Pilot protection nanometer relay

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nanometer relays, in particular to a pilot protection nanometer relay which comprises a pilot protection nanometer relay body and a chip, and the pilot protection nanometer relay body comprises a sampling value module, a data processing module, a logic judgment module, a time management module and a communication management module. The communication management module is composed of a signal sending sub-module, a signal analysis sub-module, a clock synchronization verification sub-module and the like, the pilot protection nanometer relay architecture can adapt to pilot protection of different principles, the applicability is enhanced on the premise that the quick action is guaranteed, the pilot protection nanometer relay architecture is a protection general architecture, and the safety of the pilot protection nanometer relay architecture is improved. The pilot protection nanometer relay is suitable for single-terminal protection and multi-terminal protection, the flexibility is high, and compared with an off-chip serial structure interaction mode, the pilot protection nanometer relay performs information interaction through a high-speed bus and a chip, so that the correctness and transmission efficiency of data transmission in the chip can be effectively improved, and the safety performance of a power business function is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nano relays, and particularly to a pilot protection nano relay. Background Technique

[0002] Relay protection is the first line of defense for the safe operation of the power grid and a key technical means to ensure the stability of the power grid and the safety of power equipment. With the development and application of computer technology, relay protection technology has fully entered the era of microcomputer protection. Microcomputer protection abstracts relays into algorithms and uses software program logic to achieve control protection. It has the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, strong programmable ability, and convenient maintenance and debugging. It is currently widely used in power grids of various voltage levels. With the development and construction of new power systems and digital technologies, a large number of broadband high-precision sensors and electronic power equipment are connected to the power grid, posing requirements for protection devices such as microsecond-level real-time processing and synchronous calculation under a hundred-megabit traffic or network storm, and fast tripping under fault current tolerance of power electronic equipment.

[0003] However, there are still some deficiencies in the existing nano relays. The internal sub-module structure of the existing nano relays, the connection method between sub-module structures, and even the connection method between multiple nano relays are all fixed, severely restricting the flexibility of the nano relays to implement service functions. Moreover, the distance protection of the existing nano relays is generally used in power grids with a voltage level of 110 kV and belongs to single-ended quantity protection. In power grids with a voltage level of 220 kV and above, pilot protection is double-ended quantity protection. However, the existing distance protection nano relay architecture lacks a communication module and is difficult to adapt to the double-ended quantity protection scenario. In addition, if each type of protection requires a nano relay architecture, it will greatly increase the development cost and application flexibility of nano relays. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pilot protection nano relay to solve the problems raised in the above background technique.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pilot protection nano-relay includes a pilot protection nano-relay body and a chip. The pilot protection nano-relay body includes a sampled value module, a data processing module, a logic judgment module, a time management module, and a communication management module. The data processing module consists of a local ADC sampling unit, a data cleaning and filtering unit, a message organizing unit, a heat preservation and sending unit, etc. The data processing module incorporates algorithms such as full-wave Fourier algorithm, differential current algorithm, braking current algorithm, and unbalanced current algorithm. The time management module is composed of multiple parallel delay sub-modules with modifiable settings. The communication management module is composed of a signal sending sub-module, a signal parsing sub-module, a clock synchronization verification sub-module, etc. The pilot protection nano-relay body exchanges information with the CPU main system, security subsystem, and peripheral structure of the chip through a bus.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the CPU main system of the chip consists of a high-performance processing core, a peripheral interface, and a bus interface. The security subsystem of the chip incorporates a national cryptography algorithm security module and a security CPU core based on a security mechanism.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the signal sending sub-module classifies signal information into status quantity signal information and full waveform signal information according to different pilot protection principles or communication channels. The status quantity signal information includes direction information, amplitude information, phase information, etc. The full waveform signal information is the sampled data of fault current, and the full waveform signal information contains all the information of the fault data.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the status quantity signal information is generally high-frequency information. The status quantity signal information is loaded on the power frequency signal and transmitted on the transmission line in the form of a carrier. The status quantity signal information can be divided into "blocking type", "permissive type", and "tripping type".

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the signal parsing sub-module is used for filtering, noise reduction, and parsing processing of the signal during signal reception. The signal parsing sub-module is used to restore the high-frequency signal to direction, amplitude, or phase information.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the clock synchronization verification sub-module is mainly used for the comparison of "full waveform" data and phase information. The clock synchronization verification sub-module incorporates a wide-area time synchronization algorithm for satellite clock, crystal oscillator clock, and network clock, or a time error compensation algorithm based on power flow direction and line length.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pilot protection methods of the pilot protection nano-relay body include pilot differential protection, pilot direction protection, pilot distance protection, etc. The pilot differential protection judges the fault location of the line by comparing the difference of electrical quantities, and both the pilot direction protection and the pilot distance protection judge the fault location of the line by comparing logical signals.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data processing module can transmit the instantaneous value or the effective value / characteristic quantity calculated by Fourier transform to the communication management module, and the data processing module can meet the data requirements of different pilot protection principles.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the output of the data processing module can be connected to the communication management module or skip the communication management module. The data processing module is applicable to both single-ended quantity protection and multi-ended quantity protection.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the security subsystem can provide security services such as data encryption and decryption, identity authentication, etc. The security subsystem can implement functions such as source encryption, channel encryption, and secure chip startup according to the requirements of the relay protection service scenario.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. In the present invention, the pilot protection nano-relay architecture is adapted to pilot protection with different principles, enhances the applicability while ensuring the quick operation performance. This architecture covers each functional sub-module of the existing protection methods, can adaptively select and use the modules inside the nano-relay according to the protection principle, and increases the flexibility of the nano-relay. At the same time, each phase of the three-phase electrical signals is processed in parallel, improving the quick operation performance of the pilot protection nano-relay. Thus, while realizing the customized parallel processing of the nano-relay, its flexibility and versatility are increased. Moreover, this pilot protection nano-relay architecture is a general protection architecture, which is applicable to both single-ended quantity protection and multi-ended quantity protection, with high flexibility. Therefore, this architecture can be used as a unified architecture for protection nano-relays, can be standardized, provides a reference for the development of protection nano-relays, helps with the low-cost development and promotion of protection nano-relays, and meets the interoperability requirements.

[0018] 2. In the present invention, the pilot protection nano-relay is part of an autonomous chip and exchanges information with the chip CPU main system, security subsystem, and peripheral structure through a bus. This architecture adopts an advanced microcontroller bus architecture and does not require communication between boards. The nano-relay integrates feature extraction, single-ended quantity protection, and multi-ended quantity protection algorithm modules, and uses ASIC logic circuits to implement hardware acceleration for algorithms such as pre-data processing, protection algorithms, network communication, and data management, providing high-efficiency data parallel processing and high-performance data computing functions. The chip CPU main system consists of a high-performance processing core, peripheral interfaces, and bus interfaces, featuring high scalability and high power efficiency, and can meet the requirements of protection service functions such as real-time control and management communication. Compared with the off-chip series structure interaction mode, the pilot protection nano-relay embedded in the autonomous chip can effectively improve the correctness and transmission efficiency of data transmission within the chip and enhance the safety performance of the relay protection service functions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the module composition of the nano-relay of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the blocked pilot directional protection of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the tripping logic of the blocked pilot directional protection of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the pilot protection nano-relay of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the operation process of the pilot protection nano-relay of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the chip architecture based on the nano-relay of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment, please refer to Figure 1-6 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0027] A pilot protection nano-relay includes a pilot protection nano-relay body and a chip. The pilot protection nano-relay body includes a sampled value module, a data processing module, a logic judgment module, a time management module, and a communication management module. The data processing module consists of a local ADC sampling unit, a data cleaning and filtering unit, a message organizing unit, a heat preservation and sending unit, etc. The data processing module incorporates algorithms such as full-wave Fourier algorithm, differential current algorithm, braking current algorithm, and unbalanced current algorithm. The time management module is composed of multiple parallel delay sub-modules with modifiable settings. The communication management module is composed of a signal sending sub-module, a signal parsing sub-module, a clock synchronization verification sub-module, etc. The pilot protection methods of the pilot protection nano-relay body include pilot differential protection, pilot direction protection, and pilot distance protection, etc. The pilot differential protection judges the fault location of the line by comparing the difference of electrical quantities. Both the pilot direction protection and the pilot distance protection judge the fault location of the line by comparing logic signals.

[0028] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the signal sending sub-module classifies signal information into status quantity signal information and full waveform signal information according to different pilot protection principles or communication channels. The status quantity signal information includes direction information, amplitude information, phase information, etc. The full waveform signal information is the sampled data of fault current. The full waveform signal information contains all the information of the fault data. The status quantity signal information is generally high-frequency information. The status quantity signal information is transmitted on the transmission line in the form of a carrier by being loaded on the power frequency signal. The status quantity signal information can be divided into "blocking type", "permissive type", and "tripping type". The signal parsing sub-module is used for filtering, noise reduction, and parsing processing of the signal during signal reception. The signal parsing sub-module is used to restore the high-frequency signal to direction, amplitude, or phase information. The clock synchronization verification sub-module is mainly used for the comparison of "full waveform" data and phase information. The clock synchronization verification sub-module incorporates a wide-area time synchronization algorithm for satellite clock, crystal oscillator clock, and network clock, or a time error compensation algorithm based on power flow direction and line length. The data processing module can transmit the instantaneous value or the effective value / characteristic quantity calculated by Fourier transform to the communication management module. The data processing module can meet the data requirements of different pilot protection principles. The output of the data processing module can be connected to the communication management module or skip the communication management module. The data processing module is applicable to both single-end quantity protection and multi-end quantity protection.

[0029] Among them, the pilot protection nano-relay architecture is adaptable to pilot protection with different principles, enhancing applicability while ensuring rapidity. This architecture encompasses the functional sub-modules of existing protection methods and can adaptively select the modules inside the nano-relay according to the protection principle, increasing the flexibility of the nano-relay. At the same time, each phase of the three-phase electrical signals is processed in parallel, improving the rapidity of the pilot protection nano-relay. Thus, while realizing the customized parallel processing of the nano-relay, its flexibility and versatility are increased. Moreover, this pilot protection nano-relay architecture is a general protection architecture, applicable to both single-ended quantity protection and multi-ended quantity protection, with high flexibility. Therefore, this architecture can be used as a unified architecture for protection nano-relays, enabling standardized design, providing a reference basis for the development of protection nano-relays, facilitating the low-cost development and promotion of protection nano-relays, and meeting interoperability requirements.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the pilot protection nano-relay body conducts information interaction with the CPU main system, security subsystem, and peripheral structure of the chip through a bus. The CPU main system of the chip consists of a high-performance processing core, peripheral interfaces, and a bus interface. The security subsystem of the chip embeds a national cryptography algorithm security module and a security CPU core based on a security mechanism. The security subsystem can provide security services such as data encryption and decryption, and identity authentication. The security subsystem can implement functions such as source and channel encryption and chip secure startup according to the requirements of the relay protection service scenario.

[0031] Among them, the pilot protection nano-relay is part of an autonomous chip and conducts information interaction with the chip's CPU main system, security subsystem, and peripheral structure through a bus. This architecture adopts an advanced microcontroller bus architecture and does not require communication between boards. The nano-relay integrates feature extraction, single-ended quantity protection, and multi-ended quantity protection algorithm modules, and realizes hardware acceleration of algorithms such as pre-data processing, protection algorithms, network communication, and data management in ASIC logic circuits, providing high-efficiency data parallel processing and high-performance data computing functions. The chip's CPU main system consists of a high-performance processing core, peripheral interfaces, and a bus interface, featuring high scalability and high power consumption efficiency, and can meet the functional requirements of protection services such as real-time control and management communication. Compared with the off-chip series structure interaction mode, the pilot protection nano-relay embedded in the autonomous chip can effectively improve the correctness and transmission efficiency of data transmission within the chip, and enhance the security performance of the relay protection service function.

[0032] Workflow of the present invention: When a pilot protection nano-relay designed with this solution is working, the chip CPU main system writes fault voltage and current data into the shared memory, sends a data security authentication message notification to the security subsystem, and starts the security core. The security core responds to the interrupt, switches from the sleep state to the working state, and according to the multi-channel data security authentication requirements, obtains the fault voltage and current data to be authenticated from the shared memory of the CPU main system through the high-speed bus, and performs security authentication and false data identification on these data. After the processing is completed, the security core sends the processing result to the chip CPU main system and writes the result back to the shared memory. The chip CPU main system extracts the fault voltage and current data in the shared memory and the security authentication and false data identification results sent by the security core, and sends a single-ended quantity / multi-ended quantity protection execution instruction to the nano-relay on the premise that the data meets the security authentication. The nano-relay obtains the instruction of the chip CPU main system through the high-speed bus, and endows specific protection principle algorithms according to the instruction, and starts a series of parallel calculations and data flexible configuration calculations such as acquisition processing, relay protection algorithm, and fault determination. Finally, the nano-relay protection exits, starts the circuit breaker to act, and writes the result into the shared memory of the chip CPU main system. The functions of each module of the pilot protection nano-relay are as follows: The sampling value module is used to collect the three-phase current and three-phase voltage at both ends of the line. The data processing module is used for data preprocessing and calculating the amplitudes of the three-phase voltage and three-phase current at both ends of the line, and calculating characteristic quantities such as differential current, unbalanced current, and braking current. The logic judgment module sets the action setting threshold of the pilot protection. This setting threshold is determined by the maximum unbalanced current of the external fault. If the sensitivity does not meet the requirements, the braking current is used as the setting threshold, and then the characteristic quantities calculated by the data processing module are compared with the threshold, and it is judged whether the switch output quantity is "yes" or "no". The time management module is used to set whether the protection delays in acting and the specific delay duration. The communication management module is used to transmit the electrical signal or electrical characteristics at one end of the line to the other end and compare them.

[0033] Taking the blocking pilot direction protection mode as an example, when a fault occurs in the area, the blocking pilot direction protection can still operate normally in the case of abnormal communication management module, so its application is more extensive. This report takes the blocking pilot direction protection as an example to analyze how the protection works. As Figure 2 shown, when a fault occurs outside the area, the direction of the power flow through the nano-relay numbered 3 in the figure is opposite to the specified positive direction (it is specified that the power flow from the bus to the line is positive and the power flow from the line to the bus is negative). A blocking signal is sent to the nano-relay numbered 4 through the communication management module. The power direction of the nano-relay numbered 4 in the figure is positive and the protection starts, but it receives the blocking signal from the nano-relay numbered 3, and the protection will not act. Only when the protection starts and no blocking signal is received will the protection act. The action logic relationship can be referred to Figure 3When a fault occurs within the area, the power directions of the nano-relays numbered 1 and 2 in the figure are both positive. The protections are started simultaneously and no blocking signal is sent. The communication management modules of the nano-relays numbered 1 and 2 do not receive any blocking signal, and the protections at both ends operate.

[0034] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pilot protection nano-relay, comprising a pilot protection nano-relay body and a chip, characterized in that: The pilot protection nano-relay body includes a sampled value module, a data processing module, a logic judgment module, a time management module, and a communication management module. The data processing module consists of a local ADC sampling unit, a data cleaning and filtering unit, a message organizing unit, a heat preservation and sending unit, etc. The data processing module incorporates full-wave Fourier algorithms, differential current algorithms, braking current algorithms, and unbalanced current algorithms, etc. The time management module is composed of multiple parallel delay sub-modules with modifiable settings. The communication management module consists of a signal sending sub-module, a signal parsing sub-module, and a clock synchronization verification sub-module, etc. The pilot protection nano-relay body conducts information interaction with the CPU main system, security subsystem, and peripheral structure of the chip through a bus.

2. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, wherein: The CPU main system of the chip consists of a high-performance processing core, a peripheral interface, and a bus interface. The security subsystem of the chip embeds a national cryptography algorithm security module and a security CPU core based on a security mechanism.

3. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal sending sub-module classifies signal information into status quantity signal information and full-waveform signal information according to different pilot protection principles or communication channels. The status quantity signal information includes direction information, amplitude information, phase information, etc. The full-waveform signal information is the sampled data of fault current, and the full-waveform signal information contains all the information of the fault data.

4. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The status quantity signal information is generally high-frequency information. The status quantity signal information is transmitted on the transmission line in the form of a carrier by being loaded on the power frequency signal. The status quantity signal information can be divided into "blocking type", "permissive type", and "tripping type".

5. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal parsing sub-module is used for filtering, noise reduction, and parsing processing of signals during signal reception. The signal parsing sub-module is used to restore high-frequency signals to direction, amplitude, or phase information.

6. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clock synchronization verification sub-module is mainly used for comparison of "full-waveform" data and phase information. The clock synchronization verification sub-module incorporates a wide-area time synchronization algorithm for satellite clocks, crystal oscillators, and network clocks or a time error compensation algorithm based on power flow direction and line length.

7. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pilot protection methods of the pilot protection nano-relay body include pilot differential protection, pilot direction protection, pilot distance protection, etc. The pilot differential protection judges the fault location of the line by comparing the difference in electrical quantities. Both the pilot direction protection and the pilot distance protection judge the fault location of the line by comparing logic signals.

8. The pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 3, characterized in that: The data processing module can transmit the instantaneous value or the effective value / characteristic quantity calculated by Fourier transform to the communication management module. The data processing module can meet the data requirements of different pilot protection principles.

9. A pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output of the data processing module can be connected to the communication management module or skip the communication management module. The data processing module is applicable to both single-ended quantity protection and multi-ended quantity protection.

10. A pilot protection nano-relay according to claim 2, characterized in that: The security subsystem can provide security services such as data encryption and decryption, identity authentication, etc. The security subsystem can implement functions such as source and channel encryption and chip secure startup according to the requirements of the relay protection service scenario.

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