Swirl nozzle and gasification furnace

Abstract

The invention discloses a swirl nozzle and a gasifier, the swirl nozzle comprises a shell, a central pipe, a swirl adjusting piece and a mixing pipe, and the shell is provided with a first hole, a second hole and a third hole; the first hole is formed in the top of the shell, the second hole is formed in the bottom of the shell, and the first hole and the second hole are coaxially formed; the center pipe is used for conveying materials, one end of the center pipe is arranged above the top of the shell, and the other end of the center pipe penetrates through the first hole and the second hole and then extends out of the bottom of the shell. The aperture of the first hole is matched with the outer diameter of the central pipe, and the aperture of the second hole is larger than the outer diameter of the central pipe, so that a channel for gas to pass through is formed between the hole wall of the second hole and the outer wall of the central pipe; the swirl nozzle is high in operation elasticity, and when the physical property of a solid material changes or the production requirement changes, the swirl ratio can be adjusted to adapt to the adjustment of production parameters, so that the dispersion characteristic of the material is improved, and the purpose of improving the gasification efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a swirl nozzle and a gasifier. Background Art

[0002] Coal or biomass gasification refers to the process of reacting coal or biomass with a gasifying agent at high temperature to produce coal gas. Common gasifying agents include air, oxygen, water vapor, or mixtures thereof. Coal gasification technology is the core technology for the clean utilization of coal and provides key basic raw materials for the coal chemical industry. Biomass gasification technology is of great significance for the comprehensive utilization of bio-based energy, especially the waste gasification technology that has attracted extensive attention from the academic and industrial circles in recent years.

[0003] In order to control the effective components of the gasification products, it is usually necessary to control the residence time of the materials in the gasification process within an extremely short range. The key is how to make the coal or biomass particles reach complete reaction within such a short residence time. If the reaction is incomplete, it will cause waste of raw materials and increase the separation cost. Moreover, the unreacted coal or biomass particles will be carried into the downstream purification treatment equipment and slag in the equipment, bringing a relatively high safety risk. The gasification reaction of coal or biomass is a typical gas-solid phase reaction process. Effectively increasing the contact between the gas and solid phases is of decisive significance for improving the reaction rate or efficiency. Since coal or biomass often contains a certain amount of moisture and is prone to adhesion or caking, it is difficult to achieve an ideal dispersion state by general measures.

[0004] In order to achieve good mixing of the gas-solid phase, currently, the nozzle usually designs the gas outlet to be angled or adds a guiding groove to change the relative velocity of one phase to achieve the purpose of improving the mixing effect. The Chinese invention patent with the application number 202111546382.4 discloses a gasification nozzle. A spiral section is provided inside the gasification nozzle to make the gas flow in a spiral shape to enhance the collision between the pulverized coal and the gas and achieve the purpose of improving the mixing effect. However, this nozzle has a complex structure, high manufacturing requirements, and relatively high energy consumption in the spiral section. The patent with the application number 201921894705.7 discloses a water coal slurry nozzle. The nozzle is divided into two-layer structures of an inner tube and an outer tube. Through a swirl member fixed at the end of the inner tube, the combustion-supporting gas conveyed by the inner tube is diverted to the outside of the inner tube to improve the mixing with the water coal slurry conveyed in the conveying cavity. Although the diversion effect of the swirl member can improve the mixing efficiency of the two phases, due to the influence of the inner cavity space of the nozzle, the diversion effect is affected to a certain extent. Coupled with the fact that the diversion member is fixed, the swirl intensity cannot be adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that the existing swirl angle of the nozzle cannot be adjusted, which affects the uniformity of material mixing, and to provide a swirl nozzle and a gasifier. The present invention can adjust the swirl intensity according to the raw material characteristics and production requirements, achieve stronger swirl, improve the dispersion characteristics of the solid phase, and realize secondary mixing of the solid-phase material in the gasifier.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention discloses a swirl nozzle, which includes:

[0008] A housing, on which a first hole, a second hole and a third hole are provided; the first hole is provided at the top of the housing, the second hole is provided at the bottom of the housing, and the first hole and the second hole are coaxially arranged;

[0009] A central tube for conveying materials, one end of the central tube is arranged above the top of the housing, and the other end extends outside the bottom of the housing after passing through the first hole and the second hole; the diameter of the first hole matches the outer diameter of the central tube, and the diameter of the second hole is larger than the outer diameter of the central tube, so that a channel for gas to pass through is formed between the wall of the second hole and the outer wall of the central tube;

[0010] A swirl adjustment member is arranged inside the housing; the swirl adjustment member includes a main body plate and a number of adjustable guide blocks, the main body plate is connected to the side wall of the housing, and the main body plate can rotate relative to the side wall of the housing with the central tube as the axis; the main body plate divides the inner cavity of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber, the third hole is opened on the wall of the first chamber, and the third hole is used to introduce gas into the inner cavity of the housing;

[0011] A fourth hole and a number of fifth holes are provided on the main body plate, the fourth hole is arranged at the center of the main body plate, the fourth hole is coaxially arranged with the first hole, and the central tube passes through the fourth hole; a number of the fifth holes are arranged circumferentially on the main body plate with the fourth hole as the center, the fifth holes communicate the first chamber and the second chamber, and the fifth holes are used to pass the gas; in the radial direction of the main body plate, the fifth holes are located outside the periphery of the adjustable guide blocks;

[0012] The adjustable guide blocks are arranged in the second chamber, and a plurality of the adjustable guide blocks are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main body plate with the fourth hole as the center; each adjustable guide block includes a first guide block and a second guide block, and the first guide block and the second guide block are in cooperation through a wedge surface, and there is a distance between the extension surface of the wedge surface and the center of the fourth hole; the first guide block is connected to the main body plate, and the second guide block is connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing, and is used to adjust the gap width between the first guide block and the second guide block by rotating the main body plate;

[0013] A mixing pipe, the mixing pipe is connected to the second hole, the inner cavity of the mixing pipe is communicated with the channel, the other end of the central pipe extends into the inner cavity of the mixing pipe, and the inner cavity of the mixing pipe is used to mix the gas adjusted by the swirl adjusting member and the material flowing out of the central pipe.

[0014] By using the swirl nozzle of the present invention, gas enters the first chamber from the third hole on the housing, is dispersed through the fifth hole and then enters the second chamber, and is guided by the adjustable guide block and flows into the channel, where it meets the coal material output from the central pipe. The tangential velocity of the air flow causes the coal material to form a swirl. The gap size between the first guide block and the second guide block can be adjusted according to actual needs, so that the gas presents different flow directions to meet the actual working condition requirements to the greatest extent.

[0015] Generally, there are three modes of the flow direction of the present invention: the first is the central flow direction, the first guide block and the second guide block are not opened, and the air flow flows towards the center of the fourth hole; the second is the mixed flow of swirl and tangential flow, the first guide block and the second guide block are opened to a certain extent, that is, there is both swirl and central flow; the third is the tangential flow direction, the first guide block and the second guide block are opened to the maximum extent, and at this time the degree of swirl is the largest. For different materials, the required swirl ratio is different. For small particles and when the wind speed requirement is not high, since the particles are small and the centrifugal force received is also small, a higher swirl ratio can be set, where the swirl ratio refers to the ratio of the gas flow rate of the swirl to the gas flow rate in the central flow direction. For larger particles, when there is no swirl at all, the particles flow directly downward in a column after passing through the nozzle, and the mixing effect is extremely poor; however, when the swirl ratio is too large, it will cause the large particles to be thrown to the wall of the device under the action of centrifugal force, resulting in particle aggregation, which has a counter effect on dispersion. Therefore, for larger particles, a suitable swirl ratio needs to be determined according to the actual situation. Therefore, by using the swirl nozzle of the present invention, the swirl angle can be flexibly adjusted, and the appropriate swirl angle can be quickly found.

[0016] The swirl nozzle of the present invention has strong operating flexibility. When the physical properties of the solid material change or the production requirements change, the production parameters can be adjusted by adjusting the swirl ratio; and the operation is simple, and the shear ratio can be adjusted only by rotating the main body plate, and the cost is low.

[0017] In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the outermost contour of the adjustable guide block is a sector, and the extension lines of the two sides of the sector pass through the center of the fourth hole. When the first guide block and the second guide block are not opened (i.e., the gap is 0), the gas flows completely towards the axial direction, and the degree of gas swirl is 0. As the gap increases, when the gas flows completely tangentially, the gas forms the maximum degree of swirl. Thus, by adjusting the opening degree between the first guide block and the second guide block, the degree of swirl can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0018] The included angle between the two outermost sides of the adjustable guide block gradually increases as the gap distance between the first guide block and the second guide block increases. The included angle between the two sides can be 45 - 90°. For example, when the gap is 0, the included angle between the two sides is 45°, and when the gap is maximum, the included angle between the two sides is 90°.

[0019] In the present invention, the distance between the extension plane of the wedge-shaped surface and the center of the fourth hole is not particularly limited, as long as the extension plane of the wedge-shaped surface does not pass through the center of the fourth hole to form a swirl effect. For example, the distance is equal to half of the outer diameter of the central tube.

[0020] In the present invention, the number of the adjustable guide blocks can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and preferably 4 or 6. If the number of adjustable guide blocks is too large, it is not conducive to forming a large tangential angle and an appropriate swirl intensity cannot be obtained.

[0021] In the present invention, the first guide block and the second guide block are two mutually cooperating wedge-shaped blocks; the cross-sectional shape of the wedge-shaped block is a triangle.

[0022] In the present invention, along the axial direction of the main body plate, the height of the adjustable guide block is the same as the height of the second chamber, so that the gas entering the second chamber can only flow out along the gap between the first guide block and the second guide block.

[0023] In the present invention, the housing includes an upper housing and a lower housing. The side walls of the upper housing and the lower housing are butted, and the main body plate is arranged between the butting surfaces of the upper housing and the lower housing. The upper housing, the main body plate, and the lower housing are clamped together by fasteners. With this structure, the main body plate can rotate relative to the side wall of the housing with the second hole as the center. When the main body plate needs to be adjusted, the fasteners are opened, the main body plate is rotated by a certain angle, and then the fasteners are tightened, so as to adjust the gap width between the first guide block and the second guide block.

[0024] Among them, the fastener preferably includes an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate and a connecting member. The housing is clamped between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, and both ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. A central hole is provided at the center of the upper clamping plate for the central tube to pass through. A plurality of connecting holes are provided around the upper clamping plate for connecting the connecting member. The shape of the lower clamping plate is the same as that of the upper clamping plate.

[0025] Among them, the connecting member is preferably a stud and a nut. Threads are provided at both ends of the stud, and the nut is in threaded connection with the threads at both ends of the stud. The upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate are connected by a screw-nut structure, and the clamping force is adjustable and the assembly is convenient.

[0026] In the present invention, the third hole is preferably provided on the side wall of the first chamber to avoid interference with the central tube. More preferably, the third hole is vertically provided on the side wall of the first chamber.

[0027] In the present invention, preferably, a plurality of the fifth holes are distributed in a concentric circle array with the fourth hole as the center to improve the dispersion of the gas entering the second chamber.

[0028] In the present invention, the difference between the outer diameter of the first hole and the central tube is preferably not more than 2 mm, which is convenient for the assembly of the central tube and the sealing ring.

[0029] In the present invention, the aperture size of the fourth hole only needs to be convenient for the assembly of the central tube, and the aperture of the fourth hole can be equal to the aperture of the second hole.

[0030] In the present invention, the extension surface of the wedge-shaped surface can be tangent to the tube wall of the central tube, so that the gas in the gap between the first guide block and the second guide block is input in the tangential direction of the central tube, improving the gas shear ratio.

[0031] In the present invention, the channel is preferably an annular channel, which helps to mix the gas and the material more evenly. The width of the annular channel is not particularly limited as long as the gas flow is smooth and a stable swirling flow can be formed.

[0032] In the present invention, preferably, the mixing tube is coaxial with the second hole. Preferably, the inner diameter of the mixing tube is the same as the aperture of the second hole.

[0033] Among them, an outlet tube can also be provided on the second hole and is connected to the mixing tube through the outlet tube. Preferably, the outlet tube and the mixing tube are connected by a flange.

[0034] In the present invention, preferably, the outermost edge of the main body plate is flush with the outer side wall of the housing, so that the exterior of the housing and the exterior of the main body plate form an integral structure.

[0035] In the present invention, the shape of the housing can be conventional in the art, such as cylindrical. The shape of the main body plate can be conventional in the art, such as circular.

[0036] In the present invention, the other end of the central tube preferably extends 2 - 3 cm beyond the bottom of the housing to prevent gas from flowing back into the central tube and affecting the coal feed.

[0037] In the present invention, the central tube is preferably connected to the top of the housing through a clamping member.

[0038] Among them, the clamping member can be a conventional member in the art that can fixedly clamp the central tube on the housing. The clamping member preferably includes a base and two clamping plates; a hole is provided in the center of the base for the central tube to pass through, and the base is connected to the first hole; each clamping plate is provided with a clamping portion and a fixing portion, the fixing portion is arranged on both sides of the clamping portion, the shape of the clamping portion is an arc matching the outer contour of the central tube, and a connection hole is provided on the fixing portion. One of the clamping plates is connected to the base, and the fixing portions on the two clamping plates are connected together by bolts, facilitating the clamping and assembly of the central tube.

[0039] Among them, the base is preferably a flange structure, facilitating connection with other components.

[0040] Among them, in order to facilitate the connection between the clamping member and the housing, preferably, a central tube sleeve is connected to the first hole. The inner diameter of the central tube sleeve matches the outer diameter of the central tube. The central tube sleeve is used for assembling the central tube, and a first connection flange is provided at the end of the central tube sleeve. The first connection flange is connected to the base.

[0041] Among them, when a central tube sleeve is provided, a sealing member can be provided between the central tube and the central tube sleeve. The sealing member is used to seal the assembly gap between the central tube and the central tube sleeve.

[0042] In order to facilitate sealing the assembly gap, the sealing member preferably includes a pressure tube and a sealing ring. The pressure tube includes a tube body and a second connection flange provided at one end of the tube body. The inner diameter of the tube body matches the outer diameter of the central tube, and the outer diameter of the tube body matches the inner diameter of the central tube sleeve; the sealing ring and the tube body are sequentially arranged in the assembly gap; the second connection flange is connected to the first connection flange.

[0043] The present invention also discloses a gasifier, which includes the aforementioned swirl nozzle.

[0044] The positive and progressive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0045] The swirl nozzle of the present invention has a strong operating flexibility. When the physical properties of the solid material change or the production requirements change, the swirl ratio can be adjusted to adapt to the adjustment of production parameters, so as to improve the dispersion characteristics of the material, and further achieve the purpose of improving the gasification efficiency.

[0046] The swirl nozzle of the present invention is simple to operate and low in cost. The shear ratio can be adjusted only by rotating the main body plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the swirl nozzle recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the swirl nozzle recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the swirl nozzle recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the lower part structure of the housing recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the back structure of

[0052] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the upper part structure of the housing recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 7 is Figure 6 a schematic diagram of the back structure of

[0054] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the main body plate structure recorded in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a schematic diagram of the back structure of

[0056] Figure 10 is a top view of the adjustable guide block when the main body plate rotates at different angles in the embodiment of the present invention, (a) the angle is 90°, (b) the angle is 45°, (c) the angle is 67.5°;

[0057] Figure 11 is a diagram of pulverized coal dispersion in the gasifier in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 12 is a diagram of pulverized coal dispersion in the gasifier in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 13 It is the pulverized coal dispersion diagram in the gasifier of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0060] Description of the reference numerals:

[0061] Shell 1

[0062] First hole 101

[0063] Second hole 102

[0064] Third hole 103

[0065] First chamber 104

[0066] Second chamber 105

[0067] Channel 106

[0068] Upper part of the shell 107

[0069] Lower part of the shell 108

[0070] Central pipe casing 109

[0071] Outlet pipe 110

[0072] Mixing pipe 111

[0073] Swirl adjusting member 2

[0074] Main body plate 201

[0075] Fourth hole 202

[0076] Fifth hole 203

[0077] Adjustable guide block 204

[0078] First guide block 205

[0079] Second guide block 206

[0080] Gap 207

[0081] Central pipe 3

[0082] Fastener 4

[0083] Upper clamping plate 401

[0084] Lower clamping plate 402

[0085] Connecting member 403

[0086] Clamping member 5

[0087] Clamping plate 502

[0088] Base 501

[0089] Clamping portion 503

[0090] Fixed part 504

[0091] Seal 6

[0092] Pressure pipe 601

[0093] Sealing ring 602 Detailed implementation mode

[0094] The present invention will be further described below by way of embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the described embodiments.

[0095] It should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. It should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0097] For the experimental methods without specific conditions in the following embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to the product instructions.

[0098] Embodiment 1

[0099] This embodiment discloses a swirl nozzle, as Figures 1 to 10 shown, which includes: a housing 1, a swirl adjusting member 2, a central tube 3 and a mixing tube 111;

[0100] The housing 1 is provided with a first hole 101, a second hole 102 and a third hole 103; the first hole 101 is provided at the top of the housing 1, the second hole 102 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1, and the first hole 101 and the second hole 102 are coaxial; the third hole 103 is used to introduce gas into the cavity of the housing 1;

[0101] The swirl adjusting member 2 is arranged inside the housing 1; the swirl adjusting member 2 includes a main body plate 201 and a plurality of adjustable guide blocks 204. The main body plate 201 is connected to the side wall of the housing 1, and the main body plate 201 can rotate relative to the side wall of the housing 1 with the second hole 102 as the center; the main body plate 201 divides the inner cavity of the housing 1 into a first chamber 104 and a second chamber 105. The third hole 103 communicates with the first chamber 104, and the third hole 103 is arranged on the side wall of the first chamber 104;

[0102] A fourth hole 202 and a plurality of fifth holes 203 are arranged on the main body plate 201. The fourth hole 202 is arranged at the center of the main body plate 201, and the fourth hole 202 is coaxial with the first hole 101; a plurality of fifth holes 203 are arranged in a concentric circle array around the main body plate 201 with the fourth hole 202 as the center. In the radial direction of the main body plate 201, the fifth holes 203 are located on the outer periphery of the adjustable guide blocks 204. The fifth holes 203 communicate the first chamber 104 and the second chamber 105, and the fifth holes 203 are used for passing gas.

[0103] The adjustable guide blocks 204 are arranged in the second chamber 105, and a plurality of adjustable guide blocks 204 are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main body plate 201 with the fourth hole 202 as the center; each adjustable guide block 204 includes a first guide block 205 and a second guide block 206. The first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 are in wedge surface fit, and there is a certain distance between the extension surface of the wedge surface and the center of the fourth hole 202. This distance is half of the outer diameter of the central pipe; the first guide block 205 is connected to the main body plate 201, and the second guide block 206 is connected to the bottom of the housing 1. The width of the gap 207 between the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is adjusted by rotating the main body plate 201;

[0104] The central pipe 3 is used for conveying materials. One end of the central pipe 3 is arranged above the top of the housing 1, and the other end passes through the first hole 101, the fourth hole 202 and the second hole 102 and is arranged below the bottom of the housing 1; the apertures of the first hole 101 and the fourth hole 202 are both matched with the outer diameter of the central pipe 3, and the aperture of the second hole 102 is larger than the outer diameter of the central pipe 3, so that a channel 106 for gas to pass through is formed between the inner wall of the second hole 102 and the outer wall of the central pipe 3. The channel 106 is an annular channel.

[0105] An outlet pipe 110 is arranged on the second hole 102. The outlet pipe 110 is coaxial with the second hole 102. The inner diameter of the outlet pipe 110 is the same as the diameter of the second hole 102. The bottom of the central pipe 3 extends into the outlet pipe 110. The end of the outlet pipe 110 is connected to a mixing pipe 111. The mixing pipe 111 is connected to the outlet pipe 110 by a flange. The inner diameter of the mixing pipe 111 is the same as the inner diameter of the outlet pipe 110. The inside of the mixing pipe 111 is a chamber for mixing the swirling gas and the material.

[0106] In this embodiment, the housing 1 includes an upper housing part 107 and a lower housing part 108. The side walls of the upper housing part 107 and the lower housing part 108 are butted against each other. The main body plate 201 is disposed between the butting surfaces of the upper housing part 107 and the lower housing part 108. The upper housing part 107, the main body plate 201, and the lower housing part 108 are clamped by the fastener 4. Specifically, the fastener 4 includes an upper clamping plate 401, a lower clamping plate 402, and a connecting member 403. The housing 1 is clamped between the upper clamping plate 401 and the lower clamping plate 402. The two ends of the connecting member 403 are respectively connected to the upper clamping plate 401 and the lower clamping plate 402. A central hole is provided at the center of the upper clamping plate 401 for the central tube 3 to pass through. A plurality of connecting holes are provided around the upper clamping plate 401 for connecting the connecting member 403. The shape of the lower clamping plate is the same as that of the upper clamping plate. The connecting member 403 is a stud and a nut. Threads are provided at both ends of the stud. The nut is in threaded engagement with the threads at both ends of the stud. The upper clamping plate 401 and the lower clamping plate 402 are connected by a screw-nut structure.

[0107] The outermost edge of the main body plate 201 is flush with the outer side wall of the housing 1, so that the exterior of the housing 1 and the exterior of the main body plate 201 form an integral structure.

[0108] Along the axis of the main body plate 201, the height of the adjustable guide block 204 is the same as the height of the second chamber 105, so that the gas entering the second chamber 105 can only flow out along the gap 207 between the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206.

[0109] There are four adjustable guide blocks 204, and the four adjustable guide blocks 204 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction.

[0110] The cross-sectional shape of the outermost contour of the adjustable guide block 204 is a sector, and the extension lines of the two sides of the sector pass through the center of the circle of the fourth hole 202. The included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two sides of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 in each adjustable guide block 204 is 90°, as shown in Figure 10 Figure (a) below.

[0111] The first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 are two mutually cooperating wedge-shaped blocks, and the cross-sectional shape of the wedge-shaped block is a triangle.

[0112] The central pipe 3 is connected to the top of the housing 1 through the clamping member 5. Among them, the clamping member 5 includes a base 501 and two clamping plates 502; a hole is provided in the center of the base 501 for the central pipe 3 to pass through, and the base 501 is connected to the first hole 101, and the base 501 is a flange structure; each clamping plate 502 is provided with a clamping portion 503 and a fixing portion 504, the fixing portion 504 is arranged on both sides of the clamping portion 503, the shape of the clamping portion 503 is an arc matching the outer contour of the central pipe 3, and a connection hole is provided on the fixing portion 504. One of the clamping plates 502 is connected to the base 501, and the fixing portions 504 on the two clamping plates 502 are connected together by bolts, and the central pipe 3 is clamped on the clamping member 5.

[0113] A central pipe sleeve 109 is connected to the first hole 101. The inner diameter of the central pipe sleeve 109 matches the outer diameter of the central pipe 3. The central pipe sleeve 109 is used for assembling the central pipe 3. A first connection flange is provided at the end of the central pipe sleeve 109, and the first connection flange is connected to the base 501.

[0114] A seal 6 is provided between the central pipe 3 and the central pipe sleeve 109 for sealing the assembly gap between the central pipe 3 and the central pipe sleeve 109. The seal 6 includes a pressure pipe 601 and a sealing ring 602. The pressure pipe 601 includes a pipe body and a second connection flange provided at one end of the pipe body. The inner diameter of the pipe body matches the outer diameter of the central pipe 3, and the outer diameter of the pipe body matches the inner diameter of the central pipe sleeve 109; the sealing ring 602 and the pipe body are sequentially arranged in the assembly gap, and the second connection flange is connected to the first connection flange.

[0115] The lengths of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 along the radial direction of the housing are both 5 cm, the heights of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 along the axial direction of the housing are both 3 cm, the shape of the housing is cylindrical, the radius of the housing is 15 cm, the shape of the main body plate is circular, the radius of the main body plate is 15 cm, the outer diameter of the central pipe is 6 cm, the diameters of the second hole 102 and the fourth hole 202 are both 10 cm, the difference between the aperture of the first hole 101 and the outer diameter of the central pipe 3 is not more than 2 mm, the difference between the aperture of the fourth hole 202 and the outer diameter of the central pipe 3 is not more than 2 mm, the other end of the central pipe 3 extends 2 cm beyond the bottom of the housing 1, the length of the mixing pipe 111 is 10 cm, the inner diameter of the mixing pipe 111 is 10 cm, and the wall thickness of the housing 1 is 5 mm.

[0116] The top of the central pipe 3 is connected to the pulverized coal feeder, the third hole 103 of the housing 1 is connected to the fan, and the mixing pipe 111 is connected to the gasifier feed port. Among them, the inner diameter of the furnace wall of the gasifier is 60 cm, and the height inside the gasifier furnace is 100 cm.

[0117] The materials and operating conditions of this embodiment are as follows:

[0118] In this embodiment, the coal used is dried pulverized coal with an average particle size of 1 mm, a feeding rate of 36 kg / h, and an air feeding rate of 450 Nm 3 / h. Both the pulverized coal and the air are fed at atmospheric pressure, and the operation inside the furnace is at atmospheric pressure.

[0119] Example 2

[0120] To compare the influence of different shear ratios on the dispersion of pulverized coal, the width of the gap 207 between the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is adjusted to 0, so that the included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two side edges of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is 45°, as shown in Figure 10 Figure (b) below. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0121] Example 3

[0122] It is basically the same as Example 1, except that: the width of the gap 207 between the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is adjusted so that the included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two side edges of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is 67.5°, as shown in Figure 10 Figure (c) below.

[0123] Implementation effect:

[0124] Figure 11 The following shows the pulverized coal dispersion diagram inside the gasifier of Example 1, Figure 12 The following shows the pulverized coal dispersion diagram inside the gasifier of Example 2, Figure 13 The following shows the pulverized coal dispersion diagram inside the gasifier of Example 3. In the figure, contour lines are used to represent the concentration of pulverized coal, and the corresponding values on the contour lines are the concentration values of the pulverized coal distribution, with the unit of kg / m 3 .

[0125] When the included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two side edges of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is 45°, the air completely flows towards the center of the central pipe 3, which is similar to the operation mode of the nozzle of a common gasifier. At this time, the shear ratio is the smallest. From Figure 12 , the dispersion effect of the pulverized coal is relatively poor, and it is basically dispersed at the axis of the furnace.

[0126] When the included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two side edges of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is 90°, the air is completely input from the tangential direction of the central pipe 3. At this time, the shear ratio is the largest. From Figure 11 , it can be seen that the pulverized coal is basically evenly dispersed at various positions inside the furnace. Compared with the 45° angle, the dispersion effect is greatly improved.

[0127] When the included angle between the extension lines of the outermost two side edges of the first guide block 205 and the second guide block 206 is 67.5°, the pulverized coal is very evenly dispersed at various positions in the furnace. Compared with the included angles of 45° and 90°, the dispersion effect is greatly improved, indicating that the optimization of pulverized coal dispersion can be achieved by adjusting the included angle of the guide blocks.

[0128] Therefore, it can be obtained that, compared with ordinary nozzles, the dispersion effect of solid particles of the present invention is greatly improved, and the shear ratio can be freely adjusted to adapt to the needs of different raw material characteristics and operations.

[0129] Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Without departing from the principle and essence of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A swirl nozzle, characterized in that, It includes: A housing, on which a first hole, a second hole and a third hole are provided; The first hole is provided at the top of the housing, the second hole is provided at the bottom of the housing, and the first hole and the second hole are coaxially arranged; A central tube for conveying materials, one end of the central tube is provided above the top of the housing, and the other end extends outside the bottom of the housing after passing through the first hole and the second hole; the aperture of the first hole matches the outer diameter of the central tube, and the aperture of the second hole is larger than the outer diameter of the central tube, so that a channel for gas to pass through is formed between the hole wall of the second hole and the outer wall of the central tube; A swirl adjusting member provided inside the housing; the swirl adjusting member includes a main body plate and a plurality of adjustable guide blocks, the main body plate is connected to the side wall of the housing, and the main body plate can rotate relative to the side wall of the housing with the central tube as the axis; the main body plate divides the inner cavity of the housing into a first chamber and a second chamber, and the third hole is opened on the wall surface of the first chamber, and the third hole is used to introduce gas into the inner cavity of the housing; A fourth hole and a plurality of fifth holes are provided on the main body plate, the fourth hole is provided at the center of the main body plate, the fourth hole is coaxially arranged with the first hole, and the central tube passes through the fourth hole; a plurality of the fifth holes are arranged circumferentially on the main body plate with the fourth hole as the center, and the fifth holes communicate the first chamber and the second chamber, and the fifth holes are used to pass the gas; in the radial direction of the main body plate, the fifth holes are located outside the periphery of the adjustable guide blocks; The adjustable guide blocks are arranged in the second chamber, and a plurality of the adjustable guide blocks are sequentially arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the main body plate with the fourth hole as the center; each adjustable guide block includes a first guide block and a second guide block, and the first guide block and the second guide block are matched by a wedge surface, and there is a distance between the extension surface of the wedge surface and the center of the fourth hole; the first guide block is connected to the main body plate, and the second guide block is connected to the inner bottom surface of the housing, and is used to adjust the gap width between the first guide block and the second guide block by rotating the main body plate; A mixing tube connected to the second hole, the inner cavity of the mixing tube communicates with the channel, and the other end of the central tube extends into the inner cavity of the mixing tube, and the inner cavity of the mixing tube is used to mix the gas adjusted by the swirl adjusting member and the material flowing out of the central tube.

2. The swirl nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the outermost contour of the adjustable guide block is fan-shaped, and the extension lines of the two sides of the fan shape pass through the center of the fourth hole; And / or, the included angle between the two outermost sides of the adjustable guide block is 45-90°; And / or, the first guide block and the second guide block are two mutually cooperating wedge blocks, and the cross-sectional shape of the wedge block is triangular; And / or, along the axial direction of the main body plate, the height of the adjustable guide block is the same as the height of the second chamber; And / or, the mixing tube is coaxial with the second hole; And / or, the inner diameter of the mixing tube is the same as the aperture of the second hole.

3. The swirl nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing includes an upper housing part and a lower housing part. The side walls of the upper housing part and the lower housing part are butted against each other. The main body plate is arranged between the butting surfaces of the upper housing part and the lower housing part, and the upper housing part, the main body plate, and the lower housing part are clamped together by fasteners. And / or, the central tube is connected to the top of the housing through a clamping member. And / or, an outlet tube is arranged on the second hole, and the outlet tube is coaxial with the second hole.

4. The swirl nozzle according to claim 3, wherein, The fasteners include an upper clamping plate, a lower clamping plate, and a connecting member. The housing is clamped between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, and the two ends of the connecting member are respectively connected to the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate. A central hole is arranged at the center of the upper clamping plate, and the central hole is for the central tube to pass through. A plurality of connecting holes are arranged around the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate, and the connecting holes are for connecting the connecting member.

5. The swirl nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping member includes a base and two clamping plates. A hole is arranged at the center of the base for the central tube to pass through, and the base is connected to the first hole. Each clamping plate is provided with a clamping part and a fixing part. The fixing part is arranged on both sides of the clamping part. The shape of the clamping part is an arc matching the outer contour of the central tube. A connecting hole is arranged on the fixing part. One of the clamping plates is connected to the base, and the fixing parts on the two clamping plates are connected together by bolts.

6. The swirl nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base is a flange structure. And / or, a central tube sleeve is connected to the first hole. The inner diameter of the central tube sleeve matches the outer diameter of the central tube. The central tube sleeve is used for assembling the central tube. A first connecting flange is arranged at the end of the central tube sleeve, and the first connecting flange is connected to the base.

7. The swirl nozzle according to claim 6, wherein, A sealing member is arranged between the central tube and the central tube sleeve, and the sealing member is used for sealing the assembly gap between the central tube and the central tube sleeve.

8. The swirl nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sealing member includes a pressure tube and a sealing ring. The pressure tube includes a tube body and a second connecting flange arranged at one end of the tube body. The inner diameter of the tube body matches the outer diameter of the central tube, and the outer diameter of the tube body matches the inner diameter of the central tube sleeve. The sealing ring and the tube body are sequentially arranged in the assembly gap. The second connecting flange is connected to the first connecting flange.

9. The swirl nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third hole is vertically arranged on the side wall of the first chamber. And / or, a plurality of the fifth holes are distributed in a concentric circle array centered on the fourth hole. And / or, the housing is a cylindrical housing. And / or, the main body plate is a circular plate. And / or, the other end of the central tube extends 2-3 cm beyond the bottom of the housing.

10. A gasifier, characterized in that, It includes the swirl nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9.

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