Electromagnetic resonance impact tool

Abstract

The application discloses an electromagnetic resonance impact tool and relates to the technical field of drilling, which comprises a drill rod and further comprises a slip ring fixed around the drill rod, a filter fixed around the drill rod and located below the slip ring, an electromagnetic resonator comprising a shell, an extension shaft, a spring and an electromagnetic coil, the shell having a cavity inside, the shell being arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod, the extension shaft being vertically arranged in the cavity, the top end of the extension shaft being arranged at the bottom end of the drill rod, the spring and the electromagnetic coil being both fixed around the extension shaft, the top end of the spring being fixed to the top of the cavity, and the bottom end of the spring being in abutment with the top of the electromagnetic coil, and a drill bit arranged at the bottom end of the extension shaft. The electromagnetic resonance impact tool has the advantage that the spring drives the drill bit to reciprocate and stretch under the action of an electromagnetic field, thereby forming an impact frequency of electromagnetic resonance excitation, and when the impact frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of rocks when the drill bit breaks the rocks, the rocks produce resonance to stably break the rocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling technology, and more specifically to an electromagnetic resonance impact tool. Background Technology

[0002] For many years, people have been trying to use impact energy to drill holes in hard rock formations during well operations. Many tools were developed, all with similar working principles: compressed air or hydraulically operated pistons impact the drill pipe, converting the fluid's potential energy into the drill bit's kinetic energy. However, the result was that the rock was fragmented and crushed, and the drill bit inside the drill string penetrated into the rock formation. To avoid this, tools utilizing electromagnetic impact rock breaking were developed. Electromagnetic impact rock breaking is a new type of rock breaking tool that combines electromagnetic drive technology with the principle of impact rock breaking, featuring high efficiency, low energy consumption, and flexible operation.

[0003] Electromagnetic impact rock breaking devices primarily use electromagnetic force to drive an impact head or drill bit to crush rocks. The core principle is to utilize an electromagnetic coil to generate a magnetic field. By controlling the direction and magnitude of the current, the impact head or drill bit is made to reciprocate, thus applying a high-frequency impact force to the rock. Existing electromagnetic impact rock breaking devices also mainly use structures to generate electromagnetic fields, utilizing the magnetic force generated by these fields to assist the drill bit in rock breaking. However, this method primarily superimposes the force onto the impact motion of the drill bit, which can lead to excessive drill bit pressure, unstable impact force, poor wellbore stability, and inability to stably break rocks, severely impacting rock breaking efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an electromagnetic resonance impact tool that utilizes electromagnetic resonance impact. By adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the dynamic load using an electromagnetic resonator, it maintains resonance conditions between the drill bit and the formation under different drilling conditions, thereby stabilizing rock breaking.

[0005] This invention provides an electromagnetic resonance impact tool, comprising: a drill rod, and further comprising:

[0006] A slip ring is fitted and fixed circumferentially to the drill pipe;

[0007] The filter is fitted and fixed circumferentially to the drill pipe, located below the slip ring;

[0008] An electromagnetic resonator includes a housing, a telescopic shaft, a spring, and an electromagnetic coil. The housing has an internal cavity and is located at the bottom end of a drill rod. The telescopic shaft is vertically inserted into the cavity, with its top end located at the bottom end of the drill rod. The spring and electromagnetic coil are both fitted around the circumference of the telescopic shaft. The top end of the spring is fixed to the top of the cavity, and the bottom end of the spring abuts against the top of the electromagnetic coil. A filter filters out the electrical signal transmitted by the slip ring and then transmits it to the electromagnetic coil. Upon receiving the electrical signal, the electromagnetic coil generates an electromagnetic field.

[0009] The drill bit is located at the bottom of the telescopic shaft. Under the action of the electromagnetic field, the spring drives the drill bit to reciprocate and extend, forming an electromagnetic resonance excitation impact frequency. When the impact frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of the rock when the drill bit breaks the rock, the rock resonates and the rock is broken stably.

[0010] Preferably, two insulating tubes are fitted onto the telescopic shaft, and the electromagnetic coils are respectively fitted onto the two insulating tubes, with the electromagnetic coils abutting against the telescopic shaft circumferentially.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic shaft includes:

[0012] The first shaft, the spring is fitted around the circumference of the first shaft, and the top end of the first shaft is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drill rod;

[0013] Multiple sleeves are fitted together end to end, with the uppermost sleeve located at the bottom end of the first shaft. The thrust ball bearing and the insulating tube are respectively fitted around the circumference of the multiple sleeves.

[0014] The second shaft passes through the bottom of the outer casing. The top end of the second shaft is located inside the cavity, and the bottom end of the second shaft is located outside the outer casing. The drill bit is fixed to the bottom end of the second shaft. The top end of the second shaft is fitted into the sleeve located at the bottommost position. Adjacent sleeves and the second shaft and the sleeve are slidably connected by a limiting structure.

[0015] Preferably, the top end of the spring is fixed to the top of the cavity by a spring washer, and the spring washer is fitted and fixed in the circumferential direction of the first shaft; the bottom end of the electromagnetic coil abuts against the bottom of the cavity by a coil washer, and the coil washer is fitted and fixed in the circumferential direction of the second shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the detachable connection structure between the first shaft and the drill pipe includes:

[0017] The adapter shaft is vertically mounted at the bottom end of the drill pipe;

[0018] A pin is provided at the bottom end of the adapter shaft. A through hole is provided at the top of the first shaft. The pin is fitted into the through hole and is threaded to the wall of the through hole.

[0019] Preferably, at least one air hole is provided on the through hole, and the air hole horizontally passes through the first shaft.

[0020] Preferably, a thrust ball bearing is circumferentially fitted onto the sleeve, the bottom end of the spring is fixed to the top end of the thrust ball bearing, and the bottom end of the thrust ball bearing contacts the top end of the electromagnetic coil.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes:

[0022] The spring washer is provided, and the adapter shaft includes two shafts with different diameters, the diameter of the lower shaft being smaller than the diameter of the upper shaft, and the spring washer is fitted around the lower shaft.

[0023] A spring washer retaining ring is fitted and fixed around the circumference of the spring washer, and the top end of the spring washer retaining ring is fixed to the bottom end of the shaft located above.

[0024] Preferably, the outer diameter of the spring washer is equal to the inner diameter of the thrust ball bearing.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an electromagnetic resonance impact tool, the advantages of which are:

[0026] This device utilizes electromagnetic resonance impact. By adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the dynamic load using an electromagnetic resonator, it maintains resonance between the drill bit and the formation under different drilling conditions, generating a stable and expanding fracture zone. This achieves efficient rock breaking in hard rock formations while reducing axial impact on the drill bit and increasing its service life. In operation, the electromagnetic coil is energized, generating a magnetic field at its poles. A filter also generates a fixed electrical frequency, which affects the magnitude of the magnetic field's attraction. This attraction pulls the spring downwards. Simultaneously, the spring's own elasticity, the electromagnetic force of the magnetic field at the other pole, and the filter's influence on the magnetic field's attraction all work together. When a specific electrical frequency is reached, the magnetic field's attraction decreases, allowing the spring to return to its original position. The spring then repeatedly stretches and compresses, creating an inherent extension / contraction frequency within the system. When this frequency matches the natural frequency of the rock being broken, a vibration phenomenon with a rapidly increasing amplitude is generated, assisting the drill bit in breaking rock and increasing the drilling rate. Simultaneously, the rock resonance enhances the stability of the rock breaking process. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic resonator of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic shaft of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a top view of the electromagnetic coil of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a side view of the electromagnetic coil of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic coil of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the slip ring structure of the present invention.

[0035] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows: 1—Bracket, 2—Slip ring, 3—Drill rod, 4—Filter, 5—Adapter shaft, 6—Pin, 7—Electromagnetic resonator, 8—Drill bit, 9—Spring washer, 10—Through hole, 11—Air hole, 12—Spring, 13—Telescopic shaft, 14—Thrust ball bearing, 15—Electromagnetic coil, 16—Coil pad, 17—Outer shell, 18—First sleeve, 19—Second sleeve, 20—Third sleeve, 21—Second shaft, 22—Spring washer, 23—Spring washer retaining ring, 24—Limiting component, 25—Brush, 26—Insulating tube. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" refers to two or more. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] This invention provides an electromagnetic resonance impact tool, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: drill rod 3, slip ring 2, filter 4, electromagnetic resonator 7, and drill bit 8. Drill rod 3 is in a vertical position during use, drilling downwards to break up rocks, and has a drive structure that drives the drill rod 3 to rotate and drill downwards; slip ring 2 is fitted and fixed circumferentially to the drill rod 3, as shown. Figure 7As shown, slip ring 2 is an electrical slip ring used to transmit electrical signals. It includes a brush 25 fitted around the drill rod 3 and two limiting members 24. The brush 25 is located between the two limiting members 24. The lower limiting member 24 is fixed and in contact with the brush 25, while the upper limiting member 24 rotates with the drill rod 3 to achieve 360° rotational conductivity of slip ring 2. Filter 4 is annular and fitted around the drill rod 3, located below slip ring 2. Slip ring 2 transmits electrical signals to filter 4, and filter 4 filters out the electrical signals transmitted by slip ring 2. Filter 4 is a frequency selection device. It allows specific frequency components of a signal to pass through while significantly attenuating or suppressing other frequency components. Filter 4 can transmit the specific signal transmitted by slip ring 2 and filter out the remaining signals. The electromagnetic resonator 7 includes a housing 17, an elastic element, and an electromagnetic coil 15. The housing 17 has an internal cavity, resembling a hollow cylinder. The cylindrical shape facilitates installation and fixation, forming a stable support between the upper and lower parts of the overall device, ensuring the correct position of the internal components, and also helping to prevent the deposition of impurities inside the cavity, reducing the workload of cleaning and maintenance. 7 is made of insulating material. The outer shell 17 serves as the protective structure for the entire electromagnetic resonator 7. Its main function is to protect the electromagnetic resonator 7 and ensure its stable operation under any conditions, especially in environments with magnetic fields. It also prevents internal electromagnetic leakage, thereby improving the safety and efficiency of the entire device. The outer shell 17 is located at the bottom of the drill rod 3. The elastic element and the electromagnetic coil 15 are both located inside the cavity. The elastic element has two ends, one end of which is connected to the bottom of the drill rod 3. The electromagnetic coil 15 is fitted onto the elastic element. The filter 4 transmits the filtered electrical signal to the electromagnetic coil 15. After receiving the electrical signal, the electromagnetic coil 15 generates an electromagnetic field. The magnetic force direction of the electromagnetic field is vertical and consistent with the extension and contraction direction of the elastic element. The main function of the electromagnetic coil 15 is to generate a magnetic field attraction through the current. The drill bit 8 is located at the end of the electromagnetic resonator 7 away from the drill rod 3. The magnetic field attraction can assist the drill bit 8 in breaking rocks. When the natural frequency of the rock breaking is consistent with the impact frequency of the electromagnetic resonance excitation, the rock will resonate. At this time, the rock vibration displacement is the largest and it is most likely to be damaged, thus achieving the purpose of resonant drilling. This device utilizes electromagnetic resonance impact. By using an electromagnetic resonator 7 to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the dynamic load, it maintains the resonance conditions between the drill bit 8 and the formation under different drilling conditions, thereby generating a stable and expanding fracture zone and achieving the goal of efficiently breaking hard rock formations.When this device is in operation, the current is first supplied by the slip ring 2 and transmitted to the electromagnetic coil 15 via the filter 4. The electromagnetic coil 15 is energized, generating a magnetic field at its poles. The filter 4 also generates a fixed electrical frequency, which affects the magnitude of the magnetic field's attraction. This attraction pulls the elastic element downwards. Simultaneously, the elastic element's own elasticity, the electromagnetic force of the magnetic field at the other pole, and the filter 4's influence on the magnetic field's attraction all work together. When a specific electrical frequency is reached, the magnetic field's attraction decreases, allowing the elastic element to return to its original position. The elastic element then repeatedly stretches and compresses, forming an inherent expansion and contraction frequency of the device system. Before and during drilling, the filter 4 plays a continuous role. The current passing through the filter 4 effectively filters out abnormal frequency components, ensuring a pure signal and selecting the effective excitation frequency band, enhancing the precise transmission of impact energy, and forming a stable wave frequency. During drilling, drill bit 8 contacts the rock, and the rock exerts an upward reaction force on the device. This reaction force is transmitted to the elastic element, causing it to be in a compressed state. Then, due to the filtering effect of filter 4 on the electrical signal, when the electromagnetic coil 15 reaches a specific electrical frequency, the electromagnetic field weakens. The elastic element rebounds and recovers due to the weakening of the external force, reaching a stretched state. At this time, the repeated working process forms an externally driven frequency. When the external driving frequency is close to or equal to the inherent frequency of the device system itself, a vibration phenomenon with a sharp increase in amplitude is generated, thereby assisting drill bit 8 in breaking the rock and increasing the drilling rate. At the same time, the rock resonates, which can also enhance the stability of rock breaking.

[0042] This embodiment provides a specific structure for an elastic element, further, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the elastic components include: a telescopic shaft 13, a spring 12, and a thrust ball bearing 14. The telescopic shaft 13 is vertically inserted into the cavity and has a telescopic function. The top end of the telescopic shaft 13 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drill rod 3. The drill bit 8 is located at the bottom end of the telescopic shaft 13. An insulating tube 26 is fitted onto the telescopic shaft 13, and an electromagnetic coil 15 is fitted onto the insulating tube 26. Therefore, the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 15 after being energized is vertical and consistent with the axial direction of the telescopic shaft 13. The electromagnetic coil 15 and the telescopic shaft 13 are in circumferential contact, facilitating the transmission of electromagnetic signals between the electromagnetic coil 15 and the telescopic shaft 13. Figures 4-6As shown, the electromagnetic coil 15 consists of wires wound in turns around an insulating tube 26, with the wires insulated from each other. The insulating tube 26 is hollow. The electromagnetic coil 15 operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When current flows through a wire, a certain electromagnetic field is generated around that wire. This electromagnetic field in turn induces a change in the current within the electromagnetic field, which in turn induces a change in magnetic field. This change in current in the wire itself generates a change in magnetic field, which further affects the current in the wire. The thrust ball bearing 14 is mounted around the telescopic shaft 13. The bottom end of the thrust ball bearing 14 contacts the top end of the electromagnetic coil 15. The spring 12 is fitted around the circumference of the telescopic shaft 13, so the extension / retraction direction of the spring 12 is also consistent with the axial direction of the telescopic shaft 13, meaning the extension / retraction direction of the spring 12 is consistent with the direction of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnetic coil 15. The top end of the spring 12 is fixed to the top of the cavity, and the bottom end of the spring 12 is fixed to the top end of the thrust ball bearing 14. The thrust ball bearing 14 is designed to withstand thrust loads during high-speed operation. It consists of washer-shaped raceways with ball-rolling grooves, and comprises a seat ring, a shaft ring, and a ball cage. Based on the load conditions, a double-direction thrust ball bearing is used. This type of bearing bears the axial load generated by the spring 12 and the electromagnetic coil 15 when the device impacts and breaks rocks, but does not bear radial loads, thus supporting the rotation of the entire device, reducing the static friction coefficient during operation, and ensuring the rotational accuracy of the device. While ensuring a sufficiently large inner diameter, the thrust ball bearing 14 is selected with the smallest possible outer diameter and thickness to reduce the overall length and volume of the device. Based on the working principle of the device, the elastic element reciprocates under the magnetic force and the reaction force of the drill bit 8 during drilling. That is, the spring 12 and the telescopic shaft 13 reciprocate together, forming an electromagnetic resonance excitation impact frequency. When the impact frequency is consistent with or close to the natural frequency of the rock when the drill bit 8 breaks the rock, the rock resonates and is stably broken.

[0043] like Figure 3As shown, the telescopic shaft 13 further includes: a first shaft, sleeves, and a second shaft 21. A spring 12 is fitted around the circumference of the first shaft. The top end of the first shaft is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drill rod 3. During operation, the electromagnetic resonator 7 is installed at the bottom end of the drill rod 3. When not in operation or after operation, the electromagnetic resonator 7 can be removed. The drill bit 8 can then be installed at the bottom end of the drill rod 3 for independent use. Multiple sleeves are fitted end-to-end, with the uppermost sleeve located at the bottom end of the first shaft. Thrust ball bearing 14 and insulating tube 26 are respectively fitted around the circumference of the multiple sleeves. The number of sleeves is set according to actual working conditions. In this embodiment, there are three sleeves: a first sleeve 18, a second sleeve 19, and a third sleeve 20. The first sleeve 18 is located at the bottom end of the first shaft; the second sleeve 19... The top end of the third sleeve 20 is fitted inside the first sleeve 18, and the thrust ball bearing 14 is fitted around the first sleeve 18 and the second sleeve 19. The top end of the third sleeve 20 is fitted inside the second sleeve 19, and the insulating tube 26 and the electromagnetic coil 15 are fitted around the second sleeve 19 and the third sleeve 20. The second shaft 21 passes through the bottom of the outer casing 17, with its top end inside the cavity and its bottom end outside the outer casing 17. The drill bit 8 is fixed to the bottom end of the second shaft 21, and the top end of the second shaft 21 is fitted inside the third sleeve 20. The first sleeve 18 and the second sleeve 19, the third sleeve 20 and the second sleeve 19, and the third sleeve 20 and the second shaft 21 are slidably connected by limiting structures. Figures 4-6 As shown, the electromagnetic coil 15 consists of two small coils assembled together through a casing. When the electromagnetic coil 15 is energized, the two interlocking electromagnetic rings generate an electromagnetic field at their poles, that is, a magnetic field is generated vertically above and below the two interlocking electromagnetic rings. The three sleeves placed in the magnetic field are subjected to the attraction of the magnetic field. In the initial state, the magnetic field pulls downward, thus pulling the three sleeves downward. When the sleeves move downward and extend past the middle position of the electromagnetic coil 15, they are attracted in the opposite direction. At this time, the magnetic field force is upward, and the sleeves reciprocate, thus forming a frequency inherent to the device system itself. When breaking rock, the continuous reaction force of the rock on the device forms an externally driven frequency, that is, the natural frequency of the rock. When the natural frequency of the rock and the natural frequency of the device system itself are close to or equal to each other, a vibration phenomenon with a sharp increase in amplitude is generated, thereby assisting the drill bit in breaking rock and increasing the drilling rate.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] As a further improvement on Embodiment 1, the top end of spring 12 is fixed to the top of the cavity via spring washer 9, which is also fitted and fixed circumferentially to the first shaft. The bottom end of the lower electromagnetic coil 15 abuts against the bottom of the cavity via coil washer 16, which is also fitted and fixed circumferentially to the second shaft 21. In this embodiment, spring washer 9 and coil washer 16 are used to prevent loosening. An M16 type spring washer 9 is selected based on the size of spring 12 and national standards. Finally, the fastener is tightened to a certain torque value. When the fastener is tightened, spring washer 9 is compressed, providing tension and preload at the connection. The main purpose of spring washer 9 is to provide tension and preload in the connecting assembly, which helps maintain clamping force and prevents loosening or loss of tension due to vibration, thermal cycling, or other factors. Spring washer 9 also helps absorb shocks and reduce the impact of cyclic loading on the connection, which can improve the durability and service life of the assembly. Furthermore, spring washer 9 can be used to compensate for minor misalignment or adjust the tension of the connection without requiring additional parts. The coil pad 16 is installed at the bottom of the electromagnetic coil 15 and in contact with the bottom of the inner shell 17. Its main function is to increase the contact area, distribute the pressure on the outer shell 17 and the electromagnetic coil 15, and prevent the soft electromagnetic coil 15 from being crushed.

[0046] Furthermore, the detachable connection structure between the first shaft and the drill rod 3 includes: an adapter shaft 5 and a pin 6. The adapter shaft 5 is vertically positioned at the bottom end of the drill rod 3; the pin 6 is positioned at the bottom end of the adapter shaft 5, and a through hole 10 is provided at the top of the first shaft. The pin 6 is fitted into the through hole 10, and the pin 6 is threadedly connected to the wall of the through hole 10. The threaded connection between the pin 6 and the through hole 10 uses a helical method with high torque, so that when the drill rod 3 rotates, it will not cause the pin 6 to rotate relative to the drill rod 3 within the through hole 10; instead, the pin 6, the entire telescopic shaft 13 below it, and other structures will rotate synchronously with the drill rod 3.

[0047] Furthermore, at least one air hole 11 is provided on the through hole 10. The air hole 11 is horizontally connected to the first shaft. The air hole 11 can realize the internal gas flow, that is, the interference fit is adopted. In this way, the adapter shaft 5 can rotate freely in the through hole 10, ensuring the reliability of the connection. The small interference fit can transmit a relatively small force. Applying a larger force will cause the adapter shaft 5 to rotate with the through hole 10. Assembly can be done by hammering with a wooden mallet.

[0048] In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in embodiment 1, except that optimizations have been made to embodiment 1.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] As a further improvement based on Example 1, such as Figure 3As shown, it further includes: a spring washer 22 and a spring washer retaining ring 23. The adapter shaft 5 includes two shafts with different diameters. The diameter of the lower shaft is smaller than that of the upper shaft. The spring washer 22 is fitted around the lower shaft. The spring washer 22 is used to ensure a stable connection between the adapter shaft 5 and the housing 17, reducing its looseness and enabling the machine to operate normally. The spring washer retaining ring 23 is fitted and fixed around the spring washer 22. The top end of the spring washer retaining ring 23 is fixed to the bottom end of the upper shaft. The spring washer retaining ring 23 can be used to fix the spring washer 22, achieving a more stable connection.

[0051] Furthermore, the outer diameter of the spring washer 22 is equal to the inner diameter of the thrust ball bearing 14. Since the spring washer 22 is fitted onto the telescopic shaft 13, and the inner diameter of the thrust ball bearing 14 is equal to the inner diameter of the telescopic shaft 13, the spring 12 can be effectively compressed when the bearing is pushed upward. Therefore, the inner diameters of the spring washer 22 and the thrust ball bearing 14 are equal to meet the installation and working requirements. The outer diameter of the spring washer 22 is equal to the outer diameter of the thrust ball bearing 14, which can minimize the force exerted by the thrust ball bearing 14 on the spring washer 9 through the spring 12.

[0052] In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in embodiment 1, except that optimizations have been made to embodiment 1.

[0053] Example 4

[0054] As a further improvement on Embodiment 1, the drill rod 3 is further shaped like a screw, and the bracket 1 is N-shaped, with the drill rod 3 passing through the top of the bracket 1 and threadedly connected to it. The bracket 1 adopts a "gantry" structure, similar to a gantry crane, which not only transmits power for the rotation and drilling of the drill rod 3 by installing a motor, but also provides support for the stable drilling of the impact tool, bearing its own weight and working load. The top of the drill rod 3 is connected to the bracket 1, and the entire electromagnetic resonator 7 is suspended by the gantry-type bracket 1 to achieve the purpose of vertical drilling impact rock breaking. The bracket 1 has a "T"-shaped design on both sides, so that when the resonance phenomenon occurs between the drill bit and the rock, the longitudinal vibration of the impact device can be effectively addressed by the bracket 1, ensuring accurate positioning of the drill bit when breaking the rock. Meanwhile, a drive unit is provided on the bracket 1. The output end of the drive unit is connected to the top end of the drill rod 3. The drive unit is used to drive the drill rod 3 to rotate. The drive unit can be a motor, a servo motor, or other rotary drive structure. In this embodiment, the motor of the drive unit has its output shaft fixed to the top end of the drill rod 3 to drive the drill rod 3 to rotate.

[0055] In this embodiment, the other structures are the same as in embodiment 1, except that optimizations have been made to embodiment 1.

[0056] The advantages of this invention lie in its use of electromagnetic resonance impact. By adjusting the frequency and amplitude of the dynamic load through an electromagnetic resonator, it maintains resonance between the drill bit and the formation under different drilling conditions, thereby generating a stable and expanding fracture zone. This achieves efficient rock breaking in hard rock formations while reducing axial impact on the drill bit and increasing its service life. In specific operation, the electromagnetic coil is energized, generating a magnetic field at its poles. The filter also generates a fixed electrical frequency, which affects the magnitude of the magnetic field's attraction. This attraction pulls the spring downwards. Simultaneously, the spring's own elasticity, the electromagnetic force of the magnetic field at the other pole, and the filter's influence on the magnetic field's attraction all work together. When a specific electrical frequency is reached, the magnetic field's attraction decreases, allowing the spring to return to its original position. The spring then repeatedly stretches and compresses, creating an inherent extension / retraction frequency within the system. When this frequency matches the natural frequency of the rock being broken, a vibration phenomenon with a sharply increased amplitude is generated, assisting the drill bit in rock breaking and increasing the drilling rate. Simultaneously, the rock resonance enhances the stability of the rock breaking process.

[0057] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic resonance impact tool, comprising: The drill pipe (3) is characterized in that it further includes: The slip ring (2) is fitted and fixed in the circumference of the drill rod (3); The filter (4) is fitted and fixed around the drill rod (3) and located below the slip ring (2); The electromagnetic resonator (7) includes a housing (17), a telescopic shaft (13), a spring (12), and an electromagnetic coil (15). The housing (17) has a cavity inside and is located at the bottom end of the drill rod (3). The telescopic shaft (13) is vertically inserted into the cavity and the top end of the telescopic shaft (13) is located at the bottom end of the drill rod (3). The spring (12) and the electromagnetic coil (15) are both fitted around the telescopic shaft (13). The top end of the spring (12) is fixed to the top of the cavity and the bottom end of the spring (12) abuts against the top of the electromagnetic coil (15). The filter (4) filters out the electrical signal transmitted by the slip ring (2) and transmits it to the electromagnetic coil (15). The electromagnetic coil (15) generates an electromagnetic field after receiving the electrical signal. The drill bit (8) is located at the bottom of the telescopic shaft (13). Under the action of the electromagnetic field, the spring (12) drives the drill bit (8) to reciprocate and extend to form an electromagnetic resonance excitation impact frequency. When the impact frequency is consistent with the natural frequency of the rock when the drill bit (8) breaks the rock, the rock resonates and stably breaks the rock. Two insulating tubes (26) are fitted on the telescopic shaft (13), and the electromagnetic coil (15) is respectively fitted on the two insulating tubes (26). The electromagnetic coil (15) abuts against the telescopic shaft (13) circumferentially. The telescopic shaft (13) includes: a first shaft, in which the spring (12) is fitted around the first shaft and the top end of the first shaft is detachably connected to the bottom end of the drill rod (3); multiple sleeves, fitted one end to the other, with the uppermost sleeve located at the bottom end of the first shaft and the insulating tube (26) fitted around the circumference of the multiple sleeves; a second shaft (21), which passes through the bottom of the outer shell (17), with the top end of the second shaft (21) located inside the cavity and the bottom end of the second shaft (21) located outside the outer shell (17), the drill bit (8) fixed to the bottom end of the second shaft (21), and the top end of the second shaft (21) fitted inside the lowermost sleeve, with adjacent sleeves and the second shaft (21) and the sleeves being slidably connected by a limiting structure; During operation, after being energized, the current is provided by the slip ring (2) and transmitted to the electromagnetic coil (15) via the filter (4). After the electromagnetic coil (15) on the two insulating tubes (26) is energized, electromagnetic fields are generated at both poles. The filter (4) generates a fixed electrical frequency. The magnetic field pulls the spring (12) downward. At the same time, the elastic force of the spring (12) itself, the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic field of the other pole, and the effect of the filter (4) on the magnitude of the magnetic field attraction are all combined. When a specific electrical frequency is reached, the magnetic field attraction decreases, the spring (12) returns to its original position, and the spring (12) reciprocates by stretching and compressing, forming a stretching frequency inherent to the device system itself. Before and during drilling, the current passes through the filter (4) to filter out abnormal frequencies, select the excitation frequency band, enhance the accurate transmission of impact energy, and form a stable wave frequency. During drilling, the drill bit (8) contacts the rock. The rock exerts an upward reaction force on the device, which is transmitted to the spring (12) to compress it. Then, due to the filtering effect of the filter (4) on the electrical signal, the electromagnetic field weakens when the electromagnetic coil (15) reaches a specific electrical frequency. The spring (12) rebounds and recovers due to the weakening of the external force, reaching the stretched state. At this time, the repeated working process forms an external driving frequency. When the external driving frequency is consistent with the inherent frequency of the device system itself, a vibration phenomenon with increased amplitude is generated, thereby assisting the drill bit (8) to break the rock and increase the drilling rate. At the same time, the rock resonates, enhancing the stability of rock breaking. By using the electromagnetic resonator (7) to adjust the frequency and amplitude of the drill bit (8), the resonance condition between the drill bit (8) and the formation is maintained under different drilling conditions to generate a stable and extended fracture zone, thereby breaking the hard rock formation.

2. The electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the spring (12) is fixed to the top of the cavity by a spring pad (9), and the spring pad (9) is fitted and fixed in the circumferential direction of the first shaft; the bottom end of the electromagnetic coil (15) abuts against the bottom of the cavity by a coil pad (16), and the coil pad (16) is fitted and fixed in the circumferential direction of the second shaft (21).

3. The electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable connection structure between the first shaft and the drill rod (3) includes: The adapter shaft (5) is vertically installed at the bottom end of the drill rod (3); A pin (6) is provided at the bottom end of the adapter shaft (5). A through hole (10) is provided at the top of the first shaft. The pin (6) is fitted into the through hole (10) and is threaded to the wall of the through hole (10).

4. The electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one air hole (11) is provided on the through hole (10), and the air hole (11) is horizontally connected to the first shaft.

5. An electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sleeve is circumferentially fitted with a thrust ball bearing (14), the bottom end of the spring (12) is fixed to the top end of the thrust ball bearing (14), and the bottom end of the thrust ball bearing (14) is in contact with the top end of the electromagnetic coil (15).

6. The electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Spring washer (22), the adapter shaft (5) includes two shafts with different diameters, the diameter of the lower shaft is smaller than the diameter of the upper shaft, and the spring washer (22) is fitted around the lower shaft. A spring washer retaining ring (23) is fitted and fixed around the spring washer ring (22), and the top end of the spring washer retaining ring (23) is fixed to the bottom end of the shaft located above.

7. An electromagnetic resonance impact tool according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the spring washer (22) is equal to the inner diameter of the thrust ball bearing (14).

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