Low-temperature washing-free short-process pretreatment process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile pretreatment processes, and particularly discloses a low-temperature washing-free short-process pretreatment process which comprises the following steps: (1) padding a fabric in a working solution, and stirring for 10-12 hours at 20-25 DEG C. The working solution comprises the following raw materials: a scouring agent, an alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70, hydrogen peroxide, sodium silicate, ethylenediamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid) pentasodium salt, caustic soda and water; (2) adding a water-free washing agent into the fabric subjected to padding treatment, and heating for 10-15 minutes at the temperature of 98-100 DEG C; (3) carrying out deoxidization treatment on the treated fabric; (4) immersing the treated fabric into the complex liquid, and stirring for 20-25 minutes at the temperature of 40-45 DEG C; the composite liquid is prepared from sodium dodecyl sulfate, modified chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, modified plant ash, polyethylene glycol and water. The fabric treated by the method is low in water consumption and high in dyeing efficiency and dye uptake, and the quality of the fabric is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of textile pretreatment processes, and particularly to a low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process. Background Art

[0002] The short-process pretreatment process is an efficient and energy-saving pretreatment method for cotton fabrics. By simplifying the traditional process flow, it reduces energy consumption and wastewater discharge while improving the treatment effect. The short-process pretreatment process mainly includes three basic links: padding, reaction, and washing.

[0003] The fabric is padded with the treatment liquid to obtain sufficient penetration and a high liquor retention. Through cold pad-batch or steaming, the treatment liquid reacts fully with the fabric to remove impurities, and a high-efficiency washing device is used to remove the residual impurities and chemicals on the fabric.

[0004] In the existing process, a washing device is usually used to clean the fabric with high-temperature water washing, which shortens the process flow, reduces the treatment time and equipment occupancy, and improves production efficiency. However, water washing not only consumes a large amount of water and energy but also may damage the fibers and affect the quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the problems of high water consumption, high energy consumption, and fiber damage caused by water washing, this application provides a low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process.

[0006] This application provides a low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, adopting the following technical solutions: A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process includes the following steps: (1) The fabric is padded with the working liquid and stirred at 20 - 25°C for 10 - 12 h. The raw materials of the working liquid include: 5 - 8 g / L of scouring agent, 3 - 6 g / L of alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70, 20 - 30 g / L of hydrogen peroxide, 6 - 9 g / L of sodium silicate, 1 - 3 g / L of sodium ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) pentasodium, 6 - 10 g / L of caustic soda, and the rest is water; (2) A waterless agent is added to the fabric padded in step (1) and heated at 98 - 100°C for 10 - 15 min; (3) The fabric treated in step (2) is deoxygenated at a temperature of 30 - 35°C for 10 - 15 min; (4) The fabric treated in step (3) is immersed in the composite liquid and stirred at a temperature of 40 - 45°C for 20 - 25 min; The composite liquid includes: sodium dodecyl sulfonate, modified chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, modified plant ash, polyethylene glycol, and water, and then obtained.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solutions, the fabric is padded with the working solution and stirred at 20 - 25°C. Low-temperature treatment is adopted to reduce water and energy consumption. Long-time stirring ensures uniform treatment, which is suitable for large-scale production. Padding the working solution removes natural impurities in the fabric and bleaches it. Among the raw materials of the working solution, the scouring agent is used to remove natural impurities (such as wax and pectin) in the fabric. The alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 helps the working solution quickly penetrate into the interior of the fabric, improving the treatment efficiency. Hydrogen peroxide is used as a bleaching agent to remove natural pigments in the fabric. Sodium silicate stabilizes hydrogen peroxide and prevents its decomposition at high temperatures. Sodium ethylene diamine tetra (methylene phosphonic acid) pentasodium is used as a chelating agent to remove calcium and magnesium ions in water and prevent precipitation. Caustic soda provides an alkaline environment to promote scouring and bleaching reactions.

[0008] The padded fabric is subjected to a waterless washing treatment. The waterless washing agent reduces the traditional water washing steps, significantly saving water resources. It is heated at a temperature of 98 - 100°C to inactivate the residual hydrogen peroxide through high temperature. The waterless washing agent removes impurities and residual lye on the fabric surface through chemical action, while reducing the traditional water washing and acid neutralization steps.

[0009] The treated fabric is subjected to deoxidation treatment to prevent the fabric from oxidizing during subsequent processing and improve the stability of the fabric. The treated fabric is immersed in the composite solution for further treatment to improve the adsorption property of the fabric, which is helpful for subsequent fabric dyeing. In the composite solution, sodium dodecyl sulfonate provides cleaning and emulsifying effects, improving the hydrophilicity and uniformity of the fabric, making the dye solution more likely to penetrate into the interior of the fiber subsequently and improving the dyeing uniformity; modified chitosan endows antibacterial property, biocompatibility and film-forming property, forms a good combination with the fabric, increases the active sites on the fabric surface, improves the adsorption ability and durability of dyes; carboxymethyl cellulose improves the hand feeling of the fabric, increases the viscosity of the composite solution, and enhances the film-forming property when compounded with chitosan. Subsequently, the dye solution is more evenly distributed on the fabric surface, reducing color spots and color differences. Modified plant ash has a porous structure, improves the surface properties of the fiber, enhances the adsorption ability of the fabric for dyes, and enhances the softness of the fabric.

[0010] Polyethylene glycol has good lubricity and film-forming property, and can form a protective film on the fiber surface to reduce the shedding of dyes during subsequent processing, thereby improving the color fastness. The various components in the composite solution act synergistically. The fabric treated with the composite solution shows a higher dye uptake rate, better dyeing uniformity, brighter color and higher color fastness during subsequent dyeing.

[0011] Preferably, the padding pressure of the fabric is 2.5 - 3 bar, and the liquor ratio is 85 - 90%.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, a certain pressure is set to control the liquor pickup of the fabric, ensuring that the fabric passes through the rollers evenly, making the working fluid distribute more evenly on the fabric, avoiding excessive or insufficient liquor pickup in local areas, ensuring that the working fluid better penetrates into the fiber interior, and improving the effect of pretreatment, dyeing or finishing.

[0013] Preferably, the scouring agent, by weight, comprises the following raw materials: 25-28 parts of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 30-33 parts of diethylene glycol, 10-12 parts of secondary alkyl sulfonate, 14-17 parts of hexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, and 40-50 parts of deionized water.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether has excellent wettability, permeability and emulsifying properties, can reduce the interfacial tension between the fabric and the treatment liquid, help the alkali liquor quickly penetrate into the fiber interior, promote the emulsification and dispersion of wax and grease, and improve the scouring effect. Diethylene glycol has good solubility and hygroscopicity, plays a solubilizing and lubricating role, improves the stability of the treatment liquid, and at the same time reduces the friction between fibers. Secondary alkyl sulfonate has good emulsifying, dispersing and detergency capabilities, can effectively remove the grease and impurities on the fabric surface, and prevent the impurities from reattaching to the fibers. Hexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate has good alkali resistance and emulsifying ability, enhances the emulsifying and dispersing properties of the scouring liquid, and improves the impurity removal effect.

[0015] Preferably, 12-14 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 10-13 parts of modified chitosan, 3-5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 6-8 parts of modified plant ash, 16-18 parts of polyethylene glycol, and 70-80 parts of water.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the dosages of each component are further defined, so that the composite liquid has a good treatment effect on the fabric, which helps the subsequent dyeing. Sodium dodecyl sulfonate has good emulsifying, dispersing and penetrating properties, effectively removing the grease and impurities on the fabric surface, while reducing the surface tension of water, promoting the better penetration of the treatment liquid into the fiber interior, improving the hydrophilicity and capillary effect of the fabric, and thus enhancing the uniformity of dyeing. Modified chitosan has natural antibacterial and biocompatible properties, can form a good combination with the fiber, enhance the adsorption performance of the fiber, improve the hydrophilicity of the fabric, and create better conditions for the subsequent dyeing. Carboxymethyl cellulose can increase the viscosity of the treatment liquid, make the treatment liquid distribute more uniformly on the fabric surface, improve the hydrophilicity and capillary effect of the fabric, and make the dyeing liquid more easily penetrate uniformly into the fiber interior. Modified plant ash improves the surface properties of the fiber, enhances the adsorption ability of the fiber to the treatment liquid, increases the active sites on the fiber surface, improves the adsorption ability of the fiber to the dye, and thus increases the dye uptake rate. Polyethylene glycol has good lubricity and film-forming properties, can form a protective film on the fiber surface, reduce the friction between fibers, and at the same time endow the fabric with a soft hand feeling, reduce the shedding of dyes in the subsequent treatment, and thus improve the color fastness.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified chitosan includes the following steps: (1) Disperse chitosan in absolute ethanol and stir evenly, add sodium hydroxide solution for swelling for 4 - 5 h, add chloroacetic acid and mix evenly, then centrifuge, wash ultrasonically, and dry to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan; (2) Disperse the carboxymethyl chitosan obtained in step (1) in deionized water, add nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate, stir at a temperature of 60 - 65 °C for 1 - 2 h, dry, and grind to obtain modified chitosan.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, adding sodium hydroxide solution for swelling activates the hydroxyl and amino groups of chitosan under alkaline conditions, and adding chloroacetic acid for reaction makes the hydroxyl or amino group of chitosan be substituted by carboxymethyl to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan.

[0019] Adding nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate, the nano-silica whiskers form hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds with the carboxyl groups of carboxymethyl chitosan through silanol groups to enhance the interfacial bonding; the modified sodium alginate and carboxymethyl chitosan form an interpenetrating network structure through electrostatic interaction to improve the flexibility and stability of the system. Acting on the fabric subsequently, the synergistic effect of chitosan and modified sodium alginate improves the hydrophilicity and capillary effect of the fabric, makes the dyeing liquid more easily penetrate uniformly into the fiber interior, and the modified sodium alginate and nano-silica whiskers can increase the active sites on the fiber surface, improve the adsorption ability of the fiber to the dye, and reduce the shedding of dyes in the subsequent treatment, thereby improving the color fastness.

[0020] Preferably, the mass ratio of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate is 1:0.4 - 0.5:0.6 - 0.7.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the mass ratio of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate is further limited within a certain range. The charge complementarity between chitosan and modified sodium alginate forms a "trapping net" structure, enhancing the ability to wrap and remove impurities. The nano-silica whiskers form hydrogen bonds or covalent bonds with the carboxyl groups of carboxymethyl chitosan through silanol groups, improving the wettability of fabric fibers and promoting the penetration of the composite liquid. The cooperation of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate has a synergistic effect, showing good detergency and hydrophilicity, and can significantly improve the adsorption performance and dyeing uniformity of fabrics. In subsequent dyeing, the three cooperate to improve the adsorption ability of dyes, enhance the color fastness, and endow the fabric with multifunctions such as antibacterial and anti-ultraviolet properties.

[0022] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified sodium alginate includes the following steps: dispersing sodium alginate in water, adding triethylenediamine, stirring evenly, then adding 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and stirring for 1 - 1.5 h to obtain a crosslinked modified sodium alginate solution, adding ethanol, filtering by suction to obtain a powder, dispersing the powder in water, adding sodium lignosulfonate and polyvinyl alcohol, stirring evenly, drying, and grinding to obtain the modified sodium alginate.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, sodium alginate reacts with 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate to undergo a crosslinking reaction to form a crosslinked network, obtaining a crosslinked modified sodium alginate solution, and filtering by suction to obtain crosslinked modified sodium alginate powder. Dispersing the powder in water, adding sodium lignosulfonate and polyvinyl alcohol, sodium lignosulfonate has good dispersibility and adsorption ability, and can further enhance the adsorption performance of sodium alginate. Polyvinyl alcohol improves the film-forming property and flexibility of sodium alginate, making it more suitable for fabric treatment. The modified sodium alginate has higher adsorption ability through crosslinking and composite modification, and can effectively remove impurities and residues on the fabric surface. The high hydrophilicity and adsorption ability of the modified sodium alginate can make the dye solution more evenly distributed on the fiber surface, reducing color spots and color differences. The crosslinked modified sodium alginate can provide more active sites, enhance the adsorption ability of fibers to dyes, and improve the dye uptake rate.

[0024] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified plant ash includes the following steps: (1) Dispersing the plant ash in a hydrochloric acid solution, stirring for 2 - 3 h, washing with water, then dispersing in a sodium hydroxide solution, soaking for 1 - 2 h, washing with water, and drying to obtain pretreated plant ash; (2) Disperse the pretreated plant ash obtained in step (1) in water, add modified sodium sulfate and guar gum, stir at a temperature of 70 - 75 °C for 1 - 2 h, and then dry to obtain modified plant ash.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the hydrochloric acid solution removes impurities in the plant ash, and at the same time activates the surface of the plant ash to enhance its adsorption performance. The sodium hydroxide solution further improves the surface properties of the plant ash, making it more suitable for subsequent modification. The pretreated plant ash has higher adsorption capacity and reactivity, and can better combine with other components.

[0026] Disperse the pretreated plant ash in water, and add modified sodium sulfate and guar gum. The modified sodium sulfate can be loaded on the surface and pores of the plant ash, enhancing the adsorption capacity and stability of the plant ash. Guar gum has good thickening and dispersing properties, making the plant ash and modified sodium sulfate adhere tightly, improving the dispersibility and adsorption performance of the modified plant ash, effectively removing impurities and residues on the fabric surface, making the composite liquid easier to penetrate into the fiber interior. The high adsorption capacity and hydrophilicity of the subsequent modified plant ash can make the dye liquor more evenly distributed on the fiber surface, reducing color spots and color differences, enhancing the adsorption capacity of the fiber for dyes, and improving the dye uptake rate.

[0027] Preferably, the mass ratio of the plant ash, modified sodium sulfate and guar gum is 1:0.5 - 0.6:0.1 - 0.2.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, further limiting the mass ratio of the plant ash, modified sodium sulfate and guar gum within a certain range, the obtained modified plant ash has good adsorption properties, enabling the composite liquid to better treat the fabric, and subsequently contributing to the dyeing of the fabric. The plant ash can improve the water absorption and dyeing uniformity of the fabric. The modified sodium sulfate can be loaded on the surface and pores of the plant ash, improving the adsorption capacity and dispersibility of the plant ash. Guar gum improves the adhesion between the plant ash and modified sodium sulfate, making the modified plant ash improve the dyeing uniformity, enhance the dye adsorption capacity, improve the color fastness, and endow the fabric with a soft hand feeling and antibacterial properties.

[0029] Preferably, the preparation method of the modified sodium sulfate includes the following steps: Disperse sodium sulfate in water, add silane coupling agent KH550 and acetic acid, stir for 27 - 32 min, filter, then disperse in water again, add nano - silver and gum arabic, stir at a temperature of 60 - 65 °C for 2 - 3 h, dry, and grind to obtain modified sodium sulfate.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solutions, the combination of silane coupling agent KH-550 and acetic acid can improve the dispersibility of anhydrous sodium sulfate in water, prevent particle aggregation, and improve the stability and uniformity of the solution. Adding nano silver and gum arabic, nano silver can be loaded in the pores and on the surface of anhydrous sodium sulfate, improving the antibacterial property, adsorption property and mechanical property of anhydrous sodium sulfate. Gum arabic enables nano silver to firmly adhere to the structure of anhydrous sodium sulfate, increasing the adsorption property of the modified anhydrous sodium sulfate, and subsequently improving the adsorption property and dyeing property of the fabric.

[0031] The high adsorption capacity and hydrophilicity of the modified anhydrous sodium sulfate can make the dye solution more evenly distributed on the fiber surface, reduce color spots and color differences, provide more active sites, enhance the adsorption capacity of the fiber for dyes, and improve the dye uptake rate.

[0032] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The fabric treatment in the present application reduces water resource and energy consumption, removes impurities on the fabric surface, ensures the fabric quality, improves the fabric quality, and improves the adsorption property and dye uptake rate of the fabric.

[0033] 2. The modified chitosan in the present application imparts antibacterial property, biocompatibility and film-forming property, forms a good combination with the fabric, increases the active sites on the fabric surface, and improves the adsorption capacity and durability of dyes.

[0034] 3. The modified plant ash in the present application has a porous structure, improves the surface properties of fibers, enhances the adsorption capacity of the fabric for dyes, and enhances the softness of the fabric. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0035] The following further describes the present application in detail with reference to embodiments.

[0036] The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples can all be obtained commercially.

[0037] Preparation Example of Modified Chitosan Preparation Example 1-1 The preparation method of modified chitosan includes the following steps: (1) Disperse 20 kg of chitosan in 100 L of absolute ethanol and stir evenly. Add 15 L of sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 30% for swelling for 4.5 h. Add 18 kg of chloroacetic acid and mix evenly. Then, centrifuge, wash ultrasonically, and dry to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan; (2) Disperse the carboxymethyl chitosan obtained in step (1) in 60 L of deionized water, add nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate, stir at a temperature of 62 °C for 1.6 h, dry, and grind to obtain modified chitosan.

[0038] The mass ratio of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate is 1:0.5:0.6.

[0039] Preparation method of modified sodium alginate, comprising the following steps: Disperse 25 kg of sodium alginate in 70 L of water, add 1 kg of triethylenediamine, stir evenly, then add 3 kg of 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, stir for 1.2 h to obtain a cross-linked modified sodium alginate solution, add 150 L of ethanol, filter by suction to obtain a powder, disperse the powder in 70 L of water, add 4 kg of sodium lignosulfonate and 6 kg of polyvinyl alcohol, stir evenly, dry and grind to obtain modified sodium alginate.

[0040] Preparation Examples 1-2 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in step (2), no modified sodium alginate is added.

[0041] Preparation Example 1-3 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in step (2), no nano-silica whiskers are added.

[0042] Preparation Example 1-4 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that the mass ratio of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate is 1:0.4:0.7.

[0043] Preparation Example 1-5 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that the mass ratio of chitosan, nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate is 1:0.1:0.9.

[0044] Preparation Example 1-6 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in the preparation method of modified sodium alginate, no polyvinyl alcohol is added.

[0045] Preparation Example 1-7 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in the preparation method of modified sodium alginate, no sodium lignosulfonate is added.

[0046] Preparation Example of Modified Plant Ash Preparation Example 2-1 Preparation method of modified plant ash, comprising the following steps: (1) Disperse 15 kg of plant ash in 27 L of hydrochloric acid solution with a mass concentration of 5%, stir for 2.3 h, wash with water, then disperse in 30 L of sodium hydroxide solution with a mass concentration of 4%, soak for 1.5 h, wash with water and dry to obtain pretreated plant ash; (2) Disperse the pretreated plant ash in step (1) in 80 L of water, add modified sodium sulfate and guar gum, stir at 72 °C for 1.5 h, dry to obtain modified plant ash.

[0047] The mass ratio of plant ash, modified sodium sulfate and guar gum is 1:0.5:0.2.

[0048] Preparation method of modified mirabilite, comprising the following steps: Disperse 10 kg of mirabilite in 30 L of water, add 0.1 kg of silane coupling agent KH550 and 0.15 kg of acetic acid, stir for 30 min, filter, then disperse in 45 L of water, add 6 kg of nano silver and 4.5 kg of gum arabic, stir at a temperature of 62 °C for 2.6 h, dry and grind to obtain modified mirabilite.

[0049] Preparation Example 2-2 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in step (2), no modified mirabilite is added.

[0050] Preparation Example 2-3 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in step (2), no guar gum is added.

[0051] Preparation Example 2-4 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that the mass ratio of plant ash, modified mirabilite and guar gum is 1:0.6:0.1.

[0052] Preparation Example 2-5 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that the mass ratio of plant ash, modified mirabilite and guar gum is 1:0.1:0.6.

[0053] Preparation Example 2-6 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in the preparation method of modified mirabilite, no nano silver is added.

[0054] Preparation Example 2-7 The difference from Preparation Example 1-1 is that in the preparation method of modified mirabilite, no gum arabic is added. Example

[0055] Example 1 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, comprising the following steps: (1) Pad the fabric with the working solution, stir at 20 °C for 12 h. The raw materials of the working solution include: scouring agent 5 g / L, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 3 g / L, hydrogen peroxide (concentration 15%) 30 g / L, sodium silicate 9 g / L, sodium ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonate) pentasodium 1 g / L, caustic soda 6 g / L, and the rest is water. The total weight of the working solution is 200 kg; the padding pressure of the fabric is 3 bar and the liquor pickup is 90%.

[0056] (2) Add the waterless agent (the waterless agent is TF-A2, and the addition amount is 8 g / L, based on the weight of the fabric) to the fabric treated by padding in step (1), and heat at a temperature of 98 °C for 15 min; (3) Subject the fabric treated in step (2) to deoxidation treatment at a temperature of 35°C for 15 minutes. During the deoxidation treatment: Immerse the fabric in the treatment liquid, which contains glacial acetic acid and a deoxidizing agent. The addition amount of glacial acetic acid is 0.3 g / L, and the addition amount of the deoxidizing agent is 0.02 g / L. The deoxidizing agent is sodium sulfite, and the total weight of the treatment liquid is 180 kg.

[0057] (4) Immerse the fabric treated in step (3) in the composite liquid and stir for 20 minutes at a temperature of 45°C. The composite liquid includes: 14 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 13 kg of modified chitosan, 3 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 8 kg of modified plant ash, 18 kg of polyethylene glycol, and 80 kg of water, thus obtaining the product.

[0058] The scouring agent, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 28 kg of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 33 kg of diethylene glycol, 12 kg of secondary alkyl sulfonate, 17 kg of hexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, and 50 kg of deionized water; Take the required amount for the above working liquid.

[0059] The modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-1, and the modified plant ash is prepared by 2-1.

[0060] The fabric is: 60 s *60 s / 173*120, all-cotton satin, weighing 20 kg.

[0061] Example 2 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, different from Example 1, includes the following steps: (1) Pad the fabric with the working liquid and stir at 25°C for 10 hours. The raw materials of the working liquid include: 8 g / L of scouring agent, 6 g / L of alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70, 20 g / L of hydrogen peroxide (concentration 12%), 6 g / L of sodium silicate, 3 g / L of sodium ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) pentasodium, 10 g / L of caustic soda, and the rest is water; The padding pressure of the fabric is 2.5 bar, and the liquor pickup rate is 85%.

[0062] (2) Add a waterless agent to the fabric treated by padding in step (1) and heat at a temperature of 100°C for 10 minutes; (3) Subject the fabric treated in step (2) to deoxidation treatment at a temperature of 30°C for 10 minutes; (4) Immerse the fabric treated in step (3) in the composite liquid and stir for 25 minutes at a temperature of 40°C. The composite liquid includes: 12 kg of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, 10 kg of modified chitosan, 5 kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 6 kg of modified plant ash, 16 kg of polyethylene glycol, and 70 kg of water, thus obtaining the product.

[0063] Scouring agent, by weight, includes the following raw materials: 25 kg of dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether, 30 kg of diethylene glycol, 10 kg of secondary alkyl sulfonate, 14 kg of hexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate, and 40 kg of deionized water.

[0064] Example 3 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-2.

[0065] Example 4 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-3.

[0066] Example 5 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-4.

[0067] Example 6 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-5.

[0068] Example 7 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-6.

[0069] Example 8 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified chitosan is prepared by Preparation Example 1-7.

[0070] Example 9 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Example 2-2.

[0071] Example 10 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Example 2-3.

[0072] Example 11 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Example 2-4.

[0073] Example 12 A low-temperature waterless short process pretreatment process, different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Example 2-5.

[0074] Example 13 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Examples 2-6.

[0075] Example 14 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that the modified plant ash is prepared by Preparation Examples 2-7.

[0076] Control Example Control Example 1 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in step (3), no modified chitosan is added.

[0077] Control Example 2 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in step (3), the modified chitosan is replaced by an equal amount of chitosan.

[0078] Control Example 3 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in step (3), no modified plant ash is added.

[0079] Control Example 4 A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, which is different from Example 1 in that in step (3), the modified plant ash is replaced by an equal amount of plant ash.

[0080] Performance Detection Test The low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment processes prepared in Examples 1-14 and Control Examples 1-4 were subjected to performance tests; Referring to GB / T 8424.2-2001 "Instrumental Evaluation Method for Relative Whiteness of Textiles", the whiteness of the samples was measured on a WSB-II whiteness meter. The samples were folded into 8 layers, and 3 different places of each sample were measured, and the average value was taken.

[0081] Referring to FZ / T 01071-1999 "Test Method for Capillary Effect of Textiles", three cloth samples with specifications of 28 cm × 8 cm were cut from the treated samples, and the liquid wicking height at 30 min was measured on a wicking effect tester, and the average value was taken to measure the wicking effect.

[0082] Referring to GB / T 3923.1-1997 "Textiles - Tensile Properties of Fabrics - Part 1: Determination of Tensile Strength and Elongation at Break - Strip Method", the strength was measured on an electronic fabric strength tester, and the strength loss rate (referred to as the strength reduction rate) was calculated according to the following formula, and three pieces of cloth were measured, and the average value was taken.

[0083] Strength reduction rate = (F0 - F1) / F0 × 100% (1); where F0 is the strength of the fabric before treatment and F1 is the strength of the fabric after treatment.

[0084] K / S test: Calculate using the Kubelka-Munk function K / S = (1 - R) 2 / 2R. In the formula: K is the absorption coefficient of the fabric to be measured; S is the scattering coefficient of the fabric to be measured; R is the reflectance of the fabric to be measured at the maximum absorption wavelength. Use a colorimetric and color matching instrument to measure the K / S value of the dyed fabric at the maximum absorption wavelength. The larger the K / S value, the darker the color; the smaller the K / S value, the lighter the color. Each sample is tested 4 times at different positions, and the average value is taken.

[0085] Dye uptake rate: Measure the absorbance of the dye solution before and after dyeing using a UV-visible spectrophotometer, and calculate the dye uptake rate = (1 - nA1 / mA0) × 100%, where: A0 is the absorbance of the dye solution diluted m times before dyeing; A1 is the absorbance of the residual solution diluted n times after dyeing; the test results are shown in Table 1.

[0086] Table 1 Test data of examples and comparative examples As can be seen from Table 1, the fabrics treated in Examples 1-2 of this application have good effects. Among them, the whiteness of Example 1 is 89.65%, the radial strength reduction rate is 5.2%, the weft strength reduction rate is 5.6%, the capillary effect is 12.9 cm, the K / S value is 17.98, and the dye uptake rate is 98.6%. It shows that the treatment of the fabric in this application removes impurities in the fabric, enhances the adsorption ability of the fabric to dyes, and improves the dye uptake rate.

[0087] In the preparation methods of modified chitosan in Examples 3-4, modified sodium alginate and nano-silicon dioxide whiskers are not added respectively. In Examples 5-6, the mass ratios of chitosan, nano-silicon dioxide whiskers and modified sodium alginate are changed. As can be seen from Table 1, the test effects of whiteness, radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value and dye uptake rate in Examples 3-4 are significantly worse than those in Examples 1-2 and Example 5. The corresponding test effects of Example 6 are better than those in Examples 3-4, but worse than those in Examples 1-2 and Example 5, indicating that the combination of chitosan, nano-silicon dioxide whiskers and modified sodium alginate has a synergistic effect, showing good detergency and hydrophilicity, and can significantly improve the adsorption performance and dyeing uniformity of the fabric. The combination of the three can improve the adsorption ability of dyes and enhance the color fastness.

[0088] In the preparation methods of modified sodium alginate in Examples 7 - 8, polyvinyl alcohol and sodium lignosulfonate were not added respectively. The test results of whiteness, radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value, and dye uptake rate in Examples 7 - 8 were significantly worse than those in Examples 1 - 2, but better than those in Example 3, indicating that sodium lignosulfonate has good dispersibility and adsorption ability, and can further enhance the adsorption performance of sodium alginate. Polyvinyl alcohol improves the film-forming property and flexibility of sodium alginate, and the combination of the two makes it more suitable for fabric treatment.

[0089] In the preparation methods of modified plant ash in Examples 9 - 10, modified sodium sulfate and guar gum were not added respectively. In Examples 11 - 12, the mass ratios of plant ash, modified sodium sulfate and guar gum were changed. As can be seen from Table 1, the test results of whiteness, radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value, and dye uptake rate in Examples 9 - 10 were significantly worse than those in Examples 1 - 2 and Example 11. The corresponding test results of Example 12 were better than those in Examples 9 - 10, but worse than those in Examples 1 - 2 and Example 11, indicating that modified sodium sulfate can be loaded on the surface and pores of plant ash, improving the adsorption ability and dispersibility of plant ash. Guar gum improves the adhesion between plant ash and modified sodium sulfate, making the modified plant ash improve the dyeing uniformity, enhance the dye adsorption ability, and improve the color fastness.

[0090] In the preparation methods of modified sodium sulfate in Examples 13 - 14, nano - silver and gum arabic were not added respectively. The test results of radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value, and dye uptake rate in Examples 13 - 14 and the whiteness of Example 14 were significantly worse than those in Examples 1 - 2, but better than those in Example 9. The whiteness of Example 13 did not change much, indicating that nano - silver can be loaded in the pores and on the surface of sodium sulfate, improving the mechanical properties and adsorption properties of sodium sulfate. Gum arabic makes nano - silver firmly adhere to the structure of sodium sulfate, increasing the adsorption performance of modified sodium sulfate, and subsequently improving the adsorption performance and dyeing performance of the fabric.

[0091] In Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3, modified chitosan and modified plant ash were not added respectively. As can be seen from Table 1, the test results of whiteness, radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value, and dye uptake rate in Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 were significantly worse than those in Examples 1 - 2, indicating that modified chitosan endows antibacterial property, biocompatibility and film - forming property, forms a good combination with the fabric, and improves the dye adsorption ability and durability; modified plant ash has a porous structure, improves the surface properties of the fiber, enhances the fabric's adsorption ability for dyes, and enhances the fabric's dye uptake rate.

[0092] In Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 4, the modified chitosan was replaced by an equal amount of chitosan and the modified plant ash was replaced by an equal amount of plant ash. As can be seen from Table 1, the test results of whiteness, radial / weft strength reduction rate, capillary effect, K / S value, and dye uptake rate of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 4 are significantly worse than those of Examples 1-2, but better than those of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3. This indicates that the modified chitosan and plant ash of the present application have better impurity removal effect and modification effect, improving the dyeing effect and mechanical properties of the fabric, and thus improving the durability of the fabric.

[0093] This specific embodiment is only an interpretation of the present application and does not limit the present application. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions as needed, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Immerse the fabric in the working solution and stir at 20 - 25 °C for 10 - 12 h. The raw materials of the working solution include: scouring agent 5 - 8 g / L, alkali-resistant penetrant OEP-70 3 - 6 g / L, hydrogen peroxide 20 - 30 g / L, sodium silicate 6 - 9 g / L, sodium ethylene diamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) pentasodium 1 - 3 g / L, caustic soda 6 - 10 g / L, and the rest is water; (2) Add the waterless detergent to the fabric treated in step (1) and heat at 98 - 100 °C for 10 - 15 min; (3) Conduct deoxygenation treatment on the fabric treated in step (2). The deoxygenation temperature is 30 - 35 °C and the deoxygenation time is 10 - 15 min; (4) Immerse the fabric treated in step (3) in the composite solution and stir at 40 - 45 °C for 20 - 25 min. The composite solution includes: sodium dodecyl sulfonate, modified chitosan, carboxymethyl cellulose, modified plant ash, polyethylene glycol, and water, thus obtaining.

2. The low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that The impregnation pressure of the fabric is 2.5 - 3 bar and the liquor pickup is 85 - 90%.

3. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that The scouring agent, by weight, includes the following raw materials: dodecylamine polyoxyethylene ether 25 - 28 parts, diethylene glycol 30 - 33 parts, secondary alkyl sulfonate 10 - 12 parts, hexadecyl diphenyl ether disulfonate 14 - 17 parts, and deionized water 40 - 50 parts.

4. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sodium dodecyl sulfonate 12 - 14 parts, modified chitosan 10 - 13 parts, carboxymethyl cellulose 3 - 5 parts, modified plant ash 6 - 8 parts, polyethylene glycol 16 - 18 parts, and water 70 - 80 parts.

5. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified chitosan includes the following steps: (1) Disperse chitosan in anhydrous ethanol and stir evenly, add sodium hydroxide solution for swelling for 4 - 5 h, add chloroacetic acid and mix evenly, then centrifuge, wash ultrasonically, and dry to obtain carboxymethyl chitosan; (2) Disperse the carboxymethyl chitosan obtained in step (1) in deionized water, add nano-silica whiskers and modified sodium alginate, stir at 60 - 65 °C for 1 - 2 h, dry, and grind to obtain modified chitosan.

6. The low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the chitosan, nano-silica whiskers, and modified sodium alginate is 1:0.4 - 0.5:0.6 - 0.

7.

7. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 5, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified sodium alginate includes the following steps: Disperse sodium alginate in water, add triethylenediamine and stir evenly, then add 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and stir for 1 - 1.5 h to obtain a crosslinked modified sodium alginate solution. Add ethanol, filter by suction to obtain a powder. Disperse the powder in water, add lignosulfonate and polyvinyl alcohol, stir evenly, dry, and grind to obtain modified sodium alginate.

8. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the modified plant ash includes the following steps: (1) Disperse plant ash in hydrochloric acid solution, stir for 2 - 3 h, wash with water, then disperse in sodium hydroxide solution, soak for 1 - 2 h, wash with water, and dry to obtain pretreated plant ash; (2) Disperse the pretreated plant ash in step (1) in water, add modified sodium sulfate and guar gum, stir at 70 - 75 °C for 1 - 2 h, and dry to obtain modified plant ash.

9. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the plant ash, the modified anhydrous sodium sulfate and the guar gum is 1:0.5 - 0.6:0.1 - 0.

2.

10. A low-temperature waterless short-process pretreatment process according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation method of the modified anhydrous sodium sulfate comprises the following steps: dispersing anhydrous sodium sulfate in water, adding a silane coupling agent KH550 and acetic acid, stirring for 27 - 32 min, filtering, then dispersing in water, adding nano silver and gum arabic, stirring at a temperature of 60 - 65 °C for 2 - 3 h, drying, and grinding to obtain the modified anhydrous sodium sulfate.

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