Impact current waveform parameter generation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides an impact current waveform parameter generation method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring historical lightning stroke parameters; according to the historical lightning stroke parameters and preset topological data, constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model; executing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning stroke data of the lightning arrester under different lightning back striking working conditions and second internal lightning stroke data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure working conditions; and obtaining a plurality of lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges according to the first internal lightning stroke data and the second internal lightning stroke data. According to the method, the historical lightning stroke parameters and the preset topological data are used for constructing the model for simulation, the influence of different lightning invasion paths on the lightning arrester is comprehensively considered, compared with simulation of a single working condition, the generated waveform parameter range is more accurate, and a more accurate basis is provided for lightning protection design and analysis of a power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of arrester research, and particularly to a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters. Background Art

[0002] Lightning strikes are the main cause of overhead line tripping in UHV DC transmission. Line arresters can effectively reduce the line lightning tripping rate, but the impulse aging and failure of arresters will affect the power supply safety of the line. At present, in the research on the impulse aging tolerance, failure causes and improvement methods of impulse tolerance of arresters, the existing technology mainly uses an 8 / 20 μs impulse current waveform to simulate the lightning impulse of arresters, and also uses a 200 μs waveform to simulate multiple lightning strikes.

[0003] Under various typical lightning impulses, there are significant differences in the impulse current waveforms borne by line arresters, substation bus arresters, neutral line arresters, etc. Therefore, only conducting an 8 / 20 μs impulse aging test on arresters cannot analyze the impulse tolerance and weak points of zinc oxide varistors under actual various lightning impulse currents. After being subjected to impulses with different current waveforms cumulatively, the health status and remaining life of arresters cannot be accurately analyzed. This may result in the arrester continuing to operate in the system when it has already aged or been damaged but not yet discovered. When subjected to overvoltage impulses again, the arrester may not be able to function properly to protect, causing the overvoltage to directly act on power equipment, thereby triggering faults such as insulation damage and short circuits of the equipment, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of this application provide a method, device, electronic device and storage medium for generating impulse current waveform parameters, so as to achieve the effect of improving the analysis accuracy of arrester current waveforms.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a method for generating impulse current waveform parameters, including:

[0006] Obtain historical lightning strike parameters;

[0007] Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data;

[0008] Execute a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions;

[0009] Execute a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0010] Performing data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple ranges of arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to a lightning back-strike condition or a lightning shielding failure condition.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and the preset topology data includes: sequentially selecting a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and an arrester model from the model library of a preset simulation software according to the historical lightning strike parameters and the preset topology data; constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the arrester model.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, performing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of an arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions includes: performing simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

[0013] In a possible implementation manner, performing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of an arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions includes: performing simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; determining the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the first internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning counterattack conditions, and the second internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; correspondingly, data analysis and processing are performed based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain a plurality of lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, including: performing simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning counterattack conditions to obtain the first wavefront time range and the first wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning counterattacks the tower where the lightning arrester is located, and the second wavefront time range and the second wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning counterattacks the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning arrester is located; performing simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions to obtain the third wavefront time range and the third wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning shields the tower where the lightning arrester is located, and the fourth wavefront time range and the fourth wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning shields the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning arrester is located; determining the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning counterattacks the tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the first wavefront time range and the first wave tail time range; determining the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning counterattacks the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the second wavefront time range and the second wave tail time range; determining the impulse current waveform parameters of the lightning arrester when the lightning shields the tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the third wavefront time range and the third wave tail time range; and determining the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shields the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the fourth wavefront time range and the fourth wave tail time range.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the lightning current model uses a double-exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the lightning arrester model uses a composite outer jacket lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc, and the electrical mechanisms installed on the outer side of the conductor and the lightning arrester body side form a series gap.

[0016] In a possible implementation, it further includes: obtaining discharge test data; establishing a discharge test database according to the discharge test data, where the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, wave tail time, and breakdown time; using the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, and wave tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and using the breakdown time as an output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; using the target model parameters to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0017] In a second aspect, an impulse current waveform parameter generation device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes:

[0018] An acquisition module, configured to acquire historical lightning strike parameters;

[0019] A model building module, configured to construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data;

[0020] A simulation module, configured to perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning counterattack conditions;

[0021] The simulation module is further configured to perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0022] A data analysis module, configured to perform data analysis and processing according to the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain a plurality of lightning arrester current waveform parameter ranges, where one lightning arrester current waveform parameter range corresponds to one lightning counterattack condition or one lightning shielding failure condition.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the model building module is specifically configured to: sequentially select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model from the model library of a preset simulation software according to the historical lightning strike parameters and the preset topology data; construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the lightning arrester model.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the simulation module is specifically configured to: respond to a user's simulation parameter setting operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model, perform simulation calculations to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the simulation module is further specifically configured to: respond to a user's simulation parameter setting operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model, perform simulation calculations to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; and determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the data analysis module is specifically configured to: perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions to obtain the first front time range and the first wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located, and the second front time range and the second wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located; perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions to obtain the third front time range and the third wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding failure lightning arrester is located, and the fourth front time range and the fourth wave tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning shielding failure lightning arrester is located; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located according to the first front time range and the first wave tail time range; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located according to the second front time range and the second wave tail time range; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding failure lightning arrester is located according to the third front time range and the third wave tail time range; and determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning shielding failure lightning arrester is located according to the fourth front time range and the fourth wave tail time range.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the model building module is specifically configured to: adopt a double-exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform for the lightning current model; adopt a frequency-dependent model for the transmission line model; adopt a multi-wave impedance model for the tower model; adopt a composite outer sheath arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc for the arrester model, and the electric machines installed on the outer side of the conductor and the arrester body side form a series gap.

[0028] In a possible implementation manner, the model building module is further specifically configured to: obtain discharge test data; establish a discharge test database according to the discharge test data, where the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, wave tail time, and breakdown time; use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, and wave tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and use the breakdown time as an output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; use the target model parameters to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor;

[0030] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0031] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which computer-executable instructions are stored, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above first aspect and / or various possible implementation manners of the first aspect.

[0034] The impulse current waveform parameter generation method, device, electronic device, and storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application obtain historical lightning strike parameters; construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple ranges of lightning arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of lightning arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to one lightning back-strike condition or one lightning shielding failure condition. By constructing a model through historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data for simulation, the influence of different lightning intrusion paths on the lightning arrester is comprehensively considered. Compared with the simulation of a single condition, the generated range of waveform parameters is more accurate and practical, providing a more precise basis for the lightning protection design and analysis of the power system. Description of the Drawings

[0035] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a flowchart schematic diagram of the impulse current waveform parameter generation method provided by the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-wave impedance model provided by the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a 7-tower model of a line provided by the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the impulse current waveform parameter generation device provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided by the present application.

[0041] Through the above drawings, specific embodiments of the present application have been shown, and there will be more detailed descriptions hereinafter. These drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Embodiments

[0042] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] In UHVDC transmission, lightning strikes are the main cause of overhead line tripping. Line arresters can effectively reduce the lightning tripping rate of the line, but the impulse aging and failure of the arresters will affect the power supply safety of the line. At present, in the research on the impulse aging tolerance ability, failure reasons and improvement methods of impulse tolerance ability of arresters, the prior art mainly uses an 8 / 20 μs impulse current waveform to simulate the lightning impulse of the arrester, and also uses a 200 μs waveform to simulate multiple lightning strikes.

[0044] First, the terms involved in the present application are explained:

[0045] Lightning back-strike: It refers to the situation where lightning directly hits the tower or lightning protection wire, and then discharges to the arrester through the tower or lightning protection wire;

[0046] Lightning shielding failure: It refers to the situation where lightning bypasses the tower or lightning protection wire, etc., directly hits near the phase conductor of the power line, and then generates an overvoltage on the arrester through induction or coupling.

[0047] In the prior art, by only conducting an 8 / 20 μs impulse aging test on the arrester, it is impossible to analyze the impulse tolerance ability and weak points of failure of zinc oxide varistors under various actual lightning impulse currents. After being subjected to impulses of different current waveforms cumulatively, it is impossible to accurately analyze the health status and remaining life of the arrester. This may cause the arrester to continue to operate in the system when it has aged or been damaged but has not been discovered. When subjected to an overvoltage impulse again, the arrester may not be able to play its protective role normally, resulting in the overvoltage acting directly on the power equipment, thereby triggering faults such as insulation damage and short circuit of the equipment, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the power system.

[0048] The impulse current waveform parameter generation method provided by the present application, through the observed lightning strike parameters in nature, uses the established lightning overvoltage simulation model to simulate the impulse current waveform parameters in the arrester under lightning strike conditions in different working conditions, providing a basis for studying the aging characteristics and state evaluation of the arrester under different impulse currents, and solving the technical problem that the simulation experiments adopted in the prior art cannot comprehensively reflect the complex lightning environment faced by the arrester in actual operation, resulting in inaccurate analysis and threatening the safety of the power system.

[0049] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. The following several specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Figure 1 It is a flowchart schematic diagram of the impulse current waveform parameter generation method provided by the present application. As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides an impulse current waveform parameter generation method, and the process includes the following steps:

[0051] Step S101: Obtain historical lightning strike parameters.

[0052] Specifically, the acquisition of historical lightning strike parameters can be based on the lightning location system in the area where the target transmission line is located, and by summarizing and analyzing the original lightning data monitored in the target area in the preset year and screening the valid data for analysis and calculation. It can also be based on artificial triggered lightning experiments to summarize and study the lightning parameters of the line.

[0053] For example: The analysis result after screening in a certain target area is as follows: The proportion of multiple lightning strikes is about 42%; among the multiple lightning strikes, the negative polarity accounts for 92.8%; the typical range of the return stroke frequency of multiple lightning strikes is 2 - 6 times, and the proportion of 2 times is the largest, about 33%; the average values of the wavefront time and the wave tail time of the first return stroke are 5.63 μs and 77.5 μs respectively. Therefore, the multiple lightning strike parameters adopted in the above target area are: negative polarity lightning, the return stroke frequency is taken as 2 times, and 5.63 / 77.5 μs is used as the waveform parameters of the first return stroke of the measured waveform of multiple lightning strikes.

[0054] Since the artificially triggered lightning ground flash does not experience the upward leader process of natural lightning and cannot accurately reflect the first return stroke of the main discharge, the measured return strokes are all subsequent return strokes. Taking the above target area as an example, the results summarized by the artificial triggered lightning experiment research and measurement are: the wavefront time of the subsequent return stroke of multiple lightning strikes is 0.20 - 0.68 μs, the average value is 0.37 μs, and the median is 0.36 μs; the wave tail time is 4.73 - 42.60 μs, and the median is 18.13 μs. Therefore, 0.36 / 18 μs can be proposed as the subsequent return stroke of the measured waveform of multiple lightning strikes in the above target area.

[0055] Taking 2.6 / 50 μs in the GB / T50064 - 2014 standard as an example for the single lightning strike waveform in the above target area; taking 1 / 200 μs recommended by the IEC standard as an example for the first return stroke waveform of multiple lightning strikes and 0.25 / 100 μs as the subsequent return stroke waveform for reference and comparison.

[0056] Combining the above lightning location system, artificial triggered lightning observation results and engineering standards, typical lightning current waveform parameters for the line can be obtained: 2.6 / 50 μs is the single lightning strike waveform, 1 / 200 μs and 0.25 / 100 μs are the first return stroke and subsequent return strokes of the multiple lightning strike standard waveform, and 5.63 / 77.5 μs and 0.36 / 18 μs are the first return stroke and subsequent return strokes of the multiple lightning strike measured waveform.

[0057] Historical lightning strike parameters are multi-dimensional parameters that can reflect the actual lightning strike characteristics, providing basic data support for the subsequent construction of an accurate lightning overvoltage simulation model. This helps the constructed simulation model and generated waveform parameters to be more representative and practical, and can better simulate the lightning environment faced by lightning arresters during actual operation.

[0058] Step S102: Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data.

[0059] Specifically, the preset topology data are the structural parameters of each small model in the lightning overvoltage simulation model, such as the transmission radius of the transmission line, the height and width of the tower pole, etc. Combining information such as the lightning strike intensity and waveform characteristics in the historical lightning strike parameters, determine the source and characteristics of the lightning overvoltage. At the same time, based on the preset topology structure of the power system, build an equivalent circuit model or electromagnetic transient simulation model corresponding to the actual power system in the simulation software. By setting appropriate model parameters and boundary conditions, it can accurately simulate the propagation process of lightning waves in the power system and their interaction with lightning arresters.

[0060] By constructing a virtual lightning overvoltage scenario for the power system, it provides a digital experimental platform for subsequent simulation operations. The lightning overvoltage simulation model can fully consider the complex structure of the power system and the characteristics of various electrical components, more realistically reflect the behavior of lightning overvoltage in the actual system, convert actual lightning strike data into a simulation model that can be numerically calculated and analyzed, simulate the response characteristics of lightning arresters under different working conditions, so as to obtain the internal lightning strike data, and further provide a basis for the generation of waveform parameters.

[0061] Step S103: Perform simulation operations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning counterattack conditions.

[0062] Specifically, lightning backflashover refers to the situation where lightning directly strikes the tower or lightning protection line, and then discharges to the arrester through the tower or lightning protection line. According to the set parameters such as lightning current amplitude and waveform for lightning backflashover, the conduction process of lightning waves along the tower or lightning protection line is simulated. When the lightning wave reaches the arrester, based on the electrical characteristics of the arrester (such as the volt-ampere characteristics of non-linear resistor discs, capacitance effect, etc.) and its connection method to the power system, the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning backflashover conditions are analyzed, including: voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy amplitude, front time and tail time of the impulse current.

[0063] Step S104: Perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0064] Specifically, lightning shielding failure means that lightning bypasses the tower or lightning protection line, etc., and directly strikes near the phase conductor of the power line, and then generates an overvoltage on the arrester through induction or coupling. According to the characteristics of lightning shielding failure, corresponding lightning current parameters and shielding failure models are set (considering the coupling effect of lightning electromagnetic field and conductor, discharge characteristics of air gap, etc.), and the propagation process of the induced overvoltage generated during lightning shielding failure in the power system and the response characteristics of the arrester are simulated. By solving the transient equations of the power system and the boundary conditions of the arrester, the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions are obtained, including voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, front time and tail time of the current.

[0065] Step S105: Perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple ranges of arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to one lightning backflashover condition or one lightning shielding failure condition.

[0066] Specifically, by analyzing the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data, the ranges of the front time and tail time of the impulse current in the arrester under different lightning overvoltage fault conditions are obtained, and each range corresponds to a specific lightning condition. The parameter ranges can accurately describe the current waveform characteristics of the arrester in different lightning environments, providing an important reference basis for the selection, configuration and analysis of arresters in the power system.

[0067] The parameter ranges can be used in the design of the power system, the test and measurement of arresters, and operation and maintenance, helping the staff to better understand and cope with the impact of lightning overvoltage on the power system and improving the lightning withstand level of the power system.

[0068] The impulse current waveform parameter generation method provided by the embodiments of the present invention comprehensively considers the impacts of different lightning intrusion paths on lightning arresters by constructing a model through historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data for simulation. Compared with the simulation of a single working condition, the generated waveform parameter range is more accurate and practical, providing a more precise basis for the lightning protection design and analysis of power systems.

[0069] This embodiment details the process of constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model based on historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data in the above embodiment. The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0070] Step a1: Select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and a lightning arrester model in sequence from the model library of a preset simulation software according to historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data.

[0071] Specifically, the selected models can accurately reflect the physical characteristics and layout of the actual power system, including the generation and propagation of lightning current, the electrical characteristics of transmission lines, the mechanical and electrical structures of towers, and the non-linear resistance characteristics of lightning arresters, etc.; laying a foundation for constructing a complete lightning overvoltage simulation model in the simulation software, ensuring that all parts of the model can work together to simulate the actual lightning intrusion and lightning arrester response process.

[0072] Step a2: Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the lightning arrester model.

[0073] Specifically, in the preset simulation software, according to the selected lightning current model, transmission line model, tower model, and lightning arrester model, they are integrated and connected according to the actual power system topology structure. According to historical lightning strike parameters and the specific parameters of the power system, detailed parameter settings are made for each component in the model, such as the amplitude, wavefront time, and wavelength of the lightning current, the resistance, inductance, and capacitance of the transmission line, the height and grounding resistance of the tower, and the non-linear resistance characteristics of the lightning arrester, etc. Through the mathematical algorithms inside the simulation software, the above models and parameters are transformed into mathematical equations that can be solved by a computer to form a complete lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0074] The constructed simulation model can fully present the electrical behavior of the actual power system under lightning overvoltage, including the generation and propagation of lightning current, the voltage and current distribution on the transmission line, the potential rise on the tower, and the action characteristics of the lightning arrester, etc. The simulation results have high accuracy and reliability, and can provide strong support for subsequent simulation analysis and engineering applications.

[0075] In some alternative embodiments, the above lightning current model uses a double-exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the arrester model uses a composite jacket arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc, and the electric mechanisms on the outer side of the conductor and the arrester body side form a series gap.

[0076] Specifically, the double-exponential expression can fit the waveform characteristics of the actual lightning current due to its large steepness, and the expression is:

[0077]

[0078] Where t represents time, α and β are constants, I0 is the lightning current amplitude, k is the peak calibration coefficient, and e is the natural constant. I0 is the maximum value in the preset simulated lightning current waveform, such as the vertex value in an inverted V-shaped lightning current waveform.

[0079] For the target area exemplified in step S1, the lightning waves of single lightning strikes and multiple lightning strikes both adopt this double-exponential expression, and the corresponding fitting parameter values are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table Fitting Parameter Values for Different Lightning Current Waveforms

[0081]

[0082] The double-exponential waveform can more accurately simulate the rapid rise and slow decline process of the lightning current, reflect the time-varying characteristics of the current during lightning discharge, and make the simulation closer to the real situation; it provides an accurate current source for the calculation of overvoltages in subsequent models such as transmission lines, towers, and arresters, thus ensuring that the input conditions of the entire simulation model conform to the actual lightning situation.

[0083] The line model can use a frequency-dependent model, which takes into account the characteristics of the transmission line parameters (such as resistance, inductance, capacitance, and conductance) varying with frequency. At different frequencies, the electrical characteristics of the transmission line will be different. By establishing a relationship model between frequency and line parameters, the propagation process of the lightning current on the transmission line can be described more precisely. It can more accurately simulate the transmission characteristics of the lightning current on the transmission line, especially in the high-frequency case, considering the attenuation and phase shift of the high-frequency components in the line, making the simulation results more in line with the actual situation.

[0084] The tower model can adopt such as Figure 2The multi-wave impedance model shown is used to analyze the stress characteristics of line arresters under subsequent lightning overvoltage conditions. The multi-wave impedance model regards the tower as a combination of multiple parts with different wave impedances. According to factors such as the height, structure, and material of the tower, it is divided into different segments, and each segment has a corresponding wave impedance value to simulate the propagation and distribution characteristics of lightning current on the tower. It can more precisely describe the flow process of lightning current on the tower, taking into account the changes in wave impedance at different heights of the tower, so as to more accurately calculate the voltage distribution and potential rise on the tower. The wave impedance parameters of each part of the tower are shown in Table 2.

[0085] Table Wave impedance of tower body and cross arm (Ω)

[0086]

[0087] The arrester model is a composite jacket arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc. It uses the isolation effect of the gap and the non-linear volt-ampere characteristics of the zinc oxide resistor disc to achieve overvoltage protection. Under normal conditions, the gap remains insulated, and when the voltage exceeds a certain value, the gap is broken down, and the current is discharged to the ground through the zinc oxide resistor disc. The electrodes installed on the wire side and the arrester body side form a series gap, and some parameters are shown in Table 3.

[0088] Table Some key technical parameters of ±800kV line arresters

[0089]

[0090] In the embodiments of the present invention, through the mutual cooperation of each model, a complete lightning overvoltage simulation system is jointly constructed. The lightning current model serves as the excitation source and provides the input for the entire simulation; the transmission line model and the tower model are used to accurately describe the electrical behavior of the transmission and support structures of the power system under lightning action; the arrester model realizes overvoltage protection for power equipment. Through the comprehensive application of the models, the transient process of the power system under lightning attack can be more accurately simulated, providing strong support for analyzing the lightning withstand performance of the power system, optimizing the arrester configuration, and improving the power system design.

[0091] This embodiment details the process of obtaining the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment. The specific implementation method of this process includes the following steps:

[0092] Step b1: Through the lightning overvoltage simulation model, in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation, perform simulation calculations to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

[0093] Specifically, the lightning overvoltage simulation model is constructed based on a preset lightning current model (such as a double-exponential waveform), a transmission line model (frequency-dependent model), a tower model (multi-wave impedance model), and a lightning arrester model (composite outer lightning arrester structure), etc. During the simulation, the lightning current source is injected into the transmission line model according to the set waveform and amplitude. By solving mathematical models such as the wave equation of the transmission line, the propagation process of the lightning current in the line is calculated, including the voltage and current distributions at different positions. When the lightning current propagates to the tower and lightning arrester models, according to the multi-wave impedance characteristics of the tower and the non-linear volt-ampere characteristics of the lightning arrester, the potential rise on the tower and the voltage across the lightning arrester and the current passing through the lightning arrester are calculated. The model takes into account processes such as the shunting, reflection, and refraction of the lightning current, and finally obtains the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy of the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions. At the same time, the current wavefront time and wave tail time are determined according to the current waveform.

[0094] Detailed electrical parameters of the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions are obtained, including voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time, etc., providing data support for comprehensively analyzing the performance of the lightning arrester. For example, through the voltage amplitude and current amplitude, the magnitude of the electrical stress borne by the lightning arrester under lightning action can be understood, the absorbed energy can reflect the energy consumed by the lightning arrester in a single lightning strike, and the current wavefront time and wave tail time can reflect the influence of the action time and decay characteristics of the lightning current on the lightning arrester. By simulating the actual lightning situation, the working state of the lightning arrester under various possible lightning back-strike conditions can be predicted.

[0095] Step b2: Determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current wavefront time, and wave tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

[0096] Specifically, the first internal lightning strike data can be used to analyze the performance of the lightning arrester and the lightning withstand level of the power system. These data reflect the working state of the lightning arrester in the actual lightning environment. By further processing and analyzing these data, the specific performance of the lightning arrester in protecting the power system can be understood.

[0097] Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: When lightning strikes the basic tower and the adjacent tower respectively, the changes in the electrical stress and waveform parameters of the lightning arrester with the increase of the lightning current amplitude are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0098] Table Electrical Stress and Current Waveform of the Line Lightning Arrester under Different Lightning Waveforms Striking the Basic Tower

[0099]

[0100] Table Electrical Stress and Current Waveforms of Line Arresters under Different Lightning Waveforms' Back-Striking Adjacent Basic Transmission Towers

[0101]

[0102] According to the simulation results, when different lightning waveforms strike the basic transmission tower or adjacent basic transmission towers with the increase of lightning current amplitude, the electrical stress of the arrester increases slightly. The front time and tail time of the impulse current waveform of the arrester increase slowly with the increase of lightning current amplitude, but the change degree is small.

[0103] This embodiment details the process of performing a simulation operation through a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions. The specific implementation manner of this process includes the following steps:

[0104] Step c1, through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to the user's simulation parameter setting operation, perform simulation calculations to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0105] Specifically, when simulating the lightning shielding failure condition, the lightning overvoltage simulation model also simulates the actual situation based on its built-in various sub-models. Accurately obtain the detailed electrical parameters of the arrester under the lightning shielding failure condition. For example, the voltage amplitude can reflect the voltage impact intensity borne by the arrester, the current amplitude reflects the magnitude of the current passing through the arrester, the absorbed energy can measure the energy consumption of the arrester in a single lightning strike, and the current front time and tail time are helpful for analyzing the influence of the duration and decay characteristics of the lightning current on the arrester.

[0106] Step c2, determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0107] Specifically, the second internal lightning strike data helps to more comprehensively understand the behavior mode of the arrester under different types of lightning faults, providing a richer data basis for subsequent in-depth analysis of the lightning withstand level of the power system and optimization of the arrester configuration.

[0108] The process of obtaining the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions through the simulation execution of the lightning overvoltage simulation model accurately simulates the working state of the arrester during lightning shielding failure.

[0109] Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: When lightning strikes the base tower and the adjacent tower respectively, the electrical stress and waveform parameters of the lightning arrester vary with the lightning current amplitude as shown in Table 6 and Table 7.

[0110] Table Electrical Stress and Current Waveform of Line Lightning Arrester under Different Lightning Waveforms Struck on the Base Tower

[0111]

[0112] Table Electrical Stress and Current Waveform of Line Lightning Arrester under Different Lightning Waveforms Struck on the Adjacent Tower

[0113]

[0114] According to the simulation results, when lightning strikes the base tower or the adjacent tower with different lightning waveforms as the lightning current amplitude increases, the electrical stress of the lightning arrester increases. At the same lightning current amplitude, the front time of the first return stroke waveform 1 / 200μs in the standard waveform is shorter and the tail time is longer than that of the first return stroke waveform 5.63 / 77.5μs in the measured waveform and the single lightning strike waveform 2.6 / 50μs. For the subsequent return stroke waveform 0.25 / 100μs in the standard waveform and the subsequent return stroke waveform 0.36 / 18μs in the measured waveform, the front time is shorter and the tail time is longer. For the lightning wave with a longer duration, the lightning arrester will be in the discharge state for a longer time, absorbing more charges and energy. Compared with lightning counterattack, the waveform parameters when lightning strikes the top of the tower increase significantly.

[0115] This embodiment details the process of analyzing and processing the first internal lightning data and the second internal lightning data in the above embodiment to obtain multiple ranges of lightning arrester current waveform parameters. The first internal lightning data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning counterattack conditions. The second internal lightning data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding conditions.

[0116] Correspondingly, analyzing and processing the first internal lightning data and the second internal lightning data to obtain multiple ranges of lightning arrester current waveform parameters

[0117] The specific implementation of this process includes the following steps:

[0118] Step c1: Perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions, to obtain the first front time range and the first tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when lightning strikes the tower where the lightning back-strike arrester is located, and the second front time range and the second tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning back-strike arrester is located.

[0119] Specifically, under the lightning back-strike condition, data such as the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time of the lightning arrester are obtained through simulation model analysis, which reflects the electrical characteristic changes of the lightning arrester during lightning strikes. By analyzing a large amount of simulation data under different lightning back-strike conditions, the variation rules of the current waveform in terms of the front time and the tail time can be obtained, and the ranges of the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower where the lightning arrester is located and its adjacent towers can be accurately extracted under the lightning back-strike condition. Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: when lightning strikes the basic tower, the front time range of the impulse current waveform in the line lightning arrester is 0.06 - 3.97 μs, and the tail time range is 0.26 - 22.47 μs; when lightning strikes the adjacent tower, the front time range is 0.06 - 0.1 μs, and the tail time is 0.2 - 0.62 μs.

[0120] Step c2: Perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions, to obtain the third front time range and the third tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when lightning strikes the tower where the lightning shielding failure arrester is located, and the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when lightning strikes the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning shielding failure arrester is located.

[0121] Specifically, since the current path and the response characteristics of the power system during lightning shielding failure are different from those during lightning back-strike, accurately obtain the ranges of the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower where the lightning arrester is located and its adjacent towers under the lightning shielding failure condition through simulation. Taking the target area in the above steps as an example: when lightning strikes the basic tower, the front time range of the impulse current waveform in the line lightning arrester is within 0.51 μs to 2.21 μs, and the tail time range is within 9.39 μs to 128.02 μs. When lightning strikes the adjacent tower, the front time range of the impulse current waveform in the line lightning arrester is within 3.45 μs to 5.21 μs, and the tail time range is within 15.39 μs to 202.62 μs. By separately processing the parameters under the lightning shielding failure condition, it is convenient to more accurately compare the effects of different conditions.

[0122] Step c3: Determine the impulse current waveform parameters when lightning strikes the tower where the lightning back-strike arrester is located according to the first front time range and the first tail time range.

[0123] Specifically, according to the first front time range and the first tail time range, when lightning back-strike occurs, the current waveform of the tower where the lightning arrester is located is directly affected first. The first front time range reflects the variation of the lightning current in a short time at the beginning, which is closely related to the starting characteristics of the lightning arrester, such as the trigger voltage and the response time. By comprehensively analyzing the two time ranges, the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower where the lightning arrester is located under this working condition can be determined.

[0124] Step c4: According to the second front time range and the second tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters of the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located.

[0125] Specifically, when lightning back-strikes the adjacent tower, the current waveform will affect this tower through the conduction and coupling of the power system. By analyzing the time range, the impulse current waveform parameters of the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning back-strike lightning arrester is located can be obtained. By expanding from a single tower to adjacent towers, the research on the impulse current waveform parameters in the power system under the lightning back-strike condition is improved, providing an important basis for comprehensively analyzing the complex behavior of the power system during lightning back-strike.

[0126] Step c5: According to the third front time range and the third tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters of the lightning arrester when lightning strikes around the tower where the lightning arrester is located.

[0127] Specifically, by analysis, clarify the impulse current waveform parameters of the tower where the lightning arrester is located and its adjacent towers under the condition of lightning strike around.

[0128] Step c6: According to the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range, determine the impulse current waveform parameters of the adjacent tower of the tower where the lightning strikes around the lightning arrester.

[0129] Specifically, the fourth front time range refers to the current variation corresponding to a specific time period (the fourth front time period) during the process of the impulse current rising from zero to the maximum value (peak value), reflecting characteristics such as the steepness of the current rising edge. The fourth tail time range involves the current variation during a specific time period (the fourth tail time period) in the decay stage after the impulse current reaches the peak value, and is related to the decay speed of the current, etc. By analyzing these two time ranges, the shape of the impulse current waveform during this period can be determined.

[0130] In this embodiment, the lightning overvoltage simulation model in the above embodiment is adjusted. The specific implementation method of this process includes the following steps:

[0131] Step d1: Obtain discharge test data.

[0132] Specifically, by simulating the lightning discharge process in the laboratory or actual site, the electrical parameters of related equipment such as insulators / air gaps under different conditions can be measured. For example, a high-voltage generator is used to generate a high-voltage waveform similar to lightning and apply it to the insulator or air gap, while recording data such as voltage, current, and environmental parameters (such as temperature and humidity) to reflect the electrical characteristics of the insulator / air gap in the actual lightning environment.

[0133] Step d2: Establish a discharge test database based on the discharge test data. The discharge test database includes the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, wave tail time, and breakdown time.

[0134] Specifically, a discharge test database can be built based on MySQL. The test information table is the main table, including the test name and test time, and simultaneously records the test condition number, test result number, and test waveform number. Based on the discharge test results such as the volt-second characteristic and discharge image, a test result table is established. At the same time, based on the parameters of the test waveform and the voltage waveform actually suffered in the project, including data such as wavefront and wave tail time, a test waveform parameter table is obtained.

[0135] Each table in the discharge test database is set with an id as the primary key to ensure the independence of data and avoid data duplication. The test information table is the main table and is linked to other secondary tables by foreign keys to ensure the structural relationship between the tables. Among them, the test conditions, long gap parameters, and test results are all connected through the Object_id main table, and the test waveform is kept consistent with the main table through the Waveform_id foreign key. The main table is linked and constrained to other sub-tables by foreign keys to constrain the consistency and integrity of the data in the two tables and improve the query selection efficiency.

[0136] Step d3: Use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, and wave tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and the breakdown time as the output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain the target model parameters.

[0137] Specifically, through the machine learning algorithm of the BP neural network, variables such as the insulator / air gap length, U50%, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, and wave tail time in the database are used as input variables, and the breakdown time is used as the output variable. 90% of the data is taken for model training, and the remaining 10% is used as the prediction set. At the same time, the tansig function is used as the network training function and the activation function for the hidden layer and output layer, and the Levenberg-Marquardt is used to iteratively train the network model.

[0138] Step d4: Adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model with the target model parameters to obtain the adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0139] Specifically, the lightning flashover criterion is the breakdown situation of the insulator and arrester after being struck by lightning current. The machine learning algorithm using BP neural network can exclude the factors affecting lightning flashover to obtain more lightning flashover criteria in more cases that cannot be directly obtained through experiments, providing data support for starting the simulation when inputting parameters into the lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0140] Figure 3 Provided by the embodiment of the present application

[0141] Except for the lightning current waveform parameters, the shielding failure and backflashover of lightning, as well as the lightning strike position, will all affect the impulse current of the line arrester. Taking Figure 3 as an example, as Figure 3 shown, there are a total of 7 towers, and the line arrester is only installed on the 4# tower. The electrical stress characteristics of the line arrester installed on the 3# tower when different lightning waveforms respectively cause backflashover and shielding failure on the wire segment of the 4# tower where the arrester is installed and the wire segment of the 5# tower where the arrester is not installed are analyzed. By comparing and analyzing the influence of lightning waveform parameters and lightning strike position on the electrical stress and impulse current waveform of the line arrester through the data obtained from the simulation, it can be concluded that the farther away from the 4# tower, the smaller the electrical stress of the line arrester on the 4# tower and the smaller the impulse current waveform / μs.

[0142] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the impulse current waveform parameter generation device provided by the present application. As Figure 4 shown, the impulse current waveform parameter generation device 40 includes: an acquisition module 401, a model construction module 402, a simulation module 403, and a data analysis module 404. Among them

[0143] The acquisition module 401 is used to acquire historical lightning strike parameters;

[0144] The model construction module 402 is used to construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and the preset topology data;

[0145] The simulation module 403 is used to perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning backflashover conditions;

[0146] The simulation module 403 is also used to perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions;

[0147] The data analysis module 404 is configured to perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain a plurality of ranges of arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to one lightning back-strike condition or one lightning shielding failure condition.

[0148] In a possible implementation manner, the model building module 402 is specifically configured to: sequentially select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and an arrester model from the model library of a preset simulation software according to historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the arrester model.

[0149] In a possible implementation manner, the simulation module 403 is specifically configured to: perform simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

[0150] In a possible implementation manner, the simulation module 403 is further specifically configured to: perform simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

[0151] In a possible implementation, the data analysis module 404 is specifically configured to: perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions, to obtain the first front time range and the first tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester is on the pole tower where the lightning back-strike occurs, and the second front time range and the second tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning arrester is on the adjacent pole tower where the lightning back-strike occurs; perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the lightning arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions, to obtain the third front time range and the third tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the pole tower where the lightning arrester is located, and the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range of the impulse current in the lightning arrester when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the adjacent pole tower where the lightning arrester is located; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning arrester is on the pole tower where the lightning back-strike occurs according to the first front time range and the first tail time range; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning arrester is on the adjacent pole tower where the lightning back-strike occurs according to the second front time range and the second tail time range; determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the pole tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the third front time range and the third tail time range; and determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning shielding failure occurs on the adjacent pole tower where the lightning arrester is located according to the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range.

[0152] In a possible implementation, the model building module 402 is specifically configured to: use a double-exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform for the lightning current model; use a frequency-dependent model for the transmission line model; use a multi-wave impedance model for the pole tower model; and use a composite outer sheath lightning arrester structure with an external series gap and an internally encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc for the lightning arrester model, and the electrical mechanisms installed on the outer side of the conductor and the lightning arrester body side form a series gap.

[0153] In a possible implementation, the model building module 402 is further specifically configured to: obtain discharge test data; establish a discharge test database according to the discharge test data, where the discharge test database includes the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, front time, tail time, and breakdown time; use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, front time, and tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and use the breakdown time as an output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; and use the target model parameters to adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

[0154] The impulse current waveform parameter generation device provided in this embodiment can be used to execute the above-mentioned impulse current waveform parameter generation method, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0155] Figure 5 It is a schematic hardware structure diagram of the electronic device provided in this application. As Figure 5 shown, the electronic device 50 includes: at least one processor 501 and a memory 502. Optionally, the electronic device 50 further includes a communication component 503. Among them, the processor 501, the memory 502, and the communication component 503 are connected through a bus 504.

[0156] In the specific implementation process, at least one processor 501 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502, so that at least one processor 501 executes the method as above.

[0157] For the specific implementation process of the processor 501, reference can be made to the above method embodiment, and its implementation principle and technical effects are similar, which will not be elaborated here in this embodiment.

[0158] In the above embodiment, it should be understood that the processor may be a central processing unit (English: Central Processing Unit, abbreviated: CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (English: Digital Signal Processor, abbreviated: DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (English: Application Specific Integrated Circuit, abbreviated: ASIC), etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the method disclosed in combination with the invention can be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0159] The memory may include a high-speed memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (Non-volatile Memory, NVM), such as at least one disk memory.

[0160] The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For the convenience of representation, the bus in the drawings of this application is not limited to only one bus or one type of bus.

[0161] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.

[0162] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the above method.

[0163] The above-mentioned readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disc. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0164] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can be located in an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Of course, the processor and the readable storage medium can also exist as discrete components in a device.

[0165] The division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed among each other can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0166] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0167] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, the functional units can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit.

[0168] If a function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or a part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., all kinds of media that can store program codes.

[0169] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions. The foregoing program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps including the above method embodiments; and the foregoing storage medium includes: ROMs, RAMs, magnetic disks, or optical discs, etc., all kinds of media that can store program codes.

[0170] Finally, it should be noted that: After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementation manners of the present invention. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention. It is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present invention is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for generating impulse current waveform parameters, characterized in that Including: Obtain historical lightning strike parameters; Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; Execute a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; Execute a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; Perform data analysis and processing according to the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple ranges of arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to one lightning back-strike condition or one lightning shielding failure condition.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data includes: Successively select a lightning current model, a transmission line model, a tower model, and an arrester model from the model library of a preset simulation software according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; Construct a lightning overvoltage simulation model in the preset simulation software according to the lightning current model, the transmission line model, the tower model, and the arrester model.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein The executing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions includes: Execute simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions; Determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions as the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The executing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions includes: Execute simulation calculations through the lightning overvoltage simulation model in response to a user's simulation parameter setting operation to obtain the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; Determine the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions as the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The first internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-strike conditions, and the second internal lightning strike data includes the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and wave tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; Correspondingly, the performing data analysis and processing according to the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data to obtain multiple ranges of arrester current waveform parameters includes: Perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the arrester under different lightning back-stroke conditions to obtain the first front time range and the first tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning back-stroke arrester is on the pole tower, and the second front time range and the second tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the pole tower adjacent to the pole tower where the lightning back-stroke arrester is located; Perform simulation data analysis and processing based on the voltage amplitude, current amplitude, absorbed energy, current front time, and current tail time in the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions to obtain the third front time range and the third tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the lightning shielding failure arrester is on the pole tower, and the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range of the impulse current in the arrester when the pole tower adjacent to the pole tower where the lightning shielding failure arrester is located; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the lightning back-stroke arrester is on the pole tower according to the first front time range and the first tail time range; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the pole tower adjacent to the pole tower where the lightning back-stroke arrester is located according to the second front time range and the second tail time range; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters of the arrester when the lightning shielding failure arrester is on the pole tower according to the third front time range and the third tail time range; Determine the impulse current waveform parameters when the pole tower adjacent to the pole tower where the lightning shielding failure arrester is located according to the fourth front time range and the fourth tail time range.

6. The method according to claim 2, wherein The lightning current model uses a double-exponential waveform to simulate the current waveform; the transmission line model uses a frequency-dependent model; the pole tower model uses a multi-wave impedance model; the arrester model uses a composite outer arrester structure with an external series gap and an internal encapsulated DC zinc oxide resistor disc, and the electrical mechanisms installed on the outer side of the conductor and the arrester body side form a series gap.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that Further include: Obtain discharge test data; Establish a discharge test database according to the discharge test data, where the discharge test database includes insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, wave tail time, and breakdown time; Use the insulator / air gap length, impulse flashover voltage, temperature, humidity, wavefront time, and wave tail time in the discharge test database as input variables, and use the breakdown time as an output variable to train a preset machine learning model to obtain target model parameters; Adjust the lightning overvoltage simulation model with the target model parameters to obtain an adjusted lightning overvoltage simulation model.

8. An impulse current waveform parameter generating device, characterized in that, Include: An acquisition module for acquiring historical lightning strike parameters; A model building module for constructing a lightning overvoltage simulation model according to the historical lightning strike parameters and preset topology data; A simulation module for performing a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the first internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning back-stroke conditions; The simulation module is further used to perform a simulation operation through the lightning overvoltage simulation model to obtain the second internal lightning strike data of the arrester under different lightning shielding failure conditions; A data analysis module, configured to perform data analysis and processing based on the first internal lightning strike data and the second internal lightning strike data, so as to obtain a plurality of ranges of arrester current waveform parameters, where one range of arrester current waveform parameters corresponds to one type of lightning back strike condition or one type of lightning shielding failure condition.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes: A memory and a processor; The memory stores computer-executable instructions; The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory, so that the processor executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, Computer-executable instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer-executable instructions are executed by a processor, they are used to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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