Device and method for removing aerosol based on charged spraying coupling pool washing mechanism

Abstract

The invention provides a device and method for removing aerosol based on a charged spraying coupling pool washing mechanism, and belongs to the field of nuclear auxiliary systems. The problem that radioactive aerosol particles generated when a radioactive contamination structure in a reactor is cut underwater can be released into the external environment is solved. Wherein the underwater laser cutting assembly is used for cutting a to-be-cut piece; the auxiliary gas chamber is communicated with the laser cutting nozzle; the aerosol charging assembly can enable aerosol particles generated by underwater laser cutting to carry negative charges; the baffle can gather the aerosol particles and guide the aerosol particles to the aerosol charging assembly; the liquid drop charged spraying assembly can spray liquid drops carrying positive charges, the liquid drops carrying positive charges and aerosol particles carrying negative charges can attract each other and fall to the liquid level, and the Venturi washing assembly can extract gas above the liquid level and spray the gas below the liquid level. The device can efficiently remove radioactive aerosol particles generated by cutting and disassembling radioactive contaminated components in a nuclear power plant, and radioactive contamination to the environment is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear auxiliary systems, and particularly relates to a device and method for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism. Background Technique

[0002] During the long-term operation of a nuclear reactor and after a severe accident occurs, the highly radioactive environment inside the reactor will cause serious radioactive contamination to the equipment, pipelines, etc. inside the containment. During the maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear power plants, these radioactively contaminated structures need to be cut and prepared. Laser cutting is one of the relatively mature technologies for cutting highly radioactive contaminated structures at present, with the advantages of high precision, large cutting thickness, small cutting equipment volume, and automation.

[0003] However, during the laser cutting process, micro-nano scale aerosol particles will inevitably be generated. These aerosol particles migrate and diffuse inside the reactor pressure vessel and may escape to the external environment through tiny gaps such as pipeline gaps and cracks, posing potential hazards such as internal irradiation to the health of nuclear power plant workers and surrounding residents. In order to minimize potential health and environmental risks, it is necessary to effectively control and remove the aerosol particles generated during the laser cutting process.

[0004] Currently, there are no nuclear power plant decommissioning cases in China. Existing nuclear facility decommissioning technologies mostly use mechanical cutting methods. This method requires the development of a complex mechanical cutting system and has problems such as introducing secondary pollutants such as coolant and generating a large amount of radioactive aerosols during the cutting process. In existing patents, the patent with the publication number CN112792404A provides a cutting device for the nuclear power plant reactor core shroud, which can achieve the efficient, economical, and complete removal of the surrounding radiation plate assembly. However, this invention clearly points out that existing cutting technologies will generate aerosols of radioactive substances when cutting in the air and do not propose an effective solution. The patent with the publication number CN115762821A provides a passive spray system for removing aerosols in nuclear power plants, which can be used to remove suspended aerosols inside the containment. However, this invention can only be activated when the pressure exceeds the limit value during the accident state of the reactor, and the passive removal efficiency is lower than that of the active one. The removal effect is also limited only by the action of droplet spraying. The patent with the publication number CN116275483A provides an underwater laser cutting device for radioactive metal waste, which uses a water pool and a gas hood to isolate the cutting site from the external environment to prevent the diffusion of aerosol particles generated by laser cutting. However, this device needs to inject gas into the gas hood and maintain the air pressure to ensure that the water level inside the gas hood is lower than the water level outside the gas hood, so that the laser cutting device is exposed above the water surface. The device operation is complex. Injecting gas will also generate a large number of bubbles in the water pool, and there is a risk that radioactive aerosol particles will rise with the bubbles and be released into the external environment.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for underwater laser cutting that can efficiently remove aerosol particles and is widely applicable to achieve the cutting and disassembly of radioactive contaminated structures in the reactor. At the same time, it can efficiently remove radioactive aerosol particles generated during the cutting process, prevent radioactive substances from leaking into the environment, and provide safety guarantees for the surrounding environment and nuclear power plant operators. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that radioactive aerosol particles generated during the underwater cutting of radioactive contaminated structures in the reactor will rise with the bubbles and be released into the external environment, posing potential health and environmental risks, the present invention proposes a device and method for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A device for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, comprising:

[0009] A box body, the lower half of the box body is a water pool, and a liquid is contained in the water pool;

[0010] An underwater laser cutting assembly, which is arranged below the liquid level and is used for cutting a workpiece to be cut; the underwater laser cutting assembly includes a laser cutting head, and a laser emitting head, a first convex lens, a second convex lens, a concave lens, a plane mirror and a laser cutting nozzle are sequentially arranged at intervals along the laser optical path direction inside the laser cutting head. The laser emitting head is connected to an external laser source through a laser wire; the cavity between the plane mirror and the laser cutting nozzle is an auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas chamber is communicated with the laser cutting nozzle;

[0011] An auxiliary gas supply assembly, which can supply the gas in the space above the liquid level to the auxiliary gas chamber;

[0012] An aerosol charging assembly, which is arranged above the liquid level and can make the aerosol particles generated by underwater laser cutting carry negative charges;

[0013] A baffle, which is located below the liquid level and can gather and guide aerosol particles to the aerosol charging assembly;

[0014] A droplet charging spray assembly, which can spray droplets carrying positive charges, and the droplets carrying positive charges can attract the aerosol particles carrying negative charges and fall to the liquid level;

[0015] A Venturi water washing assembly, which can extract the gas above the liquid level and spray it below the liquid level.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the aerosol charging component includes a first high-voltage power supply and an aerosol charging wire pipe device. A corona wire is provided inside the aerosol charging wire pipe device, and the corona wire is connected to the first high-voltage power supply through a high-voltage wire.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the droplet charging spray component includes a second high-voltage power supply, an induction copper ring, a metal nozzle, a water pump, and a spray regulating valve. The induction copper ring is connected to the second high-voltage power supply through a high-voltage wire. An outlet is provided at the lower end of the box body, and the outlet is communicated with a water pool. The water inlet end of the water pump is communicated with the outlet, and the water outlet end is communicated with the metal nozzle through the spray regulating valve. The metal nozzle is fixedly arranged at the top inside the box body, and the induction copper ring is sleeved on the metal nozzle.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism further includes a first particle filter, and the first particle filter is arranged between the water pump and the outlet.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism further includes a main valve, and the main valve is arranged between the first particle filter and the water pump.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the Venturi water washing component includes a Venturi water washer, an air suction pipe, a liquid pipe, and a water washing regulating valve. One end of the liquid pipe is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump through the water washing regulating valve, and the other end is communicated with the liquid phase inlet of the Venturi water washer. One end of the air suction pipe is communicated with the space above the liquid level, and the other end is communicated with the throat of the Venturi water washer. The jet orifice of the Venturi water washer is communicated with the space below the liquid level.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, the auxiliary gas supply component includes an air pump and an air inlet regulating valve. An air outlet is provided on the box body, and the air outlet is communicated with the space above the liquid level. The air inlet end of the air pump is communicated with the air outlet, and the air outlet end is communicated with the auxiliary gas chamber through the air inlet regulating valve.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, a second particle filter is arranged between the air outlet and the air pump.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism described above, an air inlet on-off valve is arranged between the second particle filter and the air pump.

[0024] The present invention also provides a method for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, using the above-described device for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, including:

[0025] The auxiliary gas supply component transports the gas above the liquid surface to the auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas is accommodated in the auxiliary gas chamber;

[0026] The underwater laser cutting component simultaneously emits laser and sprays auxiliary gas. The laser cuts the workpiece to be cut, generating aerosol particles, and the auxiliary gas forms a dry zone around the laser;

[0027] The baffle gathers the aerosol particles and guides them to the aerosol charging component;

[0028] The aerosol charging component causes the aerosol particles to carry negative charges, and then the aerosol particles carrying negative charges continue to rise;

[0029] The droplet charging spray component sprays droplets carrying positive charges. The droplets carrying positive charges attract and collide with the aerosol particles carrying negative charges, and then both fall to the liquid surface;

[0030] The Venturi water washing component extracts the gas above the liquid surface and sprays it below the liquid surface to clean the gas in the space above the liquid surface, and secondarily removes the aerosol particles that are not completely removed by the droplet charging spray component.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the device and method for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism provided by the present invention are:

[0032] The present invention provides a device and a method for removing aerosol based on a charged spraying coupled with a pool washing mechanism. In the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with the pool washing mechanism, a laser emitting head, a first convex lens, a second convex lens, a concave lens, a plane mirror, and a laser cutting nozzle are sequentially arranged inside the laser cutting head of the laser cutting assembly along the laser light path direction. The laser emitting head generates a high-intensity laser beam, which is first focused by the first convex lens and the second convex lens to enhance its energy density, and then the divergence degree of the laser beam is adjusted by the concave lens to meet the cutting requirements. Specifically, the laser beam first passes through the first convex lens, which converges the divergent laser light source into a parallel laser with a relatively large spot, and then passes through the second convex lens to converge the parallel laser with a relatively large spot into a light source with a relatively small spot. Subsequently, after being refracted by the concave lens, the light source forms a parallel light source with a relatively small spot and a relatively high energy density. Finally, it passes through the plane mirror, which is responsible for guiding the laser beam to accurately hit the target along a predetermined path. The cavity between the plane mirror and the laser cutting nozzle is an auxiliary gas chamber. After the auxiliary gas supply assembly transports the gas above the water pool to the auxiliary gas chamber, the auxiliary gas in the auxiliary gas chamber is ejected together with the laser. The auxiliary gas forms a long-distance dry area around the laser, isolating the external environment and providing a stable gas environment for the cutting operation, thereby improving the cutting accuracy and quality. When the laser cuts the workpiece to be cut, the laser acts on the material surface to generate gas and tiny particles, and the two are mixed to form aerosol particles. The aerosol particles are mixed with the auxiliary gas and enter the water to form a large number of rising bubbles. A baffle is arranged above the laser cutting area to collect and gather the aerosol particles generated during the laser cutting operation and prevent them from escaping. The outlet formed by the baffle and the inner wall of the box, that is, the baffle and the site wall, is located below the air inlet of the aerosol charging assembly. The aerosol charging device uses the principle of a high-voltage electrostatic field to charge the aerosol particles escaping from the cutting area to the water surface, and the aerosol charging assembly makes the aerosol particles carry negative charges. The droplet charging spraying assembly is located at the top and sprays droplets with positive charges. The droplets with positive charges have a strong adsorption ability to the aerosol particles escaping into the air. By using the Coulomb force generated between the droplets with positive charges and the aerosol particles with negative charges, the collision probability between the droplets and the particles is increased, and the removal efficiency of the aerosol particles is improved. Utilizing the structural characteristics of the Venturi tube, the Venturi water washing assembly pumps water from the lower water pool for water supply. The velocity of the liquid gradually increases in the Venturi water washing assembly, the pressure of the liquid gradually becomes kinetic energy, the flow velocity reaches the maximum value, and the pressure reaches the minimum value. And by using the pressure difference at the throat, the gas above the liquid surface is inhaled and mixed with the liquid and sprayed into a mist shape.The Venturi water washing component can cause the gas with aerosol particles, which is gathered below the air inlet of the aerosol charging component due to the suction generated by extracting the gas above the liquid surface, to move towards the air inlet of the aerosol charging component until it enters the aerosol charging component. At the same time, it can also make the gas above the liquid surface flow at a high speed. The droplets carrying positive charges collide more easily with aerosol particles in the high-speed airflow. The droplets that capture aerosol particles and the free aerosol particles flow with the airflow, are sprayed into the liquid surface below through the Venturi water washing component, and are further collected. Eventually, the aerosol particles are removed from the space above the liquid surface. And the gas and liquid are sprayed into the liquid surface below through the Venturi water washing component, forming a flowing cycle in the water tank, so that the bubbles carrying the aerosol particles generated by laser cutting rise with the liquid flow.

[0033] The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with pool washing mechanism simplifies the cutting process by using laser cutting. At the same time, it cleverly utilizes the Venturi water washing component, the aerosol charging component and the droplet charging spraying component to efficiently remove the aerosol particles generated by cutting and avoid introducing secondary pollutants. On the one hand, the sprayed droplets carrying positive charges generate Coulomb force with the aerosol particles carrying negative charges, increasing the collision probability between the aerosol particles in the air and the droplets. After the collision, they fall back to the liquid surface. On the other hand, the Venturi water washing component can effectively remove the residual aerosol particles in the space above the liquid surface. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with pool washing mechanism can efficiently cut and disassemble the components contaminated by radioactivity in the nuclear power plant building, and at the same time efficiently remove the radioactive aerosol particles generated by cutting, prevent radioactive pollution to the environment, and ensure the safety of the public and operators. And the structure of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with pool washing mechanism is simple, the operation is convenient, and the applicable conditions are wide. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with pool washing mechanism provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Underwater laser cutting component;

[0038] 21. Air pump; 22. Intake air regulating valve; 23. Second particle filter; 24. Intake air on-off valve;

[0039] 3. Workpiece to be cut;

[0040] 4. Baffle;

[0041] 51. First high-voltage power supply; 52. Aerosol charging wire pipe device;

[0042] 61. Metal nozzle; 62. Inductive copper ring; 63. Second high-voltage power supply; 64. Water pump; 65. Spray regulating valve; 66. Main valve; 67. First particle filter;

[0043] 71. Venturi water scrubber; 72. Suction pipeline; 73. Water scrubbing regulating valve; 74. Liquid pipeline;

[0044] 8. Liquid level;

[0045] 9. Box body. Specific embodiments

[0046] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0047] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "connected", "connected to", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal connection of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0048] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the situation where the first and second features are not in direct contact but in contact through other features between them. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above", and "on" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below", and "under" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationship terms such as "upper", "lower", "right", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0050] See Figure 1 To illustrate this embodiment, the present invention provides a device and a method for removing aerosol based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism includes a box body 9, an underwater laser cutting assembly 1, an auxiliary gas supply assembly, an aerosol charging assembly, a baffle 4, a droplet charging spray assembly, and a Venturi water washing assembly. The lower half of the box body 9 is a water pool, and the water pool contains liquid; the underwater laser cutting assembly 1 is arranged below the liquid surface 8 and is used for cutting a workpiece to be cut 3; the underwater laser cutting assembly 1 includes a laser cutting head, and inside the laser cutting head, a laser emitting head, a first convex lens, a second convex lens, a concave lens, a plane mirror, and a laser cutting nozzle are sequentially arranged at intervals along the laser optical path direction. The laser emitting head is connected to an external laser source through a laser wire; the cavity between the plane mirror and the laser cutting nozzle is an auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas chamber is communicated with the laser cutting nozzle; the auxiliary gas supply assembly can supply the gas in the space above the liquid surface 8 to the auxiliary gas chamber; the aerosol charging assembly is arranged above the liquid surface 8 and can make the aerosol particles generated by underwater laser cutting carry negative charges; the baffle 4 is located below the liquid surface 8 and can gather and guide the aerosol particles to the aerosol charging assembly; the droplet charging spray assembly can spray droplets carrying positive charges, and the droplets carrying positive charges can attract the aerosol particles carrying negative charges and fall onto the liquid surface 8, and the Venturi water washing assembly can extract the gas above the liquid surface 8 and spray it below the liquid surface 8.

[0051] It can be understood that the box body 9 is the site where laser cutting is carried out.

[0052] In the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, a laser emitting head, a first convex lens, a second convex lens, a concave lens, a plane mirror and a laser cutting nozzle are sequentially arranged inside the laser cutting head of the laser cutting assembly along the direction of the laser optical path. The laser emitting head generates a high-intensity laser beam, which is first focused by the first convex lens and the second convex lens to enhance its energy density, and then the divergence degree of the laser beam is adjusted by the concave lens to meet the cutting requirements. Specifically, the laser beam first passes through the first convex lens, which converges the divergent laser light source into a parallel laser with a larger spot, and then passes through the second convex lens to converge the parallel laser with a larger spot into a light source with a smaller spot. Subsequently, after the refraction of the concave lens, a parallel light source with a smaller spot and a higher energy density is formed. Finally, it passes through the plane mirror, which is responsible for guiding the laser beam to accurately hit the target along a predetermined path. The cavity between the plane mirror and the laser cutting nozzle is an auxiliary gas chamber. After the auxiliary gas supply assembly transports the gas above the water pool to the auxiliary gas chamber, the auxiliary gas in the auxiliary gas chamber is sprayed together with the laser. The auxiliary gas forms a long drying area around the laser, isolating the external environment and providing a stable gas environment for the cutting operation, thereby improving the cutting accuracy and quality. When laser cutting the workpiece to be cut 3, the laser acting on the material surface will generate gas and fine particles, and the two are mixed to form aerosol particles. The aerosol particles are mixed with the auxiliary gas and enter the water to form a large number of rising bubbles. A baffle 4 is arranged above the laser cutting area to collect and gather the aerosol particles generated during the laser cutting operation to prevent them from escaping. The outlet formed by the baffle 4 and the inner wall of the box body 9, that is, the baffle 4 and the site wall, is located below the air inlet of the aerosol charging assembly. The aerosol charging device uses the principle of high-voltage electrostatic field to charge the aerosol particles escaping from the cutting area to the water surface, and the aerosol charging assembly makes the aerosol particles carry negative charges. The droplet charging spray assembly is located at the top and sprays droplets with positive charges. The droplets with positive charges have a strong adsorption ability to the aerosol particles escaping into the air. By using the Coulomb force generated between the droplets with positive charges and the aerosol particles with negative charges, the collision probability between the droplets and the particles is increased, and the removal efficiency of the aerosol particles is improved. Utilizing the structural characteristics of the Venturi tube, the Venturi water washing assembly pumps water from the lower water pool for water supply. The velocity of the liquid gradually increases in the Venturi water washing assembly, the pressure of the liquid gradually becomes kinetic energy, the flow velocity reaches the maximum value, and the pressure reaches the minimum value. And by using the pressure difference at the throat, the gas above the liquid surface 8 is inhaled and mixed with the liquid and sprayed into a mist shape.The Venturi water washing component can cause the gas with aerosol particles gathered below the air inlet of the aerosol charging component to move towards the air inlet of the aerosol charging component and enter the aerosol charging component due to the suction generated by extracting the gas above the liquid level 8. It can also make the gas above the liquid level 8 flow at a high speed. The droplets carrying positive charges are more likely to collide with aerosol particles in the high-speed airflow. The droplets that capture aerosol particles and the free aerosol particles flow with the airflow and are sprayed into the space below the liquid level 8 through the Venturi water washing component, and are further collected, ultimately removing the aerosol particles from the space above the liquid level 8. Moreover, the gas and liquid are sprayed into the space below the liquid level 8 through the Venturi water washing component, forming a flowing cycle in the water tank, causing the bubbles carrying the aerosol particles generated by laser cutting to rise with the liquid flow.

[0053] The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled pool washing mechanism simplifies the cutting process by using laser cutting. At the same time, it cleverly utilizes the Venturi water washing component, the aerosol charging component, and the droplet charging spraying component to efficiently remove the aerosol particles generated by cutting and avoid introducing secondary pollutants. On the one hand, the sprayed droplets carrying positive charges and the aerosol particles carrying negative charges generate Coulomb force, increasing the collision probability between the aerosol particles in the air and the droplets. After the collision, they fall back to the liquid level 8. On the other hand, the Venturi water washing component can effectively remove the residual aerosol particles in the space above the liquid level 8. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled pool washing mechanism can efficiently cut and disassemble the components contaminated by radioactivity in the nuclear power plant building, and at the same time efficiently remove the radioactive aerosol particles generated by cutting, preventing radioactive pollution to the environment and ensuring the safety of the public and operators. And the structure of the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled pool washing mechanism is simple, easy to operate, and has a wide range of applicable conditions.

[0054] It can be understood that, as Figure 1 shown, the baffle 4 is fixedly installed in the water obliquely. The baffle 4 is immersed in the water to cover the entire laser cutting area. From bottom to top, the distance between the inner wall of the baffle 4 close to the cutting area and the inner wall of the box body 9 gradually shortens. The outlet formed between the uppermost end of the baffle 4 and the inner wall of the box body 9 is located below the air inlet of the aerosol charging component.

[0055] Specifically, the aerosol charging component includes a first high-voltage power supply 51 and an aerosol charging wire pipe device 52. The aerosol charging wire pipe device 52 is provided with a corona wire, and the corona wire is connected to the first high-voltage power supply 51 through a high-voltage wire. Using the corona charging principle, the aerosol particles passing through the aerosol charging wire pipe device 52 will carry negative charges.

[0056] Specifically, the droplet charging spray assembly includes a second high-voltage power supply 63, an induction copper ring 62, a metal nozzle 61, a water pump 64, and a spray regulating valve 65. The induction copper ring 62 is connected to the second high-voltage power supply 63 through a high-voltage wire. The lower end of the box body 9 is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is communicated with a water pool. The water inlet end of the water pump 64 is communicated with the water outlet, and the water outlet end is communicated with the metal nozzle 61 through the spray regulating valve 65. The metal nozzle 61 is fixedly arranged at the top end inside the box body 9, and the induction copper ring 62 is sleeved on the metal nozzle 61.

[0057] The droplet charging spray assembly pumps the water in the lower water pool through the water pump 64 and then pumps it into the metal nozzle 61. The metal nozzle 61 sprays out a polydisperse droplet group. The aerosol particles suspended in the space above the droplet capture liquid surface 8 fall into the lower water pool after being captured by the droplets, so as to realize circulating water supply. The spray flow rate is adjusted by the spray regulating valve 65. The water pump 64 provides power. The metal nozzle 61 is fixed above the box body 9 using an insulating nylon bracket and is grounded using an insulating wire. The induction copper ring 62 is installed at a position 5 cm directly below the metal nozzle 61 using an insulating tripod and is connected to the negative electrode of the first high-voltage power supply 51 through a high-voltage wire, so as to form a non-uniform strong electric field between it and the metal nozzle 61. It can be known from the induction principle that: a very thick dipole layer will be formed at the outlet of the metal nozzle 61; when the liquid sprays out from the metal nozzle 61 electrode, the negatively charged carriers in the droplets are attracted at the metal nozzle 61 electrode and return to the grounding electrode through the water supply pipeline; the positively charged carriers are repelled by the metal nozzle 61 electrode and attracted by the negative high-voltage electrode and move to the liquid surface, so that the concentration of positive carriers on the liquid surface increases significantly, and the negative carriers are very scarce, and the droplets will carry a large amount of positive charges, thus realizing the induction charging of the droplets.

[0058] It can be understood that both the first high-voltage power supply 51 and the second high-voltage power supply 63 are located outside the box body 9.

[0059] Optionally, the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupled pool washing mechanism further includes a first particle filter 67, and the first particle filter 67 is arranged between the water pump 64 and the water outlet. The first particle filter 67 can filter the liquid entering the water pump 64.

[0060] Optionally, the device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupled pool washing mechanism further includes a main valve 66, and the main valve 66 is arranged between the first particle filter 67 and the water pump 64. The main valve 66 is used to control the on-off of the pipeline between the water pump 64 and the first particle filter 67.

[0061] Optionally, the Venturi water washing assembly includes a Venturi water washer 71, an air suction pipe 72, a liquid pipe 74, and a water washing regulating valve 73. One end of the liquid pipe 74 is connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 64 through the water washing regulating valve 73, and the other end is connected to the liquid phase inlet of the Venturi water washer 71. One end of the air suction pipe 72 is connected to the space above the liquid level 8, and the other end is connected to the throat of the Venturi water washer 71. The air jet port of the Venturi water washer 71 is connected to the space below the liquid level 8.

[0062] Optionally, the contraction angle of the liquid phase inlet and the expansion angle of the outlet in the Venturi water washer 71 are both 30°. The inner diameter of the inlet section and the inner diameter of the outlet section are both 50 mm, the inner diameter of the throat is 30 mm, and the length of the throat is 10 mm.

[0063] Optionally, the centers of the inlet and outlet of the aerosol charging pipe device 52 are directly opposite to the air inlet of the air suction pipe 72 of the Venturi water washing assembly.

[0064] Optionally, the corona wire adopts an RS thorn wire, the tube electrode adopts a stainless steel tube, the diameter of the tube electrode is 25 mm, the tube spacing is 120 mm, and the heteropolar distance is 80 mm.

[0065] The Venturi water washing assembly supplies water by pumping water from the lower water tank, and adjusts the water washing flow through the water washing regulating valve 73. The fluid first enters the contraction pipe, and the speed gradually increases. The pressure of the fluid gradually becomes kinetic energy. When entering the throat, the flow velocity reaches the maximum value and the pressure reaches the minimum value. Utilizing the pressure difference between the air inlet of the air suction pipe 72 and the throat, the gas above the liquid level 8 is sucked into the throat and mixed with the liquid and sprayed into a mist. The droplets collide with the aerosol particles in the high-speed airflow in the space above the liquid level 8. The droplets that capture the aerosol particles flow with the airflow and enter the diffuser of the Venturi water washer 71. After entering the diffuser, the flow velocity decreases and the static pressure rises. The droplets and aerosol particles settle or are further collected here, and finally the aerosol particles are removed from the space above the liquid level 8. The water flow then sprays out from the Venturi water washer 71 and forms a flowing cycle in the water tank, causing the bubbles carrying the aerosol particles generated by laser cutting to rise.

[0066] Specifically, the auxiliary gas supply assembly includes an air pump 21 and an intake regulating valve 22. The box body 9 is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is connected to the space above the liquid level 8. The intake end of the air pump 21 is connected to the air outlet, and the outlet end is connected to the auxiliary gas chamber through the intake regulating valve 22. The diameter of the intake hole of the intake pipe connected to the auxiliary gas chamber is 3 mm, and the laser cutting nozzle is connected to the auxiliary gas chamber. The inner diameter of the laser cutting nozzle is 4.28 mm.

[0067] Optionally, a second particle filter 23 is provided between the air outlet and the air pump 21. The second particle filter 23 is used to filter the gas entering the air pump 21.

[0068] Optionally, an intake on-off valve 24 is provided between the second particulate filter 23 and the air pump 21. The intake on-off valve 24 is used to control the on-off of the pipeline between the second particulate filter 23 and the air pump 21.

[0069] The present invention also provides a method for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, using the above-described device for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, including:

[0070] The auxiliary gas supply assembly transports the gas above the liquid surface 8 to the auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas chamber contains the auxiliary gas;

[0071] The underwater laser cutting assembly 1 simultaneously emits laser and sprays auxiliary gas. The laser cuts the workpiece to be cut 3 to generate aerosol particles, and the auxiliary gas forms a dry area around the laser;

[0072] The baffle 4 gathers the aerosol particles and guides them to the aerosol charging assembly;

[0073] The aerosol charging assembly makes the aerosol particles carry negative charges, and then the aerosol particles carrying negative charges continue to rise;

[0074] The droplet charging spray assembly sprays droplets carrying positive charges. The droplets carrying positive charges attract and collide with the aerosol particles carrying negative charges, and then both fall onto the liquid surface 8;

[0075] The Venturi water washing assembly extracts the gas above the liquid surface 8 and sprays it below the liquid surface 8 to clean the gas in the space above the liquid surface 8 and perform secondary removal of the aerosol particles not completely removed by the droplet charging spray assembly.

[0076] Obviously, the embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments here.

Claims

1. An apparatus for removing aerosols based on a charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism, characterized in that Comprising: A box body (9), the lower half of the box body (9) being a water tank, and a liquid being contained in the water tank; An underwater laser cutting assembly (1), the underwater laser cutting assembly (1) being arranged below the liquid surface (8) for cutting a workpiece to be cut (3); the underwater laser cutting assembly (1) includes a laser cutting head, and along the laser light path direction inside the laser cutting head, a laser emitting head, a first convex lens, a second convex lens, a concave lens, a plane mirror and a laser cutting nozzle are sequentially arranged at intervals; the laser emitting head is connected to an external laser source through a laser wire; the cavity between the plane mirror and the laser cutting nozzle is an auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas chamber is communicated with the laser cutting nozzle; An auxiliary gas supply assembly capable of supplying the gas in the space above the liquid surface (8) to the auxiliary gas chamber; An aerosol charging assembly, the aerosol charging assembly being arranged above the liquid surface (8) and capable of making the aerosol particles generated by underwater laser cutting carry negative charges; A baffle (4), the baffle (4) being located below the liquid surface (8) and capable of aggregating and guiding the aerosol particles to the aerosol charging assembly; A droplet charging spraying assembly capable of spraying droplets carrying positive charges, and the droplets carrying positive charges can attract the aerosol particles carrying negative charges and fall onto the liquid surface (8); A Venturi water washing assembly capable of extracting the gas above the liquid surface (8) and spraying it below the liquid surface (8).

2. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The aerosol charging assembly includes a first high-voltage power supply (51) and an aerosol charging wire pipe device (52), and a corona wire is arranged inside the aerosol charging wire pipe device (52), and the corona wire is connected to the first high-voltage power supply (51) through a high-voltage wire.

3. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The droplet charging spraying assembly includes a second high-voltage power supply (63), an induction copper ring (62), a metal nozzle (61), a water pump (64) and a spraying regulating valve (65), the induction copper ring (62) is connected to the second high-voltage power supply (63) through a high-voltage wire, a water outlet is arranged at the lower end of the box body (9), the water outlet is communicated with the water tank, the water inlet end of the water pump (64) is communicated with the water outlet, and the water outlet end is communicated with the metal nozzle (61) through the spraying regulating valve (65), the metal nozzle (61) is fixedly arranged at the top inside the box body (9), and the induction copper ring (62) is sleeved on the metal nozzle (61).

4. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: It further includes a first particle filter (67), and the first particle filter (67) is arranged between the water pump (64) and the water outlet.

5. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes a main valve (66), and the main valve (66) is arranged between the first particle filter (67) and the water pump (64).

6. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spraying coupled with pool washing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: The Venturi water washing assembly includes a Venturi water washer (71), a suction pipe (72), a liquid pipe (74) and a water washing regulating valve (73), one end of the liquid pipe (74) is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump (64) through the water washing regulating valve (73), and the other end is communicated with the liquid phase inlet of the Venturi water washer (71), one end of the suction pipe (72) is communicated with the space above the liquid surface (8), and the other end is communicated with the throat of the Venturi water washer (71), and the gas jet port of the Venturi water washer (71) is communicated with the space below the liquid surface (8).

7. The apparatus for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary gas supply assembly includes an air pump (21) and an intake air regulating valve (22). The box body (9) is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is communicated with the space above the liquid level (8). The intake end of the air pump (21) is communicated with the air outlet, and the outlet end is communicated with the auxiliary gas chamber through the intake air regulating valve (22).

8. The apparatus for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 7, wherein: A second particle filter (23) is provided between the air outlet and the air pump (21).

9. The device for removing aerosol based on the charged spray coupling pool cleaning mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: An intake air on-off valve (24) is provided between the second particle filter (23) and the air pump (21).

10. A method for removing aerosol based on the mechanism of charged spraying coupled with pool washing, characterized in that: The device for removing aerosol by using the charged spray coupling pool washing mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising: The auxiliary gas supply assembly transports the gas above the liquid level (8) into the auxiliary gas chamber, and the auxiliary gas chamber contains the auxiliary gas; The underwater laser cutting assembly (1) simultaneously emits laser and sprays auxiliary gas. The laser cuts the workpiece to be cut (3) to generate aerosol particles, and the auxiliary gas forms a dry area around the laser; The baffle (4) gathers the aerosol particles and guides them to the aerosol charging assembly; The aerosol charging assembly makes the aerosol particles carry negative charges, and then the aerosol particles carrying negative charges continue to rise; The droplet charging spray assembly sprays droplets carrying positive charges. The droplets carrying positive charges attract and collide with the aerosol particles carrying negative charges, and then both fall to the liquid level (8); The Venturi water washing assembly extracts the gas above the liquid level (8) and sprays it below the liquid level (8) to clean the gas in the space above the liquid level (8) and perform secondary removal of the aerosol particles not completely removed by the droplet charging spray assembly.

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