Fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor energy management method, system and terminal

Abstract

The invention provides an energy management method, an energy management system and an energy management terminal for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor. And after completion, a generator and a power battery are controlled according to the tractor operation required power and the SOC value of the power battery which are monitored in real time in the whole operation process of the extended-range hybrid power electrically-driven tractor, and cyclic charging and discharging control operation is carried out, so that energy management of the whole operation process of the tractor is carried out. The invention provides an energy management strategy under an all-electric driving framework in which a driving system and a power system are completely decoupled and no mechanical connection is provided aiming at a framework combined by a range extender, a power battery and an all-electric driving system in combination with a vehicle range extending technology and an agricultural machinery application scene; energy management control of the whole process of starting, starting, acceleration, rated power operation and overload operation of the whole vehicle is achieved, and efficient utilization of energy and cyclic charging and discharging control of a power battery can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tractors, and in particular, to an energy management method, system and terminal for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor. Background Art

[0002] At present, with the increasing aging of the agricultural workforce and the continuous improvement of the demand of new farmers (the 80s and 90s generation) for reducing the labor intensity of agricultural production, more agricultural machinery enterprises are transforming towards the field of intelligent agricultural machinery development.

[0003] As the equipment with the highest usage frequency in agricultural machinery, the intelligence level of tractors directly reflects the overall level of agricultural machinery intelligence. Similar to automobiles, the basis of vehicle intelligence lies in chassis intelligence. However, domestic automobiles are restricted by traditional industrial technologies in terms of engines, gearboxes and chassis technologies. In recent years, although domestic automobiles have focused on the development towards new energy, forming technical routes such as pure electric and range-extended, there are still many problems.

[0004] During the busy farming season, tractors need to operate continuously. For large-horsepower tractors, the range-extended technical route with long endurance is more suitable. Compared with pure electric tractors, range-extended tractors are equipped with a range extender (composed of an engine and a generator) while reducing the battery power. In this case, in order to maximize efficiency (that is, improve the efficiency of engine combustion power generation), there is an urgent need for an energy management strategy that better suits the characteristics of agricultural machinery operations, so as to reasonably distribute the energy output between the range extender (engine + generator) and the power battery, thus meeting the green and efficient positioning of new energy agricultural machinery.

[0005] At the present stage, there are significant differences in the power battery power and working conditions between the range-extended technical route in the fields of passenger cars, heavy trucks and construction machinery and agricultural machinery. In passenger cars, heavy trucks and construction machinery, the power battery has a large power and high power, and its output power is sufficient to meet the driving needs of the whole vehicle, and the engine can intermittently start and stop to charge the battery. However, due to the impact of the self-weight of agricultural machinery on soil compaction, it is impossible to arrange too much power, resulting in the output power of the power battery being difficult to meet the driving needs of the whole vehicle, which makes the engine have to intervene in power generation frequently. At this time, the power battery not only has to undertake part of the power drive task, but also play the role of "peak shaving and valley filling". However, the existing technologies are difficult to balance these two functions well, seriously affecting the efficiency and stability of agricultural machinery operations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy management method, system and terminal for a fuel hybrid full-electric drive tractor, which is used to solve the technical problems that in the range extender technology route, due to the constraints of traditional industrial technologies, it is difficult to balance the power drive of the power battery and the "peak shaving and valley filling" function, affecting the high efficiency and stability of agricultural machinery operations.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related purposes, the present invention provides an energy management method for a fuel hybrid full-electric drive tractor, which is applied to a range extender hybrid electric drive tractor, including: a range extender, a power battery, and a drive system powered by the range extender and the power battery. The method includes: performing a power-on and engine preheating operation; after performing the power-on and engine preheating operation, controlling the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform a cyclic charge and discharge control operation according to the tractor operation demand power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire operation process of the range extender hybrid electric drive tractor, so as to perform energy management for the entire operation process of the tractor.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power-on and engine preheating operation includes: after starting the operation process, starting the low-voltage power-on and performing a vehicle self-check; in the case of normal self-check, starting the engine preheating, and starting the high-voltage power-on after preheating; after the high-voltage power-on, judging whether the current power battery SOC value is greater than the charging judgment threshold, and charging the power battery to the first preset SOC value when it is not greater than the charging judgment threshold; wherein the first preset SOC value is greater than the charging judgment threshold.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the controlling the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform a cyclic charge and discharge control operation according to the tractor operation demand power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire operation process of the range extender hybrid electric drive tractor includes: based on the energy control strategy, according to the tractor operation demand power input in real time during the entire operation process of the tractor and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time, cyclically adopting a variety of control modes to perform a cyclic charge and discharge control operation on the generator and the power battery.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the energy control strategy includes: comparing the currently input tractor operation demand power with the rated power of the power battery and the rated power of the generator respectively; wherein, the rated power of the power battery is less than the rated power of the generator; if the currently input tractor operation demand power is not greater than the rated power of the power battery, then in the first control mode, the first working condition control mechanism and the second working condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, and whether to switch to the second control mode is determined based on the currently input tractor operation demand power in this mode; if the currently input tractor operation demand power is greater than the rated power of the power battery and not greater than the rated power of the generator, then in the second control mode, the third working condition control mechanism and the fourth working condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, and whether to switch to the third control mode or the first control mode is determined based on the currently input tractor operation demand power in this mode; if the currently input tractor operation demand power is greater than the rated power of the generator, then in the third control mode, the fifth working condition control mechanism and the sixth working condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, and whether to switch to the second control mode is determined based on the currently input tractor operation demand power in this mode.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, cyclically adopting the first working condition control mechanism and the second working condition control mechanism according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery in the first control mode to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery includes: judging whether the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value; if it is greater, then the pure electric drive control is carried out by adopting the first working condition control mechanism; wherein, the first working condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator not to generate electricity, and controlling the power battery to discharge at the tractor operation demand power until the power battery discharges to the second preset SOC value; if it is not greater, then the drive control is carried out based on the second working condition control mechanism; wherein, the second working condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge at the first preset discharge power and charging the power battery at the same time until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value; wherein, the first preset discharge power is equal to the sum of the tractor operation demand power and the current power of the power battery.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, in the second control mode, the charge and discharge control operations of the generator and the power battery are cyclically performed by adopting the third operating condition control mechanism and the fourth operating condition control mechanism according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, including: comparing the current SOC value of the power battery with the second preset SOC value and the first preset SOC value respectively; if the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value and not greater than the first preset SOC value, the third operating condition control mechanism is adopted for peak shaving and valley filling drive control; wherein, the third operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge, and using the power battery for peak shaving and valley filling operations during this process until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value; the peak shaving and valley filling operations include: when the discharge power of the generator is greater than the operation demand power of the tractor, controlling the power battery not to discharge and using the excess electric energy to supply power to the power battery; when the discharge power of the generator is less than the operation demand power of the tractor, controlling the power battery to release the stored electric energy to make up for the deficiency; if the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the first preset SOC value and not greater than 1, the fourth operating condition control mechanism is adopted for drive control; wherein, the fourth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge, and controlling the power battery to discharge at the first preset discharge power until the power battery is discharged to the second preset SOC value; wherein, the first preset discharge power is less than the rated power of the power battery; the operation demand power of the tractor is equal to the sum of the discharge power of the generator and the first preset discharge power.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, in the third control mode, the charge and discharge control operations of the generator and the power battery are cyclically performed by adopting the fifth operating condition control mechanism and the sixth operating condition control mechanism according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, including: judging whether the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value; if it is greater, the fifth operating condition control mechanism is adopted for drive control; wherein, the fifth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the engine to discharge at the rated power of the generator, and to avoid excessive discharge of the power battery when the power is low, controlling the power battery to discharge based on the first discharge mechanism until the power battery is discharged to the third preset SOC value; if it is not greater, the sixth operating condition control mechanism is adopted for drive control; wherein, the sixth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the engine to discharge at the maximum discharge power of the generator; if the maximum discharge power of the generator can meet the operation demand power of the tractor, the excess electric energy is used to charge the power battery, and when the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value, the power battery is allowed to discharge; if the maximum discharge power of the generator still cannot meet the operation demand power of the tractor, torque limiting treatment is performed on the motor.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first discharge mechanism includes: when the current state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value, controlling the power battery to discharge at a discharge power not greater than the maximum power of the power battery; when the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value and not greater than the second preset SOC value, controlling the power battery to discharge at a discharge power not greater than the rated power of the power battery.

[0015] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides an energy management system for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor, which is applied to an extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor and includes: a range extender, a power battery, and a drive system powered by the range extender and the power battery. The system includes: a power-on control module for performing power-on and engine preheating operations; a tractor operation full-process energy management module connected to the power-on control module for, after performing the power-on and engine preheating operations, controlling the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations according to the tractor operation demand power and the SOC value of the power battery monitored in real time during the full process of the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor operation, so as to perform energy management for the full process of tractor operation.

[0016] To achieve the above object and other related objects, the present invention provides an electronic terminal, including: one or more memories and one or more processors; the one or more memories for storing computer programs; the one or more processors connected to the memories for running the computer programs to execute the above method.

[0017] As described above, the present invention is an energy management method, system and terminal for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor, and has the following beneficial effects: The present invention first performs power-on and engine preheating operations, and after completion, controls the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations according to the tractor operation demand power and the SOC value of the power battery monitored in real time during the full process of the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor operation, so as to perform energy management for the full process of tractor operation. The present invention combines vehicle-type extended-range technology with agricultural machinery application scenarios, and proposes an energy management strategy under a fully electric drive architecture where the drive system and the power system are completely decoupled and there is no mechanical connection for the combined architecture of the range extender, the power battery and the full-electric drive system, realizing energy management control for the full process of the vehicle from starting, starting, accelerating, to operating at rated power and overloading, and being able to achieve efficient energy utilization and cyclic charge and discharge control of the power battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It shows a schematic flowchart of the energy management method for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2It shows a schematic flow chart of the power-on and engine preheating operations in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It shows a schematic flow chart of the energy control strategy in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of the operating conditions of the first control mode in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 It shows a schematic diagram of the operating conditions of the second control mode in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 It shows a schematic diagram of the operating conditions of the third control mode in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It shows a schematic structural diagram of the energy management system of a fuel hybrid full-electric drive tractor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic terminal in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that in the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which describe several embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that other embodiments can also be used, and mechanical composition, structure, electrical, and operational changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following detailed description should not be considered restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is only defined by the claims of the published patent. The terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Spatially related terms, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "below", "beneath", "lower part", "above", "upper part", etc., can be used in the text to facilitate the description of the relationship between one element or feature shown in the drawings and another element or feature.

[0028] Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only the case of "direct connection", but also the case of "indirect connection" with other elements placed in between. In addition, when a certain part is said to "include" a certain constituent element, unless there is a particularly contrary record, it does not exclude other constituent elements, but means that other constituent elements may also be included.

[0029] The first, second, and third terms mentioned herein are used to describe various parts, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, but are not limited thereto. These terms are only used to distinguish a part, component, region, layer, or segment from other parts, components, regions, layers, or segments. Therefore, the first part, component, region, layer, or segment described below can refer to the second part, component, region, layer, or segment within the scope not exceeding the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising", "including" indicate the presence of the stated features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted inclusively, or mean any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B, or C" or "A, B, and / or C" means "any one of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B, and C". An exception to this definition occurs only when the combination of elements, functions, or operations is mutually exclusive in some way.

[0031] The present invention provides a fuel hybrid full - electric drive tractor energy management method. First, the power - on and engine pre - heating operations are performed. After completion, according to the tractor operation required power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real - time during the entire operation process of the range - extender hybrid electric drive tractor, the generator in the range - extender and the power battery are controlled for cyclic charge - discharge control operations to perform the energy management of the entire tractor operation process. The present invention combines vehicle - type range - extender technology with agricultural machinery application scenarios, and proposes an energy management strategy under a full - electric drive architecture where the drive system and the power system are completely decoupled and there is no mechanical connection, realizing the energy management control of the whole vehicle from starting, starting, accelerating, to operating at rated power and over - load operation, and being able to achieve efficient energy utilization and cyclic charge - discharge control of the power battery.

[0032] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0033] like Figure 1 A schematic flow chart showing an energy management method for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] It is applied to the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor, including: range extender, power battery and drive system. The range extender is equipped with an engine and a generator. When running, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity. The electric energy generated is divided into two paths: one is transmitted to the power battery to charge and store energy for the battery; the other is directly transmitted to the all-in-one controller. As an important energy storage unit, the power battery discharges when needed and merges with the electric energy output by the range extender to the all-in-one controller. The all-in-one controller precisely controls and decomposes the aggregated power into each power demand unit of the drive system, namely the drive motor, PTO motor and hydraulic motor, so as to meet the diverse operation needs of the tractor. The range extender + power battery + all-electric drive system architecture of the tractor realizes the complete decoupling of the drive system and the power system. Both the range extender and the power battery can supply power to the drive system independently or collaboratively, flexibly allocate energy according to different working conditions, and greatly improve energy utilization efficiency. This innovative all-electric drive hybrid architecture provides stable and efficient power guarantee for tractors in complex farmland operation scenarios.

[0035] The method comprises:

[0036] Step S1: Execute power-on and engine preheating operations.

[0037] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 , the power-on and engine preheating operation process includes:

[0038] The key door is powered on to start the operation process and start the low-voltage 24V power supply. This voltage is mainly used to power some basic control systems and sensors of the tractor, such as the equipment's electronic control unit (ECU), instrument panel, various sensors, etc.

[0039] After the low voltage 24V is powered on, the vehicle self-check program automatically starts to check various key systems including the electrical system, braking system, steering system, hydraulic system, etc. If any abnormality is detected, an alarm will be issued immediately to prompt the user to perform corresponding maintenance.

[0040] When the self-check result of the whole vehicle is normal, the engine start-up preheating process begins. After the engine starts, it runs at a relatively low speed, and the engine block temperature is gradually increased through the coolant circulation inside the engine. The preheating time usually varies according to the ambient temperature and the type of the engine, generally ranging from several minutes to more than ten minutes. During the engine preheating process, the GCU (Generator Control Unit) is not powered.

[0041] After the engine preheating is completed, the high-voltage power-on process starts. The high voltage mainly powers the drive system and some other high-power devices, such as the drive motor, the generator in the range extender, etc.

[0042] After the high-voltage power-on is completed, it is judged whether the SOC (State of Charge) value of the current power battery is greater than the charging judgment threshold Qs. The SOC value reflects the remaining power of the power battery at present, and its range is usually 0%-100%. The charging judgment threshold Qs is a key parameter set in advance, which is comprehensively determined according to various factors such as the characteristics of the power battery, the actual operation requirements of the tractor, and the energy consumption situation, and is between the second preset SOC value Q1 and the first preset SOC value Q2; preferably, the charging judgment threshold Qs is generally about 0.8, the first preset SOC value Q2 is generally set at about 0.9, and the second preset SOC value Q1 is generally set between 0.5 and 0.6.

[0043] When the system detects that the SOC value of the power battery is not greater than the charging judgment threshold Qs, the power battery is charged. Charge until the first preset SOC value Q2 is reached. This can ensure that the power battery has sufficient power reserve during the operation process to meet the power requirements under various working conditions.

[0044] Step S2: After the power-on and engine preheating operations are completed, according to the tractor operation demand power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the whole operation process of the range-extended hybrid electric drive tractor, control the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations to perform energy management for the whole operation process of the tractor.

[0045] In one embodiment, step S2 includes:

[0046] During the whole operation process of the range-extended hybrid electric drive tractor, the tractor operation demand power Preq will be input in real time through the accelerator pedal, button switch, etc., where Preq = P 驱动电机 +P PTO电机 +P 液压电机; During the entire operation process, this power value will change in real time, reflecting the power requirements of the tractor under different operating scenarios. For example, during plowing operations, since a large traction force is required to drive the agricultural implements into the soil and till the soil, the drive motor and the hydraulic motor may need to output a relatively large power to ensure the normal operation of the tractor and the agricultural implements. At this time, the value of Preq will be relatively large. When performing some relatively easy operations, such as road transportation or light-load field transfer, the required power is relatively small, and the power output of each motor will also be reduced accordingly, and the value of Preq will be relatively small. This real-time change reflects the precise power requirements of the tractor under different operating scenarios. At the same time, the SOC value of the power battery is monitored in real time. By monitoring the SOC value in real time, the power reserve of the power battery can be understood, so as to reasonably allocate energy according to actual needs and avoid problems such as excessive power consumption or untimely charging. Based on the energy control strategy, multiple control modes will be cyclically adopted according to the operating demand power Preq and the SOC value of the power battery, and cyclic charge and discharge control operations will be performed on the generator and the power battery.

[0047] In one embodiment, as Figure 3 , the energy control strategy includes:

[0048] Compare the currently input tractor operating demand power Preq with the rated power PB0 of the power battery and the rated power Prat of the generator respectively; among them, the rated power Prat of the generator is equal to the calibrated power of the tractor; the rated power PB0 of the power battery is less than the rated power Prat of the generator;

[0049] If the currently input tractor operating demand power Preq is not greater than the rated power PB0 of the power battery, enter the first control mode; in the first control mode, the first working condition control mechanism and the second working condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery; in the first control mode, it will also be determined based on the real-time input tractor operating demand power Preq whether to switch to the second control mode; if Preq gradually increases and exceeds the rated power PB0 of the power battery and is not greater than the rated power Prat of the generator, this means that the rated discharge power of the power battery alone can no longer meet the current operating requirements, and then it will switch to the second control mode.

[0050] If the currently input tractor operation demand power Preq is greater than the rated power PB0 of the power battery and not greater than the rated power Prat of the generator, this means that the engine has sufficient capacity to provide at least equal to the demand power, and the rated discharge power of the battery alone cannot meet the demand power. Then enter the second control mode. In the second control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, the third operating condition control mechanism and the fourth operating condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery; in the second control mode, based on the real-time input tractor operation demand power, it is judged whether to switch to the third control mode or the first control mode; if Preq continuously rises and exceeds the rated power Prat of the generator, it means that the rated power of the generator alone can no longer meet the current operation demand, and it will switch to the third control mode; if Preq drops to not greater than the rated power PB0 of the power battery, it means that the operation demand power has returned to the range that the power battery can meet alone, and it will switch back to the first control mode.

[0051] If the currently input tractor operation demand power Preq is greater than the rated power Prat of the generator, it means that the normal rated power output of the engine alone cannot meet the current demand power. Then enter the third control mode. In the third control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, the fifth operating condition control mechanism and the sixth operating condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery; in the third control mode, based on the real-time input tractor operation demand power, it is determined whether to switch to the second control mode. If Preq drops to not greater than the rated power Prat of the generator, it means that the operation demand power has returned to the range that the generator can meet alone or in cooperation with the power battery, and it will switch to the second control mode.

[0052] In one embodiment, in the first control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, cyclically adopting the first operating condition control mechanism and the second operating condition control mechanism to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery includes:

[0053] Judge whether the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value Q1;

[0054] If it is greater, then adopt the first operating condition control mechanism for pure electric drive control. In this operating condition, the power of the tractor is completely provided by the power battery, and the engine does not participate in the power generation work. The specific control operation is to control the generator not to generate electricity, which can avoid the fuel consumption and emissions caused by the operation of the engine. Among them, the first operating condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 4, control the generator not to generate electricity, and control the power battery to discharge at the power demand Preq of the tractor operation until the power battery discharges to the second preset SOC value Q1; this pure electric drive mode is applicable to the situation where the tractor has sufficient power, can achieve zero-emission operation, and has better energy utilization efficiency and lower operating costs in low-power demand scenarios.

[0055] If it is not greater than, drive control is performed based on the second operating condition control mechanism; wherein, the second operating condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 4 , control the generator to discharge at the first preset discharge power P2, and the engine keeps working. The engine not only needs to meet the power demand Preq of the tractor operation, maintain the normal operation of the tractor, and ensure that the tractor can complete the operation task, but also charges the power battery with a lower power until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value Q2; wherein, the first preset discharge power P2 is greater than the minimum power P1 of the engine efficient area and the engine idle power P0, less than the engine rated power Prat, and the first preset discharge power P2 is equal to the sum of the tractor operation demand power Pre and the current power battery power Pb. In this case, the engine generates electricity to, on the one hand, maintain the normal operation of the tractor, and on the other hand, charge the power battery with a lower power to ensure the subsequent operation ability of the tractor and avoid being unable to continue working due to the exhaustion of the battery power.

[0056] In the first control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, cycle and switch between the first operating condition mechanism and the second operating condition mechanism to realize the charge and discharge control of the generator and the power battery, so as to meet the operation requirements of the tractor in different power states and optimize the energy utilization efficiency at the same time.

[0057] In an embodiment, in the second control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, cycle and adopt the third operating condition control mechanism and the fourth operating condition control mechanism to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, including:

[0058] Compare the current SOC value of the power battery with the second preset SOC value Q1 and the first preset SOC value Q2 respectively;

[0059] If the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value Q1 and not greater than the first preset SOC value Q2, adopt the third operating condition control mechanism for peak shaving and valley filling drive control; wherein, the third operating condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 5, control the generator to discharge power Pe higher than P0 and P1, and perform peak shaving and valley filling operations using the power battery during this process until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value Q2; specifically, when the generator discharge power Pe is greater than the tractor operation demand power Preq, it means that there is surplus electric energy generated by the generator at this time. Control the power battery not to discharge, and use the redundant electric energy to supply power to the power battery; when the generator discharge power Pe is less than the tractor operation demand power Preq, it indicates that the electric energy generated by the generator is insufficient to meet the current operation demand. Control the power battery to release the stored electric energy to make up for the deficiency; through this peak shaving and valley filling operation, the engine can operate under relatively stable working conditions. Because the engine does not need to frequently adjust the output power according to the large changes in the operation demand power, the workload fluctuation of the engine is reduced, and the efficiency and service life of the engine are improved. At the same time, through this regulating effect of the power battery, the power generation power and the demand power can be better matched, energy waste is avoided, and the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system is improved. It should be noted that after the power battery charge exceeds the first preset SOC value Q2, drive control can be performed based on the fourth working condition control mechanism.

[0060] If the current power battery SOC value is greater than the first preset SOC value Q2 and not greater than 1, to avoid overcharging the battery and to cope with the fluctuation of the engine power generation power, the battery power needs to be consumed at this time. Then the fourth working condition control mechanism is adopted for drive control; among them, the fourth working condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 5 , control the generator to discharge, and control the power battery to discharge at the first preset discharge power PL0 until the power battery discharges to the second preset SOC value Q1; among them, the first preset discharge power PL0 is less than the rated power PB0 of the power battery; the tractor operation demand power Pre is equal to the sum of the generator discharge power Pe and the first preset discharge power PL0. Letting the battery discharge at a constant power can reserve a certain storage space for the engine power generation fluctuation and ensure the stability of the system. When the engine power generation power fluctuates, the battery can adjust the charge and discharge state according to the situation to maintain the stable supply of the demand power.

[0061] In the second control mode, according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery, it will cycle and switch between the third working condition mechanism and the fourth working condition mechanism to achieve reasonable charge and discharge control of the generator and the power battery, optimize the energy utilization efficiency, and ensure the stable operation of the tractor.

[0062] In an embodiment, in the third control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, the fifth working condition control mechanism and the sixth working condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, including:

[0063] Determine whether the current State of Charge (SOC) value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value Q0; where the third preset SOC value Q0 is less than the first preset SOC value Q2 and the second preset SOC value Q1; preferably, it generally ranges from 0.15 to 0.2.

[0064] If it is greater, adopt the fifth working condition control mechanism for drive control; where the fifth working condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 6 , control the engine to discharge at the rated power Prat of the generator, and to avoid over-discharging of the power battery when the battery power is low, control the power battery to discharge based on the first discharge mechanism until the power battery discharges to the third preset SOC value Q0; the first discharge mechanism will reasonably adjust the discharge power of the power battery according to factors such as the battery state and operation requirements to ensure that the discharge process of the power battery is within a safe range.

[0065] If it is not greater, adopt the sixth working condition control mechanism for drive control; where the sixth working condition control mechanism includes: such as Figure 6 , control the engine to discharge at the maximum discharge power Pmax of the generator; if the maximum discharge power Pmax of the generator can meet the operation demand power Preq of the tractor, charge the power battery with the excess power, and allow the power battery to discharge when it is charged to the first preset SOC value Q2; if the maximum discharge power Pmax of the generator still cannot meet the operation demand power Preq of the tractor, limit the torque of the motor to remind the driver that the current is in an overloaded operation state. When the power battery power is extremely low, prohibit its discharge and give priority to using the engine to generate electricity. At the same time, use the excess power of the engine to charge the power battery to increase the battery power. If the maximum discharge power Pmax of the generator still cannot meet the operation demand power Preq of the tractor, remind the driver through torque limitation to avoid damage to the equipment due to overloaded operation.

[0066] In the third control mode, the fifth working condition mechanism and the sixth working condition mechanism can be used for cyclic control. This means that as the SOC value of the power battery changes, it will continuously switch between these two working condition mechanisms. This cyclic control method can flexibly adjust the energy distribution according to the actual situation, improve the adaptability and stability of the system, and ensure the normal operation of the tractor under different working conditions.

[0067] In one embodiment, to avoid over-discharging of the power battery when the battery power is low (deep discharge may affect the battery life and performance), two control logics are designed for the first discharge mechanism according to different battery powers, including:

[0068] When the current state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value Q1, control the power battery to discharge at a power not greater than the maximum power PB1 of the power battery. This is because when the battery power is relatively sufficient, the discharge capacity of the battery can be fully utilized to assist the engine to meet the required power. At this time, the engine discharges at the rated power Prat, and the power battery discharges at a discharge power Pb- not greater than the maximum power PB1. The sum of the two discharge powers is equal to the required power Preq. When the power battery has surplus power, make full use of the discharge capacity of the power battery to jointly meet the higher required power with the engine, ensuring that the tractor can operate normally.

[0069] When the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value Q0 and not greater than the second preset SOC value Q1, when the battery power drops to this range, that is, when the power is at a relatively low level, in order to protect the battery, control the power battery to discharge at a discharge power Pb- not greater than the rated power PB0 of the power battery. At this time, the engine discharges at the rated power Prat, and the power battery discharges at a discharge power Pb- not greater than the rated power PB0 of the power battery. The sum of the two discharge powers is equal to the required power Preq. When the power of the power battery drops to a certain extent but is still higher than Q0, limit the discharge power of the power battery to avoid over-discharging at low power and protect the service life of the power battery.

[0070] Similar to the principle of the above embodiment, the present invention provides an energy management system for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor.

[0071] The following provides specific embodiments in conjunction with the drawings:

[0072] As Figure 7 Shows a schematic structural diagram of an energy management system for a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Applied to a fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor and an extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor, including: a range extender, a power battery, and a drive system powered by the range extender and the power battery. The system includes:

[0074] The power-on control module 1 is used to perform power-on and engine preheating operations;

[0075] The tractor operation full-process energy management module 2 is connected to the power-on control module 1 and is used to, after performing the power-on and engine preheating operations, control the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations according to the tractor operation required power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the full process of the operation of the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor, so as to perform energy management for the full process of tractor operation.

[0076] Since the implementation principle of the fuel hybrid full electric drive tractor energy management system has been described in the foregoing embodiments, it will not be repeated here.

[0077] The fuel hybrid full electric drive tractor energy management method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented on the terminal side or the server side. In terms of the hardware structure of the electronic terminal, please refer to Figure 8 , which is an optional hardware structure diagram of the electronic terminal 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present invention. The terminal 1000 can be a mobile phone, a computer device, a tablet device, a personal digital processing device, a factory background processing device, etc. The terminal 1000 includes: at least one processor 1001, a memory 1002, at least one network interface 10010, and a user interface 1009. Each component in the device is coupled together through a bus system 1005. It can be understood that the bus system 1005 is used to implement the connection and communication between these components. In addition to the data bus, the bus system 1005 also includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for the sake of clarity, in Figure 8 all kinds of buses are labeled as the bus system.

[0078] Among them, the user interface 1009 may include a display, a keyboard, a mouse, a trackball, a click gun, a key, a button, a touchpad, or a touch screen, etc.

[0079] It can be understood that the memory 1002 can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, and may also include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a read-only memory (ROM, Read Only Memory), a programmable read-only memory (PROM, Programmable Read-Only Memory), which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM, Static Random Access Memory), synchronous static random access memory (SSRAM, Synchronous Static Random Access Memory). The memory described in the embodiments of the present invention is intended to include but not limited to these and any other suitable categories of memories.

[0080] The memory 1002 in the embodiments of the present invention is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the terminal 1000. Examples of such data include: any executable programs for operating on the terminal 1000, such as the operating system 10021 and application programs 10022; the operating system 10021 contains various system programs, such as the framework layer, core library layer, driver layer, etc., for implementing various basic services and processing hardware-based tasks. The application programs 10022 can include various application programs, such as a Media Player and a Browser, etc., for implementing various application services. The method for efficiently managing table entry indexing for multi-threading provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be included in the application programs 10022.

[0081] The method disclosed in the above embodiments of the present invention can be applied to or implemented by the processor 1001. The processor 1001 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. During implementation, the steps of the above method can be completed by the integrated logic circuit in the hardware of the processor 1001 or instructions in software form. The above-mentioned processor 1001 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 1001 can implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The processor 1001 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. Combining the steps of the accessory optimization method provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be directly embodied as being completed by a hardware decoding processor, or by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in a storage medium, and this storage medium is located in the memory. The processor reads the information in the memory and combines its hardware to complete the steps of the foregoing method.

[0082] In an exemplary embodiment, the terminal 1000 may be one or more application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), DSPs, programmable logic devices (PLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs) for executing the foregoing method.

[0083] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to a computer program. The aforementioned computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it performs the steps including those of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: ROM, RAM, magnetic disk, or optical disc and other media that can store program codes.

[0084] In the embodiments provided in the present application, the computer-readable and writable storage medium may include read-only memory, random access memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer. Additionally, any connection can be appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if the instructions are sent from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. However, it should be understood that computer-readable and writable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transient media, but are intended to refer to non-transient, tangible storage media. As used in the application, magnetic disks and optical discs include compact discs (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where magnetic disks typically replicate data magnetically, while optical discs optically replicate data using lasers.

[0085] In summary, for the fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor energy management method, system, and terminal of the present invention, first, the power-on and engine preheating operations are performed. After completion, according to the tractor operation required power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire operation process of the range-extended hybrid electric drive tractor, the generator in the range extender and the power battery are controlled to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations for energy management during the entire operation process of the tractor. The present invention combines vehicle range-extended technology with agricultural machinery application scenarios, and proposes an energy management strategy under a fully electric drive architecture where the drive system and the power system are completely decoupled and there is no mechanical connection for the range extender, power battery, and the combined architecture of the all-electric drive system, realizing energy management control for the entire vehicle from starting, starting, accelerating, to operating at rated power and overloading. It can achieve efficient utilization of energy and cyclic charge and discharge control of the power battery. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes various drawbacks in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

[0086] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management method for a fuel hybrid fully electric drive tractor, characterized in that, Applied to an extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor, including: an extender, a power battery, and a drive system powered by the extender and the power battery, the method includes: Perform power-on and engine preheating operations; After performing the power-on and engine preheating operations, according to the tractor operation required power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire operation process of the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor, control the generator in the extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations for energy management throughout the tractor operation process.

2. The energy management method of the fuel-hybrid fully electric drive tractor according to claim 1, wherein, The power-on and engine preheating operations include: After starting the operation process, start low-voltage power-on and perform a vehicle self-check; When the self-check is normal, start the engine for preheating and start high-voltage power-on after preheating; After high-voltage power-on, determine whether the current power battery SOC value is greater than the charging judgment threshold, and if it is not greater than the charging judgment threshold, charge the power battery to the first preset SOC value; wherein, the first preset SOC value is greater than the charging judgment threshold.

3. The energy management method of the fuel hybrid full-electric drive tractor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control of the generator in the extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations according to the tractor operation required power and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire operation process of the extended-range hybrid electric drive tractor includes: Based on the energy control strategy, according to the tractor operation required power input in real time and the power battery SOC value monitored in real time during the entire tractor operation process, cyclically adopt multiple control modes to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery.

4. The energy management method of the fuel hybrid fully electric drive tractor according to claim 3, characterized in that The energy control strategy includes: Compare the currently input tractor operation required power with the rated power of the power battery and the rated power of the generator respectively; wherein, the rated power of the power battery is less than the rated power of the generator; If the currently input tractor operation required power is not greater than the rated power of the power battery, then in the first control mode, cyclically adopt the first working condition control mechanism and the second working condition control mechanism to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery according to the power battery SOC value monitored in real time, and determine whether to switch to the second control mode based on the currently input tractor operation required power in this mode; If the currently input tractor operation required power is greater than the rated power of the power battery and not greater than the rated power of the generator, then in the second control mode, cyclically adopt the third working condition control mechanism and the fourth working condition control mechanism to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery according to the power battery SOC value monitored in real time, and determine whether to switch to the third control mode or the first control mode based on the currently input tractor operation required power in this mode; If the currently input tractor operation required power is greater than the rated power of the generator, then in the third control mode, cyclically adopt the fifth working condition control mechanism and the sixth working condition control mechanism to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery according to the power battery SOC value monitored in real time, and determine whether to switch to the second control mode based on the currently input tractor operation required power in this mode.

5. The energy management method of the fuel hybrid full electric drive tractor according to claim 4, wherein Under the first control mode, according to the real-time monitored state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery, the first operating condition control mechanism and the second operating condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, including: Judge whether the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value; If it is greater, adopt the first operating condition control mechanism for pure electric drive control; wherein, the first operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator not to generate electricity, and controlling the power battery to discharge at the power demand of tractor operation until the power battery discharges to the second preset SOC value; If it is not greater, perform drive control based on the second operating condition control mechanism; wherein, the second operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge at the first preset discharge power and charging the power battery at the same time until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value; wherein, the first preset discharge power is equal to the sum of the power demand of tractor operation and the current power of the power battery.

6. The energy management method of the fuel-hybrid fully electric drive tractor according to claim 4, characterized in that, Under the second control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, the third operating condition control mechanism and the fourth operating condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, including: Compare the current SOC value of the power battery with the second preset SOC value and the first preset SOC value respectively; If the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value and not greater than the first preset SOC value, adopt the third operating condition control mechanism for peak shaving and valley filling drive control; wherein, the third operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge, and performing peak shaving and valley filling operations on the power battery during this process until the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value; the peak shaving and valley filling operations include: when the discharge power of the generator is greater than the power demand of tractor operation, controlling the power battery not to discharge and using the excess electric energy to supply power to the power battery; when the discharge power of the generator is less than the power demand of tractor operation, controlling the power battery to release the stored electric energy to make up for the deficiency; If the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the first preset SOC value and not greater than 1, adopt the fourth operating condition control mechanism for drive control; wherein, the fourth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the generator to discharge, and controlling the power battery to discharge at the first preset discharge power until the power battery discharges to the second preset SOC value; wherein, the first preset discharge power is less than the rated power of the power battery; the power demand of tractor operation is equal to the sum of the discharge power of the generator and the first preset discharge power.

7. The energy management method of the fuel hybrid full electric drive tractor according to claim 4, characterized in that Under the third control mode, according to the real-time monitored SOC value of the power battery, the fifth operating condition control mechanism and the sixth operating condition control mechanism are cyclically adopted to perform charge and discharge control operations on the generator and the power battery, including: Judge whether the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value; If it is greater, adopt the fifth operating condition control mechanism for drive control; wherein, the fifth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the engine to discharge at the rated power of the generator, and to avoid excessive discharge of the power battery when the battery power is low, controlling the power battery to discharge based on the first discharge mechanism until the power battery discharges to the third preset SOC value; If it is not greater than, the sixth operating condition control mechanism is adopted for drive control; wherein, the sixth operating condition control mechanism includes: controlling the engine to discharge at the maximum discharge power of the generator; if the maximum discharge power of the generator can meet the power demand for tractor operation, the excess power is used to charge the power battery, and when the power battery is charged to the first preset SOC value, the power battery is allowed to discharge; if the maximum discharge power of the generator still cannot meet the power demand for tractor operation, torque limiting is performed on the motor.

8. The energy management method of the fuel hybrid all-electric drive tractor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first discharge mechanism includes: when the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the second preset SOC value, controlling the power battery to discharge at a discharge power not greater than the maximum power of the power battery; when the current SOC value of the power battery is greater than the third preset SOC value and not greater than the second preset SOC value, controlling the power battery to discharge at a discharge power not greater than the rated power of the power battery.

9. An energy management system for a fuel hybrid full-electric drive tractor, characterized in that, Applied to a range-extended hybrid electric drive tractor, it includes: a range extender, a power battery, and a drive system powered by the range extender and the power battery. The system includes: A power-on control module for performing power-on and engine preheating operations. A tractor operation full-process energy management module, connected to the power-on control module, for, after performing the power-on and engine preheating operations, controlling the generator in the range extender and the power battery to perform cyclic charge and discharge control operations according to the power demand for tractor operation and the SOC value of the power battery monitored in real time during the full process of tractor operation, so as to perform energy management for the full process of tractor operation.

10. An electronic terminal, characterized in that, It includes: One or more memories and one or more processors; The one or more memories are used for storing computer programs; The one or more processors, connected to the memories, are used for running the computer programs to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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