provided on the second water pipe.

5. The device for treating salinized grassland soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating mechanism includes a plurality of heaters fixedly installed in the soil processing box and a protective cover fixedly installed outside the soil processing box. The heaters pass through the installation holes and extend into the protective cover. The heaters are located in the middle of the soil processing box.

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