Material detection mechanical sample preparation locking device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a material detection mechanical sample preparation locking device and a use method, the material detection mechanical sample preparation locking device comprises: a connecting part used for being cooperatively connected with a lathe; one end of the first fastener is connected with one end of the connecting part; the non-pointed end of the pointed-cone-shaped jacking piece is connected with the other end of the first fastening piece, and the pointed end of the pointed-cone-shaped jacking piece is used for jacking the sample; the second fastening piece can be movably connected with the first fastening piece in a matched mode, and a first channel is formed in the second fastening piece in a penetrating mode from one end to the other end; a second channel communicated with the first channel is formed in the table-cone-shaped locking piece in a penetrating mode from one end to the other end, the large end of the table-cone-shaped locking piece is connected with the other end of the second fastening piece, and a friction structure is arranged at the small end of the table-cone-shaped locking piece; and after the tip end of the pointed-cone-shaped jacking piece penetrates through the first channel and the second channel from one end of the second fastening piece, the second fastening piece is movably connected with the first fastening piece in a matched mode. Machining of all procedures can be achieved through one-time clamping, so that the machining efficiency is improved, and the machining precision is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of material testing mechanical specimen preparation, and particularly relates to a locking device and a usage method for material testing mechanical specimen preparation. Background Art

[0002] During the process of material testing, the material needs to be prepared into a specimen that meets the requirements of technical standards before the test. Specimen preparation is the premise for accurate material test data. During the specimen preparation process, especially for rotary specimens (such as cylindrical ones), CNC lathes have become the mainstream processing equipment in the industry due to their high precision and programmability. The CNC lathe controls the movement trajectory and cutting parameters of the tool through a preset program, and can achieve precise cutting and shaping of the specimen, effectively ensuring the geometric accuracy and surface quality of the specimen.

[0003] During the processing, the specimen is usually fixed on the workbench of the lathe through a clamping device. The clamping device mainly clamps the cylindrical surface of the specimen to ensure its stability during processing. However, the existing clamping methods are more cumbersome and inefficient when preparing certain specific-shaped or fully machined rotary specimens, especially when the clamping position of the specimen (i.e., the clamped part) itself is also the machining object. In this case, the operator has to first process the specimen to a certain extent, then stop the machine, disassemble the specimen, turn it around and re-clamp it in order to machine the originally clamped part. This process needs to be repeated many times, prolonging the specimen preparation cycle and reducing the overall processing efficiency. In addition, frequent stopping, clamping, and disassembling operations may also introduce additional errors, having an adverse impact on the final processing accuracy and specimen quality. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a locking device and a usage method for material testing mechanical specimen preparation, which can achieve the processing of all processes through one clamping, thereby improving the processing efficiency and ensuring the processing accuracy.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a locking device for material testing mechanical specimen preparation, comprising: A connecting part, which is used for connecting and cooperating with the lathe; A first fastener, one end of which is connected to one end of the connecting part; A tapered top tightener, the non-tip end of which is connected to the other end of the first fastener, and the tip end of which is used for tightly pressing the specimen; A second fastener that can be movably and cooperatively connected to the first fastener, and a first channel is provided through the second fastener from one end to the other end; A frustum-shaped locking member having a second channel provided therethrough from one end to the other end and communicating with the first channel. The large end of the frustum-shaped locking member is connected to the other end of the second fastener, and a friction structure is provided at the small end of the frustum-shaped locking member; After the tip of the tapered pressing member passes through the first channel and the second channel from one end of the second fastener, the second fastener is movably and cooperatively connected to the first fastener.

[0006] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the first fastener is a first cylindrical rod member having an external thread provided on its outer cylindrical surface, and an internal thread cooperating with the external thread is provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the first channel. The first fastener and the second fastener are connected by the cooperation of the external thread and the internal thread.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, a torsional force tool interface structure is provided on the outer surface of the second fastener.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the non-tip of the tapered pressing member is connected to the other end of the first fastener by a second cylindrical rod member, and the second cylindrical rod member can be in clearance fit with the second channel.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the total length of the second cylindrical rod member and the tapered pressing member is less than the total length of the second fastener and the frustum-shaped locking member.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the friction structure is a toothed structure provided at the small end of the frustum-shaped locking member.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the tapered pressing member and the frustum-shaped locking member have the same taper.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the taper of the tapered pressing member and the frustum-shaped locking member is 55° - 65°.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the first aspect, the connecting portion includes a third cylindrical rod member and a fourth cylindrical rod member. One end of the fourth cylindrical rod member is connected to one end of the third cylindrical rod member, and the other end of the fourth cylindrical rod member is connected to the other end of the first fastener. The diameter of the fourth cylindrical rod member is smaller than the diameters of the third cylindrical rod member and the first fastener.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of using a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing, comprising: Connect the connecting portion to the lathe in a mating manner; After passing the tip of the tapered tightening member through the first channel and the second channel from one end of the second fastener, movably connect the second fastener to the first fastener in a mating manner; Place the central hole at one end of the specimen blank against the tip of the tapered tightening member, and place the central hole at the other end of the specimen blank against the center tip of the lathe tailstock; Adjust the position of the second fastener relative to the first fastener so that the small end of the frustoconical locking member moves towards the end close to the specimen blank until the friction structure at the small end of the frustoconical locking member abuts against one end of the specimen blank, thereby achieving locking of the specimen blank.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing provided by the present invention is connected to the lathe workbench in a mating manner during use. After passing the tip of the tapered tightening member through the first channel and the second channel from one end of the second fastener, the second fastener is movably connected to the first fastener in a mating manner. Place the specimen blank on the lathe workbench so that the central hole at one end is aligned with the tip of the tapered tightening member, and the central hole at the other end is aligned with the center tip of the lathe tailstock. Then, push the specimen blank so that it contacts and is preliminarily positioned with the tip of the tapered tightening member. Adjust the position of the second fastener relative to the first fastener. As the second fastener moves, the friction structure at the small end of the frustoconical locking member gradually approaches one end of the specimen blank until it tightly contacts and abuts against the specimen blank. At this time, the specimen blank is firmly locked between the tapered tightening member and the center tip of the lathe tailstock. Since the specimen blank is locked and fixed through both end faces, the cylindrical surface of the specimen blank is not affected and will not interfere with the cutting tool during processing, solving the problem that the method requires repeated shutdowns and multiple clampings, improving the specimen preparation efficiency and consistency, and thus achieving the processing of all processes with a single clamping of the specimen blank. This device not only improves the processing efficiency and accuracy, but also reduces the number of shutdowns, clampings, and disassembly operations, reducing the labor intensity of the operator.

[0016] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following specific preferred embodiments are given, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the detailed description is as follows. Description of the Drawings

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to the present invention; Figure 2 Front view of the second fastener in a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1 - connecting part; 11 - third cylindrical rod; 12 - fourth cylindrical rod; 2 - first fastener; 3 - tapered tightening part; 4 - second fastener; 41 - first channel; 42 - torsional force tool interface structure; 5 - frustum-shaped locking part; 51 - second channel; 52 - friction structure; 6 - second cylindrical rod. Specific embodiments

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing. By optimizing the clamping structure, all processes of the specimen can be completed with one clamping, improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy. The locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing includes a connecting part 1, a first fastener 2, a tapered tightening part 3, a second fastener 4, and a frustum-shaped locking part 5. The connecting part 1 is used to cooperate with the lathe for connection. One end of the first fastener 2 is connected to one end of the connecting part 1, the non-tip end of the tapered tightening part 3 is connected to the other end of the first fastener 2, and the tip of the tapered tightening part 3 is used to tighten the specimen. The second fastener 4 can be movably connected to the first fastener 2, and the second fastener 4 is provided with a first channel 41 penetrating from one end to the other end. The frustum-shaped locking part 5 is provided with a second channel 51 penetrating from one end to the other end and communicating with the first channel 41. The large end of the frustum-shaped locking part 5 is connected to the other end of the second fastener 4, and the small end of the frustum-shaped locking part 5 is provided with a friction structure 52. After the tip of the tapered tightening part 3 passes through the first channel 41 and the second channel 51 from one end of the second fastener 4, the second fastener 4 is movably connected to the first fastener 2.

[0022] Specifically, the connecting portion 1 is designed to have a shape and size matching the interface of the lathe workbench, ensuring that it can be stably installed on the lathe workbench. One end of the first fastener 2 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting portion 1 by welding or integral molding. The main body portion of the first fastener 2 is designed to be cylindrical, facilitating movable cooperation with the second fastener 4. The non-tip portion of the tapered tightening member 3 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first fastener 2 by welding or integral molding. The tip portion of the tapered tightening member 3 is designed to be conical so as to be able to tighten the central hole of the specimen. The second fastener 4 is designed to be cylindrical, and a first channel 41 is provided through the interior thereof, allowing the tapered tightening member 3 to pass through. The frustum-shaped locking member 5 is provided with a second channel 51 communicating with the first channel 41 through the interior from one end to the other end, ensuring that the tapered tightening member 3 can pass through smoothly. The large end of the frustum-shaped locking member 5 is fixedly connected to the other end of the second fastener 4 by welding or integral molding. A friction structure 52 is provided at the small end of the frustum-shaped locking member 5 to increase the frictional force with the specimen blank, achieving reliable locking.

[0023] When a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing is in use, first, the connecting portion 1 is cooperatively connected with the lathe workbench. Then, after the tip of the tapered tightening member 3 passes through the first channel 41 and the second channel 51 from one end of the second fastener 4, the second fastener 4 is connected to the first fastener 2 through a movable cooperation mechanism, ensuring that the two can move relative to each other. The specimen blank is placed on the lathe workbench, with the central hole at one end aligned with the tip of the tapered tightening member 3 and the central hole at the other end aligned with the lathe tailstock center. Then, the specimen blank is pushed so that it contacts the tip of the tapered tightening member 3 and is preliminarily positioned. The position of the second fastener 4 relative to the first fastener 2 is adjusted, and relative movement between the two is achieved through the movable cooperation mechanism. As the second fastener 4 moves, the friction structure 52 at the small end of the frustum-shaped locking member 5 gradually approaches one end of the specimen blank until it tightly contacts and presses against the specimen blank. At this time, the specimen blank is firmly locked between the tapered tightening member 3 and the lathe tailstock center. After confirming that the specimen blank is firmly locked, the lathe is started for machining. According to the preset program and cutting parameters, the lathe cuts and shapes the specimen blank through the tool. Since the specimen blank is locked and fixed through both end faces, the cylindrical surface of the specimen blank is not affected, and there will be no interference with the tool during machining, solving the problem that the method requires repeated shutdowns and multiple clampings, improving the specimen preparation efficiency and consistency, that is, achieving the processing of all processes with a single clamping of the specimen blank. This device not only improves the processing efficiency and processing accuracy but also reduces the number of shutdowns, clampings, and disassembly operations, reducing the labor intensity of the operator.

[0024] In one realizable manner, the first fastener 2 is a first cylindrical rod member with external threads provided on its outer cylindrical surface. Internal threads that mate with the external threads are provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the first channel 41. The first fastener 2 and the second fastener 4 are connected by the mating of the external threads and the internal threads.

[0025] That is to say, the first fastener 2 is designed as a first cylindrical rod member with external threads provided on its outer cylindrical surface, and the second fastener 4 is designed as a cylinder with a first channel 41 penetrating through its interior. Internal threads that mate with the external threads are provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the first channel 41. Thus, the second fastener 4 and the first fastener 2 achieve threaded mating connection. By rotating the first fastener 2, the relative position between it and the second fastener 4 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the locking force on the specimen blank, facilitating quick adjustment and achieving thread self-locking.

[0026] In one realizable manner, as Figure 2 shown, on the basis of the second fastener 4 maintaining the original first channel 41 penetrating through its interior, a torsional force tool interface structure 42 is added to its outer surface, enabling an operator to conveniently engage a torsional force tool (such as a wrench, a ratchet wrench, etc.) on the torsional force tool interface structure 42, thereby applying a torsional force to the second fastener 4 and realizing the adjustment of the relative position between it and the first fastener 2.

[0027] Specifically, the torsional force tool interface structure 42 is designed to have a shape and size that match common torsional force tools. Exemplarily, in this embodiment, the torsional force tool interface structure 42 adopts a hexagonal structure, that is, six equilateral and equiangular planes are formed on its outer surface, and these planes match the six corresponding tooth grooves of the torsional force tool to ensure stable transmission of the torsional force.

[0028] When it is necessary to adjust the position of the second fastener 4 relative to the first fastener 2, the operator first engages the torsional force tool on the torsional force tool interface structure 42 to avoid slippage when applying the torsional force. Then, the operator rotates the torsional force tool to apply a torsional force to the second fastener 4. Since the second fastener 4 and the first fastener 2 are connected by threaded mating, rotating the second fastener 4 will cause it to move along the axial direction relative to the first fastener 2.

[0029] In one realizable manner, the non-tip end of the tapered top member 3 is connected to the other end of the first fastener 2 by a second cylindrical rod member 6, and the second cylindrical rod member 6 can have a clearance fit with the second channel 51. The tapered top member 3 is designed as a cylinder with a sharp tip, and its non-tip part is connected to one end of the second cylindrical rod member 6. This design enables the tapered top member 3 to be conveniently inserted into the central hole of the specimen blank and apply a uniform top force to the specimen blank through its sharp tip.

[0030] In one achievable manner, the total length of the second cylindrical rod member 6 and the tapered tip pressing member 3 is less than the total length of the second fastener 4 and the tapered locking member 5. On the premise of ensuring the cooperation between the second fastener 4 and the first fastener 2, the friction structure 52 at the small end of the tapered locking member 5 can be pressed against the end face of the specimen blank, thereby ensuring the stable clamping of the specimen blank.

[0031] In one achievable manner, the friction structure 52 is a tooth-shaped structure provided at the small end of the tapered locking member 5. Specifically, the tooth-shaped structure presents a series of uniformly distributed convex teeth. Exemplarily, the tooth-shaped structure can be triangular. It should be noted that the distribution of the tooth-shaped structure should ensure that it can contact the end face of the specimen blank evenly and effectively during the locking process, so as to provide a stable locking force. When the tapered locking member 5 gradually approaches the specimen blank, the tooth-shaped structure first contacts the end face of the specimen blank. As the locking force increases, the tooth-shaped structure and the end face of the specimen blank form a frictional interlock to prevent the specimen blank from moving during the processing.

[0032] In one achievable manner, the tapered tip pressing member 3 and the tapered locking member 5 have the same taper. The consistency of the taper can ensure the stability of the specimen blank during the processing, help reduce the processing error, and improve the processing accuracy.

[0033] Preferably, the taper of the tapered tip pressing member 3 and the tapered locking member 5 is 55° - 65°. Exemplarily, the taper of the tapered tip pressing member 3 and the tapered locking member 5 is 60°.

[0034] In one achievable manner, the connecting portion 1 includes a third cylindrical rod member 11 and a fourth cylindrical rod member 12. One end of the fourth cylindrical rod member 12 is connected to one end of the third cylindrical rod member 11, and the other end of the fourth cylindrical rod member 12 is connected to the other end of the first fastener 2. The diameter of the fourth cylindrical rod member 12 is smaller than the diameters of the third cylindrical rod member 11 and the first fastener 2.

[0035] That is to say, the diameter of the fourth cylindrical rod member 12 is smaller than the diameters of the third cylindrical rod member 11 and the first fastener 2. This design forms a transition section in the structure. The diameter difference is beneficial to facilitating the machining of the external thread on the first fastener 2 while maintaining the overall structural strength. Exemplarily, the third cylindrical rod member 11 is connected to the chuck on the lathe.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for using a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing is provided, specifically as follows: Connect the third cylindrical rod member 11 of the connecting portion 1 to the chuck of the lathe or other connecting mechanisms for a secure installation. Place the specimen blank on the lathe workbench, align the central hole at one end with the tip of the tapered tightening member 3, and align the central hole at the other end with the lathe tailstock center. Push the specimen blank to make it contact the tip of the tapered tightening member 3 for preliminary positioning. Use a torsional force tool (such as a wrench, ratchet wrench, etc.) to engage with the torsional force tool interface structure 42 of the second fastener 4, and apply a torsional force to the second fastener 4 by rotating the torsional force tool, so that it moves along the axis relative to the first fastener 2. As the second fastener 4 moves, the friction structure 52 at the small end of the tapered locking member 5 gradually approaches one end of the specimen blank until it tightly contacts and presses against the specimen blank. At this time, the specimen blank is firmly locked between the tapered tightening member 3 and the lathe tailstock center. After confirming that the specimen blank is firmly locked, start the lathe for machining. According to the preset program and cutting parameters, the lathe cuts and shapes the specimen blank with a tool. After the machining is completed, stop the machine and wait for the lathe to completely stop running, then remove the machined specimen from the lathe workbench.

[0037] In one embodiment, the third cylindrical rod member 11, the fourth cylindrical rod member 12, the first fastener 2, the second cylindrical rod member 6, and the tapered tightening member 3 are integrally milled and formed using a cylindrical rod. The length of the third cylindrical rod member 11 is 49 mm, the diameter of the third cylindrical rod member 11 is 15 mm, the length of the fourth cylindrical rod member 12 is 3 mm, the length of the first fastener 2 is 15 mm, the external thread on the outer cylindrical surface of the first fastener 2 is M12, the total length of the second cylindrical rod member 6 and the tapered tightening member 3 is 13 mm, the diameter of the second cylindrical rod member 6 is 6 mm, and the taper of the tapered tightening member 3 is 60°. Similarly, the second fastener 4 and the tapered locking member 5 are integrally milled and formed using a cylindrical rod. The length of the second fastener 4 is 12 mm, the total length of the second fastener 4 and the tapered locking member 5 is 18 mm, the small end diameter of the tapered locking member 5 is 8 mm, the taper of the tapered locking member 5 is 60°, the diameter of the second channel 51 is 6.5 mm, and the internal thread in the second channel 51 is M12.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0039] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "connected" and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communicable with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0042] In the present invention, terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementation manners of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting it. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any person skilled in the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or can easily think of changes, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims described.

Claims

1. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing, characterized in that, Comprising: A connecting part (1) for mating connection with a lathe; A first fastener (2) with one end connected to one end of the connecting part (1); A tapered tip tightening part (3) with its non-tip end connected to the other end of the first fastener (2), and the tip of the tapered tip tightening part (3) for tightening a specimen; A second fastener (4) capable of being movably and matingly connected with the first fastener (2), and having a first channel (41) running through it from one end to the other; A stepped tapered locking part (5) having a second channel (51) running through it from one end to the other and communicating with the first channel (41), with the large end of the stepped tapered locking part (5) connected to the other end of the second fastener (4), and a friction structure (52) provided at the small end of the stepped tapered locking part (5); After the tip of the tapered tip tightening part (3) passes through the first channel (41) and the second channel (51) from one end of the second fastener (4), the second fastener (4) is movably and matingly connected with the first fastener (2).

2. The locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 1, wherein The first fastener (2) is a first cylindrical rod with external threads provided on its outer cylindrical surface, and internal threads mating with the external threads are provided on the inner cylindrical surface of the first channel (41), and the first fastener (2) and the second fastener (4) are connected by the mating of the external threads and the internal threads.

3. The locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 2, wherein A torsional force tool interface structure (42) is provided on the outer surface of the second fastener (4).

4. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-tip end of the tapered tip tightening part (3) is connected to the other end of the first fastener (2) by a second cylindrical rod (6), and the second cylindrical rod (6) can have a clearance fit with the second channel (51).

5. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The total length of the second cylindrical rod (6) and the tapered tip tightening part (3) is less than the total length of the second fastener (4) and the stepped tapered locking part (5).

6. The locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The friction structure (52) is a toothed structure provided at the small end of the stepped tapered locking part (5).

7. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tapered tip tightening part (3) and the stepped tapered locking part (5) have the same taper.

8. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The taper of the tapered tip tightening part (3) and the stepped tapered locking part (5) is 55° - 65°.

9. A locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting part (1) includes a third cylindrical rod (11) and a fourth cylindrical rod (12), with one end of the fourth cylindrical rod (12) connected to one end of the third cylindrical rod (11), and the other end of the fourth cylindrical rod (12) connected to the other end of the first fastener (2), and the diameter of the fourth cylindrical rod (12) is smaller than the diameters of the third cylindrical rod (11) and the first fastener (2).

10. The usage method of a locking device for preparing a mechanical specimen for material testing according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Comprising: Matingly connecting the connecting part (1) with a lathe; After the tip of the tapered tip tightening part (3) passes through the first channel (41) and the second channel (51) from one end of the second fastener (4), movably and matingly connecting the second fastener (4) with the first fastener (2); The center hole at one end of the specimen blank is abutted against the tip of the conical tightening member (3), and the center hole at the other end of the specimen blank is abutted against the center point of the lathe tailstock. Adjust the position of the second fastener (4) relative to the first fastener (2) so that the small end of the tapered locking member (5) moves towards the end close to the specimen blank until the friction structure (52) at the small end of the tapered locking member (5) abuts tightly against one end of the specimen blank, thereby achieving the locking of the specimen blank.

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