Stepped layered soil fixation and slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics

Abstract

The invention discloses a stepped layered soil fixation and slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics, and belongs to the technical field of ecological slope protection, the stepped layered soil fixation and slope protection structure comprises a stepped frame, a soil fixation module and a water circulation module, the stepped frame is composed of a plurality of slope protection units, the slope protection units are arranged in a stepped mode along a slope surface to form a multi-layer stepped platform, and the water circulation module is connected with the soil fixation module. The adjacent step platforms are connected through anchor rods, the slope protection units are hollow, and root system imitating grooves are formed in the slope protection units. The soil fixation module is arranged in the slope protection unit and is divided into a base layer module, a middle module and a surface layer module from bottom to top; the water circulation module is connected with the step platforms of all the layers and supplies water to vegetation. According to the layered plant root system bionic structure, the anti-sliding and anti-scouring capacity is improved, the stepped structure is adopted, slope runoff is dispersed through the stepped platform, meanwhile, the growth space of plants is provided, engineering materials and the plants are combined, the efficient, ecological and lasting soil fixation and slope protection structure is formed, construction is convenient and fast, and the structure can adapt to complex terrains.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection, and in particular to a stepped layered soil consolidation slope protection structure based on plant root bionics. Background Art

[0002] Traditional slope protection structures (such as concrete lattice, retaining wall, gabion, etc.) are mostly made of rigid materials. Although they have certain anti-erosion capabilities, they have problems such as ecological damage, landscape fragmentation, and high maintenance costs. In recent years, ecological slope protection technology has gradually emerged, but the existing technology lacks synergy between plant roots and engineering structures, resulting in unstable soil consolidation effects, especially in steep slopes or loose soil conditions. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stepped layered soil consolidation and slope protection structure based on plant root bionics to solve the above problems, simulate the layered coordination mechanism of natural roots, combine engineering materials and plants, and form an efficient, ecological and durable soil consolidation and slope protection structure.

[0004] Technical solution: The present invention provides a stepped layered soil-fixing and slope protection structure based on plant root bionics, including: a stepped frame, a soil-fixing module, and a water circulation module. The stepped frame is composed of a plurality of slope protection units, and the slope protection units are arranged in a stepped manner along the slope surface to form multi-layered stepped platforms. Adjacent step platforms are connected by anchor rods. The interior of the slope protection unit is hollow and has root-simulating grooves. The soil-fixing module is arranged in the slope protection unit, and is divided into a base module, an intermediate module, and a surface module from bottom to top. The water circulation module connects the stepped platforms of each layer to supply water to the vegetation.

[0005] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root bionics, the base module is located at the bottom of the slope protection unit, and a Y-shaped node is formed by weaving or knotting high-strength braided ropes. A plurality of cables are arranged according to the imitation root grooves, embedded in the imitation root grooves, and epoxy resin glue is injected at the nodes; the middle module simulates the lateral root network, and a grid geogrid is horizontally and staggeredly laid on the base module, the interior is filled with soil and organic mixture, and deep-rooted shrubs are planted in the grid; the surface module is located above the middle module to simulate the characteristics of fibrous roots, and a porous fiber mat is used to cover the middle module, and planting holes are arranged on the fiber mat according to a diamond grid, and the planting holes are filled with vegetation substrates, and herbaceous plant seeds are pre-buried or seedlings are directly transplanted.

[0006] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-solidifying slope protection structure based on plant root bionics, the slope protection unit is made of precast concrete, recycled plastic or ecological composite materials, the height difference of each layer of the stepped platform is 0.5-1.5m, and the width of the stepped platform is 1-3m.

[0007] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, the root-like grooves include main grooves, secondary grooves, and micro-grooves. The main grooves extend longitudinally and are distributed in a Y shape or radially. The secondary grooves branch outwards on both sides of the main grooves. The micro-grooves are fine grooves and are arranged inside the main grooves and secondary grooves.

[0008] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, the high-strength braided ropes used in the base module are ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene ropes, and the surfaces of the ropes are coated with anti-aging coatings.

[0009] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, drainage holes are reserved in the main grooves, secondary grooves, and micro-grooves, and permeable non-woven fabrics are laid to prevent waterlogging.

[0010] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, the planting holes are filled with a plant-growing substrate which is a mixture of soil, organic fertilizer, and water-retaining agent in a ratio of 6:3:1.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, a slow-release material layer is arranged at the bottom of the porous fiber mat used in the surface layer module. The slow-release material layer can be a biodegradable slow-release film containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, providing continuous nutrients for plants for 3 to 6 months.

[0012] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, the surface layer module and the middle module are connected by hook-shaped connectors to prevent sliding and ensure overall force-bearing.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, when the slope of the surface layer module is greater than 45°, a steel wire mesh needs to be embedded in the porous fiber mat used in the surface layer module to enhance the anti-slip ability.

[0014] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned stepped layered soil-retaining and slope-protecting structure imitating plant roots, the water circulation module includes a water storage tank, a water guide pipe, a rainwater collector, and a drain pipe. The water storage tank is arranged on the back slope or at a higher position on the slope. The water guide pipe connects the water storage tank to the drainage holes at the bottom of the root-like grooves. The rainwater collector is arranged at the top of the slope and is connected to the water storage tank through a pipe. The drain pipe is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the slope and is connected to each water guide pipe. The two ends are water outlets, and electronic valves are provided at the water outlets, and the switches are controlled by electronic signals.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: A stepped layered soil-fixing and slope-protecting structure based on plant root bionics of the present invention, with a layered plant root bionic structure, forms a soil-fixing network from deep to shallow, improving the anti-slip and anti-scouring capabilities. The stepped structure uses stepped platforms to disperse surface runoff on the slope, reducing local water pressure, and at the same time providing growth space for plants. Combining engineering materials and plants forms an efficient, ecological, and durable soil-fixing and slope-protecting structure, and modular construction is adopted, which is convenient and fast in construction and can adapt to complex terrains. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a stepped layered soil-fixing and slope-protecting structure based on plant root bionics of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a root-like groove imitation of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of an intermediate module of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a surface module of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: stepped frame 1, soil-fixing module 2, water circulation module 3, slope protection unit 11, base module 21, intermediate module 22, surface module 23, root-like groove imitation 111, planting hole 231, main groove 1111, secondary groove 1112, micro groove 1113, water storage tank 31, water guiding pipe 32, rainwater collector 33, drain pipe 34. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] Embodiment 1 As Figure 1-2 shown, a stepped layered soil-fixing and slope-protecting structure based on plant root bionics includes: a stepped frame 1, a soil-fixing module 2, and a water circulation module 3. The stepped frame 1 is composed of a plurality of slope protection units 11. The slope protection units 11 are arranged in a stepped manner along the slope to form multiple stepped platforms. Adjacent stepped platforms are connected by anchor bolts. The inside of the slope protection unit 11 is hollow and is provided with a root-like groove imitation 111 inside; the soil-fixing module 2 is arranged inside the slope protection unit 11 and is divided into a base module 21, an intermediate module 22, and a surface module 23 from bottom to top; the water circulation module 3 is connected to each stepped platform to supply water to the vegetation.

[0019] As Figure 1-3A stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root bionics is shown, wherein the base module 21 is located at the bottom of the slope protection unit 11, and is woven or knotted with high-strength braided ropes to form a Y-shaped node. Multiple cables are arranged according to the simulated root groove 111 and embedded in the simulated root groove 111 to enhance the anti-slip ability, and epoxy resin glue is injected at the node for curing to improve the integrity; the middle module 22 simulates the lateral root network, and is horizontally and staggeredly laid on the base module 21 with a grid geogrid, filled with soil and organic mixture, and deep-rooted shrubs are planted in the grid; the surface module 23 is located above the middle module 22 to simulate the fibrous root characteristics, and is covered above the middle module 22 with a porous fiber mat, and planting holes 231 are arranged on the fiber mat in a diamond grid, and the planting holes 231 are filled with vegetation substrates, and herbaceous plant seeds are pre-buried or seedlings are directly transplanted to form a surface anti-scour layer.

[0020] In this embodiment, the high-strength braided rope used in the base module 21 is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene rope, and the surface of the rope is coated with an anti-aging coating to improve durability.

[0021] In this embodiment, the porous fiber mat used in the surface module 23 can select suitable materials according to the climatic conditions of the application area to control the degradation rate of the fiber mat so that its degradation rate is synchronized with the development of the plant root system. After the fiber mat is degraded, the plant has formed a self-stabilizing structure, thereby ensuring soil consolidation and slope protection.

[0022] In this embodiment, the slope protection unit 11 is made of precast concrete, recycled plastic or ecological composite materials. The height difference of each layer of the stepped platform is 0.5-1.5m, and the width of the stepped platform is 1-3m. The stepped platform is used to disperse slope runoff, reduce local water pressure, and provide growth space for plants.

[0023] like Figure 2 A stepped layered soil-fixing and slope protection structure based on plant root bionics is shown, wherein the root-simulating groove 111 includes a main groove 1111, a secondary groove 1112, and a micro groove 1113. The main groove 1111 extends longitudinally and is distributed in a Y shape or radial shape, simulating the deep root path of the main root of the plant, and is used to fix the high-strength braided rope of the base module 21. The secondary groove 1112 branches outward on both sides of the main groove 1111 to simulate the horizontal expansion characteristics of the lateral roots. The micro groove 1113 is a fine groove and is arranged inside the main groove 1111 and the secondary groove 1112 to simulate the capillary structure of the fibrous root and enhance adhesion.

[0024] Example 2 On the basis of Example 1, in this example, Figure 1A stepped layered soil-retaining slope protection structure based on bionic plant roots is shown. The water circulation module 3 includes a water storage tank 31, a water conduction pipeline 32, a rainwater collector 33, and a drainage pipe 34. The water storage tank 31 is arranged at the back slope or the higher part of the slope. The water conduction pipeline 32 connects the water storage tank 31 to the drainage hole at the bottom of the bionic root groove 111. The rainwater collector 33 is arranged at the top of the slope and is connected to the water storage tank 31 through a pipeline. The drainage pipe 34 is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the slope and is connected to each water conduction pipeline 32. The two ends are water outlets, and electronic valves are provided at the water outlets, and the switches are controlled by electronic signals. Combining drainage and storage, rainwater can be collected during rainy days, which is beneficial to resource utilization. During the dry season, the water storage tank 31 releases the stored water to supplement the water for the planted plants. When the valve is closed, a closed water cycle is formed. During the rainy season, drainage is dominant, and when the valve is opened, excess water can be discharged in time.

[0025] In this embodiment, drainage holes are reserved in the main groove 1111, the secondary groove 1112, and the micro groove 1113, and a permeable non-woven fabric is laid to prevent water accumulation and blockage.

[0026] As Figure 4 A stepped layered soil-retaining slope protection structure based on bionic plant roots is shown. The planting hole 231 is filled with a vegetation substrate, which is a mixture of soil, organic fertilizer, and water-retaining agent, with a ratio of 6:3:1.

[0027] In this embodiment, a slow-release material layer is provided at the bottom of the porous fiber mat used in the surface layer module 23. The slow-release material layer can be a biodegradable slow-release film containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, providing continuous nutrients for plants for 3 to 6 months.

[0028] In this embodiment, the surface layer module 23 and the intermediate module 22 are connected by hook-shaped connectors to prevent sliding and ensure the overall force. When the slope of the surface layer module 23 is greater than 45°, a steel wire mesh needs to be embedded in the porous fiber mat used in the surface layer module 23 to enhance the anti-slip ability. The steel wire is galvanized steel wire or plastic-coated steel wire, and the mesh structure is diamond-shaped. The diamond-shaped mesh holes produce an "interlocking effect" on the soil mass, and the shear force is resisted by the friction between the wire and the soil particles. The steel wire mesh is coated with an anti-rust coating, and anchor bolts are inserted at the nodes of the steel wire mesh and extend into the slope body to enhance the anti-pulling force.

[0029] It should be noted that the above is only the technical solution of the invention and not a limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solution of the invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stepped hierarchical soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics, characterized in that: include: A step frame (1), wherein the step frame (1) is composed of a plurality of slope protection units (11), wherein the slope protection units (11) are arranged in a step-like manner along the slope surface to form a multi-layered step platform, and adjacent step platforms are connected by anchor rods, and the slope protection units (11) are hollow inside and provided with root-simulating grooves (111) inside; A soil consolidation module (2) is arranged in the slope protection unit (11), and is divided into a base module (21), an intermediate module (22), and a surface module (23) from bottom to top; the base module (21) is located at the bottom of the slope protection unit (11), and is woven or knotted with high-strength braided ropes to form a Y-shaped node, a plurality of ropes are arranged according to the simulated root system groove (111), embedded in the simulated root system groove (111), and epoxy resin glue is injected at the node; the intermediate module (22) simulates The lateral root network is a grid geogrid laid horizontally and staggered on the base module (21), the interior is filled with soil and organic mixture, and deep-rooted shrubs are planted in the grid; the surface module (23) is located above the middle module (22) to simulate the characteristics of fibrous roots, and a porous fiber mat is used to cover the middle module (22), and planting holes (231) are arranged on the fiber mat in a diamond grid. The planting holes (231) are filled with a planting substrate, and herbaceous plant seeds are pre-buried or seedlings are directly transplanted; A water circulation module (3) is connected to the stepped platforms at each level to supply water to the vegetation.

2. The stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope protection unit (11) is made of prefabricated concrete, recycled plastic or ecological composite material, the height difference of each layer of the stepped platform is 0.5-1.5m, and the width of the stepped platform is 1-3m.

3. The stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, wherein: The root-simulating groove (111) comprises a main groove (1111), a secondary groove (1112), and a micro groove (1113); the main groove (1111) extends longitudinally and is distributed in a Y-shape or radial shape; the secondary groove (1112) branches outwards on both sides of the main groove (1111); and the micro groove (1113) is a fine groove and is arranged inside the main groove (1111) and the secondary groove (1112).

4. A stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength braided rope used in the base module (21) is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene rope, and the surface of the rope is coated with an anti-aging coating.

5. The stepped hierarchical soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 3, wherein: Drainage holes are reserved in the main groove (1111), the secondary groove (1112), and the micro groove (1113), and water-permeable non-woven fabrics are laid to prevent water accumulation.

6. A stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting hole (231) is filled with a planting base material which is a mixture of soil, organic fertilizer and water retaining agent in a ratio of 6:3:

1.

7. A stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous fiber mat used in the surface module (23) is provided with a slow-release material layer at the bottom. The slow-release material layer can be a biodegradable slow-release film containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which can provide continuous nutrients for plants for 3-6 months.

8. The stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface module (23) and the middle module (22) are connected via a hook-shaped connecting piece to prevent sliding and ensure overall force.

9. The stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to the claim is characterized in that: When the slope of the surface module (23) is greater than 45°, a steel mesh needs to be embedded in the porous fiber mat used in the surface module (23) to enhance the anti-slip capability.

10. The stepped layered soil-fixing slope protection structure based on plant root system bionics according to the claim is characterized in that: The water cycle module (3) includes a water storage tank (31), a water guiding pipe (32), a rainwater collector (33), and a drain pipe (34). The water storage tank (31) is arranged at the back slope or a higher position on the slope. The water guiding pipe (32) connects the water storage tank (31) to the bottom drainage hole of the root-like groove (111). The rainwater collector (33) is arranged at the top of the slope and is connected to the water storage tank (31) through a pipe. The drain pipe (34) is horizontally arranged at the bottom of the slope and is connected to each water guiding pipe (32). Both ends are water outlets, and an electronic valve is provided at the water outlet (), and the switch is controlled by an electronic signal.

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