Self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract

The invention discloses a piezoelectric ceramic-based self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device, which comprises a guide pillar assembly, a sliding sleeve assembly, a locking assembly and a guide sleeve main body, the guide pillar assembly comprises a guide pillar main body, the outer side of one end of the guide pillar main body is sleeved with a reset spring, and the end of the guide pillar main body is internally sleeved with an end cover; a bolt which is in threaded connection with the guide pillar main body is arranged in the end cover; the sliding sleeve assembly comprises a first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body, a limiting strip and a second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction, one end of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body is connected with the reset spring in an attached mode, and the other end of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body is connected with the limiting strip in an attached mode. The inner side of the limiting strip is fixedly connected with the guide column main body, and the other side of the limiting strip is connected with the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body in an attached mode. Three technical bottlenecks of lubrication failure, heat accumulation and maintenance difficulty of a traditional guide column and guide sleeve are systematically solved through cooperation of three technologies of rolling and sliding composite lubrication, modular locking and phase change active heat dissipation; and the reliability and the economical efficiency of the equipment are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the cross - technical field of mechanical tribology and precision transmission, and particularly to a self - lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics. Background Technique

[0002] Guide pillars and guide sleeves are key guiding components in mechanical motion systems, widely used in fields such as numerical control machine tools, automation equipment, and molds to ensure the precise linear motion of moving components; traditional guide pillar and guide sleeve devices usually adopt sliding friction (such as metal - metal mating) or rolling friction (such as linear bearings) structures.

[0003] The traditional guide pillar and guide sleeve structure has the following technical bottlenecks: The problem of insufficient lubrication is manifested in that the existing design relies on grease lubrication. After long - term operation, it is easy to cause an increase in the friction coefficient and a rise in temperature due to grease drying or contamination, and in severe cases, it leads to jamming failure, and the service life is significantly reduced under high - speed or heavy - load working conditions; the defect in heat dissipation performance stems from the lack of an active heat dissipation mechanism in the conventional structure. The accumulation of frictional heat is likely to induce thermal deformation of materials, thereby affecting the motion accuracy, while the external air - cooling or liquid - cooling system faces the contradiction between structural complexity and increased maintenance costs; the poor maintainability is mainly manifested in that the replacement of the lubricating sleeve body requires overall disassembly, and the disassembly and assembly process is cumbersome after the locking structure wears, and the lack of modular quick - disassembly design leads to an increase in maintenance costs.

[0004] Therefore, a self - lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics is proposed to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self - lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics, so as to solve the problems in the above - mentioned background technique that the current traditional guide pillar and guide sleeve structure is prone to failure due to relying on grease lubrication, resulting in increased friction and jamming, insufficient passive heat dissipation leading to thermal deformation and affecting accuracy, and non - modular design causing difficulties in maintenance, which severely restricts its reliability and service life under high - speed, heavy - load, and high - precision working conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A self - lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics, including: a guide pillar assembly, a sliding sleeve assembly, a locking assembly, and a guide sleeve body. The guide pillar assembly includes a guide pillar main body, on the outer side of one end of the guide pillar main body, a return spring is sleeved, and inside this end, an end cover is sleeved. Inside the end cover, a bolt threadedly connected to the guide pillar main body is arranged. The sliding sleeve assembly includes a first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body, a limiting strip, and a second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body arranged in sequence along the axial direction. One end of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body is in fit connection with the return spring, and the other end is in fit connection with the limiting strip. The inner side of the limiting strip is fixedly connected to the main body of the guide post, and the other side is in fit connection with the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body. On the side of the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body away from the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body, there is also a limiting strip fixedly connected to the main body of the guide post; The locking assembly includes rectangular positioning grooves symmetrically arranged at the four corners of the butting end faces of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body. The main body of the guide sleeve is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve assembly, and a heat dissipation assembly is provided at its top; The heat dissipation assembly includes a T-shaped water storage tank opened at the center position of the top end of the main body of the guide sleeve. A sealing ring is snap-fitted inside the top end of the T-shaped water storage tank, and a water level sensor is fixedly provided at one side of the bottom of the T-shaped water storage tank; The main body of the guide sleeve is evenly distributed with four inclined surface diversion channels communicating with the T-shaped water storage tank along the circumferential direction below the T-shaped water storage tank. A groove communicating with the inclined surface diversion channels is provided on one side of the main body of the guide sleeve adjacent to the T-shaped water storage tank. A cover plate is provided in the groove, and an air outlet is opened at the center position of the cover plate. The cover plate is snap-fitted with the main body of the guide sleeve through four circumferentially evenly distributed circumferential buckles; A piezoelectric ceramic is in fit connection with the convex surface of the cover plate, and the side of the piezoelectric ceramic away from the cover plate is in sealed fit connection with the main body of the guide sleeve through a sealing ring.

[0007] Preferably, limiting grooves are opened on the outer sides of both ends of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body, and annular limiting rubber bands are arranged in each limiting groove; the spherical surface of the limiting strip radially protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve assembly, and the highest point of the spherical surface is located radially inside the inner hole surface of the main body of the guide sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, elastic plastic buckles are in interference fit in the positioning grooves. A plastic ring is fixedly connected to the central part of the elastic plastic buckles, and the elastic plastic buckles are made of polyetheretherketone material.

[0009] Preferably, the inner wall of the main body of the guide sleeve is coated with a self-lubricating composite material layer.

[0010] Preferably, the inner wall of the T-shaped water storage tank is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

[0011] Preferably, the inclination angle of the inclined surface diversion channels is 15 degrees to 30 degrees, and the inner wall of the channels is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating.

[0012] Preferably, an exhaust port is provided on one side of the bottom end of the guide bushing body. A filter screen is provided in the exhaust port. The axis of the exhaust port forms a 45-degree angle with the horizontal plane. Its air outlet is connected to a micro air pump, and the filter screen is a stainless steel sintered porous structure.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide post and guide bushing device based on piezoelectric ceramics systematically solves the three major technical bottlenecks of lubrication failure, heat accumulation, and maintenance difficulties of traditional guide posts and guide bushings through the triple technologies of rolling-sliding composite lubrication, modular locking, and phase change active heat dissipation, significantly improving the reliability and economy of the equipment. The specific content is as follows: 1. Long-term self-lubrication and friction control Through the rolling-sliding composite design of the sliding sleeve assembly and the limiting strip, combined with the self-lubricating composite material layer on the inner wall of the guide bushing body, a dual action mechanism of solid lubrication and oil film lubrication is formed; this structure avoids the dry failure problem caused by traditional grease lubrication during long-term operation, significantly reduces the friction coefficient, and ensures smooth movement; the spherical mating structure of the limiting rubber band and the limiting strip optimizes the contact stress distribution, and can still maintain stable friction performance under high-speed or heavy-load working conditions, greatly extending the service life of the device. 2. Modular quick disassembly and convenient maintenance An interference fit locking scheme of elastic plastic buckles and rectangular positioning grooves is adopted. Utilizing the high wear resistance of polyether ether ketone materials, it ensures that the locking structure can still maintain reliable connection after repeated disassembly and assembly; during maintenance, only the plastic ring needs to be operated to quickly release the constraint, realizing the separate replacement of the lubricating sleeve body without disassembling the entire guide post assembly, greatly simplifying the maintenance process and reducing the downtime. 3. Active heat dissipation and suppression of thermal deformation The phase change heat dissipation system composed of a T-shaped water storage tank and an inclined diversion channel utilizes the evaporation of water vapor to absorb frictional heat and realizes continuous cooling through condensation and reflux; the vibration effect generated by the piezoelectric ceramics during temperature change promotes air circulation, combined with the porous filter screen structure of the inclined exhaust port, effectively enhancing the heat dissipation capacity and avoiding the thermal deformation problem caused by excessive temperature rise, ensuring the movement accuracy. 4. Structural integration and improvement of reliability The heat dissipation component and the guide bushing body adopt an embedded integrated design, which can achieve efficient thermal management without external complex cooling devices; the water level sensor monitors the state of the cooling medium in real time, combined with the coordinated protection of the hydrophobic coating and the wear-resistant coating, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device under harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, or dust, and significantly improving the overall reliability. Description of the drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the cooperation structure between the guide post main body and the sliding sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the sliding sleeve assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the partially cut-away structure at the surface of the sliding sleeve assembly in the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structure diagram of the locking component in the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the elastic plastic buckle of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide sleeve main body of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic top view structure diagram of the guide sleeve main body of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structure diagram of the heat dissipation component in the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the disassembled state structure of the piezoelectric ceramic of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structure diagram at position A in the present invention; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the connection state between the limit strip and the guide post main body of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1. Guide post main body; 101. Return spring; 102. End cover; 103. Bolt; 2. Sliding sleeve assembly; 201. First C-shaped lubricating sleeve body; 202. Second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body; 203. Limit groove; 204. Limit rubber band; 3. Limit strip; 4. Locking component; 401. Positioning groove; 402. Elastic plastic buckle; 403. Plastic ring; 5. Guide sleeve main body; 6. Heat dissipation component; 601. T-shaped water storage tank; 602. Sealing ring; 603. Water level sensor; 604. Inclined surface diversion channel; 605. Groove; 606. Cover plate; 607. Air vent; 608. Circumferential buckle; 609. Piezoelectric ceramic; 610. Sealing ring; 7. Exhaust port; 701. Filter screen. Detailed implementation manners

[0016] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0017] Please refer to Figure 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution: a self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics, including: a guide pillar assembly, a sliding sleeve assembly 2, a locking assembly 4 and a guide sleeve main body 5. The guide pillar assembly includes a guide pillar main body 1. An outer side of one end of the guide pillar main body 1 is sleeved with a return spring 102, and an inner side of this end is sleeved with an end cover 101. A bolt 103 threadedly connected to the guide pillar main body 1 is arranged inside the end cover 101; The guide pillar main body 1 is precision machined from high-strength alloy steel, and is combined with the return spring 102 made of 60Si2MnA spring steel and the end cover 103 subjected to quenching and tempering treatment, ensuring the mechanical strength and reliability of the structure; The sliding sleeve assembly 2 includes a first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201, a limiting strip 3 and a second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202 arranged in sequence along the axial direction. One end of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201 is in fit connection with the return spring 102, and the other end is in fit connection with the limiting strip 3. The inner side of the limiting strip 3 is fixedly connected to the guide pillar main body 1, and the other side of the limiting strip 3 is in fit connection with the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202. A limiting strip 3 fixedly connected to the guide pillar main body 1 is also arranged on a side of the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202 away from the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201; The sliding sleeve assembly 2 significantly improves the overall performance through innovative structural design and material combination; the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201 and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202 made of graphite-reinforced polytetrafluoroethylene composite material, and the high-hardness bearing steel balls carefully arranged inside form an optimized rolling contact interface with the inner wall of the guide sleeve main body 5; this unique design combines the inherent self-lubricating characteristics of polytetrafluoroethylene material, creatively realizing a composite lubrication mode combining rolling and sliding, greatly reducing the frictional resistance and energy loss during the movement process; and through the cooperative positioning action of the spherical guiding mechanism of the accurately calculated limiting strip 3 and the steel balls, effectively ensuring the centering accuracy of the moving parts; the reasonable configuration of the elastic limiting rubber band 204 further enhances the stability of the system and significantly improves the movement smoothness; this structural design not only optimizes the distribution state of the contact stress, but also significantly improves the wear resistance and service life through the complementary advantages between materials; The locking assembly 4 includes rectangular positioning grooves 401 symmetrically arranged at four corners of the butting end face of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201 and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202. The guide sleeve main body 5 is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve assembly 2, and a heat dissipation assembly 6 is arranged at its top; Through the interference fit design of the elastic plastic buckle 402, only by applying axial pressure to the plastic ring 403 can the sliding sleeve assembly 2 be quickly unlocked, greatly simplifying the maintenance process; the matching structure of the four symmetrically distributed rectangular positioning grooves 401 and the plastic buckle 402 can ensure the circumferential positioning accuracy of the sliding sleeve assembly 2 and effectively prevent assembly misalignment; The heat dissipation component 6 includes a T-shaped water storage tank 601 opened at the center of the top end of the guide sleeve main body 5. A sealing ring 602 is snap-fitted inside the top end of the T-shaped water storage tank 601. A water level sensor 603 is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the T-shaped water storage tank 601; The axial arrangement of the T-shaped water storage tank 601 makes full use of the space at the top end of the guide sleeve main body 5, realizing an efficient heat dissipation function without increasing the overall size. The T-shaped structure design of the T-shaped water storage tank 601 increases the storage volume of the cooling medium. The snap-fitting connection with the sealing ring 602 ensures that the coolant does not leak, achieving a continuous and stable evaporation cooling effect; The sealing ring 602 adopts an elastic material and a precise snap-fitting structure, ensuring excellent sealing performance of the device under vibration conditions while guaranteeing the convenience of disassembly and assembly; The integrated water level sensor 603 can monitor the remaining amount of coolant in real time, and prompt timely replenishment through the warning system to avoid overheating failure caused by the depletion of the coolant; Four inclined surface diversion channels 604 communicating with the T-shaped water storage tank 601 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction below the guide sleeve main body 5. A groove 605 communicating with the inclined surface diversion channel 604 is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve main body 5 adjacent to the T-shaped water storage tank 601. A cover plate 606 is arranged in the groove 605. An air outlet hole 607 is opened at the center position of the cover plate 606. The cover plate 606 is snap-fitted with the guide sleeve main body 5 through four circumferentially evenly distributed circumferential buckles 608; The four circumferentially distributed inclined surface diversion channels 604 form an efficient connection with the T-shaped water storage tank 601 to ensure that the cooling medium is evenly distributed to each key part of the piezoelectric ceramic 609; The cover plate fixing method using four circumferential buckles 608 realizes rapid disassembly and maintenance. The outer surface of the cover plate 606 is flush with the inner surface of the guide sleeve main body 5, and the cover plate 606 is located in the non-working area of the guide sleeve main body 5, that is, it does not affect the normal operation of the sliding sleeve assembly 2; The convex surface of the cover plate 606 is adhesively connected with a piezoelectric ceramic 609. One side of the piezoelectric ceramic 609 away from the cover plate 606 is hermetically and adhesively connected with the guide sleeve main body 5 through a sealing ring 610; The design of the adhesive connection between the convex surface of the cover plate 606 and the piezoelectric ceramic 609 can ensure the close contact between the two, thereby improving the stability of the mechanical structure and the force transmission efficiency; One side of the piezoelectric ceramic 609 away from the cover plate 606 is hermetically and adhesively connected with the guide sleeve main body 5 through a sealing ring 610, which not only effectively prevents external pollutants from invading, but also enhances the sealing performance and durability of the component, and is convenient for assembly and maintenance; Limit grooves 203 are opened on the outer sides of both ends of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 201 and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body 202. Annular limit rubber bands 204 are arranged in each limit groove 203; The spherical surface of the limit strip 3 radially protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve assembly 2, and the highest point of the spherical surface is located radially inside the inner hole surface of the guide sleeve main body 5; The cooperation between the limiting grooves 203 precisely machined at both ends of the C-shaped lubricating sleeve body and the special silicone rubber limiting rubber bands 204 forms a reliable radial restraint system, effectively preventing circumferential creep during high-speed movement; the elastic characteristics of the limiting rubber bands 204 endow this structure with good dynamic compensation ability, which can not only absorb the vibration energy during the movement process, but also automatically adapt to the dimensional changes caused by manufacturing tolerances or thermal deformation, ensuring that the moving parts always maintain an ideal contact state; among them, the limiting strips 3 integrally formed on the guide post body 1 eliminate the risk of assembly errors and enhance the rigidity and stability of the overall structure; this design not only ensures the guiding accuracy of the moving parts, but also improves the production efficiency and component reliability by simplifying the assembly process; by adopting a spherical radial protrusion structure, the contact area is precisely controlled near the highest point of the spherical surface, greatly reducing the effective contact area and significantly reducing the sliding friction resistance; the carefully calculated spherical curvature not only ensures a reliable guiding function, but also optimizes the contact stress distribution; as Figure Ten The evenly distributed spherical grooves designed inside the limiting strip 3 shown in Figure 2 have multiple functions: by reducing the contact area, storing lubricant, and balancing the load distribution, continuous lubrication and stress optimization are achieved; this structure forms a self-sustaining lubrication system through capillary action, effectively extending the lubrication cycle; at the same time, the precise positioning of the highest point of the spherical surface and the radial inner arrangement method provide an ideal spatial distribution for the lubricant on the premise of ensuring the guiding accuracy, forming optimized hydrodynamic lubrication conditions; therefore, through the organic combination of structural innovation and lubrication mechanism, this design has achieved significant improvements in reducing friction resistance, extending service life, and improving guiding accuracy; An elastic plastic buckle 402 is press-fitted in the positioning groove 401, and a plastic ring 403 is fixedly connected to the central part of the elastic plastic buckle 402. The elastic plastic buckle 402 is made of polyether ether ketone material; The centered connection method of the plastic ring 403 makes the forces on each buckle uniform. With the wrapping restraint of the guide sleeve body 5, the risk of accidental disconnection of the locking assembly during operation can be completely avoided; the elastic plastic buckle 402 made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material has excellent elastic recovery characteristics and creep resistance, and can still maintain a stable locking force under long-term vibration conditions, avoiding the problem of easy loosening of traditional metal buckles; The inner wall of the guide sleeve body 5 is coated with a self-lubricating composite material layer; Coating the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 5 with a self-lubricating composite material layer can significantly reduce the friction coefficient between the moving parts, reduce mechanical wear and extend the service life; this coating can form a stable lubricating film during operation, effectively avoiding dry friction phenomena, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of movement; at the same time, the self-lubricating composite material layer has good high-temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, can maintain a stable lubrication effect under harsh working conditions, reduce maintenance requirements and improve system reliability; The inner wall of the T-shaped water storage tank 601 is provided with a hydrophobic coating; The inner wall of the T-shaped water storage tank 601 is provided with a hydrophobic coating, which can effectively reduce the adhesion between water or other liquid media and the tank wall, thereby promoting the rapid drainage of the liquid and reducing residues, improving the drainage efficiency and cleaning convenience; the hydrophobic coating can prevent the deposition of scale and impurities, reduce the corrosion risk of the inner wall of the tank, and extend the service life of the structure; at the same time, the hydrophobic property can also reduce the bacteria growth or icing phenomenon caused by liquid retention, ensuring the stable operation of the system in humid or low-temperature environments; The inclination angle of the inclined surface diversion channel 604 is 15 degrees to 30 degrees, and the inner wall of the channel is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating; Setting the inclination angle of the inclined surface diversion channel 604 to 15 degrees to 30 degrees can ensure that the fluid obtains a moderate flow rate under the action of gravity, avoiding the flow stagnation caused by too small an angle and preventing the turbulence or impact loss caused by too large an angle; the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating provided on the inner wall of the channel has an extremely low friction coefficient and excellent chemical stability, can significantly reduce the fluid transportation resistance, and at the same time withstand the erosion of corrosive media and particulate matter, extending the service life of the channel; An exhaust port 7 is opened on one side of the bottom end of the guide sleeve body 5, a filter screen 701 is provided in the exhaust port 7, the axis of the exhaust port 7 forms an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, its air outlet is connected to a micro air pump, and the filter screen 701 is a stainless steel sintered porous structure; Opening the exhaust port 7 on one side of the bottom end of the guide sleeve body 5 can effectively balance the internal and external air pressures of the component, prevent the sealing failure or the increase of movement resistance caused by the air pressure difference, and at the same time avoid the influence of internal air retention on the operation stability of the mechanism; the filter screen 701 provided in the exhaust port 7 can effectively block the entry of external dust, impurities and other pollutants into the guide sleeve, ensure the cleanliness of the internal environment, and extend the service life of key components; arranging the axis of the exhaust port 7 at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane is conducive to the natural convection discharge of gas and can effectively prevent the intrusion of external liquid or impurities due to gravity; connecting the exhaust port 7 to a micro air pump can form an active exhaust mechanism, significantly improving the gas exchange efficiency and ensuring the dynamic balance of the internal and external pressures of the system; using a stainless steel sintered porous structure as the filter screen 701 has excellent air permeability and filtration accuracy, maintains low flow resistance while blocking particulate pollutants, and has reliable corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance performance.

[0018] Working principle: Before using the self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide post and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics, it is necessary to first check the overall situation of the device to determine that it can work normally. According to Figure 1 - Figure 11As shown, the overall working process is as follows: During the operation of the device, when the guide post body 1 moves axially, the rolling and sliding composite structure of the sliding sleeve assembly 2 realizes low-friction transmission, and the locking assembly 4 ensures the structural stability; the frictional heat is timely dissipated by the phase change cooling system of the heat dissipation assembly 6 to avoid the deterioration of accuracy caused by temperature rise; the entire system realizes rapid maintenance through modular design, and through the synergistic effect of self-lubrication and active heat dissipation, significantly improves the service life and reliability under high-speed, heavy-load or harsh working conditions. Among them, the relative movement between the guide post body 1 and the guide sleeve body 5 is lubricated and supported by the sliding sleeve assembly 2; during the movement, the steel balls on the outer surface of the C-shaped sleeve body form rolling friction with the self-lubricating composite material layer on the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 5, and the limiting strip 3 forms sliding friction with the self-lubricating composite material layer on the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 5, thereby reducing the overall frictional resistance; moreover, the limiting rubber band 204 ensures stable fitting of the lubricating sleeve body during movement through elastic restraint, avoiding eccentric wear; the spherical structure of the limiting strip 3 further optimizes the contact stress distribution, reduces local wear, and ensures the reliability of long-term operation. Secondly, the locking assembly 4 realizes the fixation of the sliding sleeve assembly 2 through the interference fit between the elastic plastic buckle 402 and the rectangular positioning groove 401; the high elasticity and wear resistance of the polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material enable the buckle to still maintain the locking force after repeated disassembly and assembly; when maintenance is required, simply pull the elastic plastic buckle 402 outwards to release the buckle restraint and realize the rapid replacement of the lubricating sleeve body without disassembling the entire guide post assembly, significantly improving the maintenance efficiency. Then, the heat dissipation assembly 6 stores the cooling medium (such as phase change material) through the T-shaped water storage tank 601; when the device operates, the frictional heat is conducted to the guide sleeve body 5, causing the liquid in the T-shaped water storage tank 601 to evaporate when heated, and the steam diffuses to the groove 605 area through the inclined surface diversion channel 604; the piezoelectric ceramic 609 generates vibration when the temperature changes, accelerating the steam flow and discharging it through the air outlet 607. At the same time, an external micro air pump forms a negative pressure area at the bottom end of the guide sleeve body 5, so as to ensure that the air flow is discharged from the exhaust port 7 to form a good heat dissipation cycle system, thereby enhancing the heat dissipation effect; the water level sensor 603 monitors the inventory of the cooling medium in real time to ensure the long-term effective operation of the heat dissipation system. Finally, the return spring 102 provides the axial return force of the guide post body 1 to ensure the position accuracy during the movement process; the combined effect of the self-lubricating coating on the inner wall of the guide sleeve body 5 and the lubricating sleeve body further reduces the friction coefficient; the inclined design of the exhaust port 7 combined with the stainless steel sintered porous filter 701 effectively prevents external pollutants from invading, while optimizing the air flow discharge path and improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0019] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics, comprising: A guide post assembly, a sliding sleeve assembly (2), a locking assembly (4) and a guide sleeve body (5), characterized in that: the guide post assembly includes a guide post body (1), an outer side of one end of the guide post body (1) is sleeved with a return spring (102) and an end cover (101) is sleeved inside this end, and a bolt (103) threadedly connected to the guide post body (1) is arranged inside the end cover (101); The sliding sleeve assembly (2) includes a first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (201), a limiting strip (3) and a second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (202) arranged in sequence along the axial direction. One end of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (201) is adhesively connected to the return spring (102), and the other end is adhesively connected to the limiting strip (3). The inner side of the limiting strip (3) is fixedly connected to the guide post body (1), and the other side thereof is adhesively connected to the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (202). A limiting strip (3) fixedly connected to the guide post body (1) is also arranged on the side of the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (202) away from the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (201); The locking assembly (4) includes rectangular positioning grooves (401) symmetrically arranged at four corners of the butting end face of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (201) and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (202); the guide sleeve body (5) is sleeved outside the sliding sleeve assembly (2), and a heat dissipation assembly (6) is arranged at its top end; The heat dissipation assembly (6) includes a T-shaped water storage tank (601) opened at the center position of the top end of the guide sleeve body (5). A sealing ring (602) is snap-fitted inside the top end of the T-shaped water storage tank (601), and a water level sensor (603) is fixedly arranged on one side of the bottom of the T-shaped water storage tank (601); Four inclined surface diversion channels (604) communicating with the T-shaped water storage tank (601) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction below the T-shaped water storage tank (601) of the guide sleeve body (5). A groove (605) communicating with the inclined surface diversion channel (604) is arranged on one side of the guide sleeve body (5) adjacent to the T-shaped water storage tank (601). A cover plate (606) is arranged in the groove (605), and an air outlet hole (607) is opened at the center position of the cover plate (606). The cover plate (606) is snap-fitted with the guide sleeve body (5) through four circumferentially uniformly distributed circumferential buckles (608); A piezoelectric ceramic (609) is adhesively connected to the convex table surface of the cover plate (606), and the side of the piezoelectric ceramic (609) away from the cover plate (606) is hermetically adhesively connected to the guide sleeve body (5) through a sealing ring (610).

2. The self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: Limiting grooves (203) are opened on the outer sides of both ends of the first C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (201) and the second C-shaped lubricating sleeve body (202), and annular limiting rubber bands (204) are arranged in each limiting groove (203); the spherical surface of the limiting strip (3) radially protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the sliding sleeve assembly (2), and the highest point of the spherical surface is located radially inside the inner hole surface of the guide sleeve body (5).

3. A self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic plastic buckle (402) is in interference fit in the positioning groove (401). A plastic ring (403) is fixedly connected to the central part of the elastic plastic buckle (402). The elastic plastic buckle (402) is made of polyether ether ketone material.

4. A self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the guide sleeve body (5) is coated with a self-lubricating composite material layer.

5. A self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the T-shaped water storage tank (601) is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

6. The self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the inclined surface diversion channel (604) is from 15 degrees to 30 degrees, and the inner wall of the channel is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating.

7. A self-lubricating rolling composite structure guide pillar and guide sleeve device based on piezoelectric ceramics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust port (7) is formed on one side at the bottom end of the guide sleeve body (5). A filter screen (701) is arranged in the exhaust port (7). The axis of the exhaust port (7) forms an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane. Its air outlet is connected to a micro air pump, and the filter screen (701) is a stainless steel sintered porous structure.

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