A track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings

Abstract

The present invention discloses a track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, which relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization technology. The kiln comprises a base, a track and a kiln car. The track is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and the kiln car has a self-propelled structure inside, which can travel along the track. The kiln car also comprises a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car, and the inner side of the side frame is symmetrically fixedly connected with a hollow shaft, and the sides of the two hollow shafts close to each other are fixedly connected to the central gear. The present invention transports raw materials by setting up a tunnel kiln. During the transportation process, the raw materials are placed in a tray, and the materials move statically with the kiln car. There is no relative rolling between the particles. There is no large friction between the raw materials and between the raw materials and the conveying system, which reduces the particle shape damage caused by friction and avoids the problem that the irregular structure of the raw materials caused by mutual friction between the raw materials is broken or flattened, thereby failing to retain the irregular shape and affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and in particular to a track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanidation tailings. Background Art

[0002] Cyanide tailings are solid wastes containing cyanide, sulfur and heavy metals (such as arsenic and lead) produced in the cyanide gold extraction process of gold smelting. They have complex composition and poor stability, and long-term storage can easily cause environmental risks. Basalt aggregates are high-strength, low-water-absorption granular materials made from natural basalt or artificial synthesis. Due to their excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, they are widely used in engineering fields such as roads and bridges.

[0003] The free cyanide in cyanide tailings is highly toxic. When it comes into contact with water, it can form complexes and migrate into the soil and groundwater. The long-term leaching of heavy metals (such as arsenic and lead) can cause chronic poisoning. High-temperature calcination can achieve oxidative decomposition of cyanide, stabilization of heavy metals (forming spinel structure), and reconstruction of the aluminosilicate mineral phase to form basalt-like aggregates.

[0004] The current mainstream preparation technologies are: mechanical crushing method: directly crushing the waste slag, but due to the uneven hardness of the raw materials and concentrated crushing stress, the particles have too many edges and corners or are powdered, and it is unable to process cyanide-containing tailings; high-temperature sintering method: using a rotary kiln or a vertical kiln for calcination, but the uneven temperature in the kiln and the excessive molten phase cause the particles to stick together or the surface to be smoothed, reducing the bond strength of the aggregate-concrete interface; non-burning curing method: using cement or resin to bond the particles, due to the poor compatibility between the cementitious material and the tailings interface, micro cracks are easily generated, and the long-term durability is insufficient.

[0005] In response to some of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned equipment, the existing technology uses kiln calcination for preparation and processing. However, in traditional rotary kilns and vertical kilns, the particles roll and rub against the kiln body in the low-temperature section, and the raw material particles are broken or melted and deformed during high-temperature calcination, and the edges and corners are severely worn. As a result, the aggregate is smooth in appearance and has no irregular edges and corners (ground off or flattened). The irregular shape cannot be retained, which affects the aggregate grading and mechanical properties, and thus affects its binding ability when used as a filler. Improvement is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanidation tailings, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0008] A track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings comprises a base, a tunnel kiln body mounted on the top of the base, a track, a conveying system and a kiln car, wherein the track is fixedly mounted on the top of the base; the kiln also comprises: a distribution rack fixedly connected to the top of the base, a biaxial movable module fixedly mounted on the top of the distribution rack, a distribution bin fixedly connected to the movable end of the biaxial movable module, the distribution bin comprising three chambers for respectively holding cyanide tailings particles of different sizes, an electric valve provided at the bottom of each chamber, a side frame fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car, a plurality of trays for loading cyanide tailings particles provided on the inner side of the side frame; three transfer silos corresponding to the chambers are fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution bin, the sum of the volumes of all the transfer silos being less than the volume of the trays; the transfer silos are all arranged as curved structures, and a control component is provided at the bottom of the transfer silos for controlling the unloading of materials from the bottom of the transfer silos; the bottoms of the three transfer silos are all arranged at an inclination and are located in the same straight line.

[0009] The above technical solution is adopted, and the three kinds of particles of different sizes are placed in the three chambers of the distribution bin respectively. During the distribution process, the electric valve is opened and the dual-axis moving module is controlled to work, so that the distribution bin moves from left to right along the pallet, and the material in the transfer bin is spread on the pallet until the pallet is full of material; after it is full (the transfer bin is completely moved from the left side to the right side of the pallet, and the material in the transfer bin is also completely dropped into the pallet), the transfer bin is controlled to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position. At this time, the bottom of the transfer bin is controlled to close again through the control component, and the electric valve is opened to allow the distribution bin to replenish the transfer bin. At the same time, the pallet is controlled to revolve until the next empty pallet is at the top of its motion trajectory waiting for the next distribution; the distribution bin moves from left to right with the dual-axis moving module, and also slightly shakes back and forth in the front and back directions to assist in unloading and prevent the granular material from being stuck in the arc channel of the transfer bin.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the conveying system includes two hollow shafts symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame, the adjacent sides of the two hollow shafts are fixedly connected to the central gear, and the two sides of the side frame are rotatably connected with the main shaft, the adjacent ends of the main shaft pass through the hollow shaft and the central gear and are fixedly connected with the transmission plate, the tray is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two transmission plates, both ends of the central shaft of the tray extend to the other side of the transmission plate and are fixedly connected with a driven gear, and the central gear and each driven gear are connected by two mutually meshing gears; the top of the kiln car is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft, and the top of the base is provided with a driving component for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft, and the top of the transmission shaft is connected to one of the main shafts by a mutually meshing bevel gear transmission; the bottom end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the transmission gear, and the top of the base and located inside the tunnel kiln body is fixedly connected to a transmission rack, and the transmission rack and the transmission gear are meshed when in contact.

[0011] The above technical solution is adopted to transport raw materials by setting up a tunnel kiln. During the transportation process, the raw materials are placed in trays and move statically with the kiln car (only the whole material moves, and there is no relative rolling between the particles). There is no significant friction between the raw materials and between the raw materials and the conveying system, which reduces the particle shape damage caused by friction and avoids the problem that the irregular external structure of the raw materials caused by friction between the raw materials is broken or flattened, thereby preventing the irregular shape from being retained and affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate.

[0012] Through the above design, the material can move along the track during the pallet transportation process and revolve around the main axis at the same time. The movement of each pallet relative to the kiln car is similar to the structure of a Ferris wheel. This movement combined with the movement of the kiln car produces a spiral-shaped movement route, thereby ensuring the "turning" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, and reducing the impact of waste gas accumulation on emissions during the sintering process. At the same time, based on the above-mentioned "static transportation", friction between the materials and between the materials and the transportation system during the "turning" process is avoided.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the driving component includes a mounting groove opened at the top of the base, the interior of the mounting groove is fixedly connected to the driving motor, a fixing plate is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the mounting groove, the bottom of the fixing plate is rotatably connected to the driving shaft, the bottom of the driving shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor, the top of the driving shaft extends to the top of the fixing plate, the outer wall of the driving shaft is provided with a flat key, the part of the driving shaft with the flat key is slidably connected to the adapter shaft, a slot is opened at the top of the adapter shaft, the bottom of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the key shaft, the key shaft and the slot are used by plugging, the bottom of the outer wall of the adapter shaft is fixedly connected to a washer, the outside of the driving shaft is located between the washer and the fixing plate with a first spring, the top of the fixing plate is fixedly connected to an electromagnet, and the outer wall of the washer is fixedly connected to an iron ring.

[0014] With the above technical solution, the electromagnet is initially energized, generating magnetic force and attracting the iron ring, causing the washer and the adapter shaft to move downward and squeeze the first spring, so that the adapter shaft and the key shaft do not contact each other; when material distribution is required, the kiln car is controlled to move until the drive shaft and the transmission shaft are coaxial, and the electromagnet is controlled to be de-energized, so that the first spring rebounds and pushes the adapter shaft upward and conflicts with the key shaft. When the directions of the slot and the key shaft do not match, the key shaft contacts the end of the adapter shaft, but the first spring still has potential energy. When the directions of the two are exactly opposite, the key shaft is inserted into the slot. Regardless of whether they are exactly opposite or not, material distribution can be directly carried out by controlling the drive motor.

[0015] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that the control component includes a slide, the slide is symmetrically fixedly connected between the bottoms of the three transfer silos, the inner sides of the slides are fixedly connected to slide bars, the outer sides of the slide bars are slidably connected to sliders, a baffle is fixedly connected between the sides where the two sliders are close to each other, the baffle is in contact with the bottom of the transfer silo, and the outer sides of the slide bars are sleeved with a second spring; a locking ring is fixedly connected to the top of the baffle, and a second protective cover is fixedly connected to the left side wall of the transfer silo on the left, and the inner side of the second protective cover is in contact with the transfer silo. A mounting plate is fixedly connected between the mounting plate, an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, a movable end of the electric push rod extends to the top of the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the linkage frame, a spring latch structure is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting plate, one end of the latch in the spring latch structure is fixedly connected to a wedge, and the other end is fixedly connected to a linkage rod, the top of the linkage rod passes through the mounting plate and the linkage frame and is fixedly connected to a supporting plate, the linkage rod is slidably connected to the mounting plate and the linkage frame; one side of the slider is fixedly connected to the force frame, and one side of the force frame is rotatably connected to a number of rollers.

[0016] With the above technical solution, when the transfer bin moves until the roller contacts the pallet (as shown in the figure, which shows the state when the roller just contacts the pallet), as the transfer bin continues to move, the roller will push the force frame in the opposite direction to move, drive the slider to move and squeeze the second spring, and at the same time drive the baffle to move. When the corresponding transfer bin moves to above the pallet, the baffle will correspondingly release the blocking state of the transfer bin, so that the particles in the transfer bin can fall into the pallet to achieve distribution.

[0017] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the inlet and outlet parts of the tunnel kiln body are fixedly connected with a partition chamber, the interior of the partition chamber is fixedly connected with a mounting seat, the bottom of the mounting seat is rotatably connected with a blocking block, one side of the blocking block has an opening, the top of the partition chamber is fixedly connected with a switching motor, the central axis of the blocking block extends to the top of the partition chamber and is connected to the output end of the switching motor through a reducer.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, a partition chamber is set up for transfer when the kiln car enters and exits, and a blocking block with a revolving door structure is set up. By controlling the switching motor to work, the side of the blocking block with the opening is driven to face the direction of the kiln car, and the kiln car can enter the opening. When the kiln car moves in the opening, the switching motor is controlled to work, driving the blocking block to rotate 180° relative to the above state. The opening direction is the direction of travel of the kiln car, so that the kiln car can pass through the blocking block smoothly, but the discharge of hot air is blocked, thereby reducing energy waste.

[0019] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a door frame is fixedly connected to the side of the partition chamber away from the tunnel kiln, a liftable insulation door is provided on the inner side of the door frame, an upper pressure plate is fixedly connected to the top position of the insulation door close to the tunnel kiln body, a sealing strip is fixedly connected to the bottom of the upper pressure plate, cylinders are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the door frame, the piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a side pressure plate, and a sealing strip is fixedly connected to the side pressure plate away from the cylinder.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, a liftable heat insulation door is additionally provided, so that the heat insulation door can be controlled to be closed when no material is needed for loading and unloading. In the closed state, the upper pressure plate applies pressure to the upper sealing strip and seals the gap between the heat insulation door and the door frame. At the same time, when the heat insulation door is closed, the cylinder is controlled to work, pushing the side pressure plates to move, and driving the sealing strips on both sides to squeeze the gap between the heat insulation door and the door frame, thereby avoiding heat loss. The sealing strips are all arranged on the outside and are therefore less affected by temperature.

[0021] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a plurality of through holes are opened at equal intervals on the bottom of the tray, the bottom of the tray is set as a corrugated plate with a corrugated shape, and the crest line of the corrugated shape on the bottom of the tray forms an angle of 70° to 85° with the main axis.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the tray is set as a corrugated plate with a corrugated shape, so as to improve the pressure bearing capacity of the bottom of the tray, thereby reducing the required thickness of the bottom of the tray, thereby improving the heat conduction effect; at the same time, after the corrugated shape is fully covered, more particles can contact the bottom of the tray, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency; the extension direction of the corrugation is consistent with the spiral movement direction of the tray, thereby promoting the hot air flow to form a spiral upward trajectory in the same direction, thereby extending the heat exchange time.

[0023] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that a first protective cover is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc away from the tray, and a through slot for the hollow shaft to pass through is provided in the middle of the first protective cover.

[0024] The above technical solution is adopted to reduce the impact of spilled particulate impurities on the transmission structure, and at the same time reduce the impact of heat on the transmission structure.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following technical advancements compared to the prior art:

[0026] 1. The present invention transports raw materials by setting up a tunnel kiln. During the transportation process, the raw materials are placed in trays and move statically with the kiln car (only the whole material moves, and there is no relative rolling between the particles). There is no large friction between the raw materials and the transportation system, which reduces the particle shape damage caused by friction and avoids the problem that the irregular external structure of the raw materials caused by friction between the raw materials is broken or flattened, thereby preventing the irregular shape from being retained and affecting the mechanical properties of the aggregate.

[0027] 2. The present invention improves the pressure-bearing capacity of the tray bottom by setting the bottom of the tray into a corrugated plate with a corrugated shape, thereby reducing the required thickness of the tray bottom and improving the heat conduction effect; at the same time, after the corrugated shape is fully covered, more particles can contact the bottom of the tray, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency; the extension direction of the corrugation is consistent with the spiral movement direction of the tray, thereby promoting the hot air flow to form a spiral upward trajectory in the same direction, thereby extending the heat exchange time.

[0028] 3. The present invention places the three different sizes of particles in the three chambers of the material distribution bin respectively. During the material distribution process, the electric valve is opened and the dual-axis moving module is controlled to work, so that the material distribution bin vibrates back and forth in the same direction as the track and performs linear motion in the direction perpendicular to the track at the same time until the material fills the pallet.

[0029] 4. The present invention sets up a transfer silo to measure the amount of particles distributed each time, and sets the transfer silo into a curved structure so that the particles can slide smoothly downward along the curved surface inside the transfer silo, avoiding the problem of excessive impact caused by particles falling vertically downward, thereby damaging the integrity of the particles.

[0030] 5. The present invention provides a partition chamber for transfer when the kiln car enters and exits, and provides a blocking block with a revolving door structure. By controlling the switching motor to work, the side of the blocking block with the opening is driven to face the direction of the kiln car, and the kiln car can enter the opening. When the kiln car moves in the opening, the switching motor is controlled to work, driving the blocking block to rotate 180° relative to the above state. The opening direction is the direction of travel of the kiln car, so that the kiln car can pass through the blocking block smoothly, but the discharge of hot air is blocked, thereby reducing energy waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention as a whole;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the split structure of the partition compartment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation structure of the material distribution rack of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a kiln car according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the tray of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the material distribution bin of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving component of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0042] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the roller just touching the tray;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle releasing the blockage of the small particle transfer silo;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle releasing the blockage of the medium particle transfer silo;

[0046] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the baffle releasing all transfer silo states;

[0047] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer bin moving to the middle of the pallet;

[0048] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the fabric state that is about to be completed.

[0049] Figure: 1, base; 2, tunnel kiln body; 3, partition chamber; 4, kiln car; 5, side frame; 6, hollow shaft; 7, main shaft; 8, transmission plate; 9, tray; 10, driven gear; 11, center gear; 12, first protective cover; 13, transmission shaft; 14, transmission gear; 15, transmission rack; 16, mounting slot; 17, drive motor; 18, fixing plate; 19, drive shaft; 20, adapter shaft; 21, washer; 22, iron ring; 23, slot; 24, key shaft; 25, first spring; 26, electromagnet; 27, corrugated plate; 28, through hole; 29, material distribution frame; 30, dual-axis shift Dynamic mold assembly; 31. Material distribution bin; 32. Chamber; 33. Transfer bin; 34. Second protective cover; 35. Slide; 36. Slide rod; 37. Sliding block; 38. Second spring; 39. Baffle; 40. Mounting plate; 41. Locking ring; 42. Electric push rod; 43. Linkage frame; 44. Spring latch structure; 45. Wedge block; 46. Linkage rod; 47. Support plate; 48. Force frame; 49. Roller; 50. Mounting seat; 51. Blocking block; 52. Opening; 53. Switching motor; 54. Insulated door; 55. Cylinder; 56. Side pressure plate; 57. Sealing strip; 58. Upper pressure plate; 59. Door frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments:

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figures 1-17 As shown, the present invention provides a track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, comprising a base 1, a tunnel kiln body 2 mounted on the top of the base 1, a track, a conveying system, and a kiln car 4. The track is fixedly mounted on the top of the base 1, and the kiln car 4 has a self-propelled structure inside, which can be controlled by an external control device to drive itself and move along the track; the track passes through the tunnel kiln body 2; a distribution rack 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a biaxial movable module 30 is fixedly mounted on the top of the distribution rack 29, and a distribution bin 31 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the biaxial movable module 30. The distribution bin 31 includes three chambers 32, each for holding cyanide tailings particles of different sizes. The distribution bin 31 is provided with an electric valve at the bottom of each chamber 32. A driving component for controlling the rotation of a transmission shaft 13 is provided on the top of the base 1. When distributing materials, the driving component operates to drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, thereby moving the tray 9 through transmission, so that each tray 9 moves in turn to the top of its orbital trajectory and remains stationary to receive materials.

[0053] like Figure 5 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, preferably, three transfer silos 33 corresponding to the chambers 32 and interconnected are fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution silo 31, and the sum of the volumes of all the transfer silos 33 is less than the volume of the tray 9; the transfer silos 33 are all arranged as curved structures, and a control component is provided at the bottom of the transfer silo 33, which is used to control the unloading of materials from the bottom of the transfer silo 33; the bottoms of the three transfer silos 33 are all arranged at an angle and are in the same straight line.

[0054] Since the irregular shape of the particles needs to be maintained as much as possible, and the raw materials are not firmly bonded before calcination, the external integrity of the particles can be easily damaged by the gravity and mutual collision during the laying process.

[0055] The transfer bin 33 is provided to measure the amount of particles distributed each time, and the transfer bin 33 is configured as a curved structure so that the particles can slide smoothly downward along the curved surface inside the transfer bin 33, thereby avoiding the problem of excessive impact caused by the particles falling vertically downward, thereby damaging the integrity of the particles. When the control component controls the bottom of the transfer bin 33 to stop discharging, the electric valve can be opened to allow the material in the chamber 32 to fall into the transfer bin 33. When the transfer bin 33 is full of material, the electric valve can be controlled to close.

[0056] It should be noted that the capacity of the transfer bin 33 is pre-set, and the amount of particles of corresponding size that can be held in each transfer bin 33 can just be spread out in one layer on the tray 9. That is to say, by opening the electric valve to fill the transfer bin 33 and then closing the electric valve, the particles in the transfer bin 33 can just cover the tray 9. When distributing the materials, it is only necessary to coordinate and control the moving speed of the distribution bin 31 to ensure that the transfer bin 33 (moves synchronously with the distribution bin 31) moves from one side of the tray 9 to the other side, and at this time the particles inside it just fall out completely.

[0057] Since this solution uses a tunnel kiln to calcine particles, using a tunnel kiln for calcining particles inevitably brings new problems. The particles are placed in the tray 9, and the upper particles cover the lower particles, which will block heat transfer and smoke exhaust to a certain extent. Moreover, since this solution is proposed based on the background of reducing the friction between the particles, the particles cannot be turned over. It is necessary to improve the distribution method:

[0058] The three different sizes of particles are placed in the three chambers 32 of the distribution bin 31 respectively. During the distribution process, the electric valve is kept closed so that the particles in the distribution bin 31 cannot fall into the transfer bin 33. The dual-axis moving module 30 is controlled to work so that the distribution bin 31 moves from left to right along the tray 9 and spreads the materials in the transfer bin 33 in the tray 9 until the tray 9 is fully covered with materials. After the tray 9 is fully covered (the transfer bin 33 is completely moved from the left side to the right side of the tray 9, and the materials in the transfer bin 33 are also completely fallen into the tray 9), the transfer bin 33 is controlled to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position. At this time, the bottom of the transfer bin 33 is controlled to close again through the control component, and the electric valve is opened so that the distribution bin 31 replenishes the transfer bin 33. At the same time, the tray 9 is controlled to revolve until the next empty tray 9 is at the top of its movement trajectory and waits for the next distribution.

[0059] Preferably, the material distribution bin 31 moves from left to right along with the dual-axis movable module 30 while also slightly shaking back and forth in the front and back directions to assist in material distribution and prevent the granular materials from being stuck in the arc-shaped channel of the transfer bin 33.

[0060] like Figure 12-17 As shown, preferably, the bottoms of the three transfer silos 33 are arranged at an angle, and the transfer silo 33 with the lowest bottom is used to hold raw materials with the smallest particles, and the size of the particles held gradually increases as the height of the bottom of the transfer silo 33 increases. Correspondingly, the smallest particles will be laid out first during the laying process, and then medium-sized particles and large-sized particles will be laid out in sequence on the basis of the small particles, so that the size of the particles in the tray 9 gradually increases from bottom to top, and the gaps between the small-sized particles are smaller when they are laid flat. According to the arrangement of the particles in the tray 9, the gaps between the upper particles can be made larger, so that the heat radiation can more easily penetrate the large particles on the surface (the gaps between them) and act on the deep particles, thereby improving the calcination effect; on the other hand, during the transportation process, since the tray 9 needs to be constantly moving and there is an airway inside the tunnel kiln body 2 to exhaust the flue gas, laying the large particles at the top can reduce the problem of the particles being blown away by the airflow.

[0061] Preferably, the dual-axis moving module 30 includes two servo modules that are perpendicular to each other, and one of the servo modules is installed on the movable end of the other servo module.

[0062] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings also includes a side frame 5 fixedly connected to the top of the kiln car 4, and a hollow shaft 6 is symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame 5. The two hollow shafts 6 are fixedly connected to the central gear 11 on the side close to each other. The two sides of the side frame 5 are rotatably connected to the main shaft 7, and the ends of the main shaft 7 that are close to each other pass through the hollow shaft 6 and the central gear 11 and are fixedly connected to the transmission plate 8. The middle positions of the two transmission plates 8 that are close to each other are connected by a shaft, and the tray 9 is rotatably connected between the two sides of the transmission plates 8 that are close to each other. Both ends of the central axis of the tray 9 extend It extends to the other side of the transmission disk 8 and is fixedly connected to a driven gear 10. The central gear 11 and each driven gear 10 are connected by two mutually meshing gears. The top of the kiln car 4 is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft 13. The top of the transmission shaft 13 is connected to one of the main shafts 7 by mutually meshing bevel gears. The bottom end of the transmission shaft 13 extends to the bottom of the kiln car 4 and is fixedly connected to a transmission gear 14. The top of the base 1 and the interior of the tunnel kiln body 2 are fixedly connected to a transmission rack 15. The transmission rack 15 is meshed with the transmission gear 14 when in contact.

[0063] By setting up a tunnel kiln to transport raw materials, the raw materials are placed in a tray 9 during the transportation process. The materials move statically with the kiln car 4 (only the whole material moves, and there is no relative rolling between the particles). There is no significant friction between the raw materials and the conveying system, which reduces the particle shape damage caused by friction. It also avoids the problem that the raw materials' external irregular structure is broken or flattened due to friction between the raw materials, which makes it impossible to retain the irregular shape and affects the mechanical properties of the aggregate.

[0064] Reference Figure 2, set the kiln car 4 moving direction as the front, the direction opposite to the kiln car moving direction as the rear, the left and right sides in the forward state are set as the left and right sides respectively, when the kiln car 4 moves forward (because the transmission shaft 13 and the transmission gear 14 are both installed on the kiln car 4), the transmission shaft 13 and the transmission gear 14 move with the kiln car 4 (only linear movement and no rotation), after the kiln car 4 enters the tunnel kiln body 2, the transmission gear 14 contacts the transmission rack 15, so that the two are meshed, and the linear movement of the transmission gear 14 will cause it to rotate at the same time, and drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, and at the same time drive the main shaft 7 to rotate through the mutually meshing bevel gears, and then drive the transmission plate 8 to rotate, and the transmission plate 8 has multiple gears that are connected to the center The gears meshing with the heart gear 11 revolve around the central gear 11 as the transmission plate 8 rotates. The central gear 11 is fixedly connected to the side frame 5 via the hollow shaft 6. Therefore, during the above-mentioned revolution, the gears meshing with the central gear 11 will rotate in the opposite direction and drive the driven gear 10 to rotate via the transfer gear (the gear meshing with the driven gear 10). The driven gear 10 and the central gear 11 are driven by two mutually meshing gears. Therefore, the direction of the driven gear 10 is opposite to that of the transmission plate 8. By adjusting the size ratio of each gear, the speed of the driven gear 10 is made the same as that of the transmission plate 8, thereby achieving the simultaneous orbital revolution and synchronous reverse rotation of the tray 9 during the rotation of the transmission plate 8, so that it is always facing upward;

[0065] It should be noted that the transmission rack 15 is only distributed in the area inside the tunnel kiln body 2, specifically in the working area where heat is generated inside the tunnel kiln body 2, and does not include the entrance and exit positions at both ends (refer to Figure 1 , the transmission rack 15 is inside the tunnel kiln body 2 and its two ends do not extend into the partition chamber 3), so that the transmission gear 14 will only engage with the transmission rack 15 when the kiln car 4 enters the calcining area. That is to say, only in the calcining area, each tray 9 moves in a form similar to a Ferris wheel structure and is transported along with the kiln car 4, so that the raw materials are heated more evenly; and when the kiln car 4 just enters the entrance of the tunnel kiln body 2 or approaches the exit, the transmission gear 14 does not engage with the transmission rack 15, so the tray 9 does not flip over; its function is to make the tray 9 move as a whole in the calcining area to improve the heating effect.

[0066] Through the above design, the material can be transported along the track with the tray 9 and can also revolve around the main axis 7 at the same time. The movement of each tray 9 relative to the kiln car 4 is similar to the structure of a Ferris wheel. This movement combined with the movement of the kiln car 4 produces a spiral-shaped travel path, thereby ensuring the "turning" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, and reducing the impact of waste gas accumulation on emissions during the sintering process. At the same time, based on the above-mentioned "static transportation", friction between the materials and between the materials and the transportation system during the "turning" process is avoided.

[0067] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, preferably, a plurality of through holes 28 are equidistantly opened at the bottom of the tray 9 , and the bottom of the tray 9 is configured as a corrugated plate 27 with a corrugated shape, and the crest line of the corrugated shape at the bottom of the tray 9 forms an angle of 75° with the main axis 7 .

[0068] Since the cyanide tailings need to be contained in the tray 9 and transported statically, the support structure at the bottom of the tray 9 affects the calcination of the lower layer of raw materials during transportation. In particular, since the multi-layer raw materials themselves have a certain mass and need to withstand high temperatures, and also need to rotate and turn, the bottom of the tray 9 is continuously subjected to the pressure caused by the above activities. Therefore, in order to avoid deformation of the bottom, there are requirements for the thickness of the bottom of the tray 9. However, if the bottom of the tray 9 is set too thick, it will directly affect the effect of heat radiation into the tray 9.

[0069] Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing the bottom of the tray 9 with a corrugated plate 27 having a corrugated shape, the pressure bearing capacity of the bottom of the tray 9 is increased in turn, so as to reduce the required thickness of the bottom of the tray 9, thereby improving the heat conduction effect;

[0070] At the same time, when the corrugated shape is fully covered, more particles can contact the bottom of the tray 9, thereby improving the heat transfer efficiency;

[0071] The crest of the corrugated shape forms an angle of 75° with the main axis 7 and a 15° angle with the direction of travel (in the case of a straight line). The extension direction of the corrugation is consistent with the spiral motion direction of the tray 9, thereby promoting the hot air flow to form a spiral upward trajectory in the same direction, extending the heat exchange time (hot air flow residence time);

[0072] In addition, the lateral airflow component generated by the inclined corrugations can partially offset the centrifugal force of the particles and reduce the risk of particle ejection.

[0073] The present invention also provides a process for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, comprising the following steps:

[0074] S1: Raw material drying: Dry the cyanide tailings to control the moisture content to ≤1%;

[0075] S2: Ingredients: Mix the dried cyanide tailings with flux (Fe2O3-Al2O3 complex 3% to 5%) and desulfurizer (CaCO3 2% to 4%) according to the mass ratio;

[0076] S3: Ball milling: ball mill the mixture to a particle size of ≤0.5 mm;

[0077] S4: Granulation: The milled powder is pressed into three types of granules with different diameters: large, medium and small. The diameter of large granules is 15-20mm, the diameter of medium granules is 10-15mm, and the diameter of small granules is 5-10mm.

[0078] S5: Treatment device treatment: The prefabricated particles are calcined in a tunnel kiln. The tunnel kiln is equipped with a preheating zone, a calcining zone and a cooling zone. The materials pass through the preheating zone, the calcining zone and the gradient cooling zone in sequence.

[0079] S6: Screening: The cooled particles are vibrated and screened to obtain 5-20 mm graded basalt aggregate products;

[0080] S7: Treatment of kiln tail flue gas: The kiln tail flue gas generated in the calcining area is subjected to cyclone dust removal and alkaline solution spraying desulfurization before being discharged in compliance with emission standards.

[0081] The calcination zone in step S5 is provided with three temperature gradient heating sections. Three independent temperature control sections are set: low temperature section, medium temperature section and high temperature section. Different calcination temperatures are used to remove different types of impurities in a targeted manner. Specifically, in the low temperature section (400-600°C), only cyanide and organic matter are decomposed, the particles remain loose, and the porosity is increased; in the medium temperature section (800-1000°C), a surface glass phase is initially generated, and the fine powder is bonded to form small particles, but is not completely melted; in the high temperature section (1250-1350°C), the surface melts, and the low-melting-point components (FeS2, CaCO3) melt to form a glass phase that wraps the particle surface.

[0082] Preferably, there are some high melting point components in the cyanide tailings, such as SiO2 and Al2O3, which may not be completely melted so as to maintain the particle skeleton structure and reduce energy consumption.

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 As shown, on the basis of Example 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the driving component includes a mounting groove 16 opened at the top of the base 1, the interior of the mounting groove 16 is fixedly connected to a driving motor 17, a fixing plate 18 is fixedly connected between the inner walls of the mounting groove 16, the bottom of the fixing plate 18 is rotatably connected to a driving shaft 19, the bottom of the driving shaft 19 is fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor 17, the top of the driving shaft 19 extends above the fixing plate 18, the outer wall of the driving shaft 19 is provided with a flat key, the part of the driving shaft 19 with the flat key is slidably connected to the adapter shaft 20, the top of the adapter shaft 20 is provided with a slot 23, the bottom of the transmission shaft 13 is fixedly connected to a key shaft 24, the key shaft 24 and the slot 23 are used by plugging, the bottom of the outer wall of the adapter shaft 20 is fixedly connected to a washer 21, the outside of the driving shaft 19 is located between the washer 21 and the fixing plate 18 with a first spring 25, the top of the fixing plate 18 is fixedly connected to an electromagnet 26, and the outer wall of the washer 21 is fixedly connected to an iron ring 22.

[0085] During the material distribution process, each tray 9 needs to be controlled to revolve to the top position for receiving the material. However, in the above solution, the kiln car 4 needs to be moved and the transmission rack 15 and transmission gear 14 cooperate to achieve the rotation of the tray 9. However, the kiln car 4 should be kept stationary as much as possible during the material distribution process to prevent the material from spilling during the distribution process. In addition, it is difficult to accurately determine the position of the tray 9 using the above solution, so the tray 9 cannot be accurately stopped at the top position to receive the material. In addition, the drive component must be able to disengage from the kiln car 4 when the kiln car 4 leaves the material distribution area to prevent the drive component from entering the kiln and interfering with the transmission gear 14 and transmission rack 15 structure of the above design.

[0086] In this embodiment, the electromagnet 26 is initially energized, generating a magnetic force that attracts the iron ring 22, causing the washer 21 and the adapter shaft 20 to move downward and compress the first spring 25, so that the adapter shaft 20 and the key shaft 24 do not contact each other. When material distribution is required, the kiln car 4 is controlled to move until the drive shaft 19 is coaxial with the transmission shaft 13, and the electromagnet 26 is de-energized, causing the first spring 25 to rebound and push the adapter shaft 20 upward and into contact with the key shaft 24. When the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 are not aligned, the key shaft 24 contacts the end of the adapter shaft 20, but the first spring 25 still has potential energy. When the two are aligned, the key shaft 24 is inserted into the slot 23. Regardless of whether they are aligned, the drive motor 17 can be directly controlled to operate to drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate.

[0087] By controlling the drive motor 17 to work, the drive shaft 19 is driven to rotate, and the adapter shaft 20 is rotated by the flat key and the groove on the adapter shaft 20. In the case that the directions of the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match, the connection is completed when the directions of the two are rotated until they are exactly aligned (the key shaft 24 pops into the slot 23), thereby driving the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the tray 9 can always rotate in the upward state;

[0088] After the material is distributed, the electromagnet 26 is energized to attract the iron ring 22 and drive the adapter shaft 20 to move until the slot 23 is disengaged from the key shaft 24. The kiln car 4 can move normally and the driving component no longer affects the rotation of the transmission shaft 13.

[0089] like Figure 5 、 Figure 8 and Figure 11As shown, preferably, the control component includes a slide 35, which is symmetrically fixedly connected between the bottoms of the three transfer silos 33, and the inner sides of the slides 35 are fixedly connected with slide bars 36, and the outer sides of the slide bars 36 are slidably connected with sliders 37, and a baffle 39 is fixedly connected between the sides where the two sliders 37 are close to each other, and the baffle 39 is in contact with the bottom of the transfer silo 33, and the outer sides of the slide bars 36 are sleeved with second springs 38; the top of the baffle 39 is fixedly connected with a locking ring 41, and the left side wall of the transfer silo 33 on the left is fixedly connected with a second protective cover 34, and the inner side of the second protective cover 34 is fixedly connected to the transfer silo 33. The mounting plate 40 has an electric push rod 42 fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 40, and the movable end of the electric push rod 42 extends to the top of the mounting plate 40 and is fixedly connected to the linkage frame 43. The bottom of the mounting plate 40 is fixedly installed with a spring latch structure 44, one end of the latch in the spring latch structure 44 is fixedly connected to a wedge 45, and the other end is fixedly connected to a linkage rod 46. The top of the linkage rod 46 passes through the mounting plate 40 and the linkage frame 43 and is fixedly connected to a support plate 47. The linkage rod 46 is slidably connected to the mounting plate 40 and the linkage frame 43; one side of the slider 37 is fixedly connected to a force frame 48, and one side of the force frame 48 is rotatably connected to a number of rollers 49.

[0090] Reference Figure 12-17 In the figure, the transfer bin 33 moves from left to right, while the tray 9 remains fixed throughout the entire process. The leftmost part in the figure is the large particle transfer bin 33, the right part is the small particle transfer bin 33, and the middle part is the medium particle transfer bin 33. During the material distribution process, the material distribution is carried out by controlling the distribution bin 31 to move from left to right. Before the transfer bin 33 moves to contact the tray 9, the wedge 45 and the lock ring 41 are not in contact. The distribution process is that the transfer bins 33 from small to large particles are opened in sequence and the material is distributed simultaneously. Due to the special wavy design of the tray 9, the particles on the bottom layer will not scatter after being laid, so that the particles can be arranged layer by layer in the tray 9.

[0091] When the transfer bin 33 moves to the point where the roller 49 contacts the tray 9 (as shown in FIG. Figure 12 As shown in the figure, the state when the roller 49 just contacts the tray 9 is shown). As the transfer bin 33 continues to move, the roller 49 will push the force frame 48 in the opposite direction, drive the slider 37 to move and squeeze the second spring 38, and at the same time drive the baffle 39 to move. When the corresponding transfer bin 33 moves above the tray 9, the baffle 39 correspondingly releases the blocking state of the transfer bin 33. Among them, the force frame 48 is connected to the baffle 39, and its movement trajectory is a slant line. When the bottoms of the three transfer bins 33 are all open, the roller 49 and the force frame 48 are above the tray 9;

[0092] As the three transfer bins 33 move to above the tray 9 in sequence, the baffles 39 also release the blockage of the corresponding transfer bins 33 in sequence. When the lock ring 41 moves to contact the wedge block 45, the movement of the baffle 39 will push the wedge block 45 through the inclined surface, and the latch in the spring latch structure 44 will be retracted into the shell until the wedge block 45 is facing the inside of the lock ring 41. At this time, the wedge block 45 pops out. Based on the internal space margin of the lock ring 41, the baffle 39 can still be pushed, but it is blocked by the lock ring 41 and cannot be completely reset, thereby maintaining the open state of the baffle 39. This process is for paving;

[0093] in, Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the state where the roller 49 just contacts the tray 9. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle 39 releasing the blockage of the small particle transfer silo 33. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle 39 releasing the blockage of the medium particle transfer silo 33. Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the baffle 39 releasing all transfer silos 33 states. Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transfer bin 33 moving to the middle of the tray 9. Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the fabric state that is about to be completed.

[0094] After the material is distributed, the transfer bin 33 (along with the material distribution bin 31) is controlled to reset, the wedge block 45 is in the state of being inserted into the lock ring 41, and the second spring 38 is in the compressed state. By controlling the operation of the electric push rod 42, the linkage frame 43 is pushed upward, and the support plate 47 is lifted upward, driving the linkage rod 46 to move upward, and pulling the pin in the spring latch structure 44 upward, thereby driving the wedge block 45 to move upward until it leaves the lock ring 41, so that the baffle 39 can be pushed out along with the rebound process of the second spring 38 until it completely blocks the bottom of the three transfer bins 33, achieving reset, and the next round of feeding can be carried out (the material distribution bin 31 supplies material to the transfer bin 33).

[0095] Example 3

[0096] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, on the basis of Example 2, the present invention provides a technical solution: preferably, the inlet and outlet parts of the tunnel kiln body 2 are fixedly connected with a partition chamber 3, the interior of the partition chamber 3 is fixedly connected with a mounting seat 50, the bottom of the mounting seat 50 is rotatably connected with a blocking block 51, and the blocking block 51 has an opening 52 on one side. The top of the partition chamber 3 is fixedly connected with a switching motor 53, and the central axis of the blocking block 51 extends to the top of the partition chamber 3 and is connected to the output end of the switching motor 53 through a reducer.

[0097] Since the tunnel kiln entrance and exit need to frequently send in or send out kiln cars 4, the heat loss in the kiln is serious, resulting in energy waste;

[0098] By providing a partition chamber 3 for transfer when the kiln car 4 enters and exits, and providing a blocking block 51 with a revolving door structure, the side wall of the blocking block 51 has an opening 52, so that the tunnel kiln body 2 is not directly connected to the external environment, thereby reducing heat loss. Specifically, by controlling the switching motor 53 to work, the side of the blocking block 51 with the opening 52 is driven to face the direction of the kiln car 4 (facing the rear), so that the kiln car 4 can enter the opening 52. When the kiln car 4 moves in the opening 52, the switching motor 53 is controlled to work, driving the blocking block 51 to rotate 180 degrees relative to the above state, and the opening 52 is rotated to the direction of the kiln car 4 (facing the front), so that the kiln car 4 can pass through the blocking block 51 smoothly. The structural design of the blocking block 51 can block the discharge of hot air, thereby reducing energy waste. The operation for exiting is the same as above. First, the kiln car 4 enters the opening 52 with the opening 52 facing the rear, and then the blocking block 51 is rotated so that the opening 52 faces the front, allowing the kiln car 4 to exit.

[0099] like Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 10 As shown, preferably, the side of the partition chamber 3 away from the tunnel kiln is fixedly connected to a door frame 59, the inner side of the door frame 59 is provided with a liftable heat-insulating door 54, the top position of the heat-insulating door 54 close to the tunnel kiln body 2 is fixedly connected to an upper pressure plate 58, the bottom of the upper pressure plate 58 is fixedly connected to a sealing strip 57, the two sides of the door frame 59 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the cylinder 55, the piston rod of the cylinder 55 is fixedly connected to the side pressure plate 56, and the side pressure plate 56 is fixedly connected to the side away from the cylinder 55 with a sealing strip 57.

[0100] In the above structure, the blocking block 51 needs to rotate to allow the kiln car 4 to pass smoothly, but the above structure cannot pass through the track, that is, the blocking block 51 does not cover the track, but leaves space at the bottom;

[0101] By additionally providing a liftable heat-insulating door 54, the heat-insulating door 54 can be controlled to be closed when no material is needed for loading or unloading. In the closed state, the upper pressure plate 58 applies pressure to the upper sealing strip 57 and seals the gap above the heat-insulating door 54 and the door frame 59. At the same time, when the heat-insulating door 54 is closed, the cylinder 55 is controlled to work, pushing the side pressure plate 56 to move, and driving the sealing strips 57 on both sides to squeeze the gap between the heat-insulating door 54 and the door frame 59, thereby avoiding heat loss. The sealing strips 57 are all arranged on the outside and are therefore less affected by temperature.

[0102] Preferably, if the actual operation site permits, the length of the partition chamber 3 can be increased to improve the transit time of the kiln car 4. The kiln cars 4 can enter in batches, that is, the kiln cars 4 are fed in batches and quickly with the heat insulation door 54 open. The kiln cars 4 stay in the partition chamber 3 and enter the tunnel kiln body 2 slowly, and the heat insulation door 54 is closed after each batch of kiln cars 4 enters, which is equivalent to the partition chamber 3 continuously driving the kiln cars 4 into the tunnel kiln body 2, thereby reducing heat loss.

[0103] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, preferably, a first protective cover 12 is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc 8 away from the tray 9, a through slot for the hollow shaft 6 to pass through is provided in the middle position of the first protective cover 12, and a protective cover is also provided on the side of the side frame 5 close to the transmission shaft 13.

[0104] The influence of spilled particulate impurities on the transmission structure is reduced, and the influence of heat on the transmission structure is reduced, thereby protecting the gears in the first protective cover 12.

[0105] Reference Figures 1-17 The following describes in detail the working principles of the conveying system and rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings.

[0106] Fabric preparation revolution: by controlling the kiln car 4 to move to the right below the fabric rack 29, the drive shaft 19 is made coaxial with the transmission shaft 13, and by controlling the electromagnet 26 to cut off the power, the first spring 25 rebounds and pushes the adapter shaft 20 upward and conflicts with the key shaft 24. When the directions of the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 do not match, the key shaft 24 contacts the end of the adapter shaft 20, but the first spring 25 still has potential energy. When the directions of the two are exactly the same, the key shaft 24 is inserted into the slot 23, and the driving motor 17 is controlled to work, driving the drive shaft 19 to rotate, and the adapter shaft 20 is rotated by the flat key and the groove on the adapter shaft 20. When the slot 23 and the key shaft 24 are not aligned, the docking is completed when the two directions are exactly aligned (the key shaft 24 pops into the slot 23), thereby driving the transmission shaft 13 to rotate, so that the tray 9 can always rotate in an upward state. This process ensures that when one of the trays 9 is at the uppermost position, the drive motor 17 is controlled to stop working and wait for the material to be distributed until it is completed. After the distribution bin 31 is reset, the drive motor 17 is continued to work to move the next tray 9 to the above distribution position, and the cycle is repeated until all trays 9 have completed the distribution.

[0107] Material distribution process: by opening the electric valve to fill the transfer bin 33 and then closing the electric valve, the dual-axis moving module 30 is controlled to work, so that the material distribution bin 31 moves from left to right along the tray 9, refer to Figure 12-17The material state of the material distribution process is shown. During the distribution process, the distribution bin 31 is controlled to move from left to right for distribution. Before the transfer bin 33 moves to contact the tray 9, the wedge 45 is not in contact with the lock ring 41. The distribution process is that the transfer bins 33 with small to large particles are opened in sequence and the material is distributed at the same time. Due to the special wavy design of the tray 9, the particles in the bottom layer will not scatter after being laid, so that the particles can be arranged layer by layer in the tray 9 until the material is fully distributed in the tray 9; after being fully distributed (the transfer bin 33 is completely moved from the left side to the right side of the tray 9, and the material in the transfer bin 33 is also completely dropped into the tray 9), the transfer bin 33 is controlled to move from right to left until it returns to the initial position. At this time, the control component controls the bottom of the transfer bin 33 to close again, and opens the electric valve to allow the distribution bin 31 to refill the transfer bin 33. At the same time, the tray 9 is controlled to revolve until the next empty tray 9 is at the top of its movement trajectory and waits for the next distribution;

[0108] Feeding process: By controlling the switching motor 53 to operate, the side of the blocking block 51 with the opening 52 is driven to face the direction of the kiln car 4 (facing the rear), and the kiln car 4 can drive into the opening 52. When the kiln car 4 moves in the opening 52, the switching motor 53 is controlled to operate, driving the blocking block 51 to rotate 180 degrees relative to the above state, and the opening 52 is rotated to the direction of the kiln car 4 (facing the front), so that the kiln car 4 can pass through the blocking block 51 smoothly. The structural design of the blocking block 51 can block the discharge of hot air, thereby reducing energy waste. The operation for driving out is the same as above. First, the kiln car 4 drives into the opening 52 with the opening 52 facing the rear, and then the blocking block 51 is rotated so that the opening 52 faces the front, allowing the kiln car 4 to drive out.

[0109] Calcination process: When the kiln car 4 moves forward, the transmission gear 14 moves with the kiln car 4 (only linear movement and no rotation). After the kiln car 4 enters the tunnel kiln body 2, the transmission gear 14 contacts the transmission rack 15, so that the two are meshed. The linear movement of the transmission gear 14 will also cause it to rotate, and drive the transmission shaft 13 to rotate. At the same time, the main shaft 7 is driven to rotate through the mutually meshing bevel gears, and then the transmission plate 8 is driven to rotate. The transmission plate 8 has multiple gears meshing with the center gear 11. As the transmission plate 8 rotates, the gears revolve around the center gear 11. The center gear 11 is fixedly connected to the side frame 5 through the hollow shaft 6. Therefore, during the above-mentioned revolution, the gear meshing with the center gear 11 will rotate in the opposite direction, and drive the driven gear 10 to rotate through the transfer gear (the gear meshing with the driven gear 10). When the driven gear 10 is meshed with the center gear The wheel 11 is driven by two mutually meshing gears, so the driven gear 10 turns in the opposite direction to the driving disc 8. By adjusting the size ratio of each gear, the rotation speed of the driven gear 10 is made the same as that of the driving disc 8, so that the tray 9 can revolve and rotate synchronously in the opposite direction during the rotation of the driving disc 8, so that it is always facing upward, which can enable the material to move along the track during the transportation process of the tray 9 and revolve around the main shaft 7 at the same time. The movement of each tray 9 relative to the kiln car 4 is similar to the structure of a Ferris wheel. This movement is superimposed on the movement of the kiln car 4 to produce a spiral-shaped travel path, thereby ensuring the "tumbling" of the material during the sintering process, making the heating more uniform, and reducing the impact of waste gas accumulation on emissions during the sintering process. At the same time, based on the above-mentioned "static transportation", the friction between the materials and between the materials and the transportation system during the "tumbling" process is avoided.

[0110] The above generally describes the present invention in detail. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, modifications or improvements that do not depart from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A track kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings, comprising a base (1), a tunnel kiln body (2) mounted on the top of the base (1), a track, a conveying system and a kiln car (4), wherein the track is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1); characterized in that: Also includes: A distribution rack (29) is fixedly connected to the top of the base (1), a biaxial movable module (30) is fixedly installed on the top of the distribution rack (29), a movable end of the biaxial movable module (30) is fixedly connected to a distribution bin (31), the distribution bin (31) includes three chambers (32), respectively used to hold cyanide tailing particles of different sizes, and an electric valve is provided at the bottom of each chamber (32) of the distribution bin (31), the top of the kiln car (4) is fixedly connected to a side frame (5), and a plurality of trays (9) for loading cyanide tailing particles are provided on the inner side of the side frame (5); The bottom of the material distribution bin (31) is fixedly connected to three transfer bins (33) corresponding to the chambers (32) one by one, and the sum of the volumes of all the transfer bins (33) is less than the volume of the tray (9); the transfer bins (33) are all arranged as curved structures, and a control component is provided at the bottom of the transfer bin (33), and the control component is used to control the unloading of materials from the bottom of the transfer bin (33); the bottoms of the three transfer bins (33) are all arranged in an inclined manner and are in the same straight line; The control assembly includes a slide (35), the slide (35) is symmetrically fixedly connected between the bottoms of the three transfer bins (33), the inner sides of the slides (35) are fixedly connected to slide bars (36), the outer sides of the slide bars (36) are slidably connected to sliders (37), a baffle (39) is fixedly connected between the sides of the two sliders (37) that are close to each other, the baffle (39) is in contact with the bottom of the transfer bin (33), and the outer sides of the slide bars (36) are sleeved with second springs (38); the top of the baffle (39) is fixedly connected to a lock ring (41), the left side wall of the transfer bin (33) is fixedly connected to a second protective cover (34), and the inner side of the second protective cover (34) is fixedly connected to the transfer bin (33) with a mounting plate (40 ), the bottom of the mounting plate (40) is fixedly connected to an electric push rod (42), the movable end of the electric push rod (42) extends to the top of the mounting plate (40) and is fixedly connected to a linkage frame (43), the bottom of the mounting plate (40) is fixedly installed with a spring latch structure (44), one end of the latch in the spring latch structure (44) is fixedly connected to a wedge (45), and the other end is fixedly connected to a linkage rod (46), the top end of the linkage rod (46) passes through the mounting plate (40) and the linkage frame (43) and is fixedly connected to a support plate (47), the linkage rod (46) is slidably connected to the mounting plate (40) and the linkage frame (43); one side of the slider (37) is fixedly connected to a force frame (48), and one side of the force frame (48) is rotatably connected to a plurality of rollers (49).

2. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying system comprises two hollow shafts (6) symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the side frame (5), the adjacent sides of the two hollow shafts (6) are fixedly connected to the central gear (11), the two sides of the side frame (5) are rotatably connected to the main shaft (7), the adjacent ends of the main shaft (7) pass through the hollow shaft (6) and the central gear (11) and are fixedly connected to the transmission disc (8), the tray (9) is rotatably connected between the adjacent sides of the two transmission discs (8), both ends of the central shaft of the tray (9) extend to the other side of the transmission disc (8) and are fixedly connected to the driven gear (10), the central gear (11) and the driven gear (10) are fixedly connected. Each driven gear (10) is connected to each other through two mutually meshing gears; the top of the kiln car (4) is rotatably connected to a transmission shaft (13); the top of the base (1) is provided with a driving component for controlling the rotation of the transmission shaft (13); the top end of the transmission shaft (13) is connected to one of the main shafts (7) through mutually meshing bevel gears; the bottom end of the transmission shaft (13) is fixedly connected to a transmission gear (14); the top of the base (1) and located inside the tunnel kiln body (2) is fixedly connected to a transmission rack (15); the transmission rack (15) and the transmission gear (14) are meshed when in contact.

3. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component comprises a mounting groove (16) provided on the top of the base (1), a driving motor (17) being fixedly connected to the interior of the mounting groove (16), a fixing plate (18) being fixedly connected between the inner walls of the mounting groove (16), a driving shaft (19) being rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixing plate (18), the bottom of the driving shaft (19) being fixedly connected to the output end of the driving motor (17), the top of the driving shaft (19) extending to the top of the fixing plate (18), a flat key being provided on the outer wall of the driving shaft (19), and a portion of the driving shaft (19) with the flat key being slidably engaged. The drive shaft (19) is dynamically connected to a transfer shaft (20), a slot (23) is provided on the top of the transfer shaft (20), a key shaft (24) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the transmission shaft (13), the key shaft (24) and the slot (23) are used by plugging, a washer (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the transfer shaft (20), a first spring (25) is sleeved on the outside of the drive shaft (19) between the washer (21) and the fixed plate (18), an electromagnet (26) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed plate (18), and an iron ring (22) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the washer (21).

4. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inlet and outlet portions of the tunnel kiln body (2) are fixedly connected to a partition chamber (3); a mounting seat (50) is fixedly connected to the interior of the partition chamber (3); a blocking block (51) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the mounting seat (50); one side of the blocking block (51) has an opening (52); the top of the partition chamber (3) is fixedly connected to a switching motor (53); the central axis of the blocking block (51) extends to the top of the partition chamber (3) and is connected to the output end of the switching motor (53) via a speed reducer.

5. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side of the partition chamber (3) away from the tunnel kiln is fixedly connected to a door frame (59), the inner side of the door frame (59) is provided with a liftable heat insulation door (54), the top position of the heat insulation door (54) close to the tunnel kiln body (2) is fixedly connected to an upper pressure plate (58), the bottom of the upper pressure plate (58) is fixedly connected to a sealing strip (57), the two sides of the door frame (59) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the cylinder (55), the piston rod of the cylinder (55) is fixedly connected to a side pressure plate (56), and the side of the side pressure plate (56) away from the cylinder (55) is fixedly connected to a sealing strip (57).

6. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the tray (9) is provided with a plurality of through holes (28) at equal intervals. The bottom of the tray (9) is provided with a corrugated plate (27) in a corrugated shape. The crest line of the corrugated shape of the bottom of the tray (9) forms an angle of 70° to 85° with the main axis (7).

7. The rail kiln for preparing high-strength basalt aggregate from cyanide tailings according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first protective cover (12) is fixedly connected to the side of the transmission disc (8) away from the tray (9), and a through slot for the hollow shaft (6) to pass through is provided in the middle of the first protective cover (12).

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