Combined collecting agent for galena and application of combined collecting agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined collecting agent for galena and application of the combined collecting agent. The combined collecting agent comprises a benzene derivative containing amino / amido and phenolic hydroxyl and ethyl xanthate. The combined collecting agent comprises four combined types of 2-acetamido phenol and ethyl xanthate, 2-amino-4-methylphenol and ethyl xanthate, 2 '-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide and ethyl xanthate, and salicylamide and ethyl xanthate, has a good selective collecting effect on lead in preferential flotation, can effectively reduce mutual inclusion of lead and zinc, and has the advantages of being high in selectivity, high in recovery rate and high in recovery rate. And the dosage is low. By means of the combined collecting agent, flotation separation of galena and sphalerite is effectively achieved, the benzene derivative containing amino / amido and phenolic hydroxyl has a selective collecting effect on galena, meanwhile, the activation effect of inevitable ions on sphalerite is eliminated through chelation, the use amount of ethyl xanthate is reduced, and the flotation efficiency of galena and sphalerite is improved. The separation effect of the lead-zinc sulfide ore is improved, the utilization rate of lead-zinc metal resources is increased, and meanwhile the ore dressing cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a combined collector for galena and its application, belonging to the technical field of mineral processing. Background Art

[0002] Lead and zinc metals play an important role in the national economy and are widely used in fields such as electrical machinery, aerospace, chemical industry, and medical treatment. With the rapid development of the global economy, the market demand for lead and zinc metals is increasing continuously. Lead-zinc sulfide ores are an important source of lead and zinc metals, but the high-grade and easy-to-separate lead-zinc sulfide ores are decreasing year by year. At present, lead-zinc sulfide ores have problems such as low grade and complex dissemination relationship, resulting in difficulties in lead-zinc separation and further exacerbating the problem of mutual inclusion of lead and zinc concentrates.

[0003] The flotability of galena is greater than that of sphalerite, so in actual production, the "depressing zinc and floating lead" process is mainly used for lead-zinc separation. Due to the complex symbiotic relationship and fine dissemination particle size of galena and sphalerite, sphalerite is easily activated by lead ions dissolved from galena during the grinding process. Therefore, even if an effective inhibitor of sphalerite is added to the flotation system, it is difficult to avoid the problem of partial recovery of sphalerite by using collectors with strong collecting ability and low selectivity, such as xanthates, for the recovery of galena, resulting in excessive zinc content in lead concentrate and difficulty in meeting the subsequent production standards. Therefore, exploring a highly selective collector for galena during the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ores is of significant significance for improving lead-zinc separation indexes, increasing the utilization rate of lead-zinc metal resources, and enhancing the economic benefits of the concentrator. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a combined collector for galena in the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ores. The combined collector of the present invention is a benzene derivative containing amino / amine group and phenolic hydroxyl group and ethyl xanthate, and the mass ratio of the benzene derivative to ethyl xanthate is (2 - 3):1. The specific combined collectors are four combination types: 2-acetamidophenol and ethyl xanthate, 2-amino-4-methylphenol and ethyl xanthate, 2'-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide and ethyl xanthate, and salicylamide and ethyl xanthate. This combined collector has a good selective collecting effect on lead in preferential flotation, can effectively reduce the mutual inclusion of lead and zinc, and has a low dosage.

[0005] Another purpose of the present invention is also to provide an application of this combined collector in the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ores. The specific steps are as follows:

[0006] (1) The raw ore is crushed, ground, and then pulp is adjusted to obtain the pulp to be flotated.

[0007] (2) A combined inhibitor, a combined collector, and a foaming agent are sequentially added to the pulp to be flotated for lead flotation operation to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings.

[0008] (3) Activators, collectors, and frothers are sequentially added to the lead tailings for zinc flotation operation to obtain zinc concentrate and final tailings.

[0009] Step (1): Grind to a particle fineness where -0.074 mm accounts for 70% - 80%.

[0010] The lead flotation operation in step (2) includes one roughing, two scavengings, and two cleanings. The zinc flotation operation in step (3) includes one roughing, two scavengings, and two cleanings.

[0011] The reagents added in the first roughing of the lead flotation operation are a combined depressant, a combined collector, and a frother. The reagents added in the two scavengings are respectively a combined collector and a frother. Only the combined depressant is added in the two cleanings. Among them, the combined depressant is zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the frother is 2 # #2 oil. In the lead flotation operation, the total dosage of zinc sulfate is 1900 - 2000 g / t, the total dosage of sodium sulfite is 950 - 1000 g / t, the total dosage of the combined collector is 140 - 160 g / t, and the total dosage of #2 # #2 oil is 40 - 50 g / t.

[0012] The reagents added in the first roughing of the zinc flotation operation are an activator, a collector, and a frother. The reagents added in the two scavengings are all an activator, a collector, and a frother. No reagents are added in the two cleanings. Among them, the activator is copper sulfate, the collector is butyl xanthate, and the frother is 2 # #2 oil. In the zinc flotation operation, the total dosage of copper sulfate is 550 - 600 g / t, the total dosage of butyl xanthate is 150 - 190 g / t, and the total dosage of #2 # #2 oil is 50 - 60 g / t.

[0013] The principle of the present invention is as follows: The combined collector of the present invention includes a benzene derivative containing an amino (amine group) and a phenolic hydroxyl group and ethyl xanthate. The characteristic of the benzene derivative containing an amino (amine group) and a phenolic hydroxyl group is that the benzene ring is simultaneously connected with an amino group (-NH2) and a phenolic hydroxyl group (-OH), and some also contain an amide group (-CONH-) or an acetyl group (-COCH3). Therefore, this type of benzene derivative can form a stable chelate with the Pb site on the surface of galena through two electron donors, the O atom and the N atom, in space. This chelate has strong hydrophobicity and firmly adsorbs on the surface of galena, but has extremely weak action on sphalerite. Using the benzene derivative containing an amino (amine group) and a phenolic hydroxyl group ensures the grade of lead concentrate, and cooperating with a small amount of ethyl xanthate ensures the overall recovery rate of lead. On the other hand, the benzene derivative containing an amino (amine group) and a phenolic hydroxyl group can remove inevitable ions in the flotation system, such as Pb 2+ etc., weaken the activation effect on sphalerite, and help reduce the mutual inclusion degree of lead and zinc.

[0014] Compared with the traditional single collector in the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] (1) The combined collector for flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ores provided by the present invention and its application can achieve efficient separation of galena and sphalerite, reduce the mutual inclusion problem of lead-zinc concentrates to a certain extent, and improve the grade and recovery rate of the concentrates.

[0016] (2) The combined collector provided by the present invention is composed of a benzene derivative containing amino (amine group) and phenolic hydroxyl group and ethyl xanthate. This type of benzene derivative has the advantages of low price and stable properties. When it forms a combined collector with ethyl xanthate, the dosage of ethyl xanthate can be reduced while achieving more preferable ore indexes.

[0017] (3) The combined collector provided by the present invention is composed of a benzene derivative containing amino (amine group) and phenolic hydroxyl group and ethyl xanthate. When this benzene derivative is used for the flotation of galena, it has a selective collecting effect on galena and can also remove the influence of some heavy metal ions on the separation of lead and zinc, thereby deactivating sphalerite. Therefore, it can improve the mutual inclusion problem of galena and sphalerite concentrates within a certain range, further enhance the benefits of the concentrator and reduce the difficulty of subsequent metallurgy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the process flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the process flow chart of the comparative example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] Examples and Comparative Examples:

[0021] Raw materials: Tests were carried out on a low-grade lead-zinc sulfide ore from a certain place in Qinghai. The original ore contained 3.04% lead and 1.66% zinc. Among them, lead mainly existed in the form of galena, zinc mainly existed in the form of sphalerite, and gangue minerals included quartz, kaolin, calcite, etc.

[0022] The specific flotation steps of Examples 1-1 to 1-4 are as follows:

[0023] (1) The original ore was crushed, ground and then slurried to obtain the ore pulp to be floated, where the grinding fineness was -0.074mm accounting for 75%;

[0024] (2) Zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite as combined inhibitors, a combined collector, and foaming agent 2 # oil were added to the ore pulp to be floated for rough lead flotation to obtain rough lead flotation concentrate and rough lead flotation tailings;

[0025] (3) Add zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, the inhibitors, to the lead rougher concentrate in step (2) for the first lead cleaning stage. Then add zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, the inhibitors, to the concentrate produced in the first lead cleaning stage for the second lead cleaning stage to obtain the final lead concentrate. The middlings from the first and second lead cleaning stages are respectively returned to the lead rougher and the first lead cleaning stage in sequence to form a closed circuit. And add a combined collector and frother 2 # oil for the first lead scavenging stage; then add a combined collector and frother 2 # oil for the second lead scavenging stage. The tailings from the second lead scavenging stage are used as the feed for the zinc rougher. The concentrates from the first and second lead scavenging stages are respectively returned to the lead rougher and the first lead scavenging stage in sequence to form a closed circuit;

[0026] (4) Add copper sulfate, the activator, butyl xanthate, the collector, and frother 2 # oil to the tailings from the second lead scavenging stage in step (3) for zinc rougher flotation to obtain zinc rougher concentrate and tailings; conduct the first blank zinc cleaning stage on the zinc rougher concentrate. The concentrate produced in the first zinc cleaning stage is subjected to the second blank zinc cleaning stage to finally obtain zinc concentrate. The middlings from the first and second zinc cleaning stages are respectively returned to the zinc rougher and the first zinc cleaning stage in sequence to form a closed circuit; add copper sulfate, the activator, butyl xanthate, the collector, and frother 2 # oil to the tailings from the zinc rougher for the first zinc scavenging stage, and then add copper sulfate, the activator, butyl xanthate, the collector, and frother 2 # oil to the tailings from the first zinc scavenging stage for the second zinc scavenging stage. The resulting tailings are the final total tailings. The concentrates from the first and second zinc scavenging stages are respectively returned to the zinc rougher and the first zinc scavenging stage in sequence to form a closed circuit.

[0027] Examples 1-1, 1-2, 1-3, 1-4: In these four examples, four such combined collectors were respectively used for the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. Except for the different types of combined collectors, other reagents and steps were the same. The combined collector included the combination of 2-amino-4-methylphenol, 2'-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide, salicylamide, and 2-acetamidophenol with ethyl xanthate, and the mass ratio was 2:1. The flow chart is as Figure 1 shown, and its reagent regime and specific steps are shown in Table 1 and as follows:

[0028] The reagent regime is as shown in Table 1 below:

[0029] Table 1

[0030]

[0031] The test results are shown in Table 7.

[0032] Comparative Examples 1-5, 1-6:

[0033] As a comparative example of Examples 1-1 to 1-4, except that the type of collector in the lead separation stage is changed from a combined collector to a single collector, ethyl xanthate or 2-acetamidophenol, other conditions are the same as those in Example 1, and its flow chart is as shown in Figure 2 shown, and its reagent regime is shown in Table 2, and the process description is as follows.

[0034] Table 2: Reagent dosages for Comparative Examples 1-5 and 1-6 (where the single collector includes ethyl xanthate and 2-acetamidophenol)

[0035]

[0036] Comparative Examples 1-5 and 1-6: Using the conventional single collector ethyl xanthate or 2-acetamidophenol as the collector for galena to separate lead and zinc, the flow chart is as shown in Figure 2 shown, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0037] (1) The raw ore is crushed, ground and then slurried to obtain the ore pulp to be floated, where the grinding fineness is 75% passing -0.074 mm.

[0038] (2) Zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite as inhibitors, a single collector, and frother 2 # oil are sequentially added to the ore pulp for rough lead flotation to obtain rough lead concentrate and rough lead flotation tailings.

[0039] (3) Zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite as inhibitors are sequentially added to the rough lead concentrate in step (2) for the first rough lead cleaning, and then zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite as inhibitors are added to the concentrate produced from the first rough lead cleaning for the second rough lead cleaning to obtain the final lead concentrate. The middlings from the first and second rough lead cleanings are sequentially returned to the rough lead flotation and the first rough lead cleaning respectively to form a closed circuit. Then, a single collector and frother 2 # oil are added to the rough lead flotation tailings for the first lead scavenging, and a single collector and frother 2 # oil are added to the tailings from the first lead scavenging for the second lead scavenging to obtain the tailings from the second lead scavenging as the feed for the rough zinc flotation. The middlings from the first and second lead scavengings are sequentially returned to the rough lead flotation and the first lead scavenging respectively to form a closed circuit.

[0040] (4) Copper sulfate as an activator, butyl xanthate as a collector, and frother 2 # oil are sequentially added to the tailings from the second lead scavenging in step (3) for rough zinc flotation to obtain rough zinc concentrate and tailings. The rough zinc concentrate is subjected to the first blank zinc cleaning, and the concentrate produced from the first blank zinc cleaning is subjected to the second blank zinc cleaning to finally obtain zinc concentrate. The middlings from the first and second zinc cleanings are sequentially returned to the rough zinc flotation and the first zinc cleaning respectively to form a closed circuit. Copper sulfate as an activator, butyl xanthate as a collector, and frother 2 #The zinc scavenging I is carried out on the ore, and then copper sulfate as an activator, butyl xanthate as a collector and a foaming agent are added to the tailings of the zinc scavenging I for zinc scavenging II. The obtained tailings are the final total tailings. The middlings of the zinc scavenging I and II are respectively returned to the zinc roughing and the zinc scavenging I to form a closed circuit. The test results are shown in Table 7.

[0041] Examples 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4:

[0042] In these four examples, four kinds of this combined collector are respectively used for the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. Except that the total dosage of the combined collector increases and its mass ratio increases to (2.5:1) compared with Example 1, the dosages of other reagents and the steps are the same as those in Example 1. The flow chart is as Figure 1 shown. The reagent system is shown in Table 3, and the test results are shown in Table 7. Table 3: Reagent systems of Examples 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4 (where the combined collector includes the combination of 2-amino-4-methylphenol, 2'-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide, salicylamide and 2-acetamidophenol and ethyl xanthate, and the mass ratio is 2.5:1)

[0043]

[0044] Comparative Examples 2-5, 2-6:

[0045] As the comparative examples of Examples 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, the main difference is that the lead collector is changed from the combined collector to a single collector, ethyl xanthate or 2-acetamidophenol. The reagent dosages and the specific operations are the same as those in Example 2. The flow chart is shown in Figure 2 , and the reagent dosages are shown in Table 4, and the test results are shown in Table 7.

[0046] Table 4: Reagent systems of Comparative Examples 2-5, 2-6 (where the single collector includes ethyl xanthate and 2-acetamidophenol)

[0047]

[0048] Examples 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, 3-4:

[0049] In these four examples, four kinds of this combined collector are respectively used for the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. Except that the dosage of the combined collector in the lead flotation stage increases compared with Examples 1 and 2 and its mass ratio increases to (3:1), the dosages of other reagents and the specific steps are the same as those in Examples 1 and 2. The flow chart is as Figure 1 shown. The reagent system is shown in Table 5 (where the combined collector includes the combination of 2-amino-4-methylphenol, 2'-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide, salicylamide and 2-acetamidophenol and ethyl xanthate, and the mass ratio is 3:1), and the test results are shown in Table 7.

[0050] Table 5: Reagent systems for Examples 3-1, 3-2, 3-3, and 3-4

[0051]

[0052] Comparative Examples 3-5 and 3-6:

[0053] This example is used as a comparative example for Example 3. Except that the lead collector is changed from a combined collector to a single collector, ethyl xanthate or 2-acetamidophenol, the dosages of other reagents and the process steps are the same as those in Example 3. The flow chart is as shown in Figure 2 shown, and the reagent system is shown in Table 6 (where the single collector includes ethyl xanthate and 2-acetamidophenol), and the test results are shown in Table 7.

[0054] Table 6: Reagent systems for Comparative Examples 3-5 and 3-6

[0055]

[0056] The flotation test results are shown in the following table:

[0057] Table 7: Test results of examples and comparative examples

[0058]

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] Analysis of test results:

[0062] (1) According to the test results of Comparative Examples 1-5 and 1-6, 2-5 and 2-6, 3-5 and 3-6, it can be seen that after the flotation effects of single ethyl xanthate and single 2-acetamidophenol are compared respectively, the grade of lead concentrate of the latter is increased by at least 6.46% compared with the former, and the grades and recoveries of zinc concentrate in the lead concentrate are also decreased by up to 9.74% and 31.31% respectively under the condition of using single ethyl xanthate, indicating that 2-acetamidophenol has a selective collecting effect on galena and 2-acetamidophenol has a deactivation effect on sphalerite in the galena flotation stage, resulting in a decrease in the mutual inclusion degree of lead and zinc in the end;

[0063] (2) By comparing the test results of Examples 1-5, 2-5, and 3-5 with those of Examples 1, 2, and 3, it can be seen that when using this benzene derivative and ethyl xanthate as the combined collector for galena, the zinc concentrate grade in the lead concentrate is lower than 3%, and it is at least 8.08% lower compared to only using ethyl xanthate as the collector for galena. Moreover, the lead concentrate grade produced by Examples 1, 2, and 3 finally is increased by up to 8.01% compared to Comparative Examples 1-5, 2-5, and 3-5. Secondly, during the entire flotation process, the zinc concentrate grade produced by using the combined collector is increased by up to 5.75% compared to using a single ethyl xanthate. This indicates that under the selective collection effect of the combined collector on galena, the quality of the two final concentrate products has been improved, and the mutual inclusion degree of lead and zinc concentrates has been reduced, indicating that using the combined collector composed of this benzene derivative and ethyl xanthate has certain advantages compared to using ethyl xanthate as the collector during the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ore.

[0064] The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims

1. A combined collector for galena, characterized in that, The combined collector is a benzene derivative containing amino / amine group and phenolic hydroxyl group and ethyl xanthate, and the mass ratio of the benzene derivative to ethyl xanthate is (2-3):

1.

2. The combined collector for galena according to claim 1, wherein: The benzene derivative is 2-amino-4-methylphenol, 2'-hydroxy-5'-methylacetanilide, salicylamide or 2-acetamidophenol.

3. Use of the combined collector for galena according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that The combined collector is applied to the flotation separation of lead-zinc sulfide ore. The specific flotation steps are as follows: (1) The raw ore is crushed and ground and then slurried to obtain the ore pulp to be floated. (2) A combined inhibitor, a combined collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to the ore pulp to be floated for lead flotation operation to obtain lead concentrate and lead tailings. (3) An activator, a collector and a foaming agent are sequentially added to the lead tailings for zinc flotation operation to obtain zinc concentrate and the final tailings.

4. The application of the combined collector for galena according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the grinding is carried out until the particle fineness is -0.074mm accounting for 70%-80%.

5. The application of the combined collector for galena according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (2), the lead flotation operation includes one roughing, two scavengings and two cleanings. In step (3), the zinc flotation operation includes one roughing, two scavengings and two cleanings.

6. The application of the combined collector for galena according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reagents added in the first rough selection of the lead flotation operation are a combined inhibitor, a combined collector, and a foaming agent; the reagents added in the two scavenging selections are a combined collector and a foaming agent respectively, and only the combined inhibitor is added in the two cleaning selections; among them, the combined inhibitor is zinc sulfate and sodium sulfite, and the foaming agent is 2 # # oil. The total dosage of zinc sulfate in the lead flotation operation is 1900 - 2000 g / t, the total dosage of sodium sulfite is 950 - 1000 g / t, the total dosage of the combined collector is 140 - 160 g / t, and the total dosage of 2 # # oil is 40 - 50 g / t.

7. The application of the combined collector for galena according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reagents added in the first rough selection of the zinc flotation operation are activator, collector and frother. The reagents added in the two scavenging selections are all activator, collector and frother. No reagents are added in the two cleaning selections. Among them, the activator is copper sulfate, the collector is butyl xanthate, and the frother is 2 # #2 oil. The total consumption of copper sulfate in the zinc flotation operation is 550 - 600 g / t, the total consumption of butyl xanthate is 150 - 190 g / t, and the total consumption of 2 # #2 oil is 50 - 60 g / t.

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