Lifting hook limiting device, lifting hook limiting method and crane

Abstract

The invention discloses a lifting hook limiting device, a limiting method and a crane, belongs to the field of mechanical engineering, and aims at solving the limiting problem when a lifting hook of an existing crane is retracted and released. The lifting hook limiting device comprises rotating frames and a lifting frame, and the rotating frames are symmetrically installed on the two sides of a lifting arm head; the lifting frame is connected to the position, away from the boom head, of the rotating frame and comprises an upper plane facing the boom head, a lower plane facing the lifting hook and installed below the upper plane and two connecting pins inserted into the upper plane and the lower plane and connected with the rotating frame on the two sides in an inserted mode. One end of the rotating frame is provided with a hinge hole corresponding to the side face of the cargo boom, and the other end of the rotating frame is provided with a sliding hole inserted with the connecting pin; the lifting hook ascends under traction of the steel wire rope and is used for making contact with the lifting frame, and height limiting and abutting fixing are conducted on the lifting hook through the lifting frame. The lifting hook can be quickly fixed and the height of the lifting hook can be limited without a rope when the crane runs or the lifting arm is in an elevation posture, so that the safety of lifting operation is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a hook limiting device, a limiting method and a crane, belonging to the field of mechanical engineering. Background Art

[0002] The boom tip is used to install pulleys and connect the hook for hoisting operations. Generally, there are at least two sets of pulleys. The upper pulley is called a guide pulley, which is used to change the direction of the hoisting wire rope so that it winds around the position of the lower hoisting pulley. The lower pulley is called a hoisting pulley. There are multiple hoisting pulleys, which form a pulley block with the pulley on the hook, and can increase the hoisting ratio. Without changing the single-rope force, the hook can obtain a larger hoisting force. In the prior art, when the crane is traveling, in order to prevent the hook from swinging, generally, an operator uses a rope to connect the hook to the vehicle frame. When performing the retracting and extending operations on the hook device, the prior art often first controls the boom to be raised to a specific angle, then uses manual or other auxiliary equipment to act on the rope between the hook and the vehicle frame to lower the hook, and finally returns to the cab to lower the boom. The operation is time-consuming and laborious, and the convenience is poor.

[0003] Secondly, when the crane is traveling, it will be affected by passing vehicles, resulting in limited space for the hook to be lowered. The prior art, such as the patent with the publication number CN116177419A, discloses a hook retracting device. In order to avoid the influence of passing vehicles on the hook device, the hoisting device is designed to be foldable for retracting and extending. Although it can achieve height adjustment to a certain extent, the folding retracting and extending space is limited by the boom angle. Therefore, the hook device in the prior art still has technical problems such as poor retracting and extending operability, single function and small application range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Object of the Invention: In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a hook limiting device, a limiting method and a crane. Through the hook limiting device of the present invention, the hook can be quickly fixed without using a rope when the crane is traveling or the boom is in an elevated angle posture, and the height of the hook can be limited during the hoisting operation, avoiding the hook from shaking during the vehicle traveling process and ensuring the safety of the hoisting operation.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hook limiting device, including: A rotating frame symmetrically installed on both sides of the boom tip; A lifting frame connected to the rotating frame away from the boom tip, including an upper plane facing the boom tip, a lower plane facing the hook and installed below the upper plane, and two connecting pins inserted through the upper plane and the lower plane and respectively inserted into the two rotating frames; One end of the rotating frame is provided with a hinge hole corresponding to the side surface of the boom, and the other end is provided with a sliding hole into which the connecting pin is inserted.

[0006] Optionally, through holes are symmetrically formed on both sides of the boom head for rotatably connecting to the hinge holes of the rotary frame through pin shafts.

[0007] Optionally, a position switch is provided in the sliding hole of the rotary frame, and the position switch is electrically connected to the controller.

[0008] Optionally, a detection block is connected to the end of the connecting pin passing through the sliding hole for triggering the position switch.

[0009] Optionally, the number of the upper planes is more than one, and the multiple upper planes are used to replace the upper plane that fits the boom head after the rotary frame rotates.

[0010] Optionally, first limit blocks are respectively provided on both sides of the upper plane, and the length of the first limit block is greater than the gap between both sides of the boom.

[0011] Optionally, second limit blocks are respectively provided on both sides of the lower plane, and the distance between the second limit blocks is greater than the distance between both side surfaces of the hook.

[0012] Optionally, a support block is provided between the upper plane and the lower plane, and the support block is conical.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a limiting method for a hook limiting device, and the limiting method is respectively applied to three working scenarios of a crane; wherein, the first working scenario is that the crane travels with the hook during traveling, and the limiting method of the limiting method is used to fix the hook to the boom head; The second working scenario is when the boom rotates to any elevation angle attitude, and the limiting method is used to fix the hook to the boom head in the elevation angle attitude; The third working scenario is when the crane is hoisting, and the limiting method is used to limit the retraction and extension of the hook to avoid contact between the lifting frame and the hook.

[0014] Optionally, the hook limiting method in the first working scenario is: Lower the crane boom to the lowest position, and then start the wire traction device to tighten the wire; The wire is stressed to pull the hook upward and tighten, driving the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then pushing the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head until the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook are mutually abutted tightly, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook; The hook limiting method in the second working scenario is: First, replace the upper plane of the lifting frame so that the replaced upper plane fits the surface of the corresponding boom head at present; Then start the wire traction device to tighten the wire; The steel wire is stressed to pull the hook upward and tighten it, driving the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then pushing the lifting frame upward to abut against the boom head in the elevation attitude until the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook are completely abutted against each other, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook. The hook limiting method in the third working scenario is as follows: When the crane is parked for hoisting, the hook is suspended under the boom head and does not contact the lifting frame. Start the steel wire traction device to tighten the steel wire, so that the steel wire on the pulley block pulls the hook upward and tightens it, driving the hook to lift the heavy object and rise until it contacts the lifting frame. If the hook continues to be lifted, the hook will push the lifting frame upward until the detection block leaves the detection range of the position switch and sends an electrical signal to the controller. After receiving the electrical signal, the controller stops the operation of the steel wire traction device to limit the lifting and lowering stroke of the hook, so that the lifting frame does not contact the boom head.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a crane, and the hook limiting device described in the first aspect is provided at the boom head of the crane.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: After the lifting frame is connected to the slewing frame through the connecting pin, it rotates with the slewing frame and is not limited by the angle of the boom. When the hook lifts the heavy object and rises, the hook moves upward to contact the lifting frame, and then pushes the lifting frame upward, avoiding the hook directly squeezing the boom head; when the vehicle needs to carry the hook and drive, by pushing the lifting frame upward to abut against the boom head, finally making the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook abut against each other tightly, the hook can be fixed when the crane is driving or in the elevation attitude. When driving, the hook will not shake and there is no need to connect a rope. In the whole operation process, the operator can complete it in the cab, which is convenient and fast.

[0017] When the crane is parked to hoist heavy objects, the controller can automatically stop the upward movement process of the hook according to the electrical signal of the position switch, so that the lifting frame does not contact the boom head, avoiding the structural parts being squeezed and damaged due to excessive lifting force and ensuring the operation safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the hook limiting device of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 is a side view of the hook limiting device of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of the hook limiting device of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4It is an embodiment diagram of the hook limit device of the present invention in the third working scenario.

[0022] Figure 5 It is an embodiment diagram of the hook limit device of the present invention in the first working scenario.

[0023] Figure 6 It is an embodiment diagram of the hook limit device of the present invention in the second working scenario.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Boom head; 2. Rotating frame; 21. Hinge hole; 22. Sliding hole; 3. Lifting frame; 31. Upper plane; 310. First limit block; 32. Lower plane; 320. Second limit block; 33. Connecting pin; 34. Support block; 4. Hook; 5. Position switch; 6. Detection block; 7. Pin shaft. Detailed implementation manners

[0025] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment

[0026] This embodiment provides a hook limit device, as Figure 1 shown, including: a rotating frame 2 and a lifting frame 3; wherein the number of the rotating frames 2 is two, and the two rotating frames 2 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the boom head 1; the lifting frame 3 is connected to the rotating frame 2 away from the boom head 1, and the lifting frame 3 includes: an upper plane 31, an upper plane 31 and two connecting pins 33; the upper plane 31 faces the boom head 1, the lower plane 32 faces the hook 4 and is installed below the upper plane 31, and the two connecting pins 33 are inserted through the upper plane 31 and the lower plane 32 and are respectively inserted into the two rotating frames 2; As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, one end of the rotating frame 2 is provided with a hinge hole 21 corresponding to the side surface of the boom, and the other end is provided with a sliding hole 22 into which the connecting pin 33 is inserted. In this embodiment, the rotating frame 2 can rotate around the pin shaft 7, so as to rotate freely regardless of the elevation angle state of the boom, and can rely on gravity to always keep the lower end facing the ground without affecting the orientation of the lifting frame 3 with the boom head 1 and the hook 4.

[0027] A stop block is provided at the sliding hole 22 of this embodiment, which can limit the connecting pin 33 while being inserted and matched with the connecting pin 33 to prevent the connecting pin 33 from disengaging from the sliding hole 22.

[0028] Optionally, through holes are symmetrically opened on both sides of the boom head 1 for rotatably connecting with the hinge holes 21 of the rotating frame 2 through the pin shaft 7.

[0029] Optionally, a position switch 5 is provided in the sliding hole 22 of the rotary frame 2, and the position switch 5 is electrically connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the detection block 6 directly contacts the contact of the position switch 5, and the contact is actuated by mechanical force. In addition, the present invention is not limited to using other types of position detection devices. A position sensor or other non-contact sensor can also be designed in the sliding hole 22 to detect the sliding process of the connecting pin 33, which can avoid the existing wear problem.

[0030] Optionally, a detection block 6 is connected to the end of the connecting pin 33 passing through the sliding hole 22 for triggering the position switch 5. In addition to its triggering function, the detection block 6 can also cooperate with the stop block to prevent the connecting pin 33 from disengaging from the sliding hole 22.

[0031] Optionally, first limit blocks 310 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper plane 31. The length of the first limit blocks 310 is greater than the gap between the two sides of the boom, and can correspondingly abut against the edges of the side of the boom gap and the two side surfaces of the boom.

[0032] Optionally, the number of the upper planes 31 is more than one. After the rotary frame 2 rotates, the multiple upper planes 31 are used to replace the upper plane 31 that fits the boom head 1.

[0033] Optionally, second limit blocks 320 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower plane 32. The distance between the second limit blocks 320 is greater than the distance between the two side surfaces of the hook 4.

[0034] Optionally, a support block 34 is provided between the upper plane 31 and the lower plane 32. The support block 34 is conical. This embodiment is not limited to other shapes with impact resistance. The support block 34 is detachably connected to both the upper plane 31 and the lower plane 32 respectively, and can replace the upper plane 31 that fits the boom head 1 better after the boom is in the elevation state and the rotary frame 2 rotates; at the same time, after the lifting frame 3 and the hook 4 are used for a long time, a new lower plane 32 can be replaced to avoid the deformation of the lower plane 32 and non-fitting with the hook 4 or the non-fitting of the upper plane 31 with the boom head, resulting in an inability to form a tight cooperation relationship among the boom head, the lifting frame 3, and the hook 4, which affects the fixing effect of the hook 4. Embodiment

[0035] This embodiment provides a limiting method for a hook limiting device, as Figures 4 to 6 shown. The limiting method is respectively applied to three working scenarios of the crane; among them, as Figure 5 shown, the first working scenario is that the crane travels with the hook 4 during the traveling process, and the limiting method of the limiting method is used to fix the hook 4 to the boom head 1; As Figure 6The second working scenario shown is that when the crane boom rotates to any elevation angle attitude, the limiting method is used to fix the hook 4 to the boom head 1 in the elevation angle attitude; As Figure 4 The third working scenario shown is that during the hoisting operation of the crane, the limiting method is used to limit the retraction and extension of the hook 4 to prevent the lifting frame 3 and the hook 4 from coming into contact.

[0036] Optionally, the hook limiting method in the first working scenario is: Lower the crane boom to the lowest position, and then start the wire traction device to tighten the wire; The wire pulls the hook 4 upward under force, driving the hook 4 to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame 3, and then pushing the lifting frame 3 upward to abut against the boom head 1 until the boom head 1, the lifting frame 3, and the hook 4 are tightly abutted against each other, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook 4; The hook limiting method in the second working scenario is: First, replace the upper plane 31 of the lifting frame 3 so that the replaced upper plane 31 fits the surface of the corresponding boom head 1 at present; Then start the wire traction device to tighten the wire; The wire pulls the hook 4 upward under force, driving the hook 4 to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame 3, and then pushing the lifting frame 3 upward to abut against the boom head 1 in the elevation angle attitude until the boom head 1, the lifting frame 3, and the hook 4 are completely tightly abutted against each other, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook 4; The hook limiting method in the third working scenario is: When the crane is parked for hoisting, the hook 4 hangs below the boom head 1 and does not contact the lifting frame 3; Start the wire traction device to tighten the wire, so that the wire on the pulley block pulls the hook 4 upward to tighten, driving the hook 4 to lift the heavy object upward until it contacts the lifting frame 3; If the hook 4 continues to be lifted, the hook 4 will push the lifting frame 3 upward until the detection block 6 leaves the detection range of the position switch 5 and sends an electrical signal to the controller; After receiving the electrical signal, the controller stops the operation of the wire traction device to limit the retraction and extension stroke of the hook 4, so that the lifting frame 3 does not contact the boom head 1.

[0037] In this embodiment, the hook limiting device between the boom head and the hoisting hook 4 can limit the hook 4 during the retraction and extension process; when the hook 4 needs to be fixed, with the help of the wire rope tension, the hook 4 and the boom head 1 and the lifting frame 3 are pressed together to realize the fixation of the hook 4 and prevent the hook 4 from shaking during the vehicle driving process. The hook limiting device is also integrated with the hook 4 height detection function to realize the hook 4 height limit and improve the operation safety. The hook limiting device also automatically matches different boom head elevation angles through the rotating frame 2, which is convenient and efficient to use. Embodiment

[0038] This embodiment provides a crane, and a hook limiting device of Embodiment 1 is arranged at the boom head of the crane.

[0039] When the crane needs to travel with the hook, lower the boom to the lowest position, start the wire traction device to tighten the wire, so that the wire on the pulley block pulls the hook upward to tighten, drive the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then push the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head, and finally make the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook abut against each other tightly, so as to achieve the purpose of tightening and limiting the hook; When the crane parks to hoist heavy objects, the hook is suspended under the boom head and does not contact the lifting frame; after hoisting the heavy object, start the wire traction device to tighten the wire, so that the wire on the pulley block pulls the hook upward to tighten, drive the hook to hoist the heavy object to rise until it contacts the lifting frame. If the hook continues to rise, the hook will push the lifting frame to rise until the detection block leaves the detection range of the position switch, and send an electrical signal to the controller. After receiving the electrical signal, the controller stops the wire traction device from working, restricts the continuous rise of the hook, and ensures the operation safety; When tightening the hook in the boom rotation to the elevation angle attitude, first replace the upper plane of the lifting frame so that the replaced upper plane fits the current boom head surface; Then start the wire traction device to tighten the wire, so that the wire on the pulley block pulls the hook upward to tighten, drive the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then push the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head, and finally make the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook abut against each other tightly, so as to achieve the purpose of tightening and limiting the hook.

[0040] In summary, after the lifting frame of the present invention is connected to the rotating frame through the connecting pin, it rotates with the rotating frame and is not limited by the angle of the boom. When the hook hoists the heavy object to rise, the hook moves upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then pushes the lifting frame to rise, avoiding the hook directly squeezing the boom head; when the vehicle needs to travel with the hook, by pushing the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head, finally making the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook abut against each other tightly, the hook can be fixed when the crane is traveling or in the elevation angle attitude. During traveling, the hook will not shake and there is no need to connect ropes. During the whole operation process, the operator can complete it in the cab, which is convenient and fast.

[0041] When the crane parks to hoist heavy objects, the controller can automatically stop the hook rising process according to the electrical signal of the position switch, so that the lifting frame does not contact the boom head, avoiding the structural member being squeezed and damaged due to excessive lifting force and ensuring the operation safety.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "coupled" shall be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A hook limit device, characterized in that, Including: A rotating frame, symmetrically installed on both sides of the boom head; A lifting frame, connected to the rotating frame away from the boom head, including an upper plane facing the boom head, a lower plane facing the hook and installed below the upper plane, and two connecting pins inserted through the upper plane and the lower plane and respectively inserted into the two rotating frames on both sides; One end of the rotating frame is provided with a hinge hole corresponding to the side of the boom, and the other end is provided with a sliding hole into which the connecting pin is inserted; The hook rises under the traction of the steel wire rope, is used to contact the lifting frame, and the height of the hook is limited and tightened and fixed through the lifting frame.

2. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Through holes are symmetrically opened on both sides of the boom head, and are used to be rotatably connected to the hinge holes of the rotating frame through pin shafts.

3. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A position switch is arranged in the sliding hole of the rotating frame, and the position switch is electrically connected to the controller.

4. The hook limit device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end of the connecting pin passing through the sliding hole is connected with a detection block for triggering the position switch.

5. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the upper planes is more than one, and the multiple upper planes are respectively attached to different positions of the boom head, and are used to replace the upper plane attached to the boom head after the rotating frame rotates.

6. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that First limit blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper plane, and the length of the first limit blocks is greater than the gap between both sides of the boom.

7. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Second limit blocks are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower plane, and the distance between the second limit blocks is greater than the distance between both sides of the hook.

8. The hook limit device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support block is arranged between the upper plane and the lower plane, and the support block is conical.

9. A limiting method for a hook limiting device, based on the hook limiting device described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limit method is respectively applied to three working scenarios of the crane; among them, the first working scenario is that the crane travels with the hook during the traveling process, and the limit method of the limit method is used to fix the hook to the boom head; The second working scenario is that when the boom rotates to any elevation angle posture, the limit method is used to fix the hook to the boom head in the elevation angle posture; The third working scenario is that during the hoisting operation of the crane, the limit method is used to limit the retraction and release of the hook to avoid the contact between the lifting frame and the hook.

10. The limiting method of the hook limiting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The hook limit method in the first working scenario is: Lower the crane boom to the lowest position, and then start the steel wire traction device to tighten the steel wire; The steel wire is stressed to pull the hook upward and tighten it, driving the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then pushing the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head until the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook are mutually abutted tightly, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook; The hook limit method in the second working scenario is: First replace the upper plane of the lifting frame so that the replaced upper plane fits the surface of the current corresponding boom head; Then start the steel wire traction device to tighten the steel wire; The steel wire is stressed to pull the hook upward and tighten it, driving the hook to move upward until it contacts the lifting frame, and then pushing the lifting frame to rise and abut against the boom head in the elevation angle posture until the boom head, the lifting frame, and the hook are mutually completely abutted tightly, achieving the purpose of tightening and fixing the hook; The hook limit method in the third working scenario is: When the crane parks for hoisting, the hook is suspended under the boom head and does not contact the lifting frame; Start the steel wire traction device to tighten the steel wire, so that the steel wire on the pulley block pulls the hook upward and tightens it, driving the hook to lift the heavy object and rise until it contacts the lifting frame; If the hook continues to be lifted, the hook will push the lifting frame upward until the detection block leaves the detection range of the position switch, and then send an electrical signal to the controller. After receiving the electrical signal, the controller stops the operation of the wire traction device to limit the lifting and lowering stroke of the hook, so that the lifting frame does not contact the boom head.

11. A crane, wherein a hook limit device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided at the boom head of the crane.

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