Exosome filtering and extracting device and exosome extracting method

Abstract

The invention discloses an exosome filtering and extracting device and an exosome extracting method, and relates to the technical field of cell exosome extraction. The device comprises a mounting base, a centrifugal assembly is fixedly connected to the position, close to the center, of the front end of the mounting base, an air cooler is fixedly connected to the position, located above the centrifugal assembly, of the center of the front end of the mounting base, and a filtering assembly is fixedly connected to the position, close to the centrifugal assembly, of the front end of the mounting base. Supporting plates are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the positions, close to the center of the top, of the two side ends of the mounting base, and a plurality of hook holes are formed in the supporting plates. According to the invention, a first rotating handle and a second rotating handle are rotated, and a filter assembly, an electromagnet and a magnetic ring are matched with each other, so that a worker does not need to enter the filter barrel to take the filter element body by hands when cleaning the filter element body; therefore, the problem that the filtering device is easily polluted when a worker takes the filter element in the filtering device by hands is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of extracellular exosome extraction, and particularly to an exosome filtration extraction device and an exosome extraction method. Background Art

[0002] Exosomes are small vesicles with a diameter of 30 - 150 nm released by multivesicular bodies through exocytosis. Exosomes are secreted by various human cells and contain components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from cells. They are involved in the occurrence and development of human diseases, especially in participating in or mediating tumor cell growth, invasion, migration, drug resistance, immune escape, and apoptosis. Exosomes are expected to be used as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, prognosis analysis, monitoring and tracking, treatment targets, or drug carriers, and provide new ideas and methods for disease diagnosis, treatment, prognosis analysis, and monitoring and tracking. During the process of biological science research, it is often necessary to extract extracellular exosomes, so an extracellular exosome extraction device is required. Currently, when centrifuging a sample in an extracellular exosome extraction device, a certain amount of heat is generated during the centrifugation process, causing the temperature of the centrifuge to rise after working for a period of time. The generation of high temperature will affect the exosome sample (extracellular exosomes), reducing the extraction quality of extracellular exosomes. In addition, most filter cores are often fixedly installed inside the filtration device, and residues adhere after multiple uses, making cleaning inconvenient. Although some are installed in the filtration device through buckles or bolts, when taking out the filter core, staff still need to manually enter the inside of the filtration device to take it out. Manually entering the device to take out and disassemble the filter element is extremely likely to contaminate the filtration device. In view of the above problems, the inventor proposes an exosome filtration extraction device and an exosome extraction method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the generation of high temperature will affect the exosome sample and reduce the extraction quality of extracellular exosomes, and the problem that manually entering the device to take out and disassemble the filter element is extremely likely to contaminate the filtration device; the purpose of the present invention is to provide an exosome filtration extraction device and an exosome extraction method.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: An exosome filtration extraction device includes a mounting base. A centrifugation component is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting base near the center. A cold air blower is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting base and at the center above the centrifugation component. A filtration component is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting base and near the centrifugation component. Support plates are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the top center of both sides of the mounting base, and a number of hook holes are opened inside the support plates.

[0005] Preferably, the centrifugal assembly includes a mounting box body, and the back end of the mounting box body is fixedly connected to the mounting seat. A rotating frame is rotatably connected to the center of the inner bottom end of the mounting box body. A driving motor is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end of the mounting box body, and the output end of the driving motor penetrates through the mounting box body and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame.

[0006] Preferably, a cylinder body is detachably connected to the top end of the rotating frame. A placement plate is provided near the top of the inner wall of the cylinder body. A placement hole is opened at the center of the placement plate. Symmetrically fixed connection positioning plates are provided at the top end of the placement plate and near the placement hole. Guide insertion shafts are symmetrically and slidably inserted near the center of the positioning plates.

[0007] Preferably, a first mounting plate is fixedly connected between the side ends of the two guide insertion shafts close to the placement hole. Clamping blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two first mounting plates. Rubber pads are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks. A spring is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the first mounting plate away from the clamping block, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the positioning plate. A square tube is fixedly connected near the center between the side walls of the mounting box body. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the top end of the square tube near the air cooler, and the other end of the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the air cooler.

[0008] Preferably, the filtering assembly includes a filtering barrel, and the filtering barrel is fixedly connected to the mounting seat. Limit clamping blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected near the center of the inner wall of the filtering barrel. An annular plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filtering barrel, and the annular plate is slidably connected to the limit clamping blocks. A filter element body is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limit clamping block, and the two limit plates are symmetrically distributed.

[0009] Preferably, an inner cavity is opened in the annular plate. A magnetic ring is provided in the annular plate at the inner cavity. A first mounting box is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the filtering barrel and near the center, and the first mounting box is at the same level as the limit plate. A limit shaft is slidably inserted above the annular plate on the outer circle of the filtering barrel.

[0010] Preferably, first guide grooves are symmetrically opened near the center of the two side walls of the first mounting box. A first sliding plate is slidably connected between the two first guide grooves, and the side end of the limit shaft penetrates through the first mounting box and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate. A threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the first sliding plate away from the limit shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a first lead screw is rotatably connected to one side end of the installation box at the same horizontal level as the threaded cylinder, and the threaded cylinder is in threaded rotational connection with the first lead screw. A first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first lead screw near one side. A second mounting plate is fixedly connected to one side end of the installation box above the first bevel gear. A second bevel gear is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second mounting plate, and the second bevel gear is in meshing connection with the first bevel gear. A connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top end of the second mounting plate, and the bottom end of the connecting rod passes through the second mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear. A first rotating handle is rotatably connected to the top end of the installation box near the center of one side, and the top end of the connecting rod passes through the first installation box and is fixedly connected to the first rotating handle.

[0012] Preferably, a second installation box is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the filter barrel near the first installation box. Guide grooves are symmetrically opened near the center on both side walls of the second installation box. A third mounting plate is slidably connected between the two guide grooves. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the center of one side end of the third mounting plate near the circular ring plate. A second lead screw is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second installation box, and the third mounting plate is in threaded rotational connection with the second lead screw. A second rotating handle is rotatably connected to the top end of the second installation box, and the top end of the second lead screw passes through the second installation box and is fixedly connected to the second rotating handle.

[0013] An extraction method of an exosome filtration and extraction device includes the following steps: S1. When using the device, first push the first mounting plate to both sides, drive the clamping blocks to move in the opposite direction, and compress the springs; insert the sample test tube into the placement hole, release the first mounting plate, and the springs push the clamping blocks and the rubber pads to firmly clamp the sample test tube; S2. Subsequently, start the driving motor, and the rotating frame drives the cylinder to rotate at a high speed in a circular motion in the installation box to carry out sample centrifugation. At the same time, the cold air blower starts to work, the cold air enters the square tube through the connecting pipe, and is sprayed onto the cylinder through the nozzles to cool the centrifugation process and prevent high temperature from affecting the sample centrifugation effect. After the sample centrifugation is completed, pour the liquid from the test tube into the filter barrel, and the liquid flows into the lower part of the barrel through the filtering through holes of the filter element body; S3. When it is necessary to clean the filter element body, first rotate the first rotating handle, the connecting rod drives the second bevel gear to rotate, and the engaged first bevel gear rotates the first lead screw. The threaded cylinder drives the first sliding plate to move horizontally in the first guide groove, and the limiting shaft moves towards the first installation box to release the limit on the circular ring plate; S4. Then rotate the second rotating handle and turn on the electromagnet. The second lead screw rotates so that the third mounting plate drives the electromagnet to move upward in the second guide groove. The electromagnet attracts the magnetic ring and drives the circular ring plate to rise under the action of the limiting block. When the circular ring plate moves to the top of the filter barrel, the electromagnet can be turned off, and at this time, the circular ring plate and the filter element body can be removed for cleaning.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the present invention, by pushing two mounting plates one, and with the mutual cooperation among the centrifugal component, the air cooler and the nozzle, the temperature reduction work during the centrifugation process can be completed, preventing the centrifugation effect of the sample from being affected due to too high environmental temperature during centrifugation of the sample, thus solving the problem that the generation of high-temperature environment will affect the exosome specimen and reducing the extraction quality of extracellular exosomes. 2. In the present invention, by rotating the rotating handle one and the rotating handle two, and with the mutual cooperation among the filtering component, the electromagnet and the magnetic ring, it is not necessary for the staff to put their hands into the filtering barrel to take the filter element body when cleaning the filter element body, thus solving the problem that it is very easy for the staff to contaminate the filtering device when taking the filter element inside the filtering device by hand. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the filtering barrel of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the installation box body of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second installation box of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A in it.

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part B in it.

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part C in it.

[0023] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of part D in it.

[0024] In the figure: 1. Mounting base; 101. Cold air blower; 102. Support plate; 103. Hook hole; 2. Centrifugal component; 201. Installation box body; 202. Rotating frame; 203. Driving motor; 204. Cylinder body; 205. Placing plate; 206. Placing hole; 207. Positioning plate; 208. Guide insertion shaft; 209. First mounting plate; 210. Clamping block; 211. Spring; 212. Square pipe; 213. Connecting pipe; 3. Filter component; 301. Filter barrel; 302. Limit clamping block; 303. Ring plate; 304. Filter element body; 305. Limit plate; 306. Inner cavity; 307. Magnetic ring; 308. First installation box; 309. First sliding plate; 310. Limit shaft; 311. Threaded barrel; 312. First lead screw; 313. First bevel gear; 314. Second mounting plate; 315. Second bevel gear; 316. Connecting rod; 317. First turning handle; 318. Second installation box; 319. First guide groove; 320. Second guide groove; 321. Third mounting plate; 322. Second lead screw; 323. Second turning handle; 324. Electromagnet. Detailed implementation mode

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Embodiment: As Figure 1-8 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: an exosome filtration and extraction device, including a mounting base 1, a centrifugal component 2 is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting base 1 near the center, a cold air blower 101 is fixedly connected to the center of the front end of the mounting base 1 and above the centrifugal component 2, a filter component 3 is fixedly connected to the front end of the mounting base 1 and near the centrifugal component 2, support plates 102 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the center of the top of both sides of the mounting base 1, and a plurality of hook holes 103 are opened inside the support plates 102. Among them, the hook holes 103 opened in the support plates 102 are used to hang various tools or auxiliary equipment to improve the operation convenience. The electrical components in this application are electrically connected to their adapted power sources through wires, and a suitable controller should be selected according to the actual situation to meet the control requirements. The detailed connection means are well-known technologies in the art.

[0027] The centrifugal component 2 includes an installation box body 201, and the back end of the installation box body 201 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1. A rotating frame 202 is rotatably connected to the center of the inner bottom end of the installation box body 201, and a driving motor 203 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom end of the installation box body 201. The output end of the driving motor 203 penetrates the installation box body 201 and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame 202.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, a high-precision bearing seat is arranged at the center of the inner bottom end of the installation box body 201. The rotating frame 202 is flexibly rotatably connected through the bearing seat. The driving motor 203 can provide stable and strong power output for the rotating frame 202, and can adjust the rotation speed of the driving motor 203 according to the controller.

[0029] The top end of the rotating frame 202 is detachably connected with a cylinder body 204. A placing plate 205 is arranged near the top of the inner wall of the cylinder body 204. A placing hole 206 is opened at the center of the placing plate 205. Symmetrically fixed connection positioning plates 207 are arranged at the top end of the placing plate 205 and near the placing hole 206. Guide insertion shafts 208 are symmetrically and slidably inserted near the center of the positioning plates 207.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, a threaded connection part adapted to the cylinder body 204 is arranged at the top end of the rotating frame 202 to achieve detachable connection, which is convenient for cleaning or overhauling the cylinder body 204. The placing plate 205 is made of food-grade plastic material, which is non-toxic and harmless, avoiding contamination of the sample. The placing hole 206 is opened at the center of the placing plate 205 for placing the test tube of the sample to be processed.

[0031] A mounting plate one 209 is fixedly connected between the side ends of the two guide insertion shafts 208 close to the placing hole 206. Symmetrically fixed connection clamping blocks 210 are arranged at the opposite ends of the two mounting plates one 209. Rubber pads are symmetrically arranged at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks 210. A spring 211 is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the mounting plate one 209 far from the clamping block 210, and the other end of the spring 211 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 207. A square tube 212 is fixedly connected between the side walls of the installation box body 201 near the center. A connecting pipe 213 is fixedly connected to the top end of the square tube 212 near the air cooler 101, and the other end of the connecting pipe 213 is fixedly connected to the air cooler 101.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, a number of air spraying heads are fixedly installed on the outside of the square tube 212, and the air outlets of the air spraying heads all incline towards the cylinder body 204. Rubber pads are arranged on the inner sides of the clamping blocks 210 to protect the sample container. The inside of the square tube 212 is hollow for transmitting cold air. The other end of the connecting pipe 213 is tightly connected with the air outlet of the air cooler 101 through a sealing rubber ring to ensure no leakage of cold air transmission.

[0033] The filtering component 3 includes a filtering barrel 301, and the filtering barrel 301 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 1. Symmetrically and fixedly connected near the center of the inner wall of the filtering barrel 301 are limiting blocks 302. Slidably connected to the inner wall of the filtering barrel 301 is an annular plate 303, and the annular plate 303 is slidably connected to the limiting blocks 302. Inside the inner wall of the annular plate 303 is provided a filter element body 304. Fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting block 302 is a limiting plate 305, and the two limiting plates 305 are symmetrically distributed.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, a moving groove is provided on the outer ring of the annular plate 303, which is adapted to the limiting block 302, facilitating the sliding of the annular plate 303. The filter element body 304 is a microporous membrane filter element, which can effectively filter exosomes. The limiting plate 305 is provided to limit the lowest position of the annular plate 303.

[0035] An inner cavity 306 is provided inside the annular plate 303. At the position of the inner cavity 306 of the annular plate 303 is provided a magnetic ring 307. Fixedly connected to the outer ring of the filtering barrel 301 and near the center is a first mounting box 308, and the first mounting box 308 is at the same horizontal level as the limiting plate 305. A limiting shaft 310 is slidably inserted above the annular plate 303 on the outer ring of the filtering barrel 301.

[0036] By adopting the above technical solution, the first mounting box 308 is made of aluminum alloy and is fixedly installed on the filtering barrel 301 through bolts. A guiding hole is provided above the annular plate 303 on the outer ring of the filtering barrel 301, and the limiting shaft 310 is slidably inserted through this guiding hole.

[0037] Symmetrically opened near the center on both side walls of the first mounting box 308 are first guiding grooves 319. Slidably connected between the two first guiding grooves 319 is a first sliding plate 309, and the side end of the limiting shaft 310 penetrates through the first mounting box 308 and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 309. Fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the first sliding plate 309 away from the limiting shaft 310 is a threaded cylinder 311.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the side end of the limiting shaft 310 penetrates through a pre-opened through hole in the first mounting box 308 and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate 309 by welding. The threaded cylinder 311 moves horizontally under the action of a first lead screw 312, enabling the fixedly connected limiting shaft 310 to move horizontally.

[0039] At the same horizontal level as the side end of the first mounting box 308, a first lead screw 312 is rotatably connected to the threaded cylinder 311, and the threaded cylinder 311 is in threaded rotational connection with the first lead screw 312. A first bevel gear 313 is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the first lead screw 312 near one side. A second mounting plate 314 is fixedly connected to the side end of the first mounting box 308 and above the first bevel gear 313. A second bevel gear 315 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second mounting plate 314, and the second bevel gear 315 is in meshing connection with the first bevel gear 313. A connecting rod 316 is rotatably connected to the top end of the second mounting plate 314, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 316 passes through the second mounting plate 314 and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 315. A first turning handle 317 is rotatably connected to the top end of the first mounting box 308 near the center of one side, and the top end of the connecting rod 316 passes through the first mounting box 308 and is fixedly connected to the first turning handle 317.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the second mounting plate 314 is fixedly connected to the side end of the first mounting box 308 and above the first bevel gear 313 by welding. A bearing is provided at the bottom end of the second mounting plate 314, and the second bevel gear 315 is rotatably connected through this bearing. The surface of the first turning handle 317 is provided with anti-slip lines, which is convenient for the staff to operate the first turning handle 317.

[0041] A second mounting box 318 is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the filter barrel 301 and near the first mounting box 308. Guide grooves 320 are symmetrically opened at the centers of the two side walls of the second mounting box 318. A third mounting plate 321 is slidably connected between the two guide grooves 320. An electromagnet 324 is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the third mounting plate 321 close to the annular plate 303. A second lead screw 322 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second mounting box 318, and the third mounting plate 321 is in threaded rotational connection with the second lead screw 322. A second turning handle 323 is rotatably connected to the top end of the second mounting box 318, and the top end of the second lead screw 322 passes through the second mounting box 318 and is fixedly connected to the second turning handle 323.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the electromagnet 324 is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the third mounting plate 321 close to the annular plate 303 by bolts. The surface of the second turning handle 323 is provided with an anti-slip rubber sleeve. By rotating the second turning handle 323, the fixedly connected second lead screw 322 rotates, whereby the third mounting plate 321 in threaded rotational connection can be lifted and lowered.

[0043] An extraction method of an exosome filtration and extraction device includes the following steps: S1. When using the device, first push the first mounting plate 209 to both sides, drive the clamping blocks 210 to move in the opposite direction, and compress the springs 211; insert the sample test tube into the placement hole 206, release the first mounting plate 209, and the springs 211 push the clamping blocks 210 and the rubber pads to firmly clamp the sample test tube; S2. Subsequently, start the drive motor 203. The rotating frame 202 drives the cylinder body 204 to rotate at a high speed in a circular motion within the installation box body 201 to carry out sample centrifugation. At the same time, the cold air blower 101 starts to work. The cold air enters the square tube 212 through the connecting pipe 213 and is sprayed onto the cylinder body 204 through the nozzles to cool down the centrifugation process and prevent high temperature from affecting the sample centrifugation effect. After the sample centrifugation is completed, pour the liquid from the test tube into the filter barrel 301, and the liquid flows into the lower part of the barrel through the filtering through holes of the filter element body 304; S3. When it is necessary to clean the filter element body 304, first rotate the rotating handle one 317. The connecting rod 316 drives the bevel gear two 315 to rotate. The engaged bevel gear one 313 causes the lead screw one 312 to rotate. The threaded cylinder 311 drives the sliding plate one 309 to move horizontally in the guide groove one 319, and the limit shaft 310 moves towards the installation box one 308 to release the limit on the circular ring plate 303; S4. Then rotate the rotating handle two 323 and turn on the electromagnet 324. The lead screw two 322 rotates, causing the mounting plate three 321 to drive the electromagnet 324 to move upward in the guide groove two 320. The electromagnet 324 attracts the magnetic ring 307 and drives the circular ring plate 303 to rise under the action of the limit block 302. When the circular ring plate 303 moves to the top of the filter barrel 301, the electromagnet 324 can be turned off. At this time, the circular ring plate 303 and the filter element body 304 can be removed for cleaning.

[0044] Working principle: During operation, first push the two mounting plates one 209 to both sides, which can cause the two clamping blocks 210 fixedly connected to move in opposite directions, so that the spring 211 is compressed. Then the sample test tube can be inserted into the placement hole 206. Then release the force on the two mounting plates one 209. As a result, the spring 211 drives the clamping block 210 to move towards the test tube direction and cooperates with the two rubber pads fixedly connected to complete the clamping effect on the sample test tube. After placing the sample test tube, the working drive motor 203 can be started, so that the fixedly connected rotating frame 202 drives the cylinder body 204 to rotate in a circular motion within the installation box body 201 to complete the centrifugation of the sample. And when centrifuging the sample, the working cold air blower 101 needs to be started to work, so that the cold air is conveyed to the square tube 212 through the connecting pipe 213 and finally sprayed onto the cylinder body 204 through multiple nozzles and dispersed inside the installation box body 201 to complete the cooling work of the centrifugation process and prevent the centrifugation effect of the sample from being affected due to too high environmental temperature during centrifuging the sample; After centrifuging the sample, pour the centrifuged liquid from the sample test tube into the filter bucket 301. The liquid flows into the space below the filter bucket 301 through the filtering through holes of the filter element body 304. When it is necessary to clean the filter element body 304 in the filter bucket 301, first rotate the handle 317, so that the fixedly connected connecting rod 316 drives the bevel gear 315 to rotate. Thus, the meshing bevel gear 313 drives the lead screw 312 to rotate. At this time, the threaded barrel 311 threadedly connected to it will drive the sliding plate 309 to move horizontally under the action of the two guide grooves 319. Then, the limiting shaft 310 inserted inside the filter bucket 301 will move towards the mounting box 308, so as to release the limiting work on the circular ring plate 303. After the limiting work is released, start the electromagnet 324 and rotate the handle 323, so that the fixedly connected lead screw 322 rotates. The mounting plate 321 threadedly connected will drive the electromagnet 324 to move upward under the action of the guide groove 320. After the electromagnet 324 is started, it will attract the magnetic ring 307. The movement of the electromagnet 324 will drive the circular ring plate 303 equipped with the magnetic ring 307 to rise under the action of the limiting block 302. After the circular ring plate 303 moves to the top of the filter bucket 301, turn off the electromagnet 324, and then remove the circular ring plate 303 and the filter element body 304 for cleaning, so that it is not necessary for the staff to put their hands into the filter bucket 301 to take the filter element body 304 to be cleaned, avoiding contamination inside the filter bucket 301.

[0045] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An exosome filtration and extraction device, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that: At the front end of the mounting base (1) near the center, a centrifugal component (2) is fixedly connected. At the front end of the mounting base (1) and at the center above the centrifugal component (2), a cold air blower (101) is fixedly connected. At the front end of the mounting base (1) and near the centrifugal component (2), a filtering component (3) is fixedly connected. At the center near the top of both sides of the mounting base (1), support plates (102) are symmetrically and fixedly connected. A number of hook holes (103) are formed inside the support plates (102).

2. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, wherein The centrifugal component (2) includes a mounting box body (201), and the back end of the mounting box body (201) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1). At the center of the inner bottom end of the mounting box body (201), a rotating frame (202) is rotatably connected. At the center of the bottom end of the mounting box body (201), a driving motor (203) is fixedly connected. The output end of the driving motor (203) penetrates the mounting box body (201) and is fixedly connected to the rotating frame (202).

3. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 2, wherein The top end of the rotating frame (202) is detachably connected to a cylinder body (204). A placement plate (205) is provided near the top of the inner wall of the cylinder body (204). A placement hole (206) is formed at the center of the placement plate (205). At the top end of the placement plate (205) and near the placement hole (206), positioning plates (207) are symmetrically and fixedly connected. Guide insertion shafts (208) are symmetrically and slidably inserted near the center of the positioning plates (207).

4. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 3, wherein, A mounting plate one (209) is fixedly connected between the one sides of the two guide insertion shafts (208) near the placement hole (206). Clamping blocks (210) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the opposite ends of the two mounting plates one (209). Rubber pads are symmetrically provided at the opposite ends of the two clamping blocks (210). A spring (211) is fixedly connected to the center of the side of the mounting plate one (209) away from the clamping block (210), and the other end of the spring (211) is fixedly connected to the positioning plate (207). A square pipe (212) is fixedly connected between the side walls of the mounting box body (201) near the center. A connecting pipe (213) is fixedly connected to the top end of the square pipe (212) near the cold air blower (101), and the other end of the connecting pipe (213) is fixedly connected to the cold air blower (101).

5. An exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filtering component (3) includes a filtering barrel (301), and the filtering barrel (301) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (1). Limiting blocks (302) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filtering barrel (301) near the center. An annular plate (303) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the filtering barrel (301), and the annular plate (303) is slidably connected to the limiting blocks (302). A filter element body (304) is provided on the inner wall of the annular plate (303). A limiting plate (305) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the limiting block (302), and the two limiting plates (305) are symmetrically distributed.

6. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inner cavity (306) is provided inside the annular plate (303). A magnetic ring (307) is provided on the annular plate (303) at the position of the inner cavity (306). A first mounting box (308) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the filter barrel (301) near the center, and the first mounting box (308) and the limiting plate (305) are at the same horizontal level. A limiting shaft (310) is slidably inserted above the annular plate (303) on the outer ring of the filter barrel (301).

7. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 6, wherein, On both side walls of the first mounting box (308) near the center, first guide grooves (319) are symmetrically provided. A first sliding plate (309) is slidably connected between the two first guide grooves (319). The side end of the limiting shaft (310) penetrates through the first mounting box (308) and is fixedly connected to the first sliding plate (309). A threaded cylinder (311) is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the first sliding plate (309) away from the limiting shaft (310).

8. An exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A first lead screw (312) is rotatably connected to the side end of the first mounting box (308) at the same horizontal level as the threaded cylinder (311). The threaded cylinder (311) and the first lead screw (312) are in threaded rotational connection. A first bevel gear (313) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the first lead screw (312) near one side. A second mounting plate (314) is fixedly connected to the side end of the first mounting box (308) above the first bevel gear (313). A second bevel gear (315) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second mounting plate (314). The second bevel gear (315) and the first bevel gear (313) are meshed. A connecting rod (316) is rotatably connected to the top end of the second mounting plate (314). The bottom end of the connecting rod (316) penetrates through the second mounting plate (314) and is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (315). A first turning handle (317) is rotatably connected to the top end of the first mounting box (308) near the center of one side. The top end of the connecting rod (316) penetrates through the first mounting box (308) and is fixedly connected to the first turning handle (317).

9. The exosome filtration and extraction device according to claim 8, wherein, A second mounting box (318) is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the filter barrel (301) near the first mounting box (308). Second guide grooves (320) are symmetrically provided on both side walls of the second mounting box (318) near the center. A third mounting plate (321) is slidably connected between the two second guide grooves (320). An electromagnet (324) is fixedly connected to the center of the side end of the third mounting plate (321) close to the annular plate (303). A second lead screw (322) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the second mounting box (318). The third mounting plate (321) and the second lead screw (322) are in threaded rotational connection. A second turning handle (323) is rotatably connected to the top end of the second mounting box (318). The top end of the second lead screw (322) penetrates through the second mounting box (318) and is fixedly connected to the second turning handle (323).

10. The extraction method of an exosome filtration and extraction device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. When using the device, first push the first mounting plate (209) to both sides, driving the clamping blocks (210) to move in the opposite direction and compressing the springs (211); insert the sample test tube into the placement hole (206), release the first mounting plate (209), and the springs (211) push the clamping blocks (210) and the rubber pads to firmly clamp the sample test tube. S2. Subsequently, start the drive motor (203), and the rotating frame (202) drives the cylinder body (204) to rotate at a high speed in a circular motion within the mounting box body (201) to perform sample centrifugation. At the same time, the cold air blower (101) starts to work, and the cold air enters the square tube (212) through the connecting pipe (213) and is sprayed onto the cylinder body (204) through the nozzles to cool down the centrifugation process and prevent high temperature from affecting the sample centrifugation effect. After the sample centrifugation is completed, pour the liquid from the test tube into the filter bucket (301), and the liquid flows into the lower part of the bucket through the filtering through holes of the filter element body (304). S3. When it is necessary to clean the filter element body (304), first rotate the first turning handle (317), and the connecting rod (316) drives the second bevel gear (315) to rotate. The engaged first bevel gear (313) causes the first lead screw (312) to rotate, and the threaded cylinder (311) drives the first sliding plate (309) to move horizontally in the first guide groove (319), and the limit shaft (310) moves towards the first mounting box (308) to release the limit on the circular ring plate (303). S4. Then rotate the second turning handle (323) and turn on the electromagnet (324). The second lead screw (322) rotates so that the third mounting plate (321) drives the electromagnet (324) to move upward in the second guide groove (320). The electromagnet (324) attracts the magnetic ring (307), driving the circular ring plate (303) to rise under the action of the limit clamping block (302). When the circular ring plate (303) moves to the top of the filter bucket (301), the electromagnet (324) can be turned off, and at this time, the circular ring plate (303) and the filter element body (304) can be removed for cleaning.

Images