Karst geological disaster monitoring equipment and method based on remote sensing image processing

Abstract

The invention discloses karst geological disaster monitoring equipment and method based on remote sensing image processing, the karst geological disaster monitoring equipment comprises a plurality of monitoring devices arranged in a karst geological monitoring area, each monitoring device is in communication connection with a remote server, and the remote server is in communication connection with a remote sensing satellite; the monitoring device comprises a mounting frame, a monitoring assembly is arranged at the bottom of the mounting frame, and a signal transmitter is fixedly arranged on the upper portion of the mounting frame. The remote server comprises a monitoring data processing module, a remote sensing image processing module and a display module, the monitoring data processing module is in communication connection with the signal transmitter, and the remote sensing image processing module is electrically connected with the remote sensing satellite. On the premise of ensuring large-range monitoring and early warning and accurate and abundant monitoring data, the geological abnormality and the potential disaster occurrence place can be found in time at the first time, so that the timeliness of karst geological disaster monitoring and early warning is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of karst geological disaster monitoring, and in particular to a karst geological disaster monitoring device and method based on remote sensing image processing. Background Art

[0002] Karst geological disasters (such as ground collapse, ground fissure, settlement, etc.) are characterized by strong suddenness, high concealment, and great destructiveness. Traditional karst geological disaster monitoring mainly relies on means such as ground investigation, borehole detection, and manual inspection. These methods have problems such as low efficiency, high cost, and limited coverage, and it is difficult to meet the monitoring requirements of a large range. In recent years, due to the characteristics of wide coverage and rich data, remote sensing technology has gradually been applied to the field of geological disaster monitoring. However, the existing geological disaster monitoring technology based on satellite remote sensing technology generally uses a single satellite image, and detects geological disasters by comparing satellite images taken at different times. The existing technology has the following defects. Due to the large span of satellite remote sensing images, it is difficult to promptly discover geological anomalies and the occurrence locations of geological disasters through comparison in the first time. Therefore, a karst geological disaster monitoring device and method based on remote sensing image processing are developed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a karst geological disaster monitoring device and method based on remote sensing image processing to solve the technical problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing of the present invention includes a plurality of monitoring devices arranged in a karst geological monitoring area. Each of the monitoring devices is respectively communicatively connected to a remote server, and the remote server is communicatively connected to a remote sensing satellite.

[0006] The monitoring device includes a mounting rack, a monitoring component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting rack, and a signal transmitter is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the mounting rack.

[0007] The remote server includes a monitoring data processing module, a remote sensing image processing module, and a display module. The monitoring data processing module is communicatively connected to the signal transmitter, the remote sensing image processing module is electrically connected to the remote sensing satellite, and the display module is used to display the processing and analysis results of the monitoring data processing module and the remote sensing image processing module on data or images.

[0008] Furthermore, the mounting bracket includes a base and a column fixedly arranged on the upper part of the base. The base is fixedly anchored to the ground by a plurality of anchor rods evenly arranged along its circumference. The monitoring component is arranged at the bottom of the base, and the signal generator is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the column.

[0009] Furthermore, the monitoring component includes a fixed rod fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base and a detection rod arranged below the fixed rod. The upper end of the detection rod is movably connected to the lower end of the fixed rod through a movable connection mechanism. A corrugated protective cover that can be telescopically deformed is arranged outside the movable connection mechanism between the fixed rod and the detection rod, and a pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring formation movement is arranged on the movable connecting piece.

[0010] Furthermore, the movable connection mechanism includes an upper connecting sleeve fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod. A first spherical support with a spherical inner peripheral wall structure is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper connecting sleeve. The bottom of the first spherical support is detachably connected to a second spherical support. A spherical connecting head adapted to the inner peripheral wall contours of both is rotatably arranged inside the first spherical support and the second spherical support. The lower end of the spherical connecting head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the detection rod through a lower connecting sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, a first connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall at the lower end of the first spherical support, and a second connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall at the upper end of the second spherical support. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are detachably connected through a plurality of connecting bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, the pressure monitoring mechanism includes an installation sleeve fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second spherical support. The inner diameter of the installation sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the lower connecting sleeve, and a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly arranged along the circumference between the lower end of the installation sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the lower connecting sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of installation holes are evenly arranged inside the installation sleeve near the lower end. Each of the pressure sensors is fixedly arranged in the installation hole. Slide holes are respectively formed between the inner peripheral wall of the installation sleeve and the installation hole. Slide rods are respectively slidably arranged in each of the slide holes. A slide seat that is slidably matched with the installation hole is fixedly arranged at one end of each of the slide rods located inside the installation hole. A touch head that contacts the outer peripheral wall of the lower connecting sleeve is arranged at one end of each of the slide rods located outside the slide hole. Springs are sleeved on each of the slide rods at the part located between the touch head and the installation sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring component further includes a humidity sensor arranged at the bottom of the detection rod. The humidity sensor and the plurality of pressure sensors are all electrically connected to the signal transmitter.

[0015] Further, a solar panel and a storage battery which are electrically connected are arranged on the upright column, and the storage battery is used to supply electric energy to the signal transmitter, the humidity sensor and each of the pressure sensors.

[0016] Still further, the present invention discloses a karst geological disaster monitoring method based on remote sensing image processing, which applies the above-mentioned monitoring device, and specifically includes the following working steps;

[0017] Step a: Arrange ground monitoring devices in the karst geological area, establish a communication connection relationship between each of the ground monitoring devices and a remote server, input the positioning information of each ground monitoring device on the remote server, and then establish a communication connection relationship between a remote sensing satellite and the remote server;

[0018] Step b: The remote server obtains the monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring device, where the monitoring data includes the status data of the monitoring device and the geological monitoring data, and processes and analyzes the obtained data;

[0019] Step c: When the monitoring data is abnormal, the remote server transmits the positioning information of the monitoring device to the remote sensing satellite, and the remote sensing satellite obtains the remote sensing image of the monitoring device;

[0020] Step d: The remote server extracts the shallow features and deep features of the remote sensing image to obtain a regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and a regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map; fuses and visualizes the features of the regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and the regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map to obtain a channel saliency regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map;

[0021] Step e: The remote server determines whether it meets the geological disaster warning conditions based on the channel saliency regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map. If it meets the warning conditions, it generates and sends a corresponding warning reminder message.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention combines ground-deployed monitoring devices with remote sensing satellite image processing to monitor karst geological disasters in real time. When the monitoring data of the ground monitoring device is abnormal, the remote server transmits the positioning information of the monitoring device to the remote sensing satellite, and the remote sensing satellite obtains the remote sensing image of the monitoring device and processes and analyzes the remote sensing image to obtain an accurate geological disaster monitoring result. On the premise of ensuring large-scale monitoring and early warning and accurate and rich monitoring data, it can also timely detect geological anomalies and potential disaster occurrence locations in the first time, thereby further ensuring the timeliness of karst geological disaster monitoring and early warning. Description of the Drawings

[0024] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the monitoring device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the monitoring device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the movable connection mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a block diagram of the information transmission structure of the present invention;

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Monitoring device; 1-1. Mounting frame; 1-1-1. Base; 1-1-2. Column; 1-1-3. Anchor; 1-2. Monitoring component; 1-2-1. Fixed rod; 1-2-2. Detection rod; 1-2-3. Corrugated protective cover; 1-2-4. Upper connecting sleeve; 1-2-5. First spherical support; 1-2-6. Second spherical support; 1-2-7. First connecting flange; 1-2-8. Second connecting flange; 1-2-9. Connecting bolt; 1-2-10. Spherical connector; 1-2-11. Lower connecting sleeve; 1-2-12. Mounting sleeve; 1-2-13. Pressure sensor; 1-2-14. Mounting hole; 1-2-15. Slide hole; 1-2-16. Slide bar; 1-2-17. Slide seat; 1-2-18. Touching head; 1-2-19. Spring; 1-2-20. Humidity sensor; 1-2-21. First transmission cable; 1-2-22. Second transmission cable; 1-3. Signal transmitter; 1-4. Solar panel; 1-5. Battery; 2. Remote server; 3. Remote sensing satellite. Detailed implementation manner

[0032] As Figures 1-6 shown, a karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing includes a plurality of monitoring devices 1 fixedly installed on the ground in the karst geological monitoring area, each of the monitoring devices 1 is respectively in communication connection with a remote server 2, and the remote server is in communication connection with a remote sensing satellite 3.

[0033] In this embodiment, the monitoring device 1 includes a mounting frame 1-1. A monitoring component 1-2 is provided at the bottom of the mounting frame 1-1. A signal transmitter 1-3 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the mounting frame 1-1. The monitoring component 1-2 is electrically connected to the signal generator 1-3.

[0034] The mounting frame 1-1 includes a base 1-1-1 and a column 1-1-2 fixedly provided on the upper part of the base. The base 1-1-1 is fixedly anchored to the ground through a plurality of anchor bolts 1-1-3 uniformly arranged along its circumference. The monitoring component 1-2 is arranged at the bottom of the base 1-1-1. The signal generator 1-3 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the column 1-1-2.

[0035] The monitoring component 1-2 includes a fixed rod 1-2-1 fixedly provided at the bottom of the base 1-1-1 and a detection rod 1-2-2 arranged below the fixed rod 1-2-1. The upper end of the detection rod 1-2-2 is movably connected to the lower end of the fixed rod 1-2-1 through a movable connection mechanism. A corrugated protective cover 1-2-3 that can be telescopically deformed is arranged outside the movable connection mechanism between the fixed rod 1-2-1 and the detection rod 1-2-2. And a pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring formation movement is arranged on the movable connecting piece.

[0036] The movable connection mechanism includes an upper connecting sleeve 1-2-4 fixedly provided at the lower end of the fixed rod 1-2-1. A first spherical support 1-2-5 with a spherical inner peripheral wall structure is fixedly provided at the bottom of the upper connecting sleeve 1-2-4. The bottom of the first spherical support 1-2-5 is detachably connected to a second spherical support 1-2-6. Specifically: a first connecting flange 1-2-7 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the first spherical support 1-2-5. A second connecting flange 1-2-8 is fixedly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the upper end of the second spherical support 1-2-6. The first connecting flange 1-2-7 and the second connecting flange 1-2-8 are detachably connected through a plurality of connecting bolts 1-2-9. A spherical connecting head 1-2-10 adapted to the inner peripheral wall contours of both is rotatably installed inside the first spherical support 1-2-5 and the second spherical support 1-2-6. The lower end of the spherical connecting head 1-2-10 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the detection rod 1-2-2 through a lower connecting sleeve 1-2-11.

[0037] The pressure monitoring mechanism includes a mounting sleeve 1-2-12 fixedly mounted at the lower end of the second spherical support 1-2-6, the inner diameter of the mounting sleeve 1-2-12 is larger than the outer diameter of the lower connecting sleeve 1-2-11, and a plurality of pressure sensors 1-2-13 are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction between the lower end of the mounting sleeve 1-2-12 and the outer peripheral wall of the lower connecting sleeve 1-2-11. Specifically: the mounting sleeve 1-2-12 is evenly arranged with a plurality of mounting holes 1-2-14 in the part near the lower end, each of the pressure sensors 1-2-13 is fixedly mounted in the inside of the mounting hole 1-2-14, a sliding hole 1-2-15 is respectively opened between the inner peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve 1-2-12 and the mounting hole 1-2-14, and a sliding rod 1-2-16 is slidably installed in each of the sliding holes 1-2-15. A sliding seat 1-2-17 which slidably cooperates with the inner wall of the mounting hole 1-2-14 is fixedly provided at one end of each sliding rod 1-2-16 located inside the mounting hole 1-2-14, and a contact pressure head 1-2-18 which contacts the outer wall of the lower connecting sleeve 1-2-11 is provided at one end of each sliding rod 1-2-16 located outside the sliding hole 1-2-14, and a spring 1-2-19 is sleeved on the position of each sliding rod 1-2-16 between the contact pressure head 1-2-18 and the mounting sleeve 1-2-12.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fixed rod and the detection rod of the monitoring assembly are pre-buried under the ground of the monitoring area. When the ground layer moves, the detection rod at the bottom will generate relative movement with the fixed rod at the top, so that the spherical connector of the movable connection assembly and the lower connecting sleeve will generate relative rotation relative to the upper connecting sleeve. When the rotation movement of the lower connecting sleeve and the upper connecting sleeve occurs, the lower connecting sleeve will squeeze the contact pressure head in contact with its outer peripheral wall, so that the pressure sensor located in the installation sleeve will generate a sensing signal. In addition, the rotational connection of the cylindrical spherical connector and the first spherical support and the second spherical support in this embodiment enables the lower connecting sleeve and the upper connecting head to generate deflection movements in different directions, so as to sense the displacement changes of the ground layer in a 360° direction.

[0039] The monitoring component in this embodiment further includes a humidity sensor 1-2-20 installed at the bottom of the detection rod 1-2-2. Since the occurrence of disasters such as ground collapse in karst geology is also closely related to soil humidity, ground collapse may occur when the soil water content is too high. Therefore, the humidity sensor is used to monitor the formation humidity of karst geology in real time. The humidity sensor 1-2-20 and the multiple pressure sensors 1-1-13 are both electrically connected to the signal transmitter 1-3. Specifically, the humidity sensor 1-2-20 is electrically connected to the signal transmitter through a first transmission cable 1-2-21 that penetrates the fixed rod, the movable connection mechanism, and the detection rod. Each of the pressure sensors 1-1-13 is electrically connected to the signal transmitter through a second transmission cable 1-2-22 that penetrates the fixed rod, the movable connection mechanism and extends from the upper end of the detection rod to the inside of the installation hole.

[0040] A solar panel 1-4 and a storage battery 1-5 are installed on the column 1-1-2 and are electrically connected. The storage battery 1-4 is used to supply electrical energy to the signal transmitter 1-3, the humidity sensor 1-2-20, and each of the pressure sensors 1-2-13.

[0041] The remote server 2 includes a monitoring data processing module, a remote sensing image processing module, and a display module. The monitoring data processing module is communicatively connected to the signal transmitter 1-3. The remote sensing image processing module is electrically connected to the remote sensing satellite 3. The display module is used to display the processing and analysis results of the monitoring data processing module and the remote sensing image processing module on data or images.

[0042] The present invention also discloses a method for monitoring karst geological disasters based on remote sensing image processing, which applies the above monitoring device, and specifically includes the following working steps;

[0043] Step a: Arrange ground monitoring devices in the karst geological area, establish a communication connection relationship between each ground monitoring device and the remote server, and input the positioning information of each ground monitoring device on the remote server, and then establish a communication connection relationship between the remote sensing satellite and the remote server;

[0044] Step b: The remote server obtains the monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring device. The monitoring data includes the status data of the monitoring device and the geological monitoring data. The geological monitoring data includes the formation displacement data monitored by the pressure sensor and the formation humidity data monitored by the humidity sensor. The monitoring data processing module of the remote server performs real-time processing and analysis on the obtained data;

[0045] Step c: When abnormal monitoring data appears, the remote server transmits the positioning information of the monitoring device to the remote sensing satellite, and the remote sensing satellite acquires the remote sensing image of the monitoring device;

[0046] Step d: The remote server extracts the shallow features and deep features of the remote sensing image to obtain the regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and the regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map; The regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and the regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map are fused and feature manifested to obtain the channel saliency regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map;

[0047] Step e: The remote server determines whether the geological disaster warning conditions are met based on the channel saliency regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map. If the warning conditions are met, a warning reminder information corresponding to the region is generated and sent.

[0048] The above embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations and improvements made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of monitoring devices arranged in a karst geological monitoring area, each of the monitoring devices is respectively communicatively connected to a remote server, and the remote server is communicatively connected to a remote sensing satellite; The monitoring device includes a mounting rack, a monitoring component is arranged at the bottom of the mounting rack, and a signal transmitter is fixedly arranged at the upper part of the mounting rack; The remote server includes a monitoring data processing module, a remote sensing image processing module and a display module. The monitoring data processing module is communicatively connected to the signal transmitter, the remote sensing image processing module is electrically connected to the remote sensing satellite, and the display module is used to display the processing and analysis results of the monitoring data processing module and the remote sensing image processing module on data or images.

2. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting rack includes a base and a column fixedly arranged on the upper part of the base. The base is fixedly anchored to the ground through a plurality of anchor bolts uniformly arranged along its circumference. The monitoring component is arranged at the bottom of the base, and the signal generator is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the column.

3. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The monitoring component includes a fixed rod fixedly arranged at the bottom of the base and a detection rod arranged below the fixed rod. The upper end of the detection rod is movably connected to the lower end of the fixed rod through a movable connection mechanism. A corrugated protective cover that can be telescopically deformed is arranged outside the movable connection mechanism between the fixed rod and the detection rod, and a pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring formation movement is arranged on the movable connecting piece.

4. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable connection mechanism includes an upper connecting sleeve fixedly arranged at the lower end of the fixed rod. A first spherical support with a spherical inner peripheral wall is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper connecting sleeve; The bottom of the first spherical support is detachably connected to a second spherical support. A spherical connecting head adapted to the inner peripheral wall contours of the two is rotatably arranged inside the first spherical support and the second spherical support. The lower end of the spherical connecting head is fixedly connected to the upper end of the detection rod through a lower connecting sleeve.

5. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the lower end of the first spherical support, and a second connecting flange is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the upper end of the second spherical support. The first connecting flange and the second connecting flange are detachably connected through a plurality of connecting bolts.

6. The karst geological disaster monitoring device and method based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure monitoring mechanism includes a mounting sleeve fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second spherical support. The inner diameter of the mounting sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the lower connecting sleeve, and a plurality of pressure sensors are uniformly arranged along the circumference between the lower end of the mounting sleeve and the outer peripheral wall of the lower connecting sleeve.

7. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged inside the mounting sleeve near the lower end. Each of the pressure sensors is fixedly arranged in the mounting holes. Slide holes are respectively formed between the inner peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve and the mounting holes. Slide rods are respectively slidably arranged in the slide holes. A slide seat that is slidably matched with the mounting hole is fixedly arranged at one end of each slide rod located inside the mounting hole. A touch head that contacts the outer peripheral wall of the lower connecting sleeve is arranged at one end of each slide rod located outside the slide hole. Springs are sleeved on each slide rod at the part between the touch head and the mounting sleeve.

8. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The monitoring component further includes a humidity sensor disposed at the bottom of the detection rod, and the humidity sensor and the plurality of pressure sensors are all electrically connected to the signal transmitter.

9. The karst geological disaster monitoring device based on remote sensing image processing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A solar panel and a storage battery which are electrically connected are arranged on the column, and the storage battery is used to supply electrical energy to the signal transmitter, the humidity sensor and each of the pressure sensors.

10. A method for monitoring karst geological disasters based on remote sensing image processing, which uses the monitoring device described in claims 1-9, characterized in that: It includes the following working steps; Step a: Arrange ground monitoring devices in the karst geological area, establish a communication connection relationship between each ground monitoring device and the remote server, input the positioning information of each ground monitoring device on the remote server, and then establish a communication connection relationship between the remote sensing satellite and the remote server; Step b: The remote server obtains the monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring device, and the monitoring data includes the status data of the monitoring device and the geological monitoring data, and processes and analyzes the obtained data; Step c: When the monitoring data is abnormal, the remote server transmits the positioning information of the monitoring device to the remote sensing satellite, and the remote sensing satellite obtains the remote sensing image of the monitoring device; Step d: The remote server extracts the shallow features and deep features of the remote sensing image to obtain a regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and a regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map; fuse and feature visualize the regional surface geological remote sensing shallow feature map and the regional surface geological remote sensing deep feature map to obtain a channel-salient regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map; Step e: The remote server determines whether the geological disaster warning conditions are met based on the channel-salient regional surface multi-scale fusion feature map. If the warning conditions are met, corresponding warning reminder information is generated and sent.

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