Bagging seed collecting method for efficient seed collecting of pteryopsis seed

Abstract

This invention provides a method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds using a bagging technique. The method includes the following steps: Step S1: When *Chrysanthemum indicum* is in the late budding stage, and each plant in the seed-preserving population has 5-10 fully mature flower buds ready to release seeds, bagging is arranged. Step S2: Using a pressure feedback clamp to fix the plant branches, the operator spirals a 60-mesh nylon net bag down the main stem, and the bag opening is triple-tied with a waterproof drawstring 10cm from the branching point. Step S3: When the weather station detects a ≥80% probability of rainfall in the next 24 hours and the RH value of the humidity sensor inside the bag is ≥85%, the vibration motor at the bottom of the net bag is activated in conjunction with the electrostatic adsorption film to complete the seed transfer. This invention can improve the harvesting efficiency of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds, effectively reduce seed production costs, and is beneficial for the planting of various crops or field management of mountain fruit and tea gardens.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sexual reproduction technology for agricultural crops, and in particular to a method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of winged chrysanthemum seeds by bagging. Background Technology

[0002] Winged-fruited chrysanthemum reproduces sexually. Generally, it only flowers and produces seeds between August and October under specific conditions, and these seeds only fully mature under certain conditions. Market demand is high, but the small and light size of the seeds poses significant challenges for seed producers. Rainy seasons exacerbate these difficulties and also affect germination rates. Currently, collection is done manually by beating the seeds, which is labor-intensive, requires large collection containers, and results in the seeds being carried away by air currents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a bagging and seed-saving method for efficient harvesting of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds, which can improve the harvesting efficiency of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds, effectively reduce seed production costs, and benefit the planting of various crops or field management of mountain fruit and tea gardens.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following scheme: a method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds using bagging, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: When the buds of the winged chrysanthemum are in the late stage, observe that each plant has 5 to 10 fully mature flower buds and begins to release seeds in the seed-saving group, and then arrange for bagging. Step S2: Use a pressure feedback type circling clamp to fix the plant branches. The operator spirals down a 60-mesh nylon net bag along the main stem, and the bag opening is triple-tied with a waterproof drawstring 10cm away from the branching point. Step S3: When the weather station detects that the probability of rainfall in the next 24 hours is ≥80% and the RH value of the humidity sensor inside the bag is ≥85%, start the vibration motor at the bottom of the mesh bag to work with the electrostatic adsorption film to complete the seed transfer.

[0005] Furthermore, step S1 is further specified as follows: monitoring the maturity of flower buds through a UAV multispectral imaging system, and triggering a bagging command when the number of fully mature flower buds on a single plant reaches 5-10 and the pappus spread is ≥70%.

[0006] Furthermore, the calculation method for the spread of the crown hairs is: spread (%) = (projected area of ​​the unfolded crown hairs / maximum theoretical area of ​​the crown hairs) × 100, which is automatically measured by image analysis software.

[0007] Furthermore, the waterproof drawstring in step S2 is made of silicone and has a built-in temperature memory alloy spring. When the ambient temperature is >35℃, it automatically loosens by 5mm to allow for thermal expansion.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention increases the seed harvesting efficiency of *Chrysanthemum indicum* by 3.2 times, increases the thousand-seed weight by 15%, and achieves a germination rate of over 92%. It is suitable for large-scale seed production, has a relatively simple structure, is easy to use, has low cost, is reusable, is convenient to deploy in the field, saves manpower, makes the collection process easy, has low labor intensity, and results in no loss of seeds during collection. This simple method has significant effects, can guarantee the collection of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds, promotes the application of *Chrysanthemum indicum* varieties in production, reduces labor input, improves seed harvesting efficiency, effectively reduces seed production costs, is beneficial for the planting of various crops or field management of mountain fruit and tea gardens, improves ecological artificial control capabilities, and promotes the development of engineering technology in the southern grass industry. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the method flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0010] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0011] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds using a bagging method, the method comprising the following steps: Step S1: When the buds of the winged chrysanthemum are in the late stage, observe that each plant has 5 to 10 fully mature flower buds and begins to release seeds in the seed-saving group, and then arrange for bagging. Step S2: Use a pressure feedback type circling clamp to fix the plant branches. The operator spirals down a 60-mesh nylon net bag along the main stem, and the bag opening is triple-tied with a waterproof drawstring 10cm away from the branching point. Step S3: When the weather station detects that the probability of rainfall in the next 24 hours is ≥80% and the RH value of the humidity sensor inside the bag is ≥85%, start the vibration motor at the bottom of the mesh bag to work with the electrostatic adsorption film to complete the seed transfer.

[0012] The steps for using net bags to cover winged chrysanthemums are as follows: In the production of winged chrysanthemums in northern Fujian, seed propagation is commonly used. It has the characteristic of flowering and fruiting at the same time. The maturity of the seeds is inconsistent, and the seeds have pappus, which makes them easy to be dispersed by the wind after maturity. In addition, the seeds are very small, which increases the difficulty of seed collection. When the planting density of seed-saving sites is 100cm×100cm, healthy plants without diseases and pests should be selected for bagging and seed saving.

[0013] Example 1: Precision bagging operation Step 1: Spray with a 2000-fold dilution of 5% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate during the late budding stage, focusing on the underside of the leaves; Step 2: Two people work together to bag the branches. The ground operator uses a ring-shaped fixing frame (pressure sensor controls clamping force ≤5N) to stabilize the branches, while the operator on the ladder uses a spiral descent method to lay the net bags. A foldable A-frame ladder (150cm high) is used in collaboration with the ground operator. A magnetic positioner ensures that the angle between the net bag axis and the main stem is ≤15° to reduce mechanical damage. Step 3: Use waterproof binding tape to tie a triple knot 10cm from the branch point to form a lantern-shaped enclosed space.

[0014] Equipment preparation: Using a DJI Agras T30 drone equipped with a RedEdge-MX multispectral camera, an NDVI threshold > 0.6 was set as the standard for judging flower bud maturity. By monitoring the proportion of fully mature flower buds (5-10 flowers / plant to start flying for planting) and the pappus spread degree ≥ 70% as the signal to start bagging, the harvest rate was increased by 38% compared with the traditional fixed flowering period determination method. The device is equipped with a FH-2023 ring clamp, a pressure sensor with a range of 0-10N, and a calibration error of ±0.1N.

[0015] Bagging implementation: When the target plant's pappus spread is 72%, the ground operator uses a clamp to wrap around the plant from 30cm above the base (measured pressure 4.8N). The operator on the ladder attaches the magnetic locator (model MG-6) at the top of the net bag to the north side of the main stem and spirals the net bag down at a speed of 15cm per second. The design features a 60-mesh nylon net bag (100cm×150cm) with an adjustable drawstring, a seed guide channel at the bottom, and a 30cm redundant space at the top for the plant to continue growing, achieving "growth-harvest" synchronization. The binding process employs a three-stage cross-tying method: the first tying is tightened to a diameter of 3cm, the second is reinforced to 2cm, and the third leaves a 1cm buffer gap.

[0016] Example 2: Intelligent Seeding Configure mesh bags with RFID tags and obtain maturity data for each bag by scanning with a handheld terminal; When placing seeds, an inverted docking method is used, with a vibration motor (frequency 20Hz±5%) installed at the top of the bag and an electrostatic adsorption film inside the bottom bag to ensure a seed transfer rate of over 99%.

[0017] Hardware configuration: A miniature vibration motor (Nidec FBL4 model from Japan, rated power 5W, frequency adjustment accuracy ±0.5Hz) is installed at the bottom of the mesh bag. The electrostatic adsorption membrane is made of DuPont Teflon material with a surface resistivity of 10^8-10^10 Ω / sq and a pre-charge voltage of 1.5kV.

[0018] Seeding process: When the weather station predicts an 85% probability of rainfall, the control system automatically starts: based on meteorological data (wind speed ≤ level 3 24 hours before rainfall) combined with the temperature and humidity sensor inside the bag (automatic alarm when RH ≥ 85%), the system achieves zero seed loss and seed detachment. a. The vibration motor runs at a frequency of 22Hz for 3 cycles (15 seconds per cycle, with a 5-second interval); b. The electrostatic film maintains a voltage of 0.8kV during the seed descent phase to capture the scattered seeds; c. The seed flow rate in the guide channel is controlled at 0.5-1.2m / s, and the seeds are introduced into the seed storage tank through the bottom collection port.

[0019] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds using bagging, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step S1: When the buds of the winged chrysanthemum are in the late stage, observe that each plant has 5 to 10 fully mature flower buds and begins to release seeds in the seed-saving group, and then arrange for bagging. Step S2: Use a pressure feedback type circling clamp to fix the plant branches. The operator spirals down a 60-mesh nylon net bag along the main stem, and the bag opening is triple-tied with a waterproof drawstring 10cm away from the branching point. Step S3: When the weather station detects a rainfall probability of ≥80% in the next 24 hours and the RH value of the humidity sensor inside the bag is ≥85%, the vibration motor at the bottom of the mesh bag is activated to cooperate with the electrostatic adsorption film to complete the seed transfer; Step S1 is further specified as follows: the maturity of flower buds is monitored by the UAV multispectral imaging system, and the bagging command is triggered when the number of fully mature flower buds on a single plant reaches 5-10 and the pappus spread is ≥70%; the pappus spread is calculated as follows: spread (%) = (projected area of ​​unfolded pappus / maximum theoretical pappus area) × 100, which is automatically measured by image analysis software.

2. The method for efficient harvesting and seed preservation of *Chrysanthemum indicum* seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof drawstring in step S2 is made of silicone and has a built-in temperature memory alloy spring. When the ambient temperature is >35℃, it automatically loosens by 5mm to allow for thermal expansion.

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