Intrusion early warning system for highway maintenance period

Abstract

The invention discloses an intrusion early warning system for a road maintenance period, which relates to the technical field of traffic, and comprises a recording unit arranged in an event monitoring area and used for recording data of an intruded vehicle and uploading the data to an Internet of Things cloud platform to perform classification and risk assessment on an intruding event; a driving-in speed function and a driving-out speed function are constructed in a speed monitoring area, a dynamic overspeed reference value is calculated after integration and serves as an overspeed judgment basis of a current time window, and a dynamic display unit is arranged in a buffer area to receive and display the dynamic overspeed reference value in real time and update the dynamic overspeed reference value according to the sequence of the time window. According to the system, full-chain type monitoring is formed from the buffer area, the speed monitoring area to the event monitoring area, through collection and analysis of vehicle information, driving speed and track data and connection with the Internet of Things cloud platform, not only can overspeed behaviors be judged in real time, but also intrusion events can be classified and subjected to risk assessment, and the safety of the system is improved. And reliable data support is provided for subsequent optimization of a traffic management strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of transportation, and specifically to an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance periods. Background Art

[0002] During highway maintenance, the mode of maintaining the road while allowing traffic to pass is usually adopted. Therefore, in order to ensure operation safety and project progress in the mode of maintaining the road while allowing traffic to pass, temporary safety facilities are usually arranged in the maintenance construction area and its upstream and downstream sections. These facilities include warning signs, roadblocks, safety cones, alarms, etc., which are used to remind the drivers of passing vehicles to pay attention to decelerating and avoiding. However, these traditional safety facilities rely on the observation and reaction of drivers, and there are obvious limitations and potential safety hazards.

[0003] Firstly, traditional temporary safety facilities usually function in a static manner and fail to dynamically reflect the real-time traffic conditions and risk levels. For example, only warning signs and roadblocks are relied on to remind in front of the maintenance construction area. If the driver fails to observe the facilities in time due to distracted attention, blocked vision or bad weather, etc., it is very likely that they will not decelerate or change lanes as required. In this case, the vehicle is extremely likely to directly intrude into the construction area, which not only threatens the lives of construction workers but also may lead to serious traffic accidents. For example, during the construction of a certain highway, a truck that did not decelerate directly crashed into the construction area, causing multiple construction workers to be injured and resulting in traffic paralysis.

[0004] Secondly, the existing technologies usually judge whether a vehicle is speeding or at risk based on a fixed speed threshold. However, due to the failure to consider different traffic flows, environmental conditions and road section characteristics, this method is prone to false alarms or missed alarms in practical applications. Taking the peak period as an example, the fixed speed threshold may be difficult to accurately judge the speeding risk, and in the low-traffic period, an overly wide threshold may ignore potential dangers, resulting in an increase in potential accident hazards. In addition, the existing systems cannot dynamically adjust the speed threshold and lack the real-time response and subsequent adjustment capabilities for emergencies such as intrusion events. Summary of the Invention

[0005] I) Technical Problems to be Solved The present invention provides an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance periods, which can adapt to the dynamic changes of traffic flow in different time periods of the maintenance construction section and achieve comprehensive monitoring of vehicle behavior and early warning protection for construction workers.

[0006] II) Technical Solutions To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An intrusion warning system for highway maintenance periods, in which a buffer zone, a speed monitoring zone and an event monitoring zone are sequentially arranged on the incoming section of the road where the vehicle is driving towards the highway maintenance construction area; A monitoring unit and an analysis unit are provided in the speed monitoring area. Multiple consecutive time windows are constructed based on time sequence. The monitoring unit is used to record the entry speed of each vehicle entering the speed monitoring area and the exit speed of each vehicle exiting the speed monitoring area within each time window. Within the current time window, based on all the entry speeds and exit speeds obtained in the adjacent previous time window, the analysis unit constructs an entry speed function and an exit speed function respectively based on statistical characteristics, and calculates a dynamic speeding reference value as the basis for speeding judgment in the current time window after synthesis. A recording unit is provided in the event monitoring area. The recording unit is used to record the vehicle information, driving speed and driving trajectory of the intruding vehicles in the event monitoring area. The recording unit is communicatively connected to a remote server through an Internet of Things cloud platform, and uploads the collected data. Then the remote server classifies and assesses the risk of the intrusion event; among them, the risk level of the intrusion event is determined by combining the deviation degree of the driving trajectory, the change range of the driving speed and the relative distance from the maintenance construction area. After an intrusion event determined to be of a high risk level occurs, the monitoring unit continuously shortens the unit length of a subsequent set number of time windows until the risk assessment level of the intrusion event in the subsequent time windows continuously decreases, and then gradually restores the unit length of the time window to the default value.

[0007] Further, the recording unit includes a camera unit provided on the entrance section of the event monitoring area. When an intruding vehicle enters the event monitoring area, the camera unit captures the front image and side image of the intruding vehicle during movement in real time, records the captured image data in the form of image frames, marks the acquisition time of each frame with a time stamp, and identifies the license plate number and vehicle model of the intruding vehicle from the image data as the vehicle information.

[0008] Further, the recording unit further includes a speedometer. The speedometer is used to obtain the driving speed of the intruding vehicle. The recording unit records the spatial position of the intruding vehicle in each image frame through the time stamp marked on each image frame, and connects the spatial positions of the intruding vehicle in adjacent image frames to generate a trajectory line, so as to obtain the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle in the event monitoring area.

[0009] Further, the monitoring unit includes speedometers respectively provided on the entrance section and the exit section of the speed monitoring area, which are respectively used to record the entry speed and exit speed of the vehicle in real time, mark the recorded speed data according to the time stamp, and match the entry speed and exit speed of the same vehicle through the vehicle identification. Within each of the said time windows, the monitoring unit records in real time the incoming speed and the outgoing speed of each vehicle according to the time stamp sequence, and dynamically updates the data table of the current time window. When a new time window starts, it packs and transmits the incoming speed and the outgoing speed completely recorded in the adjacent previous time window to the analysis unit.

[0010] Further, a warning unit is also arranged in the speed monitoring area. When the monitoring unit detects that the driving speed of a vehicle exceeds the dynamic overspeed reference value, the warning unit records the vehicle information of the vehicle and conducts a warning process.

[0011] Further, after the analysis unit receives the incoming speed and the outgoing speed completely recorded in a time window transmitted by the monitoring unit in a packed manner, it calculates the statistical characteristics of the incoming speed of the vehicle within this time window, including the average incoming speed value, the incoming variance, and the incoming extreme value, and constructs a probability density function of the incoming speed as the incoming speed function according to its statistical characteristics; Calculate the statistical characteristics of the outgoing speed of the vehicle within this time window, including the average outgoing speed value, the outgoing variance, and the outgoing extreme value, and construct a probability density function of the outgoing speed as the outgoing speed function according to its statistical characteristics.

[0012] Further, the analysis unit combines the incoming speed function and the outgoing speed function to obtain a speed distribution model, and the speed distribution model is used to reflect the speed distribution trend of all vehicles passing through the overall section of the speed monitoring area within the corresponding time window; Set the upper confidence limit value of the speed distribution model , and take the value exceeding the upper confidence limit as the dynamic overspeed reference value within the next adjacent time window : wherein, is the incoming speed function, is the outgoing speed function, is the percentile value at the in the speed distribution model.

[0013] Further, a dynamic display unit and a guiding unit for indicating the construction position direction and distance are arranged in the buffer area. The dynamic display unit is used to receive in real time the dynamic overspeed reference value transmitted by the analysis unit, and the dynamic display unit updates and displays the corresponding dynamic overspeed reference value in the order of the constructed time windows, so as to reflect the latest dynamic overspeed reference value of the upstream section of the maintenance construction.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the data of the intruding vehicle received by the remote server, combined with the degree of deviation of the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle, the change range of the driving speed, and the relative distance from the maintenance construction area, the risk level of the intrusion event is determined. Specifically: Compare the current driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle with the set safe trajectory in the event monitoring area and calculate the lateral deviation value. The larger the lateral deviation value, the higher the determined risk level; Calculate the instantaneous change rate of the driving speed of the intruding vehicle. The larger the instantaneous change rate, the higher the determined risk level; Calculate the closest distance value between the current position of the intruding vehicle and the boundary of the maintenance construction area. The smaller the closest distance value, the higher the determined risk level.

[0015] III) Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: The system of the present invention forms a full-chain monitoring from the buffer area, the speed monitoring area to the event monitoring area. By monitoring and analyzing the speed in the speed monitoring area based on the time window, a dynamic overspeed reference value is generated to replace the traditional fixed threshold judgment method, so as to adapt to the real-time changes of different traffic flows and road section characteristics, reduce misjudgment and missed judgment. The monitoring unit and the recording unit in the event monitoring area cooperate. Through the collection and analysis of vehicle information, driving speed and trajectory data, and through the connection with the Internet of Things cloud platform, it can not only judge the overspeed behavior in real time, but also classify and risk-assess the intrusion event, providing reliable data support for subsequent optimization of traffic management strategies.

[0016] Cooperating with the dynamic display unit and the guiding unit in the buffer area, the dynamic display unit updates the overspeed reference value in the order of the time window, providing clear road condition information to the driver, and the guiding unit clearly marks the construction position and the avoidance direction. Description of the drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a principle block diagram of an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic principle diagram of the recording unit in an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance provided by an embodiment of the present invention to record the intrusion events in the event monitoring area; Figure 3 It is in an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance provided by an embodiment of the present invention, within the current time window and the analysis unit, based on the speed data obtained within the adjacent previous time window comprehensively calculates the dynamic overspeed reference value as the basis for overspeed judgment in the current time window schematic principle diagram; Figure 4 In the intrusion warning system provided by the embodiments of the present invention for highway maintenance, it is a schematic diagram of the positions where a buffer zone, a speed monitoring zone, and an event monitoring zone are sequentially established in the upstream section of a highway maintenance construction area; In the figure: 10. Recording unit; 20. Monitoring unit; 30. Analysis unit; 40. Warning unit; 50. Dynamic display unit. Specific embodiments

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0020] In addition, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] It should be noted that, without conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0022] During the highway maintenance operation of maintaining and passing at the same time, the inventor found that if only temporary safety facilities are arranged in the upstream area of the maintenance construction area, if the driver may fail to observe the warning facilities in time due to distraction, blocked vision or other emergencies, resulting in failure to decelerate or change lanes as required, then it may cause the vehicle to directly break into the maintenance construction area. This situation not only threatens the safety of construction personnel, but also may seriously affect the project progress.

[0023] In some other maintenance construction strategies, a buffer monitoring area is added between the maintenance construction area and the area covered by traditional temporary safety facilities. This area conducts real-time monitoring of vehicle driving speeds and trajectories. However, the inventor also found that the speed monitoring system in this area usually relies on simple speed monitoring and a fixed threshold alarm mechanism, that is, existing systems generally judge whether a vehicle is speeding based on a preset fixed speed threshold. This method cannot adapt to the dynamic changes in traffic flow and vehicle driving states during different road sections and different time periods, and is prone to false alarms or missed alarms. For example, during peak traffic hours, the fixed threshold may not reflect the actual speeding risk, while during low-flow periods, overly lenient threshold settings may ignore potential dangers. Once an intrusion event occurs, the system may not be able to record the vehicle information, speed, and intrusion location of the intruding vehicle in time for subsequent event handling.

[0024] In addition, traditional systems only record simple speed data and fail to make full use of statistical and dynamic analysis methods to deeply explore the speed change trends of vehicles. This data processing method cannot effectively reflect the changes in traffic conditions within different time windows and is also difficult to provide an accurate basis for constructing a dynamic speeding reference value.

[0025] Based on the above-mentioned various shortcomings, these shortcomings make it difficult for existing highway maintenance safety warning systems to provide comprehensive, accurate, and rapid safety protection in a dynamic and complex construction environment, and it is urgent to improve technical means to make up for these deficiencies.

[0026] In view of the above problems, in order to improve the safety protection ability and adapt to the complex dynamic traffic environment, it is particularly necessary to set up one or more zoning schemes for buffer monitoring and warning in front of the construction area. Through zoned monitoring and linkage management, not only can the vehicle driving state be recorded in real time, but also the speed threshold and reminder strategy can be dynamically adjusted to effectively prevent the occurrence of vehicle intrusion events. At the same time, the dynamic adjustment mechanism based on risk assessment can further improve the adaptability and reliability of safety measures and provide a more scientific and efficient solution for the safety protection of the construction area.

[0027] Therefore, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , the embodiment of the present invention provides an intrusion warning system for highway maintenance. This system implements full-chain monitoring. When an intrusion event is monitored, the alarm unit directly reminds the operating personnel in the construction area, improving the overall linkage and the coverage of warnings.

[0028] Specifically, an event monitoring area is demarcated in the upstream section of the highway maintenance construction area. This area is adjacent to the construction area and is the core monitoring area of the entire warning system. A recording unit 10 is installed in the event monitoring area to capture and record data related to vehicles entering this area, including vehicle information (license plate number and vehicle model), driving speed, and driving trajectory. These data are uploaded to a remote server in real time through the Internet of Things cloud platform, and the remote server stores the data, classifies intrusion events, and conducts risk assessments, thereby facilitating the subsequent handling of intrusion events.

[0029] Specifically, the recording unit 10 includes a camera unit. In some embodiments of the present invention, the camera unit is installed on the entrance section of the event monitoring area to capture image data of the intruding vehicle through a high-resolution camera. More specifically, when a vehicle enters the event monitoring area, the camera installed at a fixed position activates an automatic trigger mechanism, and uses a vehicle detection algorithm, such as an object detection algorithm based on a convolutional neural network, etc., to identify the vehicle entering the area, and captures the front image and side image of the vehicle during movement at a high frame rate.

[0030] In addition, the camera unit binds each frame of image with the collected timestamp to generate an image data sequence marked with a time series. Among them, the timestamp record is to achieve a clock signal based on precise synchronization. For example, the system time is calibrated using a GPS signal to ensure that the time markings of all image frames are accurate.

[0031] Finally, in some embodiments of the present invention, a license plate recognition algorithm is used to extract the license plate number of the vehicle from the front image, and in combination with a deep learning model, the specific model of the vehicle is identified from the appearance features of the vehicle.

[0032] It should be noted that the above recognition results need to be stored in real time and used as an important basis for subsequent analysis.

[0033] Regarding the measurement of the driving speed, in some embodiments, a speedometer is installed in the recording unit 10 to obtain the driving speed of the intruding vehicle. More specifically, the speedometer can adopt radar speed measurement or laser speed measurement technology to capture the speed of the vehicle at the entrance of the monitoring area in real time. In addition, the speedometer can also combine the time interval between the entrance and exit of the vehicle in the monitoring area to calculate the average speed of the vehicle passing through the entire area.

[0034] Finally, the recording unit 10 generates the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle by combining the image sequence and the timestamp. While the camera unit captures the vehicle image frames, an image processing algorithm is used to obtain the two-dimensional spatial position coordinates of the vehicle in the monitoring area. For example, by using the internal parameters of the camera, such as the focal length and the position of the optical center, and the external parameters, such as the position and attitude of the camera in the space coordinate system, combined with the pixel position of the vehicle in the image, the pixel coordinates are converted into actual ground coordinates through camera calibration and projection transformation.

[0035] After obtaining consecutive image frames during the driving process of the intruding vehicle within the event monitoring area, the spatial positions of the intruding vehicle in each frame of the image are connected according to the time stamps to form a trajectory line. More specifically, based on the image frames and time stamps, the spatial position of the vehicle is obtained using a projective transformation algorithm to generate a trajectory line. It can also be understood that the position of the vehicle in each frame of the image is recorded as a two-dimensional coordinate point, and these coordinate points are connected according to the time stamps to form a trajectory line.

[0036] After the driving trajectory is generated, in some embodiments, it is also considered that real-time visualization can be performed through an embedded display module or uploaded to a remote server.

[0037] Finally, the generated trajectory data, together with the vehicle information and driving speed data, is uploaded to the Internet of Things cloud platform for subsequent risk assessment and classification.

[0038] Regarding the risk level assessment of the intrusion event by the remote server, reference can be made here Figure 2 , in the event monitoring area, after the remote server obtains the driving trajectory and driving speed of the intruding vehicle, it combines the deviation degree of the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle, the change range of the driving speed, and the relative distance from the maintenance construction area to determine the risk level of the intrusion event.

[0039] Specifically, after the intruding vehicle enters the event monitoring area, the current position of the intruding vehicle is compared with the pre-set safe trajectory within the event monitoring area, and the deviation degree between the current position and the safe trajectory is calculated. For example, the lateral deviation value between the two is calculated. The larger the lateral deviation value, the higher the determined risk level. If the lateral deviation value exceeds the pre-set critical value, it can be directly determined as a high-risk level event. In addition, in some embodiments, the deviation direction can also be calculated through multiple position points during the driving process of the intruding vehicle, that is, whether it is gradually approaching the construction area, so as to judge the deviation trend of the trajectory. If the trend points to the maintenance construction area, the risk level is further increased.

[0040] In addition, the risk level determination of the event is also carried out by calculating the shortest distance between the current position of the intruding vehicle and the boundary of the maintenance construction area. If the current shortest distance is less than the threshold value of the pre-set safe distance, it can be directly determined as a high-risk level event. In addition, in some embodiments, considering that the higher the driving speed of the vehicle, the shorter the time to rush towards the maintenance construction area within the same distance, therefore, in the risk level determination strategy, the remote server can also dynamically adjust the distance threshold according to the driving speed of the intruding vehicle. For example, for a vehicle driving at a high speed, the threshold value of its shortest distance should be smaller to enable early warning processing.

[0041] Regarding the driving speed of the intruding vehicle, by monitoring and calculating the instantaneous change rate of the driving speed, if the instantaneous change rate is larger, that is, the speed suddenly increases or decreases sharply, the risk level is raised. In addition, considering that if it is detected that the instantaneous change rate of the speed suddenly rises significantly and the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle deviates from the safe range, it is considered that the vehicle has a potential danger of rushing into the construction area, and it is directly determined as a high-risk event and the highest-level alarm is triggered.

[0042] Through the above implementation details, the entire process of the recording unit 10 from data acquisition to analysis is realized, ensuring the accuracy and integrity of vehicle information, driving speed and trajectory data, and providing comprehensive support for the safety protection of construction personnel and intelligent early warning. By remotely monitoring and comprehensively analyzing the trend of trajectory deviation, the closest distance to the maintenance construction area and the speed change rate of the server, the vehicle risk level can be quickly determined, and an audible and visual alarm can be triggered if necessary, followed by the linkage mechanism between the various units of the system to ensure the safety protection of the maintenance construction area.

[0043] A speed monitoring area is set up on the upstream section of the highway maintenance construction area. This area consists of a monitoring unit 20, an analysis unit 30 and a warning unit 40, forming a complete speed monitoring system.

[0044] Based on continuous time windows, the system analyzes the driving behavior of vehicles by recording the driving-in speed and driving-out speed of each vehicle within the time window, and provides dynamic early warning and warning information.

[0045] Specifically, in some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring unit 20 includes two speed measuring instruments, which are respectively installed on the entrance section and the exit section of the speed monitoring area. The entrance speed measuring instrument is used to monitor the driving-in speed of the vehicle in real time, and the exit speed measuring instrument is used to monitor the driving-out speed of the vehicle in real time. Regarding the speed measuring instrument, laser speed measurement technology can be adopted. By emitting a laser beam and measuring the reflection time difference, the speed of the vehicle within the monitoring area is calculated to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the speed data acquisition. It should be noted that the speed measuring instrument binds the speed data measured each time with a time stamp to generate a time-sequential speed data stream.

[0046] In addition, the speed measuring instrument matches the driving-in speed and driving-out speed of the same vehicle by combining vehicle identification, such as the license plate number. This step is completed by using image processing technology or Internet of Things tag reading technology. It should be noted that the result of the vehicle identification matching is stored as the speed data record within the time window.

[0047] The system constructs multiple consecutive time windows through sequential logic. The length unit of each time window is fixed, such as 30 minutes or 1 hour, to ensure consistency in recording and analyzing vehicle speeds. In some embodiments, the entire time axis is divided into multiple consecutive time windows in units of fixed-length time periods. Each time window is marked with a start time and an end time. Within each time window, the system collects and stores the speed data of all incoming and outgoing vehicles to form a sequential set of speed data.

[0048] The analysis unit 30 constructs an incoming speed function and an outgoing speed function respectively based on the speed data of all incoming and outgoing vehicles in the previous adjacent time window. During the construction process, several statistical features are extracted through statistical analysis of the vehicle speed data within each time window. These statistical features serve as the basis for constructing the speed functions and are used to reflect the traffic flow and vehicle speed distribution characteristics within that time window.

[0049] First, the speed data of incoming vehicles is statistically analyzed to calculate statistical features such as the average speed, standard deviation, and extreme values of all incoming vehicles within this time window. More specifically, the average speed is calculated as the average value of the speeds of all incoming vehicles, the standard deviation is calculated to measure the degree of dispersion of the speeds of incoming vehicles, and the extreme values are used to determine the highest and lowest speeds of incoming vehicles within this time window.

[0050] Based on the above statistical features, an incoming speed function is constructed. This function comprehensively considers the vehicle speed distribution of all incoming vehicles within the current window and reflects the expected speed range under normal traffic flow. In some embodiments, a probability density function can be fitted based on the distribution pattern of the speed data, such as a normal distribution. The function is:

[0051] where, is the incoming speed of the vehicle entering the speed monitoring area, is the average incoming speed of all vehicles' incoming speeds, is the incoming variance.

[0052] Similarly, based on the outgoing speed data, the average outgoing speed , the outgoing variance and the outgoing extreme values are used to construct the corresponding probability density function , representing the distribution law of the outgoing speed.

[0053] After that, the constructed incoming speed function and outgoing speed function are integrated to obtain a dynamic speeding reference value. This reference value comprehensively considers the traffic flow, vehicle speed distribution within the current time window, and the vehicle speed trend of the adjacent time window, and can more accurately reflect the normal driving speed under different traffic flow conditions.

[0054] This dynamic overspeed reference value serves as the basis for overspeed judgment in the current time window and is used to compare with the actually detected vehicle entry speed and exit speed. If the speed of a vehicle exceeds this reference value, an overspeed warning is triggered. Specifically, in some embodiments, it can be calculated by setting a confidence interval. For example, take the upper limit of the 85% confidence interval of the entry and exit speed distributions as the dynamic overspeed reference value, that is:

[0055] Among them, here represents the percentile value of the speed in the corresponding distribution. The specific meaning is that in the speed distribution, of the vehicle speeds are less than or equal to this value, and

[0056] of the vehicle speeds are higher than this value.

[0057] In summary, based on the probability density function and statistical characteristics of the entry and exit speeds, the analysis unit 30 calculates the probability score of speed anomalies, generates a risk level, and transmits it to the warning unit 40 for dynamic prompting and alarm. It can be understood that through detailed speed data recording, statistical analysis, and function construction, this system realizes precise monitoring of vehicle speed behavior within the time window, providing technical support for road safety and traffic management.

[0058] Considering the risk assessment level of the intrusion event uploaded by the remote server in the above-mentioned event monitoring area, and also taking into account that the system can quickly improve its response ability when high-risk level events occur, thus realizing dynamic adaptation to changes in the risk environment. Therefore, in some other embodiments of the present invention, after the risk assessment level of the uploaded intrusion event, the unit length of the subsequent time window is dynamically adjusted according to the risk level to more effectively adapt to changes in the current traffic risk state.

[0059] Specifically, the recording unit 10 uploads the records of the intrusion event, including vehicle information, driving speed, and driving trajectory, to the Internet of Things cloud platform. The remote server analyzes these data and determines the risk level of the intrusion event according to a preset risk assessment model. Here, the determination method of the risk level of the intrusion event by the remote server mentioned above can be referred to. In some embodiments, the risk assessment model classifies the risk level of the intrusion event into three levels: high, medium, and low.

[0060] For example, when a break-in event evaluated as a high-risk level occurs, to respond in a timely manner and strengthen risk monitoring, the system dynamically shortens the unit length of subsequent time windows. The core of this adjustment strategy is to enable the monitoring unit 20 to capture the change in the driving speed of vehicles with a higher time resolution by shortening the time window, so as to quickly judge and respond to potential speeding risks and break-in behaviors.

[0061] More specifically, after a break-in event of high-risk level occurs, the system will immediately shorten the unit length of a set number of adjacent time windows. For example, the default length of the time window is 30 minutes. After a high-risk level occurs, the unit length of the subsequent 5 set time windows will be shortened to 10 minutes or 20 minutes. Regarding the shortened time ratio and the number of time windows, they can be adjusted according to the density of traffic flow and the actual situation of the road, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0062] After that, the shortened time window length will remain unchanged within a set number of time windows for continuous strengthening of monitoring. If no new high-risk level break-in events are detected within these time windows, the system will decide whether to restore the default time window length based on the risk assessment result.

[0063] Regarding how to restore the time length of the time window, in some embodiments, if the occurrence frequency of break-in events within the shortened time window decreases significantly, such as no break-in events occur or only 1 break-in event occurs within these 5 time windows, and the risk assessment of this break-in event is at a low level, or the risk assessment level of the newly occurring break-in event gradually drops from high to medium or low, then the system will gradually increase the unit length of the time window.

[0064] In other embodiments, it is also considered to adopt a method of increasing in segmented ratios for time restoration. For example, if the shortened unit length is 10 minutes, it can increase by 5 minutes for every two time windows in sequence until the default length is restored, which can avoid the problem of insufficient monitoring sensitivity caused by the time window being restored too quickly.

[0065] In summary, it can be understood that the system continuously monitors the driving state of vehicles by the monitoring unit 20 recording the incoming speed and outgoing speed of each vehicle in real time, combining with the adjusted time window length. The analysis unit 30 updates the speed distribution model based on statistical characteristics in real time, and adjusts the dynamic speeding reference value to match the new time window length to ensure the accuracy of risk judgment.

[0066] In addition, regarding the requirement that the system can quickly improve the response ability when high-risk level events occur, so as to dynamically adapt to changes in the risk environment, in other embodiments, it is also considered that after the risk assessment level of the uploaded break-in event, the confidence upper limit value of the set speed distribution model is dynamically adjusted according to the risk level.

[0067] It can be understood that in the analysis unit 30, the determination of the dynamic overspeed reference value depends on the above-mentioned speed distribution model based on statistical characteristics. The core of this speed distribution model is to analyze the entry speed and exit speed of vehicles entering the speed monitoring area, construct a speed distribution function, and set the upper confidence limit value as the dynamic overspeed reference value. In some embodiments, to enable the system to more flexibly adapt to the actual traffic environment and risk changes, the upper confidence limit value is dynamically adjusted according to the risk assessment result of the remote server, thereby optimizing the dynamic overspeed reference value in real time.

[0068] Regarding the risk level classification of intrusion events, reference can also be made to the above. Specifically, if it is evaluated as a high risk level, it indicates that there are relatively high potential safety hazards in the traffic conditions, such as a significant increase in the proportion of vehicle overspeed and a relatively high abnormal situation in the driving trajectories of vehicles on this section of the road. In this case, to improve the sensitivity of the system to overspeed behavior, the upper confidence limit value is reduced to decrease the dynamic overspeed reference value. For example, the upper confidence limit value is adjusted from 85% to 70% or below, corresponding to a lower speed value, and overspeed behavior is judged by a stricter standard. Regarding the reduction adjustment ratio of the upper confidence limit value, it can be adjusted according to the density of traffic flow and the actual situation of the road, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0069] In the case where the intrusion event is of medium risk level, that is, there may be some overspeed behaviors or traffic risks, but the overall risk level is not as significant as that of the high risk level. At this time, the upper confidence limit value can be moderately reduced, for example, adjusted from 85% to about 80%, to strengthen the monitoring of potential overspeed behaviors while avoiding excessive interference with normal traffic flow.

[0070] If the risk assessment result is of low risk level, or the risk assessment level of the intrusion event continues to be low within multiple adjusted time windows, the upper confidence limit value can be gradually restored. For example, it is gradually restored from 70% to 85% until the default value is reached, ensuring the balance between the system monitoring sensitivity and traffic fluency.

[0071] Regarding the segmented adjustment of the upper confidence limit value, it should be noted that to avoid interference with the system stability and vehicle driver behavior caused by frequent adjustment, the adjustment process of this value can adopt a segmented mechanism. For example, for high risk level events, the upper confidence limit value can be reduced in three or more steps, with each step reducing by 2% - 5% until the target value; the restoration process can be gradually carried out at a ratio of 2% increase each time.

[0072] In summary, it can be understood that through the above dynamic adjustment mechanism, the upper confidence limit value can flexibly adapt to the dynamic changes in the traffic environment, improve the response ability to high-risk traffic conditions, reduce potential safety hazards, and at the same time gradually restore the default value when the risk decreases, avoiding interference with normal traffic and ensuring the balance between the adaptability and sensitivity of the system.

[0073] In the upstream buffer zone of the highway maintenance construction area, a dynamic display unit 50 and a guiding unit are set up to realize the functions of dynamic information display and vehicle guidance, and ensure traffic safety within the construction area.

[0074] Specifically, the dynamic display unit 50 is used to receive in real time the dynamic speeding reference value transmitted by the analysis unit 30 and display this value in an intuitive way to passing vehicles. In some embodiments, through the association with the time window, the dynamic display unit 50 updates the display content sequentially in units of time windows, reflecting the latest speed control reference value of the current road section.

[0075] More specifically, when a new time window is opened, the dynamic speeding reference value calculated by the analysis unit 30 is transmitted to the dynamic display unit 50. In some embodiments, after parsing this value, the dynamic display unit 50 uses a high-brightness display screen or an LED dynamic display screen to display the value as clearly visible numbers, for example: "Dynamic speeding value: 30 km / h".

[0076] In addition, it is also considered that to enhance the warning effect, the dynamic display unit 50 can adopt color coding. For example, if it is within the normal speed range, that is, not approaching speeding, it is displayed in green; if it is approaching the speeding critical value, it is displayed in yellow; if it is within the speeding range, it flashes in red and is accompanied by a prompt "Slow down and drive carefully".

[0077] It should be noted that the dynamic display unit 50 automatically refreshes the content in units of time windows to ensure that the displayed is the latest dynamic speeding reference value within the current time window. The display screen can also be attached with a timestamp or an update identifier to prompt the driver that this data is updated in real time.

[0078] Regarding the guiding unit, the guiding unit is used to clearly indicate the direction and distance of the construction location and guide the vehicle to change lanes in advance according to the actual road conditions. For example, the guiding unit dynamically displays the construction direction within the buffer zone through LED arrow lights or direction indication signs, for example: "Construction on the right 500 meters ahead, please change lanes to the left lane".

[0079] In summary, the coordinated work of the dynamic display unit 50 and the guiding unit can dynamically display the road speed control information and indicate the location of the construction area, providing real-time and clear guidance for the driver and reducing safety hazards caused by information delay or ambiguity.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the safety of personnel in the construction area, an alarm unit can be added to the maintenance construction section.

[0081] Specifically, the alarm unit is set at key positions in the maintenance construction section, such as the area where construction personnel work intensively or the area where transportation tools are stored. The alarm unit is used to emit an audible and visual alarm signal in real time when the camera unit in the recording unit 10 detects an intruding vehicle. For example, it uses a high-decibel horn to emit an obvious warning sound, such as a rapid beeping sound, to remind the personnel in the construction area to pay attention in time and take evasive action.

[0082] In addition, portable reminder devices, such as vibrating bracelets or reminder lights inside helmets, can be considered for construction personnel. These devices are synchronously linked with the alarm unit. When the alarm unit is triggered, the portable devices emit vibrations or warning sounds simultaneously, providing a more direct evasion reminder for individuals and further improving the coverage rate of the reminder.

[0083] It can be understood that an alarm unit is set in the maintenance construction section. When the camera unit detects an intruding vehicle, the alarm unit is immediately triggered to emit a high-decibel warning sound and a red flashing warning, reminding the construction personnel to pay attention and take evasive action. At the same time, combined with voice prompts and portable reminder devices, real-time risk avoidance guidance is provided for the personnel in the construction area to ensure construction safety.

[0084] In summary, through the cooperation of the monitoring unit 20 and the analysis unit 30, the data of the monitoring unit 20 is packed according to a time window and then transmitted to the analysis unit 30 for further processing. Through the construction of a distribution function and dynamic analysis, a comprehensive statistical result is formed. The system adopts a fixed time window mechanism to ensure the smoothness and consistency of data collection and processing, and avoid data omission or redundancy. In the event monitoring area, the recording unit 10 is used to capture the images, trajectories, and speed information of the intruding vehicle, construct a complete vehicle behavior profile, and uniformly manage data upload, classification, and remote processing through the Internet of Things cloud platform, which is convenient for system expansion and subsequent upgrade.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The patent protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims. Any equivalent structural changes made by using the description and drawings of the present invention shall be equally included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intrusion warning system for highway maintenance period, characterized in that, A buffer zone, a speed monitoring zone, and an event monitoring zone are sequentially set on the incoming section of the road where the vehicle is driving towards the highway maintenance construction area; A monitoring unit and an analysis unit are set in the speed monitoring zone. Multiple consecutive time windows are constructed based on time series. The monitoring unit is used to record the incoming speed of each vehicle entering the speed monitoring zone and the outgoing speed of each vehicle leaving the speed monitoring zone within each time window; Within the current time window, the analysis unit constructs an incoming speed function and an outgoing speed function respectively based on statistical characteristics according to all the incoming speeds and outgoing speeds obtained in the adjacent previous time window, and calculates a dynamic overspeed reference value after synthesis as the overspeed judgment basis for the current time window; A recording unit is set in the event monitoring zone. The recording unit is used to record the vehicle information, driving speed, and driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle in the event monitoring zone. The recording unit is communicatively connected to a remote server through the Internet of Things cloud platform, and after uploading the collected data, the remote server classifies and risk-assesses the intrusion event; among them, the risk level of the intrusion event is determined by combining the deviation degree of the driving trajectory, the change range of the driving speed, and the relative distance from the maintenance construction area; After an intrusion event determined to be of a high risk level occurs, the monitoring unit continuously shortens the unit length of the subsequent set number of time windows until the risk assessment level of the intrusion event in the subsequent time window continuously decreases, and then gradually restores the unit length of the time window to the default value.

2. The intrusion warning system for highway maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that The recording unit includes a camera unit set on the entrance section of the event monitoring zone. When an intruding vehicle enters the event monitoring zone, the camera unit captures the front image and side image of the intruding vehicle during the moving process in real time, records the captured image data in the form of image frames, marks the acquisition time of each frame with a time stamp, and identifies the license plate number and vehicle model of the intruding vehicle from the image data as the vehicle information.

3. The intrusion warning system for highway maintenance according to claim 2, characterized in that The recording unit also includes a speedometer. The speedometer is used to obtain the driving speed of the intruding vehicle. The recording unit records the spatial position of the intruding vehicle in each image frame through the time stamp marked on each image frame, and connects the spatial positions of the intruding vehicle in adjacent image frames to generate a trajectory line, so as to obtain the driving trajectory of the intruding vehicle in the event monitoring zone.

4. A intrusion warning system during highway maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring unit includes speedometers respectively set on the entrance section and the exit section of the speed monitoring zone, which are respectively used to record the incoming speed and the outgoing speed of the vehicle in real time, mark the recorded speed data with time stamps, and match the incoming speed and the outgoing speed of the same vehicle through the vehicle identification; Within each time window, the monitoring unit records the incoming speed and the outgoing speed of each vehicle in real time according to the time stamp order, and dynamically updates the data table of the current time window. When a new time window starts, the incoming speed and the outgoing speed completely recorded in the adjacent previous time window are packaged and transmitted to the analysis unit.

5. A intrusion warning system during highway maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, A warning unit is also provided in the speed monitoring area. When the monitoring unit detects that the driving speed of a vehicle exceeds the dynamic overspeed reference value, the warning unit records the vehicle information of the vehicle and conducts a warning process.

6. The intrusion warning system for highway maintenance according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the analysis unit receives the entering speed and leaving speed completely recorded within a time window transmitted by the monitoring unit in a packed manner, it calculates the statistical characteristics of the entering speed of the vehicle within this time window, including the average entering speed value, entering variance, and entering extreme value, and constructs a probability density function of the entering speed according to its statistical characteristics as the entering speed function. Calculate the statistical characteristics of the leaving speed of the vehicle within this time window, including the average leaving speed value, leaving variance, and leaving extreme value, and construct a probability density function of the leaving speed according to its statistical characteristics as the leaving speed function.

7. An intrusion warning system for highway maintenance according to claim 6, characterized in that, The analysis unit combines the entering speed function and the leaving speed function to obtain a speed distribution model, which is used to reflect the speed distribution trend of all vehicles passing through the overall section of the speed monitoring area within the corresponding time window. Set the upper confidence limit value of the speed distribution model , and use the value exceeding the upper confidence limit as the dynamic speeding reference value within the next adjacent time window : Among them, is the entering speed function, is the exiting speed function, is the percentile value in the speed distribution model.

8. The intrusion warning system for highway maintenance according to claim 1, characterized in that, A dynamic display unit and a guiding unit for indicating the direction and distance of the construction position are provided in the buffer area. The dynamic display unit is used to receive the dynamic overspeed reference value transmitted by the analysis unit in real time, and the dynamic display unit updates and displays the corresponding dynamic overspeed reference value in the order of the constructed time window, so as to reflect the latest dynamic overspeed reference value of the upstream section of the maintenance construction.

9. A intrusion warning system during highway maintenance according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, According to the vehicle intrusion data received by the remote server, combined with the deviation degree of the driving trajectory of the intrusion vehicle, the change range of the driving speed, and the relative distance from the maintenance construction area, the risk level of the intrusion event is determined. Specifically: Compare the current driving trajectory of the intrusion vehicle with the set safe trajectory in the event monitoring area and calculate the lateral deviation value. The larger the lateral deviation value, the higher the determined risk level. Calculate the instantaneous change rate of the driving speed of the intrusion vehicle. The larger the instantaneous change rate, the higher the determined risk level. Calculate the closest distance value between the current position of the intrusion vehicle and the boundary of the maintenance construction area. The smaller the closest distance value, the higher the determined risk level.

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