Goalpost sand trap, non-excavation sand-fixing system and method for gobi region

Abstract

The application discloses a goal type sand trapping barrier, a non-excavation sand fixing system and method for a gobi area. The non-excavation sand fixing system for the gobi area comprises a suspension type wind barrier, a goal type sand trapping barrier and a suspension type sand fixing assembly arranged in sequence along a main wind direction, wherein the distance between the suspension type wind barrier and the goal type sand trapping barrier is d1, the distance between the goal type sand trapping barrier and the suspension type sand fixing assembly is d2, and the distance between the suspension type sand fixing assembly and a protected object is d3, d1 < 20h1, h1 is the height of the suspension type wind barrier, the value range of h1 is 1.5-2.5 m, d2 < 20h2, h2 is the height of the goal type sand trapping barrier, the value range of h2 is 1.5-2.5 m, and the value range of d3 is 10-50 m. The suspension type wind barrier and the goal type sand trapping barrier in the upwind direction can effectively trap wind sand, and the suspension type sand fixing assembly in the downwind direction can completely fix the remaining wind sand which is not intercepted, so that the problem of sand and dust flying caused by engineering construction and human intervention in the process of wind sand protection can be reduced while the gobi sand disaster is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological environment management technology in desert areas, and in particular to a goal-type sand trapping barrier, a non-excavation sand fixation system and method for Gobi regions. Background Technology

[0002] In the Gobi Desert region, common wind and sand protection measures include various tall, vertical sand barriers, sand-fixing grids, sand retaining walls, and windbreak and dust suppression nets. These measures typically require the pouring of foundation piles, followed by the erection of columns and fixing stakes to stabilize the mesh structure or wall. However, the related excavation work inevitably damages the Gobi surface. Sedimentation ditches, intercepting ditches, and sand-retaining dikes are also commonly used sand-fixing methods in the Gobi Desert region. Due to their bidirectional blocking and minimal outflow characteristics, they generally have high sand-fixing efficiency. However, these measures cause extremely severe damage to the Gobi surface. Firstly, the ditches are strip-shaped, with large excavation depths and areas. The excavated fine material often accumulates upwind of the intercepting ditches, forming sand-retaining dikes, which leads to severe wind erosion and dust problems.

[0003] Furthermore, covering measures such as biological crusts, sand-fixing agents, hydroseeding, clay, bentonite, and gravel mulching have shallow penetration depths and low strength, covering only a few millimeters to a few centimeters of the surface. The surface strength of these coverings is insufficient to withstand rolling or trampling, making them easily damaged or even pressed into the sand layer, exposing the underlying fine sand and thus triggering wind erosion. Especially in the early stages of large-scale wind and solar power base construction in the Gobi Desert, surface disturbances can generate large amounts of dust, posing a risk of sand burial to downstream transportation and infrastructure. The gravel layer near the Gobi surface is typically only a few centimeters to a dozen centimeters thick, beneath which lies a layer of mirabilite, saline-alkali soil, or hard clay several tens of centimeters thick, with a thicker mixture of fine sand and gravel at the bottom. The surface gravel layer acts like armor, protecting the underlying fine material from wind erosion. Therefore, the basic principle of wind and sand protection in the Gobi Desert is to minimize disturbance and implement greening in areas suitable for such afforestation. In the Gobi Desert region of Northwest my country, important infrastructure such as new energy bases, transportation, and national defense are widely distributed. However, there are still many technical difficulties in the practice of wind and sand control that have not yet been overcome, making regional desertification control difficult and urgent.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, we need to provide an effective wind and sand control solution for the Gobi region to reduce or avoid disturbances, thereby mitigating the dust hazards that human-induced disturbances may cause in wind and sand protection. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a goal-type sand trap, a non-excavation sand fixation system and method for Gobi Desert regions, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention provides a goal-type sand trapping barrier, including a wind-blocking unit and a sand trapping unit. The wind-blocking unit includes at least one sand trapping barrier, and the sand trapping unit includes a sand trapping chamber with the entrance of the sand trapping chamber facing the prevailing wind direction. The sand trapping barrier is disposed at the entrance and / or inside the sand trapping chamber, and the sand trapping barrier is capable of pendulum-like swinging.

[0008] In some more specific implementations, the wind-blocking unit includes multiple sand-catching barriers, which are arranged sequentially at intervals along the depth direction of the sand-catching chamber, with the depth direction being the direction from the entrance of the sand-catching chamber to the interior of the sand-catching chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the spacing between the sand traps is 1 to 1.5 m, and the permeability of the sand traps is 20% to 60%.

[0010] Preferably, the permeability of the sand trap increases sequentially along the depth direction.

[0011] In some more specific implementations, the sand-catching chamber includes a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, with the entrance located on the first side and the second side being inclined.

[0012] Preferably, the angle between the second side and the ground surface is 50 to 70 degrees.

[0013] The sand trapping chamber includes a support frame and a sand-blocking net covering the support frame.

[0014] Specifically, the supporting frame is a goal-shaped frame, including a front frame, a rear frame, and upper and lower longitudinal beams connecting the front and rear frames, as well as forming the front frame surface, rear frame surface, and two goal sides. The front frame includes a crossbeam and two front posts, and the rear frame includes a rear upper beam, a rear lower beam, and two rear posts. The front frame surface faces upwind. Sand traps are installed on the crossbeams, and sand-blocking nets are installed on the second side surface, top surface, and two goal sides.

[0015] Specifically, the goal-shaped frame can be, but is not limited to, welded components made of steel pipes or angle iron, possessing self-supporting characteristics and requiring no additional foundation or column support; it only needs to be placed on the Gobi Desert surface. Preferably, it can also be easily installed by using fixing stakes and inclined steel wire ropes for fixation. This installation method causes minimal disturbance and damage to the ground surface. The sand-blocking net is covered on the second side, top surface, and the two goal sides of the frame through wrapping and binding. This forms a goal-shaped structure, constructing a three-dimensional box-like sand-catching device. The opening direction of the goal, i.e., the first side, is set to face the windward side.

[0016] In some more specific embodiments, the sand-blocking mesh may be, but is not limited to, HDPE mesh, PLA mesh, or three-dimensional mesh. The permeability of the sand-blocking mesh is 30% to 50%.

[0017] In some more specific embodiments, the crossbeam is provided with a hinge, which is used to hinge the sand trap to the crossbeam so that it swings in a pendulum-like manner. The hinge may be, but is not limited to, a hinge.

[0018] In some more specific implementations, multiple crossbars are set between the upper longitudinal beams on both sides, and sand trapping barriers are set on the crossbars. The multiple sand trapping barriers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0019] In some more specific implementations, the goal-type sand-catching barrier also includes multiple second attachment mechanisms, which are interwoven to form the sand-catching barrier.

[0020] Specifically, the second attachment mechanism can be understood as branches inserted into the sand-catching barrier. The sand-catching barrier is woven from branches, with a permeability of 20%–60%, a height of 1.5–2.5m, and a width of 1.5–2.5m. The branches used to weave the sand-catching barrier are branches of shrubs such as sand willow, tamarisk, caragana, and tamarisk, with a diameter of 0.5–3cm and a length of 0.5–3m. The branches used for cutting can be branches of trees, shrubs, or herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as jujube, poplar, and pine; or shrubs, such as artemisia, thorn, camel thorn, saxaul, and juniper; or herbs, such as suga and sand rice. The branches used for cutting can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a non-excavation sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions, comprising multiple suspended windbreaks, goal-type sand trapping barriers, and suspended sand stabilization components arranged sequentially along the prevailing wind direction. The distance between the suspended windbreaks and the goal-type sand trapping barriers is d1, the distance between the goal-type sand trapping barriers and the suspended sand stabilization components is d2, and the distance between the suspended sand stabilization components and the protected object is d3. d1 < 20h1, where h1 is the height of the suspended windbreaks, with a value ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 m; d2 < 20h2, where h2 is the height of the goal-type sand trapping barriers, with a value ranging from 1.5 to 2.5 m; and d3 ranges from 10 to 50 m. The width of the goal-type sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1, the width of the suspended sand-fixing component in the downwind direction is L2, the tilt angle of the goal-type sand-catching barrier is α, the value of L1 ranges from 3 to 5m, the value of L2 ranges from 3 to 5m, and the value of α ranges from 50 to 70 degrees.

[0022] In some more specific implementations, the suspended windbreak includes a support mechanism and a windbreak body, the windbreak body being mounted on the support mechanism and capable of pendulum-like swinging. The windbreak body may be, but is not limited to, a hanging curtain.

[0023] In some more specific implementations, the support mechanism includes at least a crossbar and a vertical support assembly. The crossbar is fixed between two vertical supports, and the windbreak body is mounted on the crossbar. Preferably, the crossbar may be provided with, but is not limited to, a hinge for hinged to the windbreak body to allow it to swing in a pendulum-like manner.

[0024] Preferably, the support mechanism further includes a fixing rod and a diagonal steel wire rope for fixing the vertical support to the ground surface.

[0025] Preferably, the swing angle of the windbreak body is in the range of 0 to 40 degrees, the windbreak body has a porous structure, and the permeability of the windbreak body is 20% to 40%.

[0026] In some more specific implementations, the suspended windbreak also includes multiple first attachment mechanisms, which are interwoven to form the main body of the windbreak.

[0027] Specifically, the first attachment mechanism can be understood as a branch inserted into the main body of the windbreak. The main body of the windbreak is woven from branches, with a permeability of 20%–40%, a height of 1.5–2.5m, and a width of 1.5–2.5m. The branches used to weave the main body of the windbreak are branches of shrubs such as sand willow, tamarisk, caragana, and tamarisk, with a diameter of 0.5–3cm and a length of 0.5–3m. The branches used for cutting can be branches of trees, shrubs, or herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as jujube, poplar, and pine; or shrubs, such as artemisia, thorn, camel thorn, saxaul, and juniper; or herbs, such as suga and sand rice. The branches used for cutting can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0028] In some more specific implementation schemes, the suspended sand-fixing component includes a sand-fixing grid and a support mechanism. The support mechanism is used to support the sand-fixing grid to maintain a first distance from the ground surface. The sand-fixing grid and the ground surface form a sand accumulation chamber. A limiting member is provided on the support mechanism. The sand-fixing grid is horizontally positioned above the limiting member. When a second distance is reached between the sand accumulation surface in the sand accumulation chamber and the sand-fixing grid, the limiting member moves vertically on the support mechanism in a direction away from the ground surface. The first distance ranges from 20 to 50 cm, and the second distance ranges from 5 to 10 cm.

[0029] In some more specific implementation schemes, the support mechanism includes multiple columns arranged in a rectangular array. Each column is provided with a limiting rubber washer, which is fitted onto the column. The sand-fixing grid is horizontally inserted and fixed above the limiting rubber washer of the column, so that the sand-fixing grid is 20-50cm away from the ground surface.

[0030] Preferably, the column is a circular tube with an outer diameter of 1-3 cm. The spacing between the columns is 1-2 m, the height of the columns is 1-1.5 m, the burial depth is 0.5 m, and the height above the ground surface is 0.5-1 m.

[0031] In some more specific implementations, the suspended sand-fixing component further includes multiple third attachment mechanisms, which interweave to form a sand-fixing grid.

[0032] Specifically, the third attachment mechanism can be understood as branches inserted into the sand-fixing grid. The sand-fixing grid is woven from branches, with a permeability of 40% to 60%, a length range depending on the length of the protected object, and a width range of 5 to 20 meters. The branches used to weave the sand-fixing grid are branches of shrubs such as sand willow, tamarisk, caragana, and tamarisk, with a diameter range of 0.5 to 3 cm and a length of 0.5 to 3 meters. The branches inserted into the sand-fixing grid can be branches of trees, shrubs, or herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as jujube, poplar, and pine; or shrubs, such as artemisia, thorn, camel thorn, saxaul, and juniper; or herbs, such as suga and sand rice. The branches used for cutting can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0033] A third aspect of the present invention provides a method for excavation-free sand fixation in Gobi Desert regions, the method being implemented based on the aforementioned excavation-free sand fixation system for Gobi Desert regions, the sand fixation method comprising:

[0034] Suspended windbreaks, goal-shaped sand traps, and suspended sand-fixing components are used to block and fix sand and dust that move toward the protected object with the prevailing wind direction.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention include at least the following:

[0036] First, this invention provides a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier, which can be installed simply by placing it on the Gobi Desert surface and securing it with fixing rods and inclined steel wire ropes. This eliminates the need for excavation of the Gobi surface, minimizing surface disturbance and damage. Furthermore, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier features a three-dimensional box-like design with only a one-way opening on the windward side. It gradually weakens wind energy through the barrier, while the sand-catching chamber captures shifting sand, ensuring that sand particles carried by the wind-blown sand can only enter and not exit, thereby intercepting and fixing most of the wind-blown sand flow.

[0037] Secondly, this invention provides a non-excavation sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions, comprising a suspended windbreak. The suspended windbreak is equipped with curtains and cuttings that sway freely in the wind. When sandstorms impact these curtains and branches, they absorb energy from the sandstorm and convert it into their own kinetic energy, effectively reducing the intensity of the sandstorm. Under strong wind conditions, thanks to the protection of the windbreak, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier below remains stable and is prevented from being blown over by the wind.

[0038] Third, this invention provides a non-excavation sand stabilization system for Gobi desert regions, comprising a suspended sand stabilization component. This component consists of a sand-stabilizing grid and a support mechanism. The support mechanism maintains a certain distance between the sand-stabilizing grid and the ground, creating a space for sand deposition between the grid and the ground. When sand-carrying airflow passes through the bottom of the grid, it encounters dual frictional resistance from both the grid and the ground, resulting in a decrease in airflow velocity and allowing sand particles to settle. Simultaneously, the grid branches intercept the airflow above, reducing its energy and causing sand particles to fall into the lower accumulation area. Once the sand particles enter the accumulation area, they are less likely to be carried away by the wind, thus effectively achieving the purpose of sand stabilization.

[0039] Fourth, the present invention provides a non-excavation sand fixation system for Gobi Desert regions. The goal-type sand trapping barrier and suspended sand fixation component can provide shade, wind protection and moisture retention for the plants at the bottom, promote plant growth, and its semi-enclosed space can also efficiently capture seed rain in the airflow, enrich the soil seed bank in the accumulated sand and increase plant species diversity. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a non-excavation sand fixation system for the Gobi Desert region provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the suspended windbreak provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the goal-type sand trap provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the suspended sand-fixing component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a branch-woven grid provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Suspended windbreak; 11. Triangular support; 111. Crossbar; 112. First hinge; 12. Hanging curtain; 121. First attachment mechanism; 13. Inclined steel wire rope; 14. Fixing rod; 2. Goal-type sand trap; 21. Goal-shaped frame; 211. Crossbeam; 212. Second hinge; 22. Sand trapping net; 23. Sand trapping barrier; 231. Second attachment mechanism; 24. Upper longitudinal beam; 3. Suspended sand-fixing component; 31. Sand-fixing grid; 32. Column; 33. Limiting rubber gasket; 34. Third attachment mechanism; 4. Living plants; 5. Protected object; 6. Main wind direction; 7. Sand accumulation surface; 8. Gobi surface. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors of this invention, through long-term research and extensive practice, have proposed the technical solution of this invention. The following will further explain and illustrate this technical solution, its implementation process, and its principles.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a non-excavation sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert areas, including a suspended windbreak 1, a goal-type sand trapping barrier 2, and a suspended sand stabilization component 3 respectively set in a first strip area, a second strip area, and a third strip area. The first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are set in sequence along the prevailing wind direction 6 in the upwind direction or surrounding area of ​​the protected object 5. The first strip area, the second strip area, and the third strip area are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction 6. The distances between the first strip area, the second strip area, the third strip area, and the protected object 5 are d1, d2, and d3, respectively, where d1 < 20h1, h1 is the height of the suspended windbreak, and h1 ranges from 1.5 to 2.5m; d2 < 20h2, h2 is the height of the goal-type sand-catching barrier, and h2 ranges from 1.5 to 2.5m; d3 ranges from 10 to 50m; the width of the goal-type sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1; the width of the suspended sand-fixing component in the downwind direction is L2; ​​the tilt angle of the goal-type sand-catching barrier is α, where L1 ranges from 3 to 5m, L2 ranges from 3 to 5m, and α ranges from 50 to 70 degrees.

[0049] In this implementation plan, the protective system, consisting of three parts—a suspended windbreak 1, a goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2, and a suspended sand-fixing component 3—is arranged in multiple strips along the windward direction, with its extension direction perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. First, the suspended windbreak 1 acts as a windbreak and sand-catching element at its leading edge, while simultaneously reducing wind force on the downstream goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2, preventing it from being damaged by strong winds. Next, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 intercepts most of the windblown sand flowing through the Gobi Desert, forming a sand pile at its rear. Subsequently, the suspended sand-fixing component 3 secures the remaining shifting sand. The installation of each part of this system is simple; it only requires placement in a suitable location, driving in fixing stakes 14, and configuring the inclined steel wire ropes 13. It causes minimal damage to the Gobi Desert surface. The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 and the suspended sand-fixing component 3, due to their storage-type spatial structure design, can intercept and fix a large amount of windblown sand.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 2 The suspended windbreak 1 includes a support mechanism and a hanging curtain 12. The support mechanism includes at least a crossbar 111, a triangular support assembly, a fixing pin 14, and a diagonal steel wire rope 13. Specifically, the triangular support assembly includes at least two triangular supports 11. The triangular supports 11 are welded from steel pipes or angle iron. The crossbar 111 is made of square steel or angle iron and can be fixed between the two triangular supports 11 with screws, connecting the two triangular supports 11 into one unit. The diagonal steel wire rope 13 is connected to the crossbar 111, pulled down from both sides of the crossbar 111, and fixed to the ground surface by the fixing pin 14. The crossbar 111 is also provided with a first hinge 112, which is used to hinge the hanging curtain 12 to the crossbar 111 to swing in a pendulum-like manner, which can weaken wind and sand and promote sand sedimentation.

[0051] The swing angle range of the curtain 12 is 0 to 40 degrees, the curtain 12 has a porous structure, and the permeability of the curtain 12 is 20% to 40%.

[0052] To further reduce wind and sand, the suspended windbreak 1 also includes multiple first attachment mechanisms 121, which interweave to form the hanging curtain 12. Specifically, the first attachment mechanism 121 can be understood as branches. The hanging curtain 12 is a rectangular board woven from branches in a warp and weft pattern. Additionally, branches can be inserted into the openings of the hanging curtain 12. The hanging curtain 12 has a permeability of 20%–40%, a height range of 1.5–2.5m, a width of 1.5–2.5m, and the branches have a diameter range of 0.5–3cm and a length of 0.5–3m.

[0053] In this embodiment, the triangular support 11 is fixed to the ground by driving in the fixing pin 14 and setting the inclined steel wire rope 13, which can reduce the degree of damage to the Gobi Desert surface. The suspended curtain 12 and the branches above it can sway with the wind. When the wind and sand flow impacts the curtain 12 and the branches, they will absorb the energy in the wind and sand flow and convert it into their own kinetic energy, thus reducing the intensity of the wind and sand flow and promoting the deposition of some sand particles on the leeward side. The suspended windbreak 1 effectively reduces the wind force and creates a suitable wind environment to prevent the goal-shaped sand trap 2 on the leeward side from being blown over under strong wind conditions.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 3 The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 includes a goal-shaped frame 21 and a sand-catching barrier 23. Specifically, the goal-shaped frame includes a front frame, a rear frame, and upper and lower longitudinal beams 24 connecting the front and rear frames. The front frame includes a crossbeam 211 and two front columns, and the rear frame includes a rear upper beam, a rear lower beam, and two rear columns. The front frame faces upwind. The angle between the two rear columns and the ground surface ranges from 50 to 70 degrees.

[0055] In some embodiments, sand-catching barriers 23 are installed on the crossbeam 211. Multiple crossbars are installed between the two upper longitudinal beams 24, and sand-catching barriers are installed on the crossbars. The multiple sand-catching barriers are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction.

[0056] Preferably, three sand-catching barriers can be set up, with a spacing of 1 to 1.5 meters between them, and the permeability gradually increases along the depth direction. The permeability ranges of the three sand-catching barriers are 20% to 40%, 30% to 50%, and 40% to 60%, respectively. The first sand-catching barrier has the largest sway amplitude and the strongest wind-dissipating effect. The residual wind force is then weakened by the subsequent second sand-catching barrier. By gradually weakening the wind force, the sand particles settle in the sand-catching chamber on the leeward side of the last sand barrier, ultimately achieving the capture and fixation of the shifting sand.

[0057] Both the crossbeam 211 and the crossbar are equipped with second hinges 212, which are used to hinge the sand-catching barrier to the crossbeam 211 or the crossbar to allow it to swing in a pendulum-like manner. A three-dimensional mesh is covered on the rear frame surface, top surface, and the sides of the two goalposts, with a mesh density of 30% to 50%. Preferably, the three-dimensional mesh captures windblown sand to form a sand accumulation surface 7, on which living plants 4 are planted to fix the windblown sand.

[0058] To further reduce wind and sand, the goal-type sand-catching barrier 2 also includes multiple second attachment mechanisms 231, which interweave to form the sand-catching barrier 23. Specifically, as shown... Figure 5The second attachment mechanism 231 can be understood as a branch inserted into the sand-catching barrier. The sand-catching barrier is woven from branches, with a permeability of 20%–60%, a height of 1.5–2.5 m, and a width of 1.5–2.5 m. The branches used to weave the sand-catching barrier are branches of shrubs such as sand willow, tamarisk, caragana, and tamarisk, with a diameter of 0.5–3 cm and a length of 0.5–3 m. The branches used for cutting can be branches of trees, shrubs, or herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as jujube, poplar, and pine; or shrubs, such as artemisia, thorn, camel thorn, saxaul, and juniper; or herbs, such as suga and sand rice. The branches used for cutting can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0059] In this technical solution, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 only needs to be placed on the Gobi surface 8 and fixed with fixing rods 14 and inclined steel wire ropes 13 to complete the installation. The Gobi surface 8 does not need to be excavated, resulting in less disturbance and damage to the ground. In addition, the goal-shaped sand-catching barrier 2 is a three-dimensional box-type design with only a one-way opening on the windward side. By gradually weakening the wind energy through the sand-catching barrier 23, it can capture shifting sand, allowing sand particles carried by the wind-blown sand to enter but not exit, thus intercepting and fixing most of the wind-blown sand flow.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 4 The suspended sand-fixing component 3 includes a sand-fixing grid 31 and a support mechanism.

[0061] Specifically, the support mechanism includes multiple columns 32 arranged in a rectangular array. Each column 32 has a limiting rubber washer 33 fitted onto it. At a height of 20-40cm above the ground surface, a horizontally inserted and fixed grid plate is fixed to the upper part of the limiting rubber washer 33 on the columns 32, maintaining the sand-fixing grid 31 20-40cm from the ground surface. The area between the sand-fixing grid 31 and the ground surface forms a sand accumulation zone. Each column 32 is a round steel pipe with an outer diameter of 1-3cm. The spacing between the columns 32 is 1-2m, the height of each column 32 is 1-1.5m, the burial depth is 0.5m, and the height above the ground surface is 0.5-1m. When the top of the sand accumulation surface in the sand accumulation zone approaches the bottom of the sand-fixing grid 31 by approximately 5-10cm, the sand-fixing grid 31 can be manually lifted to increase the height of the sand accumulation zone and continue sand fixation.

[0062] To further capture wind and sand, the suspended sand-fixing component 3 also includes multiple third attachment mechanisms 34, which interweave to form a sand-fixing grid 31.

[0063] Specifically, the third attachment mechanism 34 can be understood as branches inserted into the sand-fixing grid 31. The sand-fixing grid is woven from branches, with a permeability of 40% to 60%, a length range depending on the length of the protected object, and a width range of 5 to 20 meters. The branches used to weave the sand-fixing grid are branches of shrubs such as sand willow, tamarisk, caragana, and tamarisk, with a diameter range of 0.5 to 3 cm and a length of 0.5 to 3 meters. The branches inserted into the sand-fixing grid can be branches of trees, shrubs, or herbs. Among them, the plant branches can be trees, such as jujube, poplar, and pine; or shrubs, such as artemisia, thorn, camel thorn, saxaul, and juniper; or herbs, such as suga and sand rice. The branches used for cutting can be leafy plant branches or whole plants.

[0064] In this technical solution, a suspended design is adopted, with the bottom of the sand-fixing grid 31 forming a sand accumulation zone for storing shifting sand. When airflow carrying sand particles enters the bottom of the sand-fixing grid 31, it encounters dual frictional resistance from both the grid and the ground surface, causing its speed to slow down and allowing the shifting sand to settle. Simultaneously, the airflow at the top is blocked by branches, further reducing energy and prompting sand particles to fall into the accumulation zone. Once sand particles penetrate the accumulation zone, due to the structure of the sand-fixing grid 31, they can only enter and cannot be carried out, thus enhancing the sand-fixing effect. Plants can be planted within the accumulation zone; the bottom of the sand-fixing grid 31 provides shade, wind protection, and moisture retention, promoting rapid plant growth. Limiting rubber gaskets 33 are installed on the columns 32; when the accumulated sand reaches a certain thickness, the limiting rubber gaskets 33 can be adjusted to prevent the suspended sand-fixing component 3 from being buried by sand. Once the plants in the accumulation zone have stabilized the sand, the suspended sand-fixing component 3 can be transferred to other areas requiring protection, enabling its reuse.

[0065] In summary, the excavation-free sand stabilization system disclosed in this application for use in the Gobi Desert exhibits a progressively increasing permeability across different zones along the prevailing wind direction. Specifically, the permeability of the suspended windbreak is 20%–40%, the permeability of the goal-type sand-capturing barrier is 30%–50%, and the permeability of the suspended sand-stabilizing component is 40%–60%. This design allows each structure to achieve optimal wind resistance and sand stabilization effects. Specifically, the suspended windbreak, due to its lower permeability, generates a strong pendulum motion under wind force, effectively reducing wind speed. If its permeability is too high, wind will penetrate directly, weakening the pendulum motion and thus reducing the wind energy reduction effect. The main purpose of this measure is to reduce the wind speed on the leeward side and decrease wind resistance for the semi-enclosed goal-type sand barrier on the leeward side. The goal-shaped sand-catching barrier has a moderate permeability, and under wind force, it can generate a moderate pendulum motion, providing a moderate wind-dissipating effect. Simultaneously, the semi-enclosed structure on the leeward side also provides some auxiliary wind resistance. The main function of the semi-enclosed structure is to store and fix the shifting sand, preventing the fixed sand particles from being re-erected and escaping from the structure. The suspended sand-fixing component has the highest permeability and the widest distribution range. Its horizontal deployment primarily aims to block the dragging effect of upper-level airflow on the ground surface, ensuring the fixation of shifting sand in the bottom sand-accumulation chamber and preventing secondary sand erosion; therefore, its design is more permeable.

[0066] A non-excavation sand fixation method for Gobi Desert regions, the method being implemented based on the non-excavation sand fixation system for Gobi Desert regions, and the sand fixation method comprising:

[0067] The first, second, and third strip-shaped areas are set up. These three strip-shaped areas are sequentially located upwind of or around the protected object along the prevailing wind direction, and are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. Wherein, the distance between the suspended windbreak and the goal-type sand-catching barrier is d1, the distance between the goal-type sand-catching barrier and the suspended sand-fixing component is d2, and the distance between the suspended sand-fixing component and the protected object is d3, d1 < 20h1, h1 is the height of the suspended windbreak, and the value of h1 ranges from 1.5 to 2.5m; d2 < 20h2, h2 is the height of the goal-type sand-catching barrier, and the value of h2 ranges from 1.5 to 2.5m; d3 ranges from 10 to 50m; the width of the goal-type sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1, the width of the suspended sand-fixing component in the downwind direction is L2, and the tilt angle of the goal-type sand-catching barrier is α, where the value of L1 ranges from 3 to 5m, the value of L2 ranges from 3 to 5m, and the value of α ranges from 50 to 70 degrees.

[0068] Suspended windbreaks are installed in the first strip-shaped area, goal-shaped sand-catching barriers are installed in the second strip-shaped area, and suspended sand-fixing components are installed in the third strip-shaped area. These windbreaks, goal-shaped sand-catching barriers, and suspended sand-fixing components are used to block sand and dust moving with the wind towards the protected object. Plant cuttings are inserted into the windbreaks, goal-shaped sand-catching barriers, and suspended sand-fixing components to fix the sand and dust in place.

[0069] In some implementation schemes, the construction technology of artificial armor layers on the Gobi Desert surface can also be used to harden the Gobi surface and construction roads damaged by rolling or trampling. This can effectively capture and fix the wind-blown sand in the Gobi Desert, preventing wind erosion and sandstorms in the project area. The sand-fixing methods described above not only capture wind-blown sand but also effectively protect the Gobi Desert surface.

[0070] In some implementations, the sand-fixing method further includes covering the patchy, damaged Gobi surface 8 with a clay-gravel slurry. Specifically, using self-leveling compound or cement, fine-particle powders such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash are mixed and prepared into a thin paste-like cement slurry. This slurry is then uniformly poured onto the construction road or the patchy, damaged Gobi surface, allowing it to penetrate into the gaps between the sand and gravel to a depth of 5–10 cm, forming a near-surface hardened layer. When subjected to vehicle traffic or pedestrian trampling, this near-surface hardened layer exhibits high strength and integrity, effectively protecting the underlying sand particles from being exposed to the surface, thus playing a role in preventing wind erosion and dust storms.

[0071] By forming a hardened layer of a certain depth on the surface of the Gobi Desert, the Gobi can be effectively protected from damage caused by wind erosion, trampling, and crushing, reducing wind erosion and sandstorms, thereby mitigating the risk of downstream protected objects being buried by sand. The added fine particles such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash can fill the gaps between cement mortar particles, making the cement stone structure more compact, thus improving the later-stage strength and durability of the cement to a certain extent, while reducing the heat of hydration. In particular, some fine particles, such as bentonite, can react with calcium hydroxide during cement hydration to generate cementitious substances, further enhancing the later-stage strength of the cement. Besides improving cement performance, the use of these fine particles can also promote waste recycling, conserve resources, and reduce environmental pollution. Optimal strength performance can be achieved when the mixing ratio of fine particles such as attapulgite, bentonite, slag, zeolite powder, and fly ash with cement reaches 3:7.

[0072] In some implementations, the sand-fixing method further includes: soaking the grating plates included in the suspended windbreak, goal-type sand-catching barrier, or suspended sand-fixing assembly in asphalt or performing surface carbonization treatment. This can improve the strength and service life of the grating plates.

[0073] It should be understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-excavation sand fixation system for Gobi Desert regions, characterized in that, This includes suspended windbreaks, goal-shaped sand traps, and suspended sand-fixing components, which are respectively installed in the first, second, and third strip areas. The first, second, and third strip-shaped areas are sequentially set up along the prevailing wind direction in the upwind or surrounding area of ​​the protected object. The first, second, and third strip-shaped areas are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction. The distances between the first strip area, the second strip area, the third strip area, and the protected object are d1, d2, and d3, respectively, where d1 < 20 × h1, h1 is the height of the suspended windbreak, h1 = 1.5 to 2.5 m, d2 < 20 × h2, h2 is the height of the goal-type sand-catching barrier, h2 = 1.5 to 2.5 m, d3 = 10 to 50 m, the width of the goal-type sand-catching barrier in the downwind direction is L1 = 3 to 5 m, the width of the suspended sand-fixing component in the downwind direction is L2 = 3 to 5 m, and the tilt angle of the goal-type sand-catching barrier is α = 50 to 70 degrees. The permeability of the suspended windbreak is 20% to 40%, the permeability of the goal-type sand trap is 30% to 50%, and the permeability of the suspended sand-fixing component is 40% to 60%. The suspended windbreak includes a support mechanism and a windbreak body. The windbreak body is mounted on the support mechanism and can swing in a pendulum-like manner. The goal-type sand-catching barrier includes a wind-blocking unit and a sand-catching unit. The wind-blocking unit includes at least one sand-catching barrier. The sand-catching unit includes a sand-catching chamber. The entrance of the sand-catching chamber faces the prevailing wind direction. The sand-catching barrier is installed at the entrance and / or inside the sand-catching chamber. The sand-catching barrier can swing in a pendulum-like manner. The suspended sand-fixing component includes a sand-fixing grid and a support mechanism. The support mechanism is used to support the sand-fixing grid to maintain a first distance from the ground surface. The sand-fixing grid and the ground surface form a sand accumulation chamber. A limiting member is provided on the support mechanism. The sand-fixing grid is horizontally positioned above the limiting member. When the sand accumulation surface in the sand accumulation chamber and the sand-fixing grid reach a second distance, the limiting member moves vertically on the support mechanism in a direction away from the ground surface. The first distance is 20-50cm, and the second distance is 5-10cm.

2. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wind-blocking unit includes multiple sand-catching barriers, which are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the sand-catching chamber, with the longitudinal direction being the direction from the entrance of the sand-catching chamber to the interior of the sand-catching chamber.

3. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for the Gobi Desert region according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing between the sand traps is 1 to 1.5 meters, and the permeability of the sand traps is 20% to 60%.

4. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 2, characterized in that, The permeability of the multiple sand-trapping barriers increases sequentially along the depth direction.

5. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand-catching chamber includes a first side and a second side arranged opposite to each other, with the entrance located on the first side and the second side being inclined.

6. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The angle between the second side and the ground surface is 50 to 70 degrees.

7. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sand trapping chamber includes a support frame and a sand-blocking net covering the support frame.

8. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support mechanism includes at least a horizontal bar and a vertical support assembly. The horizontal bar is fixed between two vertical supports, and the windbreak body is mounted on the horizontal bar.

9. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for the Gobi Desert region according to claim 1, characterized in that, The swing angle of the main body of the windbreak is 0 to 40 degrees.

10. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The windbreak body has a porous structure with a permeability of 20% to 40%.

11. The excavation-free sand stabilization system for Gobi Desert regions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The suspended windbreak also includes multiple first attachment mechanisms, which are interwoven to form the main body of the windbreak.

12. A method for non-excavation sand stabilization in the Gobi Desert, characterized in that, The method is implemented based on the excavation-free sand fixation system for the Gobi Desert region as described in any one of claims 1-11, and the sand fixation method includes: Suspended windbreaks, goal-shaped sand traps, and suspended sand-fixing components are used to block and fix sand and dust that move toward the protected object with the prevailing wind direction.

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