Two-stage prevention and control method for new insect pest white-head fruit flies of under-forest ganoderma lucidum

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ganoderma lucidum cultivation, in particular to a two-stage prevention and control method for new insect pest white-head fruit flies of under-forest ganoderma lucidum. The method comprises the following steps: a, larva control: spraying suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the surfaces of ganoderma lucidum sporocarp and soil from the beginning of a ganoderma lucidum umbrella opening period to the early stage of powder spraying, so that the entomopathogenic nematode suspension infects white fruit fly larvae on the ganoderma lucidum sporocarp, and the white fruit fly larvae are prevented and controlled; and b, controlling adults: from mid-to-late April to late July, hanging an insect trapping sticky plate containing pheromone on a trunk above a ganoderma lucidum sporocarp to trap and kill the adults so as to reduce the insect population density of the forest land. The method overcomes the defects that chemical pesticides cause pesticide residues of ganoderma lucidum products and are not friendly to the ecological environment, the yield and quality of ganoderma lucidum are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the planting benefit of ganoderma lucidum under the forest is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of ganoderma cultivation, and relates to an insect pest control technology in ganoderma cultivation technology, and specifically is a two-stage control method for white-headed white fruit fly, a new insect pest of ganoderma under forest. Background Art

[0002] Lingzhi is a general term for fungi of the Ganodermataceae family and the Ganoderma genus. In ancient my country, it was known as the "immortal grass" and has a long history of medicinal use. Modern pharmacology and clinical studies have shown that Lingzhi contains a variety of active substances such as polysaccharides, triterpenes, proteins, peptides, sterols, etc., and has anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-aging, anti-viral and immune-enhancing effects.

[0003] As the scale of Ganoderma cultivation expands, the problem of Ganoderma diseases and pests has become increasingly apparent. Studies by Bi Sheng and others have shown that the main pests that harm Ganoderma are mites, mosquitoes, flies, slugs, and moths. Zhou Gonghe found 14 pests that harm Ganoderma, and Lei Meiyan and others found a new pest that harms the forest - the white-headed white fruit fly. The incidence of the white-headed white fruit fly is high in the forest Ganoderma cultivation bases in Chongqing and Guizhou, and the damage is serious, showing a trend of worsening year by year; pests have seriously restricted the development of the Ganoderma industry.

[0004] Occurrence and damage characteristics of the main insect pest of Ganoderma lucidum understory planting: Leucophenga albiceps

[0005] Occurrence pattern: In the Chongqing forest ganoderma cultivation base, white fruit flies overwinter in the weeds, soil surface, and decaying materials in the form of pupae. When the temperature rises to 15℃ in the spring of the following year, they begin to move slowly. In mid-to-late May, adults emerge in large numbers, and the damage peaks in June and July. Several generations occur in a year, and the overlapping of generations is serious. Generally, the damage rate of newly opened forests is about 10%, and the damage is relatively light. The damage rate in the second year reaches more than 30%, and it is increasing year by year.

[0006] Hazard characteristics (see Figure 1 ): The fruit fly larvae (see Figure 2 ) usually invade the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum from the surface of the stipe or cap to feed, and the surface of the invaded fruiting body has multiple invasion holes. After the larvae eat in the flesh of the mushroom, they leave several fungal channels. The debris and feces after feeding are light yellow granular polymers that accumulate together and cover the surface of the fruiting body, seriously affecting the appearance and commercial value of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0007] At present, the prevention and control of Ganoderma lucidum pests still mainly rely on chemical control agents such as dichlorvos and trichlorfon. The frequent use of insecticides makes insects develop resistance and has a killing effect on natural enemies and other beneficial organisms. The residual pesticides will also affect the safety of Ganoderma lucidum and cause problems such as soil pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop safer, greener and more environmentally friendly measures to prevent and control Ganoderma lucidum pests. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, aiming at the problems existing in the current prior art. This method is a green prevention and control method, which can solve the drawbacks of pesticide residues in Ganoderma lucidum products and environmental unfriendliness caused by chemical pesticides, improve the yield and quality of Ganoderma lucidum, reduce production costs, and is beneficial to improving the planting efficiency of Ganoderma lucidum under forest.

[0009] In order to achieve the above invention purpose, the specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest includes the following steps:

[0011] a. Control of larvae

[0012] From the umbrella-opening stage of Ganoderma lucidum to the pre-powder spraying stage, when there are traces of larval damage on the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, use a water spraying system (or water spraying device) to spray water on the Ganoderma lucidum to form a water film on the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body, so that the larvae move from the hiding place of the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body to the insect hole due to lack of oxygen. Then, turn off the water spraying device, and spray the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body and the soil surface. Do not spray water within 12 hours after spraying, and let the entomopathogenic nematode suspension infect the Drosophila suzukii larvae on the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body for control; if the spraying is not complete once, the above operation can be repeated.

[0013] b. Control of adults

[0014] From mid-to-late April to late July, if adults appear, hang the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone on the tree trunk above the Ganoderma lucidum fruit body to trap and kill the adults and reduce the insect population density in the forest land.

[0015] Furthermore, in step a of the two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the concentration of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes is 16,000 - 33,000 nematodes / ml.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes is as follows:

[0017] Dilute the stock solution containing entomopathogenic microorganisms with tap water to obtain a suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes with a concentration of 16,000 - 33,000 nematodes / ml.

[0018] Furthermore, in the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, it is characterized in that: the entomopathogenic nematodes in the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes are Steinernema carpocapsae.

[0019] Furthermore, in step a of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the spraying dosage of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies and the soil surface is 32 - 48 liters per 667 square meters.

[0020] Furthermore, in step a of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, during the control process of the larvae, the relative air humidity is maintained at 80% - 90%.

[0021] Furthermore, in step b of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the hanging density of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is 50 - 60 pieces per mu.

[0022] Furthermore, in step b of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is hung on the tree trunk 10 - 30 cm above the Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies.

[0023] Furthermore, in step b of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, 5 - 7 days after the first hanging of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone, observe the adult insects in the field and the adult insects on the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone. If adult insects are still observed in the field, partially or completely replace the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone.

[0024] Furthermore, in step b of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the active components on the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone are a mixed solution of cue-lure with a mass concentration of 0.4 - 0.75% (preferably 0.5%) and 10% of the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract.

[0025] Furthermore, in step b of the two-stage control method for the new pest, Drosophila suzukii, of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, the preparation method of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is as follows: first, prepare a waterproof paper of 20 cm × 40 cm, and then evenly coat a layer of mouse glue on the surface of the waterproof paper; then, evenly spray a mixed solution formed by 10% of the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract and a cue-lure solution with a mass concentration of 0.4 - 0.75% on the mouse glue, and air-dry to obtain.

[0026] Preferably, 3 - 5 ml of the mixed solution is sprayed on each piece of waterproof paper.

[0027] The present invention also protects the application of entomopathogenic nematodes in controlling the larvae of Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0028] Preferably, in the above application, the entomopathogenic nematode is preferably Steinernema carpocapsae.

[0029] Preferably, in the above application, the spraying concentration of the entomopathogenic nematode is 16,000 - 33,000 nematodes / ml.

[0030] The above control method also has a certain inhibitory effect on Neoleucinodes elegantalis.

[0031] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] (1) Safe for Ganoderma products and the environment. The white-headed Drosophila suzukii multiplies rapidly and causes serious damage in the Ganoderma lucidum planting area under the forest. It is extremely easy to break out into disasters (with a cycle of about 7 days). The larvae hide in the tender Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies and bore into them, resulting in abnormal growth of Ganoderma lucidum. In severe cases, there are a large number of wormholes in the fruiting bodies and the spore powder harvest fails. Since the larvae hide in the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting bodies and the damage period coincides with the rapid growth period of Ganoderma lucidum, the air humidity needs to be maintained at 80% - 90%. The hidden pests and the long-term water spraying environment result in a lack of safe and effective pesticides. Entomopathogenic nematodes like humid environments, actively search for hosts, can quickly kill the larvae of Drosophila suzukii, have good effects, can be used repeatedly, and do not produce drug resistance to pests. They disappear with the disappearance of the pest damage, are friendly to the environment, safe for Ganoderma products, and have no pesticide residues.

[0033] (2) The control effect on Drosophila suzukii is stable and effective. The temperature during the rapid growth stage of Ganoderma lucidum is 25 - 30°C, and the relative air humidity is 80% - 90%. The temperature range in which entomopathogenic nematodes have strong activity is 25 - 30°C, and the required relative air humidity is 80% - 90%. The temperature and humidity range in which entomopathogenic nematodes have the strongest activity matches the temperature and humidity ranges required for Ganoderma lucidum growth. Therefore, the control effect is better.

[0034] (3) It also has the effect of controlling the larvae of Neoleucinodes elegantalis and other pests, achieving multiple benefits and reducing costs.

[0035] (4) Green control principle: The larvae stage of Drosophila suzukii is controlled by Steinernema carpocapsae. This entomopathogenic nematode has strong specificity. Usually, the infective third-stage larvae invade the host body through the natural orifices or intersegmental membranes of the pest's body, release the carried symbiotic bacteria, reproduce in the pest's body and produce toxins, resulting in the pest getting sick and dying. It can reproduce itself in the pest's body and has a long-lasting effect. It is especially effective against underground and boring pests with hidden habitats and ineffective against conventional insecticides. In the adult stage, it combines the use of pheromones and color plates for trapping, which has strong specificity and stable effects, and is safe for products, humans, livestock and the environment. Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a characteristic diagram of Drosophila suzukii pest damage;

[0037] Among them, the left figure shows the damage caused by white fruit flies, the middle figure shows the larvae of white fruit flies, and the right figure shows the adult white fruit flies;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a morphological characteristic diagram of Leucophenga albiceps;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a phylogenetic tree diagram of Leucophenga albiceps;

[0040] Figure 4 It is the control effect diagram after 4 days of using an insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone (0.5% trimedlure and 10% Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract). Specific implementation mode

[0041] All the features disclosed in this specification, or all the steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way.

[0042] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including the claims and abstract), unless specifically stated, can be replaced by other equivalent or similar-purpose alternative features. That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is only an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0043] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise specified, % all represent mass percentage.

[0045] In the following embodiments, the preparation method of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes is: diluting the stock solution containing entomopathogenic microorganisms with tap water to obtain a suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes with a concentration of 16,000 - 33,000 nematodes / ml.

[0046] Attention should also be paid in this control method:

[0047] The equipment for preparing entomopathogenic nematodes and the utensils used for preparing entomopathogenic nematodes cannot be shared with the equipment for herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, etc.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified in this application, the reagents or raw materials are all commercially available products.

[0049] Example 1:

[0050] Identification of the main pests of Ganoderma lucidum under forest includes the following specific steps:

[0051] 1.1 Sample collection

[0052] Collect severely damaged Ganoderma lucidum fruit bodies at the Ganoderma lucidum cultivation base under the forest in Dashun Town, Fuling District, Chongqing City (latitude 29°30'54"N, longitude 107°1'31"E, altitude 688.78m). Dissect the damaged parts in the laboratory to obtain larvae and pupae; transplant the damaged Ganoderma lucidum under the forest together with the whole fungus stick into a greenhouse indoors, set the temperature at 26°C, and the relative air humidity at 60%. Adults can be seen in about 5 days, and then capture the adults. Preserve the samples for morphological identification in 75% ethanol and the samples for molecular identification in 100% ethanol.

[0053] 1.2 Morphological identification

[0054] Observe the morphological characteristics of adult specimens under a digital microscope and take pictures of them; dissect the external genitalia, pick out the abdomen of male insects with a dissecting needle, put it into 10% potassium hydroxide solution, heat and boil for 3.5 min to remove muscle tissue, then wash it with 95% ethanol, place it on a glass slide for shaping, drop 1 drop of glycerin, and observe and take pictures under the microscope.

[0055] 1.3 Molecular identification

[0056] 1.3.1 Operation process

[0057] Take samples of pupae, larvae, and adults, and extract DNA using the insect DNA extraction kit Magen. The extraction steps refer to the method of this kit. Place the extracted DNA at -20°C for standby;

[0058] PCR amplify the mitochondrial COI gene sequence, and the primers are LCO149 and HCO2198 (both primers are prior art). Reaction conditions: pre-denaturation at 95°C for 3 min; denaturation at 94°C for 40 s, annealing at 54°C for 45 s, extension at 72°C for 1 min, for 35 cycles; after the cycle ends, extend at 72°C for 5 min and store at 4°C. Electrophoretically detect the PCR products, and detect the products by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis at 100V. Send the products with a single and bright band in the detection results to Qingke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. for sequencing.

[0059] 1.4.2 Data processing

[0060] Perform a homology comparison of the above sequencing results with the sequences in GenBank through BLAST. Download 11 COI sequences of 5 closely related species of Drosophila albomicans and the outgroup with relatively high similarity for phylogenetic analysis. Using the MEGA 11.0 software, with Drosophila melanogaster as the outgroup, calculate the genetic distance analysis based on the Kimura-2-parameter sK2P parameter model, and construct a phylogenetic tree using the neighbor-joining method (NJ) (see Figure 3), a 1000 - time confidence test was conducted for each clade. Meanwhile, the sequences obtained from the experiment were uploaded to the NCBI database to obtain the corresponding sequence numbers;

[0061] Through identification, it was found that the main pest harming Ganoderma lucidum under the forest was Leucophenga albiceps of the genus Leucophenga. (NCBI accession number: KP697095.1)

[0062] Harm symptoms of Leucophenga albiceps:

[0063] The larvae of this pest usually invade the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum through the surface of the stipe or pileus to feed. The surface of the invaded fruiting body shows multiple invasion holes. After the larvae bore into the flesh of the mushroom, several mycoplasm channels are left. The debris and feces after feeding are piled up together in the form of light yellow granular polymers covering the surface of the fruiting body. After about 5 days of feeding by the larvae, they develop into pupae in the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, seriously affecting the appearance and commercial value of Ganoderma lucidum.

[0064] Morphological characteristics:

[0065] Figure 2 These are the morphological characteristics of Leucophenga albiceps. Among them, a. Overall characteristics of the adult; b. Characteristics of the thoracic dorsum; c. Lateral characteristics of the thorax; d. Characteristics of the abdominal dorsum markings; e. Characteristics of the wing veins; f. Appearance of the male external genitalia: epandrium (epand), surstyli (sur), and cercus (cerc); g. Hypandrium (hypd), gonocoxite (gon); h. Aedeagus (aed), ejaculatory apodeme (aeda), and gonocoxite (gon).

[0066] Occurrence regularity of the pest

[0067] Investigation found that the harm of Leucophenga albiceps was very serious and could occur throughout the growth period of Ganoderma lucidum. If prevention and control were not timely, it would lead to a complete failure of the Ganoderma lucidum harvest. Therefore, through investigation, it was found that the pest Leucophenga albiceps began to occur in the middle and late May (synchronous with the budding period of Ganoderma lucidum) in the Chongqing area, and the harm was severe from June to July, and several generations occurred in a year.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] A two - stage control method for the new pest Leucophenga albiceps of Ganoderma lucidum under the forest. The two - stage control method is respectively for larval control and adult control of Leucophenga albiceps, a pest of Ganoderma lucidum under the forest, and includes the following steps:

[0070] 1) From the middle and late June, starting from the umbrella - opening period of Ganoderma lucidum until the pre - powder - spraying period, when there are traces of larval harm on the fruiting body, use the water - spraying system to spray water on Ganoderma lucidum to form a water film on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, and the larvae will crawl out of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum due to lack of oxygen;

[0071] 2) Turn off the water spraying device, and spray the suspension of entomopathogenic nematodes pre-prepared on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. If there are larvae on the soil surface, the soil surface can also be sprayed.

[0072] Note: Do not spray water within 12 hours after spraying the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes, and let the entomopathogenic nematode suspension infect the Drosophila suzukii larvae on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body for control.

[0073] The entomopathogenic nematode is Steinernema carpocapsae, that is, a suspension of entomopathogenic nematodes prepared from Steinernema carpocapsae, with a concentration of 16,000 nematodes / ml.

[0074] The spraying dosage of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body and the soil surface is 40 liters / 667 square meters.

[0075] If the spraying is not complete at one time, the above-mentioned operation can be repeated until all the larvae are removed.

[0076] On the basis of controlling the larvae, if Drosophila suzukii adults appear from mid to late April to late July, hang the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone on the tree trunk 30 cm above the ground to trap and kill a large number of adults and reduce the insect population density in the forest land; the hanging density of the insect-trapping sticky board is 25 pieces per mu.

[0077] Specifically, the preparation method of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone (also called Drosophila viscose board) is as follows: First, prepare a waterproof paper with an area of about 20 cm × 40 cm, unfold it, and evenly coat a layer of mouse glue on the surface of the waterproof paper; then prepare a lure fly ketone solution with a mass concentration of 0.5%, and add 10 wt% of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract to the lure fly ketone solution to form a mixed solution. Spray the mixed solution evenly on the mouse glue (spray 4 ml of the mixed solution on each piece of waterproof paper), and it can be used after air drying.

[0078] The extraction method of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide: Take about 2 g of Ganoderma lucidum (commercially available product) powder under the forest, place it in a round-bottom flask, add 60 ml of water, let it stand for 1 hour, heat under reflux (97°C - 98°C) for 4 hours, filter while it is hot, wash the filter and the filter residue with a small amount of hot water, place the filter residue and the filter paper in the flask, add 60 ml of water, heat under reflux for 3 hours, filter while it is hot, combine the filtrates, evaporate to dryness on a water bath, dissolve the residue with 5 ml of water, slowly add 75 ml of ethanol dropwise while stirring, shake well, place it at 4°C for 12 hours, centrifuge, discard the supernatant, dissolve the precipitate with hot water and transfer it to a 50 ml volumetric flask, let it cool, add water to the scale, shake well, take an appropriate amount of the solution, centrifuge, accurately measure 3 ml of the supernatant and place it in a 25 ml volumetric flask, add water to the scale, shake well, and obtain the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract.

[0079] Example 3:

[0080] To detect the control effect of the control method in Example 2, the following test was conducted.

[0081] A larval control test was carried out on the white-headed Drosophila fly (Leucophenga albiceps), a pest of Ganoderma lucidum under forest.

[0082] Test time and location: Ganoderma lucidum base in Shunlong Village, Dasheng Town, Yubei District (the base is more than 200 mu. Ganoderma lucidum has been planted under forest since 2017. Before 2020, the pest damage was light and not taken seriously. Since 2021, the pest outbreak has occurred in the base), and the incidence rate of white-headed Drosophila fly is over 95%.

[0083] Test materials (divided into biological agents and chemical agents):

[0084] Biological agents: entomopathogenic nematodes, Beauveria bassiana, Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana·Bacillus subtilis, azadirachtin, spinetoram;

[0085] Test design: 8 treatments (specific treatment conditions are shown in Table 1), each treatment was repeated 3 times (taking the average value), and each trapping product was spaced 4 meters apart. The insect population reduction rate was investigated after 7 days. The calculation formulas for the insect population reduction rate and the control effect are as follows:

[0086]

[0087] Table 1 Control effect test of 8 different treatments

[0088]

[0089] As can be seen from Table 1, for Treatment 3, that is, the control effect (insect population reduction rate) of entomopathogenic nematodes is 84.7%, which is equivalent to that of spinetoram and significantly better than other biological agents.

[0090] An adult control test was carried out on the white-headed Drosophila fly (Leucophenga albiceps), a pest of Ganoderma lucidum under forest.

[0091] Test design: 9 treatments (specific treatment conditions are shown in Table 2), each treatment was repeated 3 times (taking the average value), and each trapping product was spaced 4 meters apart.

[0092] Table 2 Control effect test of insect trapping sticky board test with 9 different treatments

[0093]

[0094] As can be seen from Table 2, the self-made pheromone-containing insect trapping sticky board in Example 2 has the best trapping effect on adults.

[0095] Example 5:

[0096] Test Time and Location: Baiping Village, Dashun Town, Fuling District, Chongqing

[0097] a. Larval Control:

[0098] In early June, at the initial stage of Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body opening, when sporadic larval damage marks were found on the fruiting body (1 - 2 fecal piles on the fruiting body), use the water spraying system to spray water on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. The larvae will move to the worm hole due to lack of oxygen, and then turn off the water spraying system.

[0099] Prepare Steinernema nematodes into a biological bactericide with a concentration of 1.67 * 10 7 individuals / L, and then directly spray it on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body and the soil surface;

[0100] Four days after the first spraying of Steinernema nematodes, observe the larvae on the Ganoderma lucidum fruiting body. If new fecal piles are found on the fruiting body, repeat step a for the second larval prevention and control.

[0101] b. Adult Control

[0102] In early May, at the primordium stage of Ganoderma lucidum, hang the insect - attracting sticky board containing pheromone (prepared by the method in Example 2) on the tree trunk 20 cm above the ground, with 45 boards hung per mu. A large number of adults can be trapped and killed in 5 - 7 days, reducing the insect population density in the forest land;

[0103] Five to seven days after the first hanging of the Drosophila sticky board, observe the adult situation in the field and the adult situation on the sticky board. If adults are still observed in the field, continue to supplement new Drosophila sticky boards in the same way.

[0104] This experiment was carried out 3 times for larval control, which can effectively control the damage of Drosophila albopilosa to Ganoderma lucidum in the forest.

[0105] c. Yield Measurement of Ganoderma lucidum during Harvest Period

[0106] Set 50 fungus rods (2 kg per rod) in each plot. According to the randomized block experimental design, the plot area is 1.2 m × 8 m, and the management level in the forest is the same. In the middle and late August, harvest Ganoderma lucidum and weigh the fruiting body. The specific results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0107] Table 3:

[0108]

[0109] I, II, and III respectively represent 3 plots.

[0110] From the fruiting body yield and spore powder yield in the above table, it can be seen that the Ganoderma lucidum pests in the forest have been effectively controlled by this method.

[0111] The above-described embodiments merely represent the specific implementation manners of the present application. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the technical solution of the present application, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0112] This Background of the Invention is provided to generally present the context of the present invention. Work of the presently named inventors, to the extent it is described in this Background of the Invention, and aspects of the work described that were not part of the prior art as of the time of filing this application, are neither expressly nor impliedly admitted to be prior art to the present invention.

Claims

1. A two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila albomicans of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, characterized in that It includes the following steps: a. Control of larvae From the umbrella-opening stage of Ganoderma lucidum to the pre-powder-spraying stage, when there are traces of larval damage on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum, use the water spraying system to spray water on Ganoderma lucidum, so that the larvae move from the hiding points on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum to the insect holes due to lack of oxygen. Then spray the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the surface of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum and the soil. Do not spray water within 12 hours after spraying, and let the suspension of entomopathogenic nematodes infect the Drosophila larvae on the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum to control them; b. Control of adults From mid-to-late April to late July, if adults appear, hang the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone on the tree trunk above the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum to trap and kill the adults and reduce the insect population density in the forest land.

2. The two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step a, the concentration of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes is 16,000 nematodes / ml - 33,000 nematodes / ml.

3. The two-stage control method for the new pest of Drosophila suzukii in the forest understory Ganoderma lucidum as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step a, the entomopathogenic nematodes in the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes are Steinernema carpocapsae.

4. The two-stage control method for the new pest of Drosophila suzukii in Ganoderma lucidum under forest as described in claim 1, wherein In step a, the spraying dosage of the suspension containing entomopathogenic nematodes on the surface of the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum and the soil is 32 - 48 liters per 667 square meters.

5. The two-stage control method for the new pest of Drosophila albomicans in Ganoderma lucidum under forest as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step a, keep the relative air humidity at 80% - 90% during the control process of larvae.

6. The two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the hanging density of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is 50 - 60 pieces per mu; the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is hung on the tree trunk 10 - 30 cm above the fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum.

7. The two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest as claimed in claim 1, wherein, In step b, 5 - 7 days after the first hanging of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone, observe the situation of adults in the field and on the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone. If adults are still observed in the field, partially or completely replace the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone.

8. The two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the active components on the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone are a mixed solution of cue-lure with a mass concentration of 0.4 - 0.75% and 10% Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract.

9. The two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step b, the preparation method of the insect-trapping sticky board containing pheromone is: first prepare a waterproof paper of 20 cm × 40 cm, then evenly apply a layer of mouse glue on the surface of the waterproof paper; then evenly spray the mixed solution formed by the cue-lure solution with a mass concentration of 0.4 - 0.75% and 10% Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide extract on the mouse glue, and air-dry to obtain it.

10. A two-stage control method for the new pest Drosophila suzukii of Ganoderma lucidum under forest, as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, This method is also used to control the pest of Acrobasis formosana in Ganoderma lucidum under the forest.

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