Channel state feedback reporting during beam refinement

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may perform a beam refinement procedure on a first set of beams and a second set of beams. The first set of beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) of a serving cell, and the second set of beams corresponds to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell. The UE may transmit a message indicating channel state feedback (CSF) including a first power metric for the first set of SSBs or both the first power metric and a second power metric for the second set of SSBs. The power metric included in the CSF may be based on a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs or the second power metric satisfying a threshold.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference

[0002] This patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 083,266, titled "CHANNEL STATE FEEDBACK REPORTING DURING BEAM REFINEMENT", filed on Dec. 16, 2022, by Nattha et al., which is assigned to the assignee of the present application and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Field of the Invention

[0003] The following relates to wireless communications, including channel state feedback (CSF) reporting during beam refinement. Background of the Invention

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcasting, and so on. These systems may be capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multi-access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long-Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ techniques such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multi-access communication system may include one or more base stations, each of which supports wireless communication of communication devices, which may be referred to as user equipment (UE).

[0005] In some wireless communication systems, beam switching may be performed using measurements executed by a UE. However, in some examples, different measurements may be performed using different beam widths (e.g., due to ongoing beam refinement), which may result in different measurement results. Therefore, beam switching based on such measurement results may sometimes lead to increased latency and unnecessary or delayed beam switching. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting channel state feedback (CSF) reporting during beam refinement. Generally speaking, the described techniques allow a user equipment (UE) to use the beam refinement state to determine whether to report the reference signal received power (RSRP) measurements of adjacent synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) to a network entity. For example, if the beam refinement state of the corresponding beam for an adjacent SSB and the beam refinement state of the corresponding beam for the serving SSB have reached a certain refinement state, the UE may report the RSRP measurement of the adjacent SSB. Alternatively, if the serving beam has reached the refinement state and the RSRP measurement of the adjacent SSB meets a threshold RSRP, the RSRP measurement of the adjacent SSB may be reported. Thus, controls and rules can be used to determine when to report an adjacent SSB as part of a CSF report during ongoing beam refinement, which can prevent or avoid premature beam switching and late beam switching, and further maintain the communication efficiency between the UE and the network entity.

[0007] A method for wireless communication at a UE is described. The method may include: performing respective beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of SSBs of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs are based on the respective beam refinement processes; performing measurements on the first set of SSBs and the second set of SSBs, wherein a first power metric of the first set of SSBs and a second power metric of the second set of SSBs are based on the measurements; and transmitting a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold.

[0008] A device for wireless communication at a UE is described. The device may include a processor, a memory coupled to the processor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions may be executable by the processor to cause the device to: perform respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of SSBs of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs are based on the respective beam refinement procedures; perform measurements on the first set of SSBs and the second set of SSBs, wherein a first power metric of the first set of SSBs and a second power metric of the second set of SSBs are based on the measurements; and transmit a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0009] Another device for wireless communication at a UE is described. The device may include: means for performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of SSBs of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs are based on the respective beam refinement procedures; means for performing measurements on the first set of SSBs and the second set of SSBs, wherein a first power metric of the first set of SSBs and a second power metric of the second set of SSBs are based on the measurements; and means for transmitting a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: performing a respective beam refinement process on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of SSBs of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs are based on the respective beam refinement processes; performing measurements on the first set of SSBs and the second set of SSBs, wherein a first power metric of the first set of SSBs and a second power metric of the second set of SSBs are based on the measurements; and sending a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric satisfying a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0011] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for the following operations: determining that a first readiness indicator for a first set of SSBs may be true based on a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs; and determining that a second readiness indicator for a second set of SSBs may be true based on a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs, wherein based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0012] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, based on the first refinement state of the first set of SSBs including an end-of-refinement state, the first readiness indicator may be true; and based on the second refinement state of the second set of SSBs including an end-of-refinement state, the second readiness indicator may be true.

[0013] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the end-of-refinement state may be associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for the following operations: determining that a first readiness indicator for a first set of SSBs may be true based on a first refinement state of the first set of SSBs; and determining that the second power metric satisfies a threshold, wherein based on the first readiness indicator for the first set of SSBs being true and the second power metric satisfying the threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0015] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the threshold includes the sum of the first power metric and a hysteresis value.

[0016] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: generating a hysteresis value based on whether a CSF of a second set of SSBs has been previously reported.

[0017] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for the following action: reducing the hysteresis value based on a previously reported CSF of a second set of SSBs.

[0018] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: increasing the hysteresis value based on a CSF of a second set of SSBs being excluded from a previous report.

[0019] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: receiving a control message indicating a configuration for performing measurements on a first set of SSBs and a second set of SSBs, where the configuration indicates a first number of measurement occasions that satisfy a threshold number of measurement occasions, the first number of measurement occasions being based on the UE operating in a discontinuous reception mode and a first refinement state or a second refinement state or both.

[0020] Some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for: determining that a readiness indicator for a second set of SSBs may be false based on a second refinement state; and determining that a second power metric fails to meet a threshold, where based on the readiness indicator for the second set of SSBs being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold, the CSF includes a first power metric.

[0021] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, based on one or more directional beams being at a beam level that may be less than a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include an in-progress refinement state.

[0022] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, based on a set of multiple attempts to refine at least one directional beam to a threshold beam level failing, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement failure state.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, based on the duration for refining at least one directional beam exceeding a threshold duration, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement timeout state.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, based on refining one or more directional beams to a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement success state.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first power metric includes a first RSRP, and the second power metric includes a second RSRP.

[0026] In some examples of the methods, apparatuses, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first set of SSBs includes a set of serving SSBs, and the second set of SSBs includes a set of neighboring SSBs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Examples of wireless communication systems that support channel state feedback (CSF) reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0028] Figure 2 Examples of wireless communication systems that support CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0029] Figure 3 Examples of process flows that support CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0030] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A block diagram of a device that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0031] Figure 6 A block diagram of a communication manager that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0032] Figure 7 A diagram of a system that includes a device that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] Figures 8 to 11 A flowchart of a method that illustrates a channel state feedback report during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In some wireless communication systems, a User Equipment (UE) may send a Channel State Feedback (CSF) message to another wireless device such as a network entity. The CSF message may include Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) measurements of one or more Synchronization Signal Blocks (SSBs). The SSBs may include the SSBs of the serving cell, including the serving SSB and adjacent SSBs, each corresponding to a respective transmission beam (e.g., a directional beam) used by the network entity for the transmission of the SSB. Additionally, the UE may use a set of receive beams (e.g., directional beams) to perform measurements on the received SSBs, where the receive beams of the UE may correspond to one or more of the transmission beams of the network entity. Thus, the UE may use a certain number of corresponding beams to perform RSRP measurements on multiple SSBs, and the beams of the UE may be refined via various beam refinement processes, e.g., to achieve relatively narrow beams. Thus, the beams used for initial measurements (e.g., before additional beam refinement) may be relatively wide beams, while other beams may be relatively narrow beams based on the state or progress of the respective beam refinement processes. In any case, when measuring an SSB, the relative width (e.g., narrow, wide) of a particular beam may correspond to (e.g., result in) different measurement results.

[0035] The UE may send a CSF message including RSRP values to the network entity, and the network entity may trigger beam switching based on the RSRP values included in the CSF message. However, in some cases, the RSRP measurements of different SSBs (and different beams) may be relatively inaccurate because the UE may use different levels of beams (e.g., narrow beams vs. wide beams) to measure the SSBs. For example, in a case where the serving SSB is measured using a relatively wide beam and an adjacent SSB is measured using a relatively narrow beam, the measurement result obtained due to the attributes of the relatively narrow beam may unnecessarily trigger beam switching (e.g., the serving SSB measured using a narrow beam (instead of a wide beam) may provide a higher RSRP value relative to the adjacent SSB). In other cases, a serving SSB measured using a relatively narrow beam and an adjacent SSB measured using a relatively wide beam may result in beam switching delay while performing beam refinement to obtain a narrower beam level for measuring the adjacent SSB (e.g., potentially delaying beam switching that may occur earlier). Thus, the measurements made on the CSF and beam management processes while beam refinement is in progress may result in unnecessary (e.g., premature) or delayed beam switching and increase latency, etc.

[0036] The techniques, systems, and devices described herein enable a UE to use beam refinement states to determine whether to report RSRP measurements of neighboring SSBs. For example, if the beam refinement states of the corresponding beams for a neighboring SSB and the corresponding beams for the serving SSB have reached an end refinement state, the RSRP measurements of the neighboring SSB can be reported to a network entity as part of a CSF message. The end refinement state can indicate that the beam refinement of the corresponding beam has been successful (e.g., the UE has reached the relatively narrowest beam level), the refinement has failed (e.g., the UE has not reached the relatively narrowest beam level), or the refinement has timed out (e.g., the UE has exceeded a threshold duration). Alternatively, if the corresponding beam of the serving SSB has reached an end refinement state and the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB meets a threshold RSRP measurement associated with the RSRP measurement of the serving SSB, the RSRP of the neighboring SSB can be reported. Here, the threshold RSRP measurement can be equal to the sum of the RSRP measurement of the serving SSB and a hysteresis value, where the hysteresis value can be adjusted based on whether the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB has been reported previously (e.g., in a previous CSF report). Thus, the described techniques can provide additional control and rules for reporting neighboring SSBs during ongoing beam refinement, which can reduce the latency of the beam switching process and improve communication efficiency.

[0037] Aspects of the present disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described by and with reference to process flows. Aspects of the present disclosure are further illustrated and described by and with reference to apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts related to channel state feedback (CSF) reporting during beam refinement.

[0038] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. The wireless communication system 100 can include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating according to other systems and radio technologies including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0039] Network entity 105 can be dispersed across a geographical area to form a wireless communication system 100, and can include devices in different forms or with different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 can be referred to as a network element, a mobility element, a radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, among other names. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 can communicate wirelessly via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 can support a coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 can establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 can be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 can support signal communication according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0040] UE 115 can be dispersed across the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be a device in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UEs 115 are illustrated. The UEs 115 described herein may be capable of supporting communication with various types of devices such as Figure 1 the other UEs 115 or network entities 105 as shown.

[0041] As described herein, a node of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as a network node or a wireless node) can be a network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), a UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), a network controller, a device, an equipment, a computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, the node can be the UE 115. As another example, the node can be the network entity 105. As yet another example, a first node can be configured to communicate with a second node or a third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node can be the UE 115, the second node can be the network entity 105, and the third node can be the UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node can be the UE 115, the second node can be the network entity 105, and the third node can be the network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node can be different from these examples. Similarly, references to the UE 115, the network entity 105, the device, the equipment, the computing system, etc. can include the disclosure of the UE 115, the network entity 105, the device, the equipment, the computing system, etc. as nodes. For example, the disclosure that the UE 115 is configured to receive information from the network entity 105 also discloses that the first node is configured to receive information from the second node.

[0042] In some examples, the network entity 105 can communicate with the core network 130, or with each other, or both. For example, the network entity 105 can communicate with the core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to the S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entity 105 can communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between the network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via the core network 130) via the backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to the X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, the network entity 105 can communicate with each other via the midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to the midhaul interface protocol) or the fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to the fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link 120, the midhaul communication link 162, or the fronthaul communication link 168 can be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, optical fiber links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc. or various combinations thereof. The UE 115 can communicate with the core network 130 via the communication link 155.

[0043] One or more of the network entities 105 described herein may include or may be referred to as a base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, Node B, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation Node B or giga Node B (either of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home Node B, home evolved Node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an integrated (e.g., monolithic, stand-alone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0044] In some examples, the network entity 105 may be implemented in a disaggregated architecture (e.g., disaggregated base station architecture, disaggregated RAN architecture) that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack physically or logically distributed between two or more network entities 105 (such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN))). For example, the network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near-real-time RIC (near-RT RIC), a non-real-time RIC (non-RT RIC)), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. The RU 170 may also be referred to as a radio head, an intelligent radio head, a remote radio head (RRH), a remote radio unit (RRU), or a transmit receive point (TRP). One or more components of the network entity 105 in a disaggregated RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of the network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 of a disaggregated RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., a virtual CU (VCU), a virtual DU (VDU), a virtual RU (VRU)).

[0045] The functional split between the CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functions, depending on which functions are performed at the CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170 (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof). For example, a functional split of the protocol stack can be employed between the CU 160 and the DU 165 such that the CU 160 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the DU 165 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, the CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., layer 3 (L3), layer 2 (L2)) functions and signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC), service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)). The CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165s or RU 170s, and one or more DU 165s or RU 170s can host lower protocol layers, such as layer 1 (L1) (e.g., physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., radio link control (RLC) layer, medium access control (MAC) layer) functions and signaling, and can each be at least partially controlled by the CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a functional split of the protocol stack can be employed between the DU 165 and the RU 170 such that the DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack and the RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. The DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170s). In some cases, the functional split between the CU 160 and the DU 165 or between the DU 165 and the RU 170 can be within a protocol layer (e.g., some functions of a protocol layer can be performed by one of the CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of that protocol layer are performed by a different one of the CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). The CU 160 can be further functionally split into a CU control plane (CU-CP) and a CU user plane (CU-UP) function. The CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165s via an intermediate transport communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and the DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170s via a fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the intermediate transport communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 can be implemented according to the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by the corresponding network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0046] In some wireless communication systems (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access may support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to the core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DUs 165 or one or more RUs 170 may be partially controlled by one or more CUs 160 associated with the donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB nodes 104) via the supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). The IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by the DU 165 of the coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with the UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., of the RU 170) of the IAB node 104 for access via the DU 165 of the IAB node 104 (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, the IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB nodes 104, UEs 115) within the relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the split RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of the IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0047] For example, the access network (AN) or RAN may include communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), an IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate the connection between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, the IAB donor may refer to a RAN node having a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and an RU 170), in which case the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and the IAB node 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol that defines signaling messages (e.g., the F1 AP protocol). Additionally or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface (which may be an example of a part of the backhaul link), and may communicate with other CUs 160 (e.g., CUs 160 associated with alternative IAB donors) via an Xn-C interface (which may be an example of a part of the backhaul link).

[0048] The IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UEs 115, wireless self-backhaul capabilities, etc.). The DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node towards the child nodes associated with the IAB node 104, and the IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node towards the parent node associated with the IAB node 104. That is, the IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node that communicates with one or more child nodes (e.g., the IAB donor may relay the transmissions of UEs through one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, depending on the relay chain or configuration of the AN, the IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent node or a child node of other IAB nodes 104. Thus, the IAB-MT entity of the IAB node 104 may provide a Uu interface for a child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from a parent IAB node 104, and a DU interface (e.g., the DU 165) may provide a Uu interface for a parent IAB node 104 to signal to a child IAB node 104 or a UE 115.

[0049] For example, the IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node that supports communication for a sub-IAB node or as a sub-IAB node associated with an IAB donor or both. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130 (e.g., a fronthaul communication link 120) and may act as the parent node of the IAB node 104. For example, the DU 165 of the IAB donor may relay transmissions to the UE 115 via the IAB node 104, or may signal transmissions directly to the UE 115, or both. The CU 160 of the IAB donor may signal the communication link establishment to the IAB node 104 via the F1 interface, and the IAB node 104 may schedule transmissions (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to the UE 115) via the DU 165. That is, data may be relayed to and from the IAB node 104 via signaling over the NR Uu interface to the MT of the IAB node 104. Communication with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communication with the IAB node 104 may be scheduled by the DU 165 of the IAB node 104.

[0050] In cases where the techniques described herein are applied in the context of a split RAN architecture, one or more components of the split RAN architecture may be configured to support CSF reporting during beam refinement as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by the UE 115 or the network entity 105 (e.g., the base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the split RAN architecture (e.g., the IAB node 104, the DU 165, the CU 160, the RU 170, the RIC 175, the SMO 180).

[0051] The UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a handheld device, or a subscriber device, or some other suitable term, where "device" may also be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, etc. The UE 115 may also include or may be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a tablet computer, a laptop computer, or a personal computer. In some examples, the UE 115 may include or may be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, an Internet of Things (IoT) device, an Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or a machine type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0052] The UE 115 described herein may be capable of communicating with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that may sometimes act as relays, as well as network entities 105 and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc., asFigure 1 as shown

[0053] UE 115 and network entity 105 may wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" may refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion (e.g., bandwidth part (BWP)) of an RF spectrum band operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling for coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 may support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. According to a carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 may be configured with multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation may be used for both frequency division duplex (FDD) and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices may refer to communication between these devices and any part (e.g., entity, sub-entity) of network entity 105. For example, the terms "transmit", "receive", or "communicate" when referring to network entity 105 may refer to any part of network entity 105 of the RAN (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0054] In some examples, such as in a carrier aggregation configuration, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling for coordinating the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., evolved universal mobile telecommunications system terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) absolute RF channel number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel raster for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in an independent mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection may be performed by UE 115 via the carrier, or a carrier may operate in a non-independent mode, in which case a different carrier (e.g., of the same or a different radio access technology) is used to anchor the connection.

[0055] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include a downlink transmission (e.g., forward link transmission) from the network entity 105 to the UE 115, an uplink transmission (e.g., reverse link transmission) from the UE 115 to the network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink communication and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0056] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the "system bandwidth" of the carrier or the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one of a set of bandwidths of carriers of a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 megahertz (MHz), 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., the network entity 105, the UE 115, or both) may have a hardware configuration that supports communication using a particular carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication using one of a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include a network entity 105 or a UE 115 that supports concurrent communication using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., a subband, a BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0057] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include a plurality of subcarriers (e.g., using a multicarrier modulation (MCM) technique such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing an MCM technique, a resource element may refer to the resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and the subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., during the transmission duration) and a relatively high order of the modulation scheme may correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, time resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity for communication with the UE 115.

[0058] One or more parameter sets for a carrier are supported, and the parameter sets may include subcarrier spacing (Δf) and cyclic prefix. The carrier may be divided into one or more BWPs having the same or different parameter sets. In some examples, UE 115 may be configured with multiple BWPs. In some examples, a single BWP of a carrier may be active at a given time, and the communication of UE 115 may be restricted to one or more active BWPs.

[0059] A time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, which may refer to, for example, the sampling period T s = 1 / (Δf max ·N f ) seconds, where Δf max may represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and N f may represent the supported discrete Fourier transform (DFT) size. The time intervals of communication resources may be organized according to radio frames each having a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame may be identified by a system frame number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0060] Each frame may include a plurality of consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may be divided (e.g., in the time domain) into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a certain number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a certain number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, a time slot may be further divided into a plurality of mini - slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., N f ones) sampling periods. The duration of a symbol period may depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0061] A subframe, time slot, mini - slot or symbol may be the smallest scheduling unit of wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain), and may be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the TTI duration (e.g., the number of symbol periods in a TTI) may be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of wireless communication system 100 may be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0062] According to various techniques, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. For example, one or more of time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques, frequency division multiplexing (FDM) techniques, or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region of a physical control channel (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) can be defined by a set of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of the system bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more of the UEs 115 can monitor or search a control region for control information according to one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a cascaded manner. The aggregation level of a control channel candidate can refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCE)) associated with the coded information for a control information format with a given payload size. The search space set can include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set for transmitting control information to a specific UE 115.

[0063] The network entity 105 can provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells or any combination thereof). The term "cell" can refer to a logical communication entity for communicating with the network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and can be associated with an identifier for distinguishing adjacent cells (e.g., physical cell identifier (PCID), virtual cell identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some examples, a cell can also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of the coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) within which the logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors (such as the capabilities of the network entity 105), the scope of such cells can range from a smaller area (e.g., a structure, a subset of a structure) to a larger area. For example, a cell can be or can include a building, a subset of a building, or an external space between or overlapping with the coverage areas 110, etc.

[0064] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., with a radius of several kilometers) and may allow unrestricted access to UEs 115 having a service subscription with the network provider supporting the macro cell. Compared to macro cells, small cells may be associated with lower-power network entities 105 (e.g., lower-power base stations 140), and small cells may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UEs 115 having a service subscription with the network provider, or may provide restricted access to UEs 115 associated with the small cell (e.g., UEs 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), UEs 115 associated with users in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also support communication via one or more cells using one or more component carriers.

[0065] In some examples, a carrier may support multiple cells and may be configured with different cells according to different protocol types (e.g., MTC, narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB)) that may provide access for different types of devices.

[0066] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be movable and thus provide communication coverage for a mobile coverage area 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. Wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0067] Wireless communication system 100 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different network entities 105 may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, network entity 105 may have different frame timing, and in some examples, transmissions from different network entities 105 may not be aligned in time. The techniques described herein may be used for synchronous or asynchronous operation.

[0068] Some UEs 115 (such as MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC can include communication from devices with integrated sensors or meters to measure or obtain information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents the information to a person interacting with the application. Some UEs 115 can be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include: smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geographical event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial charging.

[0069] Some UEs 115 can be configured to operate in power consumption-reducing modes, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports one-way communication via transmission or reception but does not transmit and receive concurrently). In some examples, half-duplex communication can be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other energy-saving techniques for UEs 115 include: entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not participating in active communication, operating using limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UEs 115 can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a guard band of the carrier, or outside the carrier.

[0070] The wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication or various combinations thereof. For example, the wireless communication system 100 can be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UEs 115 can be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication can include private communication or group communication and can be supported by one or more services (such as push-to-talk, video, or data). Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions can include prioritization of services, and such services can be used for public safety or general commercial applications. The terms "ultra-reliable," "low-latency," and "ultra-reliable low-latency" can be used interchangeably herein.

[0071] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to communicate directly with other UEs 115 via a device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to a peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocol). In some examples, one or more UEs 115 performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of a network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), and this network entity may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled) by the network entity 105. In some examples, one or more UEs 115 in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of the network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from the network entity 105. In some examples, a group of UEs 115 communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UEs 115 in the group. In some examples, the network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources for D2D communication. In some other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without involving the network entity 105.

[0072] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or some combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal scheduling, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information related to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170), or both.

[0073] The core network 130 can provide user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which can include at least one control plane entity for managing access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management function (AMF)) and at least one user plane entity for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). The control plane entity can manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions such as the mobility, authentication, and bearer management of the UE 115 served by a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140) associated with the core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which can provide IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity can be connected to the IP services 150 of one or more network operators. The IP services 150 can include access to the Internet, an intranet, an IP multimedia subsystem (IMS), or packet switched streaming services.

[0074] The wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands that can be in the range of 300 megahertz (MHz) to 300 gigahertz (GHz). Generally, the region from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is known as the ultra-high frequency (UHF) region or the decimeter band because, in terms of length, the wavelength range is from approximately one decimeter to one meter. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which can be referred to as clutter), but these waves can be sufficient to penetrate structures so that a macro cell can serve a UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer waves in the high frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 kilometers).

[0075] The wireless communication system 100 may also operate in the super high frequency (SHF) region (also known as the centimeter band) that may be in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz or in the extremely high frequency (EHF) region of the spectrum (e.g., 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band). In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support millimeter wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and a network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170), and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices may be smaller and closer spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such technologies may facilitate the use of antenna arrays within a device. However, the propagation of EHF transmissions may experience even greater attenuation and shorter ranges compared to SHF or UHF transmissions. The techniques disclosed herein may be employed across transmissions using one or more different frequency regions, and the use of frequency bands designated across these frequency regions may vary by country or regulatory body.

[0076] The wireless communication system 100 may utilize licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, the wireless communication system 100 may use an unlicensed band (such as the 5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band) to employ licensed-assisted access (LAA), long term evolution unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating using an unlicensed RF spectrum band, devices such as the network entity 105 and the UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, the operation using an unlicensed band may be based on a carrier aggregation configuration (e.g., LAA) in combination with operating on a component carrier using a licensed band. The operation using the unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmissions, uplink transmissions, peer-to-peer (P2P) transmissions, device-to-device (D2D) transmissions, and so on.

[0077] The network entity 105 (e.g., a base station 140, a RU 170) or the UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that may be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of the network entity 105 or the UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which may support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly such as an antenna tower. In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with the network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. The network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a set of antenna ports in multiple rows and columns that the network entity 105 may use to support beamforming for communication with the UE 115. Similarly, the UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that may support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, an antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0078] Network entity 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to utilize multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. Such techniques may be referred to as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals may be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals may be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals may be referred to as a separate spatial stream and may carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers may be associated with different antenna ports for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include: single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0079] Beamforming (which may also be referred to as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting device or a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or direct an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting device and the receiving device. Beamforming can be achieved by combining the signals conveyed via the antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a particular orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference while other signals experience destructive interference. The adjustment of the signals conveyed via the antenna elements may include: the transmitting device or the receiving device applying an amplitude offset, a phase offset, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustment associated with each of these antenna elements can be defined by a set of beamforming weights associated with a particular orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting device or the receiving device or relative to some other orientation). In some aspects, the beam can be referred to as a directional beam and can be configured with different levels or beam widths. The beam width can be associated with the signal strength based on the direction of the antenna and the radiation distance. In some aspects, the beam width can correspond to the area or angular separation between points of a beamforming lobe (e.g., the main lobe) used for transmitting or receiving a signal.

[0080] The network entity 105 or the UE 115 may use beam scanning techniques as part of beamforming operations. For example, the network entity 105 (e.g., the base station 140, the RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with the UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be sent by the network entity 105 multiple times along different directions. For example, the network entity 105 may send signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmissions along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device such as the network entity 105, or by a receiving device such as the UE 115) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by the network entity 105.

[0081] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be sent by a transmitting device (e.g., the transmitting network entity 105, the transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with a receiving device such as the receiving network entity 105 or the receiving UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with the transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, the UE 115 may receive one or more of the signals sent by the network entity 105 along different directions, and may report to the network entity 105 an indication of the signal that the UE 115 receives with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0082] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., by network entity 105 or UE 115) can be carried out using multiple beam directions, and the device can use a combination of digital precoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 can report feedback indicating precoding weights for one or more beam directions, and the feedback can correspond to a configured set of beams across the system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. Network entity 105 can transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signal (CRS), channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), which can be precoded or not precoded. UE 115 can provide feedback for beam selection, which can be a precoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) in one or more directions, UE 115 can use similar techniques for transmitting signals multiple times in different directions (e.g., for identifying beam directions used by UE 115 for subsequent transmission or reception), or for transmitting signals in a single direction (e.g., for transmitting data to a receiving device).

[0083] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) can perform receive operations according to multiple receive configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a receiving device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device can perform reception according to multiple receive directions by: receiving via different antenna sub-arrays, processing the received signals according to different antenna sub-arrays, receiving according to different sets of receive beamforming weights (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, or processing the received signals according to different sets of receive beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of an antenna array, where any of these can refer to "listening" according to different receive configurations or receive directions. In some examples, the receiving device can use a single receive configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when receiving a data signal). The single receive configuration can be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receive configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0084] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network that operates according to a hierarchical protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer can perform packet segmentation and reassembly for conveyance via logical channels. The MAC layer can perform priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels into transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection techniques, error correction techniques, or both to support retransmission to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer can provide the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of an RRC connection that supports radio bearers for user plane data between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 or the core network 130. The PHY layer can map transport channels to physical channels.

[0085] The UE 115 and the network entity 105 can support retransmission of data to increase the likelihood that the data is successfully received. Hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) feedback is a technique for increasing the likelihood of correctly receiving data via a communication link (e.g., communication link 125, D2D communication link 135). HARQ can include a combination of error detection (e.g., using cyclic redundancy check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., automatic repeat request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, the device can support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device can provide HARQ feedback for data received via previous symbols in a particular slot during that slot. In some other examples, the device can provide HARQ feedback in a subsequent slot or according to some other time interval.

[0086] The wireless communication system 100 may implement a beam refinement process for communicating between a first device such as UE 115 and a second device such as network entity 105. In some examples, the UE 115 may perform beam scanning, e.g., to obtain beam synchronization for communicating with the network entity 105. The UE 115 may perform beam scanning by selecting multiple beams for communication at the UE 115. The multiple beams may be dynamic beams, static beams, or both. Dynamic beams may include beams that the UE 115 can utilize beam steering to locate, and static beams may be pre-configured at the UE 115. In some examples, the multiple beams may be relatively wider beams or relatively narrower beams. Beam management for such beams may be performed using a set of layer 1 (L1) and / or layer 2 (L2) processes associated with the acquisition and maintenance of UE beams, network entity beams, or combinations thereof used for transmitting and receiving uplink and / or downlink signals. Such L1 / L2 processes may include beam determination (e.g., selection of a beam), beam measurement (e.g., measurement of characteristics of a received beamformed signal), beam reporting (the UE 115 reports information on one or more beamformed signals based on beam measurements), beam scanning (e.g., covering a spatial region with corresponding beams transmitted in a predetermined manner during a time interval), etc.

[0087] The UE 115 may measure the beamformed signals transmitted on each transmit beam of the network entity 105 by measuring the beam metrics of corresponding synchronization signal blocks (SSBs) (e.g., corresponding SSB indices). The beam metric of an SSB may be the RSRP or one or more other metrics. The RSRP may be a measurement of the received power level of a beamformed signal in a wireless network such as an SSB. In some examples, the UE 115 may perform beam refinement and select an optimal beam based on comparing the beam metrics (e.g., RSRP measurements) of each SSB at each refinement stage. Additionally or alternatively, the UE 115 may perform beam refinement by measuring each SSB using increasingly narrower beams, which may better align with the beam orientation at the network entity 105.

[0088] In some examples, the UE 115 may send a message such as a CSF report to the network entity 105, and the message may include RSRP information of multiple SSBs corresponding to the beams at the UE 115. In this example, the network entity 105 may trigger a beam switching process for the beams at the network entity 105 based on the CSF report. The beam switching process may include the network entity 105 selecting different beams for receiving signaling, transmitting signaling, or both. However, in some examples, such as in mmW communication systems, based on the beam refinement phase, different levels of beams (e.g., wide beams or narrow beams) may be utilized to measure different SSB indices. For example, some measurements may be performed before the beam has been refined to the narrowest possible beam. In such cases, when multiple beams are at different refinement stages, it may not be easy to compare the SSB measurements performed using different beam widths, and depending on the beam refinement state of the corresponding beam, the measurement results may be different for different SSBs. Different measurement results may trigger unnecessary or delayed beam switching processes, which may lead to increased latency and increased power consumption, etc.

[0089] As an illustrative example, the UE 115 may measure a first set of SSBs using a narrower UE beam and measure a second set of SSBs using a wider UE beam. The UE 115 may send measurements (e.g., RSRP measurements) to the network entity 105, and the network entity 105 may trigger an unnecessary beam switching process or an inaccurate beam switching process (e.g., a premature beam switching process or a delayed beam switching process). For example, the UE 115 may send RSRP measurements of multiple sets of SSBs. The network entity 105 may compare the measurement of the serving SSB (e.g., the SSB corresponding to the selected optimal beam in the serving cell) performed using a wide UE beam with the measurement of an adjacent SSB (e.g., the SSB adjacent to the serving SSB in the serving cell) performed using a narrower beam, which may result in an inaccurate and unnecessary beam switching process (e.g., the RSRP measurement associated with the serving SSB may be relatively greater than the RSRP measurement associated with the adjacent SSB). In another example, the UE 115 may compare the measurement of the serving SSB performed using a narrower UE beam with the measurement of an adjacent SSB performed using a wider beam. In this example, the UE 115 may avoid sending a CSF report to the network entity 105 until the UE 115 measures the adjacent SSB using a narrower beam, which may result in increased latency. Therefore, a premature beam switching process or a delayed beam switching process may negatively affect the communication throughput between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 because the network entity 105 may switch to a relatively weaker beam based on the SSB measurement.

[0090] To enable the UE 115 to report accurate SSB measurements to the network entity 105 for enhancing the determination of whether to trigger a beam switching process, the UE 115 may use a beam refinement state to report CSF. The UE 115 may perform RSRP measurements on the primary component carrier (PCC) serving SSB and adjacent SSBs. The UE 115 may determine whether to report the RSRP measurements of the adjacent SSBs based on the beam refinement state, the RSRP measurements, or both. Accordingly, additional controls and rules may be implemented to enhance the reporting of measurements of SSBs (e.g., adjacent SSBs) during beam refinement, which may minimize, prevent, or avoid premature beam switching and delayed beam switching, thereby maintaining or enhancing the communication efficiency of the UE 115.

[0091] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 includes a network entity 105-a and a UE 115-a in a coverage area, which may be examples of the corresponding devices described with reference Figure 1 above.

[0092] The wireless communication system 200 may implement a beam refinement process. For example, the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a may perform a beam sweep to select a directional beam for communication between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a. In such cases, the UE 115-a may perform measurements on different network entity beams to support the selection of a transmit beam at the network entity 105-a and a receive beam at the UE 115-a. In some examples, the selected beams at the UE 115-a may include wide beams 210, such as wide beam 210-a and wide beam 210-b, and the selected beams at the network entity 105-a may include wide beams 215, such as wide beam 215-a and wide beam 215-b. In some examples, the UE 115-a may use the wide beam 210 to measure SSBs (e.g., corresponding SSBs with SSB indices mapped to the respective transmit beams), and may select a beam pair for communication between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a.

[0093] The wireless communication system 200 may support the process of beam refinement at both the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a. For example, the network entity 105-a may refine the transmit beam by scanning narrow beams 225 (e.g., narrow beams 225-a to 225-f, beams that are relatively narrower than the wide beams 215-a, 215-b). The UE 115-a may identify the narrow beam 225 (e.g., narrow beam 225-c) with the relatively highest signal strength (e.g., based on the received signal strength determined by the UE 115-a), and report the identified beam (e.g., narrow beam 225-c) to the network entity 105-a. Additionally, the UE 115-a may refine the wide beam 210 after the network entity 105-a selects a narrower beam. In such cases, the network entity 105-a may use the narrow beam 225 (e.g., narrow beam 225-c) identified by the UE 115-a to transmit multiple signals (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB), and the UE 115-a may scan its own narrow beams 220 (e.g., narrow beams 220-a to 220-f) to identify the narrow beam 220 (e.g., narrow beam 220-c) that provides the relatively highest signal strength (e.g., highest RSRP) for the beamformed signals transmitted by the network entity 105-a.

[0094] In some aspects, UE 115-a may measure SSBs transmitted by network entity 105-a using narrow beam 220 or wide beam 210, where the beam level for measurement may be based on the beam refinement phase at UE 115-a. UE 115-a may send a CSF report (e.g., channel state feedback message 230) to network entity 105-a using an uplink communication link. The channel state feedback message 230 may include RSRP information of multiple SSBs corresponding to the beams at UE 115-a. The SSBs may include the serving SSB of the serving cell and the neighboring SSBs of the serving cell. In this example, network entity 105-a may trigger a beam switching process based on the information provided in the channel state feedback message 230. However, in some examples, when UE 115-a measures different SSB indexes using different levels of beams (e.g., wide beam 210 or narrow beam 220) based on the refinement phase, it may not be possible to accurately compare the measurement results between different SSB indexes because multiple beams may be in different refinement phases. Therefore, UE 115-a may use different levels of beams to measure a set of serving SSBs associated with the serving cell and a set of neighboring SSBs associated with the serving cell. For measurements performed using different beam levels, the difference in RSRP of different SSBs (e.g., serving SSB and neighboring SSB) may cause network entity 105-a to trigger an unnecessary beam switching process, which may result in increased latency and increased power consumption. That is, the RSRP measurement obtained using a wide beam may not be comparable to the RSRP measurement obtained using a narrow beam, and it may be beneficial to consider the beam refinement state when reporting the RSRP measurement.

[0095] Thus, in order for the UE 115-a to accurately report SSB measurements to the network entity 105-a, the UE 115-a may use a beam refinement state. For example, the UE 115-a may determine whether to include RSRP measurements of a set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230 based on the beam refinement state, RSRP measurements, or both. In some aspects, the UE 115-a may include RSRP measurements of a set of serving SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230 (e.g., regardless of the refinement state). The UE 115-a may determine (e.g., track) the beam refinement state of each SSB, where the beam refinement state may be one or more of an in-progress refinement state, a refinement failure state, a refinement timeout state, a refinement success state, or a refinement end state. The in-progress refinement state may indicate that the beam refinement process at the UE 115-a is in progress, and the UE 115-a may be in the process of measuring the beamformed signal using the narrow beam 220. The refinement failure state may indicate that the UE 115-a has failed to complete the beam refinement process (e.g., the refinement has stalled at a local maximum of the SSB measurement), and the UE 115-a can no longer select one of the narrow beams 220 based on the measurement. The refinement timeout state may indicate that a time threshold associated with the beam refinement process for measuring the SSB has passed (e.g., the refinement process has exceeded the threshold duration). The refinement success state may indicate that the UE 115-a has performed the beam refinement process, and the directional beam has been refined to the narrowest beam (e.g., one of the narrow beams 220), where the UE 115-a has selected the best beam corresponding to the measured SSB. The refinement end state may indicate a refinement failure state, a refinement timeout state, or a refinement success state.

[0096] The UE 115-a may determine whether to report the RSRP measurements of the set of neighboring SSBs (e.g., L1 report) based on a readiness metric (e.g., an SSB readiness metric), which may correspond to the beam refinement state and also indicate the value of an SSB readiness flag at the UE 115-a (e.g., true or false). Here, the SSB readiness metric may indicate whether the UE 115-a has reached the refinement end state of the beam refinement process for the beam corresponding to the measured SSB. If the set of SSBs is associated with the refinement end state, the SSB readiness flag (e.g., a readiness indicator) may be true. Alternatively, if the set of SSBs is not associated with the refinement end state (e.g., if the set of SSBs is associated with the in-progress refinement state), the SSB readiness flag may be false.

[0097] UE 115-a can determine, based on the readiness flag, the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and / or the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs. For example, if the SSB readiness flag of the set of serving SSBs is true, UE 115-a can also determine whether the SSB readiness flag of the set of neighboring SSBs is true. If the SSB readiness flag of the set of neighboring SSBs is also true, UE 115-a can include the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230. In other examples, if the SSB readiness flag of the set of serving SSBs is true, but the SSB readiness flag of the set of neighboring SSBs is false, UE 115-a can determine whether the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs (e.g., neighboring SSB RSRP) is greater than the sum of the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs (e.g., serving SSB RSRP) and the hysteresis threshold (e.g., Hyst1). In other words, when the readiness flag of the serving SSB is true and the readiness flag of the neighboring SSB is false, UE 115-a can calculate whether: neighboring SSB RSRP > serving SSB RSRP + Hyst1. If the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs is greater than the sum of the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the hysteresis threshold, UE 115-a can include the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230. Alternatively, if the SSB readiness metric of the set of neighboring SSBs is false and the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs is less than the sum of the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the hysteresis threshold, UE 115-a can include the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230, and UE 115-a can avoid including the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230. In some examples, if the SSB readiness flag of the set of serving SSBs is false, UE 115-a can include the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230, and UE 115-a can avoid including the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230 (e.g., UE 115-a can report the L1 RSRP measurement of the serving SSB regardless of the refinement state of the corresponding beam).

[0098] In some examples, the UE 115-a may adjust a hysteresis threshold based on whether a neighboring SSB RSRP has been reported previously. For example, when the beam associated with the neighboring SSB is still being refined and if the UE 115-a has not previously reported the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB to the network entity 105-a (e.g., the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB has been excluded previously) as part of the channel state feedback message 230, the UE 115-a may increase the hysteresis threshold. This increase in the hysteresis threshold may reduce the likelihood of reporting the neighboring SSB RSRP (e.g., unless the neighboring SSB RSRP becomes greater than (e.g., significantly greater than) the serving SSB RSRP, which may help ensure that beam switching is performed at an appropriate time).

[0099] In another example, when the beam associated with the neighboring SSB is still being refined and if the UE 115-a has previously reported the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB to the network entity 105-a (e.g., via a previous channel state feedback message 230), the UE 115-a may decrease the hysteresis threshold. Here, decreasing the hysteresis threshold may increase the likelihood that the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSB will continue to be reported.

[0100] The adjustment of the hysteresis threshold by the UE 115-a may result in a relatively reduced fluctuation of the beam metric. For example, the SSB ready flag of the set of neighboring SSBs may be false (e.g., if the set of SSBs is associated with the in-progress refinement state), and the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs may be greater than the sum of the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the hysteresis threshold. In this example, the UE 115-a may report the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs in the channel state feedback message 230 until the difference (e.g., increment) between the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs and the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs fails to meet the adjusted hysteresis threshold (e.g., the decreased hysteresis threshold).

[0101] In some examples, such as in the connected discontinuous reception (CDRX) mode, the UE 115-a may trigger a larger number of measurement opportunities to perform the beam refinement process. The CDRX mode may enable the UE to monitor the downlink channel during the monitoring opportunities of a pre-configured wake-up cycle. For example, if both the set of serving SSBs and the set of neighboring SSBs are associated with the in-progress refinement state, the UE 115-a may trigger more measurement opportunities to reduce the time for performing the beam refinement process on the set of SSBs, which may prevent or avoid premature beam switching and late beam switching, thereby maintaining the communication efficiency between the UE 115-a and the network entity 105-a. The UE 115-a may send a channel state feedback message 230 to the network entity 105-a, and the channel state feedback message may include the RSRP measurement of the set of serving SSBs and the RSRP measurement of the set of neighboring SSBs based on the beam refinement state, the RSRP measurement, or both. The UE 115-a determines whether including the RSRP measurement of the neighboring SSBs may cause the network entity 105-a to trigger fewer unnecessary beam switching processes, which may reduce the latency and improve the communication efficiency.

[0102] Figure 3 An example of a process flow 300 that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is illustrated. In some examples, the process flow 300 may implement aspects of the wireless communication system 100 and the wireless communication system 200. The process flow 300 may include a UE 115-b and a network entity 105-b, which may be examples of the UE 115 and the network entity 105 as described herein with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The process flow 300 may illustrate an example of a technique that enables the UE 115 to determine whether to send neighboring SSB measurements (e.g., SSB RSRP values). For example, the UE 115 may be configured to report neighboring SSB measurements based on the RSRP measurement, the beam refinement state, or both.

[0103] At 305, in some examples, the network entity 105-b may send a control message that indicates a configuration for performing measurements on a first set of SSBs and a second set of SSBs. The configuration may indicate a first number of measurement opportunities that meet a threshold number of measurement opportunities. The first number of measurement opportunities may be based on the UE 115-b operating in the discontinuous reception mode and the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both.

[0104] At 310, UE 115-b may perform corresponding beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams. The first set of directional beams may correspond to a first set of SSBs of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of SSBs of the serving cell. A first refinement state of the first set of SSBs and a second refinement state of the second set of SSBs are based on the corresponding beam refinement procedures. In some examples, based on one or more of the directional beams being at a beam level less than a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include an in-progress refinement state. In some examples, the first set of SSBs includes a set of serving SSBs, and the second set of SSBs includes a set of neighboring SSBs.

[0105] At 315, UE 115-b may perform measurements on the first set of SSBs and the second set of SSBs. A first power metric of the first set of SSBs and a second power metric of the second set of SSBs are based on these measurements.

[0106] At 320, UE 115-b may determine that a first readiness indicator (e.g., a readiness flag) for the first set of SSBs is true based on the first refinement state of the first set of SSBs. UE 115-b may determine that a second readiness indicator (e.g., a readiness flag) for the second set of SSBs is true based on the second refinement state of the second set of SSBs. Based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true, the CSF may include both the first power metric and the second power metric. In some examples, based on the first refinement state of the first set of SSBs including an end-of-refinement state, the first readiness indicator may be true. Based on the second refinement state of the second set of SSBs including an end-of-refinement state, the second readiness indicator may be true.

[0107] In some examples, the end-of-refinement state is associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state. Based on multiple attempts to refine at least one directional beam to a threshold beam level failing, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both may include a refinement failure state. In some examples, based on the elapsed time for refining at least one directional beam exceeding a threshold elapsed time, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement timeout state. In some examples, based on refining one or more directional beams to a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement success state. In some examples, the first power metric includes a first RSRP, and the second power metric includes a second RSRP.

[0108] In some examples, UE 115-b may determine that the first readiness indicator for the first set of SSBs is true based on the first refinement state of the first set of SSBs. UE 115-b may determine that a second power metric meets a threshold. Based on the first readiness indicator being true and the second power metric meeting the threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric. The threshold may include the sum of the first power metric and a hysteresis value. In some examples, UE 115-b may generate the hysteresis value based on whether the CSF for the second set of SSBs has been reported previously. In some examples, UE 115-b may reduce the hysteresis value based on previously reported channel state feedback for the second set of SSBs. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b may increase the hysteresis value based on the CSF for the second set of SSBs being excluded from a previous report.

[0109] In some examples, UE 115-b may determine that the readiness indicator for the second set of SSBs is false based on the second refinement state. UE 115-b may determine that the second power metric fails to meet the threshold. Based on the readiness indicator being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold, the CSF includes the first power metric.

[0110] At 325, UE 115-b may send a message to network entity 105-b indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric. Based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting the threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0111] Figure 4 Block diagram 400 of a device 405 supporting CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure is shown. Device 405 may be an example of aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 405 may include a receiver 410, a transmitter 415, and a communication manager 420. Device 405 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0112] Receiver 410 may provide components for receiving information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with CSF reporting during beam refinement) such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. The information may be passed to other components of device 405. Receiver 410 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0113] Transmitter 415 can provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 405. For example, transmitter 415 can transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with CSF reports during beam refinement), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 415 can be co-located with receiver 410 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 415 can utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0114] Communication manager 420, receiver 410, transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof can be examples of components for performing aspects of CSF reporting during beam refinement as described herein. For example, communication manager 420, receiver 410, transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof can support methods for performing one or more of the functions described herein.

[0115] In some examples, communication manager 420, receiver 410, transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof can be implemented in hardware (e.g., in a communication management circuit). The hardware can include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, a microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof that are configured as or otherwise support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure. In some examples, a processor and a memory coupled to the processor can be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., by the processor executing instructions stored in the memory).

[0116] Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, communication manager 420, receiver 410, transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof can be implemented in code executed by a processor (e.g., implemented as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by a processor, the functions of communication manager 420, receiver 410, transmitter 415, or various combinations or components thereof can be performed by a general purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices that are configured as or otherwise support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure.

[0117] In some examples, the communication manager 420 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise in concert with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both. For example, the communication manager 420 may receive information from the receiver 410, convey information to the transmitter 415, or integrate in combination with the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0118] According to examples as disclosed herein, the communication manager 420 may support wireless communication at a UE. For example, the communication manager 420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, where the first set of directional beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, and where a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement procedures. The communication manager 420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The communication manager 420 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for transmitting a message indicating that a CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, where the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold.

[0119] By including or configuring a communication manager 420 according to examples as described herein, a device 405 (e.g., a processor that controls or otherwise is coupled to the receiver 410, the transmitter 415, the communication manager 420, or a combination thereof) may support techniques for reducing processing and power consumption. For example, by transmitting a CSF message to determine whether to perform a beam switching procedure based on a threshold, the processor of the device 405 may more efficiently trigger the beam switching procedure and reduce power usage.

[0120] Figure 5 Block diagram 500 of a device 505 supporting CSF reporting during beam refinement is shown in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 505 may be an example of aspects of a device 405 or a UE 115 as described herein. The device 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communication manager 520. The device 505 may also include a processor. Each of these components may communicate with one another (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0121] The receiver 510 may provide components for receiving information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with CSF reports during beam refinement), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. The information may be passed to other components of the device 505. The receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0122] The transmitter 515 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of the device 505. For example, the transmitter 515 may transmit information associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels associated with CSF reports during beam refinement), such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the transmitter 515 may be co-located with the receiver 510 in a transceiver module. The transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a set of multiple antennas.

[0123] The device 505 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the CSF report during beam refinement as described herein. For example, the communication manager 520 may include a beam refinement component 525, a measurement component 530, a message sending component 535, or any combination thereof. The communication manager 520 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 420 as described herein. In some examples, the communication manager 520 or its various components may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receive, obtain, monitor, output, transmit) using or otherwise in cooperation with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both. For example, the communication manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, convey information to the transmitter 515, or integrate in combination with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to obtain information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0124] According to an example as disclosed herein, a communication manager 520 may support wireless communication at a UE. A beam refinement component 525 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing respective beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, where the first set of directional beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, and where a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement processes. A measurement component 530 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. A message sending component 535 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for sending a message indicating that a CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, where the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold.

[0125] Figure 6 FIG. 600 is a block diagram of a communication manager 620 supporting CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The communication manager 620 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 420, the communication manager 520, or both as described herein. The communication manager 620 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of CSF reporting during beam refinement as described herein. For example, the communication manager 620 may include a beam refinement component 625, a measurement component 630, a message sending component 635, a ready indicator component 640, a power metric component 645, a control message receiving component 650, a hysteresis threshold component 655, or any combination thereof. Each of these components may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0126] According to examples disclosed herein, the communication manager 620 may support wireless communication at a UE. The beam refinement component 625 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing corresponding beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the corresponding beam refinement processes. The measurement component 630 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The message sending component 635 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for sending a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0127] In some examples, the readiness indicator component 640 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that a first readiness indicator for a first set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks. In some examples, the readiness indicator component 640 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that a second readiness indicator for a second set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0128] In some examples, based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks including an end-of-refinement state, the first readiness indicator is true. In some examples, based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks including an end-of-refinement state, the second readiness indicator is true.

[0129] In some examples, the end-of-refinement state is associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state.

[0130] In some examples, the readiness indicator component 640 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that a first readiness indicator for a first set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks. In some examples, the power metric component 645 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that the second power metric meets a threshold, wherein based on the first readiness indicator being true and the second power metric meeting the threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0131] In some examples, the threshold includes the sum of a first power metric and a hysteresis value.

[0132] In some examples, the hysteresis threshold component 655 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for generating a hysteresis value based on whether a CSF for a second set of synchronization signal blocks has been reported previously.

[0133] In some examples, the hysteresis threshold component 655 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for reducing the hysteresis value based on a CSF for a second set of synchronization signal blocks that has been reported previously.

[0134] In some examples, the hysteresis threshold component 655 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for increasing the hysteresis value based on a CSF for a second set of synchronization signal blocks being excluded from a previous report.

[0135] In some examples, the control message receiving component 650 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for receiving a control message indicating a configuration for performing measurements on a first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second set of synchronization signal blocks, where the configuration indicates a first number of measurement opportunities that meet a threshold number of measurement opportunities, the first number of measurement opportunities being based on the UE operating in a discontinuous reception mode and a first refinement state or a second refinement state or both.

[0136] In some examples, the readiness indicator component 640 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that a readiness indicator for a second set of synchronization signal blocks is false based on a second refinement state. In some examples, the power metric component 645 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for determining that a second power metric fails to meet a threshold, where based on the readiness indicator being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold, the CSF includes a first power metric.

[0137] In some examples, based on one or more directional beams being at a beam level less than a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include an in - progress refinement state.

[0138] In some examples, based on a set of multiple attempts to refine at least one directional beam to a threshold beam level failing, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement failure state.

[0139] In some examples, based on the duration for refining at least one directional beam exceeding a threshold duration, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement timeout state.

[0140] In some examples, based on refining one or more directional beams to a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement success state.

[0141] In some examples, the first power metric includes a first reference signal received power, and the second power metric includes a second reference signal received power.

[0142] In some examples, the first set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of serving synchronization signal blocks, and the second set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of neighboring synchronization signal blocks.

[0143] Figure 7 FIG. shows a diagram of a system 700 that includes a device 705 that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement, in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The device 705 may be an example of the device 405, the device 505, or the UE 115 described herein, or include components thereof. The device 705 may communicate (e.g., wirelessly) with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof. The device 705 may include components for two-way voice and data communication, including components for sending and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 720, an input / output (I / O) controller 710, a transceiver 715, an antenna 725, a memory 730, code 735, and a processor 740. These components may be electronically communicatively coupled via one or more buses (e.g., bus 745) or otherwise (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically).

[0144] The I / O controller 710 may manage input signals and output signals of the device 705. The I / O controller 710 may also manage peripheral devices not integrated into the device 705. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may utilize an operating system, such as or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 710 may represent or interact with a modem, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch screen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 710 may be implemented as part of a processor, such as the processor 740. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 705 via the I / O controller 710 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 710.

[0145] In some cases, device 705 may include a single antenna 725. However, in some other cases, device 705 may have more than one antenna 725, and the more than one antenna may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 715 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 725, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 715 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 715 may also include a modem that is configured to: modulate a packet; provide the modulated packet to one or more antennas 725 for transmission; and demodulate a packet received from one or more antennas 725. Transceiver 715 or transceiver 715 and one or more antennas 725 may be examples of transmitter 415, transmitter 515, receiver 410, receiver 510 or any combination thereof or their components as described herein.

[0146] Memory 730 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). Memory 730 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 735 that includes instructions that, when executed by processor 740, cause device 705 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 735 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 735 may not be directly executable by processor 740 but may (e.g., when compiled and executed) cause a computer to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, among other things, memory 730 may also contain a basic input / output system (BIOS) that may control basic hardware or software operations such as interactions with peripheral components or devices.

[0147] Processor 740 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, microcontroller, ASIC, FPGA, programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components or any combination thereof). In some cases, processor 740 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into processor 740. Processor 740 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in a memory (e.g., memory 730) to cause device 705 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks that support CSF reporting during beam refinement). For example, device 705 or components of device 705 may include processor 740 and memory 730 coupled or coupled to processor 740, and processor 740 and memory 730 are configured to perform the various functions described herein.

[0148] According to an example as disclosed herein, the communication manager 720 may support wireless communication at a UE. For example, the communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a different second set of directional beams, where the first set of directional beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell (e.g., the first set of synchronization signal blocks may be different from the second set of synchronization signal blocks). In some examples, a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement procedures. The communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The communication manager 720 may be configured as or otherwise support a component for sending a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, where based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric.

[0149] By including or configuring the communication manager 720 according to an example as described herein, the device 705 may support techniques for reducing latency, reducing power consumption, and improving coordination between devices. For example, by sending a CSF message to a network entity, the network entity may determine whether to perform a beam switching procedure based on a threshold. Performing beam switching based on the threshold may cause the processor of the device 705 to more efficiently trigger the beam switching procedure and reduce latency.

[0150] In some examples, the communication manager 720 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the transceiver 715, one or more antennas 725, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receive, monitor, transmit). Although the communication manager 720 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 720 may be supported or performed by the processor 740, the memory 730, the code 735, or any combination thereof. For example, the code 735 may include instructions that can be executed by the processor 740 to cause the device 705 to perform various aspects of CSF reporting during beam refinement as described herein, or the processor 740 and the memory 730 may otherwise be configured to execute or support such operations.

[0151] Figure 8FIG. 0 shows a flow chart of a method 800 that illustrates supporting a CSF report during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 800 may be implemented by a UE or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 800 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use special purpose hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0152] At 805, the method may include: performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement procedures. The operations of 805 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 805 may be performed by a beam refinement component 625 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0153] At 810, the method may include: performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the measurements. The operations of 810 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 810 may be performed by a measurement component 630 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0154] At 815, the method may include: transmitting a message indicating that the CSF includes the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based on the second power metric meeting a threshold, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric. The operations of 815 may be performed in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 815 may be performed by a message transmission component 635 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0155] Figure 9 FIG. 21 shows a flow chart of a method 900 that illustrates supporting a CSF report during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 900 may be implemented by a UE or components thereof as described herein. For example, operations of method 900 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use special purpose hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0156] At 905, the method may include: performing corresponding beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, where the first set of directional beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, and a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the corresponding beam refinement processes. The operations at 905 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 905 may be performed by a beam refinement component 625 as described with reference to Figure 6 the description.

[0157] At 910, the method may include: performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The operations at 910 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 910 may be performed by a measurement component 630 as described with reference to Figure 6 the description.

[0158] At 915, the method may include: determining that a first readiness indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks. The operations at 915 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 915 may be performed by a readiness indicator component 640 as described with reference to Figure 6 the description.

[0159] At 920, the method may include: determining that a second readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks. The operations at 920 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 920 may be performed by a readiness indicator component 640 as described with reference to Figure 6 the description.

[0160] At 925, the method may include: sending a message indicating that the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric, where based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true, the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric. The operations at 925 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 925 may be performed by a message sending component 635 as described with reference to Figure 6 the description.

[0161] Figure 10FIG. 0 illustrates a flow chart of a method 1000 that exemplifies supporting a CSF report during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. Operations of method 1000 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operations of method 1000 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0162] At 1005, the method may include: performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement procedures. The operation of 1005 may be performed in accordance with examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1005 may be performed by a beam refinement component 625 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0163] At 1010, the method may include: performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The operation of 1010 may be performed in accordance with examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1010 may be performed by a measurement component 630 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0164] At 1015, the method may include: determining that a first readiness indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true based on a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks. The operation of 1015 may be performed in accordance with examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1015 may be performed by a readiness indicator component 640 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0165] At 1020, the method may include: determining that the second power metric meets a threshold power metric (e.g., a threshold RSRP). The operation of 1020 may be performed in accordance with examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1020 may be performed by a power metric component 645 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0166] At 1025, the method may include: sending a message indicating that the CSF includes both a first power metric and a second power metric, where the CSF includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based on the first readiness indicator being true and the second power metric satisfying a threshold power metric. The operations at 1025 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 1025 may be performed by a message sending component 635 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0167] Figure 11 FIG. illustrates a flowchart of a method 1100 that supports CSF reporting during beam refinement in accordance with one or more aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of method 1100 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, the operations of method 1100 may be performed by a UE 115 as described with reference to Figures 1 to 7 described. In some examples, the UE may execute an instruction set to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0168] At 1105, the method may include: performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, where a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on the respective beam refinement procedures. The operations at 1105 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 1105 may be performed by a beam refinement component 625 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0169] At 1110, the method may include: performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based on these measurements. The operations at 1110 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 1110 may be performed by a measurement component 630 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0170] At 1115, the method may include: determining that a readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is false based on the second refinement state. The operations at 1115 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations at 1115 may be performed by a readiness indicator component 640 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0171] At 1120, the method may include: determining that a second power metric fails to meet a threshold power metric (e.g., a threshold RSRP). The operations of 1120 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1120 may be performed by a power metric component 645 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0172] At 1125, the method may include: sending a message indicating that a CSF includes a first power metric, where the CSF includes the first power metric based on a readiness indicator for a second set of synchronization signal blocks being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold power metric. The operations of 1125 may be performed in accordance with the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operations of 1125 may be performed by a message sending component 635 as described with reference to Figure 6 described.

[0173] An overview of aspects of the present disclosure is provided below:

[0174] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method including: performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, where a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the respective beam refinement procedures; performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the measurements; and sending a message indicating channel state feedback including the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, where the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or at least partially based on the second power metric meeting a threshold.

[0175] Aspect 2: The method according to aspect 1, the method further including: determining that a first readiness indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; and determining that a second readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks, where the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true.

[0176] Aspect 3: The method according to aspect 2, wherein the first refinement state based at least in part on the first set of synchronization signal blocks includes a refinement end state, and the first ready indicator is true; and the second refinement state based at least in part on the second set of synchronization signal blocks includes the refinement end state, and the second ready indicator is true.

[0177] Aspect 4: The method according to aspect 3, wherein the refinement end state is associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state.

[0178] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 4, the method further comprising: determining that the first ready indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true based at least in part on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; and determining that the second power metric satisfies the threshold, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based at least in part on the first ready indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks being true and the second power metric satisfying the threshold.

[0179] Aspect 6: The method according to aspect 5, wherein the threshold includes the sum of the first power metric and a hysteresis value.

[0180] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6, the method further comprising: generating the hysteresis value based at least in part on whether the channel state feedback of the second set of synchronization signal blocks has been previously reported.

[0181] Aspect 8: The method according to aspect 7, the method further comprising: reducing the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback of the second set of synchronization signal blocks having been previously reported.

[0182] Aspect 9: The method according to aspect 7, the method further comprising: increasing the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback of the second set of synchronization signal blocks being excluded from a previous report.

[0183] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of aspects 1 to 9, the method further comprising: receiving a control message indicating a configuration for performing the measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein the configuration indicates a first number of measurement opportunities that meet a threshold number of measurement opportunities, the first number of measurement opportunities being at least in part based on the UE operating in a discontinuous reception mode and the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both.

[0184] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, the method further comprising: determining that the readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is false at least in part based on the second refinement state; and determining that the second power metric fails to meet the threshold, wherein at least in part based on the readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold, the channel state feedback includes the first power metric.

[0185] Aspect 12: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein at least in part based on one or more directional beams being at a beam level less than a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include an in - progress refinement state.

[0186] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein at least in part based on multiple attempts to refine at least one directional beam to a threshold beam level failing, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement failure state.

[0187] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11, wherein at least in part based on the duration for refining at least one directional beam exceeding a threshold duration, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement timeout state.

[0188] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 14, wherein at least in part based on refining one or more directional beams to a threshold beam level, the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement success state.

[0189] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 15, wherein the first power metric includes a first reference signal received power, and the second power metric includes a second reference signal received power.

[0190] Aspect 17: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 16, wherein the first set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of serving synchronization signal blocks, and the second set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of neighboring synchronization signal blocks.

[0191] Aspect 18: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus comprising: a processor; a memory coupled to the processor; and instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to perform the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0192] Aspect 19: An apparatus for wireless communication at a UE, the apparatus including at least one component for performing the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0193] Aspect 20: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a UE, the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 17.

[0194] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and other specific implementations are also possible. In addition, aspects from two or more of these methods may be combined.

[0195] Although aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for example purposes and the LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR terms may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks other than LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the described techniques may be applicable to various other wireless communication systems such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0196] The information and signals described herein may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips referred to throughout the specification may be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, optical fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0197] The various illustrative blocks and components described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in an alternative, the processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration).

[0198] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code of a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of the present disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these items. The features implementing the functions can also be physically located in different places, including being distributed such that portions of the functions are implemented at different physical locations.

[0199] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one location to another. A non-transitory storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media can include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer or a general purpose or special purpose processor. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of computer-readable medium. As used herein, disk and disc include CD, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc. Disk can reproduce data magnetically, and disc can reproduce data optically using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0200] As used herein (including in the claims), the "or" used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") indicates an inclusive listing such that, for example, the listing of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Moreover, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" may be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0201] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions and, accordingly, "determine" can include computing, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (such as looking up in a table, database, or other data structure), ascertaining, and similar actions. Moreover, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in a memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, obtaining, selecting, choosing, establishing, and other such similar actions.

[0202] In the figures, similar components or features may have the same reference numeral. Additionally, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash and a second numeral used to differentiate between similar components after the reference numeral. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description can apply to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second reference numeral or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0203] The description set forth herein in connection with the figures describes example configurations and does not represent all examples that can be implemented or that are within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration" and not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples". The detailed description includes specific details for providing an understanding of the described techniques. However, the techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concepts of the described examples.

[0204] The description provided herein enables a person of ordinary skill in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to the present disclosure are obvious to a person of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Thus, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: Performing corresponding beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the corresponding beam refinement processes; Performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the measurements; And Sending a message indicating channel state feedback including the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or at least partially based on the second power metric satisfying a threshold.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: Determining that a first readiness indicator of the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; And Determining that a second readiness indicator of the second set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: Determining that the first readiness indicator is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks including a refinement end state; and Determining that the second readiness indicator is true at least partially based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks including the refinement end state.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the refinement end state is associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state.

5. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: Determining that a first readiness indicator of the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; And Determining that the second power metric satisfies the threshold, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first readiness indicator of the first set of synchronization signal blocks being true and the second power metric satisfying the threshold.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the threshold includes the sum of the first power metric and a hysteresis value.

7. The method according to claim 6, the method further comprising: Generating the hysteresis value at least partially based on whether channel state feedback of the second set of synchronization signal blocks has been previously reported.

8. The method according to claim 7, the method further comprising: Reducing the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback that has previously reported the second set of synchronization signal blocks.

9. The method according to claim 7, the method further comprising: Increasing the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback of the second set of synchronization signal blocks being excluded from previous reports.

10. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: Receiving a control message indicating a configuration for performing the measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein the configuration indicates a first number of measurement opportunities that meet a threshold number of measurement opportunities, the first number of measurement opportunities being based at least in part on the UE operating in a discontinuous reception mode and the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both.

11. The method according to claim 1, the method further comprising: Determining that the ready indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is false based at least in part on the second refinement state; And Determining that the second power metric fails to meet the threshold, wherein based at least in part on the ready indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold, the channel state feedback includes the first power metric.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include an in - progress refinement state based at least in part on one or more directional beams being at a beam level less than a threshold beam level.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement failure state based at least in part on multiple attempts to refine at least one directional beam to a threshold beam level failing.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement timeout state based at least in part on the duration for refining at least one directional beam exceeding a threshold duration.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both include a refinement success state based at least in part on refining one or more directional beams to a threshold beam level.

16. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first power metric includes a first reference signal received power, and the second power metric includes a second reference signal received power.

17. The method according to claim 1, wherein the first set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of serving synchronization signal blocks, and the second set of synchronization signal blocks includes a set of neighboring synchronization signal blocks.

18. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: A processor; A memory coupled to the processor; And Instructions stored in the memory and executable by the processor to cause the apparatus: Perform corresponding beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, where the first set of directional beams corresponds to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponds to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the corresponding beam refinement procedures; Perform measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the measurements; And Send a message indicating channel state feedback including the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or at least partially based on the second power metric satisfying a threshold.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that a first readiness indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; and Determine that a second readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first readiness indicator and the second readiness indicator being true.

20. The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein: At least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks including a refinement end state, the first readiness indicator is true; and At least partially based on the second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks including the refinement end state, the second readiness indicator is true.

21. The apparatus according to claim 20, wherein the refinement end state is associated with a refinement failure state or a refinement timeout state or a refinement success state.

22. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that a first readiness indicator for the first set of synchronization signal blocks is true at least partially based on the first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks; and Determine that the second power metric satisfies the threshold, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first readiness indicator being true and the second power metric satisfying the threshold.

23. The apparatus according to claim 22, wherein the threshold includes the sum of the first power metric and a hysteresis value.

24. The apparatus according to claim 23, wherein the instructions can be further executed by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Generate the hysteresis value based at least in part on whether channel state feedback for the second set of synchronization signal blocks has been previously reported.

25. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Reduce the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback for the second set of synchronization signal blocks that has been previously reported.

26. The apparatus according to claim 24, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Increase the hysteresis value based at least in part on the channel state feedback for the second set of synchronization signal blocks being excluded from a previous report.

27. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Receive a control message indicating a configuration for performing the measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein the configuration indicates a first number of measurement opportunities that meet a threshold number of measurement opportunities, the first number of measurement opportunities being based at least in part on the UE operating in a discontinuous reception mode and the first refinement state or the second refinement state or both.

28. The apparatus according to claim 18, wherein the instructions are further executable by the processor to cause the apparatus to: Determine that a readiness indicator for the second set of synchronization signal blocks is false based at least in part on the second refinement state; and Determine that the second power metric fails to meet the threshold, wherein the channel state feedback includes the first power metric based at least in part on the readiness indicator being false and the second power metric failing to meet the threshold.

29. An apparatus for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the apparatus comprising: Components for performing respective beam refinement processes on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based at least in part on the respective beam refinement processes; Components for performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are based at least in part on the measurements; and Components for sending a message indicating channel state feedback including the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric based at least in part on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or based at least in part on the second power metric meeting a threshold.

30. A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication at a user equipment (UE), the code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the following operations: Performing respective beam refinement procedures on a first set of directional beams and a second set of directional beams, the first set of directional beams corresponding to a first set of synchronization signal blocks of a serving cell, and the second set of directional beams corresponding to a second set of synchronization signal blocks of the serving cell, wherein a first refinement state of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second refinement state of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the respective beam refinement procedures; Performing measurements on the first set of synchronization signal blocks and the second set of synchronization signal blocks, wherein a first power metric of the first set of synchronization signal blocks and a second power metric of the second set of synchronization signal blocks are at least partially based on the measurements; and Sending a message indicating channel state feedback including the first power metric or both the first power metric and the second power metric, wherein the channel state feedback includes both the first power metric and the second power metric at least partially based on the first refinement state and the second refinement state or at least partially based on the second power metric satisfying a threshold.

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