An ultra-small tri-network base station

Abstract

This application relates to the field of communication technology and discloses an ultra-small tri-network base station, comprising: a baseband processing module that acquires multi-band signals and generates spectrum allocation results; a power amplification module that adjusts output power based on the results through dynamic bias voltage; an antenna module that adjusts antenna extension and mode in combination with power and spectrum parameters; a power management module that generates a composite power supply strategy based on system status; a thermal management module that controls temperature through a variable-speed fan and a diamond heat dissipation layer; and a fault monitoring module that identifies anomalies based on multi-parameter joint decision logic and issues processing instructions. All modules work together to improve system performance and stability. This invention employs a technical solution of close collaboration between the baseband processing module and the power amplification module, achieving efficient spectrum resource allocation and optimized power output, realizing precise power adjustment under different loads, thereby effectively reducing energy consumption and improving the system's power utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to an ultra-small tri-network base station. Background Technology

[0002] In modern society, communication technology is developing rapidly, and various devices are increasingly demanding network signals. Especially in different environments such as cities and rural areas, the dense deployment and efficient operation of base stations are crucial. However, with the continuous miniaturization of communication equipment, traditional large base stations can no longer meet the requirements for flexible deployment, low power consumption, and high performance. Ultra-small base stations, as a new solution, are becoming the mainstream trend in communication infrastructure due to their compact size, low power consumption, and convenient deployment.

[0003] In existing technologies, ultra-small base stations mostly employ fixed spectrum resource allocation and simple power control methods. These systems can typically provide relatively stable signal transmission in specific frequency bands and fixed environments, and the power control and heat dissipation mechanisms can also ensure the normal operation of the base station under normal loads. Existing systems typically utilize a single power supply scheme to ensure the continuous operation of the base station. The heat dissipation section uses a base fan and thermoelectric materials to handle the heat generated by the equipment. These methods are effective under low load and stable environments, enabling the equipment to maintain normal operation.

[0004] However, existing technologies have several significant shortcomings, failing to flexibly respond to changes in network load and environmental fluctuations. First, static spectrum allocation methods struggle to provide efficient resource utilization in dynamic network environments, unable to dynamically optimize based on actual signal demands and interference conditions, leading to spectrum waste or signal attenuation. Second, most existing power regulation technologies employ fixed gain or simple adjustment methods, unable to flexibly address multiple frequency bands and varying power requirements, resulting in equipment overheating or energy waste. Third, traditional heat dissipation solutions typically rely on fixed temperature control strategies, failing to provide sufficient thermal management under heavy equipment loads, easily causing excessively high equipment temperatures and impacting base station performance. Finally, existing power management systems lack the ability to coordinate multiple energy sources, unable to dynamically adjust energy usage based on real-time environmental changes and load demands, resulting in low energy efficiency and increased operating costs. Therefore, those skilled in the art propose an ultra-small triple-network base station to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an ultra-small tri-network base station, which solves problems such as static spectrum resource allocation, inflexible power adjustment, insufficient heat dissipation management, and single power management in existing base station technologies.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ultra-small tri-network base station, comprising:

[0007] The baseband processing module acquires multi-band signal strength in real time through a multi-channel RF receiving unit and generates spectrum allocation results through a dynamic resource allocation algorithm.

[0008] The power amplifier module adjusts the output power parameters based on the spectrum allocation results through a dynamic bias voltage adjustment circuit;

[0009] The antenna module, based on the spectrum allocation results and power output parameters, adjusts the antenna arm extension and retraction amount and antenna operating mode through a stepper motor drive mechanism;

[0010] The power management module generates a composite power supply strategy through a hybrid power supply controller based on the spectrum allocation results, power output parameters, and antenna operating mode.

[0011] The thermal management module, based on the power output parameters, adjusts the working state of the heat sink through a variable speed cooling fan and a diamond thin film heat dissipation layer;

[0012] The fault monitoring module generates anomaly handling instructions through multi-parameter joint decision logic based on the antenna operating mode, heat sink operating status, and spectrum allocation results.

[0013] Preferably, the baseband processing module includes:

[0014] The signal strength of the 700MHz, 2.6GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands is collected simultaneously by a multi-channel radio frequency receiving unit.

[0015] The resource allocation weights for each frequency band are calculated based on the signal strength matrix. An adjustment factor is introduced during the weight calculation to prevent the denominator from being zero.

[0016] Antenna control commands, including frequency band priority and bandwidth percentage, are generated based on resource allocation weights.

[0017] Preferably, the calculation of the resource allocation weights satisfies:

[0018] ;

[0019] in: For the first The current signal strength of each frequency band; As a regulating factor; Indicates the first Resource allocation weights for each frequency band; This represents the total number of frequency bands supported.

[0020] Preferably, the power amplifier module includes:

[0021] In low-frequency mode, switch to Class AB power amplifier circuit; in high-frequency mode, switch to GaN HEMT power amplifier circuit.

[0022] The bias voltage is dynamically adjusted based on the frequency band proportion in the spectrum allocation results, with the voltage adjustment step not exceeding 0.5V;

[0023] The junction temperature of the power amplifier tube is controlled to not exceed 150℃ through a closed-loop temperature feedback system.

[0024] Preferably, the antenna module includes:

[0025] The telescopic parameters in the antenna control command are analyzed, and the stepper motor is driven to adjust the antenna arm length with an accuracy of 0.1mm.

[0026] Switch between omnidirectional radiation mode and directional beamforming mode based on the peak power value in the power output parameters;

[0027] The VSWR change caused by the extension and retraction of the antenna arm is compensated in real time through an impedance matching network.

[0028] Preferably, the extension / retraction adjustment of the antenna arm satisfies:

[0029] ;

[0030] in: Adjusting the target length of the antenna arm; This is the reference length of the antenna arm; Maximum adjustable length; To adjust the sensitivity coefficient; This represents the maximum weight value among all current frequency bands. The preset weight threshold.

[0031] Preferably, the power management module includes:

[0032] Monitor the MPPT output of the solar panel, the temperature difference voltage of the thermoelectric module, and the SOC status of the lithium battery;

[0033] Calculate the energy supply ratio coefficients of solar energy, thermoelectric power, and batteries based on the current total load power.

[0034] In night mode, the thermoelectric module is forced to activate to absorb waste heat from the device itself to generate electricity.

[0035] Preferably, the calculation of the energy supply ratio coefficient satisfies:

[0036] ;

[0037] in: For the first The energy supply weight of each type of energy source; For the first The available power of this energy source; This is the power margin adjustment factor; These represent three energy sources: solar energy, thermoelectric power, and lithium battery.

[0038] Preferably, the thermal management module includes:

[0039] The junction temperature of the power amplifier tube and the surface temperature gradient of the heat sink are collected by an embedded thermistor array.

[0040] When the junction temperature exceeds 120°C, the cooling fan speed is linearly increased to the maximum rated value.

[0041] A silver sintered interface material is placed between the diamond thin film heat dissipation layer and the heat sink substrate to reduce the interface thermal resistance.

[0042] Preferably, the fault monitoring module includes:

[0043] A sliding window variance test is performed on the VSWR parameter, and an antenna fault is determined when the variance exceeds the threshold.

[0044] The power back-off protection mechanism is triggered when the junction temperature rise rate exceeds 5℃ / s.

[0045] When the spectrum allocation result is abnormal, force a switch to the preset emergency frequency band configuration.

[0046] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0047] 1. This invention employs a technical solution of close collaboration between the baseband processing module and the power amplification module, achieving efficient spectrum resource allocation and optimized power output. Compared to existing technologies that rely solely on static spectrum allocation or fixed power output, this invention dynamically adjusts the bias voltage and resource weights to achieve precise power regulation under different loads, thereby effectively reducing energy consumption and improving the system's power utilization efficiency.

[0048] 2. This invention employs an intelligent temperature control and multi-stage heat dissipation mechanism, achieving stable system operation under high load conditions. Compared to traditional heat dissipation solutions, this invention combines a diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer with a variable-speed fan to adjust heat dissipation capacity in real time, effectively preventing system performance degradation due to overheating and significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency and reliability of base station equipment.

[0049] 3. This invention employs a fault monitoring technology based on multi-parameter joint decision logic, achieving efficient and accurate fault detection and recovery capabilities. Compared to existing technologies that rely on a single monitoring parameter for fault judgment, this invention comprehensively considers multiple parameters such as antenna, heat sink, and spectrum allocation, thereby improving fault response speed and ensuring high system availability. It can quickly self-repair when a fault occurs, reducing base station downtime.

[0050] 4. This invention employs a smart energy management scheme using a hybrid power supply controller, achieving the technical effects of low energy consumption and high-efficiency energy utilization. Compared to traditional single-power supply schemes, this invention combines the coordinated operation of multiple energy sources such as solar energy, thermoelectric power, and lithium batteries. It can dynamically adjust energy distribution according to environmental conditions and load demands, reducing energy waste, ensuring the stable operation of the base station, and significantly reducing operating costs. Attached Figure Description

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] Please see the appendix Figure 1 This invention provides an ultra-small tri-network base station, comprising:

[0054] The baseband processing module acquires multi-band signal strength in real time through a multi-channel RF receiving unit and generates spectrum allocation results through a dynamic resource allocation algorithm.

[0055] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station involved in this invention, the baseband processing module, as the starting unit of the core control logic, plays a role in signal reception, channel analysis, spectrum resource allocation, and control command generation. This module is directly connected to the RF receiving front-end and subsequent power amplification, antenna, and power management modules, exhibiting strong correlation and centralized processing logic. Its output spectrum allocation results not only affect power scheduling but also determine the working state of the antenna extension mechanism and the power resource allocation strategy. Therefore, the accuracy, algorithm robustness, and response speed of the baseband processing module are crucial to the stable operation of the entire triple-network base station system.

[0056] In this embodiment, the baseband processing module includes a set of multi-channel radio frequency receiving units, which are used to receive wireless signals from multiple frequency bands in parallel. In practical applications, it can be configured to receive signals from three frequency bands: 700MHz, 2.6GHz, and 3.5GHz. Each receiving channel is equipped with an independent filtering network and a low-noise amplifier to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. Generally, to prevent intermodulation interference, physical isolation structures are designed between the channels, and an asynchronous sampling mechanism is adopted.

[0057] In this embodiment, the signal strength acquisition process employs a combination of synchronous sampling and spectrum estimation. Specifically, the sampling frequency can be set to more than 100 times per second, and each sample contains at least 128 data points. The effective signal power of each frequency band is calculated using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). The signal strength is measured in dBm and sent to the resource allocation algorithm module in vector form.

[0058] In one possible implementation, the baseband processing module integrates a resource allocation unit. This unit calculates the resource weights of each frequency band based on the signal strength of the current band and generates the spectrum allocation result accordingly. The resource allocation algorithm employs a normalized proportional allocation strategy, and its calculation formula is as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] in: Indicates the first The resource allocation weight for each frequency band, in dimensionless units; For the first The current signal strength of each frequency band, in dBm; This represents the total number of supported frequency bands; in this embodiment, the value is 3. To prevent the adjustment factor from having a denominator of zero, it is usually taken as a positive real number. In this embodiment, we select... .

[0061] Alternatively, this resource allocation weight can also be used to calculate band priorities and generate spectrum control instructions with priority fields. These instructions include fields such as band number, allocated bandwidth ratio, interference tolerance threshold, and allocation duration, guiding subsequent modules (such as antenna modules) to complete beam scheduling and carrier resource allocation.

[0062] Specifically, after completing resource allocation, the baseband processing module generates an antenna control signal, which encodes the working weight of the frequency band, the target beam number, and the antenna arm adjustment recommendation value.

[0063] In some embodiments, resource allocation results are not only used for operational instructions in the current period, but can also be stored in a circular buffer for trend analysis and predictive spectrum scheduling. The buffer depth can be set to 5 historical periods, combined with a moving average method to improve the stability of allocation decisions.

[0064] In addition, the baseband processing module supports anomaly monitoring. When the signal strength fluctuates drastically or the signal-to-noise ratio of a certain frequency band is consistently lower than a set value (e.g., -15dB), the module can send a marker signal to the fault monitoring module to help the latter determine whether the communication anomaly is caused by channel degradation.

[0065] As an extension, the resource allocation weighting results can also be input to the bias adjustment circuit of the power amplifier module to automatically adjust the bias voltage of the gain path according to the frequency band weight, ensuring the optimal match between amplifier output linearity and power consumption.

[0066] The power amplifier module adjusts the output power parameters based on the spectrum allocation results through a dynamic bias voltage adjustment circuit;

[0067] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station of this invention, the power amplifier module, as one of the core functional units, directly determines the base station's signal transmission capability and energy efficiency. This module adjusts the operating state of the power amplifier based on the spectrum allocation results generated by the baseband processing module and the required power output parameters, ensuring high-quality signal transmission and efficient energy utilization. Therefore, the design and adjustment strategy of the power amplifier module plays a crucial role in the base station's coverage, stability, and energy consumption control.

[0068] In this embodiment, the power amplifier module controls the output power of the power amplifier through a dynamic bias voltage adjustment circuit. Specifically, the operating state of the power amplifier will differ at different operating frequency bands. For the low-frequency band (e.g., 700MHz), this module uses a Class AB power amplifier circuit, which provides high gain while maintaining low intermodulation distortion, ensuring linear signal transmission; while for the high-frequency band (e.g., 3.5GHz), a GaN HEMT (gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor) power amplifier circuit is used, which has higher frequency response and efficiency, making it suitable for processing high-frequency signals.

[0069] Typically, the bias voltage of a power amplifier module is adjustable from 0V to 3.6V, allowing for power output adjustment across different frequency bands and power requirements. In this embodiment, the bias voltage of the power amplifier is dynamically adjusted based on the proportion of the frequency band in the spectrum allocation results to optimize power output. Specifically, the adjustment of the bias voltage can be expressed by the following formula:

[0070] ;

[0071] in: This indicates the bias voltage of the power amplifier, measured in volts (V). This is the base bias voltage, typically 2.5V; This is an adjustment factor, which depends on the type of power amplifier and the operating frequency band, and is specifically set to 0.3V; The first calculation for the baseband processing module The resource allocation weight for each frequency band is given in dimensionless form.

[0072] In some embodiments, the bias voltage regulation circuit also includes adaptive gain control, which adjusts the gain in real time according to the quality of the output signal. During gain adjustment, the gain coefficient of the power amplifier is adaptively adjusted according to the ratio of output power to input signal (i.e., gain margin). This mechanism ensures that the power amplifier always operates within its optimal linear range under different load conditions, thereby avoiding excessive nonlinear distortion.

[0073] Specifically, the gain adjustment of the power amplifier module follows the formula below:

[0074] ;

[0075] in: This represents the gain of the power amplifier, in dimensionless form. This represents the output power of the power amplifier, measured in watts (W). This represents the input power of the power amplifier, measured in watts (W).

[0076] As an option, the gain adjustment factor Can be used with frequency band weights In conjunction with this, the gain coefficient is dynamically adjusted based on the spectrum allocation results output by the baseband processing module. For example, when the signal is strong in the low-frequency band (such as 700MHz), the gain coefficient is adjusted accordingly. The gain coefficient can be appropriately reduced to avoid nonlinear distortion caused by excessively strong signals; however, when the signal is weak at higher frequencies (such as 3.5 GHz), the gain coefficient can be increased. This will be increased accordingly to improve the signal transmission quality.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the power amplifier module also features temperature feedback regulation, especially under high power output conditions where the power amplifier's temperature may rise rapidly, affecting its stability and efficiency. Therefore, the power amplifier module is equipped with a temperature monitoring circuit. When the junction temperature of the power amplifier exceeds a set threshold (e.g., 150°C), the regulation circuit will reduce the bias voltage or decrease the gain to prevent overheating and damage to the power amplifier.

[0078] In this embodiment, the dynamic adjustment strategy of the power amplifier module not only optimizes power output based on real-time spectrum allocation results, but also features intelligent temperature control to ensure stable operation of the device under different working environments. Through this series of designs, the power amplifier module can efficiently provide the required signal strength while optimizing energy efficiency and reducing system heat loss.

[0079] The antenna module, based on the spectrum allocation results and power output parameters, adjusts the antenna arm extension and retraction and the antenna operating mode through a stepper motor drive mechanism.

[0080] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station of this invention, the antenna module's function is to precisely adjust the antenna's operating mode and beam pointing based on the spectrum allocation results and power output parameters generated by the baseband processing module. This module can dynamically adjust the antenna's extension and angle according to different operational requirements to meet the signal transmission requirements of different frequency bands. The antenna module's design ensures efficient coverage of the base station across multiple frequency bands and directions, while the precise control of the antenna arm's extension and retraction via a stepper motor drive mechanism optimizes the signal radiation pattern.

[0081] In this embodiment, the antenna module includes multiple antenna arms, each of which can independently adjust its length. The extension / retraction of the antenna arms is directly affected by the spectrum allocation results output by the baseband processing module. The baseband processing module generates antenna control signals based on the allocation priority of spectrum resources. These signals contain parameters such as the operating weight of each frequency band, antenna priority, extension / retraction amount, and operating mode. Generally, the antenna module adjusts the extension / retraction of the antenna arms based on these control signals to ensure optimal signal radiation direction and coverage.

[0082] Specifically, the antenna module adjusts the length of the antenna arm via a stepper motor drive mechanism. The adjustment range of the antenna arm... The antenna arm length is determined based on the frequency band weights in the spectrum allocation results. The formula for calculating the antenna arm length is as follows:

[0083] ;

[0084] in: The target length for adjusting the antenna arm is shown in cm. This is the reference length for the antenna arm, ranging from 10cm to 15cm. The maximum adjustable length is set to 3cm; To adjust the sensitivity coefficient, a value of 0.5 is used in this embodiment; This is the maximum weight value among all current frequency bands, ranging from 0 to 1; The preset weight threshold is 0.6 in this embodiment.

[0085] In some embodiments, the antenna module further adjusts its operating mode based on power output parameters. Specifically, when the power output is low, the antenna module can optimize signal coverage by adjusting the antenna's radiation mode (such as omnidirectional radiation mode or directional beamforming mode). For example, when the signal is strong in the low-frequency band (such as 700MHz), the antenna can choose omnidirectional radiation mode to extend the coverage area; while when the signal is weak in the high-frequency band (such as 3.5GHz), the antenna can choose directional beamforming mode to concentrate energy and improve signal strength.

[0086] Alternatively, the antenna module also includes an impedance matching network to compensate for changes in VSWR caused by antenna arm extension and retraction in real time. Specifically, antenna adjustment can cause small changes in antenna impedance, which in turn affect radiation efficiency. The impedance matching network dynamically corrects the impedance by adjusting the current path and capacitance value, ensuring the antenna always operates in an optimal impedance-matched state, thereby guaranteeing maximum signal radiation efficiency.

[0087] Furthermore, the antenna module also features adaptive beamforming capabilities. When the spectrum allocation results output by the baseband processing module indicate that a certain frequency band requires higher signal quality, the antenna module will adjust the direction and shape of the beam according to the weight of that frequency band. This process uses a stepper motor to control the precise position of the antenna arm, ensuring that the signal is concentrated in the specified direction or area.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the antenna module's beam control capability combines antenna arm extension and retraction adjustment with phase control technology. Phase control can further precisely adjust the antenna's radiation pattern, improve beamforming accuracy, and optimize the base station's quality of service and coverage.

[0089] The power management module generates a composite power supply strategy through a hybrid power supply controller based on the spectrum allocation results, power output parameters, and antenna operating mode.

[0090] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station of this invention, the power management module is one of the core components of the system. Its main task is to generate a composite power supply strategy and realize dynamic energy scheduling based on the spectrum allocation results, power output parameters, and antenna module operating modes provided by the baseband processing module. The power management module not only needs to ensure the stable operation of the base station but also optimize energy utilization efficiency, ensuring that the system can intelligently and balancedly allocate energy under different loads. The design of this module considers the coordinated operation of multiple energy sources (such as solar energy, thermoelectric power, and traditional power sources) to achieve the goal of low energy consumption and high-efficiency energy utilization.

[0091] In this embodiment, the power management module includes a hybrid power supply controller. This controller is responsible for receiving operating status information from the baseband processing module, power amplification module, and antenna module. It then combines this information with current load requirements and environmental conditions (such as the solar panel's light intensity and the temperature difference of the thermoelectric module) to generate a dynamic hybrid power supply strategy. Specifically, the power management module adjusts the usage ratio of each energy source based on their availability to achieve optimal energy allocation.

[0092] Generally, the power management module operates as follows: First, the system determines the total power requirement based on the spectrum allocation results provided by the baseband processing module. Then, the system determines the power output of each energy source through the hybrid power controller and dynamically adjusts the energy allocation strategy based on environmental conditions (such as the output power of solar panels and the state of charge (SOC) of lithium batteries). Specifically, the system calculates the power supply ratio of each energy source using the following formula:

[0093] ;

[0094] in: For the first The energy supply weight of each type of energy source, in dimensionless units; For the first The available power of a type of energy source, measured in watts (W). This is the power margin adjustment factor, typically set to 5W; These represent three energy sources: solar energy, thermoelectric power, and lithium battery.

[0095] Specifically, if the system detects good sunlight conditions on the solar panels, the power management module will prioritize increasing the proportion of solar power supply and reducing battery usage. Conversely, when sunlight is insufficient, it will increase the proportion of battery power supply and adjust the output of the thermoelectric module as needed. Alternatively, if the system detects a night mode or completely insufficient sunlight, the power management module will force the thermoelectric module to activate, generating electricity using waste heat from the equipment to ensure the normal operation of the base station.

[0096] In addition, the power management module also features adaptive load regulation. When the system load changes significantly, the power management module dynamically adjusts the proportion of each energy source according to the changes in load demand. For example, under high load, the system increases the proportion of power supplied from the thermoelectric module and lithium battery to meet short-term high-power demands; while under low load, it can prioritize the cooperation of solar energy and the thermoelectric module to reduce energy consumption.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the power management module also includes real-time monitoring of each energy source. For example, the system monitors the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) output voltage and current of the solar panel in real time to ensure that the solar module's power output is always at its maximum power point. Specifically, the system calculates the maximum power output of the solar panel using the following formula:

[0098] ;

[0099] in: The output power of the solar panel is expressed in watts (W). This is the output voltage of the solar panel, measured in volts (V). This represents the output current of the solar panel, measured in amperes (A).

[0100] When light intensity is high, the system prioritizes power output to power the base station and reduces reliance on other energy sources. When light is insufficient, the system automatically adjusts battery power supply through a hybrid power controller and activates the thermoelectric module to supplement power as needed.

[0101] In addition, the power management module also features a load priority allocation mechanism. When the system load is high, the power management module prioritizes powering critical modules (such as the baseband processing module, power amplifier module, and antenna module), followed by auxiliary modules (such as the fault monitoring module and thermal management module). This priority allocation ensures efficient system operation while preventing critical modules from malfunctioning due to power shortages.

[0102] The thermal management module adjusts the heat sink's operating status based on power output parameters through a variable-speed cooling fan and a diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer;

[0103] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station of this invention, the design of the thermal management module is crucial. It is primarily responsible for adjusting the heat distribution within the system based on power output parameters to prevent overheating. Since the power amplifier module and other critical modules generate significant heat during high-power transmission, an effective thermal management system is necessary to ensure the stable operation of the base station under various load conditions. The thermal management module, through the coordinated operation of a variable-speed cooling fan and a diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer, precisely adjusts the system's heat dissipation performance to maintain the equipment temperature within a safe operating range, ensuring the long-term reliability of the system.

[0104] In this embodiment, the thermal management module includes a variable-speed cooling fan and a diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer. The cooling fan can dynamically adjust its speed according to the current power output and device temperature to achieve rapid heat dissipation. Specifically, the cooling fan speed control is closely related to the power output parameters. Generally, the higher the power output, the greater the heat generated by the device, and the higher the cooling fan speed will be. The cooling fan speed adjustment is based on the following formula:

[0105] ;

[0106] in: This refers to the rotational speed of the cooling fan, measured in revolutions per minute (RPM). The base speed is typically set at 500 RPM; The adjustment factor is set to 10 RPM / W. This represents the output power of the power amplifier module, measured in watts (W).

[0107] By adjusting the speed of the cooling fan, the system can dynamically adjust its heat dissipation capacity according to changes in actual power output, ensuring that the equipment temperature is controlled within a suitable range. Specifically, when the power output increases, the speed of the cooling fan will increase accordingly. The increased speed helps to improve the airflow of the fan, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect and preventing the equipment from overheating.

[0108] As an alternative, the thermal management module also integrates a diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer. Diamond films have extremely high thermal conductivity (approximately 2000 W / m·K), enabling rapid heat transfer from critical components (such as power amplifier modules) to the heat sink surface. By increasing the thermal conductivity area, the diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer improves heat dissipation efficiency, effectively reducing heat buildup in the device, especially under high-power transmission conditions.

[0109] Specifically, the working principle of the diamond thin-film heat dissipation layer is based on its ultra-high thermal conductivity. Heat is rapidly conducted through the diamond thin film to the surface of the heat sink, and then dissipated into the environment by the cooling fan. To ensure the efficient operation of the heat dissipation layer, a silver sintered material is typically used between the diamond thin film and the heat sink substrate to reduce thermal resistance and enhance heat flow. The heat flow calculation for this process can be expressed by the following formula:

[0110] ;

[0111] in: Heat transfer rate, measured in watts (W). The temperature of the heat source is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). The temperature of the cooled surface is expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). Thermal resistance, measured in K / W.

[0112] In this formula, the thermal resistance of the diamond film The heat is relatively small, so it can be quickly transferred to the radiator, ensuring that the temperature of the equipment is maintained within a safe range.

[0113] Specifically, at higher power outputs, diamond films can significantly improve heat dissipation. Working in conjunction with a cooling fan, diamond films can effectively control the operating temperature of the device below 150°C, preventing power loss or equipment damage due to overheating.

[0114] As an extension, the thermal management module can also monitor the system temperature in real time via a temperature sensor and adjust accordingly based on the operating status of the cooling fan and the diamond film heat dissipation layer. When the system temperature exceeds a certain set threshold (e.g., 85°C), the module can automatically trigger the high-speed mode of the cooling fan and activate more heat-conducting materials to rapidly reduce the temperature.

[0115] The fault monitoring module generates anomaly handling instructions through multi-parameter joint decision logic based on antenna operating mode, heat sink operating status, and spectrum allocation results.

[0116] Specifically, in the ultra-small triple-network base station of this invention, the fault monitoring module is mainly responsible for detecting the working status of each module of the system and providing processing instructions when an anomaly is detected. This module, through real-time monitoring and analysis of multiple parameters such as antenna operating mode, heat sink operating status, and spectrum allocation results, can promptly identify potential fault risks and issue alarms or execute automatic adjustment measures. The operation of the fault monitoring module ensures the high availability of the base station system and can quickly restore normal operation in the event of a fault, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the base station.

[0117] In this embodiment, the fault monitoring module uses multi-parameter joint decision logic to determine whether a system fault exists. Specifically, the module monitors the antenna's operating status in real time, including parameters such as antenna extension and beam direction, combined with the heat sink's operating status (e.g., fan speed, temperature), and the spectrum allocation results output by the baseband processing module. Through comprehensive analysis of these key parameters, the fault monitoring module can determine whether the system is in normal working condition and generate corresponding fault handling instructions in a timely manner when an anomaly occurs.

[0118] Specifically, monitoring the antenna's operational status includes real-time detection of the antenna arm's extension and retraction, comparing this with the spectrum allocation results from the baseband processing module. If there is a significant deviation between the antenna extension / retraction and the spectrum allocation results (e.g., the extension / retraction exceeds a set range, causing a shift in the antenna's radiation direction or beam), the fault monitoring module will consider the antenna faulty and trigger the fault handling procedure. The antenna fault determination is based on the following formula:

[0119] ;

[0120] in: This is the difference between the current extension / retraction of the antenna arm and the expected extension / retraction, expressed in centimeters (cm). This represents the current extension or retraction of the antenna arm, in centimeters (cm). The expected antenna stretch is calculated based on the spectrum allocation results and resource weights, in centimeters (cm).

[0121] when When the threshold is exceeded (for example, the threshold is 0.5cm), the fault monitoring module will consider the antenna to be faulty and trigger the corresponding abnormal handling instruction through logical judgment.

[0122] Alternatively, the fault monitoring module also considers the heatsink's operating status to determine if a system fault has occurred. When the power amplifier module operates at high power, the heatsink needs to dissipate heat efficiently. If the heatsink temperature is too high or the fan speed is too low, it may cause the system to overheat, thus affecting the base station's stability. Specifically, the monitoring of the heatsink temperature and the control of the fan speed can be determined using the following formula:

[0123] ;

[0124] in: This represents the temperature difference required for the current fan speed, expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). This is the current temperature of the radiator, in degrees Celsius (°C). The set safe temperature threshold (e.g., 80°C).

[0125] When the heatsink temperature When the set threshold is exceeded, the fault monitoring module will determine that the system may be overheating and trigger an emergency cooling mechanism, such as increasing the fan speed or starting the backup cooling system.

[0126] In another possible implementation, the fault monitoring module also analyzes the spectrum allocation results output by the baseband processing module. Abnormal spectrum resource allocation or low signal quality in certain frequency bands can lead to unstable signal transmission, thus affecting the normal operation of the base station. For example, if the baseband processing module detects that the signal strength of a certain frequency band is consistently below a set value, the fault monitoring module will determine that a fault has occurred in that frequency band using joint decision logic. The determination of spectrum anomalies can be expressed by the following formula:

[0127] ;

[0128] in: This is a fault diagnosis indicator, measured in dBm. For the first The actual measured signal strength of each frequency band is expressed in dBm. For the first Preset signal strength thresholds for each frequency band, in dBm; This refers to the number of frequency bands.

[0129] when When the preset fault threshold is exceeded, the fault monitoring module will trigger relevant fault commands and notify other modules through the system to perform fault recovery.

[0130] In addition, the fault monitoring module can work in conjunction with the power management module. When the power management module detects insufficient power supply or that the battery level is below a set threshold, the fault monitoring module will determine it as a power failure and issue an emergency adjustment command according to a predetermined strategy, such as switching to a backup power source or reducing power output.

[0131] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An ultra-small tri-network base station, characterized in that, include: The baseband processing module acquires multi-band signal strength in real time through a multi-channel RF receiving unit and generates spectrum allocation results through a dynamic resource allocation algorithm. The power amplifier module adjusts the output power parameters based on the spectrum allocation results through a dynamic bias voltage adjustment circuit; The antenna module, based on the spectrum allocation results and power output parameters, adjusts the antenna arm extension and retraction amount and antenna operating mode through a stepper motor drive mechanism; The antenna module includes: The telescopic parameters in the antenna control command are analyzed, and the stepper motor is driven to adjust the antenna arm length with an accuracy of 0.1mm. Switch between omnidirectional radiation mode and directional beamforming mode based on the peak power value in the power output parameters; The VSWR change caused by the extension and retraction of the antenna arm is compensated in real time by impedance matching network. The extension / retraction adjustment of the antenna arm satisfies: ； in: Adjusting the target length of the antenna arm; This is the reference length of the antenna arm; Maximum adjustable length; To adjust the sensitivity coefficient; This represents the maximum weight value among all current frequency bands. The preset weight threshold; The power management module generates a composite power supply strategy through a hybrid power supply controller based on the spectrum allocation results, power output parameters, and antenna operating mode. The thermal management module, based on the power output parameters, adjusts the working state of the heat sink through a variable speed cooling fan and a diamond thin film heat dissipation layer; The fault monitoring module generates anomaly handling instructions through multi-parameter joint decision logic based on the antenna operating mode, heat sink operating status, and spectrum allocation results. The fault monitoring module includes: A sliding window variance test is performed on the VSWR parameter, and an antenna fault is determined when the variance exceeds the threshold. The power back-off protection mechanism is triggered when the junction temperature rise rate exceeds 5℃ / s. When the spectrum allocation result is abnormal, force a switch to the preset emergency frequency band configuration.

2. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baseband processing module includes: The signal strength of the 700MHz, 2.6GHz and 3.5GHz frequency bands is collected simultaneously by a multi-channel radio frequency receiving unit. The resource allocation weights for each frequency band are calculated based on the signal strength matrix. An adjustment factor is introduced during the weight calculation to prevent the denominator from being zero. Antenna control commands, including frequency band priority and bandwidth percentage, are generated based on resource allocation weights.

3. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 2, characterized in that, The calculation of the resource allocation weights satisfies: ； in: For the first The current signal strength of each frequency band; As a regulating factor; Indicates the first Resource allocation weights for each frequency band; This represents the total number of frequency bands supported.

4. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power amplifier module includes: In low-frequency mode, switch to Class AB power amplifier circuit; in high-frequency mode, switch to GaN HEMT power amplifier circuit. The bias voltage is dynamically adjusted based on the frequency band proportion in the spectrum allocation results, with the voltage adjustment step not exceeding 0.5V; The junction temperature of the power amplifier tube is controlled to not exceed 150℃ through a closed-loop temperature feedback system.

5. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes: Monitor the MPPT output of the solar panel, the temperature difference voltage of the thermoelectric module, and the SOC status of the lithium battery; Calculate the energy supply ratio coefficients of solar energy, thermoelectric power, and batteries based on the current total load power. In night mode, the thermoelectric module is forced to activate to absorb waste heat from the device itself to generate electricity.

6. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 5, characterized in that, The calculation of the energy supply ratio coefficient satisfies: ； in: For the first The energy supply weight of each type of energy source; For the first The available power of this energy source; This is the power margin adjustment factor; These represent three energy sources: solar energy, thermoelectric power, and lithium battery.

7. The ultra-small triple-network base station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management module includes: The junction temperature of the power amplifier tube and the surface temperature gradient of the heat sink are collected by an embedded thermistor array. When the junction temperature exceeds 120°C, the cooling fan speed is linearly increased to the maximum rated value. A silver sintered interface material is placed between the diamond thin film heat dissipation layer and the heat sink substrate to reduce the interface thermal resistance.

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