A composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system, which relates to the field of drilling technology. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system comprises an outer tube and a drilling part transmission shaft. The transmission shaft rotates inside the outer tube to drive the drilling part to work. The outer tube is provided with a plurality of mounting rings along the axial direction. An oscillation ring is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting ring, and an impact ring corresponding to the oscillation ring is provided. A driving ring is slidably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring along the axial direction. A driving ring is provided between the driving ring and the transmission shaft. When the transmission shaft rotates, the driving ring is driven to move back and forth along the axial direction by the transmission ring, thereby causing the oscillation ring to oscillate in a pulse manner. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than the outer diameter of the outer tube, so that the impact ring contacts the inner wall of the borehole before the outer tube. When the impact ring is subjected to the friction force of the borehole, it is relatively displaced with the outer tube. At this time, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring, thereby pushing the impact ring forward, which is beneficial to reducing the friction force on the outer tube and has the effect of improving the drilling efficiency during directional drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drilling technology, in particular to a composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system. Background Art

[0002] Directional drilling is a drilling technology that uses special drilling equipment to control the drilling direction of the drill bit through special equipment or tools to control the wellbore trajectory. In the mineral drilling process, directional drilling technology can be used to correct the drill bit's inclination, bypass hard rock formations or complex areas, etc., and can be applied to various different working environments.

[0003] Related technology can refer to the Chinese patent publication number CN110621847B, which discloses a directional drilling device using a water hammer unit, including: a hammer body, in which a drill bit unit configured to perform drilling work is installed at the end of the hammer body and can move upward and downward; a piston, which is slidably installed on the hammer body and includes a working fluid discharge portion formed in the longitudinal direction; a drive unit, which is installed between the hammer body and the piston to support the upper part of the piston and is configured to move the piston upward and downward using water supplied through a rod connected to the hammer body; the hammer unit includes a transmission shaft, which is connected to the drill bit through a first coupling portion so as to transmit rotational force when the hammer unit passes through the piston installed on the hammer body and moves upward or downward through the drill bit; and a mud motor unit, which is connected to the hammer body and configured to rotate the transmission shaft.

[0004] Regarding the relevant technologies mentioned above, the part used to connect the drill bit and the ground drilling device is usually called the rod body. Since the rod body needs to have a certain degree of flexibility and bending function, during the drilling process, the outer surface of the rod body is easy to contact the inner wall of the borehole. When drilling horizontally, under the influence of gravity, the lower end of the rod body will be close to the side wall of the borehole being drilled horizontally. During the advancement of the drill bit, the rod body will be subjected to the friction force of the inner wall of the borehole. Since directional drilling is mostly used for long-distance drilling work, the longer the drilling distance, the greater the contact probability and area of ​​the rod body with the inner wall of the borehole will be. As the drilling length increases, the friction force on the rod body will also become greater, requiring the drilling equipment to use greater propulsion force to drive the rod body and drill bit forward, thereby affecting the drilling efficiency of the drill bit. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the drilling efficiency during directional drilling, the present application provides a composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system.

[0006] This application provides a composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system includes an outer tube, one end of the outer tube is rotatably connected to the drilling part, and the outer tube is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft for driving the drilling part to rotate, and also includes: a plurality of mounting rings, an oscillating ring is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting ring, the oscillating ring is slidably connected to the mounting ring along the axial direction, and an end of the mounting ring close to the drilling part is slidably connected to an impact ring opposite to the oscillating ring along the axial direction, the outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than the outer diameter of the outer tube, and the inner side of the mounting ring is slidably connected to a driving ring along the axial direction, the outer circle of the driving ring is fixedly connected to a connecting rod, the connecting rod passes through the mounting ring and is fixedly connected to the oscillating ring, a transmission ring is sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft drives the transmission ring when it rotates. The dynamic ring rotates, and the transmission ring is rotatably connected to the mounting ring. The driving ring is located outside the transmission ring and is coaxial with the transmission ring. Several positive spiral plates are fixedly connected to the outer circle of the transmission ring along the circumferential direction. The driving ring is fixedly connected to a guide column. An elastic member is provided between the oscillation ring and the mounting ring. In the natural state of the elastic member, the guide column is located at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling part. When the positive spiral plate rotates, the driving ring is pushed to move through the guide column, so that the driving ring drives the oscillation ring to approach the impact ring. The end of the mounting ring close to the drilling part is fixedly connected to the limiting ring. When the impact ring contacts the limiting ring, the oscillation ring does not contact the impact ring. When the impact ring is separated from the limiting ring, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during movement.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving unit is driven by the drive shaft, supported and protected by the outer tube, thereby drilling into soil or rock. The drive shaft rotates the drive ring. Initially, the oscillating ring is moved away from the impact ring by the elastic member. At this time, the guide post is located at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling unit. When the drive shaft drives the drive ring to rotate, the drive ring drives the guide post toward the drilling unit via the positive spiral plate. As the guide post moves, the oscillating ring is driven toward the impact ring via the drive ring and the connecting rod. When the guide post is released from the positive spiral plate, the elastic member resets the oscillating ring. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than that of the outer tube. During the drilling process, the impact ring first contacts and rubs against the inner wall of the borehole. In the vertical portion of the outer tube, the impact ring is close to the limit ring due to gravity. At this time, the oscillating ring does not collide with the impact ring and only oscillates vertically in pulses, exerting a downward thrust on the outer tube during the oscillation. In the part where the outer tube is arranged horizontally, since the impact ring contacts the inner wall of the borehole first, when the outer tube drills, the impact ring is blocked by the friction force provided by the inner wall of the borehole, causing the impact ring and the outer tube to be relatively displaced and separated from the limit ring. At this time, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during the oscillation process, and then pushes the impact ring toward the limit ring, causing the impact ring and the outer tube to move forward alternately. The impact ring is beneficial to reducing the contact area between the outer tube and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby reducing the resistance encountered during the drilling process and improving the drilling efficiency during directional drilling.

[0009] Optionally, a plurality of reverse spiral plates are fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission ring along the circumferential direction. The spiral direction of the reverse spiral plates is opposite to that of the positive spiral plates, and the reverse spiral plates are spaced apart from the positive spiral plates. The minimum spacing between the positive spiral plates and the reverse spiral plates is greater than the maximum diameter of the guide column. The reverse spiral plates and the positive spiral plates are staggered. The end faces of the positive spiral plates and the reverse spiral plates for driving the guide column to move are both set as contact surfaces. After the guide column detaches from the positive spiral plate, it faces the contact surface on the reverse spiral plate at one end close to the drilling part.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the horizontally arranged part of the drill hole is prone to accumulation of fallen rocks and soil. When the elastic part drives the oscillation ring to reset, the fallen rocks and soil generate resistance to the oscillation ring. At this time, the transmission ring rotates and makes the anti-spiral plate contact with the guide column, and pushes the guide column to move away from the impact ring, which is beneficial to reduce the probability of the oscillation ring getting stuck and improve the working stability of the oscillation ring.

[0011] Optionally, the gap between the transmission shaft and the outer tube constitutes a water supply channel, which is used to transport cooling water along the outer tube to the drilling part. A plurality of water spray holes are opened circumferentially on the outside of the oscillation ring, and a water supply hole is opened on the drive ring. One end of the water supply hole is connected to the water spray hole, and the other end is connected to the water supply channel.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, during the drilling process, the water in the water supply channel flows along the water supply hole to the water spray hole, and is finally sprayed out from the water spray hole, thereby flushing the inner wall of the borehole during the drilling process, reducing the probability of falling rocks and soil accumulation in the borehole.

[0013] Optionally, both ends of the transmission ring along the axial direction are fixedly connected with blocking rings, and two sealing rings are also sleeved on the outside of the transmission ring, all the positive spiral plates are located between the two sealing rings, and both ends of the drive ring along the axial direction are fixedly connected with piston rings, the piston ring is located between the sealing ring and the blocking ring, the gap between the piston ring and the blocking ring constitutes a water storage chamber one, the blocking ring is axially opened with a water inlet hole one, the gap between the piston ring and the sealing ring constitutes a water storage chamber two, and the piston ring is opened with a water inlet hole two along the axial direction, and a one-way valve is provided in the water inlet hole one and the water inlet hole two, and the end of the water supply hole away from the water spray hole is connected to the water storage chamber two.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, in the initial state, the piston ring is located near the blocking ring, at which time the volume of the water storage chamber 2 reaches its maximum value. When the driving ring moves along the axial direction, it drives the piston ring away from the blocking ring, at which time the volume of the water storage chamber 1 gradually increases, so that the cooling water in the water supply channel passes through the water inlet hole 1 and enters the water storage chamber 1. When the piston ring reaches the farthest distance from the blocking ring, the cooling water fills the water storage chamber 1. At this time, the driving ring resets and squeezes the cooling water in the water storage chamber through the piston ring, so that the cooling water passes through the water inlet hole 2 and enters the water storage chamber 2. When the piston ring moves away from the blocking ring again, the sealing ring cooperates with the piston ring to squeeze the cooling water in the water storage chamber 2, and then transports the cooling water along the water supply hole to the water spray hole. Under the action of the one-way valve, the cooling water flows in one direction. The squeezing action of the piston ring helps to increase the pressure of the cooling water when it enters the water supply hole, thereby improving the flushing effect of the cooling water on the deposits.

[0015] Optionally, a plurality of straight grooves are provided on the outer surface of the oscillation ring along the axial direction, and connecting ribs are left between adjacent straight grooves. A DC cavity is provided in all the connecting ribs along the length direction, and the water supply hole is connected with the DC cavity. All the water spray holes are located in the straight grooves and are distributed on both sides of the connecting rib along the length direction. All the water spray holes on the same connecting rib are connected with the DC cavity, and the end of the water spray hole away from the axis of the oscillation ring is inclined in the direction away from the DC cavity.

[0016] By adopting this technical solution, the straight grooves help reduce the contact area between the outer surface of the oscillation ring and the inner wall of the borehole. At the same time, the connecting ribs ensure the structural strength of the oscillation ring. Cooling water enters the DC cavity through the water supply hole and is ejected through the spray holes. The spray holes are located within the straight grooves, thereby reducing the probability of the ends of the spray holes contacting the inner wall of the borehole and causing blockage. Furthermore, when the spray holes are tilted relative to the diameter of the oscillation ring, the spray holes below the oscillation ring guide the cooling water to spray horizontally, thereby facilitating the removal of deposits in the borehole away from the oscillation ring.

[0017] Optionally, the drilling part includes a hydraulic motor and a drill bit, an outer tube is rotatably connected to an installation tube at one end close to the drilling part, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the installation tube, an end of the installation tube away from the outer tube is fixedly connected to a deflection tube, an axis of the deflection tube and an axis of the installation tube have a preset deflection angle, the hydraulic motor is installed in the deflection tube, and the drill bit is rotatably connected to an end of the deflection tube away from the installation tube and fixedly connected to an output end of the hydraulic motor.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when drilling in a straight line, the drive shaft drives the mounting tube to rotate, which in turn drives the hydraulic motor and drill bit to rotate synchronously via the deflection tube, thereby causing the drill bit to drill into the rock or soil. When the deflection angle needs to be changed, the mounting tube is rotated to a preset angle, so that the deflection tube faces the desired drilling direction. The drive shaft is then stopped, and the hydraulic motor directly drives the drill bit forward, while simultaneously advancing the outer tube, causing the drill bit to drill along the deflection tube, thereby achieving adjustment of the drilling direction.

[0019] Optionally, the transmission shaft includes a main steel cable and several slave steel cables spirally arranged on the outside of the main steel cable, the main steel cable and the slave steel cables are both flexible, and the gaps between adjacent slave steel cables constitute a spiral groove, the drive ring includes a rotating tube and a connecting tube for installing a positive spiral plate, the connecting tube is coaxially arranged on the inside of the rotating tube, and several connecting plates are fixedly connected between the connecting tube and the rotating tube, the transmission shaft passes through the connecting tube, and the main steel cable is coaxial with the connecting tube, and several extension blocks adapted to the spiral groove are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting tube, the extension blocks extend in the spiral groove, and interfere with the slave steel cables.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the secondary steel cable helps improve the structural strength of the main steel cable, and a spiral groove is formed on the outer side of the drive shaft to accommodate the extension block. The extension block cooperates with the spiral groove, thereby improving the connection stability between the connecting tube and the drive shaft and reducing the probability of relative slip between the connecting tube and the drive shaft. When the connecting tube rotates, the connecting plate drives the rotating tube to rotate, and the rotating tube drives the guide column to move via the positive spiral plate.

[0021] Optionally, the elastic member is sleeved on the outside of the mounting ring, and the end of the mounting ring away from the drilling part is fixedly connected to a retaining ring, the elastic member is located between the retaining ring and the oscillation ring, and the end of the oscillation ring away from the drilling part is fixedly connected to a shielding tube, the shielding tube and the mounting ring cooperate to form an annular cavity for placing the elastic member, the direct current cavity and the water supply hole are connected through the annular cavity, and the outer diameter of the shielding tube is smaller than the outer diameter of the oscillation ring.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the mounting ring supports the elastic part through the retaining ring, and the shielding tube is used to protect the elastic part, thereby reducing the probability of the elastic part being affected by falling rocks in the drill hole. During the oscillation of the oscillation ring, the volume of the annular cavity changes, and cooling water continues to enter the annular cavity along the water supply hole. When the volume of the annular cavity decreases, the cooling water is pressed into the direct current cavity, which is conducive to accelerating the flow rate of the cooling water.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. Under the support and protection of the outer tube, the drilling unit is driven by the transmission shaft to drill into the soil or rock. During the rotation of the transmission shaft, the driving ring is driven to rotate. Initially, the oscillation ring is moved away from the impact ring under the action of the elastic member. At this time, the guide column is at the end of the positive spiral plate away from the drilling unit. When the transmission shaft drives the transmission ring to rotate, the transmission ring drives the guide column toward the drilling unit through the positive spiral plate. When the guide column moves, the oscillation ring is driven by the driving ring and the connecting rod to approach the impact ring. When the guide column is separated from the positive spiral plate, the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset. The outer diameter of the impact ring is larger than the outer diameter of the outer tube. During the drilling process of the outer tube, the impact ring first contacts and rubs against the inner wall of the borehole. In the vertical portion of the outer tube, the impact ring is close to the limit ring under the action of gravity. At this time, the oscillation ring does not collide with the impact ring. It only oscillates vertically in pulses, and applies a downward thrust to the outer tube during the oscillation process. In the transversely arranged portion of the outer tube, since the impact ring first contacts the inner wall of the borehole, when the outer tube drills, the impact ring is blocked by the friction provided by the inner wall of the borehole, causing the impact ring and the outer tube to move relative to each other and break away from the limit ring. At this time, the oscillation ring collides with the impact ring during the oscillation process, and then pushes the impact ring toward the limit ring, so that the impact ring and the outer tube move forward alternately. The impact ring helps to reduce the contact area between the outer tube and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby helping to reduce the resistance encountered during the drilling process and improve the drilling efficiency during the directional drilling process;

[0025] 2. The horizontal part of the drill hole is prone to accumulation of fallen rocks and soil. When the elastic member drives the oscillation ring to reset, the fallen rocks and soil generate resistance to the oscillation ring. At this time, the transmission ring rotates and causes the anti-spiral plate to contact the guide column, pushing the guide column away from the impact ring, thereby reducing the probability of the oscillation ring getting stuck and improving the working stability of the oscillation ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram intended to highlight the connection between the outer tube and the mounting ring.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram intended to highlight the location of the hydraulic motor.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram intended to highlight the transmission ring structure.

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of part A.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram intended to highlight the installation tube structure.

[0032] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram intended to highlight the external structure of the rotating tube.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. outer tube; 11. mounting tube; 12. deflection tube; 2. drilling unit; 21. hydraulic motor; 22. drill bit; 3. transmission shaft; 31. main steel cable; 32. slave steel cable; 4. mounting ring; 41. oscillation ring; 411. straight groove; 412. connecting rib; 413. direct current cavity; 414. water spray hole; 42. shielding tube; 43. impact ring; 44. limiting ring; 45. driving ring ; 451. Guide column; 452. Piston ring; 453. Water inlet hole 2; 454. Water supply hole; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Elastic part; 48. Retaining ring; 5. Transmission ring; 51. Rotating tube; 511. Positive spiral plate; 512. Reverse spiral plate; 513. Blocking ring; 514. Water inlet hole 1; 515. Sealing ring; 52. Connecting pipe; 521. Extension block; 53. Connecting plate; 6. One-way valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with all the accompanying drawings.

[0035] The embodiment of the present application discloses a composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system.

[0036] Example:

[0037] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 A composite pulse adaptive rock formation drilling system includes an outer tube 1 for connection to a drilling rig. A drive shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the outer tube 1. During operation, the drilling rig drives the drive shaft 3 to rotate and applies axial thrust to the outer tube 1. The drilling rig is conventional and will not be described in detail here. Multiple outer tubes 1 are provided, connected end-to-end. The outer tube 1 remote from the drilling rig is connected to a drilling unit 2.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Taking the outer tube 1 connected to the drilling unit 2 as an example, the drilling unit 2 includes a hydraulic motor 21 and a drill bit 22. One end of the outer tube 1 is rotatably connected to the mounting tube 11. A drive shaft 3 is coaxially connected to the mounting tube 11. The connection can be fixed or connected via a coupling. When the drive shaft 3 rotates, the mounting tube 11 rotates synchronously. The end of the mounting tube 11 facing away from the outer tube 1 is fixedly connected to the deflection tube 12, with a preset angle between the deflection tube 12 and the mounting tube 11. Rotation of the mounting tube 11 drives the deflection tube 12. The drill bit 22 is mounted on the end of the deflection tube 12 facing away from the mounting tube 11. Rotation of the deflection tube 12 drives the drill bit 22, and the drill bit 22 rotates in a complete circle. The hydraulic motor 21 is mounted within the deflection tube 12, with the output end of the hydraulic motor 21 coaxially fixed to the drill bit 22. When the hydraulic motor 21 is in operation, it drives the drill bit 22 to rotate.

[0039] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The gap between the transmission shaft 3 and the outer tube 1 forms a water supply channel, through which the drilling rig supplies cooling water to the hydraulic motor 21. When the cooling water flows through the hydraulic motor 21, it drives the hydraulic motor 21 to work, causing the hydraulic motor 21 to drive the drill bit 22 to rotate. In the initial state, the rotating shaft directly drives the mounting tube 11 to rotate, causing the drill bit 22 to rotate around the axis of the mounting tube 11, thereby achieving linear drilling. When the drilling direction needs to be adjusted, the orientation of the deflection tube 12 is adjusted through the transmission shaft 3, so that the deflection tube 12 drives the drill bit 22 in the direction of the desired drilling. At this time, only the hydraulic motor 21 is started, so that the hydraulic motor 21 drives the drill bit 22 to rotate around the axis of the deflection tube 12, and at this time, the outer tube 1 is simultaneously advanced, causing the drill bit 22 to drill along the axis of the deflection tube 12, completing the direction adjustment of directional drilling.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The transmission shaft 3 includes a main steel cable 31 and a plurality of slave steel cables 32 arranged around the circumference of the main steel cable 31. The slave steel cables 32 are spirally arranged around the outer circle of the main steel cable 31. The cross section of the slave steel cables 32 is circular, so that a spiral groove is left between adjacent slave steel cables 32. The outer tube 1 is provided with a plurality of mounting rings 4 along the length direction. The mounting ring 4 is coaxially fixed to the outer tube 1, and a transmission ring 5 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring 4. The transmission ring 5 includes a rotating tube 51 and a connecting tube 52. The rotating tube 51 is coaxially fixed with a blocking ring 513 at both ends along the axial direction. The outer circle of the blocking ring 513 is in contact with the inner wall of the mounting ring 4. The mounting ring 4 is provided with an inner ring groove for mounting the rotating tube 51 along the circumference. The blocking ring 513 is located in the inner ring groove and is rotatably connected to the mounting ring 4. The mounting ring 4 limits the displacement of the rotating tube 51 along the axial direction through the inner ring groove.

[0041] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 The connecting tube 52 is located inside the rotating tube 51 and is coaxial with the rotating tube 51. A plurality of connecting plates 53 are fixedly connected between the connecting tube 52 and the rotating tube 51, with gaps left between adjacent connecting plates 53 for cooling water to pass through. A through hole is opened in the connecting tube 52 along the axial direction, through which the transmission shaft 3 passes. A plurality of extension blocks 521 adapted to the arc-shaped grooves are fixedly connected to the connecting tube 52 along the axial direction of the through hole. The extension blocks 521 extend into the arc-shaped grooves and contact the slave steel cable 32. The extension blocks 521 cooperate with the arc-shaped grooves to improve the connection stability between the transmission shaft 3 and the connecting tube 52, so that when the transmission shaft 3 rotates, the connecting tube 52 is driven to rotate, and when the connecting tube 52 rotates, the rotating tube 51 is driven to rotate synchronously through the connecting plates 53.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5An oscillating ring 41 is sleeved on the outside of the mounting ring 4. The oscillating ring 41 is slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axis of the mounting ring 4. A limit ring 44 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting ring 4 close to the drilling part 2. A strike ring 43 is provided between the limit ring 44 and the oscillating ring 41. The strike ring 43 is also slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axis of the mounting ring 4. An elastic member 47 is provided between the oscillating ring 41 and the mounting ring 4. The elastic member 47 is located on the side of the oscillating ring 41 away from the strike ring 43. A retaining ring 48 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting ring 4 away from the limit ring 44. The elastic member 47 is a spring. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the retaining ring 48, and the other end is fixedly connected to the oscillating ring 41. In its natural state, the elastic member 47 drives the oscillating ring 41 away from the strike ring 43.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 5 A shielding tube 42 is fixedly connected to the end of the oscillating ring 41 facing away from the impact ring 43. Movement of the oscillating ring 41 drives the shielding tube 42 with it. The shielding tube 42 is positioned outside the elastic member 47 and the retaining ring 48, shielding them from external debris, such as rock particles or dirt, that can interfere with the proper functioning of the elastic member 47. The outer circumference of the retaining ring 48 fits snugly against the oscillating ring 41, supporting the shielding tube 42. An annular cavity is formed between the shielding tube 42 and the mounting ring 4. As the shielding tube 42 moves, the volume of the annular cavity changes.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 A drive ring 45 is also disposed within the mounting ring 4. The outer circumference of the drive ring 45 is in contact with the mounting ring 4 and is slidably connected to the mounting ring 4 along the axial direction. Piston rings 452 are fixedly connected to both ends of the drive ring 45 along the axial direction. The piston ring 452 is sleeved on the outside of the rotating tube 51 and is rotatably connected to the rotating tube 51. A plurality of connecting rods 46 are fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the drive ring 45 along the circumference. The mounting ring 4 has a plurality of escape openings along the axial direction that are adapted to the connecting rods 46. The connecting rods 46 pass through the corresponding escape openings and are fixedly connected to the oscillating ring 41. When the drive ring 45 moves along the axial direction, the oscillating ring 41 is driven to move synchronously via the connecting rods 46.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 A plurality of positive spiral plates 511 and a plurality of negative spiral plates 512 are uniformly fixedly connected along the circumference of the outer side of the rotating tube 51. The positive spiral plates 511 and the negative spiral plates 512 are arranged alternately and rotate synchronously with the rotating tube 51. A guide post 451 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the drive ring 45, and the guide post 451 extends toward the axis of the drive ring 45. The gap between the positive spiral plates 511 and the negative spiral plates 512 is larger than the maximum diameter of the guide post 451. In the initial state, the guide post 451 is located between any adjacent positive spiral plates 511 and negative spiral plates 512.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 During the rotation of the rotating tube 51, the sides of the positive spiral plate 511 and the reverse spiral plate 512 that are close to the guide column 451 are both set as contact surfaces. When the contact surface of the positive spiral plate 511 contacts the guide column 451, the positive spiral plate 511 pushes the guide column 451 closer to the impact ring 43. When the contact surface of the reverse spiral plate 512 contacts the guide column 451, it pushes the guide column 451 to move away from the installation ring. The reverse spiral plate 512 and the positive spiral plate 511 are staggered along the axis of the rotating tube 51. When the guide column 451 is separated from the contact surface of the positive spiral plate 511,

[0047] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the outer diameter of the impact ring 43 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer tube 1, and thus during the drilling process, the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the borehole before the outer tube 1. When the outer tube 1 is in the vertically arranged part of the borehole, if the impact ring 43 does not contact the inner wall of the borehole, then the impact ring 43 is close to the limit ring 44 under the action of gravity. At this time, the oscillation ring 41 does not contact the impact ring 43 during the movement, and it only generates vertical pulse oscillations, which is conducive to pushing the outer tube 1 downward. When the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the borehole and the outer tube 1 continues to drill, the outer tube 1 will move relative to the impact ring 43. At this time, no matter whether the outer tube 1 is in a vertical state or a laterally deflected state, the impact ring 43 will break away from the limit ring 44.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 The impact ring 43 supports the movement of the outer tube 1, thereby reducing the resistance encountered during the movement of the outer tube 1 and improving the ease of movement of the outer tube 1. After the oscillation ring 41 collides with the impact ring 43, the impact ring 43 is pushed toward the limit ring 44. At this time, the outer tube 1 continues to move forward, and the impact ring 43 again moves relative to the outer tube 1, allowing the impact ring 43 and the outer tube 1 to move forward alternately, which helps reduce the resistance encountered during the drilling process and improve the drilling efficiency during directional drilling.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6A sealing ring 515 is also sleeved on the outside of the rotating tube 51. Each piston ring 452 is located between the sealing ring 515 and the blocking ring 513. The cavity between the blocking ring 513 and the piston ring 452 constitutes a sealed water storage chamber 1, and the cavity between the piston ring 452 and the sealing ring 515 constitutes a sealed water storage chamber 2. The blocking ring 513 has multiple water inlet holes 1 514 opened along the axis. When the piston ring 452 moves away from the blocking ring 513, the cooling water in the water supply channel is pumped into the water storage chamber 1 through the water inlet holes 1 514. A one-way valve 6 is installed in the water inlet hole 1 514, ensuring that the cooling water flows only in the direction from the blocking ring 513 to the piston ring 452. The piston ring 452 also has multiple water inlet holes 453 opened along the axial direction. A one-way valve 6 is also installed in the water inlet hole 453. When the piston ring 452 approaches the blocking ring 513, the volume of the water storage chamber 1 decreases and the volume of the water storage chamber 2 increases, thereby pressing the cooling water from the water storage chamber 1 along the water inlet hole 453 into the water storage chamber 2.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The driving ring 45, the connecting rod 46 and the oscillation ring 41 are all provided with the same water supply hole 454, and one end of the water supply hole 454 is connected to the water storage chamber. When the piston ring 452 approaches the sealing ring 515, the cooling water in the water storage chamber 2 is pressed into the water supply hole 454. The end of the water supply hole 454 away from the water storage chamber 2 is connected to the annular cavity between the shielding tube 42 and the mounting ring 4, and the cooling water enters the annular cavity along the water supply hole 454. A plurality of straight grooves 411 are provided on the outer surface of the oscillation ring 41 along the axial direction, and connecting ribs 412 are left between adjacent straight grooves 411. The straight grooves 411 are conducive to reducing the contact area between the oscillation ring 41 and the inner wall of the borehole, thereby reducing the friction force on the oscillation ring 41 during movement.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A direct current cavity 413 is opened on the inner side of the connecting rib 412, and one end of the direct current cavity 413 is connected to the annular cavity. During the movement of the oscillation ring 41, the volume of the annular cavity undergoes regular changes in size. And because two groups of sealing rings 515, piston rings 452 and blocking rings 513 are provided, cooling water is continuously pumped into the annular cavity during the movement of the drive ring 45. And under the blocking action of the one-way valve 6, the cooling water flows in one direction. When the volume of the annular cavity increases, the cooling water is stored in the annular cavity. When the volume of the annular cavity decreases, the cooling water is pressed into the direct current cavity 413. Since the cooling water is continuously transported to the annular cavity, the probability of mud water in the borehole entering the annular cavity and interfering with the operation of the elastic member 47 is reduced during the change of the annular cavity volume.

[0052] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6All connecting ribs 412 are provided with multiple water spray holes 414 along their lengths. These water spray holes 414 are located within the straight grooves 411 and communicate with the direct current chambers 413 within the corresponding connecting ribs 412. The water spray holes 414 gradually deviate from the direct current chambers 413 as they move away from the axis of the oscillation ring 41. Cooling water within the direct current chambers 413 is pressed into the water spray holes 414 and then sprayed out from them. When the outer tube 1 is located in a horizontal borehole, debris such as fallen rocks and soil in the borehole easily accumulates at the lower end of the outer tube 1. During the movement of the oscillation ring 41, the cooling water sprayed through the water spray holes 414 flushes away the debris, pushing the accumulated debris in the borehole away from the oscillation ring 41, thereby reducing the probability of debris affecting the movement of the oscillation ring 41 and the outer tube 1.

[0053] The operating principle of a composite pulse-type rock formation adaptive drilling system according to an embodiment of the present application is as follows: During the drilling process, the outer tube 1 is supported by the impact ring 43 and the oscillation ring 41, thereby reducing the friction generated between the outer tube 1 and the inner wall of the borehole. Because the diameter of the impact ring 43 is larger than that of the outer tube 1, the impact ring 43 contacts the inner wall of the borehole before the outer tube 1. When the impact ring 43 rubs against the inner wall of the borehole, it is relatively displaced from the outer tube 1 and moves away from the limit ring 44. During this process, the transmission shaft 3 pushes the drive ring 45 to continuously reciprocate along the axis through the transmission ring 5. When the drive ring 45 moves, it drives the oscillation ring 41 to generate pulse oscillations, causing the oscillation ring 41 to impact the impact ring 43, thereby pushing the impact ring 43 toward the drilling section 2. The outer tube 1 and the impact ring 43 advance alternately, thereby reducing the friction experienced by the outer tube 1 during movement, which is beneficial to improving drilling efficiency.

[0054] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system, comprising an outer tube (1), one end of the outer tube (1) being rotatably connected to a drilling unit (2), and a transmission shaft (3) being rotatably connected inside the outer tube (1) for driving the drilling unit (2) to rotate, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of mounting rings (4) are provided. An oscillating ring (41) is sleeved on the outer side of the mounting ring (4). The oscillating ring (41) is slidably connected to the mounting ring (4) along the axial direction. An end of the mounting ring (4) close to the drilling part (2) is slidably connected to an impact ring (43) facing the oscillating ring (41) along the axial direction. The outer diameter of the impact ring (43) is larger than the outer diameter of the outer tube (1). A driving ring (45) is slidably connected to the inner side of the mounting ring (4) along the axial direction. The outer circle of the driving ring (45) is fixedly connected to a connecting rod (46). The connecting rod (46) passes through the mounting ring (4) and is fixedly connected to the oscillating ring (41). A transmission ring (5) is sleeved on the outer side of the transmission shaft (3). When the transmission shaft (3) rotates, the transmission ring (5) is driven to rotate. The transmission ring (5) is rotatably connected to the mounting ring (4). The driving ring (45) is located on the outer side of the transmission ring (5) and is coaxial with the transmission ring (5). The outer side of the transmission ring (5) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (46). A plurality of positive spiral plates (511) are fixedly connected along the circumferential direction of the circle, a guide column (451) is fixedly connected to the driving ring (45), an elastic member (47) is provided between the oscillating ring (41) and the mounting ring (4), and when the elastic member (47) is in a natural state, the guide column (451) is located at one end of the positive spiral plate (511) away from the drilling portion (2), and when the positive spiral plate (511) rotates, the driving ring (45) is pushed to move through the guide column (451), so that the driving ring (45) drives the oscillating ring (41) to approach the impact ring (43), and one end of the mounting ring (4) close to the drilling portion (2) is fixedly connected to the limiting ring (44), when the impact ring (43) contacts the limiting ring (44), the oscillating ring (41) does not contact the impact ring (43), and when the impact ring (43) is separated from the limiting ring (44), the oscillating ring (41) collides with the impact ring (43) during the movement.

2. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the transmission ring (5) is also fixedly connected with a plurality of reverse spiral plates (512) along the circumferential direction. The spiral direction of the reverse spiral plates (512) is opposite to that of the positive spiral plates (511), and the reverse spiral plates (512) and the positive spiral plates (511) are arranged at intervals. The minimum spacing between the positive spiral plates (511) and the reverse spiral plates (512) is greater than the maximum diameter of the guide column (451). The reverse spiral plates (512) and the positive spiral plates (511) are arranged in an alternating manner. The end surfaces of the positive spiral plates (511) and the reverse spiral plates (512) used to drive the guide column (451) to move are both set as contact surfaces. After the guide column (451) is separated from the positive spiral plate (511), the contact surface on the reverse spiral plate (512) is directly opposite to one end close to the drilling part (2).

3. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the transmission shaft (3) and the outer tube (1) forms a water delivery channel, which is used to deliver cooling water along the outer tube (1) to the drilling part (2). The outer side of the oscillation ring (41) is provided with a plurality of water spray holes (414) along the circumferential direction, and the drive ring (45) is provided with a water delivery hole (454). One end of the water delivery hole (454) is connected to the water spray hole (414), and the other end is connected to the water delivery channel.

4. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission ring (5) is fixedly connected to a blocking ring (513) at both ends along the axial direction, and two sealing rings (515) are also sleeved on the outside of the transmission ring (5), and all the positive spiral plates (511) are located between the two sealing rings (515). The drive ring (45) is fixedly connected to a piston ring (452) at both ends along the axial direction, and the piston ring (452) is located between the sealing ring (515) and the blocking ring (513). The piston ring (452) and the blocking ring (513) are in close contact with each other. The gap between the piston ring (452) and the sealing ring (515) constitutes a water storage chamber 1, the blocking ring (513) is opened with a water inlet hole 1 (514) along the axial direction, the gap between the piston ring (452) and the sealing ring (515) constitutes a water storage chamber 2, and the piston ring (452) is opened with a water inlet hole 2 (453) along the axial direction, a one-way valve (6) is provided in the water inlet hole 1 (514) and the water inlet hole 2 (453), and the water supply hole (454) is connected to the water storage chamber 2 at one end away from the water spray hole (414).

5. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the oscillation ring (41) is provided with a plurality of straight grooves (411) along the axial direction, and connecting ribs (412) are left between adjacent straight grooves (411). A direct current cavity (413) is provided in all the connecting ribs (412) along the length direction, and the water supply hole (454) is connected to the direct current cavity (413). All the water spray holes (414) are located in the straight grooves (411) and are distributed on both sides of the connecting rib (412) along the length direction. All the water spray holes (414) on the same connecting rib (412) are connected to the direct current cavity (413), and the end of the water spray hole (414) away from the axis of the oscillation ring (41) is inclined in a direction away from the direct current cavity (413).

6. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling portion (2) comprises a hydraulic motor (21) and a drill bit (22); an end of the outer tube (1) close to the drilling portion (2) is rotatably connected to a mounting tube (11); one end of the transmission shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the mounting tube (11); an end of the mounting tube (11) away from the outer tube (1) is fixedly connected to a deflection tube (12); an axis of the deflection tube (12) and an axis of the mounting tube (11) have a preset deflection angle; the hydraulic motor (21) is installed in the deflection tube (12); the drill bit (22) is rotatably connected to an end of the deflection tube (12) away from the mounting tube (11) and fixedly connected to an output end of the hydraulic motor (21).

7. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission shaft (3) includes a main steel cable (31) and a plurality of slave steel cables (32) spirally arranged on the outside of the main steel cable (31). Both the main steel cable (31) and the slave steel cables (32) are flexible, and the gaps between adjacent slave steel cables (32) form a spiral groove. The drive ring (45) includes a rotating tube (51) and a connecting tube (52) for installing a positive spiral plate (511). The connecting tube (52) is coaxially arranged on the inside of the rotating tube (51), and a plurality of connecting plates (53) are fixedly connected between the connecting tube (52) and the rotating tube (51). The transmission shaft (3) passes through the connecting tube (52), and the main steel cable (31) is coaxial with the connecting tube (52). The inner wall of the connecting tube (52) is fixedly connected with a plurality of extension blocks (521) adapted to the spiral groove. The extension blocks (521) extend in the spiral groove and conflict with the slave steel cables (32).

8. The composite pulse rock formation adaptive drilling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic member (47) is sleeved on the outside of the mounting ring (4); the end of the mounting ring (4) away from the drilling portion (2) is fixedly connected to a retaining ring (48); the elastic member (47) is located between the retaining ring (48) and the oscillation ring (41); the end of the oscillation ring (41) away from the drilling portion (2) is fixedly connected to a shielding tube (42); the shielding tube (42) cooperates with the mounting ring (4) to form an annular cavity for accommodating the elastic member (47); the direct current cavity (413) and the water supply hole (454) are connected through the annular cavity; the outer diameter of the shielding tube (42) is smaller than the outer diameter of the oscillation ring (41).

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