An automatic sample grinding device for metallographic testing of white copper

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for metallographic testing, specifically an automatic grinding device for cupronickel metallographic testing samples, comprising: a housing, a base plate, a reversing mechanism, an upper grinding mechanism, a lower pressing mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a connecting mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and a control module; the lower grinding mechanism is set inside the rectangular housing, and the lower pressing mechanism, which can be adjusted and maintain its adjusted position, enables the change of the position of the connecting mechanism; the reversible reversing mechanism, in conjunction with the upper grinding mechanism, can adjust the pressure and grinding speed, and the left and right sides can work independently, achieving better sample grinding and a better grinding effect; furthermore, this application also has the advantages of increasing the grinding speed of large batches of cupronickel samples under stable operation, simple operation, and reduced equipment use and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for metallographic testing, and in particular to an automatic sample grinding device for metallographic testing of cupronickel. Background Technology

[0002] Nickel cupronickel is a copper-based alloy with nickel as the main element and other elements present. It has a white metallic luster, hence the name nickel cupronickel. Nickel cupronickel has excellent corrosion resistance and is easy to shape, process and weld. It is widely used in shipbuilding, chemical, petroleum, power, precision instruments, medical devices, musical instruments and other industries. After the internal element ratio of nickel cupronickel is adjusted, it will also have special electrochemical properties and can be used to make resistive elements, thermocouple materials and compensating wires.

[0003] Structurally, oxygen and nickel in cupronickel can form a dotted Ni-NiO eutectic structure (containing about 0.24% oxygen). When the NiO content continues to increase, cupronickel alloys will exhibit cold brittleness, that is, cracks, surface blistering, and other phenomena will occur, leading to product failure, performance degradation, or even dangerous situations. Therefore, in large-scale production, especially in special industries, it is necessary to continuously sample and measure the metallographic structure of cupronickel alloys during the production process to ensure the stability of products in special industries.

[0004] In the existing process of testing cupronickel samples, the samples first need to be coarsely ground to create a flat surface, followed by fine polishing. During coarse grinding, water and fine-grained polishing paste are typically used to assist in polishing, resulting in a smoother surface. Fine grinding uses a velvet polishing disc and is protected with acid washing and reducing gases until the surface is scratch-free. Existing polishing and grinding equipment has limited effectiveness and still requires manual grinding, where the sample is held by hand. This method is inefficient, especially when testing large batches of samples. The limited number of available personnel and the high experience required further contribute to the low efficiency. While some existing automated grinding equipment can meet the requirements of this experiment, it is expensive, has a limited capacity (requiring fewer samples per cycle), is unsuitable for the company's needs, and has high repair costs after malfunctions, requiring specialized personnel from the grinding equipment company for troubleshooting. This slow repair process can delay testing. Therefore, a laboratory-specific device for grinding large batches of cupronickel samples is needed to address these issues, improve grinding speed, and reduce costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide an automatic grinding device for metallographic testing of cupronickel samples that effectively improves the grinding speed of large batches of cupronickel samples, is easy to operate, reduces equipment usage and maintenance costs, and has good stability.

[0006] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] An automatic grinding device for metallographic testing of cupronickel samples includes: a housing, a base plate, a reversing mechanism, an upper grinding mechanism, a lower pressing mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a lower grinding mechanism, a connecting mechanism, a positioning mechanism, and a control module;

[0008] The box body is rectangular in shape. The bottom plate is set on the inner wall near the lower end of the box body. The middle of the box body is divided into two spaces on the left and right, and the upper end is open. A lower grinding mechanism is connected to each of the two spaces on the left and right sides of the box body. The lower grinding mechanism is used to generate rotation to realize the grinding process. Its structure can be replaced by existing benchtop grinding equipment, or the structure can be redesigned.

[0009] The reversing mechanism includes a reversing shaft and a support base. The reversing shaft is rotatably connected to the middle position of the housing. A connecting seat is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reversing shaft extending above the housing. Two connecting grooves are symmetrically opened on the front and rear sides of the connecting seat. The two ends of the support base are fixedly connected to the corresponding housing below the bottom plate. A reversing motor is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support base. The upper end of the reversing motor is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reversing shaft.

[0010] The upper grinding mechanism includes two connecting brackets symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting seat without connecting grooves. The ends of the connecting brackets are slidably connected to the corresponding sides of the connecting grooves. A suspension block with an arc shape and a T-shaped cross-section is fixedly connected to the upper end of each connecting bracket. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the end of each connecting bracket away from the reversing mechanism. A grinding frame is fixedly connected to the lower end of each drive motor. A pressure adjusting rod is provided on both sides of the middle position of the grinding frame. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of each pressure adjusting rod. A spring is movably sleeved on the pressure adjusting rod between the pressure plate and the grinding frame.

[0011] The pressing mechanism includes a limiting sleeve, which is symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the housing. One end of the pressure adjusting arm is slidably connected inside the limiting sleeve. The upper end of the pressure adjusting arm is bent toward the middle of the upper end of the housing. A semi-annular guide seat is fixedly connected to the upper end of each pressure adjusting arm. A T-shaped groove is opened in the middle of the lower surface of each guide seat. The suspension block is slidably connected to the T-shaped groove on the guide seat.

[0012] The adjustment mechanism includes a servo motor, a mounting block, a drive gear, and a toothed groove. The servo motor is symmetrically fixedly connected to the housing on both sides of each limiting sleeve. A drive gear is fixedly connected to the end of the servo motor. The mounting block is fixedly connected to the housing at the upper end of the servo motor. An adjustment shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting block. A transmission gear is fixedly connected to both ends of each adjustment shaft. A drive gear is fixedly connected to the middle part of each adjustment shaft. The toothed grooves are equidistantly opened on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure regulating arm away from the housing. The drive gear meshes with the toothed grooves.

[0013] A grinding turntable is provided at the upper end of the lower grinding mechanism;

[0014] The connecting mechanism includes a limiting frame and a pressing air cushion. The upper surfaces of the middle positions on both sides of the limiting frame are respectively fixedly connected to mating seats. The mating seats are connected to the connecting grinding frame through connecting pins. The limiting frame is provided with threaded holes at equal intervals around its perimeter. The threaded holes are threaded with positioning screws. The pressing air cushion is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate.

[0015] The positioning mechanism includes a vertical block, a transmitting probe A, a mating probe A, a mating probe B, and a transmitting probe B. The vertical block is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of the middle position of each guide seat. The transmitting probe A is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the vertical block facing the reversing shaft. The mating probe A is fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the reversing shaft. The mating probe B is fixedly connected to the two side surfaces of the connecting seat near the upper end. The transmitting probe B is fixedly connected to the surface of each guide seat facing the connecting seat.

[0016] Optionally, the lower grinding mechanism further includes a mounting cover A, a connecting frame, a grinding motor, a grinding turntable, a support arm, a guide ring, and a pressure sensor. The mounting cover A is fixedly connected to the left and right spaces of the housing, and the lower end of the mounting cover A is open. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cover A near the lower end. The grinding motor is fixedly connected to the connecting frame. The support arm is fixedly connected in a ring array to the outer surface of the mounting cover A near the upper end. The lower end of the guide ring is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support arm. The grinding turntable is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide ring. The end of the output shaft of the grinding motor is fixedly connected to the middle of the grinding turntable. The grinding turntable is respectively connected to the lower end of the limiting frame.

[0017] Optionally, when the voltage regulating arm rises to its highest position, the transmitting probe A and the cooperating probe A on both sides correspond to each other, and when the voltage regulating arm rises to its highest position, the cooperating probe B and the transmitting probe B on both sides are at the same horizontal height.

[0018] Optionally, it also includes a metering pump, which is respectively located at the lower outer corner of the four corners of the housing. The output end of the metering pump is connected to a conduit, which is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the four corners of the housing. The upper end of the conduit is fixedly connected to a nozzle, and the nozzle outlet faces the grinding disc.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes sewage pipes, which are respectively installed on one side of the lower end of each of the two spaces in the tank.

[0020] Optionally, a protective shell is also included, which is fixedly connected to the corresponding housing surface at the adjustment mechanism.

[0021] Optionally, it also includes a mounting cover B, which is fixedly connected to the base plate corresponding to the lower end of the commutator shaft, and the commutator motor is disposed inside the mounting cover B.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes guide strips and guide grooves. The guide strips are symmetrically fixedly connected to the surfaces at the middle position on both sides of the housing. The guide grooves are respectively opened on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure regulating arm near the housing. The guide strips are slidably connected to the guide grooves on the corresponding sides.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes guide sleeves, which are U-shaped and are symmetrically fixed to the upper ends of the middle positions on both sides of the housing. The pressure regulating arm is slidably connected to the middle of the guide sleeve.

[0024] This automatic grinding device for copper metallographic testing employs a partitioned structure to perform two important processes—rough and fine grinding—on a large number of existing samples. The integrated design of the central section ensures precise positioning during changes in location. Samples can be replaced when the upper grinding mechanism rotates to the center of the housing or when the grinding position is raised, enabling continuous grinding. By adjusting the rotation speed and the amount of grinding aid added, manual operation is reduced, allowing a single device to replace the work of multiple grinding personnel. Adjustments are convenient, and by changing the water flow rate or adding different diameter grinding aids, multiple grinding processes can be combined into one, eliminating the need for personnel to carry samples between multiple grinding machines and significantly improving the efficiency of grinding workers.

[0025] The automatic grinding device has a rotary motor whose speed can be adjusted independently, and separate motor structures are set on both sides, one above the other. This allows different grinding requirements to be met by changing the rotation speed, and can handle different hardness of white copper at different ratios. The servo motors on the same side are driven by the same module, which increases the driving force and makes the lifting process on one side more stable.

[0026] Compared with existing semi-automatic and automatic grinding equipment, this automatic grinding device for copper metallographic testing has significantly reduced costs and makes it easier to repair faults during subsequent use, thus greatly reducing operating costs. At the same time, it can meet the needs of grinding large batches of copper samples, improving grinding speed and reducing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure after the protective shell has been removed, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the box provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reversing mechanism structure provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the upper grinding mechanism structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of some component structures provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0033] Figure 7 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0035] Reference numerals: 1. Housing; 2. Base plate; 3. Reversing mechanism; 31. Reversing shaft; 32. Connecting seat; 33. Connecting slide; 34. Reversing motor; 35. Support seat; 4. Upper grinding mechanism; 41. Connecting bracket; 42. Suspension block; 43. Drive motor; 44. Grinding frame; 45. Pressure adjusting rod; 46. Pressure plate; 47. Spring; 5. Lower pressing mechanism; 51. Limiting sleeve; 52. Pressure adjusting arm; 53. Guide seat; 54. T-slot; 6. Adjusting mechanism; 61. Servo motor; 62. Drive gear; 63. Mounting block; 64. Adjusting shaft; 65. Transmission gear; 66. Drive gear; 67. Gear groove; 7. Lower grinding mechanism; 71. 72. Mounting cover A; 73. Connecting frame; 74. Grinding motor; 75. Grinding turntable; 76. Support arm; 77. Guide ring; 78. Pressure sensor; 89. Connecting mechanism; 80. Limiting frame; 81. Mating seat; 82. Connecting pin; 83. Threaded hole; 84. Positioning screw; 85. Pressing air cushion; 90. Positioning mechanism; 91. Vertical block; 92. Transmitting probe A; 93. Mating probe A; 94. Mating probe B; 95. Transmitting probe B; 10. Metering pump; 11. Conduit; 12. Guide strip; 13. Nozzle; 14. Sewage pipe; 15. Protective shell; 16. Mounting cover B; 17. Guide sleeve; 18. Control module; 19. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] To better understand the technical solutions presented in the embodiments of this application, the working process of sample grinding for existing cupronickel metallographic testing will first be introduced.

[0038] Existing metallographic grinding equipment uses a grinding device where a motor directly drives the grinding wheel. Users hold the copper alloy sample by hand and grind it. After grinding, the sandpaper or grinding wheel is replaced for continued grinding. This process requires manual handling. While some automated grinding equipment exists, it is relatively small and can only grind a limited number of copper samples at a time. Manual replacement is still necessary. In some specialized industries, dozens of samples may be transported in a single batch. Existing equipment is far from meeting the grinding needs of copper and other metal samples. Therefore, existing precision equipment needs to be redesigned to address these issues, meet practical requirements, and improve the speed of metallographic testing.

[0039] Please see Figures 1 to 8The present application discloses an automatic grinding device for metallographic testing of cupronickel samples, comprising: a housing 1, a base plate 2, a reversing mechanism 3, an upper grinding mechanism 4, a lower pressing mechanism 5, an adjusting mechanism 6, a lower grinding mechanism 7, a connecting mechanism 8, a positioning mechanism 9, and a control module 18. Through this modular and separate design, the functions of the device components are made clearer, ensuring that effective grinding can be achieved with the single movement of different components, and making subsequent maintenance simpler.

[0040] The rectangular structure of the box 1 facilitates placement inside the laboratory, making better use of space. The bottom plate 2 is set on the inner wall near the lower end of the box 1, so that the bottom is a certain space from the ground and does not directly touch the ground, avoiding moisture at the bottom and affecting the lifespan. The middle of the box 1 is set with two spaces on the left and right, with an open top, to support the fine grinding and rough grinding steps respectively. The left and right spaces of the box 1 are each connected to a lower grinding mechanism 7. The two lower grinding mechanisms 7 can be equipped with grinding discs of different grits. One is used for rough grinding to remove scratches, rust, etc. on the sample surface, and the other is used for polishing to fully expose the internal metallographic structure. The separate operation allows for simultaneous working processes, improving the grinding speed.

[0041] The reversing mechanism 3 includes a reversing shaft 31 and a support base 35. The reversing shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the middle of the housing 1. Its central location provides more stable support, reduces the extra area occupied when driving the upper components, and provides a central connection, bringing the installation distance between the upper components closer. A connecting seat 32 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the reversing shaft 31 extending above the housing 1. The connecting seat 32 is a square-section strip structure fixed to the outer surface of the reversing shaft 31. Two symmetrical connecting grooves 33 are provided on the front and rear sides of the connecting seat 32 for connection and guidance. The support base 35 is fixedly connected at both ends to the corresponding housing 1 below the base plate 2, providing connection and support. It can be removed during subsequent maintenance to allow the reversing motor 34 of the lower components to be taken out. Meanwhile, the bottom plates 2 on both sides are supported to improve the stability. A reversing motor 34 is fixedly connected to the middle position of the support base 35. The upper end of the reversing motor 34 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the reversing shaft 31. In use, the angle of a single rotation of the reversing motor 34 is set to 90 degrees, that is, driving the reversing shaft 31 to rotate 90 degrees, so that the connecting slide 33 also rotates 90 degrees in one direction at a time. If a rotation of 180 degrees is required in the continuous grinding process without the need for sample placement, it is achieved by rotating two 90-degree rotations in succession. In actual use, a geared servo motor is preferred, or it is connected in conjunction with a gear reduction structure to improve the stability during the turning process. Since the reversing shaft 31 is rotatably connected to the middle of the housing 1, the reversing motor 34 does not bear the pressure at the upper end, but only provides drive for the rotation direction.

[0042] The upper grinding mechanism 4 includes connecting brackets 41, one end of which is bent downwards to form an installation position, which helps with stability after installation. Two connecting brackets 41 are provided, allowing for symmetrical installation of two sets of structures, forming a connection base for fine and rough grinding. The connecting brackets 41 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the connecting seat 32 where the connecting groove 33 is not provided. The ends of the connecting brackets 41 are slidably connected to the corresponding sides of the connecting groove 33. The ends of the connecting brackets 41 are connected to the connecting seat 32 by connecting to the connecting grooves 33 on both sides. A suspension block 42 with an arc shape and a T-shaped cross-section is fixedly connected to the upper end of the connecting bracket 41. This suspension block 42 can achieve ring rotation and connection. A drive motor 43 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting bracket 41 away from the reversing mechanism 3. The drive motor 43 is located at the downward-bent installation position of the connecting bracket 41, driving... The lower end of the motor 43 is fixedly connected to the grinding frame 44, which is lightweight. A bearing or other structure can be added to the connection between the two to increase the load-bearing capacity. Adjusting rods 45 are provided on both sides of the middle position of the grinding frame 44. The adjusting rods 45 can be moved up and down by the nuts on them, so as to drive the pressure plate 46 to rise and fall to increase the force applied to the top of the sample. The lower end of the adjusting rod 45 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 46. A spring 47 is movably sleeved on the adjusting rod 45 between the pressure plate 46 and the grinding frame 44. The pressure plate 46 is used to adapt to the components in the connecting mechanism 8 to support the top of the clamped sample and maintain the stability after installation. By adjusting the nuts on the adjusting rod 45, the spring 47 can be compressed to increase its elastic resistance and form internal stress, which helps to improve the stability and connection firmness of the sample clamping.

[0043] The pressing mechanism 5 includes limiting sleeves 51, which are symmetrically fixedly connected to both sides of the housing 1. One end of each pressure regulating arm 52 is slidably connected within the limiting sleeves 51. The pressure regulating arms 52 can achieve directional lifting and lowering under the constraint of the two limiting sleeves 51. The upper ends of the pressure regulating arms 52 are bent towards the middle of the upper end of the housing 1, and after bending, they converge towards the center to facilitate the installation of a set of components on each side. A semi-circular guide seat 53 is fixedly connected to the upper end of each pressure regulating arm 52. When the two semi-circles reach the same height, they form a... The ring and the guide seat 53 each have a T-shaped groove 54 in the middle of their lower surfaces, and the two annular T-shaped grooves 54 are interconnected to form a through circular channel. The suspension blocks 42 are slidably connected to the T-shaped grooves 54 on the guide seat 53, so that the suspension blocks 42 on both sides can move smoothly in it. When the reversing shaft 31 drives the connecting seat 32 to rotate, the upper end of the connecting bracket 41 can be stably connected to achieve smooth rotation. The up and down movement of the pressure regulating arm 52 is controlled by the adjusting mechanism 6.

[0044] Adjustment mechanism 6 includes a servo motor 61, a mounting block 63, a drive gear 66, and a toothed groove 67. The servo motors 61 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the housings 1 on both sides of each limit sleeve 51. That is, each pressure regulating arm 52 is driven by two servo motors 61. This can be achieved using a single driver in use. The dual-side drive makes the lifting process more stable and can withstand greater force. The drive gear 62 is fixedly connected to the end of the servo motor 61. The mounting block 63 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 at the upper end of the servo motor 61. An adjustment shaft 64 is rotatably connected to the end of the mounting block 63. The ends of the output shaft and the two ends of the adjustment shaft 64 are respectively fixed. A transmission gear 65 is connected, and a drive gear 62 is used to drive the transmission gear 65 at the end of the mounting block 63 to rotate. The drive gear 62 has a smaller diameter to increase the torque, making it easier to drive a larger load. The middle part of each of the adjusting shafts 64 is fixedly connected to a drive gear 66. When the tooth grooves 67 are equally spaced on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure adjusting arm 52 away from the box 1, the drive gear 66 meshes with the tooth grooves 67. The drive gear 66 drives the tooth grooves 67, thereby realizing the lifting and lowering of the pressure adjusting arm 52. The lifting and lowering of the pressure adjusting arm 52 can adjust the vertical position of the upper grinding mechanism 4, thereby realizing pressure change and retraction after grinding.

[0045] The upper end of the lower grinding mechanism 7 is provided with a grinding turntable 74, which can contact the lower end of the workpiece above to complete the grinding process.

[0046] The connecting mechanism 8 includes a limiting frame 81 and a clamping air cushion 86. The limiting frame 81 can connect a large number of cupronickel sample specimens. Mating seats 82 are fixedly connected to the upper surface of the middle positions on both sides of the limiting frame 81. The mating seats 82 are connected to the connecting grinding frame 44 via connecting pins 83, and are designed as a detachable structure for easy removal and replacement. Threaded holes 84 are equidistantly through-holes 84 around the limiting frame 81, and positioning screws 85 are threaded into the threaded holes 84. Most existing cupronickel sample specimens are rectangular or cylindrical in shape, thus requiring rotation of the positioning screws 85... At 5 o'clock, several samples arranged in the limiting frame 81 can be connected, so that they are firmly connected after being squeezed together. The end of the positioning screw 85 can be adapted to add a flat or arc-shaped pad structure to improve the stable connection to the arc surface. The clamping air pad 86 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressure plate 46. The clamping air pad 86 can cover the top of the existing samples of different heights. By adjusting the pressure rod 45, the pressure can also be transmitted to the top of the clamping air pad 86 to achieve uniform contact with the top of the sample and provide support during the grinding process.

[0047] The positioning mechanism 9 includes a vertical block 91, a transmitting probe A92, a mating probe A93, a mating probe B94, and a transmitting probe B95. The vertical block 91 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper surface of each guide seat 53 at its midpoint. The height of the vertical block 91 is higher than the upper surface of the guide seat 53, facilitating the installation of the transmitting probe A92, and its outer location facilitates subsequent maintenance. The transmitting probe A92 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the vertical block 91 facing the reversing shaft 31. The mating probe A93 is fixedly connected to the surfaces on both sides of the reversing shaft 31. The mating probe B94 is fixedly connected to the two mating probes near the upper end of the connecting seat 32. On the side surface, the transmitting probes B95 are fixedly connected to the guide seats 53 on the side facing the connecting seat 32. The mating probe A93 corresponds to the transmitting probe A92. When they reach the same height, they output an electrical signal. The mating probe B94 and the transmitting probe B95 are mated together and output an electrical signal when they reach the same height. The installation of two sets of probes with opposite transmitting directions makes the voltage regulating arm 52 stop when it reaches the highest point, and the stopping position is more precise. At this time, the T-shaped grooves 54 on both sides are on the same horizontal plane, forming an annular channel, which facilitates adjustment at this point.

[0048] The control module 18 uses a programmable SMT microcontroller as its core component, which can set different grinding times and speeds, as well as the amount of water and abrasive sprayed, according to requirements.

[0049] Furthermore, during the reversal process, it is all done when the pressure regulating arm 52 reaches its set highest point. This makes it less likely to collide, and it is easier for personnel to observe the grinding effect. It is also more convenient to pick up and put down, and has a larger operating space. When the sample quantity can be put in one side, grinding can be carried out continuously. That is, after the grinding on one side is completed, the direction is reversed, and then fine grinding is carried out.

[0050] When both sides are filled with white copper samples, coarse grinding is performed on one side first. After coarse grinding is completed, the direction is reversed for fine grinding, while coarse grinding is performed on the other side at the same time. When the fine grinding reaches the set accuracy, the pressure regulating arm 52 on that side can be raised, and the connecting mechanism 8 on that side can be removed. When the coarse grinding on the other side reaches the set accuracy, the direction is reversed to the fine grinding side for grinding. The process is automated.

[0051] Furthermore, the lower grinding mechanism 7 also includes a mounting cover A71, a connecting frame 72, a grinding motor 73, a grinding turntable 74, support arms 75, guide rings 76, and a pressure sensor 77. The mounting cover A71 is fixedly connected to the left and right spaces of the housing 1, with a gap between its edge and the housing 1 to facilitate liquid flow. The lower end of the mounting cover A71 is open. The connecting frame 72 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting cover A71 near the lower end. The mounting cover A71 provides a mounting space with the upper end closed and the lower end open, preventing liquid flowing down from the upper end from wetting the grinding motor 73 and providing protection for it. At the same time, it guides the liquid. The grinding motor 73 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 72. The support arms 75 are fixedly connected in a ring array to the outer surface of the mounting cover A71 near the upper end. The upper end of the support arms 75 is higher than the mounting cover A71, and the top needs to be horizontal and stable. The lower end of the guide ring 76 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the support arm 75. Next, a ring-shaped slide rail or other support structure for smooth operation is installed on the guide ring 76. Specifically, roller bearings or turntable bearings or other components can be set to provide stable force and support. The grinding disc 74 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the guide ring 76. A pressure sensor 77 is also set between the two to obtain the downward pressure value from the upper end, so that the control module 18 can make dynamic adjustments according to the pressure value to meet the grinding requirements of samples with hard properties under certain component ratios. The end of the output shaft of the grinding motor 73 is fixedly connected to the middle of the grinding disc 74 between the grinding disc 74 and the guide ring 76. The grinding disc 74 is respectively connected to the lower end of the limit frame 81. When the grinding motor 73 moves, it can drive the upper grinding disc 74 to rotate. The upper end of the grinding disc 74 can be made of an integral grinding disc material or a grinding structure with replaceable grinding discs. For this type, a more wear-resistant grinding material can be selected for adaptation to meet the grinding requirements under high-volume conditions.

[0052] Please see Figure 2 and Figure 3 As another specific embodiment provided in the application, when the voltage regulating arm 52 rises to the highest position, the transmitting probe A92 and the cooperating probe A93 on both sides correspond to each other, and when the voltage regulating arm 52 rises to the highest position, the cooperating probe B94 and the transmitting probe B95 on both sides are at the same horizontal height.

[0053] Specifically, the probes are infrared laser positioning instruments, and the two sets are set up in pairs to improve safety and reduce the inaccuracy of positioning caused by a fault in one place. The higher positional accuracy obtained by the two sets is to ensure that the suspension block 42 at the upper end of the connecting bracket 41 will not be stuck when the connecting seat 32 rotates, and can pass smoothly through the gap between the two T-shaped grooves 54.

[0054] Please see Figure 6It also includes a metering pump 10. The metering pump 10 is preferably selected from pump models that can deliver a certain concentration, in order to better deliver grinding slurry containing abrasive particles. The metering pump 10 is set at the lower position of the outer side of the four corners of the box 1. The output end of the metering pump 10 is connected to the conduit 11. The output end of the metering pump 10 is connected to the container of different liquids or grinding pastes. The conduit 11 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the four corners of the box 1, which fits perfectly with the four corners of the box 1 without occupying extra space. The upper end of the conduit 11 is fixedly connected to the nozzle 13. The outlet of the nozzle 13 is facing the grinding turntable 74. During use, the liquid and grinding aid are sprayed in a metered manner, making the grinding surface smoother and the grinding effect better.

[0055] Please see Figure 2 As another specific embodiment provided in the application, it also includes a sewage pipe 14, which is respectively installed on one side of the lower end of each of the two spaces of the box body 1.

[0056] Specifically, the sewage pipes 14 are respectively installed in two spaces of the tank 1 to discharge liquids of different grinding aids, so as to facilitate subsequent sewage treatment.

[0057] Please see Figure 2 As another specific embodiment provided in the application, it also includes a protective shell 15, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the box 1 corresponding to the adjustment mechanism 6.

[0058] Specifically, the protective shell 15 can enclose the adjustment mechanism 6, which on the one hand prevents the moving gear components from causing injury to personnel, and on the other hand improves the aesthetics.

[0059] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 8 As another specific embodiment provided in the application, it also includes a mounting cover B16, which is fixedly connected to the base plate 2 corresponding to the lower end of the reversing shaft 31, and the reversing motor 34 is disposed inside the mounting cover B16.

[0060] Specifically, the mounting cover B16 protects the upper part of the commutator motor 34 from liquid immersion, and has an opening at the lower end.

[0061] Please see Figure 5 and Figure 6As another specific embodiment provided in the application, it also includes guide bars 12 and guide grooves 19. The guide bars 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the surfaces at the middle positions on both sides of the housing 1 to limit the sliding direction of the pressure regulating arm 52. The guide grooves 19 are respectively opened on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure regulating arm 52 near the housing 1. The guide bars 12 are slidably connected to the guide grooves 19 on the corresponding sides. The cooperation of the guide bars 12 and the guide grooves 19, as well as the setting of the limiting sleeve 51, can greatly improve the stability of the vertical movement trajectory of the pressure regulating arm 52, thereby obtaining a more stable adjustment effect. In actual use, rollers or lubricating oil can be set at the joint surface of the two for lubrication to reduce frictional resistance.

[0062] Please see Figure 2 As another specific embodiment provided in the application, it also includes a guide sleeve 17. The guide sleeve 17 is U-shaped and is symmetrically fixedly connected to the upper end of the middle position on both sides of the housing 1. The pressure regulating arm 52 is slidably connected to the middle part of the guide sleeve 17.

[0063] Specifically, the guide sleeve 17 can support the operational stability of the pressure regulating arm 52, further ensuring that there is no shaking during the lifting process. Similarly, applying grease or adding guide structures such as rollers at this connection point can improve smoothness.

[0064] Overall, this structure solves the problem of slow grinding speed in existing systems, reduces the time and labor intensity spent by laboratory personnel on grinding, allows them to concentrate on subsequent reports and analysis, reduces the cost of purchasing equipment for the laboratory, meets the needs of cupronickel grinding, and speeds up the work process.

[0065] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A device for automatically polishing a test sample for cupronickel metallographic examination, characterized by comprising: Include: Box (1), bottom plate (2), reversing mechanism (3), upper grinding mechanism (4), lower pressing mechanism (5), adjusting mechanism (6), lower grinding mechanism (7), connecting mechanism (8), positioning mechanism (9) and control module (18); The box (1): the appearance of the box (1) is rectangular, the bottom plate (2) is arranged on the inner wall of the box (1) close to the lower end, the middle part of the box (1) is provided with two spaces left and right, and the upper end is open, one lower grinding mechanism (7) is connected in each of the left and right spaces of the box (1), and a control module (18) is arranged on one side of the box (1); The reversing mechanism (3) comprises a reversing shaft (31) and a supporting seat (35), the reversing shaft (31) is rotatably connected to the middle position of the box (1), the outer surface of the reversing shaft (31) protruding above the box (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting seat (32), two connecting sliding grooves (33) are symmetrically formed on the front and back of the connecting seat (32), the supporting seat (35) is fixedly connected to the corresponding box (1) below the bottom plate (2) at both ends, and a reversing motor (34) is fixedly connected to the middle position of the supporting seat (35), and the upper end of the reversing motor (34) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the reversing shaft (31); The upper grinding mechanism (4) comprises a connecting bracket (41), the connecting bracket (41) is provided with two, the connecting bracket (41) is symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the connecting seat (32) which is not provided with the connecting sliding groove (33), the end of the connecting bracket (41) is slidably connected with the corresponding side of the connecting sliding groove (33), the upper end of the connecting bracket (41) is fixedly connected with a suspension block (42) which is arc-shaped in appearance and T-shaped in cross section, the end of the connecting bracket (41) away from the reversing mechanism (3) is fixedly connected with a driving motor (43), the lower end of the driving motor (43) is fixedly connected with a grinding frame (44), the two sides of the middle position of the grinding frame (44) are respectively provided with a pressure regulating rod (45), the lower end of the pressure regulating rod (45) is fixedly connected with a pressing plate (46), and the pressure regulating rod (45) movably sleeved with a spring (47) between the pressing plate (46) and the grinding frame (44); The lower pressing mechanism (5) comprises a limiting sleeve (51), the limiting sleeve (51) is fixedly connected to the two sides of the box (1), one end of the pressure regulating arm (52) is slidably connected in the limiting sleeve (51), the upper end of the pressure regulating arm (52) is respectively bent to the middle position of the upper end of the box (1), the upper end of each pressure regulating arm (52) is fixedly connected with a semicircular guide seat (53), a T-shaped groove (54) is formed in the middle position of the lower surface of each guide seat (53), and the suspension block (42) is slidably connected with the T-shaped groove (54) on the guide seat (53). The adjusting mechanism (6) comprises a servo motor (61), a mounting block (63), a driving gear (66) and a gear slot (67), the servo motor (61) is fixedly connected to the box (1) on the two sides of each limiting sleeve (51) respectively, the servo motor (61) is fixedly connected with a driving gear (62) at the end, the mounting block (63) is fixedly connected to the box (1) on the upper end of the servo motor (61), the adjusting shaft (64) is rotatably connected to the mounting block (63), the driving gear (65) is fixedly connected to the two ends of the adjusting shaft (64) respectively, the driving gear (66) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the adjusting shaft (64) respectively, the gear slot (67) is equidistantly arranged on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure regulating arm (52) away from the box (1), and the driving gear (66) is meshed with the gear slot (67); The upper end of the lower grinding mechanism (7) is provided with a grinding turntable (74); The connecting mechanism (8) comprises a limiting frame (81) and a compression air cushion (86), the upper surface of the limiting frame (81) is fixedly connected with a matching seat (82) at the middle position of the two sides, the matching seat (82) is matched with the connecting grinding frame (44), the connecting pin (83) is arranged between the matching seat (82) and the connecting grinding frame (44), the threaded holes (84) are equidistantly and throughly arranged on the limiting frame (81), the positioning screw rod (85) is screw-connected in the threaded hole (84), and the compression air cushion (86) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pressing plate (46); The positioning mechanism (9) comprises a vertical block (91), a transmitting probe A (92), a matching probe A (93), a matching probe B (94) and a transmitting probe B (95), the vertical block (91) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the middle position of each guide seat (53), the transmitting probe A (92) is fixedly connected to the surface of the upper end of the vertical block (91) on the side of the reversing shaft (31), the matching probe A (93) is fixedly connected to the surface on the two sides of the reversing shaft (31), the matching probe B (94) is fixedly connected to the surface on the two sides close to the upper end of the connecting seat (32), and the transmitting probe B (95) is fixedly connected to the surface on the side of the guide seat (53) towards the connecting seat (32).

2. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower grinding mechanism (7) further comprises a mounting cover A (71), a connecting frame (72), a grinding motor (73), a grinding turntable (74), a support arm (75), a guide ring (76) and a pressure sensor (77), the mounting cover A (71) is fixedly connected in the left and right two spaces of the box body (1) respectively, the lower end of the mounting cover A (71) is open, the connecting frame (72) is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the mounting cover A (71) close to the lower end, the grinding motor (73) is fixedly connected on the connecting frame (72), the support arm (75) is fixedly connected in an annular array on the outer surface of the mounting cover A (71) close to the upper end, the lower end of the guide ring (76) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the support arm (75) respectively, the grinding turntable (74) is rotatably connected on the upper end of the guide ring (76), the end of the output shaft of the grinding motor (73) is fixedly connected with the middle part of the grinding turntable (74), and the grinding turntable (74) is matchedly connected with the lower end of the limiting frame (81) respectively.

3. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the pressure regulating arm (52) rises to the highest position, the two sides of the transmitting probe A (92) and the matching probe A (93) correspond respectively, and when the pressure regulating arm (52) rises to the highest position, the two sides of the matching probe B (94) and the transmitting probe B (95) are at the same horizontal height.

4. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a metering pump (10), the metering pump (10) is arranged at the lower position outside the four corners of the box body (1), the output end of the metering pump (10) is connected with a conduit (11), the conduit (11) is fixedly connected on the inner wall of the four corners of the box body (1) respectively, the upper end of the conduit (11) is fixedly connected with a spray head (13) respectively, and the outlets of the spray heads (13) respectively face the grinding turntable (74).

5. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a sewage pipe (14), the sewage pipe (14) is arranged at the lower end of each of the two spaces of the box body (1) respectively.

6. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a protective shell (15), the protective shell (15) is fixedly connected on the surface of the corresponding box body (1) at the adjusting mechanism (6) respectively.

7. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic detection according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a mounting cover B (16), the mounting cover B (16) is fixedly connected on the bottom plate (2) at the lower end of the reversing shaft (31) correspondingly, and the reversing motor (34) is arranged in the mounting cover B (16).

8. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a guide strip (12) and a guide groove (19), the guide strip (12) is fixedly connected on the surface of the middle position of the two sides of the box body (1) symmetrically, the guide groove (19) is arranged on the surface of the vertical part of the pressure regulating arm (52) close to the side of the box body (1) respectively, and the guide strip (12) is slidably connected with the guide groove (19) on the corresponding side.

9. The automatic specimen grinding device for cupronickel metallographic examination according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising a guide sleeve (17), the guide sleeve (17) is U-shaped in appearance, and the guide sleeve (17) is fixedly connected on the upper end of the middle position of the two sides of the box body (1) symmetrically, the pressure regulating arm (52) is slidably connected with the middle part of the guide sleeve (17).

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