High-precision detection system for deformation quantity of hollow elevator guide rail
By analyzing the laser distance and vibration signals, combining the deformation of the guide rail and vibration interference, and calculating the deformation coefficient of the guide rail, the problem of deformation measurement error in the vibration state of the elevator rail is solved, and high-precision deformation detection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510366406.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, when the elevator guide rail is detected using laser in a vibrating state, it is difficult to accurately measure the deformation, resulting in measurement errors and unable to provide effective elevator operation guarantees.
The signal processing and data acquisition module are used to obtain the laser distance and vibration signals. By analyzing the fitting curve of the laser distance data sequence and the modal components of the vibration signal, combining the guide rail deformation and vibration interference, the guide rail deformation coefficient is calculated to obtain the deformation variable.
It improves the detection accuracy of elevator guide rail deformation, effectively distinguishes between real deformation and false deformation caused by vibration, reduces misjudgment, and provides reliable global deformation information.
Smart Images
Figure CN120328281A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of elevator guide rail detection, and specifically relates to a high-precision detection system for the deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail. Background Art
[0002] As a core component in the operation of an elevator, the elevator guide rail is responsible for supporting and guiding the up and down movement of the elevator car. Its stability and safety are directly related to the overall performance and use safety of the elevator. During long-term use, the elevator guide rail not only bears the weight of the elevator car and passengers, but also faces impacts and vibrations during startup, braking, and emergencies, and is prone to deformation, wear, and fatigue damage, affecting the smooth operation of the elevator.
[0003] Currently, laser detection technology is often used to detect the deformation of elevator guide rails. However, since the elevator guide rail is in a vibrating state during operation, the vibration will cause deformation of the guide rail, affecting the linearity of the guide rail. Therefore, measurement errors may occur during the process of measuring the deformation of the elevator guide rail using laser detection technology, and the deformation of the elevator guide rail cannot be accurately measured, thus unable to provide strong guarantee for elevator operation. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a high-precision detection system for the deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail, which improves the detection accuracy of the deformation of the hollow elevator guide rail compared with the traditional detection system for the deformation of the hollow elevator guide rail.
[0005] The high-precision detection system for the deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail of this application adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] An embodiment of this application provides a high-precision detection system for the deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail. In the system, there are:
[0007] A signal processing and data acquisition module, which is used to obtain the laser distance and vibration signal of each preset scanning path of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured; the laser distance forms a laser distance data sequence according to time sequence, and the laser distance is the distance between the laser detector and the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured;
[0008] A data analysis module, which is used to, for any scanning path and its laser distance data sequence and vibration signal, by analyzing the bending degree of the fitting curve of the laser distance data sequence and the randomness of the laser distance data sequence, and combining the distance and laser distance data sequence deviation between any scanning path and all other scanning paths, obtain the guide rail deformation degree of any scanning path;
[0009] By analyzing the amplitude fluctuation range of each modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, and combining the frequency distribution and power spectral density distribution of the vibration signal, the vibration interference degree of any one of the scanning paths is obtained;
[0010] Based on the rail deformation degree and the vibration interference degree, the rail deformation coefficient of any one of the scanning paths is obtained;
[0011] Based on the rail deformation coefficients of each scanning path and the difference values of the rail deformation coefficients between different scanning paths, the deformation amount of the hollow elevator rail to be measured is obtained.
[0012] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the rail deformation degree is as follows:
[0013] Evaluate the average bending degree of the fitting curve;
[0014] Perform a run test on the laser distance data sequence to obtain the Z-value statistic;
[0015] Based on the average bending degree and the Z-value statistic, the distance mutation degree of any one of the scanning paths is obtained;
[0016] Record the distance between any one of the scanning paths and the rest of the scanning paths as the path distance; calculate the product of the path distance and the deviation; calculate the cumulative value of the products between any one of the scanning paths and all the rest of the scanning paths;
[0017] The rail deformation degree is positively correlated with the distance mutation degree and the cumulative value respectively.
[0018] In one embodiment, the process of evaluating the average bending degree is as follows:
[0019] Calculate the curvature at each data point on the fitting curve, and calculate the sum value of the curvatures at all data points on the fitting curve; count the data points on the fitting curve where the curvature is not 0, and calculate the cumulative value of the distances between all any two adjacent data points in the statistical result; map the cumulative value to a positive number;
[0020] The average bending degree is evaluated by the ratio of the sum value to the positive number.
[0021] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the distance mutation degree is as follows:
[0022] Take the evaluation result of the average bending degree of the fitting curve as the deformation degree of any one of the scanning paths;
[0023] The distance mutation degree is the product of the deformation degree and the Z-value statistic.
[0024] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the vibration interference degree is as follows:
[0025] By analyzing the amplitude fluctuation range of each modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, the signal complexity of any scanning path is obtained;
[0026] Perform power spectrum analysis on the vibration signal, calculate the product value of the frequency mean and the power spectrum density mean of each signal segment of the vibration signal, and calculate the cumulative result of the product values of all signal segments of the vibration signal;
[0027] The vibration interference degree is positively correlated with the signal complexity and the cumulative result respectively.
[0028] In one embodiment, the process of obtaining the signal complexity is as follows:
[0029] Calculate the amplitude range of each modal component of the vibration signal respectively;
[0030] Arrange the amplitudes of each modal component in time sequence to form an amplitude sequence; map the mean value of the similarity between the amplitude sequences of any modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude sequences of all other modal components to a positive number, denoted as the mapped positive number;
[0031] Calculate the ratio of the range to the mapped positive number for each modal component;
[0032] The signal complexity is the sum of the ratios of all modal components of the vibration signal.
[0033] In one embodiment, the vibration interference degree is the product of the signal complexity and the cumulative result.
[0034] In one embodiment, the guide rail deformation coefficient is the normalized value of the ratio of the guide rail deformation degree to the vibration interference degree.
[0035] In one embodiment, the process of calculating the deformation amount is as follows:
[0036] Calculate the cumulative result of the difference values of the guide rail deformation coefficients between any scanning path and all other scanning paths;
[0037] The deformation amount is positively correlated with the guide rail deformation coefficient of each scanning path and the cumulative result respectively.
[0038] In one embodiment, the deformation amount is the mean value of the product of the guide rail deformation coefficients of all scanning paths and the cumulative result.
[0039] This application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0040] This application analyzes the randomness of the laser distance data sequence and the curvature of its fitting curve, and combines the distance between the scanning paths and the laser distance deviation to accurately obtain the guide rail deformation degree of each scanning path, effectively identify the slight deformation of the guide rail, and improve the detection accuracy;
[0041] Furthermore, by analyzing the vibration signal and obtaining the vibration interference degree, the interference degree of vibration on the guide rail deformation detection can be evaluated, and the real deformation and the false deformation caused by vibration can be effectively distinguished, so as to improve the accuracy of the detection results and avoid unnecessary maintenance due to misjudgment.
[0042] Furthermore, the guide rail deformation degree is combined with the vibration interference degree to calculate the guide rail deformation coefficient, which effectively compensates for the measurement error caused by the disturbance interference during the elevator guide rail laser detection deformation process, improves the guide rail deformation measurement accuracy in the complex operating environment of the hollow elevator, and makes the detection result more reliable; then, the deformation of the hollow elevator guide rail to be tested is obtained, which can provide global deformation information and more intuitively reflect the overall deformation of the guide rail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0044] Figure 1 A block diagram of a high-precision detection system for the deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail provided in this application;
[0045] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a high-precision detection system for deformation of a hollow elevator guide rail provided in one embodiment of the present application;
[0046] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the process of obtaining signal complexity;
[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the process of obtaining shape variables.
[0048] in, Figure 2 1 is the guide rail of the hollow elevator to be tested; 2 is the laser displacement sensor unit in the signal processing and data acquisition module; 3 is the vibration sensor unit in the signal processing and data acquisition module; 4 is the scanning path of the guide rail of the hollow elevator to be tested; 101 is the platform motion control system in this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary", "or", "for example", etc. are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being more preferred or having more advantages than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary", "or", "for example", etc. is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.
[0050] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. It should be understood that unless otherwise specified in this application, " / " means "or".
[0051] In addition, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.
[0052] The following specifically describes the specific solution of a high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail provided by this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 , which shows a block diagram of a high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail provided by an embodiment of this application. The system includes: a platform motion control system 101, a signal processing and data acquisition module 102, a data analysis module 103, a data communication module 104, and a data output module 105.
[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail provided by an embodiment of this application.
[0055] The platform motion control system 101 is responsible for controlling the movement of the laser displacement sensor during the detection of the deformation amount of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured.
[0056] The platform motion control system mainly consists of a two-dimensional electric translation stage, a motion controller, a driver, and a power supply, and is responsible for controlling the movement of the laser displacement sensor during the detection of the deformation amount of the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured to ensure that the laser displacement sensor can cover the entire detection area of the guide rail. The two-dimensional electric translation stage uses a stepper motor with a pulse signal duty cycle of 50%, and its movement is controlled by a pulse signal. The motion controller adopts an open-loop control method.
[0057] The signal processing and data acquisition module 102 is used to obtain the laser distance and vibration signals of each preset scanning path of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured.
[0058] The signal processing and data acquisition module consists of a laser displacement sensor unit 2, a vibration sensor unit 3, and a signal processing unit.
[0059] (1) Laser displacement sensor unit
[0060] The laser displacement sensor unit 2 is responsible for measuring the distance between the laser detector and the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured, and consists of a laser displacement controller, a sensing head, and a monitor. The laser displacement controller emits a laser beam as a detection reference light source. At the same time, it receives the reflected or scattered laser signal, and calculates the distance between the laser detector at the transmitting end and the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured through the phase method.
[0061] The synchronous platform motion control system and the laser displacement sensor unit scan the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured from bottom to top in a line scan manner to obtain continuous laser electrical signals on each scan path 4.
[0062] In this embodiment, the number of scan paths 4 is 3, and the parallel distance between any two adjacent scan paths 4 is 1 cm. The number of scan paths 4 and the parallel distance between any two adjacent scan paths 4 can be set by the implementer himself, and this application does not make special restrictions.
[0063] (2) Signal processing unit
[0064] It is responsible for converting the analog signal output by the laser displacement sensor into a digital signal and performing preliminary processing. Specifically: the electrical signal output by the laser displacement sensor is amplified by an amplifier and then converted into a digital signal through an ADC analog-to-digital converter. Wavelet transform is used to remove signal noise and improve the signal-to-noise ratio to obtain the laser distances on each scan path 4 of the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured. The laser distances on each scan path 4 are arranged in time sequence to form a laser distance data sequence for each scan path 4.
[0065] (3) Vibration sensor unit
[0066] The vibration sensor unit 3 mainly consists of multiple acceleration sensors and a communication component. The acceleration sensors are installed on the guide rail 1 of the hollow elevator to be measured to ensure that each acceleration sensor is on the parallel line of each scan path 4. The acceleration sensors are used to collect the vibration signals of each scan path 4 of the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured. It should be noted that: to ensure the detection accuracy, the acquisition duration of the vibration signals and the laser distance data on all scan paths 4 is the same.
[0067] In this embodiment, the sampling frequency of the vibration signal is 6 Hz. Since the vertical vibration frequency of a high-speed traction elevator is usually less than or equal to 3 Hz, according to the sampling theorem, the sampling frequency should be at least twice the highest frequency of the signal. Therefore, on the basis of ensuring that the sampling frequency is greater than or equal to 6 Hz, the implementer can set the specific value of the sampling frequency by himself.
[0068] The data analysis module 103 is configured to, for any scanning path and its laser distance data sequence and vibration signal, obtain the guide rail deformation degree of any scanning path by analyzing the bending degree of the fitting curve of the laser distance data sequence and the randomness of the laser distance data sequence, and combining the distance and laser distance data sequence deviation between any scanning path and all the remaining scanning paths; obtain the vibration interference degree of any scanning path by analyzing the amplitude fluctuation range of each modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, and combining the frequency distribution and power spectral density distribution of the vibration signal; and further obtain the guide rail deformation coefficient of each scanning path and the deformation amount of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured.
[0069] During the operation of the elevator, the guide rail 1 is subjected to mechanical stresses such as the weights of the car and counterweight, running inertia force, and impact force during braking. Under the long-term action of the above stresses, stress concentration may occur inside the guide rail 1, resulting in depression, protrusion, or torsional deformation of the guide rail 1. In severe cases, cracks and fractures may even occur, reducing the service life of the guide rail 1, increasing the shaking degree of the elevator car during operation, and posing a safety hazard.
[0070] When the guide rail 1 has depression or protrusion deformation, the laser distance data in the laser distance data sequence of the scanning path 4 will have a mutation phenomenon; when the guide rail 1 has torsional deformation, due to the non-planar deformation of its surface shape, the differences between the laser distance data of each scanning path 4 are large. Normally, according to the characteristics of the elevator guide rail 1 itself, the surface shapes of the elevator guide rail areas closer in distance are more similar, and the laser distance consistency is higher. When torsional deformation occurs, the deviation of the laser distance data sequences between the scanning paths 4 closer in distance is larger.
[0071] Based on the above analysis, the fitting curves of the laser distance data sequences of each scanning path 4 are obtained, and the average bending degree of each fitting curve is evaluated. Specifically: for each scanning path 4, calculate the curvature at each data point on the fitting curve, calculate the sum value of the curvatures at all data points on the fitting curve, count the data points on the fitting curve where the curvature is not 0, and calculate the cumulative value of the distances between all any two adjacent data points in the statistical result; map the cumulative value to a positive number; the average bending degree of the fitting curve is evaluated by the ratio of the sum value to the positive number. Among them, the purpose of mapping the cumulative value to a positive number is to avoid the denominator being 0. The calculation of curvature is a well-known technology and will not be elaborated in this application.
[0072] In this embodiment, the least squares method is used to obtain the fitting curve. The least squares method is a well-known technology, and implementers can select other feasible methods to obtain the fitting curve by themselves. This application does not make special restrictions.
[0073] In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent data points is the Euclidean distance.
[0074] In this embodiment, by calculating the sum of the cumulative value and a preset positive number, the purpose of mapping the cumulative value to a positive number is achieved. Here, the value of the preset positive number is preset manually, and the implementer can set its specific value by himself. In this embodiment, the value of the preset positive number is 0.01. There are many methods to map data to positive numbers, and the implementer can select other feasible methods by himself. This application does not make special restrictions.
[0075] For each scanning path 4, perform a run test on the laser distance data sequence of the scanning path 4 to obtain a probability value a and a Z-value statistic. When the probability value is less than the preset significance level, it is determined that the laser distance data sequence of the scanning path 4 does not have obvious randomness, and the Z-value statistic is assigned a value of 1; when the probability value is greater than or equal to the preset significance level and the Z-value statistic is larger, it is determined that the randomness of the laser distance data sequence of the scanning path 4 is stronger, that is, the depression and protrusion phenomena of the elevator guide rail 1 are more obvious. Among them, the run test is a well-known technology and will not be elaborated in this application.
[0076] In this embodiment, the value of the preset significance level is 0.01. When the value of the preset significance level satisfies the interval [0.01, 0.05], the implementer can set the value of the preset significance level by himself.
[0077] Furthermore, through the average bending degree of the fitting curves of each scanning path 4, the Z-value statistics of each scanning path 4, combined with the distance and the deviation of the laser distance data sequence between each scanning path 4 and all the other scanning paths 4, obtain the guide rail deformation degree of each scanning path 4. Specifically:
[0078] Take the evaluation result of the average bending degree of the fitting curve of any scanning path 4 as the deformation degree of the any scanning path 4; take the product of the deformation degree of the any scanning path 4 and the Z-value statistic as the distance mutation degree of the any scanning path 4; denote the distance between the any scanning path 4 and all the other scanning paths 4 as the path distance; calculate the deviation of the laser distance data sequence between the any scanning path 4 and all the other scanning paths 4, and calculate the product of the path distance and the deviation; calculate the cumulative value of the products between the any scanning path 4 and all the other scanning paths 4. The guide rail deformation degree of the any scanning path 4 is positively correlated with the distance mutation degree and the cumulative value respectively.
[0079] In this embodiment, the distance between adjacent scanning paths 4 is 1 cm.
[0080] In this embodiment, the deviation between laser distance data sequences is the DTW (Dynamic Time Warping) distance, which is a well-known technology and will not be elaborated in this application. As another implementation manner, on the basis of being able to measure the deviation between laser distance data sequences, implementers can adopt other existing technologies, such as Euclidean distance, Manhattan distance, etc., and this application does not make special restrictions.
[0081] In this embodiment, the guide rail deformation degree of any one of the scanning paths 4 is the normalized value of the product of the distance mutation degree and the accumulation value. Among them, the Softmax function is used to obtain the normalized value.
[0082] In another embodiment, the guide rail deformation degree of any one of the scanning paths 4 is the normalized value of the sum of the distance mutation degree and the accumulation value. Among them, the Softmax function is used to obtain the normalized value.
[0083] It should be noted that: the guide rail deformation degree is used to characterize the deformation condition of the elevator guide rail 1 on the scanning path 4; the distance mutation degree reflects the local mutation degree of the laser distance data caused by the depression or protrusion on the surface of the elevator guide rail 1; the accumulation value reflects the influence of the surface torsional deformation of the elevator guide rail 1 on the scanning path 4, manifested as the greater the difference in laser distance data between scanning paths 4 that are closer; when the deformation phenomenon generated on the surface of the elevator guide rail 1 is more obvious, the deformation degree of the guide rail 1 is greater, the local mutation condition of the laser distance on the scanning path 4 is more obvious, and the calculated distance mutation degree is greater; the greater the laser distance deviation between scanning paths 4 that are closer, and the greater the calculated accumulation value, the greater the guide rail deformation degree.
[0084] During the operation of the hollow elevator, the imbalance of the rotating components of the traction machine and the phenomenon of increased dryness and friction caused by the long-term lack of lubrication treatment of the elevator guide rail 1 will both cause the hollow elevator to generate system oscillations and mechanical resonance conditions, and further cause the elevator guide rail 1 to generate relatively obvious periodic fluctuating displacements. At the same time, when the elevator guide rail 1 is subjected to high-frequency vibrations, the laser distance data will have a high mutation phenomenon, which may cause misjudgment or missed judgment drawbacks when evaluating the deformation amount of the guide rail 1 through the guide rail deformation degree, reducing the detection accuracy of the deformation amount of the elevator guide rail 1.
[0085] When the vibration of the elevator guide rail 1 is affected by a variety of factors comprehensively, the more complex the frequency components of the vibration signal of the elevator guide rail 1, the more obvious the generated fluctuating displacement condition of the elevator guide rail, and the greater the measurement error of detecting deformation through laser distance; and when the high-frequency energy in the vibration signal of the elevator guide rail 1 is stronger, it means that the possibility of the elevator guide rail 1 being affected instantaneously by external forces is higher, the more serious the resulting laser distance mutation condition, and the smaller the laser distance detection accuracy.
[0086] Based on the above analysis, the modal components of the vibration signals of each scanning path 4 are obtained. By the amplitude fluctuation range of the modal components of the vibration signals of each scanning path 4 and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, combined with the frequency distribution and power spectral density distribution of the vibration signals of each scanning path 4, the vibration interference degree of each scanning path 4 is obtained. The specific process is as follows:
[0087] Taking any one of the scanning paths 4 and its vibration signal as an example, the amplitude range of each modal component of the vibration signal is calculated respectively;
[0088] The amplitudes of each modal component are arranged in time sequence to form an amplitude sequence; the average value of the similarity of the amplitude sequences between any one modal component of the vibration signal and all the other modal components is mapped to a positive number, which is denoted as the mapped positive number;
[0089] The ratio of the range to the mapped positive number of each modal component is calculated; the sum of the ratios of all the modal components of the vibration signal is used as the signal complexity of any one of the scanning paths 4;
[0090] Power spectrum analysis is performed on the vibration signal, the product value of the frequency average and the power spectral density average of each signal segment of the vibration signal is calculated, and the accumulation result of the product values of all the signal segments of the vibration signal is calculated;
[0091] The product of the signal complexity and the accumulation result is used as the vibration interference degree of any one of the scanning paths 4.
[0092] In this embodiment, the similarity between amplitude sequences is the cosine similarity. The method of mapping the cosine similarity to a positive number is: taking the cosine similarity as the exponent of the exponential function with the natural constant as the base; there are many methods to map data to positive numbers, and implementers can select other feasible methods by themselves, and this application does not make special restrictions.
[0093] In another embodiment, the similarity between amplitude sequences is: the reciprocal of the sum of the Euclidean distance between amplitude sequences and a preset value greater than 0, where the preset value greater than 0 is used to avoid the denominator being 0, and the value of the preset value greater than 0 is preset manually, and implementers can set it by themselves. In this embodiment, the value of the preset value greater than 0 is 0.01.
[0094] In this embodiment, each modal component is obtained by ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD). EEMD is a well-known technology, and this application will not elaborate further; as other implementation manners, on the basis of being able to obtain each modal component, implementers can adopt other existing technologies, such as the empirical mode decomposition method, the complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition method, etc., and this application does not make special restrictions.
[0095] In this embodiment, the power spectrum analysis of the vibration signal is performed by the Welch method, which is a well-known technique and will not be elaborated in this application. Implementers can select other feasible methods to perform the power spectrum analysis of the vibration signal by themselves, and this application does not impose special restrictions.
[0096] It should be noted that the vibration interference degree reflects the interference degree of the laser distance measurement caused by system oscillation and mechanical resonance on the scanning path 4 of the elevator guide rail 1; the signal complexity reflects the comprehensive influence of the amplitude change range and amplitude similarity of different modal components; when the frequency components of the vibration signal are more complex, the calculated signal complexity is greater; at the same time, when the high-frequency component characteristics caused by the instantaneous external force on the elevator guide rail 1 are more obvious, the calculated cumulative result is greater, and the vibration interference degree is greater. The schematic diagram of the acquisition process of the signal complexity is as Figure 3 shown.
[0097] Furthermore, when the deformation degree of the surface of the elevator guide rail 1 is greater, the deformation degree of the guide rail on each scanning path 4 of the elevator guide rail 1 is greater, and the interference degree of the laser distance detection deformation by the vibration of the elevator guide rail 1 is more minor.
[0098] Based on the above analysis, the guide rail deformation coefficient of each scanning path 4 is obtained through the guide rail deformation degree and vibration interference degree of each scanning path 4, and the expression is:
[0099] In the formula; represents the guide rail deformation coefficient of the i-th scanning path; ρ i represents the guide rail deformation degree of the i-th scanning path; σ i represents the vibration interference degree of the i-th scanning path; norm() represents the normalization operation. In this embodiment, the Softmax function is used to perform the normalization process.
[0100] It should be noted that the guide rail deformation coefficient reflects the deformation condition of the guide rail 1 under the vibration interference of the scanning path 4; when the vibration interference of the guide rail 1 is smaller and the deformation degree of the guide rail 1 is greater, it means that during the laser detection deformation of the elevator guide rail 1, the laser distance is less affected by the vibration of the elevator guide rail 1, and the surface deformation condition of the elevator guide rail 1 is more obvious.
[0101] When the guide rail deformation coefficients of different scanning paths 4 on the elevator guide rail 1 are greater and the difference in the guide rail deformation conditions between different scanning paths 4 is greater, the deformation amount of the surface of the elevator guide rail 1 is higher. Based on the above analysis, the deformation amount of the hollow elevator guide rail 1 to be measured is obtained through the guide rail deformation coefficients of each scanning path 4 and the difference value between the guide rail deformation coefficients of different scanning paths 4, and the expression is:
[0102] Wherein, μ represents the deformation of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured; I represents the number of scanning paths; represents the guide rail deformation coefficient of the i-th scanning path; represents the cumulative result of the difference values of the guide rail deformation coefficients between the i-th scanning path and all the other scanning paths. The deformation of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured can provide the global deformation information of guide rail 1, and can more intuitively reflect the overall deformation degree of guide rail 1. The schematic diagram of the acquisition process of the deformation is as shown in Figure 4 shown.
[0103] In this embodiment, the difference value between the guide rail deformation coefficients is the absolute value of the difference.
[0104] The data communication module 104 is responsible for data communication and transmission between modules.
[0105] The data communication module is responsible for data communication and transmission between modules. The modules communicate with each other through an RS-232 serial port. The serial port signal format is: COMl port, baud rate 9600, no parity check, 8 data bits, and 1 stop bit.
[0106] The communication content between the platform motion control system and the signal processing and data acquisition module includes: motion instructions and status information to ensure that the laser displacement sensor unit 2 can focus the laser beam on the surface position of the elevator guide rail 1.
[0107] The communication content between the signal processing and data acquisition module and the data analysis module includes: the laser distance data and vibration signals processed by the signal processing unit.
[0108] The communication content between the data analysis module and the data output module includes: the guide rail deformation degree, the vibration interference degree, and the deformation.
[0109] The data output module 105 is used to output and display the guide rail deformation degree, the vibration interference degree, and the deformation.
[0110] The data output module is connected to the LCD liquid crystal display screen and is responsible for outputting and displaying the guide rail deformation degree, the vibration interference degree, and the deformation transmitted by the data analysis module.
[0111] In summary, the present application can accurately obtain the deformation degree of the guide rail of each scanning path, effectively identify the micro deformation of the guide rail, and improve the detection accuracy by analyzing the randomness of the laser distance data sequence and the bending degree of its fitting curve, and combining the distance between the scanning paths and the laser distance deviation;
[0112] Furthermore, by analyzing the vibration signal to obtain the vibration interference degree, the interference degree of vibration on the guide rail deformation detection can be evaluated, which can effectively distinguish the real deformation from the false deformation caused by vibration, improve the accuracy of the detection result, and avoid unnecessary maintenance caused by misjudgment;
[0113] Furthermore, by combining the guide rail deformation degree with the vibration interference degree, the guide rail deformation coefficient is calculated, which effectively compensates the measurement error caused by the disturbance interference in the process of laser detection of the elevator guide rail deformation, improves the measurement accuracy of the guide rail deformation amount in the complex operating environment of the hollow elevator, and makes the detection result more reliable; furthermore, the deformation amount of the to-be-detected hollow elevator guide rail is obtained, which can provide global deformation information and can more intuitively reflect the overall deformation situation of the guide rail.
[0114] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a segment of a program, or a part of code, and the module, the segment of a program, or the part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the block may occur in a different order than marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. In the descriptions corresponding to the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings, the operations or steps corresponding to different blocks may also occur in a different order than disclosed in the description. Sometimes, there is no specific order between different operations or steps. For example, two consecutive operations or steps may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. Each block in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.
[0115] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present application is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the basic features of the present application, the present application can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, from any point of view, the above embodiments of the present application should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive.
Claims
1. A high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail, characterized in that, In the described system, there are: A signal processing and data acquisition module, which is used to obtain the laser distance and vibration signals of each preset scanning path of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured; the laser distances form a laser distance data sequence according to time sequence, and the laser distance is the distance between the laser detector and the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured; A data analysis module, which is used for any scanning path and its laser distance data sequence and vibration signal. By analyzing the bending degree of the fitting curve of the laser distance data sequence and the randomness of the laser distance data sequence, and combining the distance and laser distance data sequence deviation between the any scanning path and all the other scanning paths, the guide rail deformation degree of the any scanning path is obtained; By analyzing the amplitude fluctuation range of each modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, and combining the frequency distribution and power spectral density distribution of the vibration signal, the vibration interference degree of the any scanning path is obtained; Through the guide rail deformation degree and the vibration interference degree, the guide rail deformation coefficient of the any scanning path is obtained; Through the guide rail deformation coefficients of each scanning path and the difference values of the guide rail deformation coefficients between different scanning paths, the deformation amount of the hollow elevator guide rail to be measured is obtained.
2. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 1, wherein The process of obtaining the guide rail deformation degree is as follows: Evaluate the average bending degree of the fitting curve; Perform a run test on the laser distance data sequence to obtain the Z-value statistic; Through the average bending degree and the Z-value statistic, obtain the distance mutation degree of the any scanning path; Record the distance between the any scanning path and all the other scanning paths as the path distance; calculate the product of the path distance and the deviation; calculate the cumulative value of the products between the any scanning path and all the other scanning paths; The guide rail deformation degree is positively correlated with the distance mutation degree and the cumulative value respectively.
3. A high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 2, characterized in that The process of evaluating the average bending degree is as follows: Calculate the curvature at each data point on the fitting curve, and calculate the sum value of the curvatures at all data points on the fitting curve; count the data points on the fitting curve with non-zero curvature, and calculate the cumulative value of the distances between all any two adjacent data points in the statistical result; Map the cumulative value to a positive number; The average bending degree is evaluated by the ratio of the sum value to the positive number.
4. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the distance mutation degree is as follows: Take the evaluation result of the average bending degree of the fitting curve as the deformation degree of the any scanning path; The distance mutation degree is the product of the deformation degree and the Z-value statistic.
5. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 1, wherein, The process of obtaining the vibration interference degree is as follows: By analyzing the amplitude fluctuation range of each modal component of the vibration signal and the amplitude similarity between different modal components, obtain the signal complexity of the any scanning path; Perform a power spectrum analysis on the vibration signal, calculate the product value of the frequency mean and the power spectral density mean of each signal segment of the vibration signal, and calculate the cumulative result of the product values of all signal segments of the vibration signal; The vibration interference degree is positively correlated with the signal complexity and the cumulative result respectively.
6. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 5, wherein, The process of obtaining the signal complexity is as follows: Calculate the amplitude range of each modal component of the vibration signal respectively; Arrange the amplitudes of each modal component in time sequence to form an amplitude sequence; map the average similarity of the amplitude sequences between any modal component of the vibration signal and all other modal components to a positive number, denoted as the mapped positive number. Calculate the ratio of the range of each modal component to the mapped positive number. The signal complexity is the sum of the ratios of all modal components of the vibration signal.
7. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 5, characterized in that, The vibration interference degree is the product of the signal complexity and the accumulation result.
8. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 1, wherein, The guide rail deformation coefficient is the normalized value of the ratio of the guide rail deformation degree to the vibration interference degree.
9. The high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 1, wherein The calculation process of the deformation amount is as follows: Calculate the cumulative result of the difference values of the guide rail deformation coefficients between any scanning path and all other scanning paths. The deformation amount is positively correlated with the guide rail deformation coefficient and the cumulative result of each scanning path respectively.
10. A high-precision detection system for the deformation amount of a hollow elevator guide rail according to claim 9, characterized in that, The deformation amount is the average value of the product of the guide rail deformation coefficients of all scanning paths and the cumulative result.