Offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device utilizing artificial wetland technology

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device utilizing an artificial wetland technology, and belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device comprises a base, a water inlet and a water outlet are formed in the two sides of the base respectively, a lifting cavity corresponding to the water outlet is formed in the base, and a balancing weight is arranged in the lifting cavity in a sliding fit mode; lifting columns are symmetrically and integrally formed at the top end of the balancing weight, air cavities are symmetrically formed in the base, the top ends of the two lifting columns extend into the corresponding air cavities respectively and are in sliding fit with the air cavities, and ventilation assemblies used for conveying air in the air cavities to the water collection and drainage layer are arranged on the inner side walls of the air cavities; a plurality of teeth are arranged on one side of each lifting column in the length direction of the lifting column, and the teeth are meshed with swing assemblies used for generating periodic arc-shaped swing. And a vibration bracket is embedded in the filler layer. According to the invention, offshore tidal energy is utilized to realize self-adaptive opening and closing of the water outlet, and meanwhile, alternate shearing force is generated on the filtering filler in the base, so that the possibility of hardening of the filler after long-time working is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology. Background Art

[0002] Integrated treatment of offshore water quality is an important topic for coping with land-based pollution, eutrophication and marine ecological degradation. As an ecological engineering means, constructed wetland technology has been widely used in the field of improving offshore water quality in recent years. Its core lies in simulating the functions of natural wetlands and purifying water bodies through the synergistic effects of plants, microorganisms and substrates. Offshore constructed wetland systems are usually built in the coastal transition zone, using the root enrichment effect of salt-tolerant plants (such as reeds and suaedas), combined with filler adsorption and microbial degradation to form a multi-stage purification barrier. Tidal dynamic conditions are taken into account in the design, and the hydraulic retention time and pollutant removal efficiency are enhanced through water level regulation. Usually, the constructed wetland technology is used for water quality treatment, mainly including a plant layer (covering layer and plant root layer), a filler layer (main treatment layer, transition layer and anti-seepage layer) and a drainage layer.

[0003] Affected by the lunar gravity, the offshore area experiences two periodic high and low tides (semi-diurnal tides) every day. During high tide, the sea water level can exceed the designed elevation of the constructed wetland outlet. Storm surges caused by typhoons or low-pressure cyclones can raise the sea level in a short time (for example, the storm surge water level rise along the coast of the East China Sea can reach 3-5 meters). When superimposed with the astronomical spring tide, the water level outside the outlet rises sharply, forming a reverse water pressure gradient. As a result, sea water flows reversely into the interior of the constructed wetland through the outlet weir gate, pipeline or overflow tank. The backflowing sea water carries heavy metals (such as Cd and Pb concentrations can reach 0.1-0.5 mg / L) and organic pollutants in the offshore sediments. After being adsorbed on the filler layer (zeolite, sand and gravel), they are difficult to degrade naturally. At the same time, for some freshwater wetland plants (such as reeds and cattails), their roots are poisoned by ions after contacting salts (EC > 2 dS / m), and the leaves turn yellow and wither (salt damage threshold: salinity > 0.5%). This seriously affects the water quality treatment effect. At the same time, in the actual application process, the permeability of the constructed wetland filler layer (sand and gravel, zeolite) decreases due to particulate deposition after long-term operation.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention proposes an integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology, which utilizes the tidal energy of the offshore area to realize the adaptive opening and closing of the drainage outlet, and at the same time generates an alternating shear force on the filter filler inside the base, reducing the possibility of the filler becoming compacted after long-term operation.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An integrated coastal water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology, including a base, in which a plant layer, a filler layer, and a drainage layer are filled in sequence from top to bottom. An inlet and an outlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the base. A lifting cavity corresponding to the outlet is opened inside the base. A counterweight block is slidably fitted inside the lifting cavity. The outlet is located within the movement track of the counterweight block, and the counterweight block divides the lifting cavity into a drainage chamber and a hydraulic chamber from top to bottom. A number of balance ports communicating with the hydraulic chamber are opened at the bottom of the base;

[0007] Lifting columns are integrally formed symmetrically at the top of the counterweight block. The lifting columns are all slidably fitted with the drainage chamber. Air cavities are symmetrically arranged inside the base. The top ends of the two lifting columns respectively extend into the corresponding air cavities and are slidably fitted with them. Ventilation components for delivering the gas in the air cavity to the drainage layer are arranged on the inner side walls of the air cavities;

[0008] A number of teeth are arranged along the length direction on one side of the lifting column. The teeth are all engaged with a swing component for generating a periodic arc swing; A vibration support is embedded in the filler layer. The vibration support is located within the movement track of the swing component, and when the swing component moves, the vibration support makes a horizontal reciprocating motion.

[0009] Principle of the basic scheme: During the flood tide stage, seawater surges into the hydraulic chamber through the bottom balance port. The rising water level pushes the counterweight block upward, compressing the space of the drainage chamber and forcing the outlet to close, preventing seawater backflow. During the ebb tide stage, the seawater level drops, the counterweight block moves downward under gravity, the seawater in the hydraulic chamber is discharged, the space of the drainage chamber expands, and the outlet opens to allow the treated water to flow out. When the counterweight block rises and falls, the lifting column drives the teeth to drive the swing component to generate a periodic arc swing, thereby pushing the vibration support to make a horizontal reciprocating motion, destroying the compacted structure of the filler layer. At the same time, when the lifting column slides in the air cavity, the gas is compressed or released, and the gas is delivered to the backwash pipe of the drainage layer through the ventilation component, generating a pulsed air flow disturbance to further clean the pores of the filler.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects: 1. This device realizes the dual functions of automatically locking the outlet during high tide and independently draining water during low tide through the dynamic linkage between the counterweight block and the tidal water level. Tidal energy is directly converted into mechanical lifting power without external energy input, significantly reducing the operating cost. The counterweight block moves upward under the seawater pressure during the flood tide stage, forcibly closing the outlet, effectively blocking the path of high-salinity seawater backflow, and avoiding damage to the functions of wetland plants and microbial communities due to salinity shock; during the ebb tide, the counterweight block moves downward under gravity, the drainage chamber expands and the outlet opens, ensuring the smooth discharge of the purified water. This mechanism deeply integrates the natural law of tidal ebb and flow with the hydraulic regulation of constructed wetlands, not only ensuring the stability of the system under extreme tidal conditions, but also achieving the coordinated optimization of energy input and ecological protection.

[0011] 2. In this solution, the lifting column drives the linkage between the swinging component and the vibration support. Combined with the pulse air flow backwash generated by the compression of the air cavity, a dual self-cleaning mode of "mechanical vibration + pneumatic disturbance" is formed. When the counterweight rises and falls periodically with the tide, the meshing transmission between the teeth and the swinging component converts the linear motion into the horizontal reciprocating motion of the vibration support, continuously destroying the agglomerated structure of the packing layer. Synchronously, the lifting column slides in the air cavity to compress the gas, and the pulse air flow is conveyed to the water collection and drainage layer through the ventilation component. The air flow diffuses along the backwash pipe array and penetrates the pores of the packing, stripping the adsorbed colloidal particles and biofilms. The mechanical vibration and the air flow disturbance complement each other in time and space: the vibration acts on the loosening of the large-scale packing skeleton, and the air flow is targeted at the fine cleaning of the micro-pores. The cooperation of the two not only greatly delays the risk of blockage, but also maintains the activity of the biofilm on the packing surface through periodic stimulation, thereby enhancing the continuous degradation ability of pollutants and achieving a double breakthrough in treatment efficiency and service life.

[0012] Furthermore, the ventilation components all include backwash pipes arranged in the water collection and drainage layer. A number of air holes are formed on the surfaces of the backwash pipes, and balance components for controlling the internal air pressure balance of the air cavity are arranged in the air cavity.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The introduction of the balance component ensures that the air pressure fluctuation is always within a controllable range during the reciprocating motion of the lifting column driven by the tide by adjusting the internal air pressure of the air cavity in real time. When the lifting column rises to compress the air cavity, the balance component (such as a one-way valve) actively releases the excessive air pressure to avoid the impact damage of the air pressure peak on the air holes of the backwash pipe. When the lifting column descends, the balance component quickly replenishes the external air to prevent the air cavity from forming a negative pressure and causing the interruption of the backwash air flow.

[0014] Furthermore, the backwash pipes are arranged in an annular array.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The backwash pipes are arranged in an annular array, combined with the gradient distribution design of the surface air holes (such as sparse in the center and dense at the edge), so that the air flow diffuses radially from the center to the periphery of the water collection and drainage layer. The annular layout naturally matches the horizontal penetration direction of the packing layer, and the air flow forms an orthogonal intersection with the water flow path during the rising process, maximizing the stripping of the pollutants adsorbed on the surface of the packing.

[0016] Furthermore, the balance components all include balance channels arranged on the inner wall of the air cavity. One-way valves are arranged in the balance channels, and the one-way valves are closed when the lifting column rises, and vice versa.

[0017] Beneficial effects: The opening and closing logic of the one-way valve is strictly coupled with the movement direction of the lifting column, forming a one-way guiding mechanism for gas flow. When the lifting column rises to compress the air chamber, the one-way valve closes, forcing all the gas to enter the recoil pipe through the ventilation component, converting the concentrated air pressure energy into a directional high-pressure air flow, and avoiding the energy loss caused by the gas escaping from the balance channel. When the lifting column descends, the one-way valve opens, and the external air quickly replenishes the negative pressure of the air chamber, maintaining the dynamic balance of the internal air pressure of the air chamber and reserving energy for the next compression cycle. During high tide, the high-pressure gas in the air chamber can only be released through the recoil pipe, preventing the high-pressure gas from flowing back into the water inlet or drainage chamber and disturbing the hydraulic balance. During low tide, the one-way valve opens to supplement air, but the external water body or impurities cannot reverse infiltrate into the air chamber due to the one-way nature of the valve, preventing the corrosion and blockage of the air chamber caused by seawater backflow or particle intrusion.

[0018] Further, the swing components each include a swing cavity provided inside the base. A gear is rotatably connected inside each swing cavity. The gears are all meshed with the teeth. One side of each gear is fixedly connected with a cam rod.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The meshing drive between the gear and the teeth of the lifting column converts the linear motion driven by the tide into the precise rotation of the gear. Combined with the eccentric structure of the cam rod, the rotational motion is further converted into a periodic arc swing, thereby realizing the reciprocating motion of the vibration support.

[0020] Further, the vibration support includes a number of main moving rods corresponding to the cam rods and a number of auxiliary moving rods. One end of each main moving rod extends into the swing cavity and contacts the cam rod. Both ends of the main moving rod are slidably matched with the base. A spring is sleeved around one end of each main moving rod close to the cam rod. One end of the spring is fixed to the main moving rod, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the inner wall of the swing cavity. A number of first scraping rods are fixedly connected between adjacent main moving rods, and a number of second scraping rods are fixedly connected between adjacent auxiliary moving rods. A number of connecting rods are fixedly connected between adjacent main moving rods and auxiliary moving rods.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The main moving rods and the auxiliary moving rods form a grid-shaped vibration network through the connecting rods and scraping rods. When the cam rod drives the main moving rod to reciprocate horizontally, the auxiliary moving rod is synchronously driven by the connecting rod, expanding the vibration effect from a local single point to the entire packing layer. The first scraping rods and the second scraping rods are staggered, generating multi-directional shear forces during horizontal vibration, effectively peeling off the pollutants adhered to the surfaces of the packing at different depths, especially achieving three-dimensional cleaning for the deep compacted areas (such as the zeolite layer), and avoiding the problem of uneven cleaning caused by one-way vibration. The elastic reset mechanism of the spring offsets the inertial impact during the return stroke of the cam rod, ensuring that the main moving rod always closely fits the cam surface, preventing vibration attenuation or phase shift caused by mechanical clearance. The spring stiffness is matched with the tidal driving frequency (such as low stiffness adapting to high-frequency micro-amplitude vibration), reducing component wear while maintaining the motion accuracy, and ensuring the reliability and durability of the system during long-term tidal cycles.

[0022] Furthermore, one end of the main moving rod close to the cam rod is a spherical body.

[0023] Beneficial effects: The end face of the sphere forms rolling friction contact with the curved surface of the cam rod, which greatly reduces the motion resistance and wear rate compared with the plane sliding friction. The multi-directional freedom of the sphere can adaptively compensate for the slight deviation of the swing trajectory of the cam rod, avoid the stagnation or vibration energy loss caused by mechanical misalignment, and ensure the efficient conversion of tidal energy into vibration driving force. The spherical contact diffuses the local load from point contact to surface contact, and combined with the elastic buffer of the spring, effectively suppresses the stress concentration caused by high-frequency vibration.

[0024] Furthermore, the first scraper rod and the second scraper rod are both prismatic structures.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The sharp edges of the prism (such as the 60° angle of the hexagonal prism) form a directional shear front in the horizontal reciprocating motion, which improves the stripping efficiency of the biofilm on the filler surface and the particle bonding layer compared to the cylindrical structure. The asymmetric edges of the prism induce local turbulence during movement, enhance the vortex disturbance of the fluid in the pores, and force the deeply adsorbed colloidal particles to detach from the filler surface, especially for the efficient removal of sticky organic matter.

[0026] Furthermore, the length of the main moving rod is greater than that of the auxiliary moving rod.

[0027] Beneficial effect: The main moving rod is longer than the auxiliary moving rod, forming a "main drive and slave" power transmission level. The main moving rod generates a large range of dominant vibrations under the drive of the swing assembly, and the auxiliary rod is pulled by the connecting rod to perform a small amplitude auxiliary vibration. The long stroke of the main rod ensures the loosening of the overall skeleton of the packing layer, while the short stroke of the auxiliary rod finely cleans the local pores. The two work together to achieve a dual cleaning mode of "global coverage + fixed-point breakthrough", avoiding deep compaction or surface overshoot problems caused by a single amplitude.

[0028] Furthermore, a plurality of asymmetric sawtooth protrusions are provided on the surfaces of the main moving rod, the auxiliary moving rod, the first scraping rod and the second scraping rod.

[0029] Beneficial effect: The inclined surface design of the asymmetric sawtooth matches the reciprocating motion direction of the vibration bracket. In the forward stroke, the sharp angle of the leading edge cuts into the filler plate layer, generating high-strength shear force and effectively crushing stubborn plate lumps; in the return stroke, the gentle slope of the trailing edge reduces the movement resistance and avoids the filler particles from backfilling the pores.

[0030] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is an overall isometric view of an embodiment of a device for comprehensive treatment of offshore water quality using artificial wetland technology according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a lateral cross-sectional view of the base of an embodiment of the offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device using the constructed wetland technology of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a front cross-sectional view of the counterweight and ventilation assembly of an embodiment of the offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device using the constructed wetland technology of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a front cross-sectional view of the swing assembly of an embodiment of the offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device using the constructed wetland technology of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an enlarged view of part A of an embodiment of the offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device using the constructed wetland technology of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the vibration support of an embodiment of the offshore water quality comprehensive treatment device using the constructed wetland technology of the present invention.

[0037] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1, base; 2, water inlet; 3, water outlet; 4, balance port; 5, drainage layer; 6, filler layer; 7, vibration support; 701, main moving rod; 702, auxiliary moving rod; 703, first scraping rod; 8, plant layer; 9, lifting cavity; 10, counterweight; 11, seawater; 12, hydraulic chamber; 13, backwashing pipe; 14, air cavity; 15, check valve; 16, swing cavity; 17, spring; 18, cam rod; 19, gear; 20, lifting column. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 : An integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology, including a base 1. An inlet 2 and an outlet 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the base 1. Inside the base 1, a plant layer 8, a filler layer 6, and a drainage layer 5 are filled in sequence from top to bottom. For offshore areas, the plant layer 8 can preferably be salt-tolerant plants, such as mangrove plants, which can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, and at the same time, the roots provide an attachment environment for microorganisms. The filler layer 6 can be divided into different levels according to actual treatment requirements (such as adsorbing heavy metals, removing organic matter, etc.), such as coarse sand, zeolite, activated carbon, etc. The preferred filling material for the drainage layer 5 is gravel. And in order to facilitate the rapid discharge of the filtered and purified water from the outlet 3, a number of porous pipes communicating with the outlet 3 can be installed at the bottom of the base 1 to uniformly collect the treated water, prevent blockage, and improve the overall efficiency of water treatment.

[0044] When the water to be treated enters the inside of the base 1 through the inlet 2, it will sequentially pass through the plant layer 8, the filler layer 6, and the drainage layer 5, and purify the water quality through steps such as physical sedimentation, physical filtration, microbial decomposition, plant absorption, and chemical adsorption.

[0045] When using constructed wetland technology for water quality treatment in offshore areas, due to natural phenomena such as tides and typhoons, for the treatment device built in the coastal transition zone, seawater 11 is likely to backflow. The high-salt seawater 11 is likely to damage the ecological balance in the constructed wetland, causing the microorganisms and plants in it to die quickly, and affecting the water quality purification effect. At the same time, when the salt in the seawater 11 forms crystals in the filler layer 6, it will also cause hardening, resulting in low filtration efficiency and blocking the porous pipes, affecting drainage.

[0046] Therefore, a lifting cavity 9 corresponding to the water outlet 3 is formed inside the base 1. A counterweight 10 is slidably fitted inside the lifting cavity 9. The water outlet 3 is located within the movement trajectory of the counterweight 10, and the counterweight 10 divides the lifting cavity 9 from top to bottom into a drainage chamber and a hydraulic chamber 12. A number of balance ports 4 communicating with the hydraulic chamber 12 are formed at the bottom of the base 1. That is, during the rising tide stage, seawater 11 floods into the hydraulic chamber 12 through the bottom balance ports 4. The rising water level pushes the counterweight 10 upward (the principle of communicating vessels), compressing the space of the drainage chamber and forcing the water outlet 3 to close, preventing the seawater 11 from flowing back, effectively blocking the path of high-salinity seawater 11 from flowing back, and avoiding the functional damage of wetland plants and microbial communities due to salinity shock. During the ebb tide stage, the water level of the seawater 11 drops, the seawater 11 in the hydraulic chamber 12 is discharged, the counterweight 10 moves downward under gravity, the space of the drainage chamber expands, and the water outlet 3 opens, allowing the treated water to flow out.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] The difference from the above embodiment is that as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, lifting columns 20 are symmetrically and integrally formed at the top end of the counterweight 10, making the overall shape of the counterweight 10 a concave structure. The lifting columns 20 are all slidably fitted with the drainage chamber. Air cavities 14 are symmetrically arranged inside the base 1. The top ends of the two lifting columns 20 respectively extend into the corresponding air cavities 14 and are slidably fitted with them. Ventilation components for delivering the gas in the air cavities 14 to the drainage layer 5 are arranged on the inner side walls of the air cavities 14. The ventilation components all include backwash pipes 13 arranged in the drainage layer 5. A number of air holes are formed on the surfaces of the backwash pipes 13. The backwash pipes 13 are arranged in a circular array. Balance components for controlling the air pressure balance inside the air cavities 14 are arranged in the air cavities 14. Among them, the balance components all include balance channels arranged on the inner walls of the air cavities 14. Check valves 15 are arranged in the balance channels. When the lifting column 20 rises, the check valve 15 closes, and vice versa, the check valve 15 opens.

[0049] As described in Embodiment 1, when the tide rises, the counterweight 10 rises. At this time, the lifting columns 20 integrally formed with the counterweight 10 synchronously extend into the air cavities 14, compressing the internal gas. The balance channels in the air cavities 14 trigger the check valves 15 to close due to the increased pressure, forcing the high-pressure gas to be delivered to the circular backwash pipes 13 in the drainage layer 5 through the ventilation components. The air holes on the surfaces of the backwash pipes 13 jet spiral rising pulsed airflows, penetrating the pores of the packing layer 6 and peeling off the adsorbed colloidal particles. During the ebb tide stage, when the lifting columns 20 move downward, a negative pressure is formed in the air cavities 14, the check valves 15 in the balance channels open, and external air quickly replenishes to restore the air pressure balance, and the backwash pipes 13 stop jetting air. Thus, periodic pulsed airflows are formed for the undulation of the seawater 11 plane near the sea, penetrating the packing pores and peeling off the adsorbed colloidal particles and biofilms.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] The difference from the above embodiment is that, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, a number of teeth are welded along the length direction on one side of the lifting column 20, and each tooth is engaged with a swing assembly for generating a periodic arc swing. Each swing assembly includes a swing cavity 16 provided inside the base 1. A gear 19 is rotatably connected inside each swing cavity 16. Each gear 19 is engaged with the teeth, and a cam rod 18 is welded on one side of each gear 19.

[0052] A vibration support 7 is embedded in the packing layer 6. The vibration support 7 is located within the movement track of the cam rod 18, and when the cam rod 18 moves, the vibration support 7 makes a horizontal reciprocating motion. As Figure 6 shown, the vibration support 7 includes a number of main moving rods 701 corresponding to the cam rod 18 and a number of secondary moving rods 702. One end of each main moving rod 701 extends into the swing cavity 16 and contacts the cam rod 18. Both ends of each main moving rod 701 are slidably fitted with the base 1. A spring 17 is sleeved around one end of each main moving rod 701 close to the cam rod 18. One end of each spring 17 is fixedly connected to the main moving rod 701, and the other end of each spring 17 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the swing cavity 16; A number of first scraping rods 703 are welded between adjacent main moving rods 701, and a number of second scraping rods are welded between adjacent secondary moving rods 702; A number of connecting rods are welded between adjacent main moving rods 701 and secondary moving rods 702.

[0053] During high tide, the teeth on the side of the lifting column 20 drive the gear 19 inside the swing cavity 16 to rotate, driving the cam rod 18 to make a periodic arc swing. The curved surface of the cam rod 18 pushes the main moving rod 701 of the vibration support 7 to make a horizontal reciprocating motion. The main moving rod 701 pulls the secondary moving rod 702 through the connecting rod, driving the first scraping rod 703 and the second scraping rod to form a grid-like shear disturbance, destroying the packing caking structure. The spring 17 provides an elastic restoring force when the cam rod 18 returns, ensuring that the main moving rod 701 always fits the cam curved surface. At the same time, in order to ensure smooth pushing between the cam rod 18 and the main moving rod 701, one end of the main moving rod 701 close to the cam rod 18 is a sphere, so as to reduce the friction coefficient between the two, improve the transmission efficiency, and ensure the normal progress of the shearing motion. Therefore, the length of the main moving rod 701 also needs to be greater than that of the secondary moving rod 702, so that when the main moving rod 701 and the secondary moving rod 702 move in the packing layer 6, they will not collide with the base 1. During the ebb tide stage, the gear 19 drives the cam rod 18 to swing back under the reverse drive of the teeth, and the main moving rod 701 is reset under the action of the spring 17 to form a reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction. The packing layer 6 is loosened, and in cooperation with the pulsed air flow in Example 2, the porosity of the packing is increased, the residence time of the liquid in it is increased, and sufficient oxygen is provided for the organic microorganisms to facilitate their microbial decomposition (water quality purification).

[0054] At the same time, in order to further crush some already compacted fillers, the first scraper 703 and the second scraper are both prism structures, and the sharp edges of the prism (such as the 60° angle of the hexagonal prism or the 90° angle of the quadrangular prism) form a directional shear front in the horizontal reciprocating motion, which improves the stripping efficiency of the biofilm on the filler surface and the particle bonding layer, as well as the crushing of the compacted filler, and improves the overall porosity of the filler layer 6. The asymmetric edges of the prism induce local turbulence during movement, enhance the vortex disturbance of the fluid in the pores, and force the deeply adsorbed colloidal particles to separate from the filler surface, especially for the efficient removal of viscous organic matter. At the same time, the main moving rod 701, the auxiliary moving rod 702, the first scraper 703 and the second scraper are all provided with a number of asymmetric serrated protrusions on the surface. In the forward stroke, the front edge sharp angle cuts into the filler compaction layer, generating high-intensity shear force to further crush the agglomerates.

[0055] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology, comprising a base (1). The base (1) is filled with a plant layer (8), a packing layer (6), and a water collection and drainage layer (5) in sequence from top to bottom. An inlet (2) and an outlet (3) are respectively arranged on both sides of the base (1). It is characterized in that, Inside the base (1), there is a lifting cavity (9) corresponding to the water outlet (3). A counterweight (10) is slidably fitted inside the lifting cavity (9). The water outlet (3) is located within the movement trajectory of the counterweight (10), and the counterweight (10) divides the lifting cavity (9) from top to bottom into a drainage chamber and a hydraulic chamber (12). A number of balance ports (4) communicating with the hydraulic chamber (12) are opened at the bottom of the base (1). At the top of the counterweight (10), lifting columns (20) are symmetrically and integrally formed. The lifting columns (20) are all slidably fitted with the drainage chamber. Inside the base (1), air cavities (14) are symmetrically arranged. The tops of the two lifting columns (20) respectively extend into the corresponding air cavities (14) and are slidably fitted with them. On the inner side walls of the air cavities (14), ventilation components are provided for delivering the gas in the air cavities (14) to the water collection and drainage layer (5). On one side of each lifting column (20) along its length direction, a number of teeth are provided. The teeth are all engaged with a swing component for generating a periodic arc swing. A vibration support (7) is embedded in the packing layer (6). The vibration support (7) is located within the movement trajectory of the swing component, and when the swing component moves, the vibration support (7) makes a horizontal reciprocating movement.

2. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation components both include a backwash pipe (13) arranged in the water collection and drainage layer (5). A number of air holes are opened on the surface of the backwash pipe (13). Inside the air cavities (14), balance components are provided for controlling the air pressure balance inside the air cavities (14).

3. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 2, characterized in that: The backwash pipes (13) are arranged in a circular array.

4. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 3, characterized in that: The balance components both include balance channels arranged on the inner walls of the air cavities (14). Check valves (15) are arranged in the balance channels. When the lifting column (20) rises, the check valve (15) closes, and vice versa, the check valve (15) opens.

5. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using the constructed wetland technology according to claim 4, characterized in that: The swing components both include a swing cavity (16) arranged inside the base (1). A gear (19) is rotatably connected inside the swing cavity (16). The gears (19) are all engaged with the teeth. On one side of each gear (19), a cam rod (18) is fixedly connected.

6. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration support (7) includes a number of main moving rods (701) corresponding to the cam rods (18) and a number of auxiliary moving rods (702). One end of each main moving rod (701) extends into the swing cavity (16) and contacts the cam rod (18). Both ends of the main moving rod (701) are slidably fitted with the base (1). A spring (17) is sleeved on one end of the main moving rod (701) close to the cam rod (18). One end of the spring (17) is fixedly connected to the main moving rod (701), and the other end of the spring (17) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the swing cavity (16). A number of first scraping rods (703) are fixedly connected between adjacent main moving rods (701). A number of second scraping rods are fixedly connected between adjacent auxiliary moving rods (702). A number of connecting rods are fixedly connected between adjacent main moving rods (701) and auxiliary moving rods (702).

7. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the main moving rod (701) close to the cam rod (18) is a sphere.

8. The comprehensive offshore water quality treatment device using the constructed wetland technology according to claim 7, characterized in that: Both the first scraping rod (703) and the second scraping rod are in a prism structure.

9. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using constructed wetland technology according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lengths of the main moving rods (701) are all greater than those of the auxiliary moving rods (702).

10. The integrated offshore water quality treatment device using the constructed wetland technology according to claim 9, characterized in that: The surfaces of the main moving rod (701), the auxiliary moving rod (702), the first scraping rod (703) and the second scraping rod are all provided with a number of asymmetric serrated protrusions.

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