Nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy and a preparation method thereof, and the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy comprises the following chemical elements in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.0500% of carbon, less than or equal to 0.6000% of silicon, less than or equal to 3.0000% of manganese, less than or equal to 0.0250% of phosphorus, less than or equal to 0.0200% of sulfur, less than or equal to 8.0000% of nickel, 20.00000%-27.0000% of chromium, 7.0000%-7.5000% of aluminum and the balance of iron. According to the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared by adopting the formula and the method disclosed by the invention, the highest resistivity can reach 1.65 omega.m, the resistivity is effectively improved, the efficiency of converting electric energy into heat energy is higher, meanwhile, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy can pass a 24-hour salt spray test, and the high resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy allows a shorter or finer alloy material to reach a target resistance value; and the cost of raw materials is reduced, a more compact heating unit can be designed in a space-limited scene (such as a small electric appliance), and the lightweight design is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of alloy technologies, and particularly to a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Electric heating materials refer to materials that can convert electrical energy into heat energy, and these materials can generate heat when powered on. Electric heating materials are widely used in various electric heating devices, such as electric heaters, electric blankets, electric ovens, electric soldering irons, etc.

[0003] Currently, there are many metal electric heating materials, such as nickel-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, etc. Due to the reasonable ratio of chemical elements in these metal electric heating materials, their general resistivity is low, resulting in a very low efficiency of converting electrical energy into heat energy. At the same time, these materials are all difficult to pass the 24-hour salt spray test. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the current metal electric heating materials. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems that the existing metal electric heating materials have a low resistivity and are difficult to pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon ≤ 0.0500%, silicon ≤ 0.6000%, manganese ≤ 3.0000%, phosphorus ≤ 0.0250%, sulfur ≤ 0.0200%, nickel ≤ 8.0000%, chromium 20.0000% - 27.0000%, aluminum 7.0000% - 7.5000%, and the balance is iron.

[0007] Preferably, it is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon 0.0150%, silicon 0.4500%, manganese 2.0000%, phosphorus 0.0220%, sulfur ≤ 0.0010%, nickel 5.0000%, chromium 25.0000%, aluminum 7.1000%, and the balance is iron.

[0008] A preparation method of a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentages of the above chemical elements respectively, and then add them to a melting furnace for primary melting and refining. The smelting temperature is 1450°C to smelt a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt.

[0010] (2) Cast the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt, and then successively carry out cooling and continuous casting, hot rolling and cold rolling. The hot rolling temperature is 950 °C, and a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip is obtained after hot rolling.

[0011] (3) Subject the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip to pickling, passivation, polishing, heat treatment, finish rolling, slitting, inspection and packaging in sequence. The heat treatment temperature is 850 °C.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as can be seen from the above technical solutions:

[0013] By using the formula and method of the present invention to prepare a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy, its resistivity can reach up to 1.65 Ω·m at most, effectively improving the resistivity, making the conversion efficiency of electric energy into heat energy higher. At the same time, it can pass the 24-hour salt spray test. The high resistivity of this product allows the use of shorter or thinner alloy materials to achieve the target resistance value, reducing the raw material cost. In space-limited scenarios (such as small appliances), more compact heating units can be designed and a lightweight design can be achieved. This product is suitable for manufacturing electric heating elements (such as heating wires, industrial electric furnaces, household heaters, etc.), especially equipment that requires rapid heating or high-temperature stability. Specific Embodiments

[0014] The present invention discloses a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy, which is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon ≤ 0.0500%, silicon ≤ 0.6000%, manganese ≤ 3.0000%, phosphorus ≤ 0.0250%, sulfur ≤ 0.0200%, nickel ≤ 8.0000%, chromium 20.0000% - 27.0000%, aluminum 7.0000% - 7.5000%, and the rest is iron. Chromium (Cr) and aluminum (Al) form a dense oxide film (such as Cr2O3, Al2O3) at high temperatures, significantly enhancing the antioxidant and corrosion resistance capabilities and prolonging the service life of the element, enabling this product to work in a high-temperature environment above 800 °C for a long time, and being suitable for industrial furnaces, heat treatment equipment, etc.; while the addition of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) enhances the mechanical strength of the alloy and reduces deformation or fracture at high temperatures.

[0015] The present invention also discloses a preparation method of the aforementioned nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy, including the following steps:

[0016] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentages of the above chemical elements respectively, and then add them to a melting furnace for primary melting and refining. The smelting temperature is 1450 °C, and a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt is smelted.

[0017] (2) Cast the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt, and then successively carry out cooling and continuous casting, hot rolling and cold rolling. The hot rolling temperature is 950 °C, and a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip is obtained after hot rolling.

[0018] (3) The nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip is successively pickled, passivated, polished, heat-treated, precision-rolled, slit, inspected and packaged, and the heat treatment temperature is 850 °C.

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with multiple embodiments:

[0020] Embodiment 1:

[0021] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0150%, silicon is 0.4500%, manganese is 2.0000%, phosphorus is 0.0220%, sulfur is ≤0.0010%, nickel is 5.0000%, chromium is 25.0000%, aluminum is 7.1000%, and the balance is iron.

[0022] In the preparation, the following steps are included:

[0023] (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentages of the above chemical elements respectively, and then add them to the melting furnace for primary melting and refining. The smelting temperature is 1450 °C, and a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt is smelted.

[0024] (2) Cast the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt, and then successively carry out cooling and continuous casting, hot rolling and cold rolling. The hot rolling temperature is 950 °C, and a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip is obtained after hot rolling.

[0025] (3) The nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip is successively pickled, passivated, polished, heat-treated, precision-rolled, slit, inspected and packaged, and the heat treatment temperature is 850 °C.

[0026] After use and testing, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment is 1.65 Ω·m, with high resistance characteristics. That is, under the same voltage, a smaller current can be passed to generate more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)), and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into heat energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0500%, silicon is 0.6000%, manganese is 3.0000%, phosphorus is 0.0250%, sulfur is 0.0200%, nickel is 8.0000%, chromium is 20.0000%, aluminum is 7.0000%, and the balance is iron.

[0029] The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of the aforementioned Embodiment 1, and the preparation method of this embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0030] After usage tests, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example is 1.63 Ω·m, which has high resistance characteristics. That is, under the same voltage, more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)) can be generated with a smaller current, and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into thermal energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0031] Example 3:

[0032] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0300%, silicon is 0.4000%, manganese is 2.0000%, phosphorus is 0.0200%, sulfur is 0.0100%, nickel is 7.0000%, chromium is 20.0000%, aluminum is 7.0000%, and the rest is iron.

[0033] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of the previous Example 1, and the preparation method of this example will not be described in detail here.

[0034] After usage tests, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example is 1.64 Ω·m, which has high resistance characteristics. That is, under the same voltage, more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)) can be generated with a smaller current, and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into thermal energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0035] Example 4:

[0036] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0100%, silicon is 0.2000%, manganese is 2.0000%, phosphorus is 0.0100%, sulfur is 0.0150%, nickel is 4.0000%, chromium is 26.0000%, aluminum is 7.5000%, and the rest is iron.

[0037] The preparation method of this example is the same as that of the previous Example 1, and the preparation method of this example will not be described in detail here.

[0038] After usage tests, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example is 1.63 Ω·m, which has high resistance characteristics. That is, under the same voltage, more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)) can be generated with a smaller current, and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into thermal energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this example can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0039] Example 5:

[0040] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0150%, silicon is 0.2500%, manganese is 1.1500%, phosphorus is 0.0050%, sulfur is 0.0105%, nickel is 3.5000%, chromium is 27.0000%, aluminum is 7.1500%, and the balance is iron.

[0041] The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of the aforementioned Embodiment 1, and the preparation method of this embodiment will not be described in detail herein.

[0042] After use tests, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment is 1.62 Ω·m, having high-resistance characteristics, that is, under the same voltage, more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)) can be generated by a smaller current, and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into heat energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0043] Embodiment 6:

[0044] A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy is composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon is 0.0350%, silicon is ≤0.3500%, manganese is ≤1.6000%, phosphorus is 0.0050%, sulfur is 0.0050%, nickel is 4.5500%, chromium is 24.0000%, aluminum is 7.2000%, and the balance is iron.

[0045] The preparation method of this embodiment is the same as that of the aforementioned Embodiment 1, and the preparation method of this embodiment will not be described in detail herein.

[0046] After use tests, the resistivity of the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment is 1.61 Ω·m, having high-resistance characteristics, that is, under the same voltage, more Joule heat (\(Q = I^2Rt\)) can be generated by a smaller current, and the efficiency of converting electrical energy into heat energy is higher. At the same time, the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy prepared in this embodiment can pass the 24-hour salt spray test.

[0047] The design focus of the present invention is that by using the formula and method of the present invention to prepare a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy, its resistivity can reach up to 1.65 Ω·m at most, effectively improving the resistivity, making the efficiency of converting electrical energy into heat energy higher, and at the same time, it can pass the 24-hour salt spray test. The high resistivity of this product allows the use of shorter or thinner alloy materials to achieve the target resistance value, reducing the raw material cost. In a space-limited scenario (such as small appliances), a more compact heating unit can be designed and a lightweight design can be achieved. This product is suitable for manufacturing electric heating elements (such as heating wires, industrial electric furnaces, household heaters, etc.), especially equipment that requires rapid temperature rise or high-temperature stability.

[0048] The technical principle of the present invention has been described above in connection with specific embodiments. These descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the present invention and cannot be construed in any way as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art can readily conceive of other specific embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts, and these embodiments will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy, characterized in that: Composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon ≤ 0.0500%, silicon ≤ 0.6000%, manganese ≤ 3.0000%, phosphorus ≤ 0.0250%, sulfur ≤ 0.0200%, nickel ≤ 8.0000%, chromium 20.0000% - 27.0000%, aluminum 7.0000% - 7.5000%, and the balance being iron.

2. The nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Composed of chemical elements in the following mass ratios: carbon 0.0150%, silicon 0.4500%, manganese 2.0000%, phosphorus 0.0220%, sulfur ≤ 0.0010%, nickel 5.0000%, chromium 25.0000%, aluminum 7.1000%, and the balance being iron.

3. A method for preparing a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Including the following steps: (1) Weigh the raw materials according to the mass percentages of the above chemical elements respectively, and then add them to a melting furnace for primary melting and refining. The smelting temperature is 1450°C to smelt a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt. (2) Cast the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy melt, and then successively carry out cooling and continuous casting, hot rolling and cold rolling. The hot rolling temperature is 950°C to obtain a nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip after hot rolling. (3) Successively carry out pickling, passivation, polishing, heat treatment, finish rolling, slitting, inspection and packaging on the nickel-iron-chromium-aluminum-manganese alloy strip. The heat treatment temperature is 850°C.