Conical hole forming device, connection node plate and conical hole processing and forming method

Abstract

The present application discloses a conical hole forming device, a connecting node plate, and a method for processing and forming a conical hole, and relates to the field of friction welding. The conical hole forming device is used for processing and forming conical holes on a connecting node plate. A conical hole is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island. The connecting node plate can fasten at least two parts to be connected based on a friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of conical holes and conical friction welding islands. The conical hole forming device includes a drill bit and multiple cutting tools. The circumferential side wall of the drill bit is provided with multiple tool mounting grooves. One side of each cutting tool is embedded in a tool mounting groove, and the other side has a cutting structure with a gradually changing size. The extension direction of the cutting structure is consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle of the cutting structure relative to the axis of the drill bit is 1 degree to 5 degrees. Therefore, the present application can extend the tool life, improve the efficiency and quality of conical hole processing, reduce the cost of conical hole processing, and enable the conical hole to better exert its shear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of friction welding, and in particular to a device for forming a tapered hole, a connecting node plate, and a method for processing and forming the tapered hole. Background Art

[0002] In the field of friction welding, traditional tapered hole forming equipment presents numerous challenges. Among them, equipment that performs two-step hole forming typically first produces a cylindrical hole of uniform diameter, then refines the hole shape to create a tapered, tapered hole with a gradually varying diameter. This requires two tool clampings, which increases clamping time and significantly reduces processing efficiency. Multiple clampings can also cause positional deviations in the workpiece (connecting the gusset plate) between clampings, further compromising the precision of the tapered hole. Double hole forming can easily lead to cumulative machining errors, further reducing precision. Furthermore, the two-step hole forming process is more complex, requiring more equipment, manpower, and operational steps, resulting in high costs.

[0003] Even with tools and equipment designed for single-shot hole formation, the tool will experience varying cutting reaction forces during the process due to the significant differences in cutting volume across the height of the tapered hole. This can lead to significant tool wear, and uneven cutting reaction forces can cause uneven tool wear, shortening tool life. Frequent tool changes during batch hole forming not only increase production costs but also reduce efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, tool structure design, tool cost, and tool life play an extremely important role in tapered hole drilling, especially in batch hole production, and play a key role in improving welding quality in the field of friction welding. To overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned traditional methods, it is necessary to develop new tapered hole drilling technologies and equipment to improve tapered hole processing efficiency, reduce costs, improve tapered hole processing accuracy, extend tool life, and improve the problem of mismatch between the side wall of the tapered hole and the tapered weld island on the connection gusset plate, making it difficult to achieve shear resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a tapered hole forming device, a connecting node plate and a tapered hole processing and forming method, which can extend the tool life, improve the tapered hole processing efficiency and processing quality, reduce the tapered hole processing cost, and enable the tapered hole to better exert its shear resistance.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

[0007] First, embodiments of the present application provide a conical hole forming device for forming conical holes in connecting gusset plates. Each conical hole is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island. The connecting gusset plates can be fastened together using a friction welding process by combining multiple sets of conical holes with the conical friction welding islands. The conical hole forming device includes a drill bit and multiple cutting tools. The drill bit has multiple tool mounting slots on its circumferential sidewalls. One side of each cutting tool is embedded in a tool mounting slot, and the other side of each cutting tool has a cutting structure with a gradually varying size. The cutting structure extends in the same direction as the drill bit's axis, and the cutting structure is tilted at an angle of 1 to 5 degrees relative to the drill bit's axis.

[0008] In some embodiments, during the machining process of the tapered hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connection gusset plate is the attacking end; and the thickness of the cutting structure gradually increases along the axial direction away from the attacking end.

[0009] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the tapered hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; the cutting tool is a rectangular tool with constant width and thickness. Along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the depth of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases and the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0010] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the tapered hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; the cutting tool is a trapezoidal tool with a gradually changing width, and the width of the cutting structure gradually increases along the axial direction away from the attacking end.

[0011] In some embodiments, during the machining process of the tapered hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connection gusset plate is the attacking end; along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the number of tool mounting grooves and cutting tools increases.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cutting structure includes a forward blade and a reverse blade, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting structure. The forward blade is used to process the tapered hole when the drill bit rotates forward, and the reverse blade is used to process the tapered hole when the drill bit rotates reversely.

[0013] In some embodiments, one end of the drill bit is the striking end, the other end of the drill bit is the clamping end, and the cutting tool is arranged between the striking end and the clamping end; the tapered hole forming device also includes a stroke control component, which is connected to the clamping end.

[0014] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a connecting node plate, and the conical hole on the connecting node plate is processed by the conical hole forming device provided by any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; wherein, a conical hole is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island, and the connecting node plate can fasten at least two to-be-connected parts based on the friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of conical holes and conical friction welding islands; the connecting node plate includes multiple conical holes, and the multiple conical holes are arranged equidistantly.

[0015] In the third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for processing and forming a tapered hole, and the method for processing and forming a tapered hole is applied to the tapered hole forming device provided by any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; the method for processing and forming a tapered hole includes: controlling the tapered hole forming device to rotationally feed in a direction perpendicular to the connecting node plate at the punching position; wherein the cutting angle of the cutting tool is greater than 80 degrees; based on the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole, controlling the tapered hole forming device to stop feeding when the feed stroke reaches a preset stroke, and the inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting size of the cutting tool at the preset stroke.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tapered hole forming device includes a forward blade and a reverse blade respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting tool, and the tapered hole processing and forming method also includes: during the rotary feeding process, controlling the tapered hole forming device to switch the rotation direction according to the unit time length, so as to grind the reverse blade when the forward blade performs cutting work, and grind the forward blade when the reverse blade performs cutting work.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art are:

[0018] The tapered hole forming device provided by the present application can process and form tapered holes after the tools are clamped once by cooperating with the drill bit and multiple cutting tools, which significantly improves the processing efficiency and processing accuracy and simplifies the processing steps; the cutting structure with gradual size change in the tapered hole forming device can reasonably distribute the cutting amount according to the different heights of the tapered hole, and the wear of the tool is more even, which extends the service life of the tool and thus reduces the tool cost and processing cost; the design of the cutting structure with gradual size change also allows the tapered hole forming device to adaptively adjust itself when processing the tapered hole based on the gradual size change characteristics after the tool is obviously worn. The feed stroke is changed to re-invest in the tapered hole cutting process, which reduces the frequency of tool replacement and improves the applicability and practicality of the cutting tool; the setting of the cutting structure size gradient, the extension direction is consistent with the axial direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle is 1 degree to 5 degrees, which can make the tool cutting force evenly distributed during the tapered hole processing, reduce vibration and deformation, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the tapered hole, and can also make the processed tapered hole and the tapered friction welding island fit more closely, achieve better coaxiality and concentricity, and the tapered hole better play its anti-shear performance, thereby improving the connection quality between the connecting node plate and the part to be connected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a connection gusset plate is used to connect at least two parts to be connected based on a friction welding process by matching a tapered hole with a tapered friction welding island, as shown in some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tapered hole forming device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a tapered hole forming device according to some other embodiments of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device from a first perspective illustrating some further embodiments of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 A second perspective schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device according to some further embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 Schematic side view of a tapered hole forming device according to some further embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic top view of a tapered hole forming device according to some further embodiments of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagrams of a tapered hole forming device from a first perspective illustrating some embodiments of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device from a second perspective illustrating some other embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic side views of tapered hole forming devices according to some other embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 11 Schematic top view of a tapered hole forming device according to some other embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 12Schematic diagram of the process of forming a tapered hole according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Icons: 110-tool mounting groove; 111-attacking end; 112-clamping end; 115-main body; 116-introduction part; 11-drill bit; 120-cutting structure; 121-trapezoidal tool; 122-rectangular tool; 123-forward blade; 124-reverse blade; 12-cutting tool; 13-stroke control component; 1-tapered hole forming device; 20-tapered hole; 2-connecting node plate; 30-circumferential outer wall of conical friction welding island; 3-conical friction welding island; 4-parts to be connected; A-axial direction away from the attacking end; V-width of cutting structure; T-depth of tool mounting groove; W-thickness of cutting structure; α-tilt angle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish and describe, and do not indicate the order of arrangement, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "overhanging" do not necessarily imply that a component must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but rather that it can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but rather that it can be slightly tilted.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "left", "right", "up", "down", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connected" and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the internal parts of two elements.

[0037] The technical solution of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a connection gusset plate 2 is used to securely connect at least two parts 4 to be connected by a friction welding process through the cooperation of a tapered hole 20 and a tapered friction welding island 3 in some embodiments of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the connecting node plate 2 can be laid on the same side of at least two parts 4 to be connected. The connecting node plate 2 can exist in the form of a metal plate structure. The connecting node plate 2 has a plurality of tapered holes 20 passing through the end faces of both ends of the plate. The central axis of the tapered hole 20 is usually perpendicular to the end face of the connecting node plate 2.

[0039] Among them, a conical hole 20 is used to accommodate a conical friction welding disk, and the conical hole 20 can be fastened to the conical friction welding disk based on the friction welding process. Specifically, after the conical friction welding island 3 is installed in the conical hole 20, it is rotated and pushed toward the part to be connected 4 by the welding equipment. When the conical friction welding island 3 is rotated and pushed, the heat generated and accumulated due to friction contact with the part to be connected 4 causes the conical friction welding island 3 to continuously melt the part in friction contact with the part to be connected 4, and then squeeze into the interior of the conical friction welding island 3, the gap between the conical friction welding island 3 and the conical hole 20, and the gap between the conical friction welding island 3 and the part to be connected 4. The molten material reconnects the conical friction welding island 3, the part to be connected 4, and the connecting gusset plate 2, thereby achieving a fast connection between the conical friction welding island 3, the connecting gusset plate 2, and the part to be connected 4.

[0040] The tapered hole forming device 1, the connecting node plate 2, the processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the method of using the connecting node plate 2 based on the friction welding process provided in the above embodiments can be widely used in the field of industrial machinery equipment and engineering structural parts, and can be widely used in operation scenarios such as bridge and building construction.

[0041] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some embodiments of the present application. Figures 1 to 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a conical hole forming device 1, which is used for processing and forming conical holes 20 on the connecting node plate 2. A conical hole 20 is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island 3. The connecting node plate 2 can fasten at least two parts 4 to be connected based on the friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of conical holes 20 and the conical friction welding island 3.

[0042] The tapered hole forming device 1 includes a drill bit 11 and multiple cutting tools 12. The drill bit 11 has multiple tool mounting slots 110 defined on its circumferential sidewalls. One side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting slot 110, and the other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with gradually varying dimensions. The cutting structure 120 extends in the same direction as the axis of the drill bit 11, and the cutting structure 120 is tilted at an angle α of 1 to 5 degrees relative to the axis of the drill bit 11.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the cutting structure 120 refers to the portion of the cutting tool 12, other than the portion embedded in the tool mounting groove 110, that protrudes from the circumferential sidewall of the drill bit 11 and participates in the cutting of the tapered hole 20. Specifically, the drill bit 11 can be a constant diameter drill bit 11 or a tapered drill bit 11 with a gradually radially inwardly tapered tip. The drill bit 11 can be a hollow drill or a solid drill. When the drill bit 11 is a hollow drill, the internal through hole can be set to a constant diameter.

[0044] Furthermore, multiple tool mounting slots 110 can be evenly distributed around the axis of the drill bit 11. The cutting tool 12 can be a trapezoidal tool 121 or a rectangular tool 122. In the present embodiment, the trapezoidal tool 121 refers to a tool whose end face constituting the cutting edge, or whose cross-section extending in the same direction as the cutting edge, is approximately or completely trapezoidal. The rectangular tool 122 refers to a tool whose end face constituting the cutting edge, or whose cross-section extending in the same direction as the cutting edge, is approximately or completely rectangular. The cutting tool 12 can be configured as a dual-section tool. For multiple cutting tools 12 with the same structure and mounting configuration, their corresponding tool mounting slots 110 can be symmetrical about the axis of the drill bit 11.

[0045] Furthermore, the gradual change in the size of the cutting structure 120 refers to a gradual change in the width V or thickness W of the cutting structure. The width V of the cutting structure can refer to the vertical distance or linear distance between the cutting edge (the cutting head of the cutting structure 120) and the circumferential outer wall of the drill bit 11. The thickness W of the cutting structure can refer to the vertical distance, circumferential distance, or linear distance between the two cutting edges when the cutting structure 120 includes two cutting edges for forward cutting and reverse cutting, respectively. Alternatively, the thickness W of the cutting structure can refer to the vertical distance, circumferential distance, or linear distance between the outermost cutting edge and the other edge relative to the circumferential outer wall of the drill bit 11.

[0046] The tapered hole forming device 1 provided in the present application can process and form the tapered hole 20 after the tool is clamped once through the cooperation of the drill bit 11 and multiple cutting tools 12, which significantly improves the processing efficiency and processing accuracy and simplifies the processing steps; the cutting structure 120 with a gradual change in size in the tapered hole forming device 1 can be reasonably distributed according to the cutting amount of the tapered hole 20 at different heights, and the wear of the tool is more even, which extends the service life of the tool and reduces the tool cost and processing cost; the design of the cutting structure 120 with a gradual change in size also allows the tapered hole forming device 1 to adaptively adjust itself when processing the tapered hole 20 based on the gradual change in size characteristics after the tool is obviously worn. feed stroke to re-invest in the cutting process of the tapered hole 20, reducing the frequency of tool replacement and improving the applicability and practicality of the cutting tool 12; the cutting structure 120 has a gradual size change, the extension direction is consistent with the axial direction of the drill bit 11, and the inclination angle α is 1 degree to 5 degrees. This can make the tool cutting force evenly distributed during the processing of the tapered hole 20, reduce vibration and deformation, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the tapered hole 20, and also make the processed tapered hole 20 and the tapered friction welding island 3 fit more closely, achieve better coaxiality and concentricity, and the tapered hole 20 better play its anti-shear performance, thereby improving the connection quality between the connecting node plate 2 and the part to be connected 4.

[0047] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the size gradient of the cutting structure 120 can be achieved through various installation forms and structural forms.

[0048] In some embodiments, during the forming process of the tapered hole 20 , the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connection gusset plate 2 is the attacking end 111 ; along the axial direction A away from the attacking end, the thickness W of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0049] Furthermore, the attacking end 111 can be set to a cone. The inclination of the surface of the cutter head portion of the cutting structure 120 (i.e., the outermost portion of the cutting structure 120 relative to the drill bit 11) can be set according to the preset inclination angle of the circumferential inner wall of the tapered hole 20, which is usually 1 degree to 5 degrees. The thickness W of the cutting structure is gradually changed, that is, the thickness of the cutter head portion of the cutting structure 120 changes with the diameter of the tapered hole 20, the cutter head is thin at the portion with a small diameter, and the cutter head is thick at the portion with a large diameter. For example, the cutting tool 12 is a double-section structure, that is, the thickness W of the cutting structure is from bottom to top in the axial direction of the drill bit 11 ( Figures 2 to 3The thickness of the cutting structure 120 at different heights is positively correlated with the corresponding cutting amount at that height. The cutting amount corresponding to the cutting structure 120 gradually increases from the end of the tapered hole 20 with a smaller inner diameter to the end of the tapered hole 20 with a larger inner diameter.

[0050] In some embodiments, during the formation of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting gusset plate 2 is the attacking end 111; the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 with a constant width and thickness. Along the axial direction A away from the attacking end, the depth T of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases, thereby gradually increasing the width V of the cutting structure. In this embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming device 1 can include a tool mounting groove 110 with a gradually varying depth T on a drill bit 11 of constant diameter, thereby providing the cutting tool 12 embedded in the tool mounting groove 110 with a gradually varying width cutting structure 120.

[0051] In some embodiments, during the formation of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the gusset plate 2 is the attacking end 111. The cutting tool 12 is a trapezoidal tool 121 with a gradually varying width. The width V of the cutting structure gradually increases along the axial direction A away from the attacking end. In this embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming device 1 can include a tool mounting groove 110 of a constant depth T in a drill bit 11 of constant diameter. This allows the gradually varying width V of the cutting structure to be achieved through the gradually varying width of the cutting tool 12 itself.

[0052] In some embodiments, during the forming process of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the gusset plate 2 is the striking end 111. Along the axial direction A away from the striking end, the number of tool mounting slots 110 and cutting tools 12 increases. In this embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming apparatus 1 can add tools based on the variation in cutting volume at different height positions. For example, two cutting tools 12 can be installed in a location with a small cutting volume, while three to five (or more) tools can be installed in a location with a large cutting volume.

[0053] In some embodiments, the cutting structure 120 includes a forward blade 123 and a reverse blade 124, and the forward blade 123 and the reverse blade 124 are respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting structure 120. The forward blade 123 is used to process the tapered hole 20 when the drill bit 11 rotates forward, and the reverse blade 124 is used to process the tapered hole 20 when the drill bit 11 rotates reversely. In the embodiment of the present application, the cutting tool 12 provided with both the forward blade 123 and the reverse blade 124 can also be called a double-section tool. When the tapered hole forming device 1 rotates forward, the forward blade 123 is used to process the tapered hole 20, and the frictional contact between the tapered hole 20 and the reverse blade 124 helps to polish the reverse blade 124; correspondingly, when the tapered hole forming device 1 rotates reversely, the reverse blade 124 is used to process the tapered hole 20, and the frictional contact between the tapered hole 20 and the forward blade 123 helps to polish the forward blade 123.

[0054] In some embodiments, one end of the drill bit 11 is an attacking end 111, and the other end of the drill bit 11 is a clamping end 112. The cutting tool 12 is disposed between the attacking end 111 and the clamping end 112. The tapered hole forming device 1 further includes a stroke control component 13, which is connected to the clamping end 112. Furthermore, the stroke control component 13 can be a scale-type stroke control component 13 or a contact-type stroke control component 13 to more accurately control the processing feed rate of the tapered hole forming device; alternatively, the stroke control component 13 can be a limit component with adjustable total stroke or unit stroke and capable of being locked to accurately control the feed rate of the tapered hole forming device 1 and improve the dimensional processing accuracy of the tapered hole 20.

[0055] In some embodiments, during the forming process of the tapered hole 20 , the end of the equal-diameter drill bit 11 that first contacts the connection gusset plate 2 is the attacking end 111 ; a hollowed-out through hole with a constant inner diameter is provided at the center of the attacking end 111 .

[0056] See Figures 4 to 7 , Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device 1 from a first perspective showing some further embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 A second perspective schematic diagram of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some further embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 Schematic side view of a tapered hole forming device 1 according to some further embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a top view of a tapered hole forming device 1 according to some embodiments of the present application. Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the drill bit 11 may include a main body 115 and an introduction portion 116. The introduction portion 116 is arranged at one end of the main body 115 and is coaxially connected to the main body 115. The introduction portion 116 is radially retracted along the axial direction away from the main body 115, and a plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 are provided on the circumferential side wall of the introduction portion 116.

[0057] Among them, one side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting groove 110, and the other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with a gradually changing size. The extension direction of the cutting structure 120 is consistent with the axial direction of the introduction part 116, and the inclination angle α of the cutting structure 120 relative to the axis of the introduction part 116 is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

[0058] Specifically, the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 or a trapezoidal tool 121. The cutting tool 12 can be a dual-section tool, meaning that the cutting structure 120 can include two cutting edges: a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124. Furthermore, the depth of the multiple tool mounting grooves 110 provided on the circumferential sidewall of the introduction portion 116 can be constant or adaptable to the shape and size of the tool, such that the cutting structure 120, which is exposed and protrudes from the circumferential sidewall of the introduction portion 116, has an inclination angle α of 1 to 5 degrees relative to the central axis of the drill bit 11.

[0059] like Figures 4 to 7 As shown, one end of the introduction portion 116 is a main body portion 115 of equal diameter, and the other end of the introduction portion 116 is a radially inward-contracted and tapered attack end 111. The entire cutting tool 12 is fixed on the circumferential side wall of the introduction portion 116 through the tool mounting groove 110, and both ends of the cutting tool 12 (cutting structure 120) are located on the introduction portion 116.

[0060] See Figures 8 to 11 , Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device 1 from a first perspective showing some embodiments of the present application; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of a tapered hole forming device 1 from a second perspective showing some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 10 Schematic side views of a tapered hole forming device 1 according to yet other embodiments of the present application; Figure 11 FIG. 1 is a top view of a tapered hole forming device 1 according to another embodiment of the present application. Figures 8 to 11 As shown, the drill bit 11 may include a main body 115 and an introduction portion 116. The introduction portion 116 is disposed at one end of the main body 115 and is coaxially connected to the main body 115. The introduction portion 116 is radially inwardly recessed in a direction away from the axis of the main body 115. A plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 are provided on the circumferential sidewalls of the introduction portion 116. One side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting groove 110. The other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with gradually varying dimensions. The extending direction of the cutting structure 120 is aligned with the axial direction of the introduction portion 116. The cutting structure 120 is tilted at an angle α of 1 to 5 degrees relative to the axis of the introduction portion 116.

[0061] Specifically, the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 or a trapezoidal tool 121. The cutting tool 12 can be a dual-section tool, meaning that the cutting structure 120 can include two cutting edges: a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124. Furthermore, the depth of the multiple tool mounting grooves 110 provided on the circumferential sidewall of the introduction portion 116 can be constant or adaptively varied based on the tool's shape and dimensions, such that the cutting structure 120, which is exposed and protrudes from the circumferential sidewall of the introduction portion 116, has an inclination angle α of 1 to 5 degrees relative to the central axis of the drill bit 11.

[0062] like Figures 8 to 11 As shown, one end of the introduction portion 116 is a main body portion 115 of equal diameter, and the other end of the introduction portion 116 is an attacking end 111 whose surface is perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit 11 (the attacking end 111 is only reflected in the form of a horizontal end face). The main part of the cutting tool 12 is fixed to the circumferential side wall of the introduction portion 116 through the tool mounting groove 110, and one end of the cutting tool 12 (cutting structure 120) is sunken and convex relative to the attacking end 111, that is, during the processing of the tapered hole 20, the sunken end of the cutting structure 120 preferentially contacts the node plate.

[0063] Furthermore, the circumferential sidewalls of the drill bit 11 can be partially hollowed out, and the hollowed-out portion is adjacent to the tool mounting groove 110. Where the tool cuts a large amount (i.e., where the diameter of the tapered hole 20 is large), the surface of the drill bit 11 has a small amount of hollowing (indicating a large residual amount); conversely, where the tool cuts a small amount (i.e., where the diameter of the tapered hole 20 is small), the surface of the drill bit 11 has a large amount of hollowing (indicating a small residual amount). Thus, any of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application can provide an integrated tapered hole forming device 1 capable of processing a tapered hole 20 in one go, and the diameter of the tapered hole 20 can be controlled by adjusting the stroke of the drill bit 11. On this basis, the center of the drill bit 11 also needs to be hollowed out with equal diameter to form a hollow drill.

[0064] Compared with the conical knife for one-time hole formation, the conical hole forming device 1 provided in the above embodiment of the present application takes into account the problem that although the difference in the inner diameter of the conical hole 20 in the height direction is small, the position where the inner diameter of the conical hole 20 is larger causes more serious wear on the tool during the forming process. It improves the dimensional consistency and wear consistency of the cutting structure 120 and increases the service life of the conical hole forming device 1.

[0065] Please combine Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a connecting gusset plate 2. The tapered holes 20 on the connecting gusset plate 2 are formed by the tapered hole forming device 1 provided in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application. Each tapered hole 20 is used to accommodate a tapered friction welding island 3. The connecting gusset plate 2 can fasten at least two to-be-connected parts 4 using a friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of tapered holes 20 and tapered friction welding islands 3. The connecting gusset plate 2 includes multiple tapered holes 20, and the multiple tapered holes 20 can be arranged equidistantly.

[0066] Specifically, the connecting node plate 2 can be a rectangular metal plate, and each tapered hole 20 passes through the two end surfaces of the connecting node plate 2. The circumferential inner wall of the tapered hole 20 can be straight or curved, and the curved surface can be concave or convex. The connecting node plate 2 adopts a structure in the form of a tapered group hole. The multiple groups of tapered holes 20 and the tapered friction welding discs wear each other to form a close-fitting component, and the tapered holes 20 are arranged at equal distances. Furthermore, the connecting node plate 2 can adopt a combination of two connection methods: implicit internal connection and explicit point-solid identification welding. The point-solid identification welding is usually configured with a segmented welding connection method with equal distances and lengths.

[0067] Along the axial direction B away from the component to be connected 4 (the direction away from the component to be connected and perpendicular to the connection gusset plate), the rate of increase of the inner diameter Dk of the tapered hole 20 is greater than the rate of increase of the outer diameter Dh of the circumferential outer wall 30 of the tapered friction weld island. The arrangement of the tapered hole 20 and the tapered friction weld island 3 ensures that the tapered friction weld island 3 and the tapered hole 20 fit together and are tightly connected, forming a direct shear-resistant type. This overcomes the shortcomings of conventional high-strength bolts, namely, the side of the screw shank of conventional high-strength bolts has little contact with the cylindrical hole wall and lacks shear resistance. In the embodiments of the present application, the machined tapered hole 20, in conjunction with the tapered friction weld island 3, significantly enhances shear resistance and more evenly distributes the force applied to the bolts on the connection gusset plate 2.

[0068] See Figure 12 , Figure 12 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for forming a tapered hole 20 according to some embodiments of the present application. Figure 12 As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for processing and forming a tapered hole 20, and the method for processing and forming a tapered hole 20 is applied to the tapered hole forming device 1 provided in any embodiment of the present application. The method for processing and forming a tapered hole 20 includes the following steps S110 to S120.

[0069] S110: Control the tapered hole forming device 1 to rotationally feed the punching position on the connecting node plate 2 in a direction perpendicular to the connecting node plate 2; wherein the cutting angle of the cutting tool 12 is greater than 80 degrees.

[0070] S120: Based on the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole 20, the tapered hole forming device 1 is controlled to stop feeding when the feeding stroke reaches a preset stroke. The inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting size of the cutting tool 12 at the preset stroke.

[0071] In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole 20 refers to the diameter of the tapered hole 20 at its largest opening on the gusset plate 2. The cutting structure 120 corresponds to different cutting dimensions at different heights of the drill bit 11. Therefore, during the machining of the tapered hole 20, the feed stroke of the tapered hole forming device 1 must be precisely controlled to mitigate the problem of tapered hole 20 being too large or too small. Furthermore, the tapered hole forming device 1 can be configured for progressive feed to achieve smoother and more precise machining of the tapered hole 20.

[0072] In some embodiments, the tapered hole forming device 1 includes a forward blade 123 and a reverse blade 124 respectively provided on both sides of the cutting tool 12. The method for processing and forming the tapered hole 20 further includes: during the rotary feeding process, controlling the tapered hole forming device 1 to switch the rotation direction according to the unit time length, so as to grind the reverse blade 124 when the forward blade 123 performs the cutting work, and grind the forward blade 123 when the reverse blade 124 performs the cutting work. The present application can adopt a processing method that combines a self-sharpening cutting edge with a progressive feeding method, which progressively utilizes the width of the cutting tool 12 in the tool mounting slot 110 and the cutting tool 12 itself to advance or adjust until the cutting structure 120 is exhausted and the cutting tool 12 is replaced. The embodiments of the present application can effectively improve cutting efficiency and significantly reduce tool costs.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A tapered hole forming device, characterized in that: The conical hole forming device is used for processing and forming conical holes on a connection gusset plate, wherein one conical hole is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island. The connection gusset plate can fasten at least two parts to be connected based on a friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of conical holes and the conical friction welding islands. The conical hole forming device includes: A drill bit, wherein a plurality of tool mounting grooves are provided on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit; A plurality of cutting tools, one side of each cutting tool being embedded in one of the tool mounting grooves, and the other side of each cutting tool having a cutting structure with a gradually varying size, the extending direction of the cutting structure being consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle of the cutting structure relative to the axis of the drill bit being 1 to 5 degrees; During the processing and forming of the tapered hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the thickness of the cutting structure gradually increases, and / or the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

2. The tapered hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting tool is a rectangular tool with constant width and thickness. The depth of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases along the axis direction away from the attacking end.

3. The tapered hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting tool is a trapezoidal tool with a gradually changing width.

4. The tapered hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the tool mounting grooves and the cutting tools increases along the axial direction away from the attacking end.

5. The tapered hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cutting structure includes a forward blade and a reverse blade, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting structure. The forward blade is used to process the tapered hole when the drill bit rotates forward, and the reverse blade is used to process the tapered hole when the drill bit rotates reversely.

6. The tapered hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: One end of the drill bit is the attacking end, the other end of the drill bit is the clamping end, and the cutting tool is arranged between the attacking end and the clamping end; the tapered hole forming device also includes a stroke control component, and the stroke control component is connected to the clamping end.

7. A connection gusset plate, characterized in that: The tapered hole on the connection gusset plate is obtained by machining the tapered hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 6; One of the conical holes is used to accommodate a conical friction welding island. The connecting node plate can fasten at least two parts to be connected based on the friction welding process by cooperating with multiple groups of the conical holes and the conical friction welding island; the connecting node plate includes multiple conical holes, and the multiple conical holes are arranged equidistantly.

8. A method for forming a tapered hole, characterized in that: The tapered hole processing and forming method is applied to the tapered hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 6; the tapered hole processing and forming method comprises: Controlling the tapered hole forming device to rotate and feed in a direction perpendicular to the connection gusset plate at the punching position; wherein the cutting angle of the cutting tool is greater than 80 degrees; Based on the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole, the tapered hole forming device is controlled to stop feeding when the feeding stroke reaches a preset stroke, and the inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting size of the cutting tool at the preset stroke.

9. The method for forming a tapered hole according to claim 8, wherein: The tapered hole forming device includes a forward blade and a reverse blade respectively provided on both sides of the cutting tool, and the tapered hole forming method further includes: During the rotary feeding process, the tapered hole forming device is controlled to switch the rotation direction according to the unit time length to grind the reverse blade when the forward blade performs cutting work, and grind the forward blade when the reverse blade performs cutting work.

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