Pipe gallery activity monitoring method and device based on optical fiber fault and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a pipe gallery activity monitoring method and device based on an optical fiber fault and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the position information of a fault point under the condition that a fault positioning unit detects at least one fault point; determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point position information; a fault analysis unit analyzes change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the fault point target position, and determines a fault type of the fault point target position according to the change characteristics; determining a pipe gallery activity type of the target position of the fault point according to the fault type; and generating corresponding intelligent decision information according to the pipe gallery activity type. According to the method, the pipe gallery activity type can be obtained based on the fault type, so that the pipe gallery activity is monitored in real time, corresponding intelligent decision information is generated according to the pipe gallery activity type, corresponding processing can be rapidly completed according to the intelligent decision information, and the loss caused by the pipe gallery activity is reduced to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to, but is not limited to, the field of information processing technologies, and particularly relates to a method, device, and storage medium for monitoring activities in a utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults. Background Art

[0002] A utility tunnel is an integrated underground corridor for urban pipelines. A utility tunnel is usually a tunnel space built underground in a city, integrating various engineering pipelines such as electricity, communication, gas, heating, water supply and drainage, etc., with dedicated inspection ports, hoisting ports, and monitoring systems, and implementing unified planning, unified design, unified construction, and unified management.

[0003] Currently, it is difficult to detect and monitor activities such as construction inside the utility tunnel in a timely manner, or when an intrusion occurs, which is likely to cause unnecessary losses to the utility tunnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The following is an overview of the subject matter described in detail in this document. This overview is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0005] The main objective of the embodiments of the present invention is to propose a method, device, and storage medium for monitoring activities in a utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults, which can monitor the activities in the utility tunnel in a timely manner and avoid unnecessary losses.

[0006] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present invention provide a method for monitoring activities in a utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults, which is applied to a utility tunnel activity monitoring system. The utility tunnel activity monitoring system includes an optical fiber disposed in the utility tunnel, and a plurality of monitoring modules disposed at different positions on the optical fiber. The monitoring module includes a fault location unit and a fault analysis unit. The method includes: When at least one fault point is detected by the fault location unit, obtaining fault point location information, where the fault point location information indicates the target location of the fault point; Determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point location information, where the target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission and located behind the target location of the fault point; Analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics; Determining the type of utility tunnel activity at the target location of the fault point according to the fault type; Generating corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the type of utility tunnel activity.

[0007] In some alternative embodiments, after determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics, the method further includes: The fault analysis unit analyzes the signal strength and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal, and determines the fault strength at the target position of the fault point according to the signal strength and signal integrity; Determine the processing level of the target position of the fault point according to the fault strength and the fault type; Generate the intelligent decision-making information in sequence according to the processing level.

[0008] In some alternative embodiments, the determining the processing level of the target position of the fault point according to the fault strength and the fault type includes: Convert the fault strength into an intensity scalar; Convert the fault type into a type vector through one-hot encoding; Combine the intensity scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix; Perform convolution calculation on the fault matrix and a preset convolution kernel to obtain a level vector; Map the level vector to the target position of the fault point to obtain the processing level.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, the fault location unit includes a laser, a coupler, a circulator, and a photodetector. Obtaining the fault point position information through the fault location unit includes: Emit a preset excitation light through the laser and transmit the preset excitation light to the coupler; Decompose the preset excitation light into a reference light and a detection light through the coupler, and transmit the detection light to the first interface of the circulator; Transmit the detection light to the optical fiber through the second interface of the circulator, so that the backward scattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is transmitted to the third interface of the circulator; Transmit the backward scattered light to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator, so that the backward scattered light and the reference light interfere in the coupler to generate an interference light, and transmit the interference light to the photodetector; Perform phase change analysis and processing on the interference light through the photodetector to obtain the fault point position information.

[0010] In some alternative embodiments, the analyzing, by the fault analysis unit, the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target position of the fault point, and determining the fault type of the target position of the fault point according to the change characteristics includes: Obtain a second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point through the fault analysis unit; Analyze the change characteristics of the second optical fiber signal through the fault analysis unit; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slopes of the rising edge and the falling edge are less than the preset slope, the pulse broadening is greater than the preset broadening, and the similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is greater than the similarity threshold, the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, where the historical change curve represents the change curve of the signal intensity, pulse broadening, and the slopes of the rising edge and the falling edge fitted from the historical data of the second optical fiber signal; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slopes of the rising edge and the falling edge are equal to the preset slope, the pulse broadening is equal to the preset broadening, and the phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold, the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slopes of the rising edge and the falling edge fluctuate irregularly, the pulse shape changes suddenly, and the phase drifts linearly, the fault type is configured as optical fiber stretching and extrusion.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a signal intensity lower than the minimum threshold and a phase interruption or jump, the fault type is configured as optical fiber breakage; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has an irregular signal intensity fluctuation, the fault type is configured as environmental interference; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation, the fault type is configured as external intrusion.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the first preset frequency, the fault type is configured as human knocking; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the second preset frequency, the fault type is configured as a vehicle passing by; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the third preset frequency, the fault type is configured as a person passing by.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments, the type of utility tunnel activity for determining the target location of the fault point according to the fault type includes: When the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, obtain the historical activity information of the target location of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber aging activity according to the historical activity information, where the optical fiber aging activity characterizes the activity that causes optical fiber aging; When the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending, obtain the first image information of the target location of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber extrusion activity according to the first image information, where the optical fiber extrusion activity characterizes the activity of personnel stepping on or burying the optical fiber, and the image information is obtained by a camera device arranged in the utility tunnel; When the fault type is configured as environmental interference, obtain the temperature and humidity information and the second image information of the target location of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as construction interference activity or local environmental interference activity according to the temperature and humidity information and the second image information, where the construction interference activity characterizes the activity that causes changes in the optical fiber environment during construction; When the fault type is configured as human knocking, obtain the third image information and maintenance information of the target location of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber maintenance activity or optical fiber human damage activity according to the third image information and the maintenance information; When the fault type is configured as a vehicle passing by, configure the type of utility tunnel activity as vehicle activity; When the fault type is configured as a person passing by, configure the type of utility tunnel activity as person activity.

[0014] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a utility tunnel activity monitoring device based on optical fiber faults, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where when the processor executes the computer program, it implements the utility tunnel activity monitoring method based on optical fiber faults described in the first aspect.

[0015] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium storing computer executable instructions for executing the utility tunnel activity monitoring method based on optical fiber faults described in the first aspect.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention include: when at least one fault point is detected by the fault location unit, obtaining the fault point location information, where the fault point location information indicates the target location of the fault point; determining the target analysis unit according to the fault point location information, where the target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission and located behind the target location of the fault point; analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics; determining the utility tunnel activity type of the target location of the fault point according to the fault type; generating corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the utility tunnel activity type. By the fault analysis unit, the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal at the target location of the fault point are obtained, and the fault type is determined according to the change characteristics. Based on the fault type, the utility tunnel activity type can be obtained, so as to monitor the activities of the utility tunnel in real time, and corresponding intelligent decision-making information is generated according to the utility tunnel activity type. The corresponding processing can be quickly completed according to the intelligent decision-making information, thereby minimizing the losses caused by the utility tunnel activities.

[0017] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and, in part, will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the specification, claims, and drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is the step flow block diagram of a utility tunnel activity monitoring method based on optical fiber faults provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic block diagram of the fault location unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic block diagram of the fault analysis unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of a controller provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Reference Numerals: Controller 1000, Processor 1100, Memory 1200. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0020] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical sequence is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in a different module division from that in the device or a different order from that in the flowchart. Terms such as "first" and "second" in the description, claims or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence.

[0022] A utility tunnel is an underground integrated corridor for urban pipelines. Usually, a tunnel space is built underground in a city, integrating various engineering pipelines such as electricity, communication, gas, heating, water supply and drainage, etc. It is equipped with special inspection openings, hoisting openings and monitoring systems, and implements unified planning, unified design, unified construction and management.

[0023] At present, it is difficult to detect and monitor in time when construction and other activities are carried out inside the utility tunnel or when it encounters intrusion, which is likely to cause unnecessary losses to the utility tunnel.

[0024] To solve the above existing problems, the present application provides a method, device and storage medium for monitoring utility tunnel activities based on optical fiber faults.

[0025] In the present application, a method, device and storage medium for monitoring utility tunnel activities based on optical fiber faults are provided, and will be described in detail one by one in the following embodiments.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for monitoring utility tunnel activities based on optical fiber faults, which is applied to a utility tunnel activity monitoring system. The utility tunnel activity monitoring system includes an optical fiber arranged in the utility tunnel and a plurality of monitoring modules arranged at different positions on the optical fiber. The monitoring module includes a fault location unit and a fault analysis unit. The method includes: S100. When at least one fault point is detected by the fault location unit, obtain the fault point location information, where the fault point location information indicates the target location of the fault point; S200. Determine the target analysis unit according to the fault point location information, where the target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission and located behind the target location of the fault point; S300. Analyze the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point through the fault analysis unit, and determine the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics; S400. Determine the type of utility tunnel activity at the target location of the fault point according to the fault type; S500. Generate corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the type of utility tunnel activity.

[0027] Specifically, the fault location unit can be based on optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR) technology or phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (Φ-OTDR) technology (the specific technology is not limited). OTDR technology: A light pulse is launched into the optical fiber, and by measuring the optical signal returned due to reflection, scattering, etc. when the light pulse propagates in the optical fiber, the position of the fault point is determined according to the round-trip time of the light pulse and the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber. When the light pulse encounters a fault point (such as breakage, severe bending, etc.) in the optical fiber, obvious reflection or scattering changes will occur, and the fault location unit detects and records the position information of the fault point accordingly.

[0028] Φ-OTDR technology: Utilizes the phase change of the backward Rayleigh scattered light in the optical fiber to detect the disturbance and fault of the optical fiber. When the optical fiber is affected by external factors (such as vibration, stress, etc.), it will cause the phase of the backward Rayleigh scattered light to change, and the fault location unit locates the fault point by monitoring these phase changes.

[0029] After obtaining the position information of the fault point, the system determines the next fault analysis unit along the signal transmission direction of the optical fiber and behind the target position of the fault point as the target analysis unit according to the topological structure of the optical fiber and the signal transmission direction. This can be achieved through the pre-set optical fiber layout information and the position coordinates provided by the fault location unit. For example, a monitoring module is set at a certain distance (such as 100 meters) in the pipe gallery. When the fault point is located at the 350-meter mark, the fault analysis unit at the 400-meter mark will be determined as the target analysis unit.

[0030] The fault analysis unit analyzes the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target position of the fault point to determine the fault type. The common change characteristics and corresponding fault types are as follows: Light intensity change: If the light intensity drops sharply, it may be due to optical fiber breakage or severe connection loss; if the light intensity drops slowly, it may be due to optical fiber aging or increased loss caused by excessive bending.

[0031] Pulse shape change: Pulse broadening may indicate dispersion problems or local non-uniformity in the optical fiber; pulse splitting or deformation may be due to non-linear effects or severe reflections in the optical fiber.

[0032] Phase change: The phase change detected by the interference measurement technique may be related to the stress, temperature change, or vibration experienced by the optical fiber.

[0033] The fault analysis unit can use signal processing algorithms (such as Fourier transform, wavelet transform, etc.) to analyze the optical fiber signal, extract these change characteristics, and compare them with the pre-established fault type database to determine the fault type of the fault point.

[0034] Determine the type of utility tunnel activity based on the fault type, which requires establishing the correlation between the fault type and the utility tunnel activity. For example: Fiber optic cable break: It may be caused by external force damage such as construction activities or mechanical collisions inside the utility tunnel; Fiber optic cable aging: It may be related to long-term environmental factors such as temperature and humidity changes or chemical corrosion inside the utility tunnel; Fiber optic cable vibration: It may be caused by equipment operation, vehicle driving or personnel activities inside the utility tunnel. Through this correlation, the system can infer the type of utility tunnel activity that may cause the fault from the fault type.

[0035] Based on the determined type of utility tunnel activity, the system generates corresponding intelligent decision-making information to guide the operation and maintenance of the utility tunnel. For example: Fault caused by construction activities: The decision-making information may include suggestions such as suspending construction, conducting safety inspections on the construction area, and repairing damaged fiber optic cables. Fiber optic cable aging caused by environmental factors: The decision-making information may include improving the ventilation and dehumidification conditions of the utility tunnel, protecting the corroded area, and regularly checking the aging condition of the fiber optic cables. Vibration caused by equipment operation: The decision-making information may include maintaining and debugging the equipment, adding shock absorption measures, and optimizing the equipment operation parameters.

[0036] In some alternative embodiments, after determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics, the method further includes: Analyze the signal strength and signal integrity of the fiber optic signal through the fault analysis unit, and determine the fault intensity of the target location of the fault point according to the signal strength and signal integrity; Determine the processing level of the target location of the fault point according to the fault intensity and the fault type; Generate the intelligent decision-making information in sequence according to the processing level.

[0037] Specifically, the fault analysis unit determines the fault intensity of the target location of the fault point by analyzing the signal strength and signal integrity of the fiber optic signal. The specific process is as follows: Signal strength analysis: The fault analysis unit monitors the light intensity value of the fiber optic signal in real time. Compare the light intensity value of the target location of the fault point with the light intensity value in the normal state. For example, the normal light intensity value is and the light intensity value after the fault is The degree of change in signal strength can be measured by calculating the light intensity attenuation rate The higher the attenuation rate, the greater the impact of the fault on the signal strength.

[0038] Signal Integrity Analysis: Signal integrity can be evaluated from multiple aspects, such as the degree of distortion of the pulse shape, the bit error rate, etc. By analyzing the waveform of the optical pulse, it is judged whether there are abnormal conditions such as pulse broadening, splitting, and oscillation. At the same time, calculate the bit error rate during signal transmission. The higher the bit error rate, the worse the signal integrity. Corresponding index weights can be set, and various indexes of signal strength and signal integrity are combined to obtain a quantified fault strength value . For example, the weight of the signal strength attenuation rate is , the weight of the pulse distortion degree is , the weight of the bit error rate is , and + + = 1, then the fault strength is expressed as: = × + × Pulse distortion index + × Bit error rate index.

[0039] Determine the processing level of the target location of the fault point according to the fault strength and fault type. The specific steps are as follows: Establish the mapping relationship between fault strength and fault type: Preset the corresponding relationship between fault strength and processing level under different fault types. For example, for the fault type of fiber breakage, when the fault strength is greater than a certain threshold , the processing level is urgent; when is between the threshold and , the processing level is serious; when is less than , the processing level is general. For the fault type of fiber aging, the setting of the threshold can be different and is not limited here; it can also be sorted in sequence according to the size of the fault strength to determine different processing levels, which are not specifically limited

[0040] Determine the processing level: According to the fault strength value calculated by the fault analysis unit and the known fault type, search for the above mapping relationship between fault strength and fault type to determine the processing level of the target location of the fault point. The processing level can be divided into multiple levels such as urgent, serious, and general (or the processing sequence value, the smaller the sequence value, the higher the processing level) so as to take different countermeasures according to different levels later

[0041] Generate intelligent decision-making information in sequence according to the processing level. The specific content is as follows: Emergency handling level: When the handling level is emergency, the intelligent decision-making information should include immediately stopping relevant activities that may cause failures (such as construction activities in the utility tunnel), quickly organizing professional maintenance personnel to rush to the failure point for emergency repair, and comprehensively inspecting other equipment and lines in the utility tunnel to prevent the occurrence of secondary failures. Relevant departments and personnel, such as the utility tunnel management department and the safety supervision department, can also be notified to make timely emergency preparations and coordination work.

[0042] Serious handling level: For the serious handling level, the intelligent decision-making information can include arranging for maintenance personnel to arrive at the failure point for repair within a specified time (such as within 24 hours), conducting in-depth investigation and analysis of the cause of the failure, formulating corresponding preventive measures to avoid the recurrence of similar failures. At the same time, closely monitor the optical fibers and equipment around the failure point to ensure their normal operation.

[0043] General handling level: When the handling level is general, the intelligent decision-making information can be to arrange a regular inspection and maintenance plan, further observe and evaluate the failure point, and gradually repair the failure according to the actual situation. The relevant equipment and lines in the utility tunnel can be optimized and adjusted to improve their stability and reliability.

[0044] In some alternative embodiments, determining the handling level of the target location of the failure point according to the failure intensity and the failure type includes: converting the failure intensity into an intensity scalar; converting the failure type into a type vector through one-hot encoding; combining the intensity scalar and the type vector into a failure matrix; performing a convolution calculation on the failure matrix with a preset convolution kernel to obtain a level vector; and mapping the level vector to the target location of the failure point to obtain the handling level.

[0045] Specifically, the failure intensity is a quantization value obtained by analyzing the signal intensity and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal previously. For the convenience of subsequent processing, it is converted into a single scalar value. For example, if the previously calculated failure intensity is a comprehensive index (such as the value obtained by weighted calculation mentioned above), it can be directly used as the intensity scalar. Or, further normalize it according to the actual situation so that its value range is between 0 and 1, such as using the formula: ; where and are the minimum and maximum values of the failure intensity respectively.

[0046] Converting the failure type into a type vector through one-hot encoding: One-hot encoding is a method of converting categorical variables into vector form. Assume that the utility tunnel failure types are types, such as fiber breakage, fiber aging, fiber bending, etc. For each type of fault, create a vector of length , where only the position corresponding to the fault type is 1 and the rest are 0. For example, if there are three types of faults, namely "fiber breakage", "fiber aging", and "fiber bending", when the fault type is "fiber breakage", the one-hot encoded type vector is [1, 0, 0]; when the fault type is "fiber aging", the type vector is [0, 1, 0], and so on, which will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Combine the intensity scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix: Combine the obtained intensity scalar and type vector together to form a fault matrix. The intensity scalar is , and the type vector is , then the fault matrix can be represented as a 1×( + 1) matrix, that is .

[0048] After performing convolution calculation on the fault matrix with a preset convolution kernel, obtain a level vector: The preset convolution kernel is a matrix designed based on experience or historical data, used to extract features from the fault matrix and calculate the processing level. Let the preset convolution kernel be , which is a 1×( + 1) matrix, and the elements in it are weights determined according to the importance evaluation of different fault intensities and fault types. For example, , where corresponds to the weight of the fault intensity, and correspond to the weights of different fault types respectively. The convolution calculation is an operation of multiplying the elements of the fault matrix and the preset convolution kernel and summing them up. The specific calculation process is as follows: ; where is the -th element of the fault matrix , and is the -th element of the preset convolution kernel . The calculation result is a scalar value, which is extended to a 1×1 matrix, that is, the level vector is obtained.

[0049] After mapping the level vector to the target position of the fault point, the processing level is obtained: According to a preset mapping rule, the value of the level vector is mapped to the corresponding processing level. Multiple thresholds can be set to divide the value of the level vector into different intervals, and each interval corresponds to a processing level. For example, when the value of the level vector is between 0 and 0.3, the processing level is "low"; when it is between 0.3 and 0.7, the processing level is "medium"; when it is between 0.7 and 1, the processing level is "high". Through this mapping relationship, the level vector is associated with the target position of the fault point to obtain the processing level of the fault point.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, the fault location unit includes a laser, a coupler, a circulator, and a photodetector. Obtaining the fault point position information through the fault location unit includes: Exciting a preset excitation light through the laser and delivering the preset excitation light to the coupler; Decomposing the preset excitation light into a reference light and a detection light through the coupler and delivering the detection light to the first interface of the circulator; Delivering the detection light to an optical fiber through the second interface of the circulator so that the backward scattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is delivered to the third interface of the circulator; Delivering the backward scattered light to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator so that the backward scattered light and the reference light interfere in the coupler to generate an interference light, and delivering the interference light to the photodetector; Obtaining the fault point position information through phase change analysis and processing of the interference light by the photodetector.

[0051] Specifically, referring to Figure 2, the laser emits a preset excitation light according to set parameters (such as wavelength, power, pulse width, etc.). The preset excitation light has optical pulses with certain characteristics so that detectable backscattered light can be generated when transmitted in the optical fiber. Then, the laser delivers the excited preset excitation light to the coupler. The coupler distributes the input optical signal according to a certain ratio. In the coupler, the preset excitation light is decomposed into two parts, one part serves as the reference light and the other part serves as the detection light. The reference light will be used for subsequent interference comparison with the backscattered light, while the detection light is delivered to the first interface of the circulator. The circulator is a multi-port optical device that can make the optical signal transmit along a specific path. Through the second interface of the circulator, the detection light is delivered into the optical fiber. When the detection light is transmitted in the optical fiber, due to the inhomogeneity inside the optical fiber (such as slight differences in molecular structure), backscattered light will be generated. These backscattered lights will propagate backward along the optical fiber and finally reach the third interface of the circulator. The function of the circulator is to ensure that the detection light can smoothly enter the optical fiber and the backscattered light can be accurately guided to the subsequent processing link.

[0052] The backscattered light is delivered back to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator. Here, the backscattered light interferes with the reference light separated before. Interference means that two beams of light are superposed on each other. Due to their different phase differences, bright and dark interference fringes will be generated (in actual optical signal processing, it is manifested as the change of light intensity). The generated interference light is then delivered to the photodetector.

[0053] The function of the photodetector is to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal for subsequent signal processing. For the interference light, the photodetector will detect the change of its light intensity and convert it into the corresponding electrical signal. Since the phase change of the backscattered light is closely related to the characteristics of different positions in the optical fiber (such as whether there is a fault, the type and degree of the fault, etc.), by analyzing and processing the phase change of the interference light (for example, using signal processing algorithms, Fourier transform, etc.), the information of different positions of the optical signal in the optical fiber can be obtained. According to the propagation speed of light in the optical fiber and the time difference of the return of the backscattered light, the position information of the fault point can be calculated.

[0054] In some alternative embodiments, the analyzing, by the fault analysis unit, of the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target position of the fault point and determining the fault type of the target position of the fault point according to the change characteristics includes: obtaining, by the fault analysis unit, a second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point; analyzing, by the fault analysis unit, the change characteristics of the second optical fiber signal; When the change characteristics indicate that the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold compared with the first optical fiber signal, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is less than the preset slope, the pulse broadening is greater than the preset broadening, and the similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is greater than the similarity threshold, configure the fault type as optical fiber aging. The historical change curve represents the change curve of the signal intensity, pulse broadening, and the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge fitted by the historical data of the second optical fiber signal. When the change characteristics indicate that the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold compared with the first optical fiber signal, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is equal to the preset slope, the pulse broadening is equal to the preset broadening, and the phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold, configure the fault type as optical fiber bending. When the change characteristics indicate that the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold compared with the first optical fiber signal, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge fluctuates irregularly, the pulse shape changes suddenly, and the phase drifts linearly, configure the fault type as optical fiber stretching and squeezing.

[0055] Specifically, the fault analysis unit first needs to obtain the first optical fiber signal, which usually refers to the signal characteristics of the optical fiber in the normal state or before passing through the target position of the fault point. Then, obtain the second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point. The fault analysis unit will conduct a detailed analysis of multiple characteristics of the second optical fiber signal, mainly including signal intensity, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge, pulse broadening, phase fluctuation, and the historical change curve of the signal, etc. The changes in these characteristics can reflect the actual condition of the optical fiber at the target position of the fault point.

[0056] When the change characteristics present the following situation, the fault type can be configured as optical fiber aging: the signal intensity continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold. As the optical fiber ages, its internal structure will gradually change. For example, the molecular structure of the optical fiber material changes, impurities increase, etc., which will lead to an increase in the loss of light during transmission in the optical fiber, resulting in a continuous decrease in the signal intensity. When the signal intensity is lower than the preset first threshold, it indicates that the aging degree of the optical fiber has had a relatively obvious impact on signal transmission.

[0057] The slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is less than the preset slope. The aging of the optical fiber will slow down the response speed of the optical fiber, resulting in a smoother rising edge and falling edge of the optical signal, and its slope is less than the preset slope, indicating that the change speed of the signal is not as fast as in the normal situation.

[0058] The pulse broadening is greater than the preset broadening: Aging optical fibers can cause greater dispersion of optical pulses during transmission, resulting in the pulse broadening exceeding the preset broadening value. This is because after the optical fiber ages, characteristics such as its refractive index distribution change, increasing the difference in the propagation speeds of light components with different frequencies in the optical fiber.

[0059] The similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is greater than the similarity threshold: By analyzing the historical data of the second optical fiber signal, change curves of signal intensity, pulse broadening, and the inclination rates of the rising and falling edges are fitted. If the similarity between this historical change curve and the preset aging curve is high, exceeding the similarity threshold, then the aging problem of the optical fiber can be further confirmed.

[0060] If the change characteristics meet the following conditions, the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending: The signal intensity continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold: When the optical fiber is bent, some light will leak out of the optical fiber, resulting in a continuous decrease in the signal intensity. When it drops below the first threshold, it indicates that the bending degree has had a greater impact on signal transmission. The inclination rates of the rising and falling edges are equal to the preset slope: In the case of optical fiber bending, the inclination rates of the rising and falling edges are relatively stable and equal to the preset slope. This is because optical fiber bending mainly affects light leakage and loss, and has relatively little impact on the rising and falling speeds of the signal. The pulse broadening is equal to the preset broadening: Moderate optical fiber bending will cause a certain degree of broadening of the optical pulse during transmission, but this broadening is relatively stable and equal to the preset broadening value. The phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold: Optical fiber bending will cause the propagation path of light to change, thereby causing fluctuations in the phase of the optical signal. When the phase fluctuation amplitude exceeds the second threshold, it indicates that the optical fiber bending has had an obvious impact on the phase of the optical signal.

[0061] When the change characteristics are as follows, the fault type is configured as optical fiber stretching and squeezing: The signal intensity continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold: When the optical fiber is stretched or squeezed, its internal structure will deform, resulting in an increase in the loss of light during transmission in the optical fiber, and the signal intensity continuously decreases and is lower than the first threshold. The inclination rates of the rising and falling edges fluctuate irregularly: Stretching or squeezing will cause uneven changes in the physical characteristics of the optical fiber, resulting in irregular fluctuations in the inclination rates of the rising and falling edges of the signal. The pulse shape suddenly changes: Stretching or squeezing of the optical fiber will cause sudden interference to the optical pulse during transmission, resulting in a sudden change in the pulse shape, such as the top of the pulse becoming flat or having spikes. The phase undergoes a linear drift: Stretching or squeezing will cause changes in the length and refractive index of the optical fiber, resulting in a linear drift of the phase of the optical signal. This linear drift is an important characteristic of the optical fiber being stretched or squeezed.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments, the method further includes: When the change feature indicates that the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal is lower than the minimum threshold and there is a phase interruption or jump compared with the first optical fiber signal, configure the fault type as optical fiber breakage; When the change feature indicates that the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal fluctuates irregularly compared with the first optical fiber signal, configure the fault type as environmental interference; When the change feature indicates that the second optical fiber signal has periodic phase fluctuations compared with the first optical fiber signal, configure the fault type as external intrusion.

[0063] Specifically, when the change feature shows that "the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal is lower than the minimum threshold and there is a phase interruption or jump compared with the first optical fiber signal", configure the fault type as optical fiber breakage.

[0064] Signal intensity lower than the minimum threshold: Optical fiber breakage will cause the optical signal to be unable to be transmitted normally, and a large amount of light leaks out at the break, resulting in a sharp drop in the signal intensity received by the receiving end, far lower than the minimum threshold under normal conditions. This minimum threshold is preset according to the signal intensity range when the optical fiber is working normally. When the signal intensity is lower than this threshold, it indicates that there may be a serious interruption in the transmission link of the optical fiber.

[0065] Phase interruption or jump: When an optical signal is transmitted in an optical fiber, its phase changes continuously. When the optical fiber breaks, the transmission path of the optical signal is truncated, resulting in a sudden interruption or jump in the phase. This abnormal change in the phase is an important feature of optical fiber breakage because, under normal circumstances, the phase change of the optical fiber is relatively smooth and continuous, and such a mutation only occurs when serious faults such as breakage occur.

[0066] If the change feature is that "the signal intensity of the second optical fiber signal fluctuates irregularly compared with the first optical fiber signal", then configure the fault type as environmental interference.

[0067] Irregular signal intensity fluctuations: Environmental factors (such as nearby electromagnetic interference, rapid temperature changes, vibrations, etc.) will affect the optical signal in the optical fiber, resulting in irregular fluctuations in the signal intensity. These fluctuations have no obvious pattern and are different from the relatively stable signal changes caused by faults such as optical fiber aging and bending. For example, when a strong electromagnetic device is operating nearby, it will generate electromagnetic interference, interfering with the transmission of the optical signal and causing the signal intensity to fluctuate up and down. Rapid temperature changes will cause the optical fiber to expand and contract thermally, thereby affecting the transmission characteristics of the optical signal and resulting in signal intensity fluctuations.

[0068] When the change feature shows that "there is a periodic phase fluctuation in the second optical fiber signal compared with the first optical fiber signal", configure the fault type as external intrusion.

[0069] Periodic phase fluctuation: External intrusion (such as activities like someone digging or knocking in the pipe gallery) will cause periodic disturbances to the optical fiber, resulting in periodic fluctuations in the phase of the optical signal. This periodic fluctuation reflects the frequency and characteristics of the external intrusion activity. For example, when someone digs near the optical fiber, the knocking of the digging tool on the ground will generate periodic vibrations, which will be transmitted to the optical fiber, causing periodic changes in the refractive index of the optical fiber, and further resulting in periodic fluctuations in the phase of the optical signal. By analyzing parameters such as the frequency and amplitude of this periodic phase fluctuation, the type and intensity of the external intrusion can be further determined.

[0070] In some alternative embodiments, the method further includes: When the change feature indicates that there is a periodic phase fluctuation of the second optical fiber signal compared with the first optical fiber signal at a first preset frequency, configure the fault type as human knocking; When the change feature indicates that there is a periodic phase fluctuation of the second optical fiber signal compared with the first optical fiber signal at a second preset frequency, configure the fault type as vehicle passing by; When the change feature indicates that there is a periodic phase fluctuation of the second optical fiber signal compared with the first optical fiber signal at a third preset frequency, configure the fault type as person passing by.

[0071] Specifically, when the phase of the second optical fiber signal shows a periodic fluctuation at a first preset frequency compared with the first optical fiber signal, the fault type is determined as human knocking. Human knocking usually has a certain rhythm, which will cause periodic minute deformations of the optical fiber, so that the phase of the optical signal changes periodically according to the knocking rhythm. The first preset frequency is determined by multiple experiments or actual observations of the phase fluctuation frequency caused by human knocking on objects near the optical fiber.

[0072] If the phase of the second optical fiber signal fluctuates periodically at a second preset frequency, configure the fault type as vehicle passing by. When a vehicle is moving, the contact of its tires with the ground, the vibration of the engine, etc. will all generate vibrations at specific frequencies, and these vibrations transmitted to the optical fiber will cause periodic phase fluctuations. The second preset frequency is determined according to the typical vibration frequency generated by vehicle driving.

[0073] When the phase of the second optical fiber signal fluctuates periodically at a third preset frequency, the fault type is set as a person passing by. When a person walks, the contact between the footsteps and the ground will generate regular vibrations, and the transmission of such vibrations to the optical fiber will cause periodic changes in the phase. The third preset frequency is determined based on the vibration frequency generated during normal walking of a person.

[0074] In some alternative embodiments, the type of utility tunnel activity for determining the target position of the fault point according to the fault type includes: In the case where the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, obtain the historical activity information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber aging activity according to the historical activity information, where the optical fiber aging activity represents the activity that causes optical fiber aging; In the case where the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending, obtain the first image information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber extrusion activity according to the first image information, where the optical fiber extrusion activity represents the activity of a person stepping on or burying the optical fiber, and the image information is obtained through a camera device arranged in the utility tunnel; In the case where the fault type is configured as environmental interference, obtain the temperature and humidity information and the second image information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as construction interference activity or local environmental interference activity according to the temperature and humidity information and the second image information, where the construction interference activity represents the activity that causes changes in the optical fiber environment during construction; In the case where the fault type is configured as human knocking, obtain the third image information and maintenance information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber maintenance activity or optical fiber human damage activity according to the third image information and the maintenance information; In the case where the fault type is configured as a vehicle passing by, configure the type of utility tunnel activity as vehicle activity; In the case where the fault type is configured as a person passing by, configure the type of utility tunnel activity as person activity.

[0075] Specifically, when the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as optical fiber aging according to the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal, such as the signal intensity continuously decreasing and being lower than the first threshold, the inclination rate of the rising edge and the falling edge being less than the preset slope, the pulse broadening being greater than the preset broadening, and the similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve being greater than the similarity threshold, etc., it will trigger the subsequent process of determining the type of utility tunnel activity.

[0076] Obtain historical activity information: At this time, it is necessary to obtain the historical activity information of the target location of the fault point. This information can include the environmental conditions at this location over a past period of time (such as being in a high-temperature, high-humidity environment for a long time, or frequently coming into contact with corrosive gases, etc.), the service life of the optical fiber, and whether it has suffered minor external damage. These historical activity information can be obtained from multiple aspects such as the operation and maintenance records of the pipe gallery, environmental monitoring data, and relevant construction records.

[0077] Determine the pipe gallery activity type: Based on the obtained historical activity information, analyze the specific activities that led to the aging of the optical fiber, and then configure the pipe gallery activity type as an optical fiber aging activity. For example, if the historical activity information shows that this location has been in a high-humidity environment for a long time and the service life of the optical fiber is relatively long, then it can be judged that the high-humidity environment and long-term use are the main reasons for the aging of the optical fiber, and the pipe gallery activity type is the optical fiber aging activity related to these factors.

[0078] Determination of the optical fiber bending fault type and the pipe gallery activity type: Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as optical fiber bending based on change characteristics such as the signal strength continuously decreasing and being lower than the first threshold, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge being equal to the preset slope, the pulse broadening being equal to the preset broadening, and the phase fluctuation amplitude being greater than the second threshold, enter the step of determining the pipe gallery activity type.

[0079] Obtain the first image information: Through the camera devices set in the pipe gallery, obtain the first image information of the target location of the fault point. These camera devices can be surveillance cameras distributed at various key positions in the pipe gallery, which can record the image situation at this location in real time or after the fault occurs.

[0080] Determine the pipe gallery activity type: Analyze based on the obtained first image information. If the image shows a picture of someone stepping on the optical fiber, or there are obvious signs of burial around the optical fiber (such as soil covering, debris accumulation, etc.), then the pipe gallery activity type can be configured as an optical fiber extrusion activity, that is, it is considered that the activity of someone stepping on or burying the optical fiber led to the optical fiber bending fault.

[0081] Determination of the environmental interference fault type and the pipe gallery activity type: Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as environmental interference according to change characteristics such as the signal strength fluctuating irregularly, start to determine the pipe gallery activity type.

[0082] Obtain the temperature and humidity information and the second image information: On the one hand, obtain the temperature and humidity information of the target location of the fault point through the temperature and humidity sensors set in the pipe gallery to understand the current environmental temperature and humidity conditions at this location. On the other hand, once again use the camera devices in the pipe gallery to obtain the second image information to check whether there is any construction activity in progress.

[0083] Determine the type of utility tunnel activity: Make a comprehensive judgment based on the obtained temperature and humidity information and the second image information. If the second image information shows a construction scene (such as workers performing excavation, installing equipment, etc.), and the temperature and humidity information also shows significant changes compared to the normal situation (for example, the temperature suddenly rises, the humidity drops sharply, etc.), then it can be determined that the construction has caused changes in the optical fiber environment, and the type of utility tunnel activity is configured as construction interference activity. If there are no signs of construction in the second image information, but abnormal fluctuations occur in environmental factors such as temperature and humidity, the type of utility tunnel activity can be configured as local environmental interference activity, that is, it is considered that other environmental factors (such as sudden changes in natural climate, etc.) have caused interference to the optical fiber.

[0084] Determination of human knocking fault type and utility tunnel activity type: Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as human knocking based on change characteristics such as the periodic fluctuation of the signal phase at the first preset frequency, determine the type of utility tunnel activity.

[0085] Obtain the third image information and maintenance information: Obtain the third image information of the target position of the fault point through the camera device, and check whether there are personnel operating at this position. At the same time, obtain the maintenance information from the operation and maintenance management system of the utility tunnel or relevant records to understand whether there is a maintenance operation in progress or whether maintenance has been carried out recently.

[0086] Determine the type of utility tunnel activity: Make a judgment based on the obtained third image information and maintenance information. If the third image information shows that maintenance personnel are operating, and the maintenance information can also prove that this is a normal maintenance operation (such as having a maintenance work order, maintenance records, etc.), then the type of utility tunnel activity is configured as optical fiber maintenance activity. If there is no evidence related to maintenance, or the personnel behavior shown in the image does not seem to be a normal maintenance operation (such as randomly knocking on the optical fiber, etc.), then the type of utility tunnel activity can be configured as optical fiber human damage activity.

[0087] Determination of vehicle passing fault type and utility tunnel activity type: Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as vehicle passing based on change characteristics such as the periodic fluctuation of the signal phase at the second preset frequency, since the cause of this fault type is relatively clear, directly configure the type of utility tunnel activity as vehicle activity, that is, it is considered that the vibration or other impacts generated when the vehicle is driving in the utility tunnel have caused changes in the optical fiber signal.

[0088] Determination of personnel passing fault type and utility tunnel activity type: Fault type judgment: When the fault analysis unit configures the fault type as "person passing by" based on the change characteristics such as the periodic fluctuation of the signal phase at the third preset frequency, since the fault cause is relatively clear, the pipe gallery activity type is directly configured as "personnel activity", that is, it is considered that the vibration or other factors generated when a person walks in the pipe gallery cause the change of the optical fiber signal.

[0089] Refer to Figure 3 , in some optional embodiments, the fault analysis unit includes an optical splitter and an optical fiber signal analysis module; the optical splitter separates a preset part of the optical fiber signal in the optical fiber to the optical fiber signal analysis module for analysis and processing. The preset part can be one percent or other, and no specific limitation is made.

[0090] In some optional embodiments, after generating the intelligent decision-making information, the intelligent decision-making information, the specific fault type, the corresponding view information, etc. are distributed by dispatch to the corresponding engineers, maintenance personnel or relevant department personnel for processing. First, the optical fiber faults at the target positions of the fault points with a high processing level are dispatched for processing. The task sheets of the optical fiber faults are sent to different engineers and / or maintenance personnel according to the specific fault type and the processing level, so that the optical fiber faults can be processed in a timely and effective manner. When the corresponding engineers and / or maintenance personnel have no free time, the task sheets of the optical fiber faults are distributed to the engineers and / or maintenance personnel who process the optical fiber faults at the previous or next level. The previous level is the previous processing level, and similarly, the next level is the next processing level. By performing corresponding upgrade or downgrade processing on the matching engineers and / or maintenance personnel, the task sheets of the optical fiber faults are distributed and processed in a timely manner, so as to process the optical fiber faults in a timely manner. When dispatching the task sheets of the optical fiber faults, the intelligent decision-making information, the tools to be carried, the operation steps, the precautions, and the quality inspection after installation are also packaged and sent to the corresponding engineers and / or maintenance personnel for easy viewing and standardized operation. Within a preset time period after the distribution of the task sheets of the optical fiber faults, if the engineers and / or maintenance personnel who receive the task sheets do not process them, corresponding information is sent to remind the relevant engineers and / or maintenance personnel. After the engineers and / or maintenance personnel determine that they have no time to process, the task sheets are re-assigned to other available engineers and / or maintenance personnel who can process them immediately, so as to avoid increasing the losses and hazards caused by the optical fiber faults after a long time; among them, the preset time period is determined according to the specific processing level, that is, the optical fiber faults with a high processing level have a shorter preset time period compared with the optical fiber faults with a low processing level. The specific time is determined according to the actual situation and is not limited here.

[0091] After the engineers and / or maintenance personnel process the optical fiber faults at the target positions of the fault points, the maintenance records of the engineers and / or maintenance personnel and the detection results after the maintenance are uploaded to the system for storage, so as to be viewed when problems occur later.

[0092] Specifically, when dispatching work orders to engineers and / or maintenance personnel, obtain the current task quantity, estimated processing time, and the distance to the target location of the fault point of the engineers and / or maintenance personnel for handling the corresponding optical fiber fault, and select engineers and / or maintenance personnel according to the preset time period corresponding to the processing level of the optical fiber fault, so that the engineers and / or maintenance personnel can reach the target location of the fault point within the preset time period for maintenance processing.

[0093] The specific estimated processing time is obtained based on the type of task, the task processing situation, and the historical processing speed of the engineer and / or maintenance personnel to which it belongs, so as to obtain a relatively accurate estimated processing time, make the task assignment of optical fiber faults reasonable, and ensure that optical fiber faults can be processed in a timely manner.

[0094] The beneficial effects of implementing the embodiments of the present invention include: in the case where the fault location unit detects at least one fault point, obtaining fault point location information, where the fault point location information indicates the target location of the fault point; determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point location information, where the target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit along the direction of optical fiber signal transmission and located behind the target location of the fault point; analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics; determining the pipe gallery activity type of the target location of the fault point according to the fault type; generating corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the pipe gallery activity type. By obtaining the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal at the target location of the fault point through the fault analysis unit and determining the fault type according to the change characteristics, the pipe gallery activity type can be obtained based on the fault type, so as to monitor the activities of the pipe gallery in real time, and generate corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the pipe gallery activity type, and corresponding processing can be quickly completed according to the intelligent decision-making information, thereby minimizing the losses caused by pipe gallery activities.

[0095] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention provides a pipe gallery activity monitoring device based on optical fiber faults, and the device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.

[0096] The processor and the memory can be connected through a bus or other means.

[0097] It should be noted that the computer in this embodiment can correspond to the memory and the processor in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 and can constitute a part of the system architecture platform in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 The two belong to the same inventive concept, so they have the same implementation principle and beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated here.

[0098] The non-transitory software programs and instructions required to implement the uplink co-frequency interference cancellation method of the above embodiment are stored in a memory. When executed by a processor, the above-described method for monitoring activities in an utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults is executed. For example, the method steps S100 to S500 described above are executed. Figure 1 in the method steps S100 to S500 in

[0099] In addition, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions. When the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the method for monitoring activities in an utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults of the above device, for example, the method steps S100 to S500 described above are executed. Figure 1 in the method steps S100 to S500 in

[0100] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or some of the steps and systems in the methods disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and their appropriate combinations. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or can be implemented as hardware, or can be implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, which can include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or transitory medium). As is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storing information, such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. Computer storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD), or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassette, tape, magnetic disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by a computer. In addition, as is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art, a communication medium generally includes computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and can include any information delivery medium.

[0101] The above has specifically described the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these equivalent deformations or substitutions are all included within the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An on-pipe gallery activity monitoring method based on optical fiber faults, characterized in that, Applied to the utility tunnel activity monitoring system, the utility tunnel activity monitoring system includes an optical fiber disposed in the utility tunnel, and a plurality of monitoring modules disposed at different positions on the optical fiber. The monitoring module includes a fault location unit and a fault analysis unit. The method includes: When at least one fault point is detected by the fault location unit, acquiring fault point location information, where the fault point location information indicates the target location of the fault point; Determining a target analysis unit according to the fault point location information, where the target analysis unit represents the next fault analysis unit along the optical fiber signal transmission direction and located behind the target location of the fault point; Analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics; Determining the utility tunnel activity type of the target location of the fault point according to the fault type; Generating corresponding intelligent decision-making information according to the utility tunnel activity type.

2. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 1, wherein, After determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics, the method further includes: Analyzing the signal strength and signal integrity of the optical fiber signal by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault intensity of the target location of the fault point according to the signal strength and signal integrity; Determining the processing level of the target location of the fault point according to the fault intensity and the fault type; Generating the intelligent decision-making information in sequence according to the processing level.

3. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 2, wherein Determining the processing level of the target location of the fault point according to the fault intensity and the fault type includes: Converting the fault intensity into an intensity scalar; Converting the fault type into a type vector by one-hot encoding; Combining the intensity scalar and the type vector into a fault matrix; Performing convolution calculation on the fault matrix and a preset convolution kernel to obtain a level vector; Mapping the level vector to the target location of the fault point to obtain the processing level.

4. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 1, wherein, The fault location unit includes a laser, a coupler, a circulator, and a photodetector. Acquiring the fault point location information by the fault location unit includes: Exciting a preset excitation light by the laser and delivering the preset excitation light to the coupler; Decomposing the preset excitation light into a reference light and a detection light by the coupler, and delivering the detection light to the first interface of the circulator; Delivering the detection light to the optical fiber through the second interface of the circulator, so that the backward scattered light of the detection light in the optical fiber is delivered to the third interface of the circulator; Delivering the backward scattered light to the coupler through the third interface of the circulator, so that the backward scattered light and the reference light interfere in the coupler to generate an interference light, and delivering the interference light to the photodetector; Performing phase change analysis and processing on the interference light by the photodetector to obtain the fault point location information.

5. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 1, wherein Analyzing the change characteristics of the optical fiber signal after passing through the target location of the fault point by the fault analysis unit, and determining the fault type of the target location of the fault point according to the change characteristics includes: Obtain the second optical fiber signal after the first optical fiber signal passes through the target position of the fault point through the fault analysis unit; Analyze the change characteristics of the second optical fiber signal through the fault analysis unit; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is less than the preset slope, the pulse broadening is greater than the preset broadening, and the similarity between the historical change curve and the preset aging curve is greater than the similarity threshold, configure the fault type as optical fiber aging, where the historical change curve represents the change curve of the signal intensity, pulse broadening, and the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge fitted by the historical data of the second optical fiber signal; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge is equal to the preset slope, the pulse broadening is equal to the preset broadening, and the phase fluctuation amplitude is greater than the second threshold, configure the fault type as optical fiber bending; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a continuously decreasing signal intensity and is lower than the first threshold, the slope of the rising edge and the falling edge fluctuates irregularly, the pulse shape changes suddenly, and the phase drifts linearly, configure the fault type as optical fiber stretching and extrusion.

6. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a signal intensity lower than the minimum threshold and a phase interruption or jump, configure the fault type as optical fiber breakage; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has an irregular signal intensity fluctuation, configure the fault type as environmental interference; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation, configure the fault type as external intrusion.

7. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 6, wherein, The method further includes: When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the first preset frequency, configure the fault type as human knocking; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the second preset frequency, configure the fault type as vehicle passing by; When the change characteristics indicate that compared with the first optical fiber signal, the second optical fiber signal has a periodic phase fluctuation at the third preset frequency, configure the fault type as person passing by.

8. The method for monitoring the activities of the pipe gallery based on optical fiber faults according to claim 7, characterized in that Determining the type of utility tunnel activity at the target position of the fault point according to the fault type includes: When the fault type is configured as optical fiber aging, obtain the historical activity information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the type of utility tunnel activity as optical fiber aging activity according to the historical activity information, where the optical fiber aging activity represents the activity that causes optical fiber aging; When the fault type is configured as optical fiber bending, obtain the first image information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the duct gallery activity type as an optical fiber extrusion activity according to the first image information. The optical fiber extrusion activity represents an activity of personnel stepping on or burying the optical fiber. The image information is obtained by a camera device arranged in the duct gallery. When the fault type is configured as environmental interference, obtain the temperature and humidity information and the second image information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the duct gallery activity type as a construction interference activity or a local environmental interference activity according to the temperature and humidity information and the second image information. The construction interference activity represents an activity that causes changes in the optical fiber environment during construction. When the fault type is configured as human knocking, obtain the third image information and maintenance information of the target position of the fault point, and configure the duct gallery activity type as an optical fiber maintenance activity or an optical fiber human damage activity according to the third image information and the maintenance information. When the fault type is configured as a vehicle passing by, configure the duct gallery activity type as a vehicle activity. When the fault type is configured as a person passing by, configure the duct gallery activity type as a person activity.

9. An equipment for monitoring the activities of an utility tunnel based on optical fiber faults, characterized in that, Comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for monitoring duct gallery activities based on optical fiber faults according to any one of claims 1-8 is implemented.

10. A computer storage medium, characterized in that, The computer storage medium stores computer-executable instructions for executing the method for monitoring duct gallery activities based on optical fiber faults according to any one of claims 1-8.

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