Multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag breaking and crushing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag breaking and crushing device which comprises a rack, a movable safety grid, a hydraulic bale breaking mechanism, a cross-shaped saw blade bale opening mechanism, a material guiding mechanism, a material gathering hopper, a material gathering roller crushing mechanism, a medium particle fly ash buffering bin, a vibrating feeder and a vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism, wherein the movable safety grid, the hydraulic bale breaking mechanism, the cross-shaped saw blade bale opening mechanism, the material guiding mechanism, the material gathering hopper, the material gathering roller crushing mechanism, the medium particle fly ash buffering bin, the vibrating feeder and the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism are installed on the rack. According to the device, packaging of special fly ash such as deliquescence and solidification of ton bag packaging is smoothly unpacked through a mechanical means, the packaging is separated from the fly ash, then large fly ash blocks are crushed into small particles, the requirement for the granularity of the fly ash in the subsequent process is met, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the industry of resource processing of fly ash from incineration of domestic waste, and in particular to a multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device. Background Art

[0002] On July 10, 2024, the applicant submitted an invention patent application entitled "Integrated ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device" to the State Intellectual Property Office of China, with the publication number CN118893073A, which includes a bag breaking mechanism, a large fly ash crushing mechanism, a small fly ash crushing mechanism, a crusher and a conveyor. However, when it receives the deliquescent, solidified and other special fly ash bags packed in ton bags, there will be problems such as the bottom of the ton bag cannot be cut open, the fly ash and the ton bag are bonded into a whole piece, and the fly ash is bonded into a whole piece and cannot be broken.

[0003] In addition, the methods of breaking and crushing artificial agglomerated fly ash bags currently used in the market are basically rough, crude and inefficient methods of breaking and crushing artificial agglomerated fly ash bags. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device, which can mechanically open the ton bag packaging of special fly ash such as deliquesced and solidified fly ash, and then crush the large pieces of fly ash into small particles, so as to meet the particle size requirements of the later process for fly ash, reduce the labor intensity of workers, and improve production efficiency.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional ton bag agglomerated fly ash bag breaking and crushing device, comprising:

[0007] frame;

[0008] A hydraulic bag loosening mechanism is arranged on the frame, and the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism crushes the hard block fly ash in the ton bag, so that the ton bag bonded with the block fly ash is separated from the fly ash, so that the fly ash and the ton bag can be completely separated after the bottom of the ton bag is broken;

[0009] A cross saw blade bag opening mechanism is arranged on the frame and below the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism, and the cross saw blade bag opening mechanism quickly cuts the bottom of the ton bag by rapid reciprocating motion of the saw blade;

[0010] A material guiding mechanism which is arranged on the frame and located below the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism, and the material guiding mechanism guides out the materials in the unpacked ton bags;

[0011] An aggregate hopper which is arranged on the frame and located below the material guiding mechanism, the material guiding mechanism is accommodated in the feed inlet of the aggregate hopper, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the aggregate hopper;

[0012] An aggregate roller crushing mechanism which is arranged on the frame and located at the bottom of the discharge port of the aggregate hopper, and the aggregate roller crushing mechanism crushes the large - block fly ash coming out of the discharge port of the aggregate hopper into medium - sized particles and fine particles and sends them out;

[0013] A medium - sized particle fly ash buffer bin which is arranged on the frame and located below the aggregate roller crushing mechanism; a feed inlet is arranged at the top of the medium - sized particle fly ash buffer bin, and a discharge port is arranged at the bottom. The feed inlet at the top of the medium - sized particle fly ash buffer bin is docked with the bottom of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism to receive the medium - sized particles and fine particles sent from the aggregate roller crushing mechanism;

[0014] A vibrating feeder which is arranged on the frame and docked with the feed inlet at the bottom of the medium - sized particle fly ash buffer bin;

[0015] A vertical multi - row blade crushing mechanism which is arranged on the frame and docked with the discharge port of the vibrating feeder, and the vertical multi - row blade crushing mechanism crushes the medium - sized particle fly ash into fine particle fly ash.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a movable safety grille which is arranged on the frame and located above the hydraulic unpacking mechanism. When the hydraulic unpacking mechanism squeezes the ton bag, the bottom of the ton bag touches the top of the movable safety grille, so that the movable safety grille cooperates with the hydraulic unpacking mechanism to crush the large - block fly ash in the ton bag.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a hoisting mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame to hoist the ton bag.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic unpacking mechanism includes two pressure plates capable of relative movement, and each pressure plate is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder is installed on the frame through a cylinder support frame.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure plate is an arc - shaped pressure plate to wrap the ton bag with the largest contact surface.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, raised support rib plates are provided on the surface of each pressure plate in contact with the ton bag. The raised support rib plates play a role in preventing the pressure plate from being deformed, and also play a role in increasing the local force on large and hard fly ash, making it easier to break large fly ash.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism includes: a long saw blade module and a short saw blade module cross-mounted on the frame, a long saw blade fixing groove arranged in the long saw blade module, and a short saw blade fixing groove arranged in the short saw blade module; the long saw blade is installed in the long saw blade fixing groove and driven to reciprocate by a long saw blade module driving mechanism on the frame, and the short saw blade is installed in the short saw blade fixing groove and driven to reciprocate by a short saw blade module driving mechanism on the frame.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module are installed on a buffer spring. When the ton bag presses on the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module, the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module can be lowered, so that the saw teeth of the long saw blade and the saw teeth of the short saw blade protrude from the top of the long saw blade module and the top of the short saw blade module, and are in full contact with the bottom of the ton bag. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material guiding mechanism includes a pair of material guiding plates welded at a 90° angle to the movable support rod. Each material guiding plate is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod, and both ends of the movable support rod are hinged to the feeding port of the collecting hopper through fixed brackets.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the aggregate roller crushing mechanism includes a number of anti-crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge port of the collecting hopper. The number of anti-crushing rollers and the number of positive crushing rollers are arranged alternately. A gear is provided at one end of each anti-crushing roller and each positive crushing roller. The other ends of each anti-crushing roller and each positive crushing roller are respectively on the frame; these gears are sequentially engaged to drive all the anti-crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers to rotate, and any one of these gears is driven to rotate by an electric mechanism.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each reverse crushing roller and each positive crushing roller have the same structure, and both include a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve which are sleeved at intervals on the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, and a left-handed sleeve sleeved on one end of the crushing roller shaft and a right-handed sleeve sleeved on the other end of the crushing roller shaft; a limiting iron ring is fixed at both ends of the crushing roller shaft by limiting bolts which radially pass through the crushing roller shaft, and the limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft squeeze the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve onto the crushing roller shaft, and a crushing protruding tooth is arranged on the outer peripheral surface of each crushing sleeve, and a left-handed spiral material gathering protruding tooth and a right-handed spiral material gathering protruding tooth are arranged on the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve respectively, and the left-handed spiral material gathering protruding tooth on the reverse crushing roller and the right-handed spiral material gathering protruding tooth on the positive crushing roller are engaged with each other; the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve are all connected to the crushing roller shaft by a key.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The hydraulic bag loosening mechanism can crush the hard block fly ash in the ton bag, so that the ton bag that is bonded with the block fly ash can be separated from the fly ash, so that the fly ash and the ton bag can be completely separated after the bottom of the ton bag is broken. The two pressure plates of the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism are arc-shaped pressure plates, which can hold the ton bag with the maximum contact surface, and the whole ton bag of fly ash is stressed at the same time. There are raised support ribs on the inner side of the pressure plate. The support ribs play a role in preventing the pressure plate from being deformed, and also play a role in increasing the local force of large pieces of hard fly ash, which makes large pieces of fly ash easier to break. The raised support ribs are shorter, and the inner side and the bulge of the pressure plate are very smooth, so the ton bag is not easy to be damaged, and the ton bag is prevented from hanging on the pressure plate.

[0027] 2. With the movable safety grille, when a whole bag of fly ash is squeezed by the pressure plate of the hydraulic bag loosening mechanism, the hard fly ash at the bottom of the safety grille can also be squeezed and crushed. In addition, the movable safety grille can also prevent workers from accidentally falling into the dangerous area during daily operations.

[0028] 3. The cross saw blade bag opening mechanism is adopted. Through the reciprocating motion of the saw blade, the thin and sharp saw blade quickly cuts the bottom of the ton bag.

[0029] 4. Both ends of the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module are installed on buffer springs. When the ton bag is pressed on the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module, the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module can be lowered so that the teeth of the long saw blade and the teeth of the short saw blade protrude from the top of the long saw blade module and the top of the short saw blade module, fully contacting the bottom of the ton bag, while preventing the saw blade module and the saw blade from being crushed.

[0030] 5. An inlet guiding mechanism is adopted. Two guiding plates in the inlet guiding mechanism fall into one side or both sides of the material gathering roller crushing mechanism according to the weight of the falling material, and there will always be a gap in the middle or on one side, preventing the material dropped instantaneously from a ton bag from completely covering the gathering roller crushing mechanism, thus avoiding the gathering roller crushing mechanism from being pressed by the material and stopping operation.

[0031] 6. A material gathering hopper is adopted, which can gather the material inward when it falls downward, ensuring that the material falls within the working range of the material gathering roller crushing mechanism.

[0032] 7. A material gathering roller crushing mechanism is adopted. The gaps in the material gathering roller crushing mechanism are large, and fine particles and medium-sized particle fly ash can smoothly pass through and enter the buffer bin. Only large block fly ash remains in the material gathering roller crushing mechanism. Through the gathering protruding teeth, the material on both sides is pushed towards the middle, and the material passes through the crushing protruding teeth and nibbles at a small opening. During the nibbling process, the material keeps bouncing, preventing the material from adhering to each other again. Eventually, the large block fly ash becomes medium-sized particles and fine particles and falls into the buffer bin. The large block fly ash stays on the material gathering roller crushing mechanism for a period of time and then becomes medium-sized particles and falls, which can also relieve the pressure on the buffer bin.

[0033] 8. A medium-sized particle fly ash buffer bin and a vibrating feeder are adopted, which can buffer the fly ash dropped instantaneously from the ton bag and send it into the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism at a uniform speed, avoiding pressing and stopping the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism.

[0034] 9. A vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism is adopted. The blades are arranged in multiple layers and can impact and crush the medium-sized particle fly ash into fine particles multiple times. The blades are thin and have small resistance, and can knock down the protruding fly ash sticking to the wall, reducing the blockage phenomenon.

[0035] The present invention smoothly unpacks the moisture-absorbing, solidifying and other special fly ash packed in ton bags by mechanical means, separates the packaging from the fly ash, and then crushes the large block fly ash into small particles, meeting the particle size requirements of the subsequent process for fly ash, reducing the labor intensity of workers and improving production efficiency. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a front view of the cross-section of the multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a side view of the cross-section of the multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a top view of the structural layout of the material gathering roller crushing mechanism of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 5 One of the schematic diagrams of the combination of the material collecting roller crushing mechanism and the material collecting hopper of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 6 Another schematic diagram of the combination of the material collecting roller crushing mechanism and the material collecting hopper of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 7 One of the schematic diagrams of the anti-crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 8 Another schematic diagram of the anti-crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 9 One of the schematic diagrams of the positive crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 10 Another schematic diagram of the positive crushing roller structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 11 Top view of the structural layout of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 12 Front view of the structural layout of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 13 Side view of the structural layout of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the long saw blade structure of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the short saw blade structure of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0051] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] See Figures 2 to 15 , a multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag breaking and crushing device shown in the figure, comprising: a frame 100, a movable safety grille 200, a hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300, a cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400, a material guiding mechanism 500, a material collecting hopper 600, a material collecting roller crushing mechanism 700, a medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800, a vibrating feeder 900 and a vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000.

[0053] The entire frame 100 is a frame vertical structure assembled with I-beams. A hoisting mechanism 1100 is installed at the top of the frame 100 for hoisting ton bags.

[0054] An active safety grille 200 is installed at the upper part of the frame 100, which can prevent the staff from accidentally falling during daily operations and prevent them from falling into dangerous areas. The active safety grille 200 is located below the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400. The active safety grille 200 is welded into a cross shape with profiled steel and installed on the frame 100 by means of channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames. The channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames are welded to the frame 100, while the active safety grille 200 is supported on the channel steel fixing frames and I-beam fixing frames in a detachable manner. In this way, when the machine is shut down for maintenance, the active safety grille 200 can be directly removed.

[0055] The hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 is installed on the frame 100 and is located above the active safety grille 200. The specific structure of the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 is as follows: The hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 includes two pressure plates 310 and 320 that can move relative to each other. Each pressure plate 310 and 320 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder 330 and 340. The hydraulic cylinders 330 and 340 are installed on the frame 100 through cylinder support frames 350 and 360.

[0056] The two pressure plates 310 and 320 of the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 are arc-shaped pressure plates, which can hold the ton bag with the largest contact surface, and the whole ton bag of fly ash is stressed simultaneously. There are raised support ribs 311 and 321 on the inner sides of the pressure plates 310 and 320. The raised support ribs 311 and 321 play the role of preventing the pressure plates 310 and 320 from deforming easily, and also play the role of increasing the local stress on large and hard fly ash, making the large fly ash easier to break. The raised support ribs 311 and 321 are relatively short, and the inner sides of the pressure plates 310 and 320 and the raised parts of the raised support ribs 311 and 321 are very smooth, so that the ton bag is not easily damaged and the ton bag is prevented from hanging on the pressure plates 310 and 320.

[0057] The hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 crushes the hard blocky fly ash in the ton bag, causing a separation gap between the ton bag and the fly ash bonded to the blocky fly ash, which can meet the requirement that after the bottom of the ton bag is unpacked, the fly ash and the ton bag are completely separated; when the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 squeezes the ton bag, the bottom of the ton bag touches the top of the active safety grille 200, enabling the active safety grille 200 to cooperate with the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 to crush the large fly ash in the ton bag.

[0058] The cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 is installed on the frame 100 and is located below the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300. The specific structure of the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 is as follows: See especially Figures 11 to 15, the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 includes: a long saw blade module 410, two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b cross-mounted on the frame 100, a long saw blade 430, two short saw blades 440a and 440b, a long saw blade fixing groove 450, and two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b.

[0059] The long saw blade 430 and the short saw blades 440a and 440b are respectively installed on the long saw blade fixing groove 450 and the two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b by fasteners such as fastening bolts and nuts. The long saw blade 430 and the two short saw blades 440a and 440b are respectively arranged on the long saw blade module 410 and the two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b. At one end of the long saw blade fixing groove 450 and the two short saw blade fixing grooves 460a and 460b, the long saw blade 430 and the short saw blades 440a and 440b are respectively driven by a long saw blade driving mechanism 470 and short saw blade drives 480a and 480b (such as linear motion mechanisms) installed on the frame 100 to reciprocate linearly with the long saw blade module 410 and the two short saw blade modules 420a and 420b respectively, quickly cutting open the bottom of the ton bag.

[0060] Both ends of the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b are installed on a buffer spring 490. When the ton bag presses on the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b can be lowered, so that the saw teeth 431 of the long saw blade 430 and the saw teeth 441a and 441b of the short saw blades 440a and 440b protrude from the top of the long saw blade module 410 and the top of the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, and fully contact the bottom of the ton bag.

[0061] The material guiding mechanism 500 is installed on the frame 100 and is located below the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400. The material guiding mechanism 500 guides out the materials in the unpacked ton bag. Its specific structure is: specifically referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the material guiding mechanism 500 includes a pair of material guiding plates 510 welded at a 90° angle on the movable support rod 520. Each material guiding plate 510 is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod 520. Both ends of the movable support rod 520 are hinged to the feeding port 610 of the material collecting hopper 600 through fixed brackets 530. The material guiding plates 510 fall into one side or both sides of the material collecting roller crushing mechanism 700 according to the weight of the falling materials, and always keep there is no gap in the middle or on one side that will not be completely covered by the materials dropped from the ton bag instantly, avoiding the material collecting roller crushing mechanism 700 being pressed and stopped.

[0062] The aggregate hopper 600 is installed on the frame 100 and is located below the material guiding mechanism 500. The material guiding mechanism 500 is accommodated in the feed inlet 610 of the aggregate hopper 600. The bottom of the aggregate hopper 600 is provided with a discharge outlet 620. The aggregate hopper 600 can collect the materials inward when they fall downward, ensuring that the materials fall to the working position of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700.

[0063] The aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700 is installed on the frame 100 and is located at the bottom of the discharge outlet 620 of the aggregate hopper 600. The aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700 crushes the large chunks of fly ash coming out of the discharge outlet 620 of the aggregate hopper 600 into medium particles and fine particles and sends them out. Its specific structure is as follows: Specifically refer to Figures 4 to 11 , the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700 includes a number of anti-crushing rollers 710 and positive crushing rollers 720 arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge outlet 620 of the aggregate hopper 600. A number of anti-crushing rollers 710 and a number of positive crushing rollers 720 are arranged alternately. A gear 730 is provided at one end of each anti-crushing roller 710 and each positive crushing roller 720. The other end of each anti-crushing roller 710 and the other end of each positive crushing roller 720 are respectively arranged on the frame 100 through shafts. These gears 730 are sequentially engaged to drive all the anti-crushing rollers 710 and positive crushing rollers 720 to rotate, and any one of these gears 730 is driven to rotate by the electric mechanism 740.

[0064] Each anti-crushing roller 710 and each positive crushing roller 720 have the same structure, and each includes a crushing roller shaft 711, 721, smooth sleeves 712, 722 sleeved at the middle positions of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, crushing sleeves 713, 723, left-handed sleeves 714, 724 sleeved at one end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, and right-handed sleeves 715, 725 sleeved at the other end of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721. At both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721, a limiting iron ring 717, 727 is fixed respectively through a limiting bolt 716, 726 radially passing through the crushing roller shafts 711, 721. The limiting iron rings 717, 727 at both ends of the crushing roller shafts 711, 721 squeeze and sleeve the smooth sleeves 712, 722, crushing sleeves 713, 723, left-handed sleeves 714, 724 and right-handed sleeves 715, 725 on the crushing roller shafts 711, 721. The smooth sleeves 712, 722, crushing sleeves 713, 723, left-handed sleeves 714, 724 and right-handed sleeves 715, 725 are all connected to the crushing roller shafts 711, 721 through keys 718, 728.

[0065] On the outer peripheral surfaces of each of the crushing sleeves 713 and 723, there are provided crushing raised teeth 713a and 723a. On the left-handed sleeves 714 and 724 and the right-handed sleeves 715 and 725, there are respectively provided left-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 714a and 724a and right-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 715a and 725a. The left-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 714a on the reverse crushing roller 710 engage with the right-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 724a on the positive crushing roller 720; the right-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 715a on the reverse crushing roller 710 engage with the left-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 725a on the positive crushing roller 720.

[0066] The gap of the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700 is large. Fine particles and medium particles of fly ash can smoothly pass through and enter the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800. Only large chunks of fly ash remain in the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700. Through the left-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 714a, 724a and the right-handed spiral material-gathering raised teeth 715a, 725a, the materials on both sides are pushed towards the middle. The materials are nibbled by the small openings of the crushing raised teeth 713a and 723a. During the nibbling process, the materials keep jumping, avoiding re-bonding between the materials. Eventually, the large chunks of fly ash become medium particles and fine particles and fall into the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800. The large chunks of fly ash stay on the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700 for a period of time and then become medium particles and fall, which can also relieve the pressure on the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800.

[0067] The medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800 is installed on the frame 100 and is located below the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700; at the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800, there is provided a feed inlet 810, and at the bottom, there is provided a discharge outlet 820. The feed inlet 810 at the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800 is docked with the bottom of the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700 to receive the medium particles and fine particles sent from the material-gathering roller crushing mechanism 700;

[0068] The vibrating feeder 900 is installed on the frame 100 and is docked with the discharge outlet 820 at the bottom of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800.

[0069] The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 is installed on the frame 100 and is docked with the discharge outlet of the vibrating feeder 900. The vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 crushes the medium particle fly ash into fine particle fly ash.

[0070] By adopting the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800 and the vibrating feeder 900, it can play a buffering role for the fly ash that instantaneously falls into the ton bag, and is fed into the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 at a uniform speed for metering, avoiding jamming and stopping the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000. The blades of the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 are arranged in multiple layers, and the medium particle fly ash can be crushed into fine particles multiple times. The blades are thin and have small resistance, and can knock down the convex fly ash sticking to the wall, reducing the blockage phenomenon.

[0071] The process route of the multifunctional bulk bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device is as follows:

[0072] Combined with Figure 1 , first, a whole bulk bag of fly ash is placed on the long saw blade module 410 and the short saw blade modules 420a and 420b, and the hydraulic unpacking mechanism 300 squeezes it. The squeezed fly ash blocks are deformed and loosened, creating a gap with the bulk bag. Start the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism 400 to cut a cross opening at the bottom of the bulk bag. The fine particle fly ash directly leaks down, and the large block fly ash falls to a partial position of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700 along the inclined direction of the guide plate 510. Under the rolling of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700, the large block fly ash moves to the middle position of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism 700 and is continuously nibbled by the crushing convex teeth 713a and 723a into medium particles and fine particles, and then falls into the medium particle fly ash buffer bin 800. It is continuously and uniformly fed into the vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism 1000 through the vibrating feeder 900 and crushed into small particles, completing the bag-breaking and crushing pretreatment of the specific fly ash packed in bulk bags. Then it is sent to the next process through the scraper conveyor.

Claims

1. A multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device, characterized in that, Comprising: A frame; A hydraulic unpacking mechanism arranged on the frame, which crushes the hard blocky fly ash in the ton bag, so that a separation gap is generated between the ton bag adhered to the blocky fly ash, which can meet the requirement that after the bottom of the ton bag is unpacked, the fly ash is completely separated from the ton bag; A cross saw blade unpacking mechanism arranged on the frame and below the hydraulic unpacking mechanism, which quickly cuts open the bottom of the ton bag through the rapid reciprocating movement of the saw blade; A feeding mechanism arranged on the frame and below the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism, which discharges the materials in the unpacked ton bag; An aggregate hopper arranged on the frame and below the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism is accommodated in the feeding port of the aggregate hopper, and the bottom of the aggregate hopper is provided with a discharge port; An aggregate roller crushing mechanism arranged on the frame and at the bottom of the discharge port of the aggregate hopper, which crushes the large pieces of fly ash coming out of the discharge port of the aggregate hopper into medium particles and fine particles and sends them out; A medium particle fly ash buffer bin arranged on the frame and below the aggregate roller crushing mechanism; the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin is provided with a feeding port, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port. The feeding port at the top of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin is docked with the bottom of the aggregate roller crushing mechanism to receive the medium particles and fine particles sent from the aggregate roller crushing mechanism; A vibrating feeder arranged on the frame and docked with the discharge port at the bottom of the medium particle fly ash buffer bin; A vertical multi-row blade crushing mechanism arranged on the frame and docked with the discharge port of the vibrating feeder, which crushes the medium particle fly ash into fine fly ash.

2. The multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a movable safety grille arranged on the frame and below the cross saw blade unpacking mechanism. When the hydraulic unpacking mechanism extrudes the ton bag, the upper part of the ton bag touches the bottom of the movable safety grille, so that the movable safety grille cooperates with the hydraulic unpacking mechanism to crush the large pieces of fly ash in the ton bag.

3. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A hoisting mechanism is arranged at the top of the frame to hoist the ton bag.

4. A multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hydraulic unpacking mechanism includes two pressure plates that can move relative to each other. Each pressure plate is driven by a hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder is installed on the frame through a cylinder support frame.

5. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pressure plate is an arc-shaped pressure plate to wrap the ton bag with the largest contact surface.

6. The multifunctional ton bag caking fly ash bag breaking and crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, On the contact surface of each pressure plate and the ton bag, there are convex support ribs, which play the role of preventing the pressure plate from deforming and also play the role of increasing the local force on the large hard fly ash, making the large fly ash easier to break.

7. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag breaking and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cross saw blade unpacking mechanism includes: a long saw blade module and a short saw blade module cross-mounted on the frame, a long saw blade arranged in the long saw blade fixing groove, and a short saw blade arranged in the short saw blade fixing groove; the long saw blade drives the long saw blade module to reciprocate through a long saw blade driving mechanism installed on the frame, and the short saw blade drives the short saw blade module to reciprocate through a short saw blade driving mechanism installed on the frame.

8. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both ends of the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module are installed on a buffer spring. When the bulk bag presses on the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module, the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module can be lowered, so that the saw teeth of the long saw blade and the saw teeth of the short saw blade protrude from the tops of the long saw blade module and the short saw blade module, and are in full contact with the bottom of the bulk bag. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material guiding mechanism includes a material guiding plate welded at a 90° angle to the movable support rod. Each material guiding plate is fixed at the middle position of the movable support rod, and both ends of each movable support rod are hinged to the feed inlet of the material collecting hopper through fixed brackets.

9. A multifunctional ton bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The material collecting roller crushing mechanism includes a number of anti-crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers arranged in parallel at the bottom of the discharge port of the material collecting hopper. The number of anti-crushing rollers and the number of positive crushing rollers are arranged alternately. A gear is keyed at one end of each anti-crushing roller and each positive crushing roller. The other end of each anti-crushing roller and the other end of each positive crushing roller are respectively arranged on the frame; these gears are sequentially engaged to drive all the anti-crushing rollers and positive crushing rollers to rotate, and any one of these gears is driven by an electric mechanism to rotate.

10. A multifunctional bulk bag caked fly ash bag-breaking and crushing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, Each anti-crushing roller and each positive crushing roller have the same structure, and each includes a crushing roller shaft, a smooth sleeve and a crushing sleeve spaced around the middle position of the crushing roller shaft, a left-handed sleeve sleeved on one end of the crushing roller shaft, and a right-handed sleeve sleeved on the other end of the crushing roller shaft; at both ends of the crushing roller shaft, a limiting iron ring is fixed respectively through a limiting bolt radially passing through the crushing roller shaft. The limiting iron rings at both ends of the crushing roller shaft squeeze and sleeve the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve on the crushing roller shaft. Crushing raised teeth are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of each crushing sleeve. Left-handed spiral material collecting raised teeth and right-handed spiral material collecting raised teeth are respectively arranged on the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve. The left-handed spiral material collecting raised teeth on the anti-crushing roller are engaged with the right-handed spiral material collecting raised teeth on the positive crushing roller; the smooth sleeve, the crushing sleeve, the left-handed sleeve and the right-handed sleeve are all connected to the crushing roller shaft through keys.

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