Supercritical fluid actuation device

Abstract

The present application relates to supercritical fluid technical field, specifically to a kind of supercritical fluid actuator, comprising: phase change component, the phase change component includes the phase change sleeve of work fluid, heating pipe and constant pressure piece;Flow channel piece, the flow channel piece is equipped with the flow channel for the work fluid after phase change passes;Cylinder body component, the cylinder body component includes oil cylinder barrel and piston rod;Oil injection cylinder body, displacement sensor is arranged in oil injection cylinder body.This application is buffered to piston rod by hydraulic oil in oil cylinder barrel, will not be damaged due to the collision of fatigue failure caused by too many times, the controllability of the ability of buffer can be realized by the setting of displacement sensor, avoid leading to equipment collision damage, solve the technical problem that the device of quick action in prior art is prone to damage after quick action.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of supercritical fluid technology, and more specifically to a supercritical fluid actuation device. Background Technology

[0002] When a high-pressure fluid is heated to its critical temperature, it undergoes a phase change and becomes a supercritical fluid. The phase change occurs in a short time and the pressure rises sharply. The most common example is carbon dioxide phase change technology.

[0003] Liquid carbon dioxide phase change fracturing technology is a physical change process that is spark-free, highly efficient, easy to operate, and convenient to transport and store. This technology is suitable for applications requiring rapid action. When the temperature reaches 31.1℃ and the pressure exceeds 7.38MPa, the boundary between the gas and liquid phases of carbon dioxide disappears, entering a supercritical state. Under constant volume conditions, the pressure change rate is extremely rapid, lasting only 20ms from the start to the end of the phase change. By heating carbon dioxide from a liquid state to a supercritical state, the pressure in a closed chamber rises instantaneously, accumulating pressure and causing the pressure plate to shatter, generating instantaneous high pressure that drives the piston rod for rapid action. This technology is applicable to fields requiring rapid action. Current research pays little attention to the impact force of small metal fragments generated by the rupture of the rupture plate, which may damage the equipment. Furthermore, the buffer mechanism design after rapid action is relatively crude, leading to fatigue failure after repeated use. The buffer capacity is also uncontrollable; excessive buffer capacity may result in insufficient equipment movement, while insufficient buffer capacity may lead to equipment collision damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a supercritical fluid actuation device to solve the technical problem that existing rapid-acting devices are prone to damage after rapid operation. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a supercritical fluid actuation device, comprising:

[0006] A phase change assembly, comprising a phase change sleeve that can be filled with working fluid, a heating tube, and a constant pressure plate, wherein the heating tube is installed inside the phase change sleeve;

[0007] The flow channel component has a flow channel for the working fluid after phase change to pass through. The pressure plate is installed between the phase change sleeve and the flow channel component. The pressure plate has a pre-made groove. The phase change sleeve is detachably connected to the flow channel component.

[0008] A cylinder assembly, comprising a cylinder body and a piston rod, wherein the cylinder body is provided with a buffer oil chamber, the cylinder body is connected to the flow channel component, and the buffer oil chamber is connected to the flow channel, and the piston rod passes through the cylinder body, and the front part of the piston rod is provided with a flange adapted to the cylinder body.

[0009] The oil injection cylinder has a displacement sensor installed inside it, which extends into the piston rod. The end of the oil injection cylinder near the cylinder body is provided with a sealing sleeve adapted to the front end of the piston rod.

[0010] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the first end of the phase change sleeve is provided with a filling end, the heating tube is detachably connected to the filling end, and a wiring pipe is provided on the end of the filling end away from the phase change sleeve, and the control line in the wiring pipe is connected to the heating tube.

[0011] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the second end of the phase change sleeve is provided with a first concave flange, the first end of the flow channel component is provided with a first convex flange adapted to the first concave flange, and a first sealing assembly is provided between the first concave flange and the first convex flange.

[0012] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the second end of the flow channel component is provided with a second convex flange, the side of the cylinder body is provided with a second concave flange adapted to the second convex flange, and a second sealing assembly is provided between the second convex flange and the second concave flange.

[0013] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the flow channel component is L-shaped, and a cleaning port is provided at the corner of the flow channel component, and the cleaning port is plugged with a plug.

[0014] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the front end of the piston rod extends forward to form an extension section adapted to the sealing sleeve. A magnetic ring is provided in the extension section. The diameter of the extension section is smaller than the diameter of the flange. When the extension section is inserted into the sealing sleeve, a buffer oil cavity is formed between the cylinder body, the flange and the oil injection cylinder body.

[0015] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that a third sealing assembly is provided between the piston rod and the rear part of the cylinder body.

[0016] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that a fourth sealing assembly is provided between the flange and the cylinder body.

[0017] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that the end of the displacement sensor is attached to the front end of the oil injection cylinder, and a sealing ring is provided between the end face of the displacement sensor and the oil injection cylinder.

[0018] A further improvement of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention is that a dust cover is connected to the front end of the oil injection cylinder, and the dust cover is placed over the displacement sensor.

[0019] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention relates to a supercritical fluid actuation device. By incorporating pre-formed grooves on a constant pressure plate, the working fluid breaks up along these grooves, simultaneously blocking larger metal fragments and preventing damage to downstream components. Hydraulic oil within the cylinder cushions the piston rod, preventing fatigue failure and collision damage due to excessive cycles. The use of a displacement sensor allows for controllable cushioning, further preventing equipment collisions and damage. This invention solves the technical problem of rapid-action devices in existing technologies being prone to damage after rapid movements. The flow channel components of this application prevent small metal fragments from impacting the piston rod, extending the device's service life. Multiple interfaces in this application utilize flange connections, allowing for better arrangement of radial and end-face seals, ensuring the device's airtightness.

[0021] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the constant pressure plate of the supercritical fluid actuation device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the connection between the filling end, phase change sleeve and flow channel components;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the position of the central magnetic ring and the extension section;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the internal fluid distribution of the supercritical fluid actuator of the present invention after it is activated (A is low-pressure oil, B is high-pressure buffer oil, and C is supercritical working fluid).

[0028] The components are as follows: 1. Wiring pipe; 2. Filling end; 3. Heating tube; 4. Phase change sleeve; 5. First end face seal; 6. First radial seal; 7. Pressure plate; 8. Flow channel; 9. Plug; 10. Second end face seal; 11. Piston rod seal; 12. Dustproof seal; 13. Piston rod; 14. Cylinder body; 15. Energy release port; 16. Sealing ring; 17. Magnetic ring; 18. Displacement sensor; 19. Buffer oil chamber; 20. Sealing sleeve; 21. Oil inlet; 22. Dust cover; 23. Sealing ring; 24. Oil inlet cylinder; 25. Phase change tube energy release port; 26. Precast tank. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See Figures 1-5 As shown, the present invention provides a supercritical fluid actuation device, comprising:

[0031] A phase change assembly, comprising a phase change sleeve 4 that can be filled with working fluid, a heating tube 3, and a constant pressure plate 7, wherein the heating tube 3 is installed inside the phase change sleeve 4;

[0032] The flow channel component 8 is provided with a flow channel for the working fluid after phase change to pass through. The pressure plate 7 is installed between the phase change sleeve 4 and the flow channel component 8. The pressure plate 7 is provided with a pre-made groove 26. The phase change sleeve 4 is detachably connected to the flow channel component 8.

[0033] The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder body 14 and a piston rod 13. The cylinder body 14 is provided with a buffer oil chamber 19. The cylinder body 14 is connected to the flow channel component 8, and the buffer oil chamber 19 is connected to the flow channel. The piston rod 13 passes through the cylinder body 14, and the front part of the piston rod 13 is provided with a flange adapted to the cylinder body 14.

[0034] Oil injection cylinder 24, a displacement sensor 18 is installed inside the oil injection cylinder 24 and extends into the piston rod 13. A sealing sleeve 20 adapted to the front end of the piston rod 13 is provided at one end of the oil injection cylinder 24 near the cylinder body 14.

[0035] Specifically, the pressure plate 7 has pre-formed grooves 26 engraved in a circumferential radiating pattern, such as... Figure 2As shown, the working fluid breaks up along the precast trough without producing large metal fragments. Similar methods can be used to change the flow direction of the working fluid to avoid damage to the equipment from metal fragments. Furthermore, an energy release port 15 is provided on the cylinder body 14. The energy release port 15 can be connected to an unloading valve. After operation, the supercritical working fluid in the channel is discharged through the energy release port 15, or the inner cavity is flushed through the energy release port 15. A phase change tube energy release port 2515 is provided on the phase change sleeve 4. The phase change tube energy release port 2515 can also be connected to an unloading valve, so that it opens simultaneously with the energy release port 15 to release energy. It can also be used to flush the inside of the flow channel.

[0036] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the phase change sleeve 4 has a filling end 2 at its first end, and the heating tube 3 is detachably connected to the filling end 2. A wiring conduit 1 is located at the end of the filling end 2 away from the phase change sleeve 4. A control wire inside the wiring conduit 1 is connected to the heating tube 3, and the heating of the device is controlled via the control wire. Furthermore, the control wire can be isolated from the filling end 2 using rubber components to ensure a tight seal. The heating tube 3 is threaded to the filling end 2, and the end of the filling end 2 is threaded to the phase change sleeve 4. The heating tube 3 heats the liquid working fluid, causing it to undergo a phase change. The phase change sleeve 4 is the location where the working fluid undergoes a phase change.

[0037] Preferably, the second end of the phase change bushing 4 is provided with a first concave flange, and the first end of the flow channel component 8 is provided with a first convex flange adapted to the first concave flange. A first sealing assembly is provided between the first concave flange and the first convex flange. Specifically, a first end face of a pressure-regulating plate 7 is provided inside the first concave flange. The first sealing assembly includes a first end face seal 5 and a first radial seal 6. The first end face seal 5 is located between the phase change bushing 4 and the pressure-regulating plate 7, and the first radial seal 6 is located between the phase change bushing 4 and the first convex flange to prevent pressure leakage from the phase change bushing 4 to the outside. During installation, the first end face seal 5 and the pressure-regulating plate 7 are installed inside the first concave flange of the phase change bushing 4, and then the first radial seal 6 is installed on the first convex flange. The first concave flange of the phase change bushing 4 is then pressed onto the first convex flange and tightened. Finally, the screws are installed after aligning the screw holes.

[0038] Preferably, the second end of the flow channel component 8 is provided with a second convex flange, and the side of the cylinder body 14 is provided with a second concave flange adapted to the second convex flange. A second sealing assembly is provided between the second convex flange and the second concave flange. Specifically, the second sealing assembly includes a second end face seal 10 and a second radial seal. The second end face seal 10 is located between the outer end face of the second convex flange and the outer end face of the second concave flange, and the second radial seal is located between the side of the second concave flange and the side of the second convex flange. The second end face seal 10 and the second radial seal are installed first, then the flange joint is tightened, the screw holes are aligned, and the screws are installed, thereby sealing the flow channel component 8 and the cylinder body 14 to isolate the channel from the outside.

[0039] Preferably, the flow channel component 8 is L-shaped, and a cleaning port is provided at the corner of the flow channel component 8, with a plug 9 provided at the cleaning port. The flow channel component 8 is the channel through which the working fluid flows after phase change and expansion. After the plug 9 is removed, debris in the flow channel can be flushed out through the cleaning port to prevent blockage. Because the L-shaped flow channel component 8 has a flow channel with right-angle bends, direct impact of small metal fragments generated by explosion on the piston rod 13 is avoided, thus extending the service life of the device.

[0040] Preferred, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the front end of the piston rod 13 extends forward to form an extension section adapted to the sealing sleeve 20. A magnetic ring 17 is provided within this extension section. The diameter of the extension section is smaller than the diameter of the flange. When the extension section is inserted into the sealing sleeve 20, a buffer oil cavity 19 is formed between the cylinder body 14, the flange, and the oil injection cylinder 24. The extension section is a cone with a certain angle. After the extension section contacts the sealing sleeve 20, as the piston rod 13 continues to move to the left, the contact area between the piston rod 13 and the sealing sleeve 20 increases, causing the buffer oil cavity 19 to form a sealed cavity. A similar method of buffering can be achieved by using a sleeve made of other soft materials in conjunction with an extension section with a certain angle cone to create a sealed cavity. Specifically, there is a space between the cylinder body 14 and the piston rod 13 for accommodating supercritical working fluid, and the supercritical working fluid is blocked by the flange to prevent mixing with the oil. The piston rod 13 has a slot for the displacement sensor 18 to pass through. A magnetic ring 17 is fitted around the displacement sensor 18, and the magnetic ring 17 and the displacement sensor 18 work together to monitor the displacement changes of the piston rod 13. The buffer oil chamber 19 is filled with hydraulic oil. As the piston rod 13 moves to the left, the hydraulic oil is compressed, and the pressure rises as the space decreases, generating a gradually increasing reaction force, thereby buffering the piston rod 13. In this embodiment, the sealing sleeve is made of copper alloy material. After the sealing sleeve 20 collides with the piston rod 13, the inner cavity of the oil injection cylinder 24 is isolated from the buffer oil chamber 19. The hydraulic oil is continuously compressed in the buffer oil chamber 19 to buffer the piston rod 13. This application uses hydraulic oil to buffer the piston rod 13, which will not cause fatigue failure and collision due to excessive cycles. Moreover, the buffering force can be changed by adjusting the pressure of the hydraulic oil. High-precision piston rod 13 displacement monitoring and recording can be performed through the magnetic ring 17 and the displacement sensor 18. When the piston rod 13 fully impacts the sealing sleeve 20, the hydraulic oil chamber inside the oil injection cylinder 24 is separated from the hydraulic oil chamber inside the cylinder 14. No high pressure is generated in the hydraulic oil chamber inside the oil injection cylinder 24, and the displacement sensor 18, located inside the piston rod 13, is not subjected to the pressure of high-pressure oil, thus protecting the displacement sensor 18 from damage by high pressure. Alternatively, this application can also use a similar method to adjust the buffering capacity of the piston rod 13 using hydraulic / pneumatic pressure.

[0041] Preferably, a third sealing assembly is provided between the piston rod 13 and the rear of the cylinder body 14. Specifically, the third sealing assembly includes a piston rod seal 11 and a dust seal 12. The piston rod seal 11 isolates the piston chamber from the outside air, and the dust seal 12 prevents external debris from entering the cylinder body 14. The piston rod 13 is the main actuating element. Supercritical working fluid flows between the piston rod 13 and the cylinder body 14, and is blocked by the flange at the front, thereby pushing the piston rod 13 forward. During installation, after installing the piston rod seal 11 and the dust seal 12 into the cylinder body 14, the left end of the piston rod 13 is slowly inserted into the cylinder body 14 for installation.

[0042] Preferably, a fourth sealing assembly is provided between the flange and the cylinder body 14. The fourth sealing assembly includes two sealing rings 16, thereby sealing the gap between the flange and the cylinder body 14. All sealing assemblies in this application can be made of rubber material. A small step is provided at the right end of the piston rod 13 to reduce the collision between the piston rod 13 and the sealing ring 16 and prevent the sealing ring 16 from being misaligned or damaged. The right end of the piston rod 13 is connected to a threaded end with a larger diameter, better connection strength, and various types of end heads can be replaced as needed, such as single-eared seats, double-eared seats, etc.

[0043] Preferably, the end of the displacement sensor 18 is attached to the front end of the oil filling cylinder 24, and a sealing ring 23 is provided between the end face of the displacement sensor 18 and the oil filling cylinder 24 to isolate the inner cavity of the oil filling cylinder 24 from the outside air.

[0044] Preferably, a dust cover 22 is connected to the front end of the oil injection cylinder 24, and the dust cover 22 covers the displacement sensor 18. The dust cover 22 protects the displacement sensor 18 from interference and damage, enabling it to be used in complex and harsh environments. The oil injection cylinder 24 is provided with an oil injection port 21 for injecting hydraulic oil. A third convex flange is provided at one end of the oil injection cylinder 24 near the cylinder body 14. The third convex flange is inserted into the interior of the cylinder body 14, and a fifth sealing assembly is provided between the third convex flange and the cylinder body 14. The arrangement and structure of the first sealing assembly are the same as those of the second sealing assembly.

[0045] During use, a certain amount of liquid working fluid above the critical pressure is added to the phase change sleeve 4 by opening the filling end 2, ensuring that a sealed cavity is formed inside the phase change sleeve 4. Low-pressure (1 bar to 3 bar) hydraulic oil is added through the oil inlet 21 for buffering. The hydraulic oil pressure is adjusted for buffering after calculating the amount of liquid working fluid and the impact force of the piston rod 13. The piston rod 13 is moved to the initial position at the far right end. The heating tube 3 is started for heating. When the high-pressure liquid working fluid is heated to the critical temperature point, it changes to supercritical working fluid and expands rapidly inside the phase change sleeve 4, generating high pressure in a sealed cavity of a certain volume. It breaks through the pressure plate 7 along the pre-made groove 26 and enters the flow channel of the flow channel component 8. The piston rod 13 is pushed to move rapidly to the left. When the piston rod 13 contacts the sealing sleeve 20, the inner cavity of the oil injection cylinder 24 is isolated from the buffer oil cavity 19. Figure 5 As shown, the hydraulic oil in the buffer oil chamber 19 is compressed, and the pressure rises rapidly to form high-pressure buffer oil B, which simultaneously buffers the piston rod 13. After all operations are completed, the supercritical working fluid C in the channel is released through the energy release port 15, and the pressure plate 7 is replaced before the next operation.

[0046] This invention relates to a supercritical fluid actuation device. By setting a pre-formed groove 26 on the constant pressure plate 7, the working fluid breaks up along the groove 26, simultaneously blocking larger metal fragments and preventing damage to subsequent components. The hydraulic oil in the cylinder body 14 buffers the piston rod 13, preventing fatigue failure and collision damage due to excessive cycles. The displacement sensor 18 allows for controllable buffering capacity, further preventing equipment collision damage. This solves the technical problem in existing high-speed actuation devices that are prone to damage after rapid operation. The flow channel component 8 of this application prevents small metal fragments from impacting the piston rod 13, extending the device's service life. Multiple interfaces in this application use flange connections, allowing for better arrangement of radial and end-face seals, ensuring the device's airtightness.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A supercritical fluid actuation device, characterized in that, include: A phase change assembly, comprising a phase change sleeve (4) that can be filled with working fluid, a heating tube (3) and a constant pressure plate (7), wherein the heating tube (3) is installed inside the phase change sleeve (4); The flow channel component (8) is provided with a flow channel for the working fluid after phase change to pass through. The pressure plate (7) is installed between the phase change sleeve (4) and the flow channel component (8). The pressure plate (7) is provided with a pre-made groove (26). The phase change sleeve (4) is detachably connected to the flow channel component (8). The cylinder assembly includes a cylinder body (14) and a piston rod (13). The cylinder body (14) is provided with a buffer oil chamber (19). The cylinder body (14) is connected to the flow channel component (8), and the buffer oil chamber (19) is connected to the flow channel. The piston rod (13) passes through the cylinder body (14), and the front part of the piston rod (13) is provided with a flange adapted to the cylinder body (14). Oil injection cylinder (24), a displacement sensor (18) is installed inside the oil injection cylinder (24), the displacement sensor (18) extends into the piston rod (13), and a sealing sleeve (20) adapted to the front end of the piston rod (13) is provided at one end of the oil injection cylinder (24) near the oil cylinder cylinder (14). The flow channel component (8) is L-shaped, and a cleaning port is provided at the corner of the flow channel component (8), and the cleaning port is plugged with a plug (9). The front end of the piston rod (13) extends forward to form an extension section adapted to the sealing sleeve (20). A magnetic ring (17) is provided in the extension section. The diameter of the extension section is smaller than the diameter of the flange. When the extension section is inserted into the sealing sleeve (20), a buffer oil cavity (19) is formed between the cylinder body (14), the flange and the oil injection cylinder body (24).

2. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phase change bushing (4) has a filling end (2) at its first end, and the heating tube (3) is detachably connected to the filling end (2). A wiring tube (1) is provided on the end of the filling end (2) away from the phase change bushing (4), and the control line in the wiring tube (1) is connected to the heating tube (3).

3. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the phase change bushing (4) is provided with a first concave flange, the first end of the flow channel component (8) is provided with a first convex flange adapted to the first concave flange, and a first sealing component is provided between the first concave flange and the first convex flange.

4. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the flow channel component (8) is provided with a second convex flange, and the side of the cylinder body (14) is provided with a second concave flange adapted to the second convex flange. A second sealing assembly is provided between the second convex flange and the second concave flange.

5. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third sealing assembly is provided between the piston rod (13) and the rear part of the cylinder body (14).

6. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A fourth sealing assembly is provided between the flange and the cylinder body (14).

7. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the displacement sensor (18) is attached to the front end of the oil injection cylinder (24), and a sealing ring (23) is provided between the end face of the displacement sensor (18) and the oil injection cylinder (24).

8. The supercritical fluid actuation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the oil injection cylinder (24) is connected to a dust cover (22), which covers the displacement sensor (18).

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