High-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and discloses a 3D printing-based high-precision integrated casting forming device which comprises a workbench, a feeding conveying belt is arranged at the top of the workbench, a discharging conveying belt is arranged at the top of the workbench, and a plurality of mechanical arms are arranged at the top of the workbench; a multi-station rotating platform is arranged at the top of the workbench, a pouring casting machine is arranged at the top of the workbench, the pouring casting machine comprises a fixed table, a motor is fixedly connected to the inner top of the fixed table, a transmission disc is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a pouring cavity is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission disc; a centrifugal adjusting valve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity, a counterweight assembly is arranged outside the centrifugal adjusting valve, an air cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the fixing table, and a positioning table is fixedly connected to the output end of the air cylinder. According to the invention, reliable and accurate flow control is realized, and the strict requirements of precision casting on flow stability and accuracy in a high-temperature environment are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly to a high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing. Background Art

[0002] In the precision casting production in the fields of aerospace, high-end equipment, and medical devices, the integrated casting and forming technology based on 3D printing is widely used because it can achieve high-precision manufacturing of complex structural parts. This type of technology needs to prepare a mold shell through 3D printing and precisely control the metal liquid flow rate during the pouring process to ensure the dimensional accuracy and internal quality of the casting. Therefore, extremely high requirements are put forward for the reliability and flow control accuracy of the forming device in a high-temperature environment.

[0003] When the existing casting and forming device pours metal liquid, it usually uses a traditional valve structure or a simple centrifugal mechanism to control the flow rate. However, when linear adjustment of the filling speed or constant flow rate pouring is required, the traditional device often has problems such as insensitive centrifugal force response and sealing structure failure, resulting in large flow rate fluctuations and metal liquid dripping, making it difficult to meet the strict requirements of precision casting for flow stability and accuracy in a high-temperature environment, and thus affecting the quality consistency of the casting.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, a high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing is proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the above deficiencies, the present invention provides a high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing, aiming to improve the problem that some devices in the existing technology are difficult to meet the strict requirements of precision casting for flow stability and accuracy in a high-temperature environment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing, including a workbench, on the top of the workbench is provided a feeding conveyor belt, on the top of the workbench is provided a discharging conveyor belt, on the top of the workbench are provided a plurality of robotic arms, on the top of the workbench is provided a multi-station rotating platform, and on the top of the workbench is provided a pouring casting machine; The pouring casting machine includes a fixed platform, the inner top of the fixed platform is fixedly connected with a motor, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected with a transmission disc, the bottom of the transmission disc is fixedly connected with a pouring cavity, the bottom of the pouring cavity is fixedly connected with a centrifugal regulating valve, an external counterweight assembly is arranged on the centrifugal regulating valve, the inner bottom of the fixed platform is fixedly connected with a cylinder, the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a positioning platform, and the top of the positioning platform is detachably connected with a forming box; The centrifugal regulating valve includes a valve pipe, the top of the valve pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity, and a valve core is slidably connected to the inner wall of the valve pipe; As a further description of the above technical solution: A spiral diversion groove is provided on the inner wall of the pouring cavity, and the spiral angle of the spiral diversion groove is 30°; As a further description of the above technical solution: The centrifugal regulating valve further includes extension piles, a plurality of extension piles are fixedly connected to the outside of the valve core, sealing plates are fixedly connected to both the upper and lower sides of the extension piles, a plurality of sliding rods are fixedly connected to the inside of the valve pipe, the inner walls of the extension piles and the sealing plates are slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rods, a return spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rods, and the return spring is arranged between the bottom end of the sliding rod and the bottom end of the sealing plate; As a further description of the above technical solution: A sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the connection between the valve pipe and the pouring cavity, a plurality of blocking blocks are fixedly connected to the bottom of the sealing ring, a plurality of rectangular adjustment windows are provided on the outside of the valve core, and the shape is adapted to that of the blocking blocks, and a diversion block is provided at the bottom of the valve core; As a further description of the above technical solution: The counterweight assembly includes a fixed ring, the inner side of the fixed ring is fixedly connected to the outside of the valve pipe, a plurality of slide rails are fixedly connected to the outside of the fixed ring, the other ends of the extension piles are rotatably connected to two connecting rods, a setscrew is threadedly connected to the inside of the connecting rods, the adjacent ends of the two setscrews are rotatably connected to a clamping block, and the adjacent ends of the two clamping blocks are detachably connected to a counterweight block; As a further description of the above technical solution: A plurality of clamping grooves are provided on both sides of the counterweight block, and the shape is adapted to that of the clamping block, and a plurality of balls are rotatably connected to the bottom of the counterweight block; As a further description of the above technical solution: A plurality of semi-circular sliding grooves are provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the slide rail, and the outside of the ball is rollingly connected to the top of the semi-circular sliding groove; As a further description of the above technical solution: A 3D printer is provided on the top of the workbench, an automatic dip coater is provided on the top of the workbench, a shell baking furnace is provided on the top of the workbench, and a cooling device is provided on the top of the workbench.

[0007] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, the spiral diversion groove on the inner wall of the pouring cavity ensures the uniform flow of the molten metal. The motor drives the transmission disk to drive the pouring cavity to rotate. The centrifugal force makes the ball at the bottom of the counterweight block roll in the sliding rail chute. The radial movement of the counterweight block drives the valve core to slide along the sliding rod through the connecting rod. The valve core and the plug block cooperate to regulate the flow rate. Structures such as the sealing plate and the return spring stably maintain the movement precision of the valve core at high temperatures, achieving reliable and precise flow control, and meeting the stringent requirements for flow stability and accuracy in high-temperature environments in precision casting; 2. In the present invention, the counterweight block of the quick-disassembly disk is connected and fixed through the clamping block and the setscrew, which is convenient for replacing the counterweight as needed. The ball at its bottom cooperates with the semi-circular chute of the sliding rail, greatly reducing the friction force. When the centrifugal force acts, the ball rolls smoothly, enabling the counterweight block to respond sensitively and slide precisely in the radial direction, and accurately transmitting to the valve core through the connecting rod, reducing energy loss and error, making the flow control more precise, and ensuring that the flow rate of the molten metal in the casting process matches the process requirements efficiently with the change of the centrifugal force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the pouring casting machine of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the centrifugal regulating valve of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the pouring cavity of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the valve core of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the counterweight assembly of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the setscrew of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of the counterweight block of a high-precision integrated casting forming device based on 3D printing proposed by the present invention.

[0009] Legend Explanation: 1. Workbench; 2. Loading conveyor belt; 3. Unloading conveyor belt; 4. Robot arm; 5. 3D printer; 6. Automatic dip coater; 7. Shell baking furnace; 8. Pouring casting machine; 81. Fixed table; 82. Motor; 83. Driving disc; 84. Pouring cavity; 85. Centrifugal regulating valve; 851. Valve core; 852. Extension pile; 853. Sealing plate; 854. Sliding rod; 855. Return spring; 856. Flow guiding block; 857. Sealing ring; 858. Plugging block; 859. Valve pipe; 86. Counterweight assembly; 861. Fixed ring; 862. Slide rail; 863. Connecting rod; 864. Set screw; 865. Clamping block; 866. Counterweight block; 867. Clamping groove; 868. Ball; 869. Semi-circular chute; 87. Cylinder; 88. Positioning table; 89. Molding box; 9. Cooling device; 10. Multi-station rotating platform. Detailed implementation manners

[0010] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] Refer to Figures 1 to 8, an embodiment provided by the present invention: a high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing, including a workbench 1, which serves as the basic bearing platform for the entire device and integrates various functional components on its top. A feeding conveyor belt 2 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which is used to continuously convey the raw materials required for casting to ensure the continuity of the production process; a discharging conveyor belt 3 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which is responsible for receiving the cooled formed parts and transporting them away from the workbench 1 to complete the output of the finished products; a plurality of robotic arms 4 are arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which can accurately grasp and transfer materials such as models and mold shells to realize the automatic connection between processes such as 3D printing, dip coating, roasting, pouring, and cooling; a multi-station rotating platform 10 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which provides multiple stations through rotation to assist in the positioning and conversion of materials between different devices and improve the collaborative efficiency of each link; a pouring casting machine 8 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which, as the core component, realizes the accurate pouring and forming of molten metal. In addition, a 3D printer 5 is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, which converts the digital model into a physical model through layer-by-layer printing technology to provide an initial prototype for the subsequent casting process; an automatic dip coater 6 performs dip coating operations on the printed model to form a uniform coating of mold shell material on its surface to prepare for mold shell roasting; a mold shell roasting furnace 7 performs high-temperature treatment on the dip-coated mold shell to remove internal impurities and moisture and enhance the strength of the mold shell to withstand the high temperature of casting; a cooling device 9 controls the temperature and cools the formed parts after casting to ensure the stability of their organizational structure and avoid defects such as cracks.

[0012] The pouring casting machine 8 includes a fixed platform 81, which serves as the main support structure and integrates power, pouring, and positioning components inside. A motor 82 is fixedly connected to the inner top of the fixed platform 81, and its output end drives the transmission disk 83 to rotate to provide the power source for the entire pouring system; the bottom of the transmission disk 83 is fixedly connected to the pouring cavity 84 to transmit the rotational power of the motor 82 to the pouring cavity 84 to make it rotate synchronously; a spiral diversion groove with a spiral angle of 30° is opened on the inner wall of the pouring cavity 84, which guides the uniform flow of molten metal during rotation to avoid eddy currents and segregation. The centrifugal regulating valve 85 fixedly connected to its bottom is the core component for flow control. Through the sliding fit sealing structure of the valve core 851 in the valve tube 859, the accurate regulation of the outflow volume of molten metal is realized; the counterweight component 86 outside the centrifugal regulating valve 85 drives the valve core 851 to automatically adjust the valve opening through the radial movement of the counterweight block 866 under the action of centrifugal force to adapt to the flow requirements of different casting processes. A cylinder 87 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the fixed platform 81, and its output end is connected to the positioning platform 88. Through the telescopic movement, the positioning platform 88 is pushed up and down to realize the position adjustment of the forming box 89; the top of the positioning platform 88 is detachably connected to the forming box 89, which is used to place the roasted mold shell and receive the poured molten metal to provide a stable space carrier for the casting to take shape.

[0013] The centrifugal regulating valve 85 includes a valve pipe 859, whose top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity 84. The inner wall provides a vertical sliding track for the valve core 851 and at the same time serves as a channel for the molten metal to flow from the pouring cavity 84 to the molding box 89. A valve core 851 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the valve pipe 859. Multiple rectangular adjustment windows are provided on its outer side, which are shaped to fit the bottom plug 858 of the sealing ring 857 at the connection between the valve pipe 859 and the inner wall of the pouring cavity 84. The flow rate is controlled by the opening and closing degree of the window and the plug 858. The diversion block 856 provided at the bottom of the valve core 851 guides the smooth outflow of the molten metal to avoid splashing and turbulence. The centrifugal regulating valve 85 further includes an extension pile 852, which is fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve core 851. The sealing plates 853 on its upper and lower sides cooperate with the sliding rod 854 inside the valve pipe 859 to limit the movement direction of the valve core 851, ensuring that it slides linearly along the sliding rod 854 and enhancing the movement stability. When the centrifugal force disappears (such as when the motor 82 decelerates or stops), the return spring 855 sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 854 pushes the sealing plate 853 and the extension pile 852 to reset, driving the valve core 851 to move upward to close the valve and prevent the molten metal from leaking.

[0014] The sealing ring 857 is provided on the inner wall at the connection between the valve pipe 859 and the pouring cavity 84. Multiple plugs 858 fixedly connected to its bottom are precisely matched with the rectangular adjustment windows on the outer side of the valve core 851 to realize the sealing and opening of the flow channel, improving the sealing performance and the flow control accuracy. The diversion block 856 at the bottom of the valve core 851 guides the flowing molten metal to ensure its smooth injection into the molding box 89.

[0015] The counterweight assembly 86 includes a fixed ring 861, whose inner side is fixedly connected to the outer side of the valve pipe 859, and multiple sliding rails 862 extend out on the outer side to provide a support frame for the radial movement of the counterweight block 866. The sliding rails 862 fixedly connected to the outer side of the fixed ring 861 have semi-circular sliding grooves 869 opened on the inner wall of the bottom to provide a rolling track for the rolling balls 868 rotatably connected to the bottom of the counterweight block 866, reducing the frictional resistance and enabling the counterweight block 866 to respond more sensitively to the change of centrifugal force. The other end of the extension pile 852 is rotatably connected to two connecting rods 863 and is detachably connected to the counterweight block 866 through the top screw 864 and the clamping block 865, facilitating the replacement of the counterweight block 866 according to different casting requirements. The screw 864 is threadedly connected inside the connecting rod 863, and the position of the clamping block 865 can be adjusted to ensure the stable connection of the counterweight block 866. The clamping block 865 is shaped to fit the clamping grooves 867 on both sides of the counterweight block 866, transmitting the radial movement of the centrifugal force of the counterweight block 866 to the valve core 851 through the connecting rod 863 and converting it into a vertical displacement to realize the linear adjustment of the valve opening. The rolling balls 868 at the bottom of the counterweight block 866 roll in the sliding groove of the sliding rail 862, converting the sliding friction into rolling friction, greatly reducing the resistance and enabling it to move timely and accurately under the action of centrifugal force, improving the dynamic response accuracy of the flow control.

[0016] Working principle: When the entire high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing starts to work, the 3D printer 5 starts, and the required model begins to be printed. After the model printing is completed, the robotic arm 4 starts to move. It precisely grabs the model and transfers it from the 3D printer 5 to the automatic dipping machine 6. In the automatic dipping machine 6, the model undergoes a dipping operation to form a mold shell for casting.

[0017] After the dipping is completed, the robotic arm 4 comes into play again. It grabs and moves the model with the mold shell into the mold shell baking furnace 7. The mold shell baking furnace 7 is turned on, and the mold shell is baked to remove impurities and moisture inside the mold shell and enhance the strength of the mold shell.

[0018] Meanwhile, the pouring casting machine 8 is also running synchronously. The motor 82 at the top inside the fixed table 81 starts to operate, and the output end of the motor 82 drives the transmission disk 83 to start rotating. As the transmission disk 83 rotates, the pouring cavity 84 connected to it also starts to rotate synchronously. Since the inner wall of the pouring cavity 84 is provided with a spiral diversion groove with a spiral angle of 30°, during the rotation of the pouring cavity 84, the spiral diversion groove can make the molten metal in the pouring cavity 84 flow evenly.

[0019] Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pouring cavity 84, the centrifugal regulating valve 85 and the counterweight assembly 86 start to work together. Under the influence of the centrifugal force, the ball 868 rotatably connected to the bottom of the counterweight block 866 will roll in the semi-circular chute 869 on the inner wall of the bottom of the slide rail 862, which enables the counterweight block 866 to move outward according to the magnitude of the centrifugal force (controlled by the rotation speed of the motor 82), thereby driving the valve core 851 to move in the vertical direction through the connecting rod 863.

[0020] When the transmission disk 83 starts at a low speed, the counterweight block 866 is in the initial position due to insufficient centrifugal force (that is, the vertical downward force generated by the centrifugal force of the counterweight block 866 on the valve core 851 cannot overcome the resistance of the return spring 855), making the valve core 851 in the closed state. As the rotation speed increases and the centrifugal force increases, the counterweight block 866 swings outward along the radial slide rail 862, pulling the valve core 851 to move vertically downward through the connecting rod 863. As a result, the separation between the valve core 851 and the plugging block 858 makes the flow regulation window gradually become larger, and the molten metal flow rate linearly increases, realizing the dynamic control of the filling speed. When the rotation speed of the motor 82 reaches the set value, the centrifugal force is balanced with the inertial force of the counterweight block 866, the position of the valve core 851 is stable, and the flow regulation window maintains a fixed opening degree, realizing constant flow pouring and meeting the quantitative requirements of precision castings. When the transmission disk 83 decelerates to a stop and the centrifugal force disappears, the return spring 855 pushes the sealing plate 853 to reset, thereby driving the valve core 851 to reset and closing the valve to prevent molten metal from dripping.

[0021] When the valve core 851 moves, the extension pile 852 fixedly connected to the outside of the valve core 851 and the sealing plates 853 on the upper and lower sides of the extension pile 852 will move along the sliding rod 854 fixedly connected inside the valve tube 859. At the same time, the return spring 855 sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 854 will generate corresponding deformations according to the movement of the valve core 851. The sliding of the valve core 851 causes the cooperation between the rectangular adjustment window and the blocking block 858 to change, thereby precisely controlling the flow rate of the molten metal flowing out of the pouring cavity 84.

[0022] Before the molten metal is ready to be injected, the cylinder 87 at the inner bottom of the fixed table 81 starts to act. The output end of the cylinder 87 pushes the positioning table 88 to rise, and the molding box 89 on the top of the positioning table 88 rises to a suitable position accordingly. At this time, the robotic arm 4 grabs the shell after roasting treatment and places it into the molding box 89.

[0023] After everything is ready, the molten metal in the pouring cavity 84 is guided by the diversion block 856 provided at the bottom of the centrifugal regulating valve 85 and is precisely injected into the shell in the molding box 89 to complete the casting operation.

[0024] After casting is completed, the cylinder 87 drives the positioning table 88 to descend. The robotic arm 4 grabs the molding box 89 again and moves it to the cooling device 9 for cooling treatment. When the cooling is completed, the robotic arm 4 takes out the molded part from the molding box 89, and then places the molded part on the blanking conveyor belt 3. The blanking conveyor belt 3 transports the molded part away from the workbench 1. The feeding conveyor belt 2 on the top of the workbench 1 continuously transports the new materials required for casting, and the multi-station rotating platform 10 assists in the material conversion between each process during the whole process to ensure the efficient and orderly continuous progress of the entire casting and forming process.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated high-precision casting and forming device based on 3D printing, comprising a workbench (1), characterized in that: At the top of the workbench (1), there is a feeding conveyor belt (2), a discharging conveyor belt (3), multiple robotic arms (4), a multi-station rotating platform (10), and a pouring casting machine (8). The pouring casting machine (8) includes a fixed platform (81). At the inner top of the fixed platform (81), there is a motor (82) fixedly connected. The output end of the motor (82) is fixedly connected with a transmission disc (83). At the bottom of the transmission disc (83), there is a pouring cavity (84) fixedly connected. At the bottom of the pouring cavity (84), there is a centrifugal regulating valve (85). Outside the centrifugal regulating valve (85), there is a counterweight assembly (86). At the inner bottom of the fixed platform (81), there is a cylinder (87) fixedly connected. The output end of the cylinder (87) is fixedly connected with a positioning platform (88). At the top of the positioning platform (88), there is a forming box (89) detachably connected. The centrifugal regulating valve (85) includes a valve pipe (859). The top of the valve pipe (859) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pouring cavity (84). Inside the valve pipe (859), there is a valve core (851) slidably connected.

2. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the inner wall of the pouring cavity (84), there is a spiral diversion groove with a spiral angle of 30°.

3. A high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal regulating valve (85) further includes extension piles (852). A plurality of extension piles (852) are fixedly connected to the outside of the valve core (851). On the upper and lower sides of the extension piles (852), there are sealing plates (853) fixedly connected. Inside the valve pipe (859), there are a plurality of sliding rods (854) fixedly connected. The extension piles (852) and the inner walls of the sealing plates (853) are slidably connected to the outside of the sliding rods (854). A return spring (855) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rods (854), and the return spring (855) is arranged between the bottom end of the sliding rod (854) and the bottom end of the sealing plate (853).

4. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 3, wherein: At the inner wall of the connection between the valve pipe (859) and the pouring cavity (84), there is a sealing ring (857). At the bottom of the sealing ring (857), there are a plurality of blocking blocks (858) fixedly connected. On the outside of the valve core (851), there are a plurality of rectangular adjustment windows with shapes adapted to the blocking blocks (858). At the bottom of the valve core (851), there is a diversion block (856).

5. The high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The counterweight assembly (86) includes a fixed ring (861). The inner side of the fixed ring (861) is fixedly connected to the outside of the valve pipe (859). On the outside of the fixed ring (861), there are a plurality of slide rails (862) fixedly connected. The other end of the extension pile (852) is rotatably connected with two connecting rods (863). Inside the connecting rods (863), there are set screws (864) threadedly connected. The adjacent ends of the two set screws (864) are rotatably connected with a clamping block (865). The adjacent ends of the two clamping blocks (865) are detachably connected with a counterweight block (866).

6. The high-precision integrated casting and forming device based on 3D printing according to claim 5, wherein: On both sides of the counterweight block (866), there are a plurality of clamping grooves (867) with shapes adapted to the clamping blocks (865). At the bottom of the counterweight block (866), there are a plurality of balls (868) rotatably connected.

7. The high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the bottom of the slide rail (862) is provided with a plurality of semi-circular chutes (869), and the outer side of the ball (868) is rollingly connected to the top of the semi-circular chute (869).

8. A high-precision integrated casting and molding device based on 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 3D printer (5) is arranged on the top of the workbench (1), an automatic dip coater (6) is arranged on the top of the workbench (1), a shell baking furnace (7) is arranged on the top of the workbench (1), and a cooling device (9) is arranged on the top of the workbench (1).

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