Track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanidation tailings

Abstract

The invention discloses a track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanidation tailings, and relates to the technical field of solid waste recycling, the track kiln comprises a base, a track and a kiln car, the track is fixedly mounted at the top of the base, and the kiln car is internally provided with a self-propelled structure and can travel along the track; the device further comprises a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car, hollow shafts are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame, and the sides, close to each other, of the two hollow shafts are fixedly connected with center gears. Raw materials are conveyed in the form of arranging the tunnel kiln, the raw materials are contained in the trays in the conveying process, the materials move in a static mode along with the kiln car, no relative rolling exists between particles, large friction does not exist between the raw materials and between the raw materials and the conveying system, and particle shape damage caused by friction is reduced; the problems that irregular-structure raw material particles outside the raw materials are crushed or rubbed flat due to mutual friction of the raw materials, irregular forms cannot be reserved, and the mechanical property of the aggregate is affected are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to an orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings. Background Art

[0002] Cyanide tailings are solid wastes containing cyanide, sulfur and heavy metals (such as arsenic, lead) generated in the cyanidation gold extraction process. Their composition is complex and their stability is poor. Long-term stacking is likely to cause environmental risks. Basalt aggregate is a granular material with high strength and low water absorption made from natural basalt or artificial synthesis. Due to its excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, it is widely used in engineering fields such as roads and bridges.

[0003] Free cyanide in cyanide tailings is highly toxic and can form complexes when encountering water and migrate to soil and groundwater. Long-term leaching of heavy metals (such as arsenic, lead) will cause chronic poisoning. Through high-temperature calcination, cyanide can be oxidized and decomposed, heavy metals can be stabilized (forming a spinel structure), and the silicon-aluminate mineral phase can be reconstructed to form basalt-like aggregate.

[0004] Currently, the mainstream preparation technologies are as follows: Mechanical crushing method: directly crush the waste residue, but due to uneven raw material hardness and concentrated crushing stress, the particles have too many sharp corners or are pulverized, and cyanide-containing tailings cannot be processed; High-temperature sintering method: use a rotary kiln or a shaft kiln for calcination, but due to uneven temperature in the kiln and excessive molten phase, the particles are adhered or the surface is smoothed, reducing the bond strength at the aggregate-concrete interface; Non-fired curing method: bond the particles with cement or resin. Due to poor interfacial compatibility between the cementitious material and the tailings, micro-cracks are easily generated and the long-term durability is insufficient.

[0005] In view of some deficiencies of the above-mentioned equipment, the prior art uses a kiln for calcination for preparation and processing. However, in the low-temperature section of traditional rotary kilns and shaft kilns, due to the rolling friction of particles along with the kiln body, during high-temperature calcination, the raw material particles are broken or melted and deformed, and the sharp corners are severely worn, resulting in a smooth appearance of the aggregate after being made and without irregular sharp corners (worn off or smoothed), unable to retain the irregular shape, affecting the aggregate gradation and mechanical properties, and thus affecting its bonding ability when used as a filler, which urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings comprises a base, a tunnel kiln body installed on the top of the base, a track, a conveying system and a kiln car, wherein the track is fixedly installed on the top of the base; and further comprises: a material distribution frame fixedly connected to the top of the base, a double-axis movable module fixedly installed on the top of the material distribution frame, a material distribution bin fixedly connected to the movable end of the double-axis movable module, the material distribution bin comprising three chambers respectively used for containing cyanide tailings particles of different sizes, an electric valve is arranged at the bottom of each chamber, a side frame is fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car, and a plurality of trays for loading cyanide tailings particles are arranged on the inner side of the side frame; three transfer bins corresponding to the chambers are fixedly connected to the bottom of the material distribution bin, and the sum of the volumes of all the transfer bins is less than the volume of the trays; the transfer bins are all arranged as curved structures, and a control component is arranged at the bottom of the transfer bins, and the control component is used to control the unloading of materials at the bottom of the transfer bins; the bottoms of the three transfer bins are all arranged in an inclined manner and are in the same straight line.

[0008] The above technical solution is adopted, by placing the three different types and sizes of particles respectively in the three chambers of the distribution bin, and in the distribution process, the electric valve is opened and the dual-axis moving module is controlled to work, so that the distribution bin moves from left to right along the pallet, and spreads the materials in the transfer bin in the pallet until the pallet is fully covered with materials; after being fully covered (the transfer bin is completely moved from the left side of the pallet to the right side, and the materials in the transfer bin are also completely dropped into the pallet), the transfer bin is controlled to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position, at this time, the bottom of the transfer bin is controlled to be closed again through the control component, and the electric valve is opened to allow the distribution bin to replenish the transfer bin, and at the same time, the pallet is controlled to revolve until the next empty pallet is at the top of its motion trajectory waiting for the next distribution; the distribution bin accompanies the dual-axis moving module in the distribution process from left to right, and at the same time, it also slightly shakes back and forth in the front and rear directions to assist in material unloading and prevent the granular materials from being stuck in the arc-shaped channel of the transfer bin.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the conveying system includes two hollow shafts symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame, the adjacent sides of the two hollow shafts are fixedly connected to the central gear, the two sides of the side frame are rotatably connected with the main shaft, the adjacent ends of the main shaft pass through the hollow shaft and the central gear and are fixedly connected with the transmission plate, the tray is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two transmission plates, the two ends of the central shaft of the tray extend to the other side of the transmission plate and are fixedly connected with the driven gear, and the central gear and each driven gear are connected by two mutually meshing gears; the top of the kiln car is rotatably connected with the transmission shaft, the top of the base is provided with a driving component for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft, and the top of the transmission shaft is connected to one of the main shafts by mutually meshing bevel gears; the bottom end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the transmission gear, and the top of the base and located inside the tunnel kiln body is fixedly connected with a transmission rack, and the transmission rack and the transmission gear are meshed when in contact.

[0010] The above technical solution is adopted to transport raw materials by setting up a tunnel kiln. During the transportation process, the raw materials are placed in a tray, and the materials move statically with the kiln car (only overall movement, no relative rolling between particles). There will be no large friction between the raw materials and the conveying system, which reduces the particle shape damage caused by friction, avoids the problem that the raw materials have irregular external structures and are broken or flattened due to friction between the raw materials, so that the irregular shapes cannot be retained, affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate; Through the above design, the material can move along the track during the pallet transportation process and revolve around the main axis at the same time. The movement of each pallet relative to the kiln car is similar to the structure of a Ferris wheel. This movement combined with the movement of the kiln car produces a spiral-shaped travel route, thereby ensuring the "turning" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, and reducing the impact of waste gas accumulation on emissions during the sintering process. At the same time, based on the above-mentioned "static transportation", the friction between the materials and between the materials and the transportation system during the "turning" process is avoided.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the driving component includes an installation groove opened on the top of the base, the interior of the installation groove is fixedly connected to the driving motor, a fixing plate is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the installation groove, the bottom of the fixing plate is rotatably connected to the driving shaft, the bottom of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, the top of the driving shaft extends to the top of the fixing plate, the outer wall of the driving shaft is provided with a flat key, the part of the driving shaft with the flat key is slidably connected to the adapter shaft, a slot is opened on the top of the adapter shaft, the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to a key shaft, the key shaft and the slot are used by plugging, the bottom of the outer wall of the adapter shaft is fixedly connected to a washer, the outside of the driving shaft is located between the washer and the fixing plate with a first spring, the top of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to an electromagnet, and the outer wall of the washer is fixedly connected to an iron ring.

[0012] With the above technical solution, the electromagnet is initially energized, generating magnetic force and adsorbing the iron ring, so that the washer and the adapter shaft both move downward and squeeze the first spring, and the adapter shaft and the key shaft do not contact each other; when it is necessary to distribute the materials, the kiln car is controlled to move until the drive shaft and the transmission shaft are coaxial, and the electromagnet is controlled to be powered off, so that the first spring rebounds and pushes the adapter shaft upward and conflicts with the key shaft. When the directions of the slot and the key shaft do not match, the key shaft contacts the end of the adapter shaft, but the first spring still has potential energy. When the directions of the two are exactly opposite, the key shaft is inserted into the slot. Regardless of whether they are exactly opposite, distribution of materials can be carried out directly by controlling the drive motor.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the control component includes a slide, which is symmetrically fixedly connected between the bottoms of the three transfer silos, the inner sides of the slides are fixedly connected with slide rods, the outer sides of the slide rods are slidably connected with sliders, a baffle is fixedly connected between the sides where the two sliders are close to each other, the baffle is in contact with the bottom of the transfer silo, and the outer sides of the slide rods are sleeved with second springs; a locking ring is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, a second protective cover is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the transfer silo on the left, and the inner side of the second protective cover is in contact with the transfer silo. A mounting plate is fixedly connected between the two ends of the slider, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, a movable end of the electric push rod extends to the top of the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to a linkage frame, a spring latch structure is fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting plate, one end of the latch in the spring latch structure is fixedly connected to a wedge, and the other end is fixedly connected to a linkage rod, the top end of the linkage rod passes through the mounting plate and the linkage frame and is fixedly connected to a support plate, the linkage rod is slidably connected to the mounting plate and the linkage frame; one side of the slider is fixedly connected to a force frame, and one side of the force frame is rotatably connected to a plurality of rollers.

[0014] With the above technical solution, when the transfer bin moves until the roller contacts the pallet (as shown in the figure, it shows the state when the roller just contacts the pallet), as the transfer bin continues to move, the roller will push the force frame in the opposite direction to move, drive the slider to move and squeeze the second spring, and at the same time drive the baffle to move, and when the corresponding transfer bin moves to above the pallet, the baffle will correspondingly release the blocking state of the transfer bin, so that the particles in the transfer bin can fall into the pallet to achieve material distribution.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the inlet and outlet parts of the tunnel kiln body are fixedly connected with partition chambers, the interior of the partition chamber is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the bottom of the mounting seat is rotatably connected with a blocking block, one side of the blocking block has an opening, the top of the partition chamber is fixedly connected with a switching motor, the central axis of the blocking block extends to the top of the partition chamber and is connected to the output end of the switching motor through a reducer transmission.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, a partition chamber is set up for transfer when the kiln car enters and exits, and a blocking block with a revolving door structure is set up. By controlling the switching motor to work, the side of the blocking block with the opening is driven to face the direction of the kiln car, and the kiln car can enter the opening. When the kiln car moves in the opening, the switching motor is controlled to work, and the blocking block is driven to rotate 180° relative to the above state. The opening direction is the moving direction of the kiln car, so that the kiln car can pass through the blocking block smoothly, but the discharge of hot air is blocked, thereby reducing energy waste.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: a gantry is fixedly connected to the side of the separation chamber away from the tunnel kiln, a liftable heat-insulating door is arranged inside the gantry, an upper pressing plate is fixedly connected to the top position of the side of the heat-insulating door close to the tunnel kiln body, a sealing strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper pressing plate, cylinders are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the gantry, piston rods of the cylinders are fixedly connected with side pressing plates, and sealing strips are fixedly connected to the sides of the side pressing plates away from the cylinders.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, by additionally arranging a liftable heat-insulating door, the heat-insulating door can be controlled to close when there is no need for feeding and discharging. In the closed state, the upper pressing plate presses the sealing strip above and seals the gap between the heat-insulating door and the upper part of the gantry. At the same time, when the heat-insulating door is in the closed state, the cylinders are controlled to work, the side pressing plates are pushed to move, and the sealing strips on both sides are driven to squeeze the gaps between the heat-insulating door and both sides of the gantry, thereby avoiding heat loss, and the sealing strips are all arranged outside, so they are less affected by temperature.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: a number of through holes are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the tray, the bottom of the tray is a corrugated plate with a corrugated shape, and the peak line of the corrugated shape at the bottom of the tray forms an angle of 70° - 85° with the main shaft.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, by setting the bottom of the tray as a corrugated plate with a corrugated shape, the bearing capacity of the bottom of the tray is improved, the required thickness of the bottom of the tray is reduced, and the heat conduction effect is improved; at the same time, more particles can contact the bottom of the tray after the corrugated shape is covered, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency; the extending direction of the corrugation is consistent with the spiral movement direction of the tray, thereby promoting the hot air flow to form a co-directional spiral upward trajectory and prolonging the heat exchange time.

[0021] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention lies in that: a first protective cover is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc away from the tray, and a through groove for the hollow shaft to pass through is arranged at the middle position of the first protective cover.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the influence of spilled particulate impurities on the transmission structure is reduced, and at the same time, the influence of heat on the transmission structure is reduced.

[0023] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the technical progress obtained by the present invention compared with the prior art is: 1. The present invention conveys raw materials in the form of a tunnel kiln. During the conveying process, the raw materials are placed in trays, and the materials move statically with the kiln car (only move as a whole, and there is no relative rolling between particles). There will be no large friction between the raw materials themselves and with the conveying system, reducing the damage to the particle shape caused by friction, avoiding the problem that the raw material particles with irregular external structures are broken or ground flat due to mutual friction of the raw materials, and thus unable to retain the irregular shape and affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate.

[0024] 2. The present invention improves the pressure-bearing capacity of the bottom of the tray by setting the bottom of the tray as a corrugated board with a corrugated shape, thereby reducing the required thickness of the bottom of the tray, improving the heat conduction effect; at the same time, more particles can contact the bottom of the tray after the corrugated shape is covered, thus improving the heat transfer efficiency; the extending direction of the corrugations is consistent with the spiral movement direction of the tray, thereby promoting the formation of a co-directional spiral upward trajectory of the hot air flow and prolonging the heat exchange time.

[0025] 3. The present invention places the three different types and sizes of particles made in three chambers of the cloth bin respectively. During the cloth feeding process, the electric valve is opened and the biaxial moving module is controlled to work, so that the cloth bin vibrates reciprocally in the same direction as the track and moves linearly along the direction perpendicular to the track at the same time until the tray is covered with materials.

[0026] 4. The present invention is provided with a transfer bin to measure the amount of particulate matter for each cloth feeding, and the transfer bin is set as a curved structure so that the particles can slide gently downward along the inner curved surface of the transfer bin, avoiding the problem that the particles fall vertically downward resulting in too large an impact and damaging the integrity of the particles.

[0027] 5. The present invention is provided with a partition bin for transfer when the kiln car enters and exits, and a blocking block similar to a revolving door structure is set. By controlling the switching motor to work, the side of the blocking block with an opening is driven to face the direction in which the kiln car is approaching. The kiln car can drive into the opening. During the process of the kiln car moving inside the opening, the switching motor is controlled to work, driving the blocking block to rotate 180° relative to the above state. The opening direction is the moving direction of the kiln car, so that the kiln car can pass through the blocking block smoothly, but blocks the discharge of hot air, thereby reducing the waste of energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic partial sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic split structural diagram of the partition bin of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic installation structural diagram of the cloth rack of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the kiln car of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the tray of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the cloth bin of the present invention; Figure 9 Structural schematic diagram of the driving component of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view at position A in; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view at position B in; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the state when the roller just contacts the tray; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the state when the baffle removes the blockage of the small particle transfer bin; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the state when the baffle removes the blockage of the medium particle transfer bin; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the state when the baffle removes all transfer bins; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the state when the transfer bin moves to the middle of the tray; Figure 17 Structural schematic diagram of the state when the cloth feeding is about to be completed.

[0030] In the figure: 1, base; 2, tunnel kiln body; 3, partition bin; 4, kiln car; 5, side frame; 6, hollow shaft; 7, main shaft; 8, drive disc; 9, tray; 10, driven gear; 11, central gear; 12, first protective cover; 13, transmission shaft; 14, transmission gear; 15, transmission rack; 16, installation groove; 17, drive motor; 18, fixed plate; 19, drive shaft; 20, adapter shaft; 21, washer; 22, iron ring; 23, slot; 24, key shaft; 25, first spring; 26, electromagnet; 27, corrugated plate; 28, through hole; 29, cloth feeding frame; 30, double-axis moving module; 31, cloth feeding bin; 32, chamber; 33, transfer bin; 34, second protective cover; 35, sliding frame; 36, sliding rod; 37, slider; 38, second spring; 39, baffle; 40, mounting plate; 41, locking ring; 42, electric push rod; 43, linkage frame; 44, spring plug structure; 45, wedge block; 46, linkage rod; 47, support plate; 48, stress frame; 49, roller; 50, mounting seat; 51, blocking block; 52, opening; 53, switching motor; 54, heat insulation door; 55, cylinder; 56, side pressing plate; 57, sealing strip; 58, upper pressing plate; 59, door frame. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments: Embodiment 1

[0032] As Figures 1 - 17As shown in the figure, the present invention provides an orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, comprising a base 1, a tunnel kiln body 2 installed on the top of the base 1, tracks, a conveying system and a kiln car 4. The tracks are fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. The interior of the kiln car 4 is equipped with a self-propelled structure, which can be controlled by an external control device to drive itself and travel along the tracks; the tracks pass through the tunnel kiln body 2; a cloth rack 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a double-axis moving module 30 is fixedly installed on the top of the cloth rack 29, and a cloth bin 31 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the double-axis moving module 30. The cloth bin 31 includes three chambers 32, which are respectively used for containing cyanide tailings particles of different sizes. Electric valves are arranged at the bottom of each chamber 32 of the cloth bin 31. A driving component for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft 13 is arranged on the top of the base 1. During cloth feeding, the driving component works to drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the tray 9 moves through transmission, and each tray 9 moves to the uppermost position of its revolution trajectory in turn and remains stationary to receive materials.

[0033] As Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 11 shown, preferably, three intermediate bins 33 corresponding to and communicating with the chambers 32 one by one are fixedly connected to the bottom of the cloth bin 31. The sum of the volumes of all the intermediate bins 33 is smaller than the volume of the tray 9; the intermediate bins 33 are all arranged in a bent structure, and a control component is arranged at the bottom of the intermediate bins 33 for controlling the feeding at the bottom of the intermediate bins 33; the bottoms of the three intermediate bins 33 are all inclined and on the same straight line.

[0034] Since it is necessary to ensure the irregular shape of the outside of the particles as much as possible, and the raw materials are not firmly bonded before calcination, the external integrity of the particles is easily damaged by the action of the particle gravity and mutual collision during the cloth feeding process; By providing the intermediate bins 33, the amount of particulate matter for each cloth feeding is measured, and the intermediate bins 33 are arranged in a bent structure so that the particles can slide gently downward along the inner bent surface of the intermediate bins 33, avoiding the problem that the particles fall vertically downward, resulting in too large an impact and damaging the particle integrity. When the control component controls the feeding at the bottom of the intermediate bins 33 to stop, the material in the chamber 32 can be dropped into the intermediate bins 33 by opening the electric valve, and the electric valve can be controlled to close when the intermediate bins 33 are full; It should be specifically noted that: the capacity of the transfer silo 33 is preset, and the amount of particles of the corresponding size that each transfer silo 33 can hold can exactly cover one layer on the pallet 9. That is to say, by opening the electric valve to fill the transfer silo 33 and then closing the electric valve, at this time, the particles in the transfer silo 33 can just cover the pallet 9. During the cloth feeding process, only the moving speed of the cloth feeding bin 31 needs to be coordinated and controlled to ensure that the transfer silo 33 (moving synchronously with the cloth feeding bin 31) moves from one side of the pallet 9 to the other side, and at this time, the particles inside it just completely fall out.

[0035] Since this solution uses the form of a tunnel kiln to process particle calcination; however, using a tunnel kiln for particle calcination will inevitably bring new problems. The particulate matter is placed in the pallet 9, and the upper-layer particles cover the lower-layer particles, which will block the heat transfer and flue gas discharge to a certain extent. And since this solution is proposed based on the background of reducing the mutual friction between particles, it is not possible to turn the particles, so it is necessary to improve the cloth feeding method: By placing the three different types and sizes of particles made in the three chambers 32 of the cloth feeding bin 31 respectively, keep the electric valve closed during the cloth feeding process, so that the particles in the cloth feeding bin 31 cannot fall into the transfer silo 33, and control the double-axis moving module 30 to work, so that the cloth feeding bin 31 moves along the pallet 9 from left to right, and spread the materials in the transfer silo 33 on the pallet 9 until the pallet 9 is fully covered; after being fully covered (the transfer silo 33 moves completely from the left side to the right side of the pallet 9, and the materials in the transfer silo 33 also completely fall on the pallet 9), control the transfer silo 33 to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position. At this time, control the bottom of the transfer silo 33 to close again through the control component, and open the electric valve to make the cloth feeding bin 31 replenish the transfer silo 33 with materials. At the same time, control the revolution of the pallet 9 until the next empty pallet 9 is at the top of its movement track waiting for the next cloth feeding; Preferably, during the process of the cloth feeding bin 31 moving from left to right along with the double-axis moving module 30 for cloth feeding, it also slightly reciprocates and vibrates in the front-back direction to assist in discharging materials and prevent the particulate materials from getting stuck inside the arc-shaped channel of the transfer silo 33.

[0036] Such as Figures 12 - 17As shown, preferably, the bottoms of the three intermediate bins 33 are inclined. The intermediate bin 33 with the lowest bottom is used to hold the raw materials with the smallest particles, and as the height of the bottom of the intermediate bin 33 increases, the particle size of the raw materials held gradually increases. Correspondingly, during the cloth laying process, the smallest particles will be laid first, and then medium-sized particles and large-sized particles will be laid in sequence on the basis of the small particles. In this way, the particle size in the tray 9 gradually increases from bottom to top. When the particles with small particle sizes are laid flat, the gaps between them are smaller. According to the arrangement of the particles in the tray 9, the gaps between the particles become larger as the layer goes up, so that the thermal radiation can more easily penetrate the gaps between the large particles on the surface layer and act on the deep-layer particles, improving the calcination effect; on the other hand, during the conveying process, since the tray 9 needs to move continuously, and there are air channels inside the tunnel kiln body 2 to discharge the flue gas, laying the large particles on the topmost layer can reduce the problem of particles being blown away by the airflow.

[0037] Preferably, the dual-axis moving module 30 includes two mutually perpendicular servo modules, and one of the servo modules is installed at the movable end of the other servo module.

[0038] As Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings further includes a side frame 5 fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car 4. Hollow shafts 6 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner sides of the side frame 5. Central gears 11 are fixedly connected to the sides of the two hollow shafts 6 close to each other. Main shafts 7 are rotatably connected to both sides of the side frame 5. The ends of the main shafts 7 close to each other pass through the hollow shafts 6 and the central gears 11 and are fixedly connected with drive disks 8. The middle positions between the two drive disks 8 close to each other are connected by a shaft. The tray 9 is rotatably connected between the two drive disks 8 close to each other. The two ends of the central axis of the tray 9 extend to the other side of the drive disks 8 and are fixedly connected with driven gears 10. Each central gear 11 and each driven gear 10 are connected by two mutually meshing gears; a drive shaft 13 is rotatably connected to the top of the kiln car 4. The top end of the drive shaft 13 and one of the main shafts 7 are connected by mutually meshing bevel gears. The bottom end of the drive shaft 13 extends below the kiln car 4 and is fixedly connected with a drive gear 14. A drive rack 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1 and inside the tunnel kiln body 2. The drive rack 15 and the drive gear 14 are in meshing connection when they are in contact.

[0039] By setting the form of the tunnel kiln for transporting raw materials, during the transportation process, the raw materials are placed in the tray 9, and the materials move statically with the kiln car 4 (only the whole moves, and there is no relative rolling between the particles). There will be no large friction between the raw materials and between the raw materials and the conveying system, reducing the particle shape damage caused by friction, and avoiding the problem that the raw materials with irregular external structures are broken or ground flat due to mutual friction of the raw materials, so that the irregular shape cannot be retained, affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate. Reference Figure 2 , the advancing direction of the kiln car 4 is set as the front, the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the kiln car is the rear, the left and right sides in the forward-facing state are respectively set as the left side and the right side. During the forward movement of the kiln car 4 (since the transmission shaft 13 and the transmission gear 14 are both installed on the kiln car 4), the transmission shaft 13 and the transmission gear 14 move with the kiln car 4 (only linear movement without rotation). After the kiln car 4 enters the interior of the tunnel kiln body 2, the transmission gear 14 contacts the transmission rack 15 and meshes with it. Along with the linear movement of the transmission gear 14, it will rotate simultaneously, and drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate. At the same time, the main shaft 7 is driven to rotate through the meshing bevel gears, and then the transmission disc 8 is driven to rotate. The transmission disc 8 is provided with multiple gears meshing with the central gear 11. When the transmission disc 8 rotates, the gears revolve around the central gear 11. The central gear 11 is fixedly connected to the side frame 5 through the hollow shaft 6. Therefore, during the above-mentioned revolution process, the gears meshing with the central gear 11 will rotate in the opposite direction, and drive the driven gear 10 to rotate through the transmission of the intermediate gear (the gear meshing with the driven gear 10). Since the driven gear 10 and the central gear 11 are transmitted through two meshing gears, the rotation direction of the driven gear 10 is opposite to that of the transmission disc 8. By adjusting the size ratio of each gear, the rotation speed of the driven gear 10 is made the same as that of the transmission disc 8, so as to realize the simultaneous reverse self-rotation of the tray 9 during the rotation of the transmission disc 8, making it always face upward; It should be noted specifically that the transmission rack 15 is only distributed in the area inside the tunnel kiln body 2, specifically set in the working area where heat is generated inside the tunnel kiln body 2, and does not include the entrance and exit positions at both ends (refer to Figure 1 , the transmission rack 15 is inside the tunnel kiln body 2 and neither end extends into the separation bin 3), so that the transmission gear 14 will only mesh with the transmission rack 15 when the kiln car 4 enters the calcination area. That is to say, only in the calcination area, each tray 9 moves in a form similar to a Ferris wheel structure, and at the same time is conveyed along with the kiln car 4, so that the raw materials are heated more evenly; when the kiln car 4 just enters the entrance of the tunnel kiln body 2 or approaches the exit, the transmission gear 14 does not mesh with the transmission rack 15, so the tray 9 will not flip; its function is to make the whole tray 9 move in the calcination area to improve the heating effect.

[0040] Through the above design, it can make the material move along the track during the conveying process of the tray 9, and at the same time revolve around the main shaft 7. The movement mode of each tray 9 relative to the kiln car 4 is similar to a Ferris wheel structure. This movement is superimposed on the movement of the kiln car 4 to generate a spiral-like travel route, thus ensuring the "turning" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, reducing the aggregation of waste gas during the sintering process and affecting the emission, and at the same time avoiding the friction between the materials and between the materials and the conveying system during the "turning" process based on the above "static conveying".

[0041] AsFigure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in Figure 8 , preferably, a plurality of through holes 28 are equidistantly arranged at the bottom of the tray 9, the bottom of the tray 9 is provided with a corrugated plate 27 in a corrugated shape, and the peak line of the corrugated shape at the bottom of the tray 9 forms a 75° angle with the main shaft 7.

[0042] Since the cyanide tailings need to be contained in the tray 9 and statically transported, the supporting structure at the bottom of the tray 9 affects the calcination of the lower-layer raw materials during the transportation process. Especially, due to the certain mass of the multi-layer raw materials themselves, they need to withstand high-temperature effects, and at the same time, they need to be revolved and flipped, so that the bottom of the tray 9 is continuously subjected to the pressure brought by the above activities. Therefore, in order to avoid the deformation of its bottom, there are requirements for the thickness of the bottom of the tray 9. However, if the bottom of the tray 9 is set too thick, it will directly affect the heat radiation effect into the tray 9; Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the bottom of the tray 9 as a corrugated plate 27 in a corrugated shape, the bearing capacity of the bottom of the tray 9 is sequentially improved to reduce the required thickness of the bottom of the tray 9, thereby improving the heat conduction effect; At the same time, after the corrugated shape is covered, there can be more particles in contact with the bottom of the tray 9, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency; The peak line of the corrugated shape forms a 75° angle with the main shaft 7 and a 15° angle with the traveling direction (in the case of a straight line). The corrugation extension direction is the same as the spiral movement direction of the tray 9, thereby promoting the hot air flow to form a co-directional spiral upward trajectory and prolonging the heat exchange time (the residence time of the hot air flow); In addition, the lateral air flow component generated by the inclined corrugation can partially offset the particle centrifugal force and reduce the risk of particle ejection.

[0043] The present invention also provides a process for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, including the following steps: S1: Raw material drying: The cyanide tailings raw materials are dried, and the moisture content is controlled to be ≤1%; S2: Batching: The dried cyanide tailings are mixed with a flux (3% - 5% Fe2O3 - Al2O3 complex) and a sulfur-fixing agent (2% - 4% CaCO3) according to a mass ratio; S3: Ball milling: The mixture is ball milled to a particle size of ≤0.5 mm; S4: Granulation: The ball milled powder is pressed into three types of particles with different diameters, large, medium, and small, by a pair-roll briquetting machine. Among them, the large-sized particles have a diameter of 15 - 20 mm, the medium-sized particles have a diameter of 10 - 15 mm, and the small-sized particles have a diameter of 5 - 10 mm; S5: Treatment by a disposal device: The prefabricated particles are calcined in a tunnel kiln. The tunnel kiln is internally provided with a preheating zone, a calcination zone, and a cooling zone, and the materials sequentially pass through the preheating zone, the calcination zone, and the gradient cooling zone; S6: Screening: The cooled particles are vibration-screened to obtain finished basalt aggregates with a particle size distribution of 5 - 20 mm. S7: Flue gas treatment at the kiln tail: The kiln tail flue gas generated in the calcination zone is subjected to cyclone dust removal and alkali liquor spray desulfurization before being discharged up to the standard.

[0044] Among them, in the calcination zone in step S5 above, there are three temperature gradients for heating. By setting three independent temperature controls: divided into a low-temperature section, a medium-temperature section, and a high-temperature section, different calcination temperatures are used to specifically remove different types of impurities. Specifically, in the low-temperature section (400 - 600 °C): only cyanides and organic substances are decomposed, the particles remain loose, and the porosity increases; in the medium-temperature section (800 - 1000 °C): a preliminary surface glass phase is formed, and the bonded fine powder forms small particles but is not completely melted; in the high-temperature section (1250 - 1350 °C): the surface is melted, and low-melting-point components (FeS2, CaCO3) are melted to form a glass phase, which wraps the particle surface. Preferably, there are also some high-melting-point components in the cyanide tailings, such as SiO2 and Al2O3, which do not need to be completely melted to utilize them to maintain the particle skeleton structure and reduce energy consumption at the same time.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] As Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 9 shown, on the basis of Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: Preferably, the driving component includes an installation groove 16 opened at the top of the base 1. A driving motor 17 is fixedly connected inside the installation groove 16. A fixing plate 18 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the installation groove 16. A driving shaft 19 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixing plate 18. The bottom of the driving shaft 19 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 17. The top of the driving shaft 19 extends above the fixing plate 18. A flat key is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft 19. A transfer shaft 20 is slidably connected to the part of the driving shaft 19 with the flat key. A slot 23 is opened at the top of the transfer shaft 20. A key shaft 24 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission shaft 13. The key shaft 24 and the slot 23 are used in a plug-in fit. A washer 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the transfer shaft 20. A first spring 25 is sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft 19 between the washer 21 and the fixing plate 18. An electromagnet 26 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate 18. An iron ring 22 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the washer 21.

[0047] During the material distribution process, it is necessary to control each tray 9 to revolve to the top position for receiving the material. In the above scheme, it is necessary to rely on the kiln car 4 to move through the transmission rack 15 and the transmission gear 14 to realize the rotation of the tray 9. However, the kiln car 4 should be kept stationary as much as possible during the material distribution process to avoid the material spilling during the material distribution. In addition, it is difficult to accurately determine the position of the tray 9 using the above method, so the tray 9 cannot be accurately stopped at the top position to receive the material. In addition, the driving component must be able to detach from the kiln car 4 when the kiln car 4 leaves the material distribution area to avoid the driving component entering the kiln and conflicting with the transmission gear 14 and the transmission rack 15 structure of the above design. In this embodiment, the electromagnet 26 is initially energized, generating magnetic force and adsorbing the iron ring 22, so that the washer 21 and the adapter shaft 20 both move downward and squeeze the first spring 25, and the adapter shaft 20 and the key shaft 24 do not contact each other; when it is necessary to distribute the material, the kiln car 4 is controlled to move to the drive shaft 19 and the transmission shaft 13 coaxially, and the electromagnet 26 is controlled to be powered off, so that the first spring 25 rebounds and pushes the adapter shaft 20 upward and conflicts with the key shaft 24. When the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match in direction, the key shaft 24 contacts the end of the adapter shaft 20, but the first spring 25 still has potential energy, and when the directions of the two are exactly opposite, the key shaft 24 is inserted into the slot 23. Regardless of whether they are exactly opposite, the drive motor 17 can be directly controlled to work to drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate; By controlling the driving motor 17 to work, the driving shaft 19 is driven to rotate, and the flat key and the groove on the adapter shaft 20 are matched to make the adapter shaft 20 rotate. When the directions of the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match, the docking can be completed when the directions of the two are just right (the key shaft 24 pops into the slot 23), thereby driving the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the tray 9 can be kept in the state of always facing upwards to revolve; After the material distribution is completed, the electromagnet 26 is energized to attract the iron ring 22 and drive the transfer shaft 20 to move until the slot 23 is separated from the key shaft 24, and the kiln car 4 can move normally, and the driving components no longer affect the rotation of the transmission shaft 13.

[0048] like Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, preferably, the control component includes a carriage 35, which is symmetrically and fixedly connected between the bottoms of three intermediate bins 33. Slide rods 36 are fixedly connected between the inner sides of the carriage 35. Sliders 37 are slidably connected to the outer sides of the slide rods 36. A baffle 39 is fixedly connected between the closer sides of the two sliders 37. The baffle 39 is in contact with the bottom of the intermediate bin 33. Second springs 38 are sleeved on the outer sides of the slide rods 36. A locking ring 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle 39. A second protective cover 34 is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the left intermediate bin 33. An installation plate 40 is fixedly connected between the inner side of the second protective cover 34 and the intermediate bin 33. An electric push rod 42 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation plate 40. The movable end of the electric push rod 42 extends above the installation plate 40 and is fixedly connected to a linkage frame 43. A spring bolt structure 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation plate 40. One end of the bolt in the spring bolt structure 44 is fixedly connected to a wedge block 45, and the other end is fixedly connected to a linkage rod 46. The top end of the linkage rod 46 penetrates through the installation plate 40 and the linkage frame 43 and is fixedly connected to a support plate 47. The linkage rod 46 is slidably connected to both the installation plate 40 and the linkage frame 43. One side of the slider 37 is fixedly connected to a force-bearing frame 48. A number of rollers 49 are rotatably connected to one side of the force-bearing frame 48.

[0049] Referring to Figures 12 - 17 , in the figure, the intermediate bin 33 moves from left to right, while the tray 9 remains fixed throughout the process. The leftmost one in the figure is the large-particle intermediate bin 33, the right one is the small-particle intermediate bin 33, and the middle one is the medium-particle intermediate bin 33. During the cloth-feeding process, the cloth-feeding bin 31 is controlled to move from left to right for cloth-feeding. Before the intermediate bin 33 moves to contact the tray 9, the wedge block 45 and the locking ring 41 do not contact. During the cloth-feeding process, the intermediate bins 33 for particles from small to large are opened in sequence and cloth-fed simultaneously. Due to the special wavy design of the tray 9, the particles laid in the bottom layer will not scatter, so it can ensure that the particles can be arranged layer by layer in the tray 9. When the intermediate bin 33 moves until the roller 49 contacts the tray 9 (as Figure 12 shown, the state when the roller 49 just contacts the tray 9 is shown), as the intermediate bin 33 continues to move, it will push the force-bearing frame 48 to move in the reverse direction through the roller 49, drive the slider 37 to move and compress the second spring 38, and at the same time drive the baffle 39 to move. When the corresponding intermediate bin 33 moves above the tray 9, the baffle 39 will correspondingly release the blocking state of the intermediate bin 33. Among them, the force-bearing frame 48 is connected to the baffle 39, and its movement track is an oblique line. When the bottoms of all three intermediate bins 33 are opened, the roller 49 and the force-bearing frame 48 are above the tray 9. As the three transfer bins 33 move to the top of the tray 9 in sequence, the baffles 39 also release the blockage of the corresponding transfer bins 33 in sequence. When the lock ring 41 moves to contact the wedge block 45, the baffle 39 moves and pushes the wedge block 45 to move through the inclined surface. The latch in the spring latch structure 44 is correspondingly retracted into the shell until the wedge block 45 faces the inside of the lock ring 41. At this time, the wedge block 45 pops out. Based on the internal space margin of the lock ring 41, the baffle 39 can still be pushed, but it is blocked by the lock ring 41 and cannot be completely reset, thereby maintaining the open state of the baffle 39. This process is used for material laying; in, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the roller 49 just contacts the tray 9. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle 39 releasing the blocking state of the small particle transfer silo 33. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle 39 releasing the blocking state of the medium particle transfer silo 33. Figure 15 The schematic diagram is a diagram showing that the baffle 39 releases all transfer bins 33. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer bin 33 moving to the middle of the tray 9. Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the fabric state that is about to be completed.

[0050] After the material is distributed, the transfer bin 33 (along with the material distribution bin 31) is controlled to reset, the wedge block 45 is in a state of being inserted into the locking ring 41, and the second spring 38 is in a compressed state. By controlling the electric push rod 42 to work, the linkage frame 43 is pushed upward, and the support plate 47 is lifted upward, driving the linkage rod 46 to move upward, and pulling the pin in the spring latch structure 44 upward, thereby driving the wedge block 45 to move upward until it leaves the locking ring 41, so that the baffle 39 can be pushed out along with the rebound process of the second spring 38 until the bottom of the three transfer bins 33 is completely blocked, and the reset is achieved, and the next round of material replenishment can be carried out (the material distribution bin 31 supplies material to the transfer bin 33).

[0051] Example 3

[0052] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of Example 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the inlet and outlet parts of the tunnel kiln body 2 are fixedly connected with a partition chamber 3, the interior of the partition chamber 3 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 50, the bottom of the mounting seat 50 is rotatably connected with a blocking block 51, one side of the blocking block 51 has an opening 52, the top of the partition chamber 3 is fixedly connected with a switching motor 53, the central axis of the blocking block 51 extends to the top of the partition chamber 3 and is connected to the output end of the switching motor 53 through a reducer transmission.

[0053] Since the tunnel kiln entrance and exit need to frequently send in or send out the kiln car 4, the heat loss in the kiln is serious, resulting in energy waste; By setting up a separation bin 3 for the transfer when the kiln car 4 enters and exits, and a blocking block 51 similar to the structure of a revolving door is set. The side wall of the blocking block 51 has an opening 52, and the tunnel kiln body 2 is not directly connected to the external environment, thereby reducing heat loss. Specifically, by controlling the operation of the switching motor 53, the side of the blocking block 51 with the opening 52 is driven to face the direction (rear) where the kiln car 4 is approaching. The kiln car 4 can then drive into the inside of the opening 52. During the process of the kiln car 4 moving inside the opening 52, control the operation of the switching motor 53 to drive the blocking block 51 to rotate 180° relative to the above state, and the opening 52 rotates to the direction of the kiln car 4's travel (front), so that the kiln car 4 can smoothly pass through the blocking block 51. The structural design of the blocking block 51 can block the discharge of hot air, thereby reducing energy waste. The operation when driving out is the same as above. First, the kiln car 4 drives into the inside of the opening 52 when the opening 52 faces the rear, and then rotate the blocking block 51 so that the opening 52 faces the front to make the kiln car 4 drive out.

[0054] As Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 10 shown, preferably, a gantry 59 is fixedly connected to the side of the separation bin 3 away from the tunnel kiln. An elevating heat-insulating door 54 is arranged inside the gantry 59. At the top position on the side of the heat-insulating door 54 close to the tunnel kiln body 2, an upper pressing plate 58 is fixedly connected. A sealing strip 57 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper pressing plate 58. Cylinders 55 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the gantry 59. The piston rod of the cylinder 55 is fixedly connected to a side pressing plate 56. A sealing strip 57 is fixedly connected to the side of the side pressing plate 56 away from the cylinder 55.

[0055] In the above structure, the blocking block 51 needs to rotate so that the kiln car 4 can pass through smoothly. However, since the above structure cannot pass through the track, that is, the blocking block 51 does not cover the track, but leaves a space at the bottom. By additionally setting an elevating heat-insulating door 54, it is possible to control the heat-insulating door 54 to close when there is no need for feeding and discharging. In the closed state, the upper pressing plate 58 presses the upper sealing strip 57 and seals the gap between the heat-insulating door 54 and the upper part of the gantry 59. At the same time, when the heat-insulating door 54 is in the closed state, control the operation of the cylinder 55 to push the side pressing plate 56 to move, and drive the sealing strips 57 on both sides to squeeze the gaps between the heat-insulating door 54 and both sides of the gantry 59, thereby avoiding heat dissipation. And the sealing strips 57 are all arranged outside, so they are less affected by temperature.

[0056] Preferably, when the site allows during the actual operation process, the length of the partition bin 3 can be increased to extend the transfer time of the kiln car 4. When the kiln car 4 enters, it can enter in batches, that is, the kiln car 4 is fed in batches and quickly with the heat insulation door 54 open. The kiln car 4 stays in the partition bin 3 and slowly enters the inside of the tunnel kiln body 2, and the heat insulation door 54 is closed after each batch of kiln cars 4 enters. It is equivalent to continuously driving the kiln car 4 into the tunnel kiln body 2 by the partition bin 3, so as to reduce heat loss.

[0057] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, preferably, a first protective cover 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc 8 away from the tray 9. A through groove for the hollow shaft 6 to pass through is opened at the middle position of the first protective cover 12, and a protective cover is also provided on the side of the side frame 5 close to the transmission shaft 13.

[0058] Reduce the influence of spilled particulate impurities on the transmission structure, and at the same time reduce the influence of heat on the transmission structure, and protect the gears in the first protective cover 12.

[0059] Referring to Figures 1 - 17 , the working principle of the conveying system and the track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings will be specifically described below.

[0060] Cloth preparation revolution: Control the kiln car 4 to move to directly below the cloth rack 29, so that the driving shaft 19 and the transmission shaft 13 are coaxial. By controlling the electromagnet 26 to cut off the power, the first spring 25 rebounds and pushes the adapter shaft 20 upward to abut against the key shaft 24. When the directions of the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match, the key shaft 24 contacts the end of the adapter shaft 20, but the first spring 25 still has potential energy. When their directions are exactly opposite, the key shaft 24 is inserted into the slot 23. By controlling the driving motor 17 to work, drive the driving shaft 19 to rotate, and make the adapter shaft 20 rotate through the cooperation of the flat key and the slot on the adapter shaft 20. In the case where the directions of the above slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match, when rotating to the point where their directions are exactly opposite, the docking can be completed (the key shaft 24 springs into the slot 23), so as to drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the tray 9 can revolve while keeping the state of always facing upward. In this process, ensure that when one of the trays 9 rotates to the uppermost position, control the driving motor 17 to stop working, wait for cloth feeding until the cloth feeding is completed, and continue to control the driving motor 17 to work after the cloth bin 31 is reset, so that the next tray 9 moves to the above cloth feeding position, and cycle the operation until all trays 9 have completed cloth feeding; Cloth feeding process: Open the electric valve to fill the transfer bin 33 and then close the electric valve. Control the double-axis moving module 30 to work, so that the cloth bin 31 moves along the tray 9 from left to right. Referring to Figures 12 - 17It shows the material state in the cloth-feeding process. During the cloth-feeding process, cloth is fed by controlling the movement of the cloth bin 31 from left to right. Before the transfer bin 33 moves to contact the tray 9, the wedge block 45 does not contact the locking ring 41. In the cloth-feeding process, the transfer bin 33 with particles from small to large is opened in sequence and cloth is fed simultaneously. Due to the special wavy design of the tray 9, the particles laid in the bottom layer will not scatter, so it can ensure that the particles are arranged layer by layer in the tray 9 until the tray 9 is fully filled with materials; after being fully filled (the transfer bin 33 moves completely from the left side to the right side of the tray 9, and the materials in the transfer bin 33 also completely fall into the tray 9), control the transfer bin 33 to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position. At this time, control the bottom of the transfer bin 33 to close again through the control component, and open the electric valve to make the cloth bin 31 replenish materials for the transfer bin 33. At the same time, control the tray 9 to rotate around its axis until the next empty tray 9 is at the top of its movement trajectory waiting for the next cloth-feeding; Feeding process: By controlling the switching motor 53 to work, drive the side of the plugging block 51 with the opening 52 to face the direction in which the kiln car 4 is coming (facing the rear). Then the kiln car 4 can drive into the opening 52. During the process of the kiln car 4 moving inside the opening 52, control the switching motor 53 to work, drive the plugging block 51 to rotate 180° relative to the above state, and the opening 52 rotates to the direction in which the kiln car 4 is moving (facing the front), so that the kiln car 4 can pass through the plugging block 51 smoothly. The structural design of the plugging block 51 can prevent the discharge of hot air, thus reducing energy waste; the operation when driving out is the same as above. First, drive the kiln car 4 into the opening 52 when the opening 52 faces the rear, and then rotate the plugging block 51 so that the opening 52 faces the front to drive the kiln car 4 out; Calcination process: During the forward movement of the kiln car 4, the transmission gear 14 moves along with the kiln car 4 (only linear movement without rotation). After the kiln car 4 enters the interior of the tunnel kiln body 2, the transmission gear 14 contacts the transmission rack 15, causing the two to mesh. Along with the linear movement of the transmission gear 14, it will rotate simultaneously, driving the transmission shaft 13 to rotate. At the same time, the main shaft 7 is driven to rotate through the meshing bevel gears, and then the transmission disc 8 is driven to rotate. The transmission disc 8 is provided with multiple gears that mesh with the central gear 11. As the transmission disc 8 rotates, the gears revolve around the central gear 11. The central gear 11 is fixedly connected to the side frame 5 through the hollow shaft 6. Therefore, during the above-mentioned revolution process, the gears meshing with the central gear 11 will rotate in the opposite direction, and drive the driven gear 10 to rotate through the transmission of the intermediate gear (the gear meshing with the driven gear 10). There are two meshing gears between the driven gear 10 and the central gear 11. Therefore, the rotation direction of the driven gear 10 is opposite to that of the transmission disc 8. By adjusting the size ratio of each gear, the rotational speed of the driven gear 10 is made the same as that of the transmission disc 8, so that during the rotation of the transmission disc 8, the tray 9 revolves and rotates in the opposite direction synchronously, always facing upwards. This enables the material to move along the track during the conveying process of the tray 9 and at the same time revolve around the main shaft 7. The movement mode of each tray 9 relative to the kiln car 4 is similar to the structure of a Ferris wheel. This movement, combined with the movement of the kiln car 4, generates a spiral-like travel route, thus ensuring the "turning" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, reducing the accumulation of waste gas during the sintering process and affecting emissions, and at the same time, based on the above-mentioned "static conveying", avoiding the friction between the materials and between the materials and the conveying system during the "turning" process.

[0061] The above has generally described the present invention in detail. However, based on the present invention, some modifications or improvements can be made, which are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the technical field. Therefore, modifications or improvements made without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, comprising a base (1), a tunnel kiln body (2) installed on the top of the base (1), tracks, a conveying system and a kiln car (4), wherein the tracks are fixedly installed on the top of the base (1); it is characterized in that, Also includes: A material distribution frame (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a double-axis movable module (30) is fixedly installed on the top of the material distribution frame (29), a movable end of the double-axis movable module (30) is fixedly connected to a material distribution bin (31), the material distribution bin (31) comprises three chambers (32) respectively used to hold cyanide tailing particles of different sizes, and an electric valve is provided at the bottom of each chamber (32) of the material distribution bin (31), a side frame (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car (4), and a plurality of trays (9) for loading cyanide tailing particles are provided on the inner side of the side frame (5); The bottom of the material distribution bin (31) is fixedly connected to three transfer bins (33) corresponding to the chambers (32) one by one, and the sum of the volumes of all the transfer bins (33) is less than the volume of the tray (9); the transfer bins (33) are all arranged as curved structures, and a control component is arranged at the bottom of the transfer bin (33), and the control component is used to control the unloading of materials from the bottom of the transfer bin (33); the bottoms of the three transfer bins (33) are all arranged in an inclined manner and are in the same straight line.

2. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying system comprises two hollow shafts (6) symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame (5), the adjacent sides of the two hollow shafts (6) are fixedly connected to the central gear (11), the two sides of the side frame (5) are rotatably connected to the main shaft (7), the adjacent ends of the main shaft (7) pass through the hollow shaft (6) and the central gear (11) and are fixedly connected to the transmission plate (8), the tray (9) is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two transmission plates (8), the two ends of the central shaft of the tray (9) extend to the other side of the transmission plate (8) and are fixedly connected to the driven gear (10), the central gear (11) and the driven gear (10) are fixedly connected to the driven gear (10), and the driven gear (10) is fixedly connected to the driven gear (10). Each driven gear (10) is connected to each other through two mutually meshing gears; the top of the kiln car (4) is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft (13); a driving component for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft (13) is provided on the top of the base (1); the top of the transmission shaft (13) is connected to one of the main shafts (7) through mutually meshing bevel gears; the bottom end of the transmission shaft (13) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (14); the top of the base (1) and located inside the tunnel kiln body (2) is fixedly connected to a transmission rack (15); the transmission rack (15) and the transmission gear (14) are meshed when in contact.

3. The orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanidation tailings according to claim 2, wherein: The driving component includes an installation groove (16) formed in the top of the base (1). A driving motor (17) is fixedly connected inside the installation groove (16). A fixing plate (18) is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the installation groove (16). The bottom of the fixing plate (18) is rotatably connected with a driving shaft (19). The bottom of the driving shaft (19) is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (17). The top of the driving shaft (19) extends above the fixing plate (18). A flat key is arranged on the outer wall of the driving shaft (19). A transfer shaft (20) is slidably connected to the part of the driving shaft (19) with the flat key. A slot (23) is formed in the top of the transfer shaft (20). A key shaft (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission shaft (13). The key shaft (24) and the slot (23) are used in a plug-in fit. A washer (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the transfer shaft (20). A first spring (25) is sleeved on the outside of the driving shaft (19) between the washer (21) and the fixing plate (18). An electromagnet (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate (18). An iron ring (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the washer (21).

4. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control component includes a sliding frame (35). The sliding frame (35) is symmetrically and fixedly connected between the bottoms of three intermediate bins (33). Slide rods (36) are fixedly connected between the inner sides of the sliding frame (35). Sliders (37) are slidably connected to the outside of the slide rods (36). A baffle (39) is fixedly connected between the closer sides of the two sliders (37). The baffle (39) is in contact with the bottom of the intermediate bin (33). Second springs (38) are sleeved on the outside of the slide rods (36). A locking ring (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle (39). A second protective cover (34) is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the left intermediate bin (33). An installation plate (40) is fixedly connected between the inside of the second protective cover (34) and the intermediate bin (33). An electric push rod (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the installation plate (40). The movable end of the electric push rod (42) extends above the installation plate (40) and is fixedly connected with a linkage frame (43). A spring latch structure (44) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the installation plate (40). One end of the latch in the spring latch structure (44) is fixedly connected with a wedge block (45), and the other end is fixedly connected with a linkage rod (46). The top end of the linkage rod (46) penetrates through the installation plate (40) and the linkage frame (43) and is fixedly connected with a support plate (47). The linkage rod (46) is slidably connected with both the installation plate (40) and the linkage frame (43). A force-bearing frame (48) is fixedly connected to one side of the slider (37). A number of rollers (49) are rotatably connected to one side of the force-bearing frame (48).

5. The orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the inlet and outlet parts of the tunnel kiln body (2) are fixedly connected with partition bins (3). An installation seat (50) is fixedly connected inside the partition bin (3). A sealing block (51) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the installation seat (50). An opening (52) is formed on one side of the sealing block (51). A switching motor (53) is fixedly connected to the top of the partition bin (3). The central axis of the sealing block (51) extends above the partition bin (3) and is in transmission connection with the output end of the switching motor (53) through a speed reducer.

6. The orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that: A gantry (59) is fixedly connected to the side of the partition bin (3) away from the tunnel kiln. A liftable heat-insulating door (54) is arranged inside the gantry (59). An upper pressing plate (58) is fixedly connected to the top position on the side of the heat-insulating door (54) close to the tunnel kiln body (2). A sealing strip (57) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper pressing plate (58). Cylinders (55) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to both sides of the gantry (59). A side pressing plate (56) is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the cylinder (55). A sealing strip (57) is fixedly connected to the side of the side pressing plate (56) away from the cylinder (55).

7. The orbital kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (28) are equidistantly formed at the bottom of the tray (9). The bottom of the tray (9) is a corrugated plate (27) with a corrugated shape. The wave crest line of the corrugated shape at the bottom of the tray (9) forms an angle of 70° to 85° with the main shaft (7).

8. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first protective cover (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc (8) away from the tray (9). A through groove for the hollow shaft (6) to pass through is formed at the middle position of the first protective cover (12).

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