Fuel oil supply system and method for RBCC engine ramjet combustion chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel oil supply system and a fuel oil supply method for a ramjet combustion chamber of an RBCC (Radial Basis Combined Cycle) engine. The problem that the existing fuel oil supply system for the ramjet combustion chamber of the RBCC engine is difficult to realize large-range fuel oil supply, application of a large-scale power system and structure simplification at the same time is solved. The electric pump is matched with the regulator, large-range stepless regulation of fuel oil can be achieved, response is fast, and controllability is good; and a plurality of high-temperature stop valves are used at an outlet of the regenerative cooling channel to control multi-path fuel supply, so that the system structure is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus for supplying fuel to a liquid rocket engine, and more particularly to a fuel supply system and a supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine. Background Art

[0002] A rocket-based combined-cycle (RBCC) engine is a propulsion system that integrates a rocket engine with a high thrust-to-weight ratio and a scramjet engine with a high specific impulse. It is one of the main power sources for hypersonic aircraft and space transportation systems. The power of an RBCC engine mainly comes from the ram combustion chamber and the rocket thrust chamber. Moreover, when the RBCC engine operates over a wide range, it experiences multiple modes such as ejector, subsonic combustion, supersonic combustion, and pure rocket modes. The fuel flow rate varies greatly under different operating modes. Therefore, the design of the fuel supply system for the ram combustion chamber has an important impact on the performance of the RBCC engine.

[0003] When the RBCC engine operates in the ejector mode, the total thrust of the engine mainly comes from the rocket thrust chamber with a large flow rate. In addition, a small amount of secondary fuel is injected into the ram combustion chamber to appropriately increase the total thrust. When operating in the subsonic combustion and supersonic combustion modes, the working flow rate of the rocket thrust chamber gradually decreases until it becomes zero. This process mainly relies on the ram combustion chamber to provide the thrust required by the engine. Therefore, the secondary fuel in the ram combustion chamber operates with a large flow rate, generating high-temperature and high-pressure gas that is ejected from the nozzle to produce a large thrust. In the pure rocket mode, the thin atmosphere at high altitudes is difficult to meet the oxidizer requirements of the ram combustion chamber. Therefore, the inlet is closed, and the secondary fuel supply to the ram combustion chamber is closed. The rocket thrust chamber with a high chamber pressure and a large flow rate provides all the thrust for the engine. It can be seen that during the entire operation process of the RBCC engine, the fuel flow rate in the ram combustion chamber changes greatly. According to the demonstration results of a certain type of RBCC engine, the fuel regulation range of the ram combustion chamber can reach up to 20 times at most. Therefore, the large-range changing fuel supply requirements pose high demands on the fuel supply system.

[0004] In an RBCC engine, ram fuel supply can use an extrusion supply system and a pump pressure supply system. The extrusion supply system has a simple structure, a long service life, and high reliability, but it is mostly used for small-scale engines. As the scale of the power system increases, the structural mass of the high-pressure storage tank of the extrusion system is difficult to accept. The pump pressure supply system currently used in liquid rocket engines is generally a turbopump type. The gas generator of the turbopump requires the supply of oxidizer and fuel media, so the system is complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve the problem that the fuel supply system of the ram combustion chamber of the existing RBCC engine is difficult to simultaneously achieve a wide range of fuel supply, the application of a large-scale power system, and the simplification of the structure, and to provide a fuel supply system and a supply method for the ram combustion chamber of the RBCC engine.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A fuel supply system for the ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, characterized in that it includes: a pressurization module, an oil storage module, and a control module;

[0008] The pressurization module is used to pressurize the oil storage module, and specifically includes a nitrogen gas cylinder, a self-locking valve, a pressure reducing valve, and an electromagnetic valve; among them, the nitrogen gas cylinder is used to store nitrogen gas, the self-locking valve can seal the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the nitrogen gas cylinder, and the pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen gas output from the nitrogen gas cylinder;

[0009] The output end of the nitrogen gas cylinder is sequentially connected to the self-locking valve and the pressure reducing valve through a gas pipeline, and the output end of the pressure reducing valve is connected to the input end of the electromagnetic valve through a gas pipeline; both the self-locking valve and the electromagnetic valve are electrically connected to the control module; the opening or closing of the self-locking valve and the electromagnetic valve is controlled by the control module;

[0010] The oil storage module includes a fuel storage tank, an electric pump, a regulator, a normal temperature cut-off valve, and a plurality of injectors; among them, the fuel storage tank is used to store fuel, and the regulator is used to regulate the fuel flow. The normal temperature cut-off valve is used to control the on-off of the liquid in the normal temperature environment.

[0011] The gas inlet end of the fuel storage tank is connected to the pressure reducing valve through a gas pipeline, the oil output end is sequentially connected to the electric pump and the regulator through a liquid pipeline, the output end of the regulator is connected to the liquid input end of the normal temperature cut-off valve, the gas input end of the normal temperature cut-off valve is connected to the output end of the electromagnetic valve through a gas pipeline, the output end is connected to the input end of the regenerative cooling channel of the RBCC ram combustion chamber through a liquid pipeline, and the output end of the regenerative cooling channel is respectively connected to a plurality of injectors through a plurality of liquid pipelines, and the output ends of the plurality of injectors are connected into the RBCC ram combustion chamber; both the electric pump and the regulator are electrically connected to the control module.

[0012] Further, the control module includes a motor controller and a power controller;

[0013] The motor controller is electrically connected to the electric pump and is used to pressurize the oil output end of the fuel storage tank;

[0014] The power controller is electrically connected to the self-locking valve, the electromagnetic valve, and the regulator respectively.

[0015] Further, a plurality of the injectors include a main injector and a plurality of sub-injectors;

[0016] High-temperature cut-off valves are respectively connected to the liquid pipelines between the output ends of the regenerative cooling channels and the plurality of sub-injectors, and the supply of ram fuel can be controlled through the high-temperature cut-off valves.

[0017] Each high-temperature cut-off valve is electrically connected to a connection power controller.

[0018] Further, the operating temperature of the high-temperature cut-off valve is 800°C to 1000°C.

[0019] Further, a vent valve and a filling and discharging valve are respectively connected to the gas inlet end and the oil liquid output end of the fuel tank. The filling and discharging valve is used for low-pressure fuel filling.

[0020] Further, a filter is also connected to the liquid pipeline between the oil liquid output end of the fuel tank and the electric pump, and can filter the high-pressure fuel output from the fuel tank.

[0021] Further, a charging and discharging valve is connected to the input end of the nitrogen gas cylinder to fill the nitrogen gas cylinder with high-pressure nitrogen.

[0022] Further, one end of the pressure reducing valve away from the self-locking valve is connected to a safety valve through a gas pipeline, and can release nitrogen pressure after the pressure reducing valve fails.

[0023] A fuel supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine is also characterized in that, based on the above fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, it includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: The control module issues an opening command to the self-locking valve and the solenoid valve. A part of the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen gas cylinder enters the fuel tank after being decompressed by the pressure reducing valve, and at the same time, another part of the decompressed nitrogen passes through the solenoid valve and then activates and opens the normal temperature cut-off valve;

[0025] Step 2: The control module issues an opening command to the electric pump and the regulator. The fuel tank outputs ram fuel, and the ram fuel is pressurized by the electric pump and sequentially passes through the regulator, the normal temperature cut-off valve, and the injector for injection;

[0026] Step 3: When stopping fuel supply, the control module closes the electric pump and the self-locking valve to complete the fuel supply to the RBCC ram combustion chamber.

[0027] Further, in Step 2, after the ram fuel passes through the normal temperature cut-off valve, one path directly enters the main injector for injection, and the remaining paths respectively enter the sub-injectors for injection through a plurality of high-temperature cut-off valves.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] A fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine provided by the present invention uses an electric pump and a regulator in cooperation, can achieve stepless adjustment of fuel in a large range, and has fast response and good controllability.

[0030] A fuel supply system and a supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine provided by the present invention use a plurality of high-temperature cut-off valves to control multi-channel fuel supply at the outlet of the regenerative cooling channel, simplifying the system structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine provided by the present invention.

[0032] In the figure, 1-1. charging and discharging valve, 1-2. nitrogen gas cylinder, 1-3. self-locking valve, 1-4. pressure reducing valve, 1-5. safety valve, 1-6. solenoid valve; 2-1. fuel storage tank, 2-2. ventilation valve, 2-3. filling and discharging valve, 2-4. filter, 2-5. electric pump, 2-6. regulator, 2-7. normal temperature cut-off valve, 2-8. high-temperature cut-off valve, 2-9. injector; 3-1. motor controller, 3-2. power controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] To make the objectives, advantages and features of the present invention clearer, the following further describes in detail a fuel supply system and a supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine proposed by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer.

[0034] A fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine in this embodiment includes three parts, namely: a pressurization module, an oil storage module, and a control module.

[0035] As Figure 1 shown, the pressurization module includes a charging and discharging valve 1-1, a nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2, a self-locking valve 1-3, a pressure reducing valve 1-4, a safety valve 1-5, and a solenoid valve 1-6.

[0036] Among them, the input end of the nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2 is provided with a charging and discharging valve 1-1. High-pressure nitrogen can be filled into the nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2 through this valve. After the inflation is completed, the charging and discharging valve 1-1 is closed. The output end of the nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2 is successively provided with a self-locking valve 1-3, a pressure reducing valve 1-4, a safety valve 1-5, and a solenoid valve 1-6. Both the self-locking valve 1-3 and the solenoid valve 1-6 are connected to the power controller 3-2. The self-locking valve 1-3 seals the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2. When it is necessary to pressurize the fuel tank 2-1, the power controller 3-2 issues an instruction to the self-locking valve 1-3, and the self-locking valve 1-3 opens. The high-pressure nitrogen enters the fuel tank 2-1 for pressurization after being decompressed by the pressure reducing valve 1-4. When the engine shuts down emergently, the self-locking valve 1-3 can be closed to seal the high-pressure nitrogen. A safety valve 1-5 is arranged behind the pressure reducing valve 1-4, aiming to relieve the nitrogen pressure after the pressure reducing valve 1-4 fails and prevent the fuel tank 2-1 from bursting due to overpressure. The solenoid valve 1-6 is arranged on the branch downstream of the safety valve 1-5. Before injecting fuel into the ram combustion chamber, the power controller 3-2 issues an instruction to open the solenoid valve 1-6, and the nitrogen gas opens the normal temperature stop valve 2-7 after passing through the solenoid valve 1-6, and the ram fuel path is opened.

[0037] The fuel storage module includes a fuel tank 2-1, a ventilation valve 2-2, a filling and discharging valve 2-3, a filter 2-4, an electric pump 2-5, a regulating valve 2-6, a normal temperature stop valve 2-7, a plurality of high temperature stop valves 2-8, and a plurality of injectors 2-9.

[0038] The two ends of the fuel tank are provided with a ventilation valve 2-2 and a filling and discharging valve 2-3. When filling fuel, the ventilation valve 2-2 is opened, and low-pressure fuel filling is carried out through the filling and discharging valve 2-3. After the filling is completed, the filling and discharging valve 2-3 and the ventilation valve 2-2 are closed. Downstream of the outlet of the fuel tank 2-1, a filter 2-4, an electric pump 2-5, a regulator 2-6, and a normal temperature stop valve 2-7 are successively arranged. When the system needs to carry out ram fuel injection, first, the nitrogen pressurization process needs to be completed, and the normal temperature stop valve 2-7 is opened through the solenoid valve 1-6. Subsequently, the motor controller 3-1 is powered on to open the electric pump 2-5 and can adjust the rotation speed of the electric pump 2-5 in real time, and the power controller 3-2 is powered on to open the regulator 2-6. The pressurized fuel enters the regenerative cooling channel and can realize a wide range of stepless adjustment of the fuel.

[0039] The wall of the ram combustion chamber is provided with an inlet and an outlet of the regenerative cooling channel. The inlet of the regenerative cooling channel is connected to the normal temperature stop valve 2-7 through a liquid pipeline. After the regenerative cooling is completed, the ram fuel is divided into multiple paths at the outlet of the regenerative cooling channel. Correspondingly, a plurality of fuel injectors are arranged in the ram combustion chamber. The injection fuel flow rate of one of the liquid pipelines can be set to the maximum as the main injector, and the others are called sub-injectors.

[0040] The outlet of the regenerative cooling channel of the ram combustion chamber is connected to multiple high-temperature shut-off valves 2-8 through liquid pipelines. After passing through the regenerative cooling channel, the ram fuel is divided into multiple paths at the outlet. One path directly enters the main injector of the ram combustion chamber for injection, and the remaining paths respectively enter the auxiliary injectors for injection through multiple high-temperature shut-off valves 2-8.

[0041] High-temperature shut-off valves 2-8 are respectively connected to multiple regenerative cooling channels between the output ends of the normal-temperature shut-off valves 2-7 and multiple injectors 2-9;

[0042] A fuel supply method for the ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, based on a fuel supply system for the ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, includes the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Send an opening instruction to the self-locking valve 1-3 and the solenoid valve 1-6 through the control module. The high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen gas cylinder 1-2 is decompressed by the pressure reducing valve 1-4, and a part of it enters the fuel tank 2-1. At the same time, another part of the decompressed nitrogen passes through the solenoid valve 1-6 and then activates and opens the normal-temperature shut-off valve 2-7;

[0044] Step 2: Send an opening instruction to the electric pump 2-5 and the regulator 2-6 through the control module. The fuel tank 2-1 outputs ram fuel. The ram fuel is pressurized by the electric pump 2-5 and then passes through the regulator 2-6, the normal-temperature shut-off valve 2-7, multiple high-temperature shut-off valves 2-8, and multiple injectors 2-9 in sequence and enters the RBCC ram combustion chamber;

[0045] Step 3: When stopping fuel supply, close the electric pump 2-5 and the self-locking valve 1-3 through the control module to complete the fuel supply to the RBCC ram combustion chamber.

[0046] In summary, for the fuel supply system and method for the ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to the present invention, an electric pump is used for pressurized transportation. The electric pump does not require medium supply, the system is simple, and it can cooperate with the regulator to achieve stepless adjustment of fuel and has a fast response. It relies on electrical signals for control, so the control is simple and the controllability is good.

[0047] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, characterized in that: It includes a pressurizing module, an oil storage module and a control module; The pressurizing module includes a nitrogen gas cylinder (1-2), a self-locking valve (1-3), a pressure reducing valve (1-4) and a solenoid valve (1-6); The output end of the nitrogen gas cylinder (1-2) is sequentially connected to the self-locking valve (1-3) and the pressure reducing valve (1-4) through a gas pipeline, and the output end of the pressure reducing valve (1-4) is connected to the input end of the solenoid valve (1-6) through a gas pipeline; both the self-locking valve (1-3) and the solenoid valve (1-6) are electrically connected to the control module; The oil storage module includes a fuel storage tank (2-1), an electric pump (2-5), a regulator (2-6), a normal temperature cut-off valve (2-7) and a plurality of injectors (2-9); The gas inlet end of the fuel storage tank (2-1) is connected to the pressure reducing valve (1-4) through a gas pipeline, and the oil output end is sequentially connected to the electric pump (2-5) and the regulator (2-6) through a liquid pipeline. The output end of the regulator (2-6) is connected to the liquid input end of the normal temperature cut-off valve (2-7). The gas input end of the normal temperature cut-off valve (2-7) is connected to the output end of the solenoid valve (1-6) through a gas pipeline, and the output end is connected to the input end of the regenerative cooling channel of the RBCC ramjet combustor through a liquid pipeline. The output end of the regenerative cooling channel is respectively connected to a plurality of injectors (2-9) through a plurality of liquid pipelines, and the output ends of the plurality of injectors (2-9) are connected into the RBCC ramjet combustor; both the electric pump (2-5) and the regulator (2-6) are electrically connected to the control module.

2. The fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 1, wherein: The control module includes a motor controller (3-1) and a power controller (3-2); The motor controller (3-1) is electrically connected to the electric pump (2-5); The power controller (3-2) is electrically connected to the self-locking valve (1-3), the solenoid valve (1-6) and the regulator (2-6) respectively.

3. The fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of injectors (2-9) include a main injector and a plurality of sub-injectors; High temperature cut-off valves (2-8) are respectively connected to the liquid pipelines between the output end of the regenerative cooling channel and the plurality of sub-injectors; Each high temperature cut-off valve (2-8) is electrically connected to the power controller (3-2).

4. The fuel supply system for the ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The working temperature of the high temperature cut-off valve (2-8) is 800°C to 1000°C.

5. A fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vent valve (2-2) and a filling and discharging valve (2-3) are respectively connected to the gas inlet end and the oil output end of the fuel storage tank (2-1).

6. The fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter (2-4) is also connected to the liquid pipeline between the oil output end of the fuel storage tank (2-1) and the electric pump (2-5) for filtering the ramjet fuel of the fuel storage tank (2-1).

7. The fuel supply system for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A charging and discharging valve (1-1) is connected to the input end of the nitrogen gas cylinder (1-2); A safety valve (1-5) is connected to the end of the pressure reducing valve (1-4) far from the self-locking valve (1-3) through a gas pipeline.

8. A fuel supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine, characterized in that, A fuel supply system for the ramjet combustor of an RBCC engine according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: Step 1: Send an opening instruction to the self-locking valve (1-3) and the solenoid valve (1-6) through the control module. A part of the high-pressure nitrogen in the nitrogen gas cylinder (1-2) enters the fuel storage tank (2-1) after being decompressed by the pressure reducing valve (1-4), and the other part opens the normal temperature stop valve (2-7) after being excited by the solenoid valve (1-6). Step 2: Send an opening instruction to the electric pump (2-5) and the regulator (2-6) through the control module. The fuel storage tank (2-1) outputs rammed fuel, and the rammed fuel, under the boost of the electric pump (2-5), passes through the regulator (2-6), the normal temperature stop valve (2-7), and the injector (2-9) in sequence for injection. Step 3: When stopping fuel supply, close the electric pump (2-5) and the self-locking valve (1-3) through the control module to complete the fuel supply to the RBCC ram combustion chamber.

9. The fuel supply method for a ram combustion chamber of an RBCC engine according to claim 8, wherein: In Step 2, after the rammed fuel passes through the normal temperature stop valve (2-7), one path directly enters the main injector for injection, and the other paths respectively enter the sub-injectors for injection through multiple high-temperature stop valves (2-8).

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