Power equipment remote operation and maintenance method under virtual mapping

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power operation and maintenance management, in particular to an electric power equipment remote operation and maintenance method under virtual mapping, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring electric power equipment, collecting parameters in real time, and uploading the parameters to a cloud; constructing an analog simulation space, and dynamically simulating a power grid state; a fault decision-making mechanism is introduced, a protection and operation and maintenance strategy is output according to the equipment state, and the strategy is remotely sent to a control terminal, so that the technical problems that mutual influence among equipment in a power grid is complex, the abnormal state of the power equipment cannot be identified and processed in time, chain reaction is caused, and the overall stability of the power grid is influenced are solved; the abnormal state of the equipment is remotely detected and identified, a power equipment protection strategy and a power equipment operation and maintenance strategy are automatically generated, measures are rapidly taken when a fault occurs, the impact of the equipment fault on the whole power grid is reduced, the stability of the power equipment is effectively improved, and the fault is prevented from diffusing in the power grid. And the overall reliability and the emergency response capability of the power grid are enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power operation and maintenance management, and particularly to a remote operation and maintenance method for power equipment under virtual mapping. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of the global energy transformation, the proportion of renewable energy in the power system is increasing continuously. Especially for unstable renewable energy such as photovoltaic and wind energy, under this background, new standards are put forward for the operation and maintenance management of the power system. At present, modern technologies such as the Internet of Things are gradually applied to the operation and maintenance of the power system. However, the operation and maintenance work in the power system mainly relies on periodic on-line inspections, and a certain repair time is still required when facing abnormal equipment states. In addition, in large-scale distributed energy systems such as photovoltaic power stations and wind farms, power equipment is widely distributed and the environment is harsh, and the ability to respond to sudden failures is limited.

[0003] In summary, there are technical problems in the prior art that the mutual influence between devices in the power grid is complex, the abnormal states of power equipment cannot be identified and processed in time, which in turn triggers a chain reaction and affects the overall stability of the power grid. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a remote operation and maintenance method for power equipment under virtual mapping, aiming to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the mutual influence between devices in the power grid is complex, the abnormal states of power equipment cannot be identified and processed in time, which in turn triggers a chain reaction and affects the overall stability of the power grid.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the technical solution of this application is as follows: This application provides a remote operation and maintenance method for power equipment under virtual mapping. Among them, the method includes: monitoring power equipment, collecting real-time operation parameters, and uploading them to the cloud data center in real time; in the cloud data center, setting up a simulation space under virtual mapping in combination with the target power grid topology; based on the simulation space under virtual mapping, synchronously and dynamically simulating power flow, load distribution and the mutual influence between power equipment, and restoring the operation state of power equipment; at the same time, introducing a fault decision-making mechanism, and virtually mapping according to the operation state of the power equipment and the abnormal state of the power equipment to the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer; connecting the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer, and outputting a power equipment protection strategy and a power equipment operation and maintenance strategy, where the power equipment protection strategy is used to minimize the impact of the abnormal state of the power equipment on the stable operation of the power grid; based on the cloud data center, remotely sending the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy to the control terminal.

[0006] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in this application solve the technical problems that the mutual influence between devices in the power grid is complex, the abnormal states of power equipment cannot be recognized and processed in time, leading to a chain reaction and affecting the overall stability of the power grid. It realizes remote detection and identification of the abnormal states of devices, automatically generates protection strategies and operation and maintenance strategies for power equipment, quickly takes measures when a fault occurs, reduces the impact of equipment faults on the entire power grid, effectively improves the stability of power equipment, prevents the spread of faults in the power grid, and enhances the overall reliability and emergency response ability of the power grid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of a method for remote operation and maintenance of power equipment under virtual mapping provided by this application; Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic flowchart of sending a remote operation and maintenance instruction in the method for remote operation and maintenance of power equipment under virtual mapping provided by this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0008] The following specifically describes this application with reference to the drawings. As Figure 1 shown, this application provides a method for remote operation and maintenance of power equipment under virtual mapping. Among them, the method includes: S1: Monitor power equipment, collect real-time operation parameters, and upload them to the cloud data center in real time; S2: In the cloud data center, set up a simulation space under virtual mapping in combination with the target power grid topology; S3: Based on the simulation space under virtual mapping, synchronously and dynamically simulate power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence between power equipment, and restore the operation state of power equipment.

[0009] Specifically, power equipment is used to represent various devices in the power system for transmitting, distributing, and managing electric energy, such as transformers, switchgear, instrument transformers, etc.; real-time operation parameters refer to various data generated by power equipment in real time during operation, such as voltage, current, temperature, frequency, load, etc. These data can reflect the operation state of power equipment; the cloud data center is a remote data storage and computing platform connected through the Internet, used for storing, processing, and analyzing data. The cloud data center can provide powerful computing capabilities and data storage space to support remote monitoring and analysis of the power system; virtual mapping refers to mapping power equipment and the power grid structure to a virtual space for more convenient, intuitive analysis, simulation, and decision-making; the simulation space refers to a power grid operation simulation environment created in the cloud data center based on virtual mapping technology. In the simulation space, various operation states and potential faults of the power system can be simulated to help analyze the behavior of power equipment and the power grid.

[0010] Execution steps: Monitor power equipment, that is, collect various operating parameters of power equipment in real time through means such as sensors and smart metering devices. For example, data such as voltage, current, temperature, and load can be collected in real time through sensors installed on transformers to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of this data; the collected real-time operating parameters will be uploaded to a cloud data center, which can store and process data from different power equipment and provide data support for subsequent simulation and analysis.

[0011] In the cloud data center, by analyzing the overall structure and equipment information of the power grid and combining the topological structure of the target power grid (such as the connection relationships of equipment such as substations, transmission lines, and distribution stations in the power grid), a simulation space under a virtual mapping can be created in the cloud data center. By mapping various types of equipment in the power grid and the power grid topological structure into a model, a virtual power system environment is created. In the power system environment, behaviors such as power flow and load distribution during power grid operation are simulated.

[0012] Power flow refers to the process of power flowing from power generation stations through the transmission grid and distribution grid and finally reaching users. Power flow simulation is to help analyze the operating state of the power grid by calculating the current and voltage distributions at each node of the power grid; load distribution refers to the power load distribution at each node in the power grid (such as substations, distribution stations, user terminals, etc.). By analyzing the load distribution, the load situation and power demand of the power grid can be grasped; the mutual influence between power equipment refers to the interaction relationships between various types of equipment in the power system. For example, the current and voltage relationships between transformers and switchgear, and the impact of load changes on power equipment, etc.; in the simulation space, based on parameters such as power flow and load distribution, the cloud system will perform real-time dynamic power grid simulation.

[0013] Through power flow analysis, determine the flow of power from power generation stations to end users, calculate parameters such as voltage and current at each node to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. For example, through simulation, calculate the load distribution in the current power grid, such as which areas have high loads and which equipment may be overloaded; by simulating different load changes and the mutual influence between power equipment, further restore the operating state of power equipment, that is, accurately reflect whether the power equipment is in normal operation or whether there are potential fault risks. Through this process, dynamically monitor the operating state of power equipment, and when abnormalities occur in the power system, timely feedback relevant information to provide real-time data support for subsequent maintenance, fault diagnosis, protection decision-making, etc.

[0014] S4: Meanwhile, introduce a fault decision-making mechanism, and virtually map the operating state and abnormal state of the power equipment to the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer; S5: Connect the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer, and output the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy, where the power equipment protection strategy is used to minimize the impact of the abnormal state of the power equipment on the stable operation of the power grid; S6: Based on the cloud data center, remotely send the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy to the control terminal.

[0015] Specifically, the fault decision-making mechanism is an intelligent decision-making mechanism used to analyze the operating state and abnormal state of power equipment and make corresponding decisions, aiming to timely identify potential faults of power equipment and take measures to reduce the impact on the stability of the power system; the power equipment protection connection layer is a virtualized layer used to store the protection strategy, emergency response procedures and protection equipment of power equipment, ensuring that when a device fails, the protection mechanism can be automatically triggered to prevent device damage and the expansion of power grid faults; the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer is another virtualized layer used to collect and manage device operation and maintenance information, including maintenance plans, fault repair strategies, operation steps, etc., associated with the actual operation and maintenance operations of power equipment, and helping remote operation and maintenance personnel to make fault diagnosis, scheduling and repair decisions; the power equipment protection strategy is an automated protection measure set for possible fault situations of power equipment (such as overload, short circuit, voltage abnormality, etc.), which can avoid device damage and other devices in the power grid system from being affected to the greatest extent; the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy refers to the maintenance and management strategy set to keep the power equipment running stably, including regular inspections, fault detection, real-time monitoring, maintenance and component replacement, etc.; the control terminal refers to the remote control system or terminal device connected to the power equipment, used to receive data and policy instructions from the cloud and execute relevant operations, such as adjusting device operation parameters or starting the protection mechanism.

[0016] Execution steps: Introduce a fault decision-making mechanism, whose role is to judge whether the device has a fault by analyzing the operating state and abnormal state of the power equipment (such as equipment overload, too high temperature, load fluctuation, etc.), and trigger the corresponding processing mechanism. For example, if the temperature of a certain transformer exceeds the safe range, the fault decision-making mechanism will judge that the device has entered a potential fault state. Based on this, the fault decision-making mechanism will decide whether to start the protection strategy or the operation and maintenance strategy according to the preset criteria or rules. Specifically, the system will virtually map the abnormal state of the power equipment to two virtual connection layers: the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer; the protection connection layer mainly focuses on the quick response to device faults, such as power-off protection and overload protection of the device, while the operation and maintenance connection layer focuses on device fault detection, analysis and repair operations, such as the maintenance instructions of the device by dispatchers.

[0017] When the device enters a faulty or abnormal state, power equipment protection strategies and power equipment operation and maintenance strategies are automatically generated. The protection strategies usually include immediately disconnecting the power supply of the device, switching to standby equipment, restricting the load, etc., to ensure that the fault will not spread further and avoid affecting the stability of other devices or the power grid; the operation and maintenance strategies are long-term maintenance plans generated based on the fault type and device status, including dispatching maintenance personnel, equipment inspection, part replacement, etc. In this way, automatic protection can be provided for power equipment.

[0018] The generated power equipment protection strategies and power equipment operation and maintenance strategies will be sent to the corresponding control terminals through the cloud data center. The control terminals refer to the control equipment of the power dispatching center and the substation; after receiving the instructions, the control terminals will perform corresponding operations according to the strategy requirements. Specifically, the power equipment protection strategies are adjusted in an industrial control optimization manner, rather than immediately taking extreme measures (such as completely cutting off the power or immediately switching the equipment), so as to minimize the interference to the power system and ensure the stable operation of the system. For example, when the temperature of a certain transformer exceeds the preset safety range, it can avoid more serious failures caused by overheating by reducing the load, adjusting the working state of parallel equipment, or temporarily activating the standby cooling system, etc.

[0019] Through the power equipment protection connection layer, the system can execute these industrial control optimization measures, such as adjusting the load of the transformer, regulating the operating temperature, or starting auxiliary equipment, etc., to ensure the stable operation of the equipment and avoid serious damage caused by excessive equipment temperature or abnormal load. At the same time, the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer will generate subsequent operation and maintenance plans, propose maintenance solutions for potential problems of the equipment, such as arranging inspections, equipment maintenance, part replacement, etc. These operation and maintenance strategies not only repair the current abnormal state, but also consider the long-term health of the equipment, and prevent future possible failures through data analysis and prediction.

[0020] Then, the instructions are sent to the corresponding control terminals (such as the control equipment of the power dispatching center, the substation, etc.) through the cloud data center. After receiving the instructions, the control terminals will perform real-time operations according to the strategy requirements. For example, for a transformer with abnormal load, the control terminal will adjust the power load distribution, start the standby power supply equipment, or share the excessive load by adjusting other parts of the power grid to avoid equipment overload or further temperature rise. In the above steps, through the coordinated work of this virtual mapping, fault decision-making mechanism and remote instruction transmission, the protection and operation and maintenance strategies of power equipment can be executed in real time and efficiently, which can not only improve the operation safety and stability of the power grid, ensure the rapid response and handling of power equipment failures, but also ensure the long-term stable operation of the power grid system.

[0021] Furthermore, such asFigure 2 As shown, a fault decision-making mechanism is introduced. The method of this application includes: Based on the fault case database, a fault decision-making mechanism is set up; according to the fault decision-making mechanism, it is judged whether it is in a potential fault state based on the abnormal state response of the power equipment, and the abnormal state response includes temperature abnormality and load abnormality; when the power equipment is in a potential fault state, a remote operation and maintenance instruction is sent, and the remote operation and maintenance instruction is used to activate the control terminal.

[0022] Specifically, the fault case database is a database integrating the historical fault data of power equipment and relevant fault handling experiences, and contains information such as the responses, handling methods, repair times, and influence ranges of different types of equipment under various fault conditions; the abnormal state response refers to that during the operation of power equipment, some parameters (such as temperature, load, vibration, etc.) are detected to deviate from the normal range, and these abnormal responses are the basis for the fault decision-making mechanism to judge the potential faults of the equipment; the potential fault state refers to that although the power equipment has not had a clear fault, its operating state has been abnormal or critical, and continuous stay in the potential fault state for a period of time will lead to the occurrence of a fault. For example, the equipment temperature is too high or the load fluctuates abnormally. Although the equipment is not directly damaged, these are all signs of potential faults; the control terminal is a physical device connected to the power equipment and the remote operation and maintenance system, and usually includes a control panel, a data interface, and a communication module. The control terminal receives instructions from the remote system and performs necessary operations, such as starting a protection mechanism and adjusting the equipment working mode.

[0023] Execute the steps: establish a fault case database, which stores the coping strategies and handling experiences of power equipment under different fault conditions. For example, for the overload fault of a transformer, the case database records the temperature change trend of the transformer during overload, common overload thresholds, how to adjust the load, and whether it is necessary to switch to standby equipment. The fault case database will be used as the basic data for the fault decision-making mechanism to help the system identify faults.

[0024] The fault decision-making mechanism is an intelligent decision-making process used to judge whether there is a fault risk in the equipment based on the operating state and abnormal indicators of the equipment; through the fault case database, the system can learn and accumulate common fault patterns, automatically judge whether the equipment is in a potential fault state, and decide whether protection measures need to be taken; during the execution of the fault decision-making mechanism, by monitoring the state of the power equipment in real time, for abnormal state responses, such as abnormal temperature of the equipment (such as the transformer temperature exceeding the safety value) and abnormal load (such as large load fluctuations), these abnormalities are usually indicators of potential faults; if the system monitors that some indicators of the equipment deviate from the normal working range, the fault decision-making mechanism will automatically judge whether the equipment is in a potential fault state. For example, if the temperature of the transformer continuously exceeds the set value for 10 minutes, it is considered that the equipment is in a potential fault state.

[0025] Once the system determines that the power equipment has entered the potential fault state, an automated remote operation and maintenance instruction will be triggered. The remote operation and maintenance instruction refers to an instruction issued by the cloud or the central system, aiming to control the power equipment to perform certain operations, such as power-off, parameter adjustment, or activation of the protection mechanism, which can be sent to the on-site control terminal through the network and execute the corresponding operations; the remote operation and maintenance instruction can include activating the protection mechanism of the equipment (such as disconnecting the power supply, starting the cooling system, etc.). At the same time, it instructs the control terminal to perform the corresponding protection operation. For example, when the temperature is abnormal, the system instructs the control terminal to start the cooling device; if the load is abnormal, the system instructs the control terminal to limit the equipment load or switch to the standby power supply. The remote operation and maintenance instruction is immediately transmitted to the device side and executed to ensure the reliable operation of the power system and maximize the avoidance of further damage to the equipment or affecting the stability of the power grid. When a potential fault occurs in the equipment, through the introduction of the fault decision-making mechanism and the remote operation and maintenance instruction, the intelligent and remote management of the power equipment is realized.

[0026] Furthermore, the method of the present application further includes: The simulation space includes a transformer mapping unit, a switchgear mapping unit, and an instrument transformer mapping unit; through the potential fault state, priority sorting is performed to obtain a fault decision sequence; the transformer mapping unit, the switchgear mapping unit, and the instrument transformer mapping unit in the simulation space are connected to classify the potential fault state and add fault type labels; based on the fault decision sequence and the fault type labels, the remote operation and maintenance instruction is generated.

[0027] Specifically, the simulation space refers to a simulation area established in a virtual environment to simulate a power equipment and its interconnection relationship. Based on the power grid topology structure, it can real-time simulate the power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence between equipment, so as to realize the dynamic simulation and monitoring of the operation state of the power equipment; the transformer mapping unit is a module in the simulation space, used to correspond to the transformer in the real power equipment in the virtual environment. The transformer mapping unit receives real-time data (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) from the actual transformer and performs simulation calculations to reflect the working state and possible faults of the transformer; the switchgear mapping unit is another module in the simulation space, used to reflect the operation of the switchgear (such as circuit breakers, load switches, etc.) in the power system. Through the simulation model, the switch state, current load change, etc. of the switchgear are simulated to monitor the equipment state and control instructions in real time; the instrument transformer mapping unit is used to simulate the working state of the instrument transformer (such as current transformer, instrument transformer, etc.), and is responsible for converting the electrical data (such as current, voltage, etc.) of the instrument transformer in the actual power system into virtual signals for dynamic simulation and monitoring in the simulation space.

[0028] Execution steps: Based on the actual operation data of power equipment and the topological structure of the power grid, a virtual mapping environment is created in the simulation space. In this space, power equipment (such as transformers, switchgear, instrument transformers) will have corresponding mapping units. These mapping units receive data from real devices and reflect the device status in real time. Specifically, the transformer mapping unit converts the electrical parameters of the transformer (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.) into virtual signals, the switchgear mapping unit simulates information such as the switch status and load of the device, and the instrument transformer mapping unit processes the signal conversion and mapping of current and voltage.

[0029] The potential fault state refers to the abnormal operation state of power equipment. Although it may not directly cause a fault, it has a risk of failure. For example, the equipment temperature exceeding the safety threshold, abnormal load, etc. may all indicate that the equipment is about to fail. Further, when the equipment enters the potential fault state, such as unstable current, too high equipment temperature, etc., the system will analyze these abnormal states through the fault decision-making mechanism and generate a fault decision sequence. The fault decision sequence refers to a series of decision-making steps or instructions generated after prioritizing various faults based on the potential fault state of the equipment. The order of these instructions is arranged based on the urgency and impact scope of each fault to ensure that the most serious or dangerous fault is handled first; the fault decision sequence will be sorted according to the urgency of the fault, the possible impact, and the priority of handling. For example, the high-temperature abnormality of the transformer may be given priority for handling because the high-temperature abnormality of the transformer has a certain probability of causing serious damage to the equipment or even triggering a large-scale power failure.

[0030] The fault type label is a way to classify and label the faults that occur in power equipment. By setting labels for different fault modes, specific types of faults can be quickly identified and processed. Specifically, the fault type label is added to different potential fault states. For example, too high temperature can be labeled as a high-temperature fault, and overload can be labeled as an abnormal load. In this way, each fault state has a clear classification label, which is convenient for subsequent fault handling and response.

[0031] After completing the classification of fault types, combined with the fault decision sequence and the fault type label, corresponding remote operation and maintenance instructions are generated. The remote operation and maintenance instructions include specific operations on the equipment, such as starting the protection mechanism, restricting the equipment load, or directly switching to the standby equipment. For example, if the temperature of the transformer is too high, the system issues an instruction to start the cooling device or reduce the load, thus avoiding damage to the transformer, ensuring the safe operation of the power equipment, and preventing the expansion of the fault.

[0032] Remote operation and maintenance instructions are operation commands sent by a cloud data system or a monitoring platform to a field control terminal, used to trigger specific device protection actions or operation and maintenance tasks. Remote operation and maintenance instructions usually include enabling or disabling certain devices, adjusting the operating state of devices, etc. Subsequently, the remote operation and maintenance instructions will be transmitted to the field control terminal through the cloud system and executed by the control terminal. The control terminal will perform necessary operations on the devices according to the instructions, such as adjusting device settings and starting a backup system. Through the close cooperation of the simulation space and the fault decision-making mechanism, the intelligent monitoring and remote operation and maintenance of power equipment are realized.

[0033] Furthermore, for synchronously dynamically simulating the power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence among power equipment to restore the operating state of power equipment, the method of this application further includes: Collecting power data through photovoltaic power generation components and adding operation state marks; virtually mapping the power data with operation state marks to the simulation space and adding external mapping nodes; based on the external mapping nodes, combining the first internal mapping nodes corresponding to the transformer mapping unit, the second internal mapping nodes corresponding to the switchgear mapping unit, and the third internal mapping nodes corresponding to the instrument transformer mapping unit to establish a target power grid model, where the target power grid model includes a power equipment protection connection layer and a power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer.

[0034] Specifically, a photovoltaic power generation component is a device that converts solar energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. The photovoltaic panel generates current by absorbing sunlight and provides renewable energy to the power system. Each photovoltaic power generation component generates real-time power data, such as voltage, current, power, etc. The operation state mark refers to the real-time record and identification of the device state, usually by collecting key parameters of power equipment (such as current, temperature, power, etc.) to judge the health status of the device. If the device is in normal operation, it is marked as normal. If abnormalities occur (such as overload, overheat, etc.), it is marked as abnormal or faulty. The external mapping node refers to a node in the virtual simulation space used to map and represent input data from external devices (such as photovoltaic power generation components), which is an interface for importing the power data of photovoltaic power generation components into the simulation space and associating with the simulation models of other power equipment. The internal mapping node is a node in the virtual simulation space representing power equipment (such as transformers, switchgears, instrument transformers, etc.), which is an interface connected to external devices and can receive data from external devices and perform internal simulation calculations. The target power grid model refers to a power grid model constructed based on the simulation space, including various power equipment (such as transformers, switchgears, instrument transformers, etc.) and the connections among power equipment, reflecting the interconnection relationship, power flow, load distribution, and other characteristics of power equipment in actual operation.

[0035] Execution steps: Collect real-time power data of photovoltaic power generation components, including relevant parameters such as voltage, current, and power. During the power generation process, photovoltaic power generation components will output these data in real-time and attach corresponding operation status marks to indicate the working status of the equipment. Under normal circumstances, the equipment is marked as normal; if there are problems with the photovoltaic components (such as a decrease in output power), it is marked as abnormal. Virtually map the photovoltaic power data with operation status marks to the simulation space. During this process, the photovoltaic power generation data is transmitted to the simulation space through external mapping nodes and connected to the power equipment models in the simulation space. These external mapping nodes can receive real-time data from photovoltaic power generation components and transmit it to the corresponding equipment nodes in the simulation space. At this time, the photovoltaic data has become part of the simulation space and can be comprehensively simulated and analyzed with the status of other equipment.

[0036] The simulation system will associate the photovoltaic power generation components with other power equipment based on external mapping nodes. The specific operation is to combine the external nodes with the internal mapping nodes of equipment such as transformer mapping units, switchgear mapping units, and instrument transformer mapping units. For example, the data of the photovoltaic power generation components is connected to the internal mapping nodes of the transformer through external mapping nodes, thus forming a complete power grid model. In the target power grid model, the working status, current, voltage, etc. of the transformer are associated with the power data of photovoltaic power generation, which can reflect the working status of the equipment and the power flow situation at the same time.

[0037] Through the connection of these internal mapping nodes, the system establishes a complete target power grid model, which includes the connection of all power equipment (such as transformers, switchgear, instrument transformers, etc.) and their protection layers and operation and maintenance layers. Among them, the power equipment protection connection layer refers to the layer where the power equipment protection mechanism is located, which is responsible for protecting the power equipment to prevent the equipment from being damaged due to faults or abnormal states. The power equipment protection connection layer will monitor the operation status of the equipment in real-time and output power equipment protection strategies when abnormalities occur. The power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer refers to the operation and maintenance management layer that connects the power equipment and is responsible for handling the operation, maintenance, repair, etc. of the equipment. The power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer will monitor the operation status of the equipment in real-time and output power equipment operation and maintenance strategies when abnormalities occur. In the above steps, by establishing a target power grid model including the power equipment protection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance layer, the simulation system can dynamically simulate the power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence between power equipment, thus accurately restoring the operation status of power equipment and analyzing the operation status of the entire power grid through the virtual simulation space, thereby improving the intelligent management level of the power system and ensuring the stable operation of the power grid and the timely response to faults.

[0038] Furthermore, when establishing the target power grid model, the method of this application further includes: Introduce external influencing factors, where the external influencing factors include fluctuations in light intensity; obtain the first operation control parameter corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter and the second operation control parameter corresponding to the energy storage unit; based on the external influencing factors, in combination with the first operation control parameter and the second operation control parameter, set a power grid stability impact set, and the power grid stability impact set is used to drive the update of the target power grid model.

[0039] Specifically, the external influencing factors refer to external environmental factors that affect the stability and operation status of the power grid, including natural factors such as fluctuations in light intensity. The change in light intensity directly affects the output power of photovoltaic power generation, and thus affects the power balance and stability of the power grid. The photovoltaic inverter is an important device that converts the direct current generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into alternating current. Its operation control parameters include output power, frequency, voltage, etc. By monitoring these control parameters, the operation status of the inverter can be adjusted to ensure its compatibility and stability with the power grid. The energy storage unit (such as a battery energy storage system) is used to store the excess electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation for release when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient. The operation control parameters of the energy storage unit usually include the power, capacity, voltage, etc. of battery charging and discharging.

[0040] Execute the steps: Introduce external influencing factors, where the external influencing factors include fluctuations in light intensity. Fluctuations in light intensity are an important influencing factor for the photovoltaic power generation system because the intensity of light directly determines the power generation of photovoltaic modules. For example, on sunny days, the power generation of photovoltaic power is relatively high, while on cloudy days or when there is cloud cover, the power generation will decrease significantly. To accurately simulate this change, the system will take fluctuations in light intensity as an external input factor and incorporate it into the simulation process of the target power grid model.

[0041] Obtain the operation control parameters of the photovoltaic inverter and the operation control parameters of the energy storage unit. The control parameters of the photovoltaic inverter usually include output power, voltage, frequency, etc. These parameters will be automatically adjusted according to the change in light intensity. For example, when the light intensity is low, the photovoltaic inverter will reduce the output power to avoid too high output voltage affecting the power grid. The control parameters of the energy storage unit include the charging and discharging power, voltage, and remaining power of the battery. The changes in these control parameters are key factors for the update of the power grid model. Especially when the photovoltaic power generation is insufficient, the energy storage unit will provide the necessary power support.

[0042] Based on these external influencing factors and the operating control parameters of the photovoltaic inverter and energy storage unit, a power grid stability impact set is set up. The power grid stability impact set refers to a set of data used to describe the impact of external factors (such as light intensity fluctuations) on the power grid stability. These data can be used as input parameters to affect the adjustment and update of the power grid model, thereby helping to evaluate the power grid stability under different scenarios. The power grid stability impact set is used to reflect the impact of factors such as light intensity fluctuations and the state of the energy storage unit on the power grid stability. For example, if the light intensity suddenly drops, the photovoltaic power generation will decrease significantly, and the power grid may face a power gap. At this time, the energy storage unit may need to release electrical energy to make up for the shortage. The power grid stability impact set records the combined effects of factors such as light changes and energy storage charge and discharge, providing necessary parameter support for the update of the power grid model.

[0043] Based on the above-mentioned power grid stability impact set, drive the update of the target power grid model. The update of the target power grid model refers to the real-time adjustment and update of the calculation results of the power grid model based on the current power grid state, external factors, and changes in equipment operating parameters to reflect the new power grid state. Updating the target power grid model helps to simulate the performance of the power grid under different operating conditions and predict potential faults or instability factors. Further, the power grid model will be adjusted according to the externally collected real-time data (such as light intensity, battery charge and discharge status, etc.) and operating control parameters. For example, if the light intensity fluctuates greatly, the target power grid model will update key indicators such as power flow and load distribution by simulating the changes in photovoltaic power generation and the response of the energy storage unit, so as to reflect the latest operating state of the power grid. Through these steps, the operating state of the power grid can be obtained in real time, and the power grid model can be quickly adjusted under the change of external factors to ensure the stability and safety of the power grid.

[0044] Furthermore, the power grid stability impact set is used to drive the update of the target power grid model. The method of this application includes: Set the first update sub-cycle through the external influencing factors; set the second update sub-cycle through the first operating control parameter and the second operating control parameter; combine the first update sub-cycle and the second update sub-cycle according to the power grid voltage fluctuation and the power grid frequency fluctuation to obtain the preset update cycle of the target power grid model.

[0045] Specifically, the first update sub-cycle refers to the time period during which the power grid model is updated based on external influencing factors (such as light intensity, temperature, etc.). During this time period, the system will make a preliminary adjustment to the power grid model to adapt to the changes in environmental factors. For example, if the light intensity fluctuates greatly, the system will update the operating status of the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage units during this sub-cycle to ensure the stability of the power grid; the second update sub-cycle is the time period during which the power grid model is updated based on the operating control parameters of power grid equipment (such as photovoltaic inverters, energy storage units, etc.). During the second update sub-cycle, the system will further adjust the power grid model according to the actual operating conditions of the equipment (such as the charge and discharge status of the battery, changes in voltage and frequency) to optimize the power flow and load distribution and ensure the continuous and stable operation of the power grid; the preset update cycle is the model update cycle set after combining the first update sub-cycle and the second update sub-cycle according to key indicators such as voltage fluctuations and frequency fluctuations of the power grid. The preset update cycle is used to guide the update frequency of the power grid model in different time periods, so as to ensure that the power grid is always in the optimal operating state. Usually, when the power grid stability requirement is high, the update cycle is shorter; while during the period when the power grid operates relatively stably, the update cycle is longer.

[0046] Execution steps: By introducing external influencing factors (such as light intensity fluctuations, temperature changes, etc.), the system will set the first update sub-cycle. The goal of the first update sub-cycle is to make a preliminary adjustment to the power grid model according to environmental factors to ensure that the power grid can adapt to the fluctuations of the external environment. For example, the change in light intensity directly affects the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system. If the light intensity changes sharply in a short period of time, the power output of the photovoltaic power generation will change accordingly. The system needs to quickly adjust the power grid model during the first update sub-cycle to compensate for the power gap caused by the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation and maintain the stability of the power grid.

[0047] The second update sub-cycle is set through the first operating control parameter and the second operating control parameter (such as the output power of the photovoltaic inverter, the charge and discharge status of the energy storage unit). During the second update sub-cycle, the power grid model will be adjusted according to the operating control parameters of the equipment. For example, the energy storage unit will automatically adjust the charge and discharge power according to the change of the photovoltaic power generation to compensate for the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation, and the photovoltaic inverter will also adjust the output power according to the real-time voltage and current changes to ensure that the output power matches the power grid demand. At this time, the update of the second update sub-cycle focuses on the optimization at the equipment level to improve the power grid stability and the reliability of power supply.

[0048] According to the voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid, the first update sub-cycle and the second update sub-cycle are merged to obtain the preset update cycle of the power grid model. The voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation of the power grid are key indicators of the power grid stability. By monitoring these two indicators, the system can determine whether the operating state of the power grid is within the normal range. Further, when the voltage and frequency fluctuations of the power grid exceed the predetermined range, the system will adjust the merging strategy of the first update sub-cycle and the second update sub-cycle to obtain the preset update cycle. For example, if the power grid frequency fluctuation is large, it means that the power grid load is unbalanced, and the system will shorten the update cycle to perform more frequent model updates to ensure that the power grid can adjust the operating parameters in time, so that the power grid can return to stability in a short time; when the power grid is relatively stable, the system can extend the update cycle and reduce the frequency of model updates to improve the calculation efficiency.

[0049] Exemplarily, in a photovoltaic power generation system, with the change of light intensity, the power generation power of photovoltaic power generation may drop rapidly at some moments, resulting in insufficient power supply. In the first update sub-cycle, the system quickly adjusts the output power of the photovoltaic inverter based on the change of light intensity, and at the same time starts the discharge mode of the energy storage unit to make up for the power gap. During this process, the energy storage unit will charge and discharge according to the remaining battery power and the power grid load to stabilize the power grid output power. At the same time, based on the second operating control parameter, the system will further optimize the power flow according to the actual operating states of the photovoltaic inverter and the energy storage unit to ensure power balance. Through these steps, the system can flexibly adjust the update cycle of the power grid model according to external factors and the operating states of devices, so as to achieve the efficient and stable operation of the power grid.

[0050] Furthermore, to obtain the preset update cycle of the target power grid model, the method of this application further includes: Based on the preset update cycle, after each iterative update, the power grid stability index is re-evaluated; meanwhile, during the iterative update process, with the power grid stability index as a constraint condition, the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy are iteratively optimized.

[0051] Specifically, the power grid stability index is a comprehensive index used to evaluate the stability and reliability of the power grid. It is usually calculated based on the comprehensive calculation of parameters such as the voltage, frequency fluctuation, load distribution, and equipment operation status of the power grid. Generally speaking, the higher the power grid stability index, the better the stability of the power grid. On the contrary, it indicates that the power grid faces the risk of instability. The power grid stability index is used as a constraint condition in the iterative optimization process to ensure that the power grid will not be in an unstable state when adjusting the equipment protection strategy and operation and maintenance strategy; the power equipment protection strategy refers to a series of protection measures taken to avoid the expansion of faults and cause greater impact on the power grid system when the power equipment appears in an abnormal state, including adjusting the load distribution, enabling standby equipment, etc.; the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy refers to the strategy of regularly monitoring, maintaining, and optimizing and adjusting the power equipment.

[0052] Execution steps: After obtaining the preset update period, enter the iterative update stage of the power grid model. The preset update period has been set based on external influencing factors and equipment operation parameters. For example, based on factors such as light intensity, temperature change, and load fluctuation, determine the update time frequency. Each iterative update means that the power grid model has undergone an adjustment during this period. The purpose is to ensure that the power grid can adapt to new external and internal condition changes. Through this periodic update, the power grid model can timely reflect the actual operation state of the power grid.

[0053] After each iterative update, the power grid stability index will be re-evaluated. The calculation basis of the power grid stability index includes factors such as voltage fluctuation, frequency fluctuation, and load change. For example, assume that a part of the load of the power grid suddenly increases. The system will automatically update the power grid model and calculate the new stability index by calculating the impact of these new changes on the power grid stability; if the voltage fluctuation intensifies or the frequency fluctuation exceeds the set range during this update process, the stability index will decrease, indicating that there is a potential risk in the stability of the power grid and triggering the fault decision-making mechanism.

[0054] However, under normal circumstances, the power grid stability index should tend to increase because it is optimized and adjusted according to the feedback information of each iteration. For example, when the system finds that the load of a certain substation is too heavy, it will adjust the load distribution in this area, enable standby power supplies, or adjust the equipment operation parameters, thereby improving the stability of the power grid. During this process, the protection strategy and operation and maintenance strategy of the power equipment will be dynamically optimized according to the change of the power grid stability index. The goal is to keep the power grid stability index at a high level to prevent overload, equipment damage, or large-scale power outages.

[0055] During this iterative update process, the protection strategy and operation and maintenance strategy of power equipment are adjusted along with the fluctuations of the grid stability index. If it is found in a certain iteration that the grid stability index decreases, the system will adjust the protection strategy in a timely manner according to the specific operating status of power equipment (such as too high equipment temperature, too large current). Specific measures include adjusting the equipment load, enabling standby equipment, restricting the working load of certain equipment, etc. These protection strategies help relieve the pressure on the grid load and prevent more serious faults in the grid.

[0056] At the same time, the operation and maintenance strategy of power equipment will also be optimized synchronously. For example, if voltage fluctuations occur in a certain part of the grid due to excessive load, the system can arrange to inspect and repair the equipment in this area, or replace equipment components according to requirements. These adjustments to the operation and maintenance strategy are also based on the changes in the grid stability index to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0057] Through the dynamic optimization process based on the grid stability index, after each iterative update, not only the stability of the grid is re-evaluated, but also the protection strategy and operation and maintenance strategy of power equipment are adjusted according to the evaluation results, so as to achieve continuous optimization of power equipment and the grid. In the above steps, through the optimization of each update cycle, the system can ensure that the grid always operates in a stable state, while also maximizing the efficiency and security of the grid.

[0058] Furthermore, based on the preset update cycle, after each iterative update, the grid stability index is re-evaluated. The method of this application includes: Grid voltage fluctuation calculation formula: , where is used to represent the grid voltage fluctuation, is the voltage at the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the voltage, is the total number of voltage measurement points; Grid frequency fluctuation calculation formula: , where is used to represent the grid frequency fluctuation, is the frequency at the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the frequency, is the total number of frequency measurement points; Grid stability index , where and are weight coefficients used to balance the influence of voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation on the grid stability.

[0059] Specifically, the grid voltage fluctuation calculation formula is used to calculate the voltage fluctuation degree at each measurement point in the grid. Generally, the grid voltage fluctuation will change with factors such as load changes and power generation fluctuations. Based on the difference between the voltage at each measurement point and the average voltage, it reflects the voltage fluctuation situation of the grid at that location; the grid frequency fluctuation calculation formula is used to calculate the frequency fluctuation degree at each measurement point in the grid. The frequency fluctuation of the grid is usually affected by the imbalance between power generation and load. Similar to the voltage fluctuation, it is based on the difference between the actual frequency and the average frequency at the frequency measurement point.

[0060] Execution steps: After each update cycle ends, the operating state of the grid will change to a certain extent, especially the fluctuations in voltage and frequency. These fluctuations will directly affect the stability of the grid. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately calculate and comprehensively evaluate these fluctuations. Specifically, establish the grid voltage fluctuation calculation formula: , at each measurement point in the grid, the system will collect voltage data and compare the voltage at each measurement point with the average voltage to establish the grid frequency fluctuation calculation formula: , at each measurement point in the grid, the system will collect frequency data and compare the frequency at each measurement point with the average frequency.

[0061] Then, substitute it into the grid stability index calculation formula: , where and is a weight coefficient between 0 and 1, used to adjust the importance of voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation in the grid stability evaluation. The grid stability index is obtained through weighted calculation of voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation , the grid stability index characterizes the overall stability of the grid during this update cycle. Establish the grid stability index calculation formula, and synchronously calculate the grid stability index during the iterative optimization process of the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy, so as to effectively reduce the operation risk of the grid and ensure the long-term stable operation of the power system.

[0062] In summary, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of this application are: 1. Through virtual mapping and real-time monitoring, accurately restore the operating state of power equipment, realize remote real-time monitoring and rapid diagnosis, and improve the accuracy and response speed of equipment operation and maintenance.

[0063] 2. Under virtual mapping, by real-time simulating grid operation conditions such as power flow and load distribution, the dynamic adjustment and optimization of the power system stability can be realized, ensuring the stability of the grid under various loads and conditions.

[0064] 3. Based on the fault decision-making mechanism, it can respond promptly to potential faults and initiate fault protection strategies, thereby minimizing the impact of faults on the power system to the greatest extent.

[0065] 4. Through the virtual mapping and simulation of power equipment, it can further enhance the self-regulation ability of the power system, adjust the power grid dispatching strategy in real time, and improve the system's response ability to power fluctuations and load changes.

[0066] 5. Due to the adoption of the power grid voltage fluctuation calculation formula: , where is used to characterize the power grid voltage fluctuation, is the voltage at the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the voltage, is the total number of voltage measurement points; the power grid frequency fluctuation calculation formula: , where is used to characterize the power grid frequency fluctuation, is the frequency at the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the frequency, is the total number of frequency measurement points; the power grid stability index , where and are weight coefficients used to balance the impact of voltage fluctuation and frequency fluctuation on the power grid stability. By establishing the power grid stability index calculation formula, the power grid stability index is calculated synchronously during the iterative optimization of the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy, thereby effectively reducing the operation risk of the power grid and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the power system.

[0067] In summary, any step can be stored as computer instructions or programs in an unrestricted computer memory and can be called and recognized by an unrestricted computer processor, without any additional restrictions here.

[0068] Furthermore, the above technical solutions only reflect the preferred technical solutions of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application. Some changes that those skilled in the art may make to some parts thereof all reflect the principles of the novel embodiments of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A remote operation and maintenance method for power equipment under virtual mapping, characterized in that The method includes: Monitoring power equipment, collecting real-time operation parameters, and uploading them to the cloud data center in real time; In the cloud data center, setting up a simulation space under virtual mapping in combination with the target power grid topology; Based on the simulation space under virtual mapping, synchronously and dynamically simulating power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence between power equipment, and restoring the operation state of power equipment; Meanwhile, introducing a fault decision-making mechanism, and virtually mapping the operation state and abnormal state of the power equipment to the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer; Connecting the power equipment protection connection layer and the power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer, and outputting a power equipment protection strategy and a power equipment operation and maintenance strategy, where the power equipment protection strategy is used to minimize the impact of the abnormal state of the power equipment on the stable operation of the power grid; Based on the cloud data center, remotely sending the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy to the control terminal.

2. The remote operation and maintenance method of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that Introducing a fault decision-making mechanism, the method includes: Setting up a fault decision-making mechanism based on a fault case library; According to the fault decision-making mechanism, judging whether it is in a potential fault state based on the abnormal state response of the power equipment, and the abnormal state response includes temperature abnormality and load abnormality; When the power equipment is in a potential fault state, sending a remote operation and maintenance instruction, and the remote operation and maintenance instruction is used to activate the control terminal.

3. The remote operation and maintenance method of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 2, characterized in that The simulation space includes a transformer mapping unit, a switchgear mapping unit, and a current transformer mapping unit; Performing priority sorting through the potential fault state to obtain a fault decision sequence; Connecting the transformer mapping unit, the switchgear mapping unit, and the current transformer mapping unit in the simulation space, classifying the potential fault state, and adding a fault type label; Generating the remote operation and maintenance instruction based on the fault decision sequence and the fault type label.

4. The remote operation and maintenance method of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that, Synchronously and dynamically simulating power flow, load distribution, and the mutual influence between power equipment, and restoring the operation state of power equipment, the method further includes: Collecting power data through a photovoltaic power generation component and adding an operation state mark; Virtually mapping the power data with an operation state mark to the simulation space and adding an external mapping node; Based on the external mapping node, combining the first internal mapping node corresponding to the transformer mapping unit, the second internal mapping node corresponding to the switchgear mapping unit, and the third internal mapping node corresponding to the current transformer mapping unit, and establishing a target power grid model, where the target power grid model includes a power equipment protection connection layer and a power equipment operation and maintenance connection layer.

5. The remote operation and maintenance method of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that, Establishing a target power grid model, the method further includes: Introducing external influencing factors, and the external influencing factors include light intensity fluctuations; Obtaining the first operation control parameter corresponding to the photovoltaic inverter and the second operation control parameter corresponding to the energy storage unit; Based on the external influencing factors, combining the first operation control parameter and the second operation control parameter, setting up a power grid stability impact set, and the power grid stability impact set is used to drive the update of the target power grid model.

6. The method for remote operation and maintenance of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 5, wherein, The power grid stability impact set is used to drive the update of the target power grid model, the method includes: Set a first update sub - period through the external influencing factors; Set a second update sub - period through the first operation control parameter and the second operation control parameter; Based on the power grid voltage fluctuation and the power grid frequency fluctuation, merge the first update sub - period and the second update sub - period to obtain the preset update period of the target power grid model.

7. The method for remote operation and maintenance of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 6, wherein, Obtain the preset update period of the target power grid model, and the method further includes: Based on the preset update period, re - evaluate the power grid stability index after each iterative update; Meanwhile, during the iterative update process, with the power grid stability index as a constraint condition, iteratively optimize the power equipment protection strategy and the power equipment operation and maintenance strategy.

8. The remote operation and maintenance method of power equipment under virtual mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that Based on the preset update period, re - evaluate the power grid stability index after each iterative update, and the method includes: Calculation formula for grid voltage fluctuation: , where is used to characterize the grid voltage fluctuation, is the voltage at the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the voltage, is the total number of voltage measurement points; Grid frequency fluctuation calculation formula: , where is used to characterize the grid frequency fluctuation, is the frequency of the i-th measurement point, is the average value of the frequencies, is the total number of frequency measurement points; Power grid stability index , where and are weighting coefficients used to balance the impact of voltage fluctuations and frequency fluctuations on the power grid stability.

Images