Display device based on miniLED high resolution

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device based on miniLED high resolution, which comprises a miniLED display panel, a polarizer and a steering prism which are sequentially stacked, the polarizer is used for selectively passing through polarized light in a specific direction, and the steering prism is configured to improve the sensing resolution of the miniLED display panel by using a time division multiplexing principle. The user perception resolution is improved by utilizing the high frame rate advantage of the mini LED display panel, the time division multiplexing technology principle is combined to the mini LED display panel, and light beam deflection is achieved and the image frame switching speed in the mini LED display panel is increased by combining the mini LED display panel, the deflector and the steering prism, so that the LED display screen with the higher resolution is achieved. The combination not only improves the definition and fineness of the display effect, but also effectively reduces the dependence on the number of the light-emitting diodes, thereby controlling the production cost while maintaining high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and particularly to a display device based on miniLED with high resolution. Background Art

[0002] For current LED display panels, in order to increase the pixel density, it is necessary to reduce the pixel size, increase the number of LED light-emitting chips, and reduce the size of the LED chips. This will inevitably increase the manufacturing difficulty and then drive up the product cost. To solve this problem, related technicians have proposed a solution to improve the resolution of the display panel by using virtual pixels. The core of this solution is to let adjacent virtual pixels share one or more light-emitting chips, and by lighting these light-emitting chips in a time-sharing manner, making full use of the visual persistence phenomenon of the human eye, so as to reproduce more virtual pixels. This means that under the condition of the same number of light-emitting chips, the display panel with a virtual pixel structure can achieve a higher resolution, thereby reducing the overall cost of the display panel. Virtual pixels improve the resolution of the LED display panel to a certain extent, but also increase the driving complexity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a display device based on miniLED with high resolution to solve the technical problems of low resolution and complex driving of traditional LED display panels.

[0004] The present invention discloses a display device based on miniLED with high resolution. The display device includes a miniLED display panel, a polarizer, and a turning prism stacked in sequence. The miniLED display panel is used for emitting light, the polarizer is used for selectively passing polarized light in a specific direction, and the turning prism is configured to improve the perceived resolution of the miniLED display panel by using the time-division multiplexing principle.

[0005] In one embodiment, along the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the turning prism includes a polarization rotator and a birefringent prism array. The polarization rotator is used to change the polarization state of the polarized light, and the deflection state change time of the polarization rotator is synchronized with the display state change time of the miniLED display panel, so that the polarization direction of the light beam is synchronized with the display content of the miniLED display panel.

[0006] In one embodiment, along the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the polarization rotator includes a first substrate, a first active liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate stacked in sequence. The first active liquid crystal layer includes a first conductive layer, a first liquid crystal layer, and a second conductive layer stacked in sequence. Wherein a first liquid crystal alignment layer is further stacked between the first conductive layer and the first liquid crystal layer.

[0007] In one embodiment, in the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the birefringent prism array includes a prism array, a birefringent material layer, and a third substrate that are sequentially stacked. The side of the prism array facing the third substrate is an uneven surface, and the birefringent material layer is filled between the uneven surface and the third substrate.

[0008] In one embodiment, the birefringent material layer is filled with a liquid crystal material to form a second liquid crystal layer.

[0009] In one embodiment, the uneven surface is a continuous stepped inclined serrated structure.

[0010] In one embodiment, the display device includes two of the steering prisms. In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the two steering prisms are stacked to form a two-stage cascaded steering prism. The two-stage cascaded steering prism is stacked on the side of the polarizer facing away from the miniLED display panel and can achieve four discrete deflection angles.

[0011] In one embodiment, the display device includes a polarization retarder. The polarization retarder is stacked between the two steering prisms to achieve deflection of light beams in two orthogonal directions.

[0012] In one embodiment, in the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the steering prism includes a steering component. The steering component includes a fourth substrate, a second active liquid crystal layer, and a fifth substrate that are sequentially stacked. The side of the fourth substrate facing away from the second active liquid crystal layer is stacked on the light-emitting surface of the miniLED display panel;

[0013] The second active liquid crystal layer includes a third conductive layer, a third liquid crystal layer, and a fourth conductive layer that are sequentially stacked; wherein, a voltage curve required for generating a phase delay of the deflected light beam wavefront is applied to the third conductive layer, and the profile of the voltage curve is in a sawtooth wave shape, so that the steering component realizes a continuously variable deflection angle change of the polarized light. A second liquid crystal alignment layer is also stacked between the third conductive layer and the third liquid crystal layer; the fourth conductive layer is grounded.

[0014] In one embodiment, the third conductive layer includes a plurality of conductive parts. The plurality of conductive parts extend longitudinally and are connected transversely into a strip-shaped path to increase the resistance of the third conductive layer, thereby increasing the voltage difference on the third conductive layer.

[0015] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention provides a display device based on miniLED high resolution, which includes a miniLED display panel, a polarizer, and a steering prism stacked in sequence. The polarizer is used to selectively pass polarized light in a specific direction, and the steering prism is configured to improve the perceived resolution of the miniLED display panel by using the time-division multiplexing principle. This application utilizes the high frame rate advantage of the miniLED display panel to improve the user's perceived resolution, combines the time-division multiplexing technology principle with the miniLED display panel, and through the combination of the miniLED display panel, deflector, and steering prism, realizes beam deflection and synchronizes the image frame switching in the miniLED display panel to achieve a higher resolution LED display screen. This combination not only improves the clarity and fineness of the display effect but also effectively reduces the dependence on the number of light-emitting diodes, thereby controlling the production cost while maintaining high performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a display device based on miniLED high resolution according to an embodiment of the present application, where the arrow direction indicates the light-emitting direction;

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of the polarization rotator in the shown display device;

[0020] Figure 3 is for the schematic diagram of the virtual sub-pixels generated when the light beam passes through the Figure 1 shown display device;

[0021] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a two-stage cascaded steering prism in an embodiment of the shown display device;

[0022] Figure 5 is for Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the display effect of the first application embodiment of realizing time-division multiplexing pixels by the shown display device;

[0023] Figure 6 is for Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the display effect of the second application embodiment of realizing time-division multiplexing pixels by the shown display device;

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the display effect of the third application embodiment of time-division multiplexed pixels implemented by the display device shown Figure 1 in FIG.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the display effect of the fourth application embodiment of time-division multiplexed pixels implemented by the display device shown Figure 1 in FIG.

[0026] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the display effect of the fifth application embodiment of time-division multiplexed pixels implemented by the display device shown Figure 1 in FIG.

[0027] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the display effect of the sixth application embodiment of time-division multiplexed pixels implemented by the display device shown Figure 1 in FIG.

[0028] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the display device based on miniLED high resolution in the second embodiment of the present application

[0029] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the voltage distribution applied on the third conductive layer in the display device shown Figure 10 in FIG.

[0030] Figure 13 Front view of the zigzag current path applied on the third conductive layer in the display device shown Figure 11 in FIG.

[0031] Figure 14 Front view of the vertical rectangular prism unit in the display device shown Figure 11 in FIG.

[0032] Figure 15 Front view of the prism unit with the same height as the prism unit and module in the display device shown Figure 11 implemented by using the display device

[0033] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the display effect of time-division multiplexed pixels implemented in an application embodiment by using the display device shown Figure 11 in FIG.

[0034] Figure 17 System flow chart of the display device shown in the working state Figure 11 in FIG.

[0035] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0036] 10. Display device; 100. miniLED display panel; 200. Polarizer; 300. Polarization rotator; 310. First substrate; 320. First active liquid crystal layer; 321. First conductive layer; 322. First liquid crystal layer; 323. Second conductive layer; 324. First liquid crystal alignment layer; 330. Second substrate; 400. Birefringent prism array; 410. Prism array; 411. Uneven surface; 420. Birefringent material layer; 421. Second liquid crystal layer; 430. Third substrate; 500. Polarization retarder; 600. Steering component; 610. Fourth substrate; 620. Second active liquid crystal layer; 621. Third conductive layer; 622. Third liquid crystal layer; 623. Fourth conductive layer; 624. Second liquid crystal alignment layer; 625. Conductive part; 630. Fifth substrate; 101. Steering prism; 102. Two cascaded steering prisms. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] Typical implementation modes reflecting the features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that the present invention can have various variations in different implementation modes, all of which do not depart from the scope of the present invention, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes in nature and not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the said features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "set", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] In current LED display panels, in order to increase the pixel density, it is necessary to reduce the pixel size, increase the number of LED light-emitting chips, and shrink the size of the LED chips. This will inevitably increase the manufacturing difficulty and thus drive up the product cost. To solve this problem, relevant technical personnel have proposed a solution to improve the resolution of the display panel by using virtual pixels. The core of this solution lies in allowing adjacent virtual pixels to share one or more light-emitting chips, and by lighting these light-emitting chips in a time-division manner, making full use of the visual persistence phenomenon of the human eye to reproduce more virtual pixels. This means that under the condition of the same number of light-emitting chips, the display panel with a virtual pixel structure can achieve a higher resolution, thereby reducing the overall cost of the display panel. Virtual pixels improve the resolution of the LED display panel to a certain extent, but also increase the complexity of driving. Based on this, this patent application proposes an innovative method to improve the user-perceived resolution by taking advantage of the high frame rate of the miniLED display panel. Previous studies have shown that achieving this goal requires some form of beam control. Beam control can be achieved in various ways, and some of these methods involve mechanical movement, such as the technologies of Zecotek and Texas Instruments. However, to avoid the complexity and potential failures brought by mechanical movement, we have selected mature technologies developed for other applications, which do not require moving parts.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 , this application provides a display device 10 based on high-resolution miniLEDs. The display device 10 includes a stacked miniLED display panel 100, a polarizer 200, and a steering prism 101. The miniLED display panel 100 is used for emitting light, the polarizer 200 is used for selectively passing polarized light in a specific direction, and the steering prism 101 is configured to use the time-division multiplexing principle to improve the perceived resolution of the miniLED display panel 100 to enhance the resolution and display effect of the entire display device 10.

[0042] It should be noted that although the current size of the miniLED display panel 100 can reach several square meters, there are certain difficulties in fabricating such a large-area electro-controlled liquid crystal device. However, the modular design of the miniLED display panel 100 allows multiple small modules to be combined into a larger area. Therefore, in practical applications, the maximum size of the device does not have to exceed the range of about 0.6m * 0.35m. In addition, if necessary, multiple smaller modules can be tiled within this relatively compact area to meet different application requirements. This structure can not only be effectively integrated into the display module, but also be very user-friendly in design, ensuring that the overall thickness of the miniLED display panel 100 module increases by no more than a few millimeters, thus ensuring the compatibility and practicality of the device.

[0043] In addition, Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a communication technology that shares channel resources through time division, allowing multiple signals to be transmitted alternately on the same physical channel. The specific method of applying the principle of time division multiplexing technology to the miniLED display panel 100 is to utilize the visual persistence effect of the human eye by quickly switching different image frames, enabling the observer to perceive continuous images in a rapidly changing image sequence, thereby achieving a high-resolution effect visually. Here, as long as the image frame switching speed in the miniLED display panel 100 is fast enough, the visual effect of time division multiplexing can be achieved to realize the high resolution of the miniLED display panel 100. The steering prism 101 synchronizing the image frame switching in the miniLED display panel 100 can achieve this visual effect of time division multiplexing.

[0044] This application provides a display device 10 based on high-resolution miniLEDs, which utilizes the high frame rate advantage of the miniLED display panel 100 to improve the user-perceived resolution. By combining the principle of time division multiplexing technology with the miniLED display panel 100, through the combination of the miniLED display panel 100, the polarizer 200, and the steering prism 101, beam deflection is achieved and the image frame switching in the miniLED display panel 100 is synchronized to realize a higher-resolution LED display screen. This combination not only improves the clarity and fineness of the display effect but also effectively reduces the dependence on the number of light-emitting diodes, thereby controlling the production cost while maintaining high performance.

[0045] Preferably, in one embodiment, in the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel 100, the turning prism 101 includes a polarization rotator 300 and a birefringent prism array 400. The polarization rotator 300 is used to change the polarization state of polarized light. Among them, the change time of the deflection state of the polarization rotator 300 is synchronized with the change time of the display state of the miniLED display panel 100, so that the polarization direction of the light beam is synchronized with the display content of the miniLED display panel 100, and the polarization direction of the light beam is consistent with the direction of the polarizer in the miniLED display panel 100. It should be noted that the polarization rotator 300 can rotate the direction of the linearly polarized light deflected by the polarizer 200 by a specific angle, such as 45° or 90°. For example, it can rotate the vibration direction of linearly polarized light by a certain angle, or change the sense of rotation of circularly polarized light. This conversion of polarization state is essential in many optical systems. Here, the polarization rotator 300 adjusts the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light to be synchronized with the display content of the miniLED display panel 100 through the above dynamic adjustment. The synchronization between the polarization rotator 300 and the miniLED display panel 100 is mainly achieved through the synchronization of control signals. The driving signals (such as clock signals and data signals) of the miniLED display panel 100 will synchronously control the voltage or magnetic field of the polarization rotator 300 to ensure that the adjustment of the polarization direction is consistent with the update of the display content. In this application, the polarization rotator 300 and the birefringent prism array 400 are only a specific way to realize the specific deflection of the light beam by the turning prism 101. In this application, the turning prism 101 can also be realized by an LC (liquid crystal) prism array with an actively continuously variable deflection angle. Therefore, in this application, the settings of the polarization rotator 300 and the birefringent prism array 400 are not limited, that is, the implementation manner of the turning prism 101 is not limited.

[0046] Preferably, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 2, in one embodiment, the polarization rotator 300 is an electrically controlled LC polarization rotator 300, which is an optical device that uses an electric field to control the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules to achieve the rotation of the polarization direction of polarized light. Specifically, in the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel 100, the polarization rotator 300 includes a first substrate 310, a first active liquid crystal layer 320, and a second substrate 330 stacked in sequence; the first active liquid crystal layer 320 includes a first conductive layer 321, a first liquid crystal layer 322, and a second conductive layer 323 stacked in sequence; a first liquid crystal alignment layer 324 is further stacked between the first conductive layer 321 and the first liquid crystal layer 322. Here, the LC material (the first liquid crystal layer 322) filled in the internal gap of the polarization rotator 300 forms the electrically controlled LC polarization rotator 300. ITO is coated on both opposite sides of the LC material layer as the first conductive layer 321 and the second conductive layer 323 respectively and is connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the external power supply to apply an electric field to the polarization rotator 300. An LC material alignment layer (the first liquid crystal alignment layer 324) is covered on the ITO. The first liquid crystal alignment layer 324 can control the initial arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 322, so that the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged in a specific direction when no electric field is applied. This is usually achieved by coating a layer of alignment film (such as polyimide, PI) on the substrate. After the alignment film is rubbed, tiny grooves will be formed on the surface, and these grooves will guide the liquid crystal molecules to be arranged in a specific direction. It should be understood that the electrically controlled LC (liquid crystal) polarization rotator 300 is only a specific implementation manner. In other embodiments, the polarization rotator 300 can also be a quarter-wave plate, and the material can be quartz or silicon glass slide. Therefore, in this application, the type of the polarization rotator 300 is not limited.

[0047] Preferably, referring to Figure 1 , in one embodiment, in the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel 100, the birefringent prism array 400 includes a prism array 410, a birefringent material layer 420, and a third substrate 430 stacked in sequence. One side of the prism array 410 facing the third substrate 430 is an uneven surface 411, and the birefringent material layer 420 is used to fill between the uneven surface 411 and the third substrate 410. It should be noted that birefringence refers to the phenomenon that when light propagates in an anisotropic crystal or material, it is decomposed into two beams of light with different refractive indices and propagation speeds. The birefringent material layer 420 utilizes this property to control and modulate the polarization direction of light through a specific crystal structure or material design. Preferably, in one embodiment, the birefringent material layer 420 is filled with a liquid crystal material to form a second liquid crystal layer 421. The birefringent material layer 420 is a special optical material layer, and its core characteristic is that it can make light propagate with different refractive indices in different directions, thereby realizing the modulation of the polarization state of light.

[0048] In this embodiment, using liquid crystal material as the birefringent material layer 420 has many significant advantages. For example: First, liquid crystal materials have natural anisotropy, that is, they have different optical and dielectric properties in different directions. This anisotropy causes liquid crystal materials to exhibit birefringence when no electric field is applied. When light passes through the liquid crystal layer, it is decomposed into two lights with different polarization directions (e-light and o-light), corresponding to different refractive indices respectively. This property enables liquid crystal materials to effectively control the polarization state of light. Second, the birefringence characteristics of liquid crystal materials can be dynamically regulated by applying an external electric field. When an electric field is applied, liquid crystal molecules will rearrange along the direction of the electric field, thereby changing the birefringence coefficient. This electro-optic birefringence effect enables liquid crystal materials to achieve fast and reversible optical modulation, which is suitable for dynamic optical systems. Third, liquid crystal materials have large birefringence and good transmittance in multiple bands such as ultraviolet, visible light, and infrared. This means that liquid crystal materials can be used in a variety of optical applications, not limited to the visible light range, and can also play a role in fields such as optical communication and optical measurement. Fourth, the molecular arrangement of liquid crystal materials can be quickly adjusted by an electric field, thereby achieving dynamic optical modulation. This property enables liquid crystal materials to quickly respond to changes in image signals in display technology and achieve high-quality dynamic displays. Fifth, the electro-optic birefringence effect of liquid crystal materials usually requires a low driving voltage, which gives liquid crystal-based optical devices the advantage of low power consumption. At the same time, with the development of new liquid crystal materials, their response speed has also been significantly improved, meeting the requirements of high-speed optical communication and display technology. In addition, the birefringence characteristics of liquid crystal materials can be optimized through molecular structure design. For example, by extending the π-electron conjugation length of the molecules, the birefringence of the liquid crystal can be effectively increased. This customizability enables liquid crystal materials to meet different application requirements, such as high birefringence and high reliability. Therefore, filling the birefringent material layer 420 with liquid crystal material can greatly improve the display effect and resolution of the entire display device 10. It should be understood that in other embodiments of the present application, the birefringent material layer 420 can also be natural crystals (such as calcite, quartz, etc.), artificial crystals (such as lithium niobate, yttrium vanadate, α-barium metaborate, magnesium fluoride, etc.), and new two-dimensional materials (such as transition metal sulfides, black phosphorus, etc.). Therefore, in the present application, the material of the birefringent material layer 420 is not limited.

[0049] Preferably, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 3, in one embodiment, the uneven surface 411 is a continuous stepped inclined serrated structure. Such a design can greatly improve the light passing efficiency, and enhance the light efficiency and display effect. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the uneven surface 411 is not necessarily continuous stepped, and it can be layered stepped, that is, the continuous stepped is divided into 2-layer steps, 4-layer steps or more layers of steps. Therefore, in this application, the shape of the uneven surface 411 is not limited. Here, the actual sub-pixels pass through the display device 10 and generate virtual sub-pixels through beam deflection. At the same position, the user sees the sub-pixels and virtual sub-pixels at different times successively. Figure 3 It shows that the sub-pixel "X" generates a virtual sub-pixel "Y" through beam deflection. The user sees the sub-pixel "X" at position A for the first time and the virtual sub-pixel "Y" at position A for the second time.

[0050] Preferably, with reference to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , in one embodiment, the display device 10 includes two steering prisms 101. Along the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel 100, the two steering prisms 101 are stacked to form a two-stage cascaded steering prism 102. The two-stage cascaded steering prism 102 is stacked on the side of the polarizer 200 away from the miniLED display panel 100 and can achieve four discrete deflection angles. It should be understood that in other embodiments, the number of steering prisms 101 can also be more than two, and they are stacked in sequence along the light-emitting direction (connected in series) to form a multi-stage cascaded steering prism. Therefore, in this application, the number of steering prisms 101 is not limited.

[0051] Preferably, with reference to Figure 4 , in one embodiment, the display device 10 includes a polarization retarder 500. The polarization retarder 500 is stacked between any two steering prisms 101 to achieve beam deflection in two orthogonal directions. The above design can effectively reduce the influence of polarization fading and phase noise, improve the stability and accuracy of the optical system in the display device 10, thereby enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of the optical system, and performing excellently in anti-polarization fading and noise suppression. It should be understood that without considering the stability of the optical system in the display device 10, in this application, the setting of the polarization retarder 500 is not limited.

[0052] There are many application embodiments for implementing time-division multiplexed pixels using the display device 10 of the first embodiment. The following list several examples of specific display effects for illustration:

[0053] Optionally, with reference to Figure 5 , Figure 5Figure (a) is a front view of the upper left corner of a display panel with an RGB sub-pixel configuration. In the figure, the circles represent sub-pixels, and the letters in their adjacent labels indicate colors, and the numbers indicate the coordinates of the pixel relative to the upper left corner. The squares in the figure represent the positions of the input image pixels (i.e., virtual pixels), which do not coincide with the sub-pixels. The arrows from the squares to the circles indicate possible sub-pixel multiplexing. For example, the input image pixel AB may be implemented by driving the sub-pixels G11, R21, and B12. Figure 5 Figure (b) shows the display content after the steering prism moves the image down by one sub-pixel pitch, as shown by the reference line XX. The movement can take advantage of time-division multiplexing to improve the display resolution. For example, in the content displayed at the second time, B12 occupies the position that was occupied by the sub-pixel G13 at the first time. The pixel position offset shown in the figure is in the vertical direction, but the offset may also be horizontal.

[0054] Optionally, refer to Figure 6 Figure 6 Figure (a) shows the timing diagram of pixels A and B for a single frame period, which consists of two time periods; Figure 6 Figure (b) shows the sub-pixel composition of pixels A and B. Pixel A consists of sub-pixels R21, G11, and B12, and pixel B consists of sub-pixels R43, G33, and B32. In the first time period, the pixel A image addresses B12, while the pixel B image addresses G33 and R43. In the second time period, the pixel A image addresses R21 and G11, and the pixel B image addresses B32. Figure 6 (c) shows the combined image over the entire frame, without considering the influence of other pixels.

[0055] Optionally, refer to Figure 7 Figure 7 Based on a miniLED panel with an RGB pixel distribution and an actual resolution of 0.6 mm, the resolution of its red, green, and blue sub-pixels was analyzed. From Figure 7 Figure (a), it can be seen that the pitch of the red and blue effective pixels is 2 times the sub-pixel pitch. The effective pitch of the green pixels is √2 times the sub-pixel pitch, and the green sub-pixels are located on the matrix diagonal as shown in Figure 7 Figure (b). Based on the characteristics of the human visual system, higher resolution can be obtained by sharing red and blue sub-pixels among multiple pixels. As shown in the figure, the blue sub-pixel Bx and the red sub-pixel Rx together with the green sub-pixel Gx form a complete virtual pixel. According to the driving method of this panel, five possible adjacent pixel combinations are indicated by the triangular dotted areas. In Figure 7 Figure (b), the pitch of the green sub-pixels is √2 times the sub-pixel pitch, but in this case, they are arranged at a 45-degree angle. When using a single-layer steering prism, each perceived pixel is divided into two side-by-side sub-pixels, as shown in​​Figure 6 As shown in (c). Through temporal multiplexing, the resolution of the green image can be improved so that the resolution in both the horizontal and vertical directions is equal to the resolution of the sub-pixels. The reason is that the green sub-pixels are arranged in a "checkerboard" configuration, and the image of the second-time screen is shifted downward by the pitch of one sub-pixel relative to the first-time screen image.

[0056] Optionally, referring to Figure 8 , Figure 8 Figure (a) shows another sub-pixel configuration, taking advantage of the fact that only 2% of the receptors on the retina are sensitive to blue. The 4x4 sub-pixel matrix contains eight green sub-pixels, six red sub-pixels, and two blue sub-pixels, and is repeated throughout the screen area. Figure 8 Figure (b) shows the distribution of the perceived pixels after using a layer of steering prisms. The distribution of the RGB sub-pixel counts is 3:4:1.

[0057] Optionally, referring to Figure 9 , Figure 9 Figure (a) shows, as an example, the sub-pixel configuration of a commercial miniLED display with a 0.4-mm sub-pixel pitch. This configuration uses sub-pixel sharing, where the total number of red and blue sub-pixels is equal to the number of green sub-pixels. This configuration works well in a normal direct-view 2D display because it takes into account the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS). However, the situation is different for 3D displays. In 3D displays, a lenticular lens array or a parallax barrier is used to direct the light of the display in a specific direction. When directly viewing a 2D display, the dark gaps between the sub-pixels may be difficult to detect; however, these gaps can cause obvious artifacts in 3D displays, such as moiré patterns and black bands. To improve the 3D display effect, ideally, the sub-pixels should form continuous light lines to eliminate any gaps, as shown in the example of Figure 9 Figure (b). However, in the selected display panel, the unlit gaps between the sub-pixels are wider than the sub-pixels themselves; in fact, this phenomenon is common in most miniLED display panels. To solve this problem, temporal multiplexing technology can be used to effectively fill these gaps. Figure 9 In Figure (b), within one frame, this effect is achieved by performing 4-step linear translation along an angle of atan(1 / 3) (i.e., 18.4 degrees). This continuous distribution of sub-pixels is particularly important in 3D displays, especially in displays of the radial barrier type, where the tilt angle of the parallax barrier varies by more than 90°.

[0058] Optionally, referring to Figure 10 , Figure 10 clearly demonstrates the advantages of temporal multiplexing, where Figure 10Figure (a) shows the distribution diagram of green sub-pixels of an LED display screen. Figure 10 Figure (b) shows the distribution diagram of high-density green sub-pixels after applying 4-fold time-division multiplexing.

[0059] Preferably, with reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12 , in one embodiment (the second embodiment of the display device 10), in time-division multiplexing display exceeding x2, the turning prism 101 (i.e., the prism unit) includes a turning component 600. The turning component includes a fourth substrate 610, a second active liquid crystal layer 620, and a fifth substrate 630 that are stacked in sequence. The fourth substrate 610 is stacked on the light-emitting surface of the polarizer 200 facing away from the miniLED display panel 100. The second active liquid crystal layer 620 includes a third conductive layer 621, a third liquid crystal layer 622, and a fourth conductive layer 623 that are stacked in sequence. Both the third conductive layer 621 and the fourth conductive layer 623 are indium tin oxide (ITO) conductive thin layers. Among them, a voltage curve required to generate a phase delay of the deflected light wavefront is applied to the third conductive layer 621, so that the turning component 600 realizes continuous variable deflection angle change of polarized light. One turning component 600 can replace the previous multi-stage cascaded turning prism, simplify the structure of the entire turning prism 101, and reduce its thickness and volume. A second liquid crystal alignment layer 624 is also stacked between the third conductive layer 621 and the third liquid crystal layer 622. Here, Figure 11 shows a plan view of the turning component 600, where the output wavefront continuously changes in phase in the width direction of the turning component 600 (perpendicular to the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel 100), so as to change the direction of the outgoing light in a manner similar to a prism. Only one second active liquid crystal layer 620 combined with voltage control can achieve a function similar to that of a multi-layer prism, that is, the turning component 600 has continuous variable analog operation, and only one turning component 600 is required to deflect the light beam to more than two directions. In addition, there is no need to stack and set a separate polarization rotator 300 and a birefringent prism array 400 additionally, which greatly simplifies the structure of the entire display device 10 and reduces its thickness and volume. It should be noted that, without considering the structural size of the entire display device 10, a multi-layer dynamic birefringent turning prism (multi-stage cascaded turning prism) can be used to achieve a time-division multiplexing display effect exceeding x2. It should be noted that, actually, the thickness of the third liquid crystal layer 622 is much smaller than the width of the liquid crystal device unit.

[0060] Among them, the outgoing light passes through the fourth conductive layer 623 continuously and without pattern, and this layer is grounded with a voltage of V0. The third conductive layer 621 is patterned to generate a matrix of multiple units, and a voltage curve required to generate a phase delay of the deflected light wavefront is applied to this layer to achieve a function similar to a prism and deflect the light beam to more than two directions. Specifically, asFigure 12 As shown, the voltage curve profile is a sawtooth wave, which is formed by applying a specific current to the third conductive layer 621. The current is generated by the voltage difference between V1 and V2. The deflection angle is approximately proportional to the phase delay difference between one side and the other side of the liquid crystal layer, and the phase delay difference is roughly proportional to the voltage difference between V1 and V2. The gap between the fourth substrate 610 and the fifth substrate 630 is in the range of several micrometers to dozens of micrometers. The incident light comes from the miniLED display panel 100 and passes through the polarizer 200 because the third liquid crystal layer is only effective for one polarization direction. The proper orientation of the liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the second liquid crystal alignment layer 624 on the third conductive layer 621, and these alignment layers are processed by rubbing or photo-alignment, etc. Preferably, in one embodiment, with reference to Figure 9 - 12 , the third conductive layer 621 includes a plurality of conductive portions 625 (ITO strips). The plurality of conductive portions 625 extend longitudinally and are connected transversely at one end to form a strip-shaped path to increase the resistance of the third conductive layer 621. With a large resistance, the voltage difference between V1 and V2 is large, and the current generated by this voltage difference flows along the path of the conductive portion 635, forming a sawtooth-shaped current path and maintaining the voltage characteristics in the horizontal direction. As shown, the longitudinal direction here refers to the length direction of the third conductive layer 623, and the transverse direction refers to the width direction (the light-emitting direction) of the third conductive layer 623. It should be understood that in this application, the shapes of the third conductive layer 621 and the fourth conductive layer 623 are for increasing the resistance of the third conductive layer 623, and the specific shapes are not limited as long as a voltage can be generated along the length direction of the third conductive layer 623. In other embodiments, it can also be a waveform path.

[0061] Specifically, if the prism unit is square, the resistance (in ohms) of each unit will be equal to the sheet resistance of ITO (in ohms per square). This is because electrical connection must be made across the entire width of two opposite sides to obtain Figure 12 a linear voltage curve. If the width of the rectangular ITO layer is W, the height is L, and the resistivity is S, the resistance R of the ITO layer is given by the following formula:

[0062] R = SW / L (1)

[0063] Since there may be more than one million square liquid crystal cells in parallel, the total current consumed will be too large, resulting in unacceptable heating losses.

[0064] The solution is to change the structure of the prism unit to increase its resistance while maintaining the voltage characteristics in the horizontal direction. Significantly increasing the film resistance is not practical because the ITO layer will become too thin. However, by patterning the ITO into a strip-shaped path, the resistance can be significantly increased, as Figure 13As shown, it is applicable to a 2x4 prism unit matrix. In this example, each prism unit is divided into 11 strips, and this number is represented by N. If the widths of the gaps and the upper and lower turning regions are ignored, then for a square cell, since the path length is N times and the conductive width is 1 / N of the original width, the resistance will increase by approximately N 2 times.

[0065] Figure 13 An embodiment of a zigzag current path of the present invention is shown, in which there are multiple prism units in each column of the display module, and the voltage for driving these units is supplied through horizontal buses. The upper voltage and the lower voltage of these buses are V1 and V2 respectively, and are alternately applied to different buses to minimize the number of opaque conductors in the optical path. The resistance of each unit is proportional to the height of the unit, which is equal to the length L of the vertical ITO strips arranged in a zigzag pattern. The resistance R of each unit can be calculated by the following equation:

[0066] R = SLN 2 / W (2)

[0067] Optionally, referring to Figure 14 , a front view of a possible rectangular prism unit is shown. From voltage V2 to V1, current flows through several ITO strips.

[0068] Optionally, referring to Figure 16 , without interfering with its use, for example, issues such as frequency response, Joule heating effect, electromagnetic interference (EMI), etc., it is recommended to use prism units with the same height as the module because this structure is simpler and only two buses are required for each module; as Figure 16 shown, six modules are shown. This increases the light flux because the opaque conductors are only located at the upper and lower edges of each module. More importantly, the connection is simplified because each module array only needs: ground at 0V, V2, and V1. No external wires are required because these are likely to be seen by the audience. Only two buses, one ground wire, and a small external plug are used without external connectors or wires, which are invisible at the typical viewing distance of a large LED display. For clarity, the figure is greatly simplified; for example, only 3 prism units are shown for each module, while in reality there may be approximately 2000 units

[0069] Optionally, referring to Figure 16 , an example of a method for x4 time division multiplexing using an analog prism steering unit is shown. Figure 16 (a) in shows the "step" waveform applied to the steering prism. Although the non-linear relationship between delay and voltage cannot be fully compensated, by applying the non-linear voltage curve as shown, this effect is mitigated to a certain extent. As Figure 16As shown in (b), four discrete deflection angles can be generated. In fact, non-linear, chromatic aberration effects, and other aberrations can be taken into account by a mapping algorithm that uses the positions of virtual sub-pixels observed through the steering device rather than the actual positions on the display panel. This can be determined by calibrating the system.

[0070] In the embodiment of this application, pixel offset is mainly in the horizontal direction, which means that the improved high resolution is particularly suitable for 3D display applications. In this case, all resolution improvements are in the horizontal direction to match the axis direction between the viewer's eyes. This is very important because although there is no resolution improvement in the vertical direction, this does not result in a loss of overall resolution. In the sub-pixel mapping of 3D displays, in order to match the vertical and horizontal resolutions perceived by the human eye, the vertical resolution is inevitably reduced to some extent. When achieving the required angular resolution, the use of lenticular lenses or parallax barriers sacrifices some horizontal resolution to achieve the desired effect. Figure 16 (c) shows the display situation of multiplexing green sub-pixels horizontally by x4. One advantage of this high-resolution display is that the light passing through the prism array is deflected at the smallest possible angle, thereby improving the angular resolution of the 3D display.

[0071] Figure 17 Schematically shows the system flow chart of the second embodiment of the display device 10 in the working state. The driving device in the display screen drives the display state of the miniLED display panel 100 to be synchronized with the signal driven by the active liquid crystal layer in the steering prism 101 to achieve a high frame rate of the miniLED display panel 100, so as to improve the resolution and display effect of the entire display device 10, and finally output an ultra-high-resolution image to improve the visual effect of the user. Here, the active liquid crystal layer driving structure (the first active liquid crystal layer 320) can be realized by the polarization rotator 300 combined with the birefringent prism array 400 described above; the active liquid crystal layer driving structure (the second active liquid crystal layer 620) can also be directly realized by the steering component 600 combined with the application of a "step" voltage.

[0072] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the terms used are illustrative and exemplary, rather than restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be broadly construed within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device based on miniLED with high resolution, characterized in that, The display device includes a miniLED display panel, a polarizer, and a steering prism that are sequentially stacked. The miniLED display panel is configured to emit light. The polarizer is configured to selectively transmit polarized light in a specific direction. The steering prism is configured to enhance the perceived resolution of the miniLED display panel using the time-division multiplexing principle.

2. The display device based on miniLED with high resolution according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the steering prism includes a polarization rotator and a birefringent prism array. The polarization rotator is configured to change the polarization state of the polarized light. The deflection state change time of the polarization rotator is synchronized with the display state change time of the miniLED display panel, so that the polarization direction of the light beam is synchronized with the display content of the miniLED display panel.

3. The display device based on miniLED with high resolution according to claim 2, characterized in that In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the polarization rotator includes a first substrate, a first active liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate that are sequentially stacked. The first active liquid crystal layer includes a first conductive layer, a first liquid crystal layer, and a second conductive layer that are sequentially stacked. A first liquid crystal alignment layer is further stacked between the first conductive layer and the first liquid crystal layer.

4. The display device based on miniLED with high resolution according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the birefringent prism array includes a prism array, a birefringent material layer, and a third substrate that are sequentially stacked. One side of the prism array facing the third substrate is an uneven surface, and the birefringent material layer is filled between the uneven surface and the third substrate.

5. The display device based on miniLED high resolution according to claim 4, characterized in that, The birefringent material layer is filled with a liquid crystal material to form a second liquid crystal layer.

6. The display device based on miniLED high resolution according to claim 4, wherein The uneven surface is a continuous stepped inclined serrated structure.

7. The display device based on miniLED high resolution according to claim 2, wherein, The display device includes two of the steering prisms. In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the two steering prisms are stacked to form a two-stage cascaded steering prism. The two-stage cascaded steering prism is stacked on the side of the polarizer facing away from the miniLED display panel and can achieve four discrete deflection angles.

8. The display device based on miniLED with high resolution according to claim 7, wherein, The display device includes a polarization retarder. The polarization retarder is stacked between the two steering prisms to achieve deflection of the light beam in two orthogonal directions.

9. The display device based on miniLED high resolution according to claim 1, wherein, In the light-emitting direction of the miniLED display panel, the steering prism includes a steering component. The steering component includes a fourth substrate, a second active liquid crystal layer, and a fifth substrate that are sequentially stacked. The side of the fourth substrate facing away from the second active liquid crystal layer is stacked on the light-emitting surface of the miniLED display panel. The second active liquid crystal layer includes a third conductive layer, a third liquid crystal layer, and a fourth conductive layer that are sequentially stacked. A voltage curve required to generate a phase delay of the deflected light beam wavefront is applied to the third conductive layer. The profile of the voltage curve is in the shape of a sawtooth wave, so that the steering component realizes a continuously variable deflection angle change of the polarized light. A second liquid crystal alignment layer is further stacked between the third conductive layer and the third liquid crystal layer. The fourth conductive layer is grounded.

10. The display device based on miniLED with high resolution according to claim 9, characterized in that, The third conductive layer includes a plurality of conductive portions. The plurality of conductive portions extend longitudinally and are connected transversely to form a strip-shaped path, so as to increase the resistance of the third conductive layer, thereby increasing the voltage difference across the third conductive layer.

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