Device and method for measuring straightness of steel rail joint on line

Abstract

The invention provides a steel rail joint straightness on-line measuring device and method. The device comprises a fixed frame of a right-angle structure; the upper end face of the fixed frame is provided with a transverse moving slider and a guide rail; the bottom of the inner side of the fixed frame is fixedly provided with a longitudinal clamping cylinder; the tail end of a piston rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected with a cylinder chuck; the cylinder chuck and the top of a longitudinal side-mounted plate on the inner side of the fixed frame oppositely clamp a to-be-tested steel rail to fixedly connect the fixed frame with the to-be-tested steel rail into a whole; a transverse moving cylinder is arranged at the top end of the fixed frame and drags the laser range finder mounting frame to perform linear displacement; six measuring heads are mounted on the laser range finder mounting frame; the six measuring heads are used for detecting the straightness of the steel rail joint to be detected. According to the invention, automatic, efficient and accurate on-line measurement of the straightness of the steel rail joint can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of physical measurement and testing, and particularly relates to an on-line measuring device and method for the straightness of a rail joint. Background Art

[0002] At present, the straightness measurement of rail joints is all carried out manually by humans, relying on a press tooth and a plug gauge for measurement; however, the error of manual measurement by humans is relatively large, and the straightness errors of the same rail measured by different people are also relatively large, and the operation efficiency relying on manual labor is low; repeated measurement of the straightness of rails for a long time requires a large amount of labor, which is not conducive to maximizing the interests of manufacturers.

[0003] With the continuous development of automatic devices and tooling, some advanced automatic measurement technologies have been widely used, and their accuracy and reliability have been greatly improved. In this regard, in order to achieve the automatic on-line detection of the straightness of rail joints, the following improved technical solutions are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by the invention: Provide an on-line measuring device and method for the straightness of a rail joint, and solve the technical problems of automatic, efficient and accurate on-line measurement of the straightness of a rail joint.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the invention: An on-line measuring device for the straightness of a rail joint has a fixed frame with a right-angle structure composed of a horizontal upper mounting plate and a vertical side mounting plate; a transverse moving slider is arranged on the upper end surface of the fixed frame, and the transverse moving slider is slidably and transversely adapted to be connected with a transverse moving guide rail; a longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the upper mounting plate of the fixed frame, the longitudinal clamping cylinder is perpendicular to the transverse horizontal center line in the horizontal plane, and the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly connected with a cylinder chuck; a longitudinal side mounting plate head is vertically and fixedly installed on the inner vertical surface of the side mounting plate of the fixed frame; the longitudinal side mounting plate head and the aforementioned cylinder chuck clamp the rail to be measured, so as to integrally connect the fixed frame and the rail to be measured, and the rail to be measured is arranged at the symmetric center position of the fixed frame; a transverse moving cylinder is arranged on the transverse horizontal center line at the top of the fixed frame, and the execution end of the piston rod of the transverse moving cylinder is fixedly connected with a laser range finder mounting frame; the laser range finder mounting frame is also fixedly connected with the end of the transverse moving guide rail, and the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provide linear guidance for the displacement of the laser range finder mounting frame, and the transverse horizontal center line of the laser range finder mounting frame and the transverse horizontal center line of the fixed frame are vertically coplanar; six measuring heads are installed on the laser range finder mounting frame; the six measuring heads are used to detect the straightness of the rail joint to be measured.

[0006] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the invention: The upper mounting plate and the side mounting plate are fastened together using fasteners.

[0007] In the above technical solution, as a further improvement of the present invention: the transverse movement guide rail is composed of a pair of laterally spaced and parallel transverse movement guide rails I and II; the transverse movement slider is composed of four pairs of arranged transverse movement sliders I, II, III, and IV; wherein, the transverse centers of the transverse movement sliders I and II are collinear and are slidably adapted to the transverse movement guide rail II; the transverse centers of the transverse movement sliders III and IV are collinear and are slidably adapted to the transverse movement guide rail I.

[0008] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the longitudinal clamping cylinder is composed of three laterally spaced and parallel longitudinal clamping cylinders I, II, and III; the cylinder chuck is composed of cylinder chucks I, II, and III; the execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder I is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck I; the execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder II is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck II; the execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder III is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck III; the cylinder chucks I, II, and III act simultaneously and clamp the rail to be measured against the top head of the longitudinal side mounting plate, for fixedly connecting the fixed frame and the rail to be measured.

[0009] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the laser rangefinder mounting frame is an integral axisymmetric structure and is arranged below the outer end of the transverse movement guide rail; the laser rangefinder mounting frame is composed of an integrally formed horizontal connecting portion and four vertical portions, and the four vertical portions are respectively vertically arranged at the four bottom corners of the horizontal connecting portion; the horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting portion in the transverse direction and the horizontal center line of the transverse movement cylinder in the transverse direction are vertically coplanar, and taking the transverse and vertical horizontal center lines in the horizontal plane as the symmetry axes, the four vertical portions are arranged in an axisymmetric manner in pairs; the four vertical portions are respectively fixedly installed with the inner measuring heads, inner measuring heads II, outer measuring heads I, and outer measuring heads II which are arranged in an axisymmetric manner in pairs, and the four inner and outer measuring heads are arranged coplanarly and at the same horizontal level in the horizontal plane; the top measuring heads I and II are respectively fixedly installed vertically downward in front of and behind the horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting portion in the transverse direction, and the top measuring heads I and II are coplanar and at the same height in the horizontal plane; wherein, the four axisymmetric inner and outer measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane; the two top measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane.

[0010] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the measuring heads are all laser rangefinders.

[0011] In the above technical solution, as a preferred technical solution of the present invention: the four inner and outer measuring heads are composed of inner measuring head I and inner measuring head II located on one side of the rail to be measured, and outer measuring head I and outer measuring head II located on the other side of the rail to be measured; among them, the laser center lines of inner measuring head I and outer measuring head I coincide and are collinear and are arranged at the proximal end of the rail joint to be measured; the laser center lines of inner measuring head II and outer measuring head II coincide and are collinear and are arranged at the distal end of the rail joint to be measured; the laser center lines of the four inner and outer measuring heads are perpendicular to the horizontal center line in the transverse direction of the laser rangefinder mounting frame; the horizontal transverse spacing L between inner measuring head I and inner measuring head II is equal to the horizontal transverse spacing L between outer measuring head I and outer measuring head II; the measured value of inner measuring head I is a, the measured value of outer measuring head I is b, the measured value of inner measuring head II is c, and the measured value of outer measuring head II is d.

[0012] Top measuring head I is arranged at the proximal end of the rail joint to be measured, and top measuring head II is arranged at the distal end of the rail joint to be measured; the laser center lines of top measuring head I and top measuring head II are both perpendicular to the horizontal center line in the transverse direction of the laser rangefinder mounting frame; the horizontal transverse spacing between top measuring head I and top measuring head II is H; the measured value of top measuring head I is e, and the measured value of top measuring head II is f.

[0013] The present invention also claims protection for an on-line straightness measurement method for rail joints. Using any on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints, it includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1, fixing of the device: the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, and the fixing frame is erected near the rail joint to be measured; the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder contracts, and the cylinder chuck of the longitudinal clamping cylinder clamps and tightly connects with the longitudinal side mounting head on the inner side of the side mounting plate to clamp the rail to be measured, so as to connect the fixing frame and the rail to be measured as a whole.

[0015] Step 2, measurement of the device: the transverse moving cylinder drags the laser rangefinder mounting frame to linearly displace along the direction of the rail joint to be measured under the linear guidance of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider; when the laser rangefinder mounting frame moves to a position close to the joint seam of the rail joint to be measured, the six measuring heads start to measure; among them, the four axially symmetric inner and outer measuring heads are respectively used to measure the horizontal center line value of each measuring head from the rail joint to be measured; the two top measuring heads are respectively used to measure the height value of each measuring head from the rail top of the rail joint to be measured.

[0016] Step 3, judgment of the measurement result:

[0017] The lateral horizontal distance L between the inner measuring head Ⅰ 17 and the inner measuring head Ⅱ is equal to the lateral horizontal distance L between the outer measuring head Ⅰ and the outer measuring head Ⅱ; the measured value of the inner measuring head Ⅰ is a, the measured value of the outer measuring head Ⅰ is b, the measured value of the inner measuring head Ⅱ is c, and the measured value of the outer measuring head Ⅱ is d; when a = b = c = d, the deflection angle α of the to-be-tested rail joint in the horizontal plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified; when a ≠ b and c ≠ d, the deflection angle α of the to-be-tested rail joint in the horizontal plane satisfies

[0018] The lateral horizontal distance between the top measuring head Ⅰ and the top measuring head Ⅱ is H; the measured value of the top measuring head Ⅰ is e, and the measured value of the top measuring head Ⅱ is f; when e = f, the deflection angle β of the to-be-tested rail joint in the vertical plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified; when e ≠ f, the deflection angle β of the to-be-tested rail joint in the vertical plane satisfies

[0019] Step 4. Disassembly of the device: The piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, the cylinder chuck moves away from the longitudinal side plate top head on the inner side of the side mounting plate, the to-be-tested rail clamped by the pair is loosened, and the fixed frame is removed from the to-be-tested rail.

[0020] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0021] 1. The present invention can realize automatic, efficient and accurate on-line measurement of the straightness of rail joints.

[0022] 2. The design of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider of the present invention has a stable structure and excellent load-bearing capacity, can realize high-precision positioning and linear guiding of the laser rangefinder mounting frame, and the movement of the laser rangefinder mounting frame is stable and flexible; the cooperation of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provides accurate linear guiding for the displacement of the laser rangefinder mounting frame; ensures that the measuring head can maintain a stable trajectory during movement, and avoids measurement errors caused by trajectory deviation.

[0023] 3. The pneumatic clamping method of the longitudinal clamping cylinder of the present invention for clamping the to-be-tested rail has the technical advantages of high-precision fixing and positioning, efficient clamping and releasing, strong adaptability, high flexibility, and stable, reliable and durable; by adjusting the positions and sizes of the cylinder chuck and the longitudinal side plate top head, the present invention can realize centering clamping and fixing of different types of rails.

[0024] 4. The laser rangefinder of the present invention is known for its high precision and long measuring range, and can accurately measure the straightness of the to-be-tested rail joint; the six measuring heads can simultaneously perform multi-point measurement on different positions of the rail joint, which helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0025] 5. The horizontal moving cylinder of the present invention provides power for the displacement of the laser rangefinder mounting frame. By controlling the intake or exhaust of the cylinder, rapid movement and precise positioning of the laser rangefinder mounting frame in the horizontal direction can be achieved. This automated control method greatly improves the measurement efficiency and reduces the cumbersome manual operation and errors.

[0026] 6. The six measuring heads of the present invention simultaneously measure different positions of the rail joint. Multi-point measurement helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. Through the multi-point measurement and mutual verification of multiple measuring heads, the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results can be greatly improved, and it helps to reduce the errors and uncertainties caused by single-point measurement. The simultaneous operation of multiple measuring heads can greatly improve the measurement efficiency and shorten the measurement time, which is particularly important for scenarios that require rapid acquisition of measurement results.

[0027] 7. All the measuring heads of the present invention are laser rangefinders. The laser rangefinder can accurately, efficiently and rapidly calculate the distance change between the measuring head and the rail joint. Moreover, the laser measurement has strong anti-interference ability, long service life, small volume, light weight and simple operation, combining stability, reliability, portability and ease of use.

[0028] 8. The laser rangefinder mounting frame of the present invention adopts an integrated axisymmetric design, which has excellent stability and rigidity. The four vertical parts of the laser rangefinder mounting frame are respectively vertically arranged at the four bottom corners of the horizontal connecting part. This design makes the mounting frame have excellent symmetry in both the horizontal and vertical directions, which helps to reduce the measurement errors caused by structural asymmetry. The integrally formed structure of the laser rangefinder mounting frame does not require additional assembly steps, greatly simplifies the installation process. At the same time, this structure also reduces the errors and failures caused by improper assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 3 is the front view of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 is the present invention Figure 1 、 Figure 2 top view;

[0033] Figure 5 is the bottom three-dimensional view of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 6For the upward-looking stereo of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 7(a) is a usage state diagram of the four inner and outer measuring heads of the present invention for measuring the deflection degree of the to-be-measured rail joint in the horizontal plane;

[0036] Figure 7(b) is a schematic calculation diagram of the deflection angle α of the to-be-measured rail joint in the horizontal plane related to Figure 7(a);

[0037] Figure 8(a) is a usage state diagram of the two top measuring heads of the present invention for measuring the deflection degree of the to-be-measured rail joint in the vertical plane;

[0038] Figure 8(b) is a schematic calculation diagram of the deflection angle β of the to-be-measured rail joint in the vertical plane related to Figure 8(a);

[0039] Figure 9 is a flowchart of the on-line measurement method for the straightness of the rail joint of the present invention;

[0040] In the figure: 1 - upper mounting plate, 2 - side mounting plate, 1-1 fixed frame; 3 - transverse moving guide rail I, 4 - transverse moving guide rail II, 5 - transverse moving slider I, 6 - transverse moving slider II, 7 - transverse moving slider III, 8 - transverse moving slider IV, 9 - laser rangefinder mounting frame, 901 - horizontal connecting part, 902 - vertical part; 10 - transverse moving cylinder, 11 - longitudinal clamping cylinder I, 12 - longitudinal clamping cylinder II, 13 - longitudinal clamping cylinder III, 14 - cylinder chuck I, 15 - cylinder chuck II, 16 - cylinder chuck III, 17 - inner measuring head I, 18 - inner measuring head II, 19 - outer measuring head I, 20 - outer measuring head II, 21 - top measuring head I, 22 - top measuring head II, 23 - longitudinal side mounting plate top head. Specific embodiments

[0041] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the attached Figure 1-9 , and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] (Such as Figure 2(As shown in the figure) An online measuring device for the straightness of a rail joint has a fixed frame 1-1 of a right-angle structure composed of a horizontal upper mounting plate 1 and a vertical side mounting plate 2. The right-angle structure itself has high stability and strength, and can effectively resist the impact and deformation of external forces. This structure can evenly distribute the force when subjected to force, making the entire frame more sturdy and durable. The fixed frame 1-1 of the right-angle structure removes the vertical side mounting plate 2 on the other side, in order to facilitate the installation of the longitudinal clamping cylinder described later and the operation of the longitudinal clamping cylinder to clamp the rail.

[0043] In the above embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the upper mounting plate 1 and the side mounting plate 2 are fastened together using fasteners. The use of fasteners further enhances the stability of the fixed frame 1-1. The fasteners can ensure a tight connection between the upper mounting plate 1 and the side mounting plate 2 to prevent structural failure due to loosening or falling off. The fixed frame 1-1 connected by the fasteners is also easy to disassemble and replace, and the right-angle structure fixed frame 1-1 connected by the fasteners has high cost-effectiveness.

[0044] (like Figure 1 (As shown in the figure) The upper end surface of the fixed frame 1-1 is provided with a transverse moving slider, and the transverse moving slider is adapted to be connected to the transverse moving guide rail in a transverse sliding manner. The sliding of the transverse moving slider on the transverse moving guide rail is usually very smooth, which reduces the error caused by friction or vibration. Due to the smooth sliding, the slider can accurately stay at any position on the guide rail, thereby achieving high-precision positioning. By adjusting the position of the slider on the guide rail, the position of the fixed frame 1-1 and the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 described later can be flexibly controlled. In addition, the design of the sliding connection, in conjunction with the design of the transverse moving cylinder 10 described later, makes the linear sliding displacement operation of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 described later very simple, thereby saving a lot of time and manpower.

[0045] (Combined Figure 4 In the above embodiment, as a further improved embodiment of the present invention, the lateral moving guide rail is composed of a pair of lateral moving guide rails I3 and II4 which are parallel and spaced laterally. That is, a double guide rail is used to provide a linear guide for the sliding displacement of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9.

[0046] Specifically, the transverse moving slider consists of four groups of transverse moving sliders I5, II6, III7 and IV8 arranged in pairs. The transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders I5 and II6 are collinear and slide-fit with the transverse moving guide rail II4; the transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders III7 and IV8 are collinear and slide-fit with the transverse moving guide rail I3.

[0047] The present invention adopts a double rail design, namely, a transverse moving rail I3 and a transverse moving rail II4, which can significantly improve the structural stability of the entire system. The double rail design can also disperse the load more evenly, enhance the load-bearing capacity, and ensure that the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 will not deflect or shake during the sliding process. The four groups of sliders (transverse moving sliders I, II, III, and IV) arranged in pairs further enhance the stability of the system. Each slider is closely matched with the corresponding guide rail to jointly bear the load, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 during the sliding process. In addition, the double rail design provides a precise linear guide for the sliding displacement of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9; because the parallelism and accuracy of the guide rails are strictly controlled, the sliding track of the slider on the guide rail is very stable, and high-precision positioning can be achieved. The transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders I and II are collinear and slide-fit with the transverse moving rail II4; the transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders III and IV are also collinear and slide-fit with the transverse moving rail I3. This collinear design ensures the synchronization and consistency of the slider during the sliding process, further improving the positioning accuracy. Since the guide rail and the slider fit closely and slide smoothly, the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 can maintain a stable motion state during the sliding process, which helps to reduce errors caused by vibration or friction and improve measurement accuracy.

[0048] (like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 The longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly installed on the bottom of the inner side of the upper mounting plate 1 of the fixed frame 1-1, and the longitudinal clamping cylinder is perpendicular to the horizontal center line in the horizontal plane, and the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck; the longitudinal side mounting plate head 23 (combined with the longitudinal side mounting plate 2) is vertically fixedly installed on the vertical surface of the inner side of the side mounting plate 2 of the fixed frame Figure 5 , Figure 6 The longitudinal side plate head 23 and the aforementioned cylinder clamp are used to clamp the rail to be tested, and are used to fix the fixed frame 1-1 and the rail to be tested as one, and ensure that the rail to be tested is located at the symmetrical center position of the fixed frame 1-1.

[0049] It should be noted that: The longitudinal clamping cylinder uses the cylinder chuck at the end of its piston rod to clamp and fix the rail to be measured with high precision. The cylinder chuck and the top head 23 of the longitudinal side-mounted plate form a clamping structure to ensure that the rail to be measured is firmly fixed at the symmetric center position of the fixed frame 1-1. Due to the precise design and coordination of the cylinder chuck and the top head 23 of the longitudinal side-mounted plate, the position of the rail to be measured in the fixed frame 1-1 is accurately positioned, which helps to reduce the measurement error caused by position deviation and improve the measurement accuracy. The longitudinal clamping cylinder has the functions of quick clamping and releasing, which makes the fixing and releasing process of the rail to be measured very efficient. Compared with the traditional manual clamping method, cylinder clamping can greatly save time and labor costs. The operation of cylinder clamping is usually very simple, and the clamping and releasing actions can be achieved only by controlling the intake or exhaust of the cylinder, which makes the whole operation process more convenient and efficient. Regarding the design of the fixed frame 1-1, it can adapt to rails of different specifications and models. Specifically, during the adaptive adjustment and use: By adjusting the positions and sizes of the cylinder chuck and the top head 23 of the longitudinal side-mounted plate, the clamping and fixing of different rails can be achieved. The overall structure of the fixed frame 1-1 is stable and reliable, and can withstand large external forces and vibrations, which enables the fixed frame 1-1 to maintain its accuracy and stability during long-term use. Key components such as the cylinder chuck and the top head 23 of the longitudinal side-mounted plate are usually made of high-strength and wear-resistant materials to ensure their durability and reliability during long-term use.

[0050] (As Figure 1 shown) In the above-mentioned embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The longitudinal clamping cylinder is composed of three longitudinally clamping cylinders I 11, longitudinally clamping cylinder II 12, and longitudinally clamping cylinder III 13 that are spaced parallel to each other; The cylinder chuck is composed of cylinder chuck I 14, cylinder chuck II 15, and cylinder chuck III 16. The execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder I 11 is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck I 14; The execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder II 12 is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck II 15; The execution end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder III 13 is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck III 16. The cylinder chuck I 14, cylinder chuck II 15, and cylinder chuck III 16 act simultaneously and clamp the rail to be measured with the top head 23 of the longitudinal side-mounted plate, and are used to fixedly connect the fixed frame 1-1 and the rail to be measured.

[0051] It should be noted that: in the present invention, three longitudinally clamping cylinders that are spaced and parallel act simultaneously. The cylinder chucks Ⅰ14, cylinder chucks Ⅱ15, and cylinder chucks Ⅲ16 and the longitudinal side-mounted plate head 23 form a multi-point clamping structure, ensuring that the rail to be measured is firmly and stably fixed in the fixed frame 1-1; this multi-point clamping method helps to reduce the deviation and shaking caused by single-point clamping, and improves the accuracy and stability of fixation. The spaced and parallel design of the three clamping cylinders enables the rail to be measured to be evenly stressed during the clamping process; this helps to avoid deformation or damage to the rail caused by uneven stress, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurement. The longitudinally clamping cylinders usually adopt pneumatic control and have the characteristic of rapid response; when it is necessary to clamp the rail to be measured, the cylinders can act quickly and reach the required clamping force; when it is necessary to release the rail, the cylinders can also quickly retract, realizing an efficient clamping and releasing process. The clamping and releasing actions of the cylinders can usually be achieved by controlling the air pressure, which makes the entire operation process simpler and easier to control. In addition, the cylinders can also be connected to control systems such as PLCs to achieve automatic control, further improving work efficiency.

[0052] (See again Figure 1 ) A transverse moving cylinder 10 is provided on the top horizontal center line of the fixed frame 1-1. The execution end of the piston rod of the transverse moving cylinder 10 is fixedly connected to the laser range finder mounting frame 9; the laser range finder mounting frame 9 is also fixedly connected to the end of the transverse moving guide rail. The transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provide linear guidance for the displacement of the laser range finder mounting frame 9, and the horizontal center line of the laser range finder mounting frame 9 and the horizontal center line of the fixed frame 1-1 are vertically coplanar; six measuring heads are installed on the laser range finder mounting frame 9; the six measuring heads are used to detect the straightness of the rail joint to be measured.

[0053] It should be noted that: six measuring heads are installed on the laser range finder mounting frame 9, and these measuring heads can simultaneously measure different positions of the rail joint. Multi-point measurement helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and improves the accuracy and reliability of measurement. The transverse moving cylinder 10 provides power for the displacement of the laser range finder mounting frame 9. By controlling the intake or exhaust of the cylinder, the rapid movement and precise positioning of the laser range finder mounting frame 9 in the transverse direction can be achieved. This automatic control method greatly improves the measurement efficiency and reduces the complexity and error of manual operation. The cooperation of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provides precise linear guidance for the displacement of the laser range finder mounting frame 9. This ensures that the measuring heads can maintain a stable trajectory during the movement and avoids measurement errors caused by trajectory deviation.

[0054] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the measuring heads are all laser rangefinders. It should be noted that: laser rangefinders are known for their high precision and long measuring range, and can accurately measure the straightness of the rail joints to be measured. By emitting and receiving laser beams, the laser rangefinder can accurately calculate the distance change between the measuring head and the rail joint, thereby judging the straightness of the rail joint. Moreover, the laser rangefinder measurement takes advantage of the characteristics of good monochromaticity and strong directivity of the laser to achieve high-precision measurement. The laser rangefinder adopts a non-contact measurement method, avoiding the errors caused by contact of traditional ranging tools. The measurement speed of the laser rangefinder is very fast, and the single measurement speed time is about 0.33 to 0.66 seconds. The laser rangefinder has strong anti-interference ability, long service life, small volume, light weight and simple operation, and combines stability, reliability, portability and ease of use.

[0055] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 is an integrated axisymmetric structure and is arranged below the outer end of the transverse moving guide rail; the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 is composed of an integrally formed horizontal connecting portion 901 and four vertical portions 902, and the four vertical portions 902 are respectively vertically arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the horizontal connecting portion 901; the horizontal horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting portion 901 and the horizontal horizontal center line of the transverse moving cylinder 10 are vertically coplanar, and taking the horizontal and vertical center lines in the horizontal plane as the symmetry axes, the four vertical portions 902 are symmetrically arranged in pairs.

[0056] Among them, the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 adopts an integrated axisymmetric design, and this structure has excellent stability and rigidity; during the measurement process, even if affected by external forces, it can maintain the integrity of the structure and the accuracy of the measurement. The four vertical portions 902 are respectively vertically arranged at the four corners of the bottom end of the horizontal connecting portion 901, providing a solid support for the entire mounting frame; this design not only enhances the bearing capacity of the frame, but also improves its anti-torsion and anti-bending capabilities. The horizontal horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting portion 901 and the horizontal horizontal center line of the transverse moving cylinder 10 are vertically coplanar, ensuring the accurate position of the laser rangefinder on the mounting frame; this helps to achieve the accurate emission and reception of laser beams and improve the measurement accuracy. Taking the horizontal and vertical center lines in the horizontal plane as the symmetry axes, the four vertical portions 902 are symmetrically arranged in pairs; this design makes the mounting frame have excellent symmetry in both the horizontal and vertical directions, helping to reduce the measurement errors caused by structural asymmetry. The laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 adopts an integrally formed structure, without additional assembly steps, greatly simplifying the installation process; at the same time, this structure also reduces the errors and failures caused by improper assembly.

[0057] (such as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5As shown, the four vertical parts 902 are respectively fixedly installed with inner measuring heads I 17, inner measuring heads II 18, outer measuring heads I 19, and outer measuring heads II 20 that are arranged in two pairs symmetrically about an axis, and the four inner and outer measuring heads are coplanar and at the same horizontal level in the horizontal plane.

[0058] It can be seen that the four inner and outer measuring heads can simultaneously measure different positions of the rail joint to be measured. Since they are arranged in two pairs symmetrically about an axis, the measurement results can be mutually verified, improving the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. The layout of the four measuring heads enables the measurement area to be comprehensively covered, and accurate measurement data can be obtained whether it is the inner side or the outer side of the rail joint. This helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and timely detect potential problems.

[0059] On this basis, the horizontal connecting part 901 is fixedly installed with a top surface measuring head I 21 and a top surface measuring head II 22 vertically downward respectively before and after the horizontal center line in the transverse direction. The front and rear top surface measuring heads are respectively installed before and after the horizontal center line in the transverse direction of the horizontal connecting part 901 and can measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane. Their installation positions are reasonable, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the measurement results. Although the four inner and outer measuring heads can accurately measure the straightness in the horizontal plane, there are limitations in measuring the straightness in the vertical plane. Therefore, the addition of the two top surface measuring heads just makes up for this deficiency, making the entire measurement system more perfect. The top surface measuring head I 21 and the top surface measuring head II 22 are coplanar and at the same horizontal level in the horizontal plane. Among them, the four axisymmetric inner and outer measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane; the two top surface measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane. Through the multi-point measurement and mutual verification of multiple measuring heads, the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results can be greatly improved. This helps to reduce the errors and uncertainties caused by single-point measurement. The automated measurement system reduces the chance of human intervention, thereby reducing the errors caused by human factors; this makes the measurement results more objective, accurate and reliable. The simultaneous operation of multiple measuring heads can greatly improve the measurement efficiency and shorten the measurement time; this is particularly important for scenarios where rapid acquisition of measurement results is required.

[0060] Regarding the specific position distribution of the six measuring heads:

[0061] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the four inner and outer measuring heads are composed of inner measuring head I 17 and inner measuring head II 18 located on one side of the rail to be measured, and outer measuring head I 19 and outer measuring head II 20 located on the other side of the rail to be measured. Among them, the laser center lines of inner measuring head I 17 and outer measuring head I 19 coincide and are collinear and are arranged near the proximal end of the rail joint to be measured; the laser center lines of inner measuring head II 18 and outer measuring head II 20 coincide and are collinear and are arranged near the distal end of the rail joint to be measured. The laser center lines of the four inner and outer measuring heads are perpendicular to the horizontal center line in the transverse direction of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9; the horizontal distance L between inner measuring head I 17 and inner measuring head II 18 is equal to the horizontal distance L between outer measuring head I 19 and outer measuring head II 20. The measured value of inner measuring head I 17 is a, the measured value of outer measuring head I 19 is b, the measured value of inner measuring head II 18 is c, and the measured value of outer measuring head II 20 is d.

[0062] In the above embodiments, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the top measuring head I 21 is arranged near the proximal end of the rail joint to be measured, and the top measuring head II 22 is arranged near the distal end of the rail joint to be measured; the laser center lines of the top measuring head I 21 and the top measuring head II 22 are both perpendicular to the horizontal center line in the transverse direction of the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9; the horizontal distance between the top measuring head I 21 and the top measuring head II 22 is H. The measured value of the top measuring head I 21 is e, and the measured value of the top measuring head II 22 is f.

[0063] The working principle of the present invention: that is, the present invention also claims to protect a method for on-line measurement of the straightness of a rail joint. Using any one of the above-mentioned on-line measurement devices for the straightness of a rail joint, it includes the following steps (as Figure 9 shown):

[0064] Step 1. Fixing the device: The piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, and the fixing frame 1-1 is erected near the rail joint to be measured; the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder contracts, and the cylinder chuck of the longitudinal clamping cylinder and the longitudinal side mounting head 23 on the inner side of the side mounting plate 2 are clamped and firmly connected to the rail to be measured, so as to connect the fixing frame 1-1 and the rail to be measured as a whole.

[0065] Step 2. Measurement of the device: The transverse moving cylinder 10 drags the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 to linearly displace along the direction of the rail joint to be measured under the linear guidance of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider; after the laser rangefinder mounting frame 9 moves to a position close to the joint seam of the rail joint to be measured, the six measuring heads start to measure; among them, four axially symmetric inner and outer measuring heads are respectively used to measure the value of the horizontal center line of each measuring head from the rail joint to be measured; two top measuring heads are respectively used to measure the height value of the top of each measuring head from the rail joint to be measured. It should be noted that since the offset of the rail joint to be measured is generally small, it can be ensured that the laser beams of the two top measuring heads can still detect the rail top.

[0066] Step 3. Judgment of the measurement results:

[0067] (As shown in FIGS. 7(a) and 7(b)), the transverse horizontal distance L between the inner measuring head I 17 and the inner measuring head II 18 is equal to the transverse horizontal distance L between the outer measuring head I 19 and the outer measuring head II 20; the measured value of the inner measuring head I 17 is a, the measured value of the outer measuring head I 19 is b, the measured value of the inner measuring head II 18 is c, and the measured value of the outer measuring head II 20 is d.

[0068] When a = b = c = d, the deflection angle α of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified.

[0069] When a ≠ b and c ≠ d, the deflection angle α of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane satisfies

[0070]

[0071] (As shown in FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b)), the transverse horizontal distance between the top measuring head I 21 and the top measuring head II 22 is H; the measured value of the top measuring head I 21 is e, and the measured value of the top measuring head II 22 is f.

[0072] When e = f, the deflection angle β of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified.

[0073] When e ≠ f, the deflection angle β of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane satisfies

[0074]

[0075] Step 4. Disassembly of the device: The piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, and the cylinder chuck moves away from the longitudinal side plate top head 23 on the inner side of the side mounting plate 2, releasing the rail to be measured clamped by the pair of clamps, and removing the fixed frame 1-1 from the rail to be measured.

[0076] It should be noted that: based on the comparison of the measured values, the straightness of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane can be accurately judged. When the measured values of each measuring head of the four inner and outer measuring heads are equal, or when the measured values of the two top measuring heads are equal, it indicates that the straightness of the rail joint in the corresponding plane is good; when the measured values are not equal, the deflection angle can be calculated according to the specific measured values, so as to evaluate the straightness of the rail joint. The four inner and outer measuring heads are coplanar and horizontally arranged at the same level in the horizontal plane, which can fully cover the measuring area of the rail joint to be measured; whether it is the inner side or the outer side of the rail joint, accurate measurement data can be obtained, so as to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint. The setting of the two top measuring heads makes it possible to measure the straightness in the vertical plane; by measuring the data at different positions on the top of the rail joint, the straightness of the rail joint in the vertical plane can be evaluated. By comparing the measured values of each measuring head, the straightness of the rail joint to be measured can be quickly judged. When the measured values meet the aforementioned condition of being equal, the conclusion that the straightness is qualified can be immediately obtained; when the measured values do not meet the aforementioned equal condition, the deflection angle can also be calculated according to the specific measured values for further analysis and processing.

[0077] Therefore, this measuring system can flexibly adjust the position and quantity of the measuring heads according to the specifications and measurement requirements of the rail joint to be measured, which enables this measuring system to be applicable to the measurement of rail joints of different specifications and models. Due to the advantages of high precision, full coverage of the measuring area, fast measurement and efficient judgment, and flexible adaptation to different specifications of this measuring system, it can be widely used in fields such as railway construction and rail detection, which helps to ensure the quality and safety of rail joints and improve the overall operation efficiency and reliability of the railway system.

[0078] It can be found through the above description that: the present invention can realize the automatic, efficient and accurate on-line measurement of the straightness of rail joints.

[0079] The design of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider of the present invention has a stable structure and excellent load-bearing capacity, and can realize the high-precision positioning and linear guiding of the laser rangefinder installation frame. The movement of the laser rangefinder installation frame is stable and flexible; the cooperation of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provides accurate linear guiding for the displacement of the laser rangefinder installation frame 9, ensuring that the measuring head can maintain a stable trajectory during the movement and avoiding measurement errors caused by trajectory deviation.

[0080] The pneumatic clamping method of the longitudinal clamping cylinder of the present invention for clamping the rail to be measured has the technical advantages of high-precision fixing and positioning, efficient clamping and releasing, strong adaptability, high flexibility, and stable, reliable and durable. By adjusting the positions and sizes of the cylinder chuck and the top head of the longitudinal side mounting plate, the present invention can realize the centering clamping and fixing of different models of rails.

[0081] The laser rangefinder of the present invention is famous for its high precision and long measuring range, and can accurately measure the straightness of the rail joint to be measured. The six measuring heads can simultaneously perform multi-point measurements on different positions of the rail joint, which helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0082] The lateral moving cylinder of the present invention provides power for the displacement of the installation frame of the laser rangefinder. By controlling the intake or exhaust of the cylinder, the installation frame of the laser rangefinder can be quickly moved and accurately positioned in the lateral direction. This automated control method greatly improves the measurement efficiency and reduces the complexity and errors of manual operation.

[0083] The six measuring heads of the present invention simultaneously measure different positions of the rail joint. Multi-point measurement helps to more comprehensively understand the straightness of the rail joint and improve the accuracy and reliability of the measurement. Through the multi-point measurement and mutual verification of multiple measuring heads, the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results can be greatly improved, which helps to reduce the errors and uncertainties caused by single-point measurement. The simultaneous operation of multiple measuring heads can greatly improve the measurement efficiency and shorten the measurement time, which is particularly important for scenarios where rapid measurement results are required.

[0084] The measuring heads of the present invention are all laser rangefinders. The laser rangefinder can accurately, efficiently and quickly calculate the distance change between the measuring head and the rail joint. Moreover, the laser measurement has strong anti-interference ability, long service life, small volume, light weight and simple operation, and has the characteristics of stability, reliability, portability and ease of use.

[0085] The installation frame 9 of the laser rangefinder of the present invention adopts an integrated axisymmetric design. This structure has excellent stability and rigidity. The four vertical parts 902 are respectively vertically arranged at the four bottom corners of the horizontal connecting part 901. This design makes the installation frame have excellent symmetry in both the lateral and vertical directions, which helps to reduce the measurement errors caused by structural asymmetry. The integrated molding structure does not require additional assembly steps, which greatly simplifies the installation process. At the same time, this structure also reduces the errors and failures caused by improper assembly. To sum up,

[0086] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to one embodiment, this embodiment does not only include an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in this embodiment can also be appropriately arranged and combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0087] The above-mentioned preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the content described in the claims of the present invention shall be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention. It should be noted that the components and materials used in the above embodiments are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. An on-line measuring device for the straightness of rail joints, characterized in that: A fixed frame (1-1) having a right-angle structure composed of a horizontal upper mounting plate (1) and a vertical side mounting plate (2); a transverse moving slider is provided on the upper end surface of the fixed frame (1-1), and the transverse moving slider is slidably and adaptively connected to a transverse moving guide rail; a longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the upper mounting plate (1) of the fixed frame (1-1), and the longitudinal clamping cylinder is perpendicular to the transverse horizontal center line in the horizontal plane; the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder is fixedly connected to a cylinder chuck; a longitudinal side mounting plate top head (23) is vertically and fixedly installed on the inner vertical surface of the side mounting plate (2) of the fixed frame; the longitudinal side mounting plate top head (23) and the aforementioned cylinder chuck clamp the rail to be measured, so as to integrally connect the fixed frame (1-1) and the rail to be measured, and the rail to be measured is arranged at the symmetric center position of the fixed frame (1-1); a transverse moving cylinder (10) is provided on the transverse horizontal center line at the top end of the fixed frame (1-1), and the end of the piston rod of the transverse moving cylinder (10) is fixedly connected to a laser distance measuring device mounting frame (9); the laser distance measuring device mounting frame (9) is simultaneously fixedly connected to the end of the transverse moving guide rail, the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider provide linear guidance for the displacement of the laser distance measuring device mounting frame (9), and the transverse horizontal center line of the laser distance measuring device mounting frame (9) is vertically coplanar with the transverse horizontal center line of the fixed frame (1-1); six measuring heads are installed on the laser distance measuring device mounting frame (9); the six measuring heads are used to detect the straightness of the joint of the rail to be measured.

2. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper mounting plate (1) and the side mounting plate (2) are fastened together using fasteners.

3. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse moving guide rail is composed of a pair of laterally spaced and parallel transverse moving guide rails I (3) and transverse moving guide rails II (4); the transverse moving slider is composed of four pairs of arranged transverse moving sliders I (5), transverse moving sliders II (6), transverse moving sliders III (7), and transverse moving sliders IV (8); wherein, the transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders I (5) and transverse moving sliders II (6) are collinear and are slidably and adaptively connected to the transverse moving guide rail II (4); the transverse centers of the transverse moving sliders III (7) and transverse moving sliders IV (8) are collinear and are slidably and adaptively connected to the transverse moving guide rail I (3).

4. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal clamping cylinder is composed of three longitudinally spaced and parallel longitudinal clamping cylinders I (11), longitudinal clamping cylinders II (12), and longitudinal clamping cylinders III (13); the cylinder chuck is composed of a cylinder chuck I (14), a cylinder chuck II (15), and a cylinder chuck III (16); the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder I (11) is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck I (14); the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder II (12) is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck II (15); the end of the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder III (13) is fixedly connected to the cylinder chuck III (16); the cylinder chuck I (14), the cylinder chuck II (15), and the cylinder chuck III (16) act simultaneously and clamp the rail to be measured with the longitudinal side mounting plate top head (23) to integrally connect the fixed frame (1-1) and the rail to be measured.

5. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder mounting frame (9) is an integral axisymmetric structure and is arranged below the outer end of the transverse moving guide rail; the laser rangefinder mounting frame (9) is composed of an integrally formed horizontal connecting part (901) and four vertical parts (902), and the four vertical parts (902) are respectively vertically arranged at the four bottom corners of the horizontal connecting part (901); the horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting part (901) and the horizontal center line of the transverse moving cylinder (10) are vertically coplanar, and taking the horizontal and vertical center lines in the horizontal plane as the symmetry axes, the four vertical parts (902) are arranged in pairs in an axisymmetric manner; the four vertical parts (902) are respectively fixedly installed with an inner measuring head I (17), an inner measuring head II (18), an outer measuring head I (19), and an outer measuring head II (20) which are arranged in pairs in an axisymmetric manner, and the four inner and outer measuring heads are arranged coplanarly and at the same horizontal level in the horizontal plane; the top measuring head I (21) and the top measuring head II (22) are respectively vertically and downward fixedly installed in front of and behind the horizontal center line of the horizontal connecting part (901), and the top measuring head I (21) and the top measuring head II (22) are coplanar and at the same height in the horizontal plane; wherein, the four axisymmetric inner and outer measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the to-be-measured rail joint in the horizontal plane; the two top measuring heads are used to measure the straightness of the to-be-measured rail joint in the vertical plane.

6. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 1, characterized in that: All the measuring heads are laser rangefinders.

7. The on-line straightness measurement device for rail joints according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four inner and outer measuring heads are composed of an inner measuring head I (17) and an inner measuring head II (18) located on one side of the to-be-measured rail, and an outer measuring head I (19) and an outer measuring head II (20) located on the other side of the to-be-measured rail; wherein, the laser center lines of the inner measuring head I (17) and the outer measuring head I (19) are collinear and coincide and are arranged at the proximal end of the to-be-measured rail joint; the laser center lines of the inner measuring head II (18) and the outer measuring head II (20) are collinear and coincide and are arranged at the distal end of the to-be-measured rail joint; the laser center lines of the four inner and outer measuring heads are perpendicular to the horizontal center line of the laser rangefinder mounting frame (9); the horizontal distance L between the inner measuring head I (17) and the inner measuring head II (18) is equal to the horizontal distance L between the outer measuring head I (19) and the outer measuring head II (20); the measured value of the inner measuring head I (17) is a, the measured value of the outer measuring head I (19) is b, the measured value of the inner measuring head II (18) is c, and the measured value of the outer measuring head II (20) is d; The top measuring head I (21) is arranged at the proximal end of the to-be-measured rail joint, and the top measuring head II (22) is arranged at the distal end of the to-be-measured rail joint; the laser center lines of the top measuring head I (21) and the top measuring head II (22) are both perpendicular to the horizontal center line of the laser rangefinder mounting frame (9); the horizontal distance between the top measuring head I (21) and the top measuring head II (22) is H; the measured value of the top measuring head I (21) is e, and the measured value of the top measuring head II (22) is f.

8. An on-line measurement method for the straightness of a rail joint, characterized in that: Using the on-line straightness measuring device for rail joints as described in any one of claims 1-7, includes the following steps: Step 1. Fixing of the device: The piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, and the fixing frame (1-1) is placed near the rail joint to be measured; the piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder contracts, and the cylinder chuck of the longitudinal clamping cylinder and the longitudinal side mounting head (23) on the inner side of the side mounting plate (2) clamp and fasten the rail to be measured, so as to connect the fixing frame (1-1) and the rail to be measured as a whole; Step 2. Measurement of the device: The transverse moving cylinder (10) drags the laser rangefinder mounting frame (9) to linearly displace along the direction of the rail joint to be measured under the linear guidance of the transverse moving guide rail and the transverse moving slider; when the laser rangefinder mounting frame (9) moves to a position close to the joint seam of the rail to be measured, the six measuring heads start to measure; among them, four axially symmetric inner and outer measuring heads are respectively used to measure the horizontal center line value of each measuring head from the rail joint to be measured; two top surface measuring heads are respectively used to measure the height value of each measuring head from the rail top of the rail joint to be measured; Step 3. Judgment of the measurement result: The lateral horizontal distance L between the inner measuring head I (17) and the inner measuring head II (18) is equal to the lateral horizontal distance L between the outer measuring head I (19) and the outer measuring head II (20); the measured value of the inner measuring head I (17) is a, the measured value of the outer measuring head I (19) is b, the measured value of the inner measuring head II (18) is c, and the measured value of the outer measuring head II (20) is d; when a = b = c = d, the deflection angle α of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified; when a ≠ b and c ≠ d, the deflection angle α of the rail joint to be measured in the horizontal plane satisfies The lateral horizontal distance between the top surface measuring head Ⅰ (21) and the top surface measuring head Ⅱ (22) is H; the measured value of the top surface measuring head Ⅰ (21) is e, and the measured value of the top surface measuring head Ⅱ (22) is f; when e = f, the deflection angle β of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane is 0°, and the straightness is qualified; when e ≠ f, the deflection angle β of the rail joint to be measured in the vertical plane satisfies Step 4. Dismantling of the device: The piston rod of the longitudinal clamping cylinder extends, and the cylinder chuck moves away from the longitudinal side mounting head (23) on the inner side of the side mounting plate (2), loosening the clamped rail to be measured, and removing the fixing frame (1-1) from the rail to be measured.

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