Dust falling device for underground coal mine and using method of dust falling device

Abstract

The invention provides an underground coal mine dust falling device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust falling. According to the technical scheme, the underground coal mine dust falling device comprises a water storage tank, a water outlet of the water storage tank is communicated with a water inlet of a water pump, a water outlet of the water pump is communicated with a hard pipe, and the hard pipe is sleeved with a supporting frame; a rotating mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the hard pipe, and a lifting mechanism and an adjusting mechanism are arranged on the supporting frame. According to the using method of the underground coal mine dust falling device, the rotating mechanism controls the hard pipe, the supporting frame and the spray head to rotate synchronously, the lifting mechanism controls the supporting frame to drive the spray head to slide up and down along the hard pipe, and the adjusting mechanism controls the spraying angle of the spray head. The device has the beneficial effects that the nozzle can flexibly move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, it is guaranteed that close-range space under the device and the periphery of the device are covered by water mist without dead angles, and dust falling blind areas are eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine dust reduction, and particularly relates to a coal mine underground dust reduction device and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the operation in coal mines underground, a large amount of coal dust is generated in processes such as coal cutting, coal falling, and transportation. These dusts suspended in the air will not only cause serious harm to the respiratory systems of workers, and long-term exposure is likely to cause occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, but may also form potential hazards of coal dust explosion under specific conditions, threatening the safe production of the mine. Therefore, as the core equipment of the coal mine dust prevention system, the performance of the dust reduction device is directly related to the safety of the underground operation environment and the level of occupational health protection. By atomizing water through spray dust reduction technology and combining it with dust particles, the dust concentration in the air can be effectively reduced.

[0003] The main body of the existing dust reduction device is a water storage tank, on which a water pump and a water pipe are installed, and nozzles are arranged on the water pipe. When the water pump works, the water in the water storage tank is pressurized and transported to the nozzles, and water mist is sprayed through the nozzles to achieve dust reduction. To adapt to different roadway heights and operation scenarios, a lifting mechanism is equipped on the outer side of the water pipe. The lifting mechanism is composed of transmission components such as motors, gear racks or lead screw nuts, and can be adjusted by controlling the motor drive or manually, so as to realize the height adjustment of the nozzles in the vertical direction. When it is necessary to control the dust at a higher position, the lifting mechanism can lift the nozzles to the upper and middle parts of the roadway to expand the spraying coverage range; while in a low operation area, the nozzles can be lowered to a height close to the working face to specifically inhibit the diffusion of near-source dust.

[0004] However, in practical applications, although the height of the nozzles can be adjusted, the spraying angle of the nozzles is usually fixed after installation, resulting in an obvious limitation of the dust reduction range. When the nozzles are at a low position, the spraying coverage area is concentrated in a small range around the device, and it is difficult to effectively capture the dust in the middle and high positions of the space; while when the nozzles are lifted to a high position, although the horizontal spraying coverage range is expanded, due to the fixed spraying angle, a dust reduction blind area is easily formed in the space directly below the device and in the nearby short-distance area, and it is impossible to specifically control the high-concentration dust area near the operators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problem that the spraying angle of the nozzles of the existing dust reduction device is fixed and there are dust reduction blind areas, the invention provides a coal mine underground dust reduction device and a using method thereof, which can realize the adjustment of both the position and the angle of the nozzles and eliminate the dust reduction blind areas.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is a dust suppression device for coal mines underground, which includes a water storage tank. The water outlet of the water storage tank is communicated with the water inlet of a water pump. The water outlet of the water pump is communicated with a rigid pipe. A support frame is sleeved outside the rigid pipe. A rotating mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the rigid pipe, and the rotating mechanism can control the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe and the support frame. An elevating mechanism is arranged on the support frame, and the elevating mechanism can control the support frame to slide along the rigid pipe. A spray head is installed on the support frame, and the spray head is communicated with the rigid pipe through a connecting pipe. An adjusting mechanism is also arranged on the support frame, and the adjusting mechanism can control the spraying angle of the spray head.

[0007] In this technical solution, the water pump pumps the water in the water storage tank into the rigid pipe, and after being transported to the spray head through the connecting pipe, it is atomized and sprayed to form water mist, realizing the dust suppression function. The rotating mechanism drives the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe, the support frame and the spray head to cover the horizontal space. The elevating mechanism controls the support frame to drive the spray head to slide up and down along the rigid pipe to achieve vertical movement. The adjusting mechanism is used to adjust the spraying angle of the spray head. Therefore, through the cooperation of multiple mechanisms, the spray head can be flexibly displaced in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the space directly below the device and the surrounding close-range space are all comprehensively covered by the water mist without dust suppression blind spots.

[0008] Furthermore, a water inlet pipe is communicated with the side of the water storage tank. A protective shell is arranged on the top of the water storage tank. The water pump is located inside the protective shell. The water outlet of the water pump is hermetically and rotationally connected to the lower end of the rigid pipe. The rigid pipe is vertically arranged, and the upper end of the rigid pipe penetrates through the top of the protective shell and is communicated with a water storage cylinder. Connecting the water inlet pipe to the side of the water storage tank can avoid the interference of top water inlet on the structure of the protective shell, and at the same time facilitate the concealed installation and maintenance of the external water source pipeline. The height of the side water inlet can be higher than the bottom of the water storage tank, reducing the risk of sediment entering the pipeline and ensuring the water quality is clean. The protective shell encloses the water pump inside, which can effectively isolate the water mist, dust and external sundries during the dust suppression operation, prevent the water pump motor from getting damp or mechanical parts from wearing, and extend the service life of the equipment. At the same time, the protective shell can provide physical protection for the water pump and reduce the risk of external impact. The hermetic rotational connection between the water outlet of the water pump and the lower end of the rigid pipe not only ensures that the water flow after the water pump pressurizes does not leak through the sealing structure, maintaining the water pressure required for atomization, but also allows the rigid pipe to rotate around the axis under the drive of the rotating mechanism, realizing the dual compatibility of "dynamic water conveyance" and "rotating operation", and avoiding the rotational interference caused by traditional fixed connections.

[0009] Furthermore, the rotation mechanism includes a first motor which is fixed inside the protective housing. The output shaft of the first motor is arranged vertically, penetrates through the top of the protective housing and is fixedly connected to a first pulley. A second pulley is arranged outside the first pulley, and the second pulley is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe. A transmission belt is wound around between the second pulley and the first pulley. The first pulley and the second pulley are connected by the transmission belt. The elastic deformation of the transmission belt is utilized to absorb the impact load when the first motor starts, preventing the rigid pipe from vibrating or suffering from structural damage due to excessive instantaneous torque. When the rotation of the nozzle is blocked, the transmission belt will slip due to insufficient friction, preventing the first motor from being overloaded and burned out, and improving the safety of the system. The first motor is fixed inside the protective housing, avoiding the first motor being directly exposed to the dust suppression operation environment and extending the service life of electrical components. The second pulley is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe, eliminating the need to open a transmission interface inside the rigid pipe and not affecting the water flow transportation inside the pipe. At the same time, the external placement of the second pulley is convenient for later maintenance, without the need to disassemble the internal structure of the rigid pipe, and the maintenance convenience is high.

[0010] Furthermore, the support frame includes a sleeve which is sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid pipe. Two support rods are arranged outside the sleeve, and the two support rods are symmetrically distributed about the transverse central plane of the sleeve. One end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve, and the other end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the semi-circular ring rod. The nozzle is located at the end of the semi-circular ring rod, and the nozzle is rotatably connected to the semi-circular ring rod. Two mounting plates are also arranged outside the sleeve, and the two mounting plates are symmetrically distributed about the longitudinal central plane of the sleeve. The side wall of the mounting plate along the width direction is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sleeve. The sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid pipe, providing a sliding guide in the vertical direction for the support frame. When cooperating with the lifting mechanism, it can ensure the straightness of the nozzle moving vertically along the rigid pipe and avoid shaking. The gap between the sleeve and the rigid pipe needs to balance the sliding smoothness and stability. Usually, wear-resistant materials can be used to reduce friction and extend the service life. The nozzle is rotatably connected to the end of the semi-circular ring rod. Cooperating with the adjustment mechanism, the spraying angle can be flexibly adjusted. The two mounting plates are symmetric about the longitudinal central plane of the sleeve and are fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve along the width direction, and can be used to mount the lifting mechanism.

[0011] Further, a first opening groove is provided on one side of the mounting plate close to the sleeve. A communication groove is provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and the position of the communication groove corresponds to that of the first opening groove. An axially extending limiting groove is provided on the outer wall of the hard tube, and the position of the limiting groove corresponds to that of the communication groove. The lifting mechanism includes a rack and a lifting gear. The rack is fixed at the bottom of the limiting groove. The lifting gear is located in the first opening groove. The teeth of the lifting gear pass through the communication groove and mesh with the rack. A first connecting shaft is fixed at the central part of the axis of the lifting gear. One end of the first connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the other end of the first connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor. The second motor is fixed on the mounting plate. The rack is fixed at the bottom of the limiting groove of the hard tube as a fixed tooth track. When the lifting gear rotates, it drives the mounting plate and the support frame to move axially along the rack through meshing. The transmission ratio is fixed, and the number of teeth of the gear matches the pitch of the rack to ensure precise control of the lifting displacement. The position of the communication groove corresponds to that of the limiting groove, so that the teeth of the lifting gear can accurately pass through the sleeve and mesh with the rack. At the same time, the sleeve limits the axis of the lifting gear through the communication groove to prevent the axial movement of the lifting gear during rotation. The end face of the lifting gear is lubricated to prevent the end face of the lifting gear from being unable to rotate normally when contacting the communication groove.

[0012] Further, a first pressure sensor is fixed at the bottom of the water storage cylinder, and a second pressure sensor is fixed on the outer wall of the hard tube. The second pressure sensor is located at the lower end of the limiting groove, and a controller is installed on the second motor. When the top of the sleeve contacts the first pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor detects a pressure signal and triggers the controller to make the lifting gear rotate in the reverse direction to prevent the support frame from rising excessively and hitting the water storage cylinder. When the bottom of the sleeve contacts the second pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor feeds back a pressure signal, and the controller drives the gear to reverse again to avoid jamming when the support frame descends to the bottom end of the hard tube, forming an "upper and lower double limit" protection mechanism. Compared with photoelectric sensors or encoder limits, the pressure sensor detects displacement through physical contact and is not affected by environmental factors such as dust and water mist, and has higher stability in the harsh environment of dust suppression operations.

[0013] Further, the nozzle is in a cylindrical shape, and an atomizing nozzle is installed on the nozzle. The atomizing nozzle communicates with the inner cavity of the nozzle. The connecting pipe is located above the nozzle. One end of the connecting pipe communicates with the water storage cylinder, and the other end of the connecting pipe communicates with the inner cavity of the nozzle. The connecting pipe is made of a soft material. The connecting pipe made of a soft material has the ability of elastic expansion and bending. When the support frame drives the nozzle to move vertically along the hard tube, the soft connecting pipe can move accordingly with the nozzle, and can continuously supply water to the nozzle, avoiding pipeline tearing or interface leakage caused by the inability of the rigid pipe to deform. The connecting pipe is long enough to ensure that water can still be supplied when the support frame is at the lowest point. The redundant length forms a naturally relaxed "U-shaped" or "S-shaped" wire routing, which not only absorbs the movement displacement, but also prevents the pipeline from generating additional tension due to being tightened, avoiding stress damage to the water storage cylinder or the nozzle interface.

[0014] Furthermore, a second opening groove is provided on the side of the mounting plate close to the nozzle. The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment gear and an adjustment gear ring that mesh with each other. A second connecting shaft is fixed at the axial center of the adjustment gear. One end of the second connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting plate, and the other end of the second connecting shaft penetrates through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor. The third motor is fixed on the mounting plate. The adjustment gear ring is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle. The adjustment gear is a semi-gear, and the adjustment gear ring is a whole-ring semi-tooth structure. The adjustment gear is a semi-gear, and the adjustment gear ring is a whole-ring semi-tooth structure. When the third motor drives the adjustment gear to rotate, it only drives the adjustment gear ring to rotate during the tooth engagement stage, and the nozzle swings accordingly. When entering the toothless area, the adjustment gear idles, and the nozzle stops moving, forming a periodic action of "swing-stop". Finally, the spraying trajectory is limited to a fan shape, and the angle range is determined by the arc of the tooth distribution, such as a 180° fan shape. The teeth are arranged on the outer half circle of the adjustment gear ring. When the adjustment gear meshes with this area, the nozzle swings outward. The toothless area corresponds to the inner side of the device. When the adjustment gear idles, the nozzle cannot turn inward, directly avoiding inner spraying and preventing water mist from spraying onto internal structures such as the protective shell or hard pipe.

[0015] Furthermore, an internally hollow mounting block is fixed at the end of the semi-circular rod. An installation shaft is arranged inside the mounting block. The axis of the installation shaft coincides with the axis of the nozzle. One end of the installation shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting block, and the other end of the installation shaft is fixedly connected to the nozzle. A torsion spring is sleeved on the outer circular surface of the installation shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the mounting block, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the nozzle. Meshing stage: When the teeth of the adjustment gear and the adjustment gear ring mesh, the third motor drives the nozzle to rotate outward, and the torsion spring is synchronously twisted and stores elastic potential energy. Toothless stage: When the adjustment gear rotates to the toothless area, the transmission is interrupted, and the torsion spring releases its potential energy to drive the nozzle to quickly rotate in the reverse direction and automatically reset to the initial position. Periodic cycle: As the adjustment gear continues to rotate with the third motor, every time it enters the tooth engagement area, the process of "drive-swing-reset" is repeated, causing the nozzle to reciprocate within the fan-shaped range and forming a stable spraying trajectory. The initial installation angle of the torsion spring matches the arc of the tooth distribution of the adjustment gear, which can strictly limit the swing range of the nozzle to the preset fan-shaped angle, avoid angle deviation caused by the control error of the third motor, ensure accurate coverage of the outer dust source by the spraying area, and prevent spraying inside the device.

[0016] A usage method of a dust suppression device for coal mine shafts, which is applied to the dust suppression device for coal mine shafts, includes the following steps. Step 1: Start the water pump, pump water from the water storage tank into the hard pipe, then transport it to the nozzle through the connecting pipe, and finally spray it out from the nozzle. The continuous operation ability of the water pump ensures that there is no interruption during the spraying process, especially suitable for scenarios that require long-term dust suppression and humidification, avoiding spraying intermittency caused by insufficient water pressure and improving operation efficiency.

[0017] Step 2: Start the rotating mechanism to control the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe, the support frame, and the nozzle. At the same time, start the lifting mechanism to control the support frame to drive the nozzle to slide up and down along the rigid pipe. The rotating mechanism and the lifting mechanism operate in coordination. Through the composite movement of "rotating to cover the horizontal space - lifting to expand the vertical range", three-dimensional coverage of the dust suppression area is achieved. When the rotating mechanism drives the rigid pipe, the support frame, and the nozzle to rotate synchronously, the water mist can form a 360° annular coverage in the horizontal direction. And the lifting mechanism synchronously controls the nozzle to slide up and down along the rigid pipe, and can flexibly adjust the spraying height in the vertical direction according to requirements. When the two operate in coordination, the water mist trajectory will form a spiral three-dimensional coverage path, avoiding the coverage blind area caused by single rotation or lifting, especially suitable for complex scenarios with uneven dust distribution.

[0018] Step 3: Start the adjustment mechanism to control the spraying angle of the nozzle. The spraying direction of the water mist can be flexibly adjusted according to the dust distribution to avoid ineffective spraying towards the inside of the device or missing key dust suppression areas. By precisely adjusting the spraying angle, the water mist can be concentrated and covered on the dust source, improving the dust suppression efficiency while reducing water resource waste, ensuring directional dust suppression under different working conditions, and enhancing the environmental adaptability and operation pertinence of the device.

[0019] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the advantages of the present invention are as follows: In this technical solution, the water pump transports the water in the water storage tank to the nozzle through the rigid pipe and the connecting pipe, and forms water mist after atomization to achieve the dust suppression function. The rotating mechanism drives the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe, the support frame, and the nozzle to achieve full coverage of the horizontal space; at the same time, the lifting mechanism controls the support frame to drive the nozzle to slide up and down along the rigid pipe to complete the displacement adjustment in the vertical direction; the adjustment mechanism precisely controls the spraying angle of the nozzle, and finally realizes the coordinated operation of multiple mechanisms. To sum up, this device enables the nozzle to move flexibly in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the space directly below the device and the surrounding close-range spaces are covered by the water mist without dead angles, eliminating the dust suppression blind area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings required for description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 Structural schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 is Figure 2Partial enlarged view of area A in the [device]; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting bracket in the specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, protective shell; 11, water storage tank; 12, water inlet pipe; 13, water pump; 2, rigid pipe; 21, water storage cylinder; 22, limiting groove; 23, first pressure sensor; 24, second pressure sensor; 25, controller; 26, connecting pipe; 3, support frame; 31, sleeve; 311, connecting groove; 32, support rod; 33, semi-circular rod; 34, mounting plate; 341, first opening groove; 342, second opening groove; 4, rotating mechanism; 41, first motor; 42, first pulley; 43, second pulley; 44, transmission belt; 5, lifting mechanism; 51, rack; 52, lifting gear; 53, first connecting shaft; 54, second motor; 6, adjusting mechanism; 61, adjusting gear; 62, adjusting gear ring; 63, second connecting shaft; 64, third motor; 7, spray head; 71, atomizing nozzle; 8, mounting block; 81, mounting shaft; 82, torsion spring; 9, protective cover. Specific embodiment

[0023] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0024] Embodiment 1: A dust suppression device for coal mines underground, as Figure 1 shown, includes a water storage tank 11. A water pump 13 is installed on the top of the water storage tank 11. A rigid pipe 2 is installed on the water pump 13. The rigid pipe 2 is arranged vertically. A support frame 3 is sleeved outside the rigid pipe 2. A rotating mechanism 4 is arranged on the outer side of the rigid pipe 2. The rotating mechanism 4 can control the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe 2 and the support frame 3. A lifting mechanism 5 is arranged on the support frame 3. The lifting mechanism 5 can control the support frame 3 to slide along the rigid pipe 2. A spray head 7 is installed on the support frame 3. The spray head 7 is communicated with the rigid pipe 2 through a connecting pipe 26. An adjusting mechanism 6 is also arranged on the support frame 3. The adjusting mechanism 6 can control the spraying angle of the spray head 7.

[0025] As Figure 2As shown, in this specific embodiment, a water inlet pipe 12 is connected to the side of the water storage tank 11. The water inlet pipe 12 is connected to an external water source, and the water outlet of the water storage tank 11 is arranged at the top of the water storage tank 11. A protective shell 1 is also arranged at the top of the water storage tank 11. The bottom of the protective shell 1 is welded to the top of the water storage tank 11. A cavity is arranged inside the protective shell 1, and a water pump 13 is located in the cavity of the protective shell 1. The water inlet of the water pump 13 is connected to the water outlet of the water storage tank 11, and a rotary joint is installed at the water outlet of the water pump 13. The lower end of the rigid pipe 2 is installed on the rotary joint. A sealing ring is installed inside the rotary joint, which can ensure that water does not leak from the rotary joint on the basis of not affecting the normal rotation of the rigid pipe 2. The upper end of the rigid pipe 2 penetrates through the top of the protective shell 1 and is connected to the water storage cylinder 21.

[0026] In this specific embodiment, the rotating mechanism 4 is specifically structured as follows: The rotating mechanism 4 includes a first motor 41. The first motor 41 is fixed inside the protective shell 1 by bolts. The output shaft of the first motor 41 is arranged vertically, and the output shaft of the first motor 41 penetrates through the top of the protective shell 1 and is bolted to the central part of the first belt pulley 42. The first belt pulley 42 is arranged horizontally. A second belt pulley 43 is arranged outside the first belt pulley 42. The height of the second belt pulley 43 is the same as that of the first belt pulley 42, and the second belt pulley 43 is also arranged horizontally. The second belt pulley 43 is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2. A transmission belt 44 is wound around between the second belt pulley 43 and the first belt pulley 42, which can conduct power transmission.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the support frame 3 is specifically structured as follows: The support frame 3 includes a sleeve 31. The sleeve 31 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2, and the sleeve 31 can slide up and down along the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2. The horizontal central plane and the longitudinal central plane of the sleeve 31 both pass through the axis of the sleeve 31, and the horizontal central plane and the longitudinal central plane are perpendicular to each other. Two support rods 32 are arranged outside the sleeve 31. The two support rods 32 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the horizontal central plane of the sleeve 31. Semi-circular ring rods 33 are arranged outside both of the two support rods 32. The semi-circular ring rods 33 are integrally semi-circular, and the end positions of the two semi-circular ring rods 33 correspond to each other. One end of the support rod 32 is welded to the outer wall of the sleeve 31, and the other end of the support rod 32 is welded to the inner side wall of the corresponding semi-circular ring rod 33.

[0028] The nozzle 7 is located at the end of the semi-circular ring rod 33. The nozzle 7 is in the shape of a horizontally arranged cylinder. There are two nozzles 7 in total, and the two nozzles 7 are respectively installed at the corresponding ends of the semi-circular ring rod 33. Both ends of each nozzle 7 are rotatably connected to the ends of a group of opposite semi-circular ring rods 33. An atomizing nozzle 71 is installed on the nozzle 7. The atomizing nozzle 71 is communicated with the internal cavity of the nozzle 7. There are two atomizing nozzles 71 in total, and the two atomizing nozzles 71 are evenly distributed along the length direction of the nozzle 7. The connecting pipe 26 is located above the nozzle 7. One end of the connecting pipe 26 is communicated with the water storage cylinder 21, and the other end of the connecting pipe 26 is communicated with the internal cavity of the nozzle 7. The connecting pipe 26 is made of a soft material, and the length of the connecting pipe 26 is sufficient to supply water even when the support frame 3 is at the lowest point.

[0029] As Figure 3 shown, two mounting plates 34 are further provided on the outer part of the sleeve 31. The two mounting plates 34 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the sleeve 31. The side wall of the mounting plate 34 in the width direction is welded to the outer wall of the sleeve 31. Protective covers 9 are installed on the tops of the two mounting plates 34. The protective covers 9 can prevent the connecting pipe 26 from contacting the lifting mechanism 5 or the adjusting mechanism 6. A first opening groove 341 is provided on one side of each mounting plate 34 close to the sleeve 31. The lifting mechanism 5 is arranged in the first opening groove 341. Two communicating grooves 311 are provided on the side wall of the sleeve 31. The positions of the two communicating grooves 311 correspond to the positions of the two first opening grooves 341 respectively. Two axially extending limiting grooves 22 are provided on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2. The two limiting grooves 22 correspond to the positions of the two communicating grooves 311 respectively. A second opening groove 342 is further provided on one side of each mounting plate 34 close to the nozzle 7. The adjusting mechanism 6 is arranged in the second opening groove 342.

[0030] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, in this specific embodiment, the lifting mechanism 5 specifically adopts the following structure: The lifting mechanism 5 includes a rack 51 and a lifting gear 52. The rack 51 is clamped and fixed at the bottom of the limiting groove 22. The rack 51 is vertically arranged. The lifting gear 52 is located in the first opening groove 341. The teeth of the lifting gear 52 pass through the communication groove 311 and mesh with the rack 51. A first connecting shaft 53 is fixed at the axial center of the lifting gear 52. One end of the first connecting shaft 53 is rotatably connected to a side wall of the first opening groove 341 through a bearing. The other end of the first connecting shaft 53 penetrates through the other side wall of the first opening groove 341 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 54 through a coupling. The second motor 54 is fixed on the outer side of the mounting plate 34 through a bracket. A controller 25 is installed on the second motor 54. The controller 25 can control the rotation direction of the second motor 54. The controller 25 is connected to a first pressure sensor 23 and a second pressure sensor 24 through a wireless signal. The first pressure sensor 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 21. The second pressure sensor 24 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2, and the second pressure sensor 24 is located at the lower end of the limiting groove 22.

[0031] In this specific embodiment, the adjustment mechanism 6 specifically adopts the following structure: The adjustment mechanism 6 includes an adjustment gear 61 and an adjustment gear ring 62 that mesh with each other. The adjustment gear 61 is a semi-gear. A second connecting shaft 63 is fixed at the axial center of the adjustment gear 61. One end of the second connecting shaft 63 is rotatably connected to a side wall of the second opening groove 342 through a bearing. The other end of the second connecting shaft 63 penetrates through the other side wall of the second opening groove 342 and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor 64 through a coupling. The third motor 64 is fixed on the outer side of the mounting plate 34 through a bracket. The adjustment gear ring 62 is a whole-ring semi-tooth structure, that is, the adjustment gear ring 62 is a whole ring shape, and only half of its outer wall is distributed with teeth. The adjustment gear ring 62 is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle 7, and the adjustment gear ring 62 is located in the middle position between the two atomizing nozzles 71.

[0032] Inner hollow mounting blocks 8 are welded to both ends of each semi-circular ring rod 33. The positions of the mounting blocks 8 are opposite to the nozzle 7. An installation shaft 81 is arranged in the mounting block 8. The axis of the installation shaft 81 coincides with the axis of the nozzle 7. One end of the installation shaft 81 is rotatably connected to the mounting block 8 through a bearing. The other end of the installation shaft 81 is welded to the end face of the nozzle 7. A torsion spring 82 is sleeved on the outer cylindrical surface of the installation shaft 81. One end of the torsion spring 82 is fixedly connected to the mounting block 8 through a pin. The other end of the torsion spring 82 is fixedly connected to the end face of the nozzle 7 through a pin.

[0033] Embodiment 2: Based on the coal mine dust suppression device provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment further provides a usage method of the coal mine dust suppression device, including the following steps. Step 1: Connect the water inlet pipe 12 on the side of the water storage tank 11 to an external water source and fill it with water. After starting the water pump 13 inside the protective shell 1, the water pump 13 pressurizes the water and inputs it into the rigid pipe 2 through the rotary joint. The rigid pipe 2 vertically passes through the top of the protective shell 1 to transport the water to the water storage cylinder 21. The water in the water storage cylinder 21 flows into the internal cavity of the spray head 7 through two soft connecting pipes 26 and finally sprays out from the atomizing nozzle 71 of the spray head 7 to form water mist for dust reduction.

[0034] Step 2: Start the first motor 41 inside the protective shell 1. Its vertical output shaft drives the top first pulley 42 to rotate horizontally. The first pulley 42 drives the second pulley 43 sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2 through the transmission belt 44, so that the rigid pipe 2 rotates around its axis and drives the entire support frame 3 to rotate. At the same time, start the second motor 54 outside the mounting plate 34, and drive the lifting gear 52 in the first opening groove 341 to rotate through the first connecting shaft 53. The teeth of the lifting gear 52 pass through the communication groove 311 of the sleeve 31 and mesh with the rack 51 in the limiting groove 22 of the rigid pipe 2, driving the mounting plate 34 and the sleeve 31 to move downward along the rack 51. When the bottom of the sleeve 31 touches the second pressure sensor 24 on the outer wall of the rigid pipe 2, the second pressure sensor 24 transmits a signal to the controller 25, and the controller 25 instructs the second motor 54 to reverse, driving the lifting gear 52 to rotate in the reverse direction and driving the sleeve 31 to move upward along the rack 51. When the top of the sleeve 31 touches the first pressure sensor 23 at the bottom of the water storage cylinder 21, the first pressure sensor 23 triggers the controller 25 again, the second motor 54 reverses again, and the lifting gear 52 drives the sleeve 31 to move downward again, forming a cyclic lifting motion.

[0035] Step 3: Start the third motor 64 outside the mounting plate 34, and drive the adjusting gear 61 in the second opening groove 342 to rotate through the second connecting shaft 63. When the teeth of the adjusting gear 61 mesh with the adjusting tooth ring 62 on the outer wall of the spray head 7, it drives the spray head 7 to rotate and makes the atomizing nozzle 71 swing. At this time, the torsion spring 82 outside the mounting shaft 81 is twisted and stores energy. When the adjusting gear 61 rotates to the toothless area, the transmission is interrupted, and the torsion spring 82 releases its potential energy to drive the spray head 7 to rotate in the reverse direction and quickly reset. When the adjusting gear 61 rotates with the third motor 64 and enters the meshing area again, the spray head 7 repeats the swinging and resetting process, so that the atomizing nozzle 71 sprays back and forth within a preset fan-shaped range, avoiding spraying towards the inside of the device.

[0036] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows. In this specific embodiment, the water pump transports the water in the water storage tank to the nozzle through the rigid pipe and the connecting pipe, and the water is atomized to form water mist to achieve the dust suppression function. The rotation mechanism drives the rigid pipe, the support frame and the nozzle to rotate synchronously to achieve the full coverage of the horizontal space. At the same time, the lifting mechanism controls the support frame to drive the nozzle to slide up and down along the rigid pipe to complete the displacement adjustment in the vertical direction. The adjustment mechanism precisely controls the spraying angle of the nozzle, and finally realizes the collaborative operation of multiple mechanisms. To sum up, this device enables the nozzle to move flexibly in the horizontal and vertical directions, ensuring that the space directly below the device and the surrounding short-distance spaces are covered by water mist without dead angles, and eliminating the dust suppression blind area.

[0037] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A dust reduction device for coal mines underground, comprising a water storage tank (11), the water outlet of the water storage tank (11) is communicated with the water inlet of a water pump (13), the water outlet of the water pump (13) is communicated with a rigid pipe (2), and it is characterized in that, A support frame (3) is sleeved outside the rigid pipe (2). A rotating mechanism (4) is arranged on the outer side of the rigid pipe (2). The rotating mechanism (4) can control the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe (2) and the support frame (3). A lifting mechanism (5) is arranged on the support frame (3). The lifting mechanism (5) can control the support frame (3) to slide along the rigid pipe (2). A spray head (7) is installed on the support frame (3). The spray head (7) is communicated with the rigid pipe (2) through a connecting pipe (26). An adjusting mechanism (6) is also arranged on the support frame (3). The adjusting mechanism (6) can control the spraying angle of the spray head (7).

2. The dust suppression device for coal mine underground according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water inlet pipe (12) is communicated with the side part of a water storage tank (11). A protective shell (1) is arranged on the top of the water storage tank (11). A water pump (13) is located inside the protective shell (1). A sealing rotating connection is arranged between the water outlet of the water pump (13) and the lower end of the rigid pipe (2). The rigid pipe (2) is arranged vertically. The upper end of the rigid pipe (2) penetrates through the top of the protective shell (1) and is communicated with a water storage cylinder (21).

3. The dust-removing device for coal mine underground according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (4) includes a first motor (41). The first motor (41) is fixed inside the protective shell (1). The output shaft of the first motor (41) is arranged vertically, and the output shaft of the first motor (41) penetrates through the top of the protective shell (1) and is fixedly connected with a first belt pulley (42). A second belt pulley (43) is arranged outside the first belt pulley (42). The second belt pulley (43) is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe (2). A transmission belt (44) is wound between the second belt pulley (43) and the first belt pulley (42).

4. The coal mine dust suppression device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support frame (3) includes a sleeve (31). The sleeve (31) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid pipe (2). Two support rods (32) are arranged outside the sleeve (31). The two support rods (32) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the transverse central plane of the sleeve (31). One end of the support rod (32) is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the sleeve (31). The other end of the support rod (32) is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of a semi-circular ring rod (33). The spray head (7) is located at the end of the semi-circular ring rod (33), and a rotating connection is arranged between the spray head (7) and the semi-circular ring rod (33). Two mounting plates (34) are also arranged outside the sleeve (31). The two mounting plates (34) are symmetrically distributed with respect to the longitudinal central plane of the sleeve (31). The side wall of the mounting plate (34) along the width direction is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the sleeve (31).

5. The coal mine dust suppression device according to claim 4, characterized in that, On one side of the mounting plate (34) close to the sleeve (31), a first opening groove (341) is provided. A communicating groove (311) is provided on the side wall of the sleeve (31), and the position of the communicating groove (311) corresponds to that of the first opening groove (341). An axially extending limiting groove (22) is provided on the outer wall of the rigid pipe (2), and the position of the limiting groove (22) corresponds to that of the communicating groove (311). The lifting mechanism (5) includes a rack (51) and a lifting gear (52). The rack (51) is fixed at the bottom of the limiting groove (22), the lifting gear (52) is located in the first opening groove (341), the teeth of the lifting gear (52) pass through the communicating groove (311) and mesh with the rack (51). A first connecting shaft (53) is fixed at the central part of the axis of the lifting gear (52). One end of the first connecting shaft (53) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (34), and the other end of the first connecting shaft (53) penetrates through the mounting plate (34) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (54). The second motor (54) is fixed on the mounting plate (34).

6. The dust fall device for coal mine underground according to claim 5, characterized in that, A first pressure sensor (23) is fixed at the bottom of the water storage cylinder (21). A second pressure sensor (24) is fixed on the outer wall of the rigid pipe (2). The second pressure sensor (24) is located at the lower end of the limiting groove (22). A controller (25) is installed on the second motor (54).

7. The dust-removing device for coal mine shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nozzle (7) is in a cylindrical shape. An atomizing nozzle (71) is installed on the nozzle (7), and the atomizing nozzle (71) communicates with the inner cavity of the nozzle (7). A communicating pipe (26) is located above the nozzle (7). One end of the communicating pipe (26) communicates with the water storage cylinder (21), and the other end of the communicating pipe (26) communicates with the inner cavity of the nozzle (7). The communicating pipe (26) is made of a soft material.

8. The dust suppression device for coal mine underground according to claim 7, wherein On one side of the mounting plate (34) close to the nozzle (7), a second opening groove (342) is provided. The adjusting mechanism (6) includes an adjusting gear (61) and an adjusting gear ring (62) that mesh with each other. A second connecting shaft (63) is fixed at the central part of the axis of the adjusting gear (61). One end of the second connecting shaft (63) is rotatably connected to the mounting plate (34), and the other end of the second connecting shaft (63) penetrates through the mounting plate (34) and is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the third motor (64). The third motor (64) is fixed on the mounting plate (34). The adjusting gear ring (62) is sleeved and fixed on the outer wall of the nozzle (7). The adjusting gear (61) is a semi-gear, and the adjusting gear ring (62) is a whole-ring semi-tooth structure.

9. The dust suppression device for coal mine shafts according to claim 8, characterized in that, At the end of the semi-circular ring rod (33), a hollow mounting block (8) is fixed. An installation shaft (81) is arranged in the mounting block (8). The axis of the installation shaft (81) coincides with the axis of the nozzle (7). One end of the installation shaft (81) is rotatably connected to the mounting block (8), and the other end of the installation shaft (81) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (7). A torsion spring (82) is sleeved on the outer circular surface of the installation shaft (81). One end of the torsion spring (82) is fixedly connected to the mounting block (8), and the other end of the torsion spring (82) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (7).

10. A method for using a dust reduction device in a coal mine shaft, characterized in that, Applied to the coal mine shaft dust suppression device as described in any one of claims 1-9, it includes the following steps Step 1: Start the water pump (13), pump water from the water storage tank (11) into the rigid pipe (2), then transport it to the nozzle (7) through the connecting pipe (26), and finally spray it out from the nozzle (7). Step 2: Start the rotating mechanism (4), control the synchronous rotation of the rigid pipe (2), the support frame (3) and the nozzle (7), and at the same time start the lifting mechanism (5) to control the support frame (3) to drive the nozzle (7) to slide up and down along the rigid pipe (2). Step 3: Start the adjustment mechanism (6) to control the spraying angle of the nozzle (7).

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